Pipetting module and nucleic acid detector

Abstract

The application discloses a pipetting module, which comprises a pipetting support frame, at least one pipetting unit is installed on the pipetting support frame, the pipetting unit comprises a horizontal rail, a horizontal sliding block is installed on the horizontal rail, a tip head replacement assembly is installed on the horizontal sliding block, the tip head replacement assembly comprises a rail seat which is fixedly installed on the horizontal sliding block, a moving seat is arranged on the rail seat, the moving seat can move along the vertical direction relative to the rail seat, a connecting gun is installed on the moving seat, and a connecting gun head for cooperating with the tip head is arranged at the lower end of the connecting gun; a tip head taking and placing control assembly is arranged between the connecting gun and the moving seat; the tip head taking and placing control assembly comprises a gun head sleeve, an extension rod and a taking and placing control mechanism, the gun head sleeve is sleeved outside the connecting gun and is used for limiting cooperation with the tip head; the taking and placing control mechanism is used for guiding the movement of the gun head sleeve; a limiting groove is arranged on the gun head sleeve, the extension rod is installed on the rail seat, and the extension rod can extend into the limiting groove. The application further discloses a nucleic acid detector.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically a pipetting module and a nucleic acid detection instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Nucleic acid extraction and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) amplification technology are widely used in molecular diagnostics. The main principle is to extract nucleic acids from the sample and amplify them. In early experiments, both nucleic acid extraction and PCR amplification were performed manually, resulting in long processing times and inconsistent results. The development of industrial automation and the emergence of nucleic acid extractors and quantitative PCR instruments have replaced and upgraded the manual processes of nucleic acid extraction and PCR amplification. However, the processes of adding samples to the nucleic acid extractor and transferring the extracted samples to the quantitative PCR instrument still require manual operation and transfer, increasing the workload for staff and increasing the risk of sample contamination during transfer. During nucleic acid extraction and PCR amplification, pipetting operations involving samples and different reagents are required. Different pipetting operations require different tip heads; therefore, how to automatically change tips during nucleic acid extraction and PCR amplification has become a significant challenge limiting the automation of nucleic acid detection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pipetting module and a nucleic acid detection instrument that can automatically load and unload tips to meet the requirements for pipetting during nucleic acid extraction and PCR amplification.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention first proposes a pipetting module, including a pipetting support frame, on which at least one pipetting unit is mounted. The pipetting unit includes a horizontal track, on which a horizontal slider is mounted and slidably engaged. A tip replacement assembly is mounted on the horizontal slider. The tip replacement assembly includes a track seat fixedly mounted on the horizontal slider, and a movable seat is provided on the track seat. The movable seat is movable relative to the track seat in a vertical direction. A connecting gun is mounted on the movable seat. The connecting gun is located in a vertical direction, and its lower end is provided with a connecting gun tip for engaging with a tip.

[0006] A tip placement and retrieval control assembly is provided between the connecting gun and the movable base; the tip placement and retrieval control assembly includes a gun head sleeve, a telescopic rod, and a placement and retrieval control mechanism. The gun head sleeve is fitted over the connecting gun and is used to limit the engagement of the tip head; the placement and retrieval control mechanism is used to guide the gun head sleeve to move vertically, and the lowest position of the gun head sleeve relative to the connecting gun reaches or is below the connecting gun head; the gun head sleeve is provided with a limiting groove, and the telescopic rod is installed on the track base, and the telescopic rod can extend into the limiting groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the connecting gun head is provided with at least one protruding ring for interference fit with the tip head.

[0008] Furthermore, the movable base is provided with a mounting through hole, and the connecting gun is fixedly installed in the mounting through hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the pick-and-place control mechanism includes a guide rod parallel to the connecting gun, and the gun head sleeve moves synchronously with the guide rod; the movable seat is provided with a guide through hole that slides with the guide rod, and the upper end of the guide rod is provided with a limiting structure that limits the movable seat.

[0010] Furthermore, a compression spring is provided between the lower end of the guide rod and the movable seat to apply a downward elastic force to the guide rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide rod has a small-diameter guide rod section at its upper end and a large-diameter guide rod section at its lower end, with the outer diameter of the large-diameter guide rod section being larger than the outer diameter of the small-diameter guide rod section; the compression spring is installed between the movable seat and the large-diameter guide rod section; the guide through hole has a large-diameter guide hole section at its lower end and a small-diameter guide hole section at its upper end, with the inner diameter of the large-diameter guide hole section being larger than the inner diameter of the small-diameter guide hole section; the large-diameter guide hole section cooperates with the large-diameter guide rod section, and the small-diameter guide rod section cooperates with the small-diameter guide hole section and extends upward from the small-diameter guide hole section; the limiting structure is provided on the small-diameter guide rod section, and the compression spring is installed inside the large-diameter guide hole section.

[0012] Furthermore, the gun head sleeve is provided with a connecting seat, the guide rod is fixedly connected to the connecting seat, and the limiting groove is disposed in the connecting seat.

[0013] Furthermore, an optical coupler sensor for detecting the position of the movable seat is installed on the track base, and a light-blocking plate that cooperates with the optical coupler sensor is installed on the movable seat.

[0014] Furthermore, a cap clamping plate is installed on the movable seat, which is used to press the cap loaded in the PCR tube during the PCR process.

[0015] Furthermore, the cap plate includes a horizontally positioned pressure plate, with connecting plates at both ends of the pressure plate, and the connecting plates are fixedly connected to the movable seat; the distance between the geometric center of the pressure plate and the axis of the connecting gun is equal to the distance between the sample storage tube and the PCR tube in the nucleic acid detection cartridge.

[0016] Furthermore, the connecting gun is provided with a central through hole; the pipetting unit also includes a pipetting tubing system connected to the central through hole.

[0017] Furthermore, the pipetting system includes a plunger pump and a three-way solenoid valve. Of the three ports of the three-way solenoid valve, the first port is connected to the plunger pump, the second port is equipped with an air filter and is connected to the atmosphere, and the third port is connected to the central through hole via a pipetting connection tube. A pressure detection tube is connected to the pipetting connection tube, and a pressure sensor is connected to the pressure detection tube.

[0018] The present invention also proposes a nucleic acid testing instrument, including a base plate, on which an inlet / outlet assembly and a pipetting module as described above are mounted. The inlet / outlet assembly includes an inlet / outlet track located in the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the horizontal track. An inlet / outlet slider that slides on the inlet / outlet track is mounted thereon, and a base assembly is mounted on the inlet / outlet slider. The base plate is provided with an inlet / outlet drive mechanism for driving the inlet / outlet slider to move along the inlet / outlet track between an outlet position and an inlet position.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] The pipetting module of the present invention, by installing a tip replacement assembly on a horizontal slider and setting a vertical track on the track seat of the tip replacement assembly, and mounting the connecting gun on a movable seat that can move along the vertical track, allows the connecting gun to move along the horizontal and vertical tracks. Combined with the movement of the in-and-out chamber of the base assembly in the nucleic acid detector, the connecting gun can move relative to the base assembly in three mutually perpendicular directions to meet the movement requirements of pipetting.

[0021] By installing a tip loading / unloading control component between the connecting gun and the moving base, the tip can be loaded or unloaded. The principle is as follows: a gun head sleeve on the connecting gun is fitted with a limiter for the tip. The loading / unloading control mechanism guides the gun head sleeve to move vertically, lowering it relative to the connecting gun until it reaches or is below the connecting gun head, thus unloading the tip loaded on the connecting gun head. Simultaneously, the limiter between the telescopic rod and the limiter groove of the gun head sleeve drives the gun head sleeve to move relative to the connecting gun. When the tip needs to be unloaded, the telescopic rod extends and enters the limiter groove, driving the moving base to move upwards along the vertical track between the gun head sleeve and the tip. Under the limiting fit relationship, the gun head sleeve moves upward together with the connecting gun. When the telescopic rod is in limiting fit with the lower end of the limiting groove, the gun head sleeve can no longer move upward. At this time, if the connecting gun is driven to move upward, the gun head sleeve moves downward relative to the connecting gun, while overcoming the assembly force between the tip head and the connecting gun, so that the tip head is disengaged from the connecting gun head, thus achieving the purpose of unloading the tip. After the tip head is unloaded, the telescopic rod is controlled to retract outside the limiting groove. At this time, the gun head sleeve continues to move downward relative to the connecting gun under the action of gravity until the guide rod is in limiting fit with the moving seat. To load the tip, the connecting gun is directly inserted into the corresponding tip head, and the tip head is loaded onto the connecting gun by utilizing the interference fit relationship between the connecting gun head and the tip head. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the following figures are provided for illustration:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a front view of the nucleic acid test kit;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view;

[0025] Figure 3 An exploded view of a nucleic acid test kit;

[0026] Figure 4 An isometric view of a nucleic acid test kit;

[0027] Figure 5-6 An isometric view of a nucleic acid testing instrument;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a side view of the base component;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a front view of the base component;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the base assembly;

[0031] Figure 10-12 This diagram illustrates the process of unloading the card holder from its mounting base.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a structural schematic diagram of the entry / exit assembly;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the slide block for entering / exiting the compartment when it is in the compartment position.

[0034] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the slide block for entering and exiting the compartment when it is in the exit position.

[0035] Figure 16-17 A canometric view of the PCR temperature control component;

[0036] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the PCR temperature control unit.

[0037] Figure 19 A diagram showing the positional relationship between the PCR temperature control unit and the cartridge when the unit is in the clearance position;

[0038] Figure 20 A diagram showing the positional relationship between the PCR temperature control unit and the cartridge when the PCR temperature control unit is in the temperature control position;

[0039] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the magnetic component when the PCR temperature control unit is in the magnetic position.

[0040] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the magnetic component when the PCR temperature control unit is in the clearance position.

[0041] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the optoelectronic module.

[0042] Figure 24-25 This is an isometric view of the pipetting module;

[0043] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the pipetting unit.

[0044] Figure 27 for Figure 26 Enlarged view of region B;

[0045] Figure 28 Diagram showing the positional relationship between the cap pressure plate and the cartridge when loading or unloading the tip head for connecting the gun;

[0046] Figure 29 This diagram shows the positional relationship between the cap pressure plate and the cartridge when the tip is inside the sample storage tube.

[0047] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the cap clamp presses down on the PCR tube cap during the PCR process.

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0049] 100 - Cartridge; 110 - Cartridge body; 111 - Nucleic acid extraction area; 112 - PCR amplification area; 113 - Reagent loading area; 114 - Sample storage tube; 115 - Waste liquid storage tube; 116 - Proteinase K storage tube; 117 - Lysis buffer storage tube; 118 - Paraffin oil storage tube; 119 - Diluent storage tube; 120 - Washing buffer storage tube; 121 - Elution buffer storage tube; 122 - First tip; 123 - Second tip; 124 - First tip storage tube; 125 - Second tip storage tube; 126 - PCR tube; 127 - PCR 128 - Tube cap; 129 - PCR reagent tube; 130 - Internal standard reagent tube; 131 - First mounting slot; 132 - First mounting hole; 133 - Second mounting slot; 134 - Through hole; 135 - Through hole; 136 - Clearance slot; 137 - Second mounting hole; 138 - Cartridge side plate; 139 - Clearance hole; 140 - Snap-fit ​​plate; 141 - Snap-fit ​​clip; 142 - Guide slope; 143 - Anti-slip structure; 144 - Identification plate; 150 - Reagent plate; 151 - Clip;

[0050] 201 - Upper base plate; 202 - Lower base plate; 203 - Support column; 204 - Base space; 205 - Power supply assembly; 206 - Support frame; 207 - Display assembly;

[0051] 300-Base module; 310-Base assembly; 311-Mounting base; 312-Card holder mounting base; 313-Temperature control element; 314-Variable temperature metal; 315-Heat well; 316-Heat dissipation assembly; 317-Temperature control chamber; 318-Upper opening; 319-Temperature control slot; 320-Heat dissipation base; 321-Heat dissipation fin; 322-Temperature control mounting base; 323-RFID card reader; 324-Heat dissipation channel; 325-Mounting through hole; 326-Cooling fan; 327-Pressure block; 328-Mounting arm; 329-Magnet; 330-Magnetic guide rod; 331-Magnetic slider; 332-Magnetic return spring; 333-Magnetic lever; 334-Fixed shaft; 335-Horizontal slide groove; 336-Matching shaft; 337-Base plate; 338-Base side plate; 339-Snap-fit ​​hole;

[0052] 350 - Cargo entry / exit assembly; 351 - Cargo entry / exit track; 352 - Cargo entry / exit slider; 353 - Base mounting plate; 354 ​​- Cargo entry / exit drive motor; 355 - Synchronous pulley; 356 - Synchronous belt; 357 - Cargo door; 358 - Double hinge connecting rod; 359 - Reinforcing plate; 360 - Bending section; 361 - First roller; 362 - Second roller; 363 - Cargo door return spring; 364 - Bending connection section;

[0053] 370- PCR temperature control assembly; 371- PCR temperature control unit; 372- PCR temperature control element; 373- PCR temperature-sensitive metal; 374- PCR hot well; 375- Heat sink; 376- Heat dissipation channel; 377- Heat sink; 377a- Cooling fan; 378- Fixing plate; 379- Lifting rail; 380- Lifting slider; 381- Lifting motor; 382- Lead screw; 383- Lifting seat; 384- Drive arm; 385- Drive wheel; 386- Fiber optic positioning assembly;

[0054] 390 - Optoelectronic module; 391 - Excitation optical fiber; 392 - Receiving optical fiber; 393 - Optoelectronic mounting base; 394 - Fiber optic connector board; 395 - Optoelectronic detector; 396 - Optoelectronic detection drive assembly;

[0055] 400 - Pipetting module; 401 - Pipetting support frame; 402 - Horizontal track seat; 403 - Horizontal track; 404 - Horizontal slider; 405 - Track seat; 406 - Vertical track; 407 - Moving seat; 408 - Connecting gun; 409 - Convex ring; 410 - Mounting through hole; 411 - Clamping connector; 412 - Gun head sleeve; 413 - Guide rod; 413a - Small diameter guide rod section; 413b - Large diameter guide rod section; 414 - Connecting seat; 415 - Guide through hole; 415a - Large diameter guide hole section; 415b - Small diameter guide hole section ; 416-Limiting structure; 417-Limiting groove; 418-Compression spring; 419-First lead screw; 420-First motor; 421-Second lead screw; 422-Second motor; 423-Optical coupler sensor; 424-Light blocking plate; 425-Pipe cap pressure plate; 425a-Pressure cover plate; 425b-Connecting plate; 426-Center through hole; 427-Plunger pump; 428-Three-way solenoid valve; 429-Air filter; 430-Pipe connection tube; 431-Air pressure detection tube; 432-Air pressure sensor; 433-Telescopic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the cartridge 100 of this embodiment includes a cartridge body 110 and a reagent plate 150. The cartridge body 110 of this embodiment has a nucleic acid extraction area 111, a PCR amplification area 112, and a reagent loading area 113. In this embodiment, the reagent loading area 113 is located between the nucleic acid extraction area 111 and the PCR amplification area 112.

[0058] The nucleic acid extraction area 111 is equipped with multiple storage tubes. Specifically, the storage tubes include a sample storage tube 114, a waste liquid storage tube 115, a proteinase K storage tube 116, a lysis buffer storage tube 117, a paraffin oil storage tube 118, a diluent storage tube 119, a washing buffer storage tube 120, and an elution buffer storage tube 121. The sample storage tube 114 is used to store samples and for nucleic acid extraction; the waste liquid storage tube 115 is used to store waste liquid generated during nucleic acid extraction; the proteinase K storage tube 116 is used to store proteinase K; the lysis buffer storage tube 117 is used to store magnetic bead lysis buffer; the paraffin oil storage tube 118 is used to store paraffin oil; the diluent storage tube 119 is used to store diluent (in this embodiment, water is used); the washing buffer storage tube 120 is used to store washing buffer; and the elution buffer storage tube 121 is used to store elution buffer. In a preferred embodiment, the storage tubes also include a tip head storage tube for placing a tip head. Specifically, the tip includes a first tip 122 for use in the nucleic acid extraction process and a second tip 123 for use in the PCR amplification process. In this embodiment, the first tip 122 transfers 500 μL of liquid each time, and the second tip 123 transfers 100 μL of liquid each time. Each tip storage tube contains one tip; that is, in this embodiment, the tip storage tubes include a first tip storage tube 124 for holding the first tip 122 and a second tip storage tube 125 for holding the second tip 123. Specifically, in this embodiment, the second tip 123 is configured in a one-to-one correspondence with the PCR tube 126.

[0059] The PCR amplification area 112 contains PCR tubes 126 for PCR amplification. In this embodiment, four PCR tubes 126 are provided. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of PCR tubes 126 can be set to at least one, depending on actual needs, and will not be elaborated further. In this embodiment, the four PCR tubes 126 are arranged in a row. The PCR amplification area 112 in this embodiment also contains cap loading slots 128 for placing PCR tube caps 127, with each cap loading slot corresponding to a PCR tube 126. During PCR amplification, the PCR caps 127 are placed on the corresponding PCR tubes 126 to maintain a stable temperature inside the PCR tubes 126. In this embodiment, the four cap loading slots 128 are arranged in a row.

[0060] The reagent loading area 113 is equipped with reagent tubes for loading reagents. In this embodiment, the reagent tubes are arranged in two rows, with four tubes in each row. One row contains four PCR reagent tubes 129 for loading PCR reagents, and in the other row, one of the four tubes is an internal standard reagent tube 130 for loading internal standard solution, with the remaining tubes reserved. That is, the reagent tubes in this embodiment include internal standard reagent tubes 130 for loading internal standard solution and PCR reagent tubes 129 for loading PCR reagents, with each PCR reagent tube 129 corresponding to a PCR tube 126.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, there are four PCR tubes 126, and correspondingly, four second tip head storage tubes 125. In this embodiment, the sample storage tube 114, waste liquid storage tube 115, and proteinase K storage tube 116 are arranged in the first row along the X direction, with the sample storage tube 114 located between the waste liquid storage tube 115 and the proteinase K storage tube 116. There are three washing buffer storage tubes 120, arranged in the second row along the X direction along with one lysis buffer storage tube 117, with the three washing buffer storage tubes 120 adjacent to each other. The paraffin oil storage tube 118, diluent storage tube 119, elution buffer storage tube 121, and first tip head storage tube 124 are arranged in the third row along the X direction. Four second tip head storage tubes 125 are arranged in the fourth row along the X direction. Two rows of reagent tubes are arranged along the X direction in rows 5 and 6, respectively. The row containing the internal standard reagent tube 130 is arranged in row 5, and the row containing the PCR reagent tubes 129 is arranged in row 6. Of course, in some other embodiments, the row containing the internal standard reagent tube 130 can also be arranged in row 6, and the row containing the PCR reagent tubes 129 in row 5, which will not be elaborated further. In this embodiment, four PCR tubes 126 are arranged along the X direction in row 7, and four cap loading slots 128 are arranged along the X direction in row 8. Specifically, in some other embodiments, the four PCR tubes 126 can also be arranged in row 8, and the four cap loading slots 128 in row 7. In this embodiment, the second tip storage tube 125, the PCR reagent tube 129, and the cap loading slot 128 are all arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the PCR tube 126, and the corresponding second tip storage tube 125, PCR reagent tube 129, cap loading slot 128, and PCR tube 126 are located on the same straight line parallel to the Y direction, which facilitates the use of the tip for pipetting operations during nucleic acid extraction and PCR amplification.

[0062] like Figure 2-3As shown, the cartridge 100 of this embodiment includes a cartridge body 110 and a reagent plate 150. The cartridge body 110 has a nucleic acid extraction area 111, a PCR amplification area 112, and a reagent loading area 113, with the reagent loading area 113 located between the nucleic acid extraction area 111 and the PCR amplification area 112. Specifically, the reagent loading area 113 has a reagent plate mounting structure for detachably mounting the reagent plate 150, which allows the reagent plate 150 to be detachably mounted within the reagent loading area 113. Specifically, the reagent plate mounting structure can be implemented using various existing methods, such as using screws to fix the reagent plate 150 within the reagent loading area 113. In this embodiment, the reagent plate mounting structure is a first mounting groove 131 disposed within the reagent loading area 113. The first mounting groove 131 has a slot (not shown in the figure) for engaging with the reagent plate 150. The reagent plate 150 has a clip 141 that engages with the slot. Thus, through the engagement between the slot and the clip 141, the reagent plate 150 can be detachably mounted within the first mounting groove 131. Specifically, in this embodiment, reagent tubes are disposed on the reagent plate 150. After the reagent plate 150 is installed in the first mounting groove 131, the reagent tubes are fixed within the reagent loading area 113. The bottom of the first mounting groove 131 has first mounting holes 132 corresponding to the reagent tubes. In this embodiment, the first mounting holes 132 are arranged one-to-one with the reagent tubes, and the first mounting holes 132 are used to accommodate the corresponding reagent tubes. Of course, in some other embodiments, the first mounting hole 132 can be set to be large enough and there can only be one, so that the first mounting hole 132 can accommodate all the reagent tubes, which can also meet the requirements for mounting the reagent plate 150 and the reagent tubes. By separating the reagent plate 150 from the cartridge body 110 and placing the reagent tubes on the reagent plate 150, the reagent plate 150 and the reagents loaded in the reagent tubes can be replaced according to the actual testing requirements, which can effectively improve the versatility of the cartridge.

[0063] In this embodiment, a second mounting groove 133 is provided in the nucleic acid extraction area 111. The sample storage tube 114 and the waste liquid storage tube 115 are both set in the second mounting groove 133. A label plate 144 for marking the position of the sample storage tube 114 is installed on the second mounting groove 133. The label plate 144 is provided with through holes 134 and through holes 135 corresponding to the sample storage tube 114 and the waste liquid storage tube 115, respectively.

[0064] In this embodiment, the PCR amplification area 112 is provided with a downwardly recessed relief groove 136, and the PCR tube 126 is disposed at the bottom of the relief groove 136. In this embodiment, the bottom of the relief groove 136 is provided with a second mounting hole 137, and the PCR tube 126 is installed in the second mounting hole 137. Of course, in some other embodiments, the PCR tube 126 and the cartridge body 110 can also be integrated, that is, the PCR tube 126 can be integrally formed on the bottom of the relief groove 136. In this embodiment, the tube cap loading groove 128 is disposed at the bottom of the relief groove 136.

[0065] In this embodiment, the storage tubes, reagent tubes, PCR tubes 126, and cap loading slots 128 are arranged at equal intervals in the Y direction. That is, in this embodiment, the row spacing between any two adjacent rows of the 4 rows of storage tubes, 2 rows of reagent tubes, 1 row of PCR tubes 126, and 1 row of cap loading slots 128 is equal. The tip-head storage tube is located between the sample storage tube 114 and the reagent tube, and the minimum distance between the tip-head storage tube and the sample storage tube 114 in the Y direction satisfies:

[0066]

[0067] in, This represents the minimum distance between the tip head storage tube and the sample storage tube 114 in the Y direction. The spacing between two adjacent rows of storage tubes arranged along the Y direction; It is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and: when the cap loading slot 128 is set on the side of the PCR tube 126 opposite to the nucleic acid extraction area 111, This means that the minimum distance between the tip storage tube and the sample storage tube 114 in the Y direction must be greater than or equal to twice the row spacing; when the cap loading slot 128 is set on the side of the PCR tube 126 facing the nucleic acid extraction area 11, This means that the minimum distance between the tip storage tube and the sample storage tube 114 in the Y direction must be greater than or equal to one row spacing. This arrangement avoids interference between the capping plate and the cartridge during nucleic acid testing. In a preferred embodiment, the PCR tubes 126 are symmetrically arranged relative to a line passing through the center of the sample storage tube 114 and parallel to the Y direction; or, the center of the PCR tubes 126 falls on a line passing through the sample storage tube 114 and parallel to the Y direction. In this embodiment, four PCR tubes 126 are arranged in a row along the X direction, symmetrically arranged relative to a line passing through the center of the sample storage tube 114 and parallel to the Y direction. In other embodiments, such as when there is only one PCR tube 126, the center of the PCR tube 126 is positioned on a straight line passing through the sample storage tube 114 and parallel to the Y direction. If there are three PCR tubes 126, the center of the middle PCR tube 126 is positioned on a straight line passing through the sample storage tube 114 and parallel to the Y direction, while the two PCR tubes on either side are symmetrically positioned relative to the straight line passing through the center of the sample storage tube 114 and parallel to the Y direction. Thus, during PCR amplification, the capping plate can simultaneously press down all the PCR tube caps 127 mounted on the PCR tubes 126.

[0068] like Figure 3-4As shown, the cartridge 100 of this embodiment includes a cartridge body 110 and a reagent plate 150. The cartridge body 110 contains a nucleic acid extraction area 111, a PCR amplification area 112, and a reagent loading area 113, with the reagent loading area 113 located between the nucleic acid extraction area 111 and the PCR amplification area 112. Cartridge side plates 138 are provided on both sides of the cartridge body 110, and each side plate 138 has a clearance hole 139, within which a snap-fit ​​plate 140 is installed. The bottom of the snap-fit ​​plate 140 is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the corresponding cartridge side plate 138, and the snap-fit ​​plate 140 has an outwardly protruding snap-fit ​​clip 141. In this embodiment, the bottom of the snap-fit ​​plate 140 is integrally formed with the corresponding cartridge side plate 138. In a preferred embodiment of this example, the bottom surface of the snap-fit ​​clip 141 is provided with a guide slope 142. When the card holder body 110 is installed in the card holder mounting base, the engagement relationship between the guide slope 142 and the card holder mounting base can drive the snap-fit ​​plate 140 to gradually bend and deform inward, thereby installing the card holder body 110 in the card holder mounting base and preventing jamming. In a preferred embodiment of this example, the snap-fit ​​clip 141 is located in the middle of the snap-fit ​​plate 140, and an anti-slip structure 143 is provided on the upper outer surface of the snap-fit ​​plate 140. The anti-slip structure 143 can be implemented in various existing ways. In this embodiment, the anti-slip structure 143 is multiple anti-slip grooves or anti-slip strips provided on the snap-fit ​​plate 140. In this embodiment, the anti-slip grooves or anti-slip strips are parallel to the top surface of the card holder body. In other embodiments, the anti-slip grooves or anti-slip strips can also be staggered to form an anti-slip texture. By setting the anti-slip structure 143, when the card holder body 110 is removed from the card holder mounting base, the operator's hands apply inward force to the anti-slip structure 143, driving the snap-fit ​​plate 140 to bend and deform inward, thereby contacting the snap-fit ​​relationship between the card holder body 110 and the card holder mounting base, making it easy to remove the card holder body 110 from the card holder mounting base. The snap-fit ​​clip 141 can be implemented in various ways. In this embodiment, the snap-fit ​​clip 141 is set as one and elongated, and the length direction of the snap-fit ​​clip 141 is parallel to the top surface of the card holder body 110. Of course, in some other embodiments, multiple snap-fit ​​clips 141 can be set at intervals, and all snap-fit ​​clips 141 are located on a straight line parallel to the top surface of the card holder body 110.

[0069] like Figure 5-6As shown, the nucleic acid detection instrument in this embodiment includes a base, on which a base module 300 and a pipetting module 400 are mounted. Specifically, the base in this embodiment includes an upper base plate 201 and a lower base plate 202, with the lower base plate 202 located below the upper base plate 201. A support column 203 is provided between the upper base plate 201 and the lower base plate 202, forming a base space 204 between the base and the lower base plate 202. In this embodiment, a power supply assembly 205 is installed within the base space 204. A support frame 206 is mounted on the base, and a display screen assembly 207 is mounted on the support frame 206. Specifically, in this embodiment, both the base module 300 and the pipetting module 400 are mounted on the base. In this embodiment, there are two base modules 300, which can accommodate two cartridges 100 for nucleic acid detection.

[0070] The base module 300 in this embodiment includes a base assembly 310, an in-and-out chamber assembly 350, a PCR temperature control assembly 370, and a photoelectric module 390. The base assembly 310 is used to load the cartridge 100 and control the temperature during the nucleic acid extraction process. The in-and-out chamber assembly drives the base assembly to move horizontally between an out-of-chamber position and an in-chamber position to replace the cartridge 100. The PCR temperature control assembly is used to control the temperature during the PCR process.

[0071] like Figure 7-9As shown, the base assembly 310 of this embodiment includes a mounting base 311, on which a temperature control component for temperature control during nucleic acid extraction is provided. Above the temperature control component is a cartridge mounting seat 312 for mounting the cartridge 100. Specifically, the temperature control component of this embodiment includes a temperature control element 313 for adjusting the temperature and a heat dissipation component. The temperature control element 313 is provided with a temperature-regulating metal 314, and a heat well 315 is provided on the temperature-regulating metal 314. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation component is located below the temperature control element 313. In this embodiment, a temperature control chamber 317 is formed between the temperature control component and the bottom surface of the cartridge mounting seat 312. The heat well 315 is located inside the temperature control chamber 317. An upper opening 318 is provided on the top surface of the temperature control chamber 317. The upper opening 318 allows the sample storage tube 114 of the cartridge 100 to pass through and fall into the heat well 315, so as to use the heat well 315 to control the temperature of the sample storage tube 114 to meet the temperature control requirements of nucleic acid extraction. In this embodiment, to reduce the space of the temperature control chamber 317 and improve the accuracy and efficiency of temperature control, a temperature control groove 319 is provided on the bottom surface of the card holder mounting base 312, located above the heat well 315. The heat well 315 extends upward into the temperature control groove 319, and an upper opening 318 is provided on the top surface of the temperature control groove 319. In this embodiment, the temperature control groove 319 is formed by an upward recess from the bottom surface of the card holder mounting base 312. This allows for a smaller gap between the bottom surface of the card holder mounting base 312 and the temperature control component, thereby reducing the size of the temperature control chamber 317 and improving the accuracy and efficiency of temperature control during nucleic acid extraction. An RFID reader 323 is installed on the card holder mounting base 312 in this embodiment.

[0072] Specifically, the heat dissipation assembly 316 includes a heat sink 320, a temperature control element 313 mounted on the top surface of the heat sink 320, and a heat sink 321 provided on the bottom surface of the heat sink 320. Specifically, a temperature control mounting base 322 is mounted on the mounting base 311, and the gap between the heat sink 320 and the temperature control mounting base 322 forms a heat dissipation channel 324. In a preferred embodiment, the heat sink 3 is parallel to the heat dissipation channel 324 to improve heat dissipation efficiency. In a preferred embodiment, a mounting through hole 325 is provided between the bottom surface of the temperature control mounting groove and the mounting base 311, and a cooling fan 326 is installed in the mounting through hole 325 to increase the airflow velocity within the heat dissipation channel 324, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. In this embodiment, a card holder mounting base 312 is fixedly mounted on the heat sink 320, and a pressure block 327 for pressing and fixing the variable-temperature metal 314 onto the temperature control element 313 is mounted on the heat sink 320.

[0073] The base assembly in this embodiment also includes a magnetic attraction assembly, which includes two mounting arms 328 located on both sides of the hot well 315 and a magnetic guide assembly for driving the two mounting arms 328 to move vertically. Magnets 329 are mounted on each of the two mounting arms 328. The magnetic guide assembly in this embodiment includes a magnetic guide rod 330 located vertically, a magnetic slider 331 slidably mounted on the magnetic guide rod 330, and a magnetic control mechanism for controlling the movement of the magnetic slider 331 along the magnetic guide rod 330. Specifically, the magnetic control mechanism controls the movement of the magnetic slider 331 along the magnetic guide rod 330 and has two positioning points: a high position and a low position, with the high position located above the low position. Both mounting arms 328 are fixedly mounted on the magnetic slider 331 and move synchronously with the magnetic slider 331 along the vertical direction. When the magnetic slider 331 is in the low position, the magnet 329 does not generate magnetic force or generates a small magnetic force on the magnetic beads in the sample storage tube 114; when the magnetic slider 331 is in the high position, the magnet 329 generates a magnetic attraction effect on the magnetic beads in the sample storage tube 114. Furthermore, the magnetic control mechanism that controls the movement of the magnetic slider 331 along the magnetic guide rod 330 to control the position of the magnetic slider 331 can be implemented using various existing methods, such as a screw mechanism, a rack and pinion mechanism, and a synchronous belt mechanism. The magnetic control mechanism of this embodiment includes a magnetic return spring 332 sleeved on the magnetic guide rod 330 and a magnetic lever 333 for driving the magnetic slider 331 to move upward along the magnetic guide rod 330. In this embodiment, the magnetic return spring 332 is located between the magnetic slider 331 and the top of the magnetic guide rod 330 and applies a downward elastic force to the magnetic slider 331. In this embodiment, the middle part of the magnetic lever 333 is rotatably engaged with a fixed shaft 334. The magnetic slider 331 is provided with a horizontal groove 335. The first end of the magnetic lever 333 is provided with a mating shaft 336 corresponding to the horizontal groove 335. The mating shaft 336 can rotate relative to the magnetic slider 331 and can move along the horizontal groove 335. Thus, by driving the magnetic lever 333 to rotate, the mating shaft 336 and the horizontal groove 335 can be used to drive the magnetic slider 331 to move along the magnetic guide rod 330, thereby adjusting the position of the magnetic slider 331 on the magnetic guide rod 330, allowing the magnetic slider 331 to move between a high position and a low position along the magnetic guide rod 330.

[0074] The card holder mounting base 312 in this embodiment includes a base plate 337, and a temperature control slot 319 is disposed on the base plate 337. Two parallel base side plates 338 are provided on the base plate 337. The distance between the inner surfaces of the two base side plates 338 is equal to or slightly greater than the distance between the outer surfaces of the two card holder side plates 338. The base side plates 338 are provided with snap-fit ​​grooves or snap-fit ​​holes 339 that mate with snap-fit ​​clips 141. In this embodiment, the distance between the top surface of the snap-fit ​​groove or snap-fit ​​hole 339 and the base plate 337 is equal to or slightly greater than the distance between the top surface of the snap-fit ​​clip and the bottom surface of the card holder side plate, which can prevent the card holder 100 from loosening vertically after being installed in the card holder mounting base 312. In this embodiment, the base side plates 338 are provided with snap-fit ​​holes 339 that mate with snap-fit ​​clips 141. Figure 10-12 The diagram shown illustrates the process of removing the card holder 100 from the card holder mounting base 312.

[0075] like Figure 13 As shown, the entry / exit assembly 350 includes an entry / exit track 351 mounted on a base, an entry / exit slider 352 slidably engaged with the entry / exit track 351, a base mounting plate 353 mounted on the entry / exit slider 352, and a base assembly 310 mounted on the base mounting plate 353. The base is provided with an entry / exit drive mechanism for driving the entry / exit slider 352 to move along the entry / exit track 351 between an exit position and an entry position. In this embodiment, the entry / exit drive mechanism includes an entry / exit drive motor 354 and two synchronous pulleys 355 located at both ends of the entry / exit track 351. A synchronous belt 356 is provided between the two synchronous pulleys 355, and the synchronous belt 356 is fixedly connected to the entry / exit slider 352. The entry / exit drive motor 354 is drive-connected to one of the synchronous pulleys 355. In this embodiment, the entry / exit drive motor 354 is drive-connected to a synchronous pulley 355 located at the rear end of the entry / exit track 351. In this embodiment, the entry and exit tracks 351 are set as two parallel tracks, and the entry and exit slider 352 slides with the two entry and exit tracks 351.

[0076] like Figure 14-15As shown, the entry / exit assembly of this embodiment also includes a hatch assembly. Specifically, the hatch assembly includes a hatch 357 located at the front end of the entry / exit track 351 and a hatch reset mechanism for opening and resetting the hatch 357 and keeping it in a normally closed state. The hatch 357 is hinged to the base. When the entry / exit slider 352 is in the exit position, the hatch 357 rotates and opens under the action of the base mounting plate 353; when the entry / exit slider 352 is in the entry position, the hatch 357 closes under the action of the reset mechanism. Specifically, a double-hinged connecting rod 358 is provided between the hatch 357 and the base. The first end of the double-hinged connecting rod 358 is hinged to the hatch 357 through a first hinge shaft, and the second end is hinged to the base through a second hinge shaft. In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, a reinforcing plate 359 is provided below the base mounting plate 353, and the front end of the reinforcing plate 359 has an upwardly bent section 360 located in front of the base mounting plate 353. Specifically, the front side of the bent section 360 is designed as a transition surface that smoothly transitions to the bottom surface of the reinforcing plate 359, or the front side of the bent section 360 is provided with a transition slope. Comparing the acute angle between the transition slope and the horizontal plane, when the transition slope is provided in at least two segments, the angle between the upper transition slope and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle between the lower transition slope and the horizontal plane in any two adjacent transition slopes. In this embodiment, the front side of the bent section 360 is provided with a transition slope, and the transition slope is provided in two segments. In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft are respectively provided with a first roller 361 and a second roller 362 that roll in cooperation with the front side of the bent section 360 and the bottom surface of the reinforcing plate 359 to reduce resistance. The hatch reset mechanism of this embodiment includes a hatch reset spring 363, which is connected to the lower end of the hatch 357 and applies a spring force to close the hatch 357. Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper end of the hatch return spring 363 is connected to the lower end of the hatch 357, and the lower end of the hatch return spring 363 is fixedly connected to the lower base plate 202. To ensure that the hatch return spring 363 applies the spring force required to close the hatch 357, it is necessary to ensure that the axis of the hatch return spring 363 is always located behind the first hinge axis and the second hinge axis throughout the entire opening and closing process of the hatch 357. To meet this condition, this embodiment provides a bent connecting section 364 at the lower end of the hatch 357, and the upper end of the hatch return spring 363 is connected to the bent connecting section 364. Specifically, when the hatch 357 is closed, it cooperates with the support frame 206.

[0077] like Figure 16-18As shown, the PCR temperature control assembly 370 includes a PCR temperature control unit 371 and a temperature control drive assembly for driving the PCR temperature control unit 371 to move vertically between a clearance position and a temperature control position. The temperature control drive assembly drives the PCR temperature control unit 371 to move vertically and has two positioning points: a clearance position and a temperature control position. The clearance position is located below the temperature control position. When the PCR temperature control unit 371 is in the clearance position, the PCR temperature control unit 371 is misaligned with the cartridge 100 mounted on the base assembly 310, and there is no interference between them, i.e., it does not affect the entry and exit movement of the base assembly 310. Figure 19 As shown; when the PCR temperature control unit 371 is in the temperature control position, the PCR temperature control unit 371 controls the temperature of the PCR tube 126 in the cartridge 100, as follows. Figure 20 As shown. In this embodiment, the PCR temperature control unit 371 includes a PCR temperature control element 372 and a PCR heat dissipation assembly. A PCR temperature-regulating metal 373 is disposed above the PCR temperature control element 372. PCR heat wells 374 are provided on the PCR temperature-regulating metal 373, corresponding one-to-one with the PCR tubes 126 of the cartridge 100. The PCR heat dissipation assembly is disposed below the PCR temperature control element 372. Specifically, the PCR heat dissipation assembly includes a heat sink 375 and a heat dissipation channel 376 located below the heat sink 375. A heat sink 377 is disposed at the bottom of the heat sink 375, and a cooling fan 377a for accelerating airflow is also disposed within the heat dissipation channel 376.

[0078] The temperature control drive assembly of this embodiment includes a fixed plate 378, on which a vertically oriented lifting rail 379 is provided. A lifting slider 380 is mounted on the lifting rail 379 and is fixedly connected to a temperature control unit 371. A lifting motor 381 is also mounted on the fixed plate 378. A lead screw 382 is drivenly connected to the output shaft of the lifting motor 381. The lead screw 382 is parallel to the lifting rail 379. A lifting seat 383 is fixedly connected to the temperature control unit 371, and the lifting seat 383 is threadedly engaged with the lead screw 382.

[0079] In this embodiment, the PCR temperature control unit 371 is provided with a drive arm 384, which is used to contact and engage with the second end of the magnetic lever 333 to drive the magnetic lever 333 to rotate around the fixed axis 334. In a preferred embodiment, the drive arm 384 is equipped with a drive wheel 385 for contacting and engaging with the magnetic lever 333. In order to use the drive arm 384 to drive the magnetic slider to move between the high position and the low position, this embodiment sets a positioning point located below the avoidance position on the path of the temperature control drive assembly driving the PCR temperature control unit 371 to move in the vertical direction, and names this positioning point the magnetic position. Specifically, when the PCR temperature control unit 371 moves between the magnetic suction position and the clearance position, the drive arm 384 engages with the magnetic suction lever 333. The vertical movement of the PCR temperature control unit 371 between the magnetic suction position and the clearance position drives the magnetic slider 331 to move between the high and low positions. When the PCR temperature control unit 371 moves between the clearance position and the temperature control position, the drive arm 384 disengages from the magnetic suction lever 333, meaning that the magnetic slider 331 remains stationary during the movement of the PCR temperature control unit 371 between the clearance position and the temperature control position. When the PCR temperature control unit 371 is in the magnetic suction position, the magnet 329 is in the high position, such as... Figure 21 As shown; when the PCR temperature control unit 371 is in the clearance position, the magnet 329 is in the low position, as... Figure 22 As shown.

[0080] A drive arm 384 is provided on the PCR temperature control unit 371, and the drive arm 384 is engaged with the second end of the magnetic suction lever 333, so that while driving the PCR temperature control unit 371 to move up and down, the magnetic suction component can also be driven to move. Specifically, when the PCR temperature control unit 371 moves between the magnetic attraction position and the clearance position, the drive arm 384 engages with the magnetic lever 333, which drives the magnet 329 to move along the magnetic guide rod 330. When the PCR temperature control unit 371 moves between the clearance position and the temperature control position, the drive arm 384 disengages from the magnetic lever 333. That is, the clearance position of the PCR temperature control unit 371 is the critical position for the engagement between the drive arm 384 and the magnetic lever 333. When the PCR temperature control unit 371 is in the clearance position, it can both disengage and engage with the drive arm 384 and the magnetic lever 333, and also allow the PCR temperature control unit 371 and the cartridge 100 mounted on the base assembly 310 to be vertically misaligned, preventing interference with the entry and exit of the base assembly 310. When the movement causes interference, the drive arm 384 will not apply force to the magnetic lever 333, and the magnet 329 will be in a low position. The magnet 329 will not exert a magnetic force on the magnetic beads in the sample or the magnetic force it exerts will be small. When nucleic acid extraction is performed on the sample, the PCR temperature control unit 371 moves to the magnetic position, and the magnetic lever 333 drives the magnet 329 to move to a high position, exerting a magnetic force on the magnetic beads in the sample. When PCR amplification is performed, the PCR temperature control unit 371 moves to the temperature control position, achieving the technical purpose of temperature control of the PCR tube 126 set in the cartridge 100 to meet the PCR amplification requirements. That is, this embodiment realizes the linkage control between the PCR temperature control component 370 and the base component 310, which can not only meet the requirements of nucleic acid extraction and PCR amplification, but also simplify the mechanism.

[0081] like Figure 23As shown, an excitation optical fiber 391 and a receiving optical fiber 392 are respectively provided between the photoelectric module 390 and each PCR hot well 374. The PCR temperature control unit 371 is provided with an optical fiber positioning component 386 for positioning the excitation optical fiber 391 and the receiving optical fiber 392. Specifically, the photoelectric module 390 in this embodiment includes a photoelectric mounting base 393 fixedly mounted on a base. The photoelectric mounting base 393 is provided with an optical fiber connection plate 394 and a photoelectric detector 395. The optical fiber connection plate 394 is provided with a set of optical fiber connection ports corresponding to each PCR hot well 374. The photoelectric detector moves along the optical fiber connection plate 394 and excites and receives optical signals respectively for the excitation optical fiber 391 and the receiving optical fiber 392 corresponding to the same PCR hot well 374. Specifically, the photoelectric mounting base 393 is provided with a photoelectric detection driving component 396 for driving the photoelectric detector 395 to move along the optical fiber connection plate 394. The photoelectric detection drive assembly 396 is a linear drive mechanism, which can be implemented in various existing ways. In this embodiment, the photoelectric detection drive assembly 396 adopts a threaded screw mechanism.

[0082] like Figure 24-27The pipetting module 400 of this embodiment includes a pipetting support frame 401, on which a pipetting unit is mounted. Each pipetting unit corresponds to one of the base modules 300. In this embodiment, there are two base modules 300, meaning there are also two pipetting units. The pipetting unit of this embodiment includes a horizontal track seat 402 fixedly mounted on the pipetting support frame 401. A horizontal track 403 is provided on the horizontal track seat 402, and a horizontal slider 404, which slides along the horizontal track 403, is mounted thereon. A tip replacement assembly is mounted on the horizontal slider 404. The tip replacement assembly of this embodiment includes a track seat 405 fixedly mounted on the horizontal slider 404. A vertical track 406 is provided on the track seat 405, and a movable seat 407, which slides along the vertical track 406, is mounted thereon. That is, the movable seat 407 in this embodiment can move vertically relative to the track seat 405. A connecting gun 408 is mounted on the movable seat 407, and in this embodiment, the connecting gun 408 is located in the vertical direction. The lower end of the connecting gun 408 is provided with a connecting gun head for engaging with the tip, and the connecting gun head is provided with at least one protruding ring 409 for interference fit with the tip. In this embodiment, the connecting gun head is provided with two protruding rings 409. The movable base 407 in this embodiment is provided with a mounting through hole 410, and the connecting gun 408 is fixedly installed in the mounting through hole 410. Specifically, the top of the mounting through hole 410 is provided with a clamping connector 411 that engages with it, and the connecting gun 408 is clamped and fixed in the mounting through hole 410 by the clamping connector 411. Specifically, in this embodiment, the horizontal track 403 is located in the X direction and is perpendicular to the inlet / outlet chamber track 351, that is, the inlet / outlet chamber track 351 in this embodiment is located in the Y direction, and the vertical track 406 is located in the Z direction. In this way, under the combined action of the pipetting unit and the inlet / outlet chamber assembly, the connecting gun 408 can be driven to move relative to the base assembly in the X, Y, and Z directions to meet the transfer requirements of samples, reagents, and other liquids in the nucleic acid extraction and PCR amplification process.

[0083] In this embodiment, a tip pick-up and drop control assembly is provided between the connecting gun 408 and the movable base 407. Specifically, the tip pick-up and drop control assembly includes a gun head sleeve 412, a pick-up and drop control mechanism, and a telescopic rod 433. Specifically, the gun head sleeve 412 is fitted over the connecting gun 408 and is used for limiting the engagement of the tip. The pick-up and drop control mechanism guides the gun head sleeve 412 to move vertically and moves the gun head sleeve 412 to its lowest position relative to the connecting gun 408, reaching or below the connecting gun head, thereby unloading the tip loaded on the connecting gun head. Specifically, the pick-up and drop control mechanism includes a guide rod 413 parallel to the connecting gun 408, and the gun head sleeve 412 moves synchronously with the guide rod 413. Specifically, the gun head sleeve 412 is provided with a connecting base 414, and the guide rod 413 is fixedly connected to the connecting base 414. In this embodiment, the movable base 407 is provided with a guide through hole 415 that slides with the guide rod 413. The upper end of the guide rod 413 extends out of the guide through hole 415, and the upper end of the guide rod 413 is provided with a limiting structure 416 that limits the movable base 407. Thus, when the connecting gun 408 is equipped with a tip, the assembly force of the interference fit between the tip and the connecting gun 408 provides support for the gun head sleeve 412. At this time, the lower end of the gun head sleeve 412 is limited by the tip, and the gun head sleeve 412 also has the ability to continue to move downward relative to the connecting gun 408. The gun head sleeve 412 is provided with a limiting groove 417. In this embodiment, the limiting groove 417 is located in the vertical direction. The telescopic rod 433 is installed on the track base 405. When the telescopic rod 433 extends, it can be inserted into the limiting groove 417, and when it retracts, it is located outside the limiting groove 417. In this embodiment, the telescopic rod 433 is an electromagnetic telescopic rod, and the limiting groove 417 is set in the connecting seat 414.

[0084] Thus, when the tip head needs to be unloaded, the telescopic rod 433 extends and enters the limiting groove 417, driving the moving seat 407 to move upward along the vertical track 406. Under the limiting engagement between the tip head sleeve 412 and the tip head, the tip head sleeve 412 first moves upward together with the connecting gun 408. When the telescopic rod 433 is engaged with the lower end of the limiting groove 417, the tip head sleeve 412 can no longer move upward. At this time, the connecting gun 408 continues to be driven upward, and the tip head sleeve 412 moves downward relative to the connecting gun 408, while overcoming the assembly force between the tip head and the connecting gun 408, so that the tip head is detached from the connecting gun head, thereby achieving the purpose of unloading the tip. After the tip head is unloaded, the telescopic rod 433 retracts to the outside of the limiting groove 417. At this time, the tip head sleeve 412 continues to move downward relative to the connecting gun 408 under the action of gravity until the guide rod 413 is engaged with the moving seat 407.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, a compression spring 418 is provided between the guide rod 413 and the movable seat 407 to apply a downward elastic force to the guide rod 413. Thus, when a tip is mounted on the connecting gun 408, the interference fit between the tip and the connecting gun 408 not only supports the gun head sleeve 412 but also compresses the compression spring 418. After the tip is unloaded from the connecting gun 408, the gun head sleeve 412 continues to move downward relative to the connecting gun 408 under the influence of gravity and the elastic force of the compression spring 418 until the guide rod 413 and the movable seat 407 are in a limited engagement. Specifically, in this embodiment, the guide rod 413 has a small-diameter guide rod section 413a at its upper end and a large-diameter guide rod section 413b at its lower end. The outer diameter of the large-diameter guide rod section 413b is larger than the outer diameter of the small-diameter guide rod section 413a. The compression spring 418 is installed between the movable seat 407 and the large-diameter guide rod section 413b. In this embodiment, the guide hole 415 has a large-diameter guide hole section 415a at its lower end and a small-diameter guide hole section 415b at its upper end. The inner diameter of the large-diameter guide hole section 415a is larger than the inner diameter of the small-diameter guide hole section 415b. The large-diameter guide hole section 415a mates with the large-diameter guide rod section 413b, and the small-diameter guide rod section 413a mates with the small-diameter guide hole section 415b and extends upward above the small-diameter guide hole section 415b. A limiting structure 416 is provided on the small-diameter guide rod section 413a, and a compression spring 418 is installed inside the large-diameter guide hole section 415a.

[0086] Specifically, the pipetting unit also includes a pipetting drive assembly for driving the movable seat 407 to move. The pipetting drive assembly includes a horizontal drive mechanism for driving the horizontal slider 404 to move along the horizontal track 403 and a vertical drive mechanism for driving the movable seat 407 to move along the vertical track 406. Specifically, in this embodiment, both the horizontal and vertical drive mechanisms employ threaded screw mechanisms. Specifically, the horizontal drive mechanism includes a first screw 419 parallel to the horizontal track 403 and a first motor 420 drivenly connected to the first screw 419; the horizontal slider 404 is threadedly engaged with the first screw 419. The vertical drive mechanism includes a second screw 421 parallel to the vertical track 406 and a second motor 422 drivenly connected to the second screw 421; the movable seat 407 is threadedly engaged with the second screw 421. Specifically, in this embodiment, an optical coupler sensor 423 for detecting the position of the movable seat 407 in the vertical direction is installed on the horizontal track seat 402, and a light-blocking plate 424 that cooperates with the optical coupler sensor 423 is installed on the movable seat 407.

[0087] The principle of the tip pick-up and drop control component in this embodiment is as follows: By setting up the tip pick-up and drop control component, and by setting a gun head sleeve 412 on the connecting gun 408 to limit the tip, the pick-up and drop control mechanism guides the gun head sleeve 412 to move vertically. The lowest position of the gun head sleeve 412 relative to the connecting gun 408 reaches or is below the connecting gun head, thereby unloading the tip loaded on the connecting gun head. At the same time, the limiting cooperation between the telescopic rod 433 and the limiting groove 417 of the gun head sleeve 412 drives the gun head sleeve 412 to move relative to the connecting gun 408. Thus, when it is necessary to unload the tip, the telescopic rod 433 is controlled to extend and enter the limiting groove 417, driving the moving seat 407 to move upward along the vertical track. Under the limiting cooperation between the gun head sleeve 412 and the tip, the gun head... The sleeve 412 moves upward together with the connecting gun 408. When the telescopic rod 433 is engaged with the lower end of the limiting groove 417, the sleeve 412 can no longer move upward. At this time, the connecting gun 408 is driven to move upward, and the sleeve 412 moves downward relative to the connecting gun 408, overcoming the assembly force between the tip head and the connecting gun 408, so that the tip head is disengaged from the connecting gun head, thereby achieving the purpose of unloading the tip. After the tip head is unloaded, the telescopic rod 433 is controlled to retract outside the limiting groove 417. At this time, the sleeve 412 continues to move downward relative to the connecting gun 408 under the action of gravity until the guide rod 413 is engaged with the moving seat 407. When loading the tip, the connecting gun 408 is directly inserted into the corresponding tip head, and the tip head is loaded onto the connecting gun by utilizing the interference fit between the connecting gun head and the tip head.

[0088] In this embodiment, a cap clamping plate 425 is installed on the movable base 407. The cap clamping plate 425 is used to press the caps 127 loaded in the PCR tubes 126 during the PCR process. Specifically, the cap clamping plate 425 in this embodiment includes a horizontally oriented pressure plate 425a, and connecting plates 425b are respectively provided at both ends of the pressure plate 425a. The connecting plates 425b are fixedly connected to the movable base 407. In this embodiment, the area of ​​the pressure plate 425a covers the projected area of ​​all PCR tubes 126 on the horizontal plane, that is, the pressure plate 425a can press down all the caps 127 loaded in the PCR tubes 126 at once.

[0089] In this embodiment, the distance between the geometric center of the capping plate 425a and the axis of the connecting gun 408 is equal to the distance between the sample storage tube 114 and the PCR tube 126 in the cartridge 100. Referring to the foregoing description of the cartridge 100 in this embodiment, the PCR amplification area 112 of the cartridge 100 is provided with a downwardly recessed clearance groove 136, and both the PCR tube 126 and the cap loading groove 128 are disposed within the clearance groove 136. During the process of transferring liquid using the tip, the height of the capping plate 425a will be lower than the top surface of the cartridge 100 only when the tip is transferring liquid at the sample storage tube 114 and when loading or unloading the tip. Figures 28-30 As shown. That is, without corresponding adjustments, when the tip transfers liquid at the sample storage tube 114 and during loading or unloading of the tip, the capping plate 425a will interfere with the cartridge 100. This embodiment achieves the technical purpose of avoiding interference with the capping plate 425a by providing a downwardly recessed clearance groove 136 within the PCR amplification area 112 of the cartridge 100. In this embodiment, among the 4 rows of storage tubes, 2 rows of reagent tubes, 1 row of PCR tubes 126, and 1 row of cap loading slots 128, the row spacing between any two adjacent rows is equal, the tip storage tube is located between the sample storage tube 114 and the reagent tube, and the minimum distance between the tip storage tube and the sample storage tube 114 in the Y direction satisfies:

[0090]

[0091] in, This represents the minimum distance between the tip head storage tube and the sample storage tube 114 in the Y direction. The spacing between two adjacent rows of storage tubes arranged along the Y direction; It is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and: when the cap loading slot 128 is set on the side of the PCR tube 126 opposite to the nucleic acid extraction area 111, This means that the minimum distance between the tip storage tube and the sample storage tube 114 in the Y direction must be greater than or equal to twice the row spacing. Thus, when the tip is inside the sample storage tube 114, the capping plate 425a is directly above the PCR tube 126. Due to the clearance effect of the clearance groove 136, the capping plate 425a will not interfere with the cartridge 100. Figure 29 As shown; when the connector 408 loads or unloads the tip head, since the minimum distance between the tip head storage tube and the sample storage tube 114 in the Y direction is greater than or equal to 1 row spacing, the pressure plate 425a is located outside the rear end of the cartridge 100 and will not interfere with the cartridge 100. Figure 28 As shown. Similarly, when the cap loading slot 128 is positioned on the side of the PCR tube 126 facing the nucleic acid extraction area 11, This means that the minimum distance between the tip head storage tube and the sample storage tube 114 in the Y direction must be greater than or equal to 1 row spacing. Thus, when the tip head is located inside the sample storage tube 114, the capping plate 425a is located directly above the PCR tube 126. With the clearance of the clearance groove 136, the capping plate 425a will not interfere with the cartridge 100. When the connector gun 408 loads or unloads the tip head, since the minimum distance between the tip head storage tube and the sample storage tube 114 in the Y direction is greater than or equal to 1 row spacing, the capping plate 425a is located outside the rear end of the cartridge 100 and will not interfere with the cartridge 100.

[0092] The pipetting unit in this embodiment also includes a pipetting tubing system. Specifically, the connecting gun 408 has a central through-hole 426, and the pipetting tubing system is connected to the central through-hole 426. The pipetting tubing system in this embodiment includes a plunger pump 427 and a three-way solenoid valve 428. Of the three ports of the three-way solenoid valve 428, the first port is connected to the plunger pump 427, the second port has an air filter 429 that communicates with the atmosphere, and the third port is connected to the central through-hole 426 by a pipetting connecting tube 430. The pipetting connecting tube 430 is connected to a clamping connector 411, and a pressure detection tube 431 is connected to the pipetting connecting tube 430. A pressure sensor 432 is connected to the pressure detection tube 431.

[0093] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments provided to fully illustrate the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A pipetting module, characterized by: The pipette support frame is provided with at least one pipette unit, the pipette unit comprises a horizontal rail, a horizontal slider is slidably connected to the horizontal rail, a tip head replacement assembly is mounted on the horizontal slider, the tip head replacement assembly comprises a rail seat fixedly connected to the horizontal slider, a moving seat is arranged on the rail seat and can move along the vertical direction, a connecting gun is mounted on the moving seat, the connecting gun is located in the vertical direction, and a lower end of the connecting gun is provided with a connecting gun head for cooperating with a tip head; A tip head taking and placing control assembly is arranged between the connecting gun and the moving seat, the tip head taking and placing control assembly comprises a gun head sleeve, an extension rod and a taking and placing control mechanism, the gun head sleeve is sleeved on the connecting gun and is used for limiting cooperation with the tip head, the taking and placing control mechanism is used for guiding the gun head sleeve to move along the vertical direction, and the lowest position of the gun head sleeve relative to the connecting gun reaches the connecting gun head or below the connecting gun head, a limiting groove is arranged on the gun head sleeve, and the extension rod is mounted on the rail seat and can extend into the limiting groove.

2. The pipetting module of claim 1, wherein: At least one convex ring for interference cooperation with the tip head is arranged on the connecting gun head.

3. The pipetting module of claim 1, wherein: The taking and placing control mechanism comprises a guide rod parallel to the connecting gun, and the gun head sleeve moves synchronously with the guide rod, a guide through hole is arranged on the moving seat and slidably cooperates with the guide rod, and a limiting structure is arranged on the upper end of the guide rod and limits cooperation with the moving seat. A compression spring is arranged between the guide rod and the moving seat and applies a downward elastic force to the guide rod.

4. The pipetting module of claim 3, wherein: The upper end of the guide rod is provided with a small-diameter guide rod section, and the lower end is provided with a large-diameter guide rod section, the outer diameter of the large-diameter guide rod section is larger than that of the small-diameter guide rod section, the compression spring is mounted between the moving seat and the large-diameter guide rod section, the lower end of the guide through hole is provided with a large-diameter guide hole section, and the upper end is provided with a small-diameter guide hole section, the inner diameter of the large-diameter guide hole section is larger than that of the small-diameter guide hole section, the large-diameter guide hole section cooperates with the large-diameter guide rod section, the small-diameter guide rod section cooperates with the small-diameter guide hole section and extends upwardly out of the small-diameter guide hole section, the limiting structure is arranged on the small-diameter guide rod section, and the compression spring is mounted in the large-diameter guide hole section.

5. The pipetting module of claim 3, wherein: A connecting seat is arranged on the gun head sleeve, the guide rod is fixedly connected to the connecting seat, and the limiting groove is arranged in the connecting seat.

6. The pipetting module of claim 1, wherein: A photoelectric sensor is mounted on the rail seat and is used for detecting the position of the moving seat, and a light blocking plate is mounted on the moving seat and cooperates with the photoelectric sensor.

7. The pipetting module of claim 1, wherein: A tube cap pressing plate is mounted on the moving seat and is used for pressing the tube cap loaded in the PCR tube. The tube cap pressing plate comprises a pressing cover plate in the horizontal direction, two connecting plates are arranged at the two ends of the pressing cover plate respectively, the connecting plates are fixedly connected to the moving seat, and the distance between the geometric center of the pressing cover plate and the axis of the connecting gun is equal to the distance between the sample storage tube and the PCR tube in the nucleic acid detection card box.

8. The pipetting module of claim 1, wherein: The connecting gun is provided with a center through hole; the pipetting unit further comprises a pipetting pipeline system connected with the center through hole.

9. The pipetting module of claim 8, characterized in that: The pipetting pipeline system comprises a plunger pump and a three-way electromagnetic valve, among three connection ports of the three-way electromagnetic valve, the first connection port is connected with the plunger pump, the second connection port is provided with an air filter and is communicated with the atmosphere, and the third connection port is provided with a pipetting connecting pipe between the center through hole, the pipetting connecting pipe is connected with an air pressure detection pipe, and the air pressure detection pipe is connected with an air pressure sensor.

10. A nucleic acid detector, characterized by: The bottom plate is provided with an in-out warehouse driving mechanism for driving the in-out warehouse sliding block to move along the in-out warehouse track between the out-cabin position and the in-cabin position.

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