Charging device

Abstract

The invention discloses charging equipment, and relates to the technical field of charging. The charging equipment comprises a pile body, the pile body is provided with a device cavity, the pile body is detachably connected with the electric vehicle through a pipeline, and the electric vehicle is provided with a battery cavity; the charging power device is arranged in the device cavity; the heat management module is communicated with the device cavity to form a device heat exchange branch, insulation heat exchange fluid of the heat management module flows in the device heat exchange branch and fills the device cavity, and the heat management module is further constructed to be communicated with the battery cavity to form a battery heat exchange branch under the condition that the pile body is connected with the electric vehicle; and the insulating heat exchange fluid flows in the battery heat exchange branch and is charged into the battery cavity. According to the invention, a thermal management function is provided for the battery pack and the charging pile on the electric vehicle, so that the fast charging speed can be further improved.

Description

[0001] This invention is a divisional application of a patent application with an application date of September 25, 2024, an application number of 202411338527.5, and an invention name of “Charging Device”. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a charging device. Background Art

[0003] With the popularization of electric vehicles such as new energy vehicles, eVTOL (Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing), and new energy ships that use electricity as the main power source, charging equipment such as charging piles are playing an increasingly important role and have increasingly higher indicators, such as the continuous improvement of charging speed requirements.

[0004] In the related art, when the charging pile is rapidly charging the battery pack of an electric vehicle, the battery pack and the power devices of the charging pile itself will generate a large amount of heat, thereby affecting the charging speed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a charging device, aiming to solve the technical problem in the related art that both the battery pack and the charging pile itself generate a lot of heat and affect the charging speed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a charging device, the charging device comprising:

[0007] A pile body, the pile body having a device cavity, the pile body being detachably connected to the electric vehicle through a pipeline, and the electric vehicle having a battery cavity;

[0008] A charging power device, the charging power device is disposed in the device cavity; and

[0009] A thermal management module, the thermal management module is connected to the device cavity to form a device heat exchange branch, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid of the thermal management module can flow in the device heat exchange branch and be filled into the device cavity, and the thermal management module is also constructed to be connected to the battery cavity to form a battery heat exchange branch when the pile body and the electric vehicle are connected by a pipeline, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid can flow in the battery heat exchange branch and be filled into the battery cavity; the thermal management module includes a main circuit, the device heat exchange branch and the battery heat exchange branch are connected in parallel and then in series to the main circuit to form a circulation loop; or, the device heat exchange branch, the battery heat exchange branch and the main circuit are connected in series to form a circulation loop.

[0010] The thermal management module of the technical solution of the present invention is not only connected to the device cavity where the charging power device is installed to form a device heat exchange branch, but can also be connected to the battery cavity in the electric vehicle to form a battery heat exchange branch, so that in the process of charging the electric vehicle, the charging power device in the device cavity can be immersed in cooling through the insulating heat exchange fluid, and the battery cells in the battery pack can also be immersed in cooling, thereby providing thermal management functions for the battery pack and the charging pile itself, so as to support higher power charging, thereby further improving the fast charging speed.

[0011] In addition, the insulating heat exchange fluid can also perform immersion cooling on the wire core and charging terminals. Compared with air cooling and liquid cooling, the heat dissipation area is larger and the heat dissipation effect is better, so the charging equipment can support a greater charging power.

[0012] In addition, the filler of the charging gun cable is constructed as a cable filling module made of phase change material, and a fluid pipeline for the circulation of coolant is also provided in the cable phase change module. In the process of the coolant flowing through the fluid pipeline, the coolant can cool the cable phase change module, thereby improving the heat storage capacity of the cable phase change module, so that the cable phase change module can absorb more heat emitted by the core. That is, under the same cross-sectional area, the temperature rise of the charging gun cable is smaller. In this way, under the premise that the charging power of the charging gun is determined, that is, the heat generation is determined, the cooling purpose of the charging gun cable can be achieved by a smaller amount of phase change material, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the charging gun cable and reducing the weight of the charging gun cable. In other words, charging gun cables with the same outer diameter or weight can support higher power charging. In addition, the phase change material of the charging gun cable is arranged in sections, which significantly reduces the weight of the cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 A connection diagram of the charging device provided by the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a charging device provided by the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of a charging device provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4A schematic diagram of another embodiment of a charging device provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connection between the charging device provided by the present invention and the electric vehicle;

[0019] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a charging gun in a charging device provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a charging gun cable in a charging device provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a pipeline of an embodiment of a charging gun cable in a charging device provided by the present invention;

[0022] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of fluid flow in another embodiment of a charging gun in a charging device provided by the present invention;

[0023] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a pipeline of another embodiment of a charging gun cable in the charging device provided by the present invention.

[0024] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0025] 01. Device heat exchange branch; 02. Battery heat exchange branch; 10. Insulated heat exchange fluid; 11. First three-way pipe; 12. Second three-way pipe; 100. Charging device; 110. Pile body; 111. Device cavity; 1111. First device hole; 1112. Second device hole; 112. Pile end interface; 120. Charging power device; 130. Thermal management module; 130a. First thermal management submodule; 130b. Second thermal management submodule; 131. Medium storage box; 1311. Medium return pipe; 132. Pump; 133. Heat exchanger; 1331. Medium pump outlet pipe; 140. Inflating branch; 141. Gas storage device; 142. Gas circuit valve; 150. Charging gun; 151. Charging gun head; 1511. Gun head body; 1512, charging terminal; 1511a, liquid outlet cooling cavity; 1511b, liquid inlet cooling cavity; 1513, fluid interface; 1514, fluid flow channel; 152, charging gun cable; 1521, wire core group; 1522, protective layer; 1523, cable phase change module; 1523a, second sub-phase change body; 1523b, third sub-phase change body; 1524, fluid pipeline; 1524a, liquid outlet pipe; 1524b, liquid inlet pipe; 1525a, first cable cooling channel; 1525b, second cable cooling channel; 1511c, gun head cooling cavity; 160, medium channel cable; 200, electric vehicle; 210, battery cavity; 211, first battery cavity hole; 212, second battery cavity hole; 220, battery cell.

[0026] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0029] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0030] With the popularity of battery-powered electric vehicles such as new energy vehicles, eVTOL, and new energy ships, charging piles and other charging equipment have become increasingly important and have higher and higher indicators as battery charging equipment. Specifically, the demand for fast charging of electric vehicles is increasing, and the power of a single charging pile gun is getting higher and higher, which means that the weight and size of charging piles and charging guns are also increasing with the power.

[0031] In order to solve the problem of size and weight of charging piles and charging guns, the following technical routes exist in related technologies: First, a high-voltage system is used to increase the voltage at the same power to reduce the charging current, which can reduce the size of components such as cables and charging gun heads to reduce weight and volume. The second is to use liquid-cooled charging piles. Compared with air-cooled charging piles, liquid-cooled charging piles have higher heat exchange efficiency and smaller volume. In addition, the charging gun and charging gun cable also use liquid cooling technology, which can achieve small size and output greater power.

[0032] However, when charging an electric vehicle, especially during fast charging, the battery pack of the electric vehicle will also generate a large amount of heat during the fast charging process, which will have a significant impact on the battery temperature state and thermal management efficiency. Therefore, how to dissipate the heat from the battery pack and the power devices that generate heat in the charging pile itself during charging using the charging equipment has become a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve.

[0033] To this end, the present application provides a solution, in which the charging equipment performs immersion cooling on the charging power device 120 in the device cavity 111 through an insulating heat exchange fluid 10, while providing immersion cooling for the battery pack, thereby providing thermal management functions for the battery pack and the charging pile itself to support higher power charging, thereby achieving faster charging.

[0034] The technical concept of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with some specific embodiments.

[0035] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a charging device 100, which is used to charge an electric vehicle 200. The electric vehicle 200 has a battery cavity 210, and an insulating heat exchange fluid 10 can be introduced into the battery cavity 210 to provide immersion cooling for the battery pack. Specifically, the electric vehicle 200 can be a new energy vehicle, a battery car, a drone, an eVTOL, a new energy ship, etc. The following takes the electric vehicle 200 as an eVTOL as an example for explanation.

[0036] It can be understood that the eVTOL has a battery pack. The battery pack not only provides electrical energy to the power unit of the eVTOL, but also provides electrical energy to airborne systems such as the airborne environmental control system and the airborne lighting system. The battery pack includes a module shell having a battery cavity 210 and a battery cell group installed in the battery cavity 210. The module shell has a first battery cavity hole 211 and a second battery cavity hole 212 connected to the battery cavity 210, wherein the first battery cavity hole 211 is for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow in, and the second battery cavity hole 212 is for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow out. And the first battery cavity hole 211 and the second battery cavity hole 212 are both arranged on the upper part of the top wall or side wall of the module shell. In addition, the module shell is a shell structure with a sealed design, so that the battery cavity 210 inside it can be used to fill the insulating heat exchange fluid 10. When the battery cavity 210 is filled with the insulating heat exchange fluid 10, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 can completely submerge the battery cell group, thereby contacting the battery cell 220 of the battery cell group for heat exchange, so as to transfer the heat of the battery cell 220 to the module shell, and heat exchange occurs with the external environment through the module shell, which is beneficial to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cell 220. It can be understood that there are many structural forms of the battery cell 220, such as one or more of a soft-pack battery cell, a square battery cell and a cylindrical battery cell. In addition, the battery cavity 210 can be a single battery cavity, or it can be a connecting cavity formed by connecting multiple battery cavities through a pipeline. In addition, the eVTOL also has a machine-end interface, which includes a machine-end medium inlet hole connected to the first battery cavity hole 211, and a machine-end medium outlet hole connected to the second battery cavity hole 212. Of course, the machine-end interface can be integrated into the charging socket on the eVTOL that cooperates with the charging gun, so as to avoid significantly increasing the weight of the eVTOL and avoiding wasting the fuselage space of the eVTOL.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the battery cavity 210 can also be used to fill non-combustible gas. When the battery cavity 210 is filled with non-combustible gas, the battery cell group is in contact with the non-combustible gas. In this way, the contact area between the battery cell and oxygen is reduced. When the battery pack has thermal runaway, the non-combustible gas can suppress the combustion of the battery pack. It is worth mentioning that due to the filling of non-combustible gas, the water vapor in the battery cavity 210 is reduced. In this way, the occurrence of condensed water in the battery cavity 210 is reduced, thereby avoiding insulation failure of the battery pack.

[0038] In a possible implementation, a phase change module is further provided in the battery cavity 210. In this case, the battery cell 220 can directly exchange heat with the phase change module, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cell 220. If a phase change module is provided between two adjacent battery cells 220, the heat between the two adjacent battery cells 220 can be dissipated through the phase change module, avoiding heat accumulation between the two adjacent battery cells 220, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery pack.

[0039] In this embodiment, the charging device 100 includes a pile body 110, a charging power device 120 and a thermal management module 130. The pile body 110 has a device cavity 111, the pile body 110 is detachably connected to the electric vehicle 200 through a pipeline, and the device cavity 111 is filled with an insulating heat exchange fluid 10; the charging power device 120 is arranged in the device cavity 111; the thermal management module 130 is arranged in the pile body 110, and the thermal management module 130 is connected with the device cavity 111 to form a device heat exchange branch 01, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the thermal management module 130 flows in the device heat exchange branch 01 and fills into the device cavity 111, and the thermal management module 130 is also configured to be connected with the battery cavity 210 to form a battery heat exchange branch 02 when the pile body 110 is connected to the electric vehicle 200, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flows in the battery heat exchange branch 02 and fills into the battery cavity 210.

[0040] Among them, the pile body 110 is the main part of the charging equipment 100 such as the charging pile, which includes but is not limited to accommodating the internal charging circuit, providing the human-machine interaction panel required for charging, and carrying the charging gun and the charging gun cable. It should be noted that the pile body 110 can be a charging pile body of a ground charging station. In addition, the pile body 110 can also be integrated into a mobile charging vehicle, an aircraft ground vehicle, an aircraft maintenance ship with a service function, and other vehicles with land travel function, flight capability, water navigation capability, or underwater navigation capability.

[0041] The pile body 110 has a device cavity 111 therein, and the device cavity 111 is used to install a charging circuit that provides charging services. It is understandable that the charging circuit includes but is not limited to a fast charging circuit and / or a slow charging circuit, and a charging control circuit that controls the fast charging circuit and / or the slow charging circuit to provide charging services. The fast charging circuit is used to provide fast charging services, while the slow charging circuit is used to provide ordinary charging services. In one example, the charging circuit also includes a detection circuit and an isolation circuit. Among them, the detection circuit is used to monitor the operating status of the charging circuit itself and send it to the charging control circuit or other control center. When the fast charging circuit and the slow charging circuit are switched in state, or when the fast charging circuit and the slow charging circuit are switched in state, the isolation circuit quickly discharges the residual energy in the circuit when the state is switched, thereby improving the safety of the charging circuit.

[0042] The charging circuit is composed of various charging power devices 120, including but not limited to DC-DC converters, AC-DC converters, batteries, capacitors, inductors, induction coils, rectifier bridges, high-voltage busbars, switch tubes, fuse protectors, diodes and various cables. It can be understood that when all the charging power devices 120 of the charging circuit are integrated into one chamber, the device chamber 111 can be a chamber. Alternatively, when all the charging power devices 120 of the charging circuit are distributed in multiple chambers, the device chamber 111 can also be a connected body composed of multiple chambers connected by pipelines, and this embodiment does not limit this. It is worth mentioning that the device chamber 111 is a chamber with a sealed design, thereby separating the environment inside the device chamber from the environment outside the device chamber to prevent the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 from leaking from the device chamber 111 when it flows in the device chamber 111. In addition, the chamber structure with a sealed design of the device chamber 111 can also allow the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to be completely filled in the device chamber 111 to completely submerge the various charging power devices 120. The device cavity 111 can be filled with the insulating heat exchange fluid 10. Of course, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 can also be used to submerge all the charging power devices 120. The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 exchanges heat with each charging power device 120 in the device cavity 111 to cool each charging power device 120. Figure 2 It can be understood that the pile body 110 has a first device hole 1111 and a second device hole 1112 connected to the device cavity 111. The first device hole 1111 is for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow in, and the second device hole 1112 is for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow out. Of course, in order to allow the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to completely submerge the charging power device 120, the first device hole 1111 and the second device hole 1112 are also arranged on the top wall or the upper part of the side wall of the device cavity 111. In addition, a corresponding flow channel or guide structure may be provided inside the pile body 110 to ensure that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 circulates to each charging power device 120 to ensure the immersion effect.

[0043] The thermal management module 130 is used to provide thermal management functions for the charging pile itself and the battery pack of the eVTOL during charging. The thermal management module 130 can be arranged in the pile body 110, and can also be arranged outside the pile body 110. As in one example, the thermal management module 130 is arranged in the pile body 110, and the pile body 110 can include an above-ground part and an underground part, and the thermal management module 130 can be installed in the above-ground part of the pile body 110. Or as in one example, the pile body 110 is a ground charging pile, and the main part of the thermal management module 130 is located underground below the ground charging pile, and only the pipeline components such as the pipeline for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow to the device cavity 111 are located in the ground charging pile, thereby reducing the volume of the above-ground part of the charging pile, making the charging pile more miniaturized.

[0044] In this embodiment, the thermal management module 130 is used to provide an insulating heat exchange fluid 10, and has a heat exchange component that drives the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow in the battery heat exchange branch 02 and the device heat exchange branch 01. The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 is a coolant, so that it can take away the heat generated by the heated battery cells 220 and the charging power devices 120 during the flow. Since the heat of the charging pile itself comes from the heat generated by the charging power device 120 during charging, and since the heat of the battery pack comes from the heat generated by the battery cells 220, this embodiment provides immersion cooling for both the charging power device 120 in the device cavity 111 and the battery cells 220 of the battery pack to improve the thermal management efficiency.

[0045] Specifically, the thermal management module 130 is connected to the device cavity 111, thereby forming a device heat exchange branch 01. At this time, the cooled insulating heat exchange fluid 10 enters the device cavity 111 through the first device hole 1111, and directly contacts each charging power device 120 in the device cavity 111, thereby taking away the heat generated by the charging power device 120 and heating up. The heated insulating heat exchange fluid 10 leaves the device cavity 111 through the second device hole 1112 and continues to move along the device heat exchange branch 01, thereby taking away the heat from the device cavity 111. Moreover, when the pile body 110 is connected to the eVTOL through the pile end interface 112, the thermal management module 130 is also connected to the battery cavity 210 on the eVTOL, thereby forming a battery heat exchange branch 02, for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow in the battery heat exchange branch 02. When the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 enters the battery cavity 210 through the first battery cavity hole 211 , it can directly contact the battery cells in the battery cavity 210 to perform thermal management on the battery cells, and then flow out along the second battery cavity hole 212 .

[0046] The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 is an insulating, flash-free coolant. In one embodiment, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 is made of deionized water, electronic fluorinated liquid, hydrocarbons, esters or silicone oils. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 has the characteristics of high insulation, high specific heat capacity, high thermal conductivity, non-combustibility, no flash point, non-toxicity, and low chemical activity. In addition, even if the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in this embodiment leaks, safety problems can be avoided. Optionally, in one embodiment, the electronic fluorinated liquid is configured as hydrofluoroether or hydrofluoroolefin. Optionally, in one embodiment, the hydrocarbon is configured as mineral oil or synthetic hydrocarbon oil, such as transformer oil. Optionally, in one embodiment, the lipid is configured as triglyceride or synthetic ester. Optionally, in one embodiment, the silicone oil is configured as dimethyl silicone oil.

[0047] It is worth mentioning that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the battery pack can also be input into the battery pack by the thermal management module 130 when the eVTOL is charged, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 is in direct contact with the battery cell 220 in the battery pack to exchange heat, thereby changing the temperature of the battery pack. Alternatively, in a feasible embodiment, the battery pack is also filled with a battery heat exchange medium to form an immersion cooling battery pack. In this way, during the flight of the eVTOL, the battery cells in the immersion cooling battery pack are cooled by the battery heat exchange medium. And the material of the battery heat exchange medium is consistent with the material of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10, so that the charging device 100 provided in this embodiment can be compatible with the immersion cooling battery pack, that is, when the thermal management module 130 is connected to the battery cavity 210, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 and the battery heat exchange medium can be directly fused and mixed, without first emptying the battery heat exchange medium in the battery cavity 210 and then inputting the insulating heat exchange fluid 10, thereby improving the convenience of maintenance and reducing the difficulty of maintenance.

[0048] See also Figure 2 , the pile body 110 is detachably connected to the electric vehicle 200 through a pipeline, specifically means: the pile end interface 112 on the pile body 110 is connected to a dedicated pipeline or a universal pipeline, and the dedicated pipeline or the universal pipeline is plugged with the machine end interface provided on the electric vehicle 200, so that when the charging device 100 charges the electric vehicle 200, the two are plugged in to realize the connection between the pipeline for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the pile body 110 and the electric vehicle 200, and establish a channel for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to enter the battery cavity 210. In this way, when charging the eVTOL, it is necessary not only to connect the charging gun to the electric vehicle 200, but also to connect the pile end interface 112 to the corresponding machine end interface of the eVTOL through a pipeline, so as to establish a battery heat exchange branch 02. Of course, the pipeline connected to the pile end interface 112 can be integrated on the charging gun, so that the pipeline connected to the pile end interface 112 at this time is the charging gun cable, which will be explained in detail later.

[0049] It is not difficult to see that the thermal management module 130 in this embodiment is not only connected to the device cavity 111 where the charging power device 120 is installed to form a device heat exchange branch 01, but also can be connected to the battery cavity 210 in the electric vehicle 200 to form a battery heat exchange branch 02, so that in the process of charging the electric vehicle 200, the charging power device 120 in the device cavity 111 is immersed in cooling through the insulating heat exchange fluid 10, and the battery cell 220 in the battery pack can also be immersed in cooling. In this way, during the fast charging process, the battery pack can always be maintained in a certain temperature range, meeting the requirements of fast charging while maintaining the uniformity of the battery pack temperature.

[0050] In addition, compared to the strict requirements of eVTOL for space and weight, charging equipment 100 such as charging piles has sufficient surplus space and weight to install a thermal management module 130 with greater power, which is conducive to improving the thermal management effect of the battery pack. And because the thermal management function of the battery pack during the charging process is provided by the thermal management module 130 on the charging device 100, the thermal management device of the eVTOL itself can only provide thermal management services when the battery pack is discharged, and does not need to be started when charging, that is, the eVTOL can carry a thermal management device with less power than that in the related art, thereby reducing the space and weight occupied by the thermal management device for the eVTOL. Of course, since the thermal management device of the eVTOL itself does not need to be started when charging, it can also make the eVTOL more energy-efficient.

[0051] In addition, in addition to providing immersion cooling for the battery pack, the charging device of this embodiment itself adopts immersion cooling technology to directly immerse and cool components such as power modules, which has better cooling effect and simpler structure. It also solves complex problems in traditional liquid cooling technology, such as low indirect cooling efficiency and the need for liquid leakage prevention design and insulation design in specific structural design.

[0052] See also Figure 2 In one embodiment, the thermal management module 130 may include a first thermal management submodule 130a and a second thermal management submodule 130b, wherein the first thermal management submodule 130a is connected to the device heat exchange branch 01, and the second thermal management submodule 130b is connected to the battery heat exchange branch 02. The first thermal management submodule 130a and the second thermal management submodule 130b each have an independent heat exchange system, thereby independently adjusting the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the corresponding branch. In this way, the battery heat exchange branch 02 and the device heat exchange branch 01 are temperature-controlled independently without affecting each other, so as to improve safety and reduce the complexity of the temperature control program.

[0053] Alternatively, see Figure 3In one embodiment, the thermal management module 130 includes a main circuit, which includes a medium storage box 131, a pump 132 and a heat exchanger 133, which are connected in sequence through pipelines. Among them, the medium storage box 131 can be constructed as an expansion water tank, in which the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 is stored. The capacity of the expansion water tank needs to be determined based on the fluid usage in the device heat exchange branch 01 and the fluid usage in the battery heat exchange branch 02, and a certain margin is reserved. The pump 132 is used to drive the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow in the battery heat exchange branch 02 and / or the device heat exchange branch 01. The power of the pump 132 is calculated based on the flow resistance. The pump 132 can be integrated into the heat exchanger 133. The heat exchanger 133 is used to exchange heat for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10. When the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flows through the heat exchanger 133, the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 is reduced under the action of the heat exchanger 133, so that the temperature difference between the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 and the battery cell 220 and / or the charging power device 120 is large, so that they can be cooled.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, the heat exchanger 133 includes a direct evaporation refrigeration cycle device. In this way, the heat exchanger 133 can adjust the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10, and adjust the temperature of the battery pack and the device cavity 111 by adjusting the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the heat exchanger 133 adjusts the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 through an indirect water circulation refrigeration device, an absorption refrigeration device, or a semiconductor refrigeration device.

[0055] It is understandable that in some low-temperature use environments such as high latitudes, the temperature is low and will inevitably affect the normal operation of the battery pack and / or the charging power device 120. For example, in an optional embodiment, the main circuit also includes a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater (not shown). Alternatively, in another optional embodiment, the heat exchanger 133 is connected to the heat pump system, and the heat pump system switches between cooling mode and heating mode. In this way, through the PTC heater, or when the heat pump system is in heating mode, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flowing through the main circuit can be heated, which is conducive to improving the heating ability of the thermal management module 130 for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 so as to adapt to various temperature conditions, that is, to improve the environmental adaptability of the charging device 100. Of course, in other optional embodiments, the battery pack of the eVTOL is provided with a phase change module and a heat exchange module connected to the phase change module by heat exchange, so that the eVTOL can use the battery pack as a heat source for the aircraft temperature control system to control the temperature of the cabin. At this time, through the mode switching of the PTC heater and / or the heat pump system, the phase change module in the battery pack is heated or cooled in advance, so that the phase change material is transformed into the phase required for the flight mission. In this way, during the flight, the phase change material can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the aircraft temperature control system, that is, the phase change material stores the heat transferred from the cabin, or the phase change material transfers the heat stored in advance to the cabin, so that the phase change material in the battery pack can meet various temperature control scenarios of eVTOL to improve the reliability and adaptability of the aircraft.

[0056] Specifically, the expansion water tank has a first tank port and a second tank port, the first tank port is connected to the pump 132 through a pipeline, the outlet of the pump 132 is connected to the heat exchanger 133 through a pipeline, and the heat exchanger 133 has a medium pump outlet pipe 1331. The second tank port is connected to the medium return pipe 1311. At this time, the medium return pipe 1311, the expansion water tank, the pump 132, the heat exchanger 133 and the medium pump outlet pipe 1331 are connected in series in sequence to form the main path of this embodiment.

[0057] As an optional implementation, the device heat exchange branch 01 and the battery heat exchange branch 02 are connected in parallel and then connected in series to the main circuit to form a circulation loop. Figure 4, the medium pump outlet pipe 1331 is connected to a first three-way pipe 11, one interface of the first three-way pipe 11 is connected to the pile end interface 112 through a pipeline, and the other interface of the first three-way pipe 11 is connected to the device cavity 111 through a pipeline; similarly, the medium return pipe 1311 is connected to a second three-way pipe 12, one interface of the second three-way pipe 12 is connected to the pile end interface 112 through a pipeline, and the other interface of the second three-way pipe 12 is connected to the device cavity 111 through a pipeline. In this way, when the pile body 110 is connected to the eVTOL, one interface of the first three-way pipe 11, the battery cavity 210 and one interface of the second three-way pipe 12 constitute the battery heat exchange branch 02, and the other interface of the first three-way pipe 11, the device cavity 111 and the other interface of the second three-way pipe 12 constitute the device heat exchange branch 01.

[0058] In this embodiment, when the pile end interface 112 is connected to the eVTOL, the device heat exchange branch 01 and the battery heat exchange branch 02 are connected in parallel and then connected in series to the main path to form a circulation loop. At this time, the pump 132 transports the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to the heat exchanger 133 for cooling. After the cooling, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 passes through the medium pump outlet pipe 1331 and is divided into two paths at the first three-way pipe 11:

[0059] Device heat exchange branch 01: The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 passes through the first device hole 1111 and enters the device cavity 111 to directly contact with each charging power device 120 for heat exchange and heat rises. The heated insulating heat exchange fluid 10 passes through the second device hole 1112 and the pipeline and returns to the second three-way pipe 12, and then returns to the expansion water tank through the medium return pipe 1311;

[0060] Battery heat exchange branch 02: The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 enters the battery cavity 210 through the pile end interface 112 and directly contacts the battery cell 220 for heat exchange and heat rises. The heated insulating heat exchange fluid 10 passes through the second battery cavity hole 212 and the pile end interface 112 and returns to the second three-way pipe 12, and then returns to the expansion water tank through the medium return pipe 1311.

[0061] In this embodiment, the device heat exchange branch 01 and the battery heat exchange branch 02 are connected in parallel to the same main circuit. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 transported from the main circuit is divided into two paths and enters the device heat exchange branch 01 and the battery heat exchange branch 02, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 cooled by the heat exchanger 133 can enter the device heat exchange branch 01 or the battery heat exchange branch 02 as soon as possible for heat exchange. The insulating heat exchange fluids 10 in the two branches do not affect each other, and the cooling effects of the insulating heat exchange fluids 10 in the two branches can be ensured.

[0062] Alternatively, as another optional implementation, the device heat exchange branch 01, the battery heat exchange branch 02 and the main circuit are connected in series to form a circulation loop.

[0063] See also Figure 3 As an option of this embodiment: the medium pump-out pipe 1331 is connected to the first battery cavity hole 211 of the battery cavity 210 through the pipeline and the pile end interface 112, and a return pipeline is provided at the pile end interface 112. The battery cavity 210 is connected to the first device hole 1111 of the device cavity 111 through the second battery cavity hole 212, the pile end interface 112, and the return pipeline, and the second device hole 1112 of the device cavity 111 is connected to the medium return pipe 1311. At this time, the main circuit, the battery heat exchange branch 02 and the device heat exchange branch 01 are connected in series in sequence, and the three form a circulation loop. The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 pumped out of the main circuit first enters the battery heat exchange branch 02, then enters the device heat exchange branch 01, and finally flows into the main circuit.

[0064] Or as another option of this embodiment: the medium return pipe 1311 is connected to the second battery cavity hole 212 of the battery cavity 210 through the pipeline and the pile end interface 112, and a delivery pipeline is provided at the pile end interface 112. The first battery cavity hole 211 of the battery cavity 210 is connected to the second device hole 1112 of the device cavity 111 through the pile end interface 112 and the delivery pipeline, and the first device hole 1111 of the device cavity 111 is connected to the medium pump-out pipe 1331. At this time, the main circuit, the device heat exchange branch 01 and the battery heat exchange branch 02 are connected in series in sequence, and the three form a circulation loop, and the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 pumped out of the main circuit first enters the device heat exchange branch 01.

[0065] It is not difficult to see that the series connection of pipes is simpler than the parallel connection. It should be noted that since the temperature that the charging power device 120 can withstand is higher than the temperature that the battery cell 220 in the battery pack can withstand, it is better that the battery heat exchange branch 02 is connected in series upstream of the device heat exchange branch 01. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 that has been cooled by the heat exchanger 133 first flows through the battery heat exchange branch 02 to cool the battery cell, and then flows through the device heat exchange branch 01 to cool various charging power devices 120. In this way, the parameters of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 can be designed accordingly based only on the cooling requirements of the battery cell 220, without fully considering the cooling requirements of the battery cell 220 and the cooling requirements of the charging power device 120. This not only ensures the cooling effect of the battery, but also reduces the complexity of temperature control of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10.

[0066] In this embodiment, the device heat exchange branch 01 and the battery heat exchange branch 02 are both temperature-controlled by the heat exchanger 133 on the same main circuit, which reduces the number of components of the thermal management module 130 and can also reduce the volume and weight of the thermal management module 130, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the charging device 100 and further facilitating the integration of the charging device 100 into maintenance equipment such as ground handling vehicles.

[0067] It is understandable that after the battery pack is charged, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 may need to be discharged from the battery cavity 210. Therefore, in one embodiment, the thermal management module 130 further includes a gas-filling and liquid-exchanging component, which is connected to the battery heat exchange branch 02 and is used to input non-flammable gas into the battery cavity 210 to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 from the battery cavity 210.

[0068] In this way, when the temperature of the battery pack is adjusted to a preset temperature or is fully charged, the eVTOL can introduce non-flammable gas into the battery heat exchange branch 02 through the inflation and fluid exchange assembly during the flight takeoff preparation stage. After the non-flammable gas enters the battery cavity 210 through one of the first battery cavity hole 211 and the second battery cavity hole 212, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 therein is squeezed out of the battery cavity 210 through the other of the first battery cavity hole 211 and the second battery cavity hole 212. On the one hand, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the battery cavity 210 is discharged, and on the other hand, during the flight of the eVTOL, the battery cavity 210 is filled with non-flammable gas to suppress battery combustion when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cavity 210.

[0069] Alternatively, when the circuit in the device cavity 111 needs to be repaired and maintained or the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 needs to be discharged for other reasons, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the device cavity 111 also needs to be discharged. To this end, in one embodiment, the thermal management module 130 further includes a gas-filling and liquid-exchanging component, which is connected to the device heat exchange branch 01 and is used to input non-flammable gas into the device cavity 111 to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 from the device cavity 111.

[0070] Specifically, when the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 needs to be discharged, non-combustible gas can be introduced into the device heat exchange branch 01 through the inflation and liquid exchange component. After the non-combustible gas enters the device cavity 111 through one of the first device hole 1111 and the second device hole 1112, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 therein is squeezed out of the device cavity 111 through the other of the first device hole 1111 and the second device hole 1112, thereby discharging the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the device cavity 111.

[0071] Of course, in some feasible implementations, when the battery heat exchange branch 02 is connected in series with the device heat exchange branch 01, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the battery cavity 210 and the device cavity 111 can be discharged simultaneously through an inflation and drainage assembly. It should be noted that when the inflation and drainage assembly is working, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 can return to the expansion tank under the action of non-flammable gas. In some examples, both the device heat exchange branch 01 and the battery heat exchange branch 02 are connected to a drainage branch connected to the outside world through a drainage switch valve, so that when the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the battery cavity 210 or the device cavity 111 is discharged through the inflation and drainage assembly, the drainage branch is opened and the expansion water tank is closed, and the battery cavity 210 or the device cavity 111 can be connected to the outside world, thereby providing a discharge channel for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10.

[0072] The non-combustible gas in this embodiment refers to the gas other than the combustible gas and the combustion-supporting gas. In one embodiment, the non-combustible gas includes one or more of an inert gas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and sulfur hexafluoride.

[0073] See also Figure 3 In one example, the gas-filling and liquid-exchanging assembly includes a gas-filling branch 140, and the gas-filling branch 140 includes a gas storage device 141 and a gas circuit valve 142 which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; wherein the output end of the gas-filling branch 140 is connected to the pipeline between the heat exchanger 133 and the pile end interface 112, and a switch valve (not shown) is provided between the heat exchanger 133 and the output end of the gas-filling branch 140. Specifically, the medium pump outlet pipe 1331 of the heat exchanger 133 is connected to a switch valve, and the switch valve is connected to a multi-way pipe (a four-way pipe when the device heat exchange branch 01 and the battery heat exchange branch 02 are connected in parallel, and a three-way pipe when the device heat exchange branch 01 and the battery heat exchange branch 02 are connected in series), and one of the pipe openings of the multi-way pipe is connected to a gas circuit valve 142 through a pipeline, and the gas circuit valve 142 is connected to the gas storage device 141 through a pipeline. The gas storage device 141 may be a high-pressure gas storage device 141, and the gas circuit valve 142 is a pressure reducing valve. In this way, the air pressure in the gas storage device 141 is relatively high. Under the action of the high air pressure, the non-combustible gas will pass through the pile end interface 112 along the pipeline and enter the battery cavity 210 in the eVTOL. After the non-combustible gas enters the battery cavity 210, it squeezes the insulating heat exchange fluid 10, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 is discharged from the battery cavity 210. In addition, under the action of the pressure reducing valve, the high-pressure non-combustible gas in the gas storage device 141 can be depressurized and released to prevent the pipeline from being subjected to excessive air pressure, thereby preventing the pipeline, the battery cell 220 in the battery cavity 210, and the charging power device 120 in the device cavity 111 from being damaged. The switch valve arranged between the heat exchanger 133 and the charging branch 140 is used to switch to a closed state after the charging branch 140 starts working, so as to prevent the non-combustible gas from entering the heat exchanger 133 first, so as to improve the working efficiency of the charging and discharging assembly.

[0074] Of course, in other embodiments, the inflation branch 140 may also be provided with a pump to provide power for the flow of the non-combustible gas. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the inflation and drainage assembly may also be provided in the battery pack or at the device cavity 111 .

[0075] It can be understood that after the pile body 110 is connected to the eVTOL, not only a charging channel for power transmission needs to be established between the charging device 100 and the eVTOL, but also a medium channel for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow. Figure 5 The medium channel may be an independent medium channel cable 160. In this case, during charging, not only the charging gun 150 needs to be connected to the eVTOL, but also the independent medium channel cable 160 needs to be connected to the eVTOL.

[0076] Alternatively, the medium channel may be fully or partially integrated into the charging gun 150 of the charging pile. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The charging device 100 further includes a charging gun 150, which includes a charging gun head 151 and a charging gun cable 152. The charging gun head 151 has a fluid interface 1513, one end of the charging gun cable 152 is connected to the charging gun head 151, and the other end of the charging gun cable 152 is connected to the thermal management module 130. A fluid pipeline 1524 is provided in the charging gun cable 152, and the fluid pipeline 1524 is used for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow through, and the fluid pipeline 1524 is connected to the fluid interface 1513; wherein, when the charging gun head 151 is connected to the electric vehicle 200, the thermal management module 130 is connected to the battery cavity 210 through the fluid interface 1513 and the fluid pipeline 1524 to form a battery heat exchange branch 02.

[0077] In this embodiment, the charging gun head 151 has a charging interface and a fluid interface 1513. The charging gun head 151 is connected to the charging gun cable 152, and the charging gun cable 152 is connected to the thermal management module 130 through the pile end interface 112. In addition to the existing wire core, the charging gun cable 152 also provides a fluid pipeline 1524. The fluid pipeline 1524 is connected to the fluid interface 1513. In order to avoid a significant increase in the volume and weight of the charging gun cable 152 compared to the charging gun cable 152 in the related art, the number of fluid interfaces 1513 and the number of fluid pipes 1524 can both be one. At this time, the fluid pipe 1524 in the charging gun cable 152 is only one of the channels through which the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flows out of the charging device 100 and enters the eVTOL and the channels through which the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flows through the battery cavity 210 and returns to the charging device 100. The other of the channels through which the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flows out of the charging device 100 and enters the eVTOL and the channels through which the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flows through the battery cavity 210 and returns to the charging device 100 can be provided by a medium channel cable 160 additionally provided on the charging device 100.

[0078] Alternatively, in order to reduce the number of components of the charging device 100 and improve the operational convenience when charging the eVTOL, the channel through which the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flows out of the charging device 100 and enters the eVTOL and the channel through which the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 returns to the charging device 100 after flowing through the battery cavity 210 are both integrated on the charging gun cable 152. At this time, the number of fluid interfaces 1513 and fluid pipes 1524 is at least 2, that is, at least one in and one out.

[0079] In addition, in order to avoid clogging of the fluid pipeline 1524, the fluid pipeline 1524 in any direction may have a backup, so the number of fluid interfaces 1513 and fluid pipelines 1524 may be greater than 2. Alternatively, when there are multiple battery packs in parallel (such as battery packs are provided on both wings of the eVTOL, and the battery packs are connected in parallel), the number of fluid interfaces 1513 and fluid pipelines 1524 is greater than 2, so that different fluid pipelines 1524 provide medium channels for the corresponding battery packs.

[0080] It is worth mentioning that the fluid pipeline 1524 and the fluid interface 1513 can be connected to each other in a one-to-one correspondence. Alternatively, the fluid pipeline 1524 and the fluid interface 1513 can also be connected to each other in a one-to-many manner. For example, to avoid the cross-sectional area of ​​the fluid pipeline 1524 being too large and affecting the structural strength of the charging gun cable, one fluid interface 1513 can be connected to multiple fluid pipelines 1524 with smaller cross-sectional areas. Alternatively, when the battery pack includes multiple battery packs, each battery pack is connected to a fluid interface 1513. At this time, a fluid pipeline 1524 can be connected to multiple fluid interfaces 1513, thereby providing insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to multiple battery packs at the same time.

[0081] It is not difficult to see that in this embodiment, by integrating the medium channel for the circulation of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 into the charging gun cable 152, the charging gun 150 has the functions of transmitting both electric energy and transmitting the insulating heat exchange fluid 10. The charging gun and the eVTOL are plugged in at one time to complete the establishment of the electric energy channel and the medium channel, thereby reducing the plug-in steps during the charging of the eVTOL, thereby improving the charging efficiency of the eVTOL.

[0082] See also Figure 7 In one embodiment, the charging gun cable 152 includes at least one core group 1521, a protective layer 1522 mounted on the radial outside of all the core groups 1521, and a cable phase change module 1523. The core group 1521 includes at least one core and an insulating layer mounted on the radial outside of at least one core, and there is a gap between adjacent core groups, and the core group 1521 is spaced from the protective layer 1522; the cable phase change module 1523 is filled in the gap between the core group 1521 and the protective layer 1522 and the gap between adjacent core groups 1521, and the material of the cable phase change module 1523 includes phase change material; wherein a fluid pipeline 1524 is arranged in the cable phase change module 1523.

[0083] In this embodiment, the insulating layer wraps at least one bundle of wire cores to form a wire core group 1521. The wire core can be at least one of a battery charging positive wire, a battery charging negative wire, a low-voltage power supply positive wire, a low-voltage power supply negative wire, and a signal wire. Of course, the signal wire can be a variety of types of signal wires. The wire core group 1521 can be multiple groups, and there is a gap between adjacent wire core groups 1521. It can be understood that the gap between adjacent wire core groups 1521 can be that the two are spaced apart from each other, or the outer surfaces of the wire core groups 1521 with curved outer surfaces such as circular cross-sections are tangent to form a gap between the non-tangent parts of the outer surfaces of the two. The wire core group 1521 of the charging gun cable 152 and the protective layer 1522 of the outer wall, as well as the adjacent wire core groups 1521 are filled with a cable phase change module 1523. The protective layer 1522 is constructed as a metal layer, a plastic layer, or a plastic layer with a metal braided mesh. In one example, the protective layer 1522 is constructed as a plastic layer with a metal braided mesh, so as to provide better mechanical performance while meeting the cable weight index.

[0084] The material of the cable phase change module 1523 includes phase change material. During the charging process, compared with the use of plastic or polymer materials to fill the gap between the wire core and the protective layer 1522 in the related technology, the phase change material can absorb the heat generated by the wire core, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the charging gun cable 152 and avoiding overheating of the charging gun cable 152 during charging.

[0085] In addition, in this embodiment, the aforementioned fluid conduit 1524 is also provided in the cable phase change module 1523, that is, the fluid conduit 1524 extends along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 152 and penetrates the charging gun cable 152. In this way, in the process of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flowing through the fluid conduit 1524, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 can cool the cable phase change module 1523. It is not difficult to see that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flowing through can cool the cable phase change module 1523, thereby improving the heat storage capacity of the cable phase change module 1523, so that the cable phase change module 1523 can absorb more heat emitted by the core. That is, under the same cross-sectional area, the temperature rise of the charging gun cable 152 of this embodiment is smaller. In this way, under the premise that the charging power of the charging gun is determined, that is, the heat generation is determined, the purpose of cooling the charging gun cable 152 can be achieved by a smaller amount of phase change material, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the charging gun cable 152 and reducing the weight of the charging gun cable 152.

[0086] In addition, a part of the surface of the core group 1521 may be formed as the pipe wall of the fluid pipe 1524, or the core group 1521 may be completely disposed in the fluid pipe 1524. In this case, the insulating heat exchange fluid in the fluid pipe 1524 may directly immerse the core group in cooling. It is not difficult to see that, compared with air cooling and liquid cooling, immersion cooling of the core group 1521 has a larger heat dissipation area and a better heat dissipation effect.

[0087] The fluid conduit 1524 can be constructed as a cavity extending along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 152, and the inner diameter of the cavity is uniform without protrusions, which is conducive to the rapid passage of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 through the charging gun cable 152. Alternatively, in one embodiment, the cable phase change module 1523 includes a plurality of first sub-phase change filling bodies arranged in sequence along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 152, and the first sub-phase change filling body has a first through hole, so that the cavities between any two adjacent first sub-phase change filling bodies in the plurality of first sub-phase change filling bodies are connected through the first through hole to form the fluid conduit 1524.

[0088] In this way, for each fluid pipeline 1524, in the area where the phase change material forms the first sub-phase change filling body, the phase change material can fix the internal wire core and the external protective layer 1522, and absorb the heat generated by the wire core during charging. In the area where the phase change material is not filled: the outer wall of the wire core group 1521 and the inner wall of the protective layer 1522 and the opposite side walls of the two first sub-phase change filling bodies together enclose a cavity, which is used for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow through, and the adjacent cavities are connected through the first through hole reserved in the first sub-phase change filling body. Therefore, under the pressure provided by the pump 132 of the main circuit, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 will fill each cavity in the charging gun cable 152, play a structural support role of the charging gun cable 152 itself, and effectively fix the internal wire core and the external protective layer 1522. Of course, the segment spacing of the first sub-phase change filling body should be reasonable. Too long a spacing may make the structure of the charging gun cable 152 difficult to support, and the internal wire core will shake during the charging process.

[0089] It is not difficult to see that in this embodiment, the phase change material is arranged at intervals in the wiring direction of the cable, which significantly reduces the weight and improves the heat dissipation effect of the cable compared to ordinary charging gun cables.

[0090] See also Figure 8In one embodiment, at least two fluid pipes 1524 are provided in the cable phase change module 1523, and two fluid pipes 1524 of the at least two fluid pipes 1524 form a group, one of the fluid pipes 1524 in a group is a liquid inlet pipe 1524b, and the other is a liquid outlet pipe 1524a; wherein, the cable phase change module 1523 includes a plurality of second sub-phase change filling bodies 1523a arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 152, and the second sub-phase change filling body 1523a has a second through hole, so that the cavities between any two adjacent second sub-phase change filling bodies 1523a in the plurality of second sub-phase change filling bodies 1523a are connected through the second through hole to form a liquid inlet pipe 1524b, and a liquid outlet pipe 1524a of a pipe structure is provided in the cable phase change module 1523.

[0091] In this embodiment, the fluid pipes 1524 in the cable phase change module 1523 are grouped in pairs, and one of the fluid pipes in the group is a liquid outlet pipe 1524a, which is used for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow into the eVTOL. The liquid outlet pipe 1524a is constructed as a pipe that penetrates the charging gun cable 152 along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 152, and there is no protrusion on the inner wall surface, so as to facilitate the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to quickly pass through the charging gun cable 152 and enter the eVTOL. It is easy to understand that the faster the flow rate of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10, the less heat exchange between the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 and other components in the charging gun cable 152, so that the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 can be effectively avoided from changing significantly during the process of flowing through the charging gun cable 152, which is conducive to ensuring that the temperature difference between the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 and the battery cell 220 after entering the battery cavity 210 meets the heat exchange requirements.

[0092] The other is a liquid inlet pipe 1524b, which is used to supply the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flowing through the battery cavity 210 from the eVTOL back to the thermal management module 130. As before, for any liquid inlet pipe 1524b, in the area where the phase change material forms the second sub-phase change filling body 1523a, the phase change material can fix the internal wire core and the external protective layer 1522, and absorb the heat generated by the wire core during charging, while in the area where the phase change material is not filled: the inner wall of the insulating layer and the protective layer 1522 of the wire core group 1521 and the opposite side walls of the two second sub-phase change filling bodies 1523a together enclose a cavity, which is used for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow through, and the adjacent cavities are connected through the second through hole reserved in the second sub-phase change filling body 1523a. Therefore, under the pressure provided by the pump 132 of the main circuit, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 will fill each cavity in the charging gun cable 152, thereby playing a supporting role in the cable structure and effectively fixing the internal wire core and the external protective layer 1522. Compared with the inner wall of the liquid outlet pipe 1524a without protrusions, the adjacent second sub-phase change filling bodies 1523a are connected through the second through hole, so that the flow channel cross section of the liquid inlet pipe 1524b shrinks at each second through hole, resulting in a more drastic change in the flow channel cross section in the fluid flow direction of the liquid inlet pipe 1524b, which will effectively slow down the flow rate of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the liquid inlet pipe 1524b, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 can fully exchange heat with the wire core.

[0093] It is easy to understand that in this embodiment, the liquid outlet pipe 1524a allows the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to quickly pass through the charging gun cable 152 and enter the eVTOL to ensure the thermal management effect in the battery cavity 210, and the liquid inlet pipe 1524b allows the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to circulate slowly in the charging gun cable 152 to fully absorb the heat of the wire core, thereby ensuring the thermal management effect of the charging gun cable 152 itself.

[0094] In order to further reduce the heat exchange between the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the liquid outlet pipe 1524a and the wire core, in one embodiment, the material of the liquid outlet pipe 1524a is a polymer thermal insulation material.

[0095] See also Figure 6In one embodiment, the charging gun head 151 includes a gun head body 1511 and a charging terminal 1512. The gun head body 1511 has a liquid inlet cooling chamber 1511b and a liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a, and there are at least two fluid interfaces 1513, at least one fluid interface 1513 is connected to the liquid inlet cooling chamber 1511b, and at least one fluid interface 1513 is connected to the liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a; the charging terminal 1512 is arranged on the gun head body 1511, and the charging terminal 1512 passes through the liquid inlet cooling chamber 1511b or the liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a and is connected to the corresponding wire core group 1521, or the charging terminal 1512 extends into the liquid inlet cooling chamber 1511b or the liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a and is connected to the corresponding wire core group 1521; wherein, the liquid inlet pipe 1524b is connected to the liquid inlet cooling chamber 1511b, and the liquid outlet pipe 1524a is connected to the liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a.

[0096] The gun head body 1511 is the main part of the charging gun head 151, which includes a tail connected to the charging gun cable 152, and a head provided with a fluid interface 1513 and a charging interface. All the charging terminals 1512 form the aforementioned charging interface in a preset layout. The charging terminal 1512 is assembled in the charging gun head 151, and one end of the charging terminal 1512 is exposed from the head, and the other end extends to the tail to connect with the core. It can be understood that the charging terminal 1512 can be connected to the wire of the core group 1521 for power transmission, or it can be connected to the signal line of the core group 1521 for information transmission. In a feasible embodiment, the tail of the gun head body 1511 also has a gun head phase change module constructed of phase change material, and the structure of the gun head phase change module is consistent with the structure of the cable phase change module 1523, so that the two can cooperate.

[0097] In this embodiment, a liquid inlet cooling chamber 1511b and a liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a are provided in the gun head body 1511. And on the radial plane of the gun head body 1511, the liquid inlet cooling chamber 1511b and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a are arranged side by side. One end of the liquid inlet cooling chamber 1511b is connected to the fluid interface 1513 corresponding to the liquid inlet pipe 1524b among all the fluid interfaces 1513, and the other end is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 1524b. One end of the liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a is connected to the fluid interface 1513 corresponding to the liquid outlet pipe 1524a among all the fluid interfaces 1513, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet pipe 1524a. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 before entering the eVTOL is temporarily retained in the liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a, and after leaving the eVTOL, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 enters from the fluid interface 1513 and temporarily remains in the liquid inlet cooling chamber 1511b.

[0098] A portion of the multiple charging terminals 1512 pass through the liquid inlet cooling cavity 1511b and are connected to the corresponding wire core group 1521, while another portion of the charging terminals 1512 pass through the liquid outlet cooling cavity 1511a and are connected to the corresponding wire core group 1521, so that each charging terminal 1512 in the charging gun head 151 is directly in contact with the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 during operation and is cooled.

[0099] Alternatively, a portion of the multiple charging terminals 1512 extends into the liquid inlet cooling chamber 1511b, and the corresponding wire core group 1521 also extends into the liquid inlet cooling chamber 1511b, and the two are connected in the liquid inlet cooling chamber 1511b. Similarly, another portion of the multiple charging terminals 1512 extends into the liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a, and the corresponding wire core group 1521 also extends into the liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a, and the two are connected in the liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a.

[0100] It is not difficult to see that the battery cells in the battery cavity 210, the charging power device 120 in the device cavity 111 in the pile body 110, the wire core in the charging gun cable 152, and the charging terminal 1512 of the charging gun head 151 are all cooled by the insulating heat exchange fluid 10, so that this embodiment provides cooling measures for each key component that generates heat during the eVTOL charging process, so as to significantly improve the heating phenomenon of each key component during the eVTOL charging process. In this way, through the cooling solution provided by this embodiment, the charging device 100 can support a higher rate of charging power and reduce the charging time, that is, it can support faster fast charging technology.

[0101] In addition, in this embodiment, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 will directly contact the battery cells in the battery cavity 210, the charging power device 120 in the device cavity 111 in the pile body 110, the wire core in the charging gun cable 152, and the charging terminal 1512 of the charging gun head 151. Therefore, under the same power, since there is no need to design isolation measures (isolation of coolant and heat dissipation components), the pile body 110, the charging gun cable 152 and the charging gun head 151 are smaller in size and lighter in weight, which improves the convenience of personnel operation.

[0102] Of course, since the cross-sectional shape of the charging gun head 151 is generally constructed as a symmetrical figure, in this embodiment, the liquid inlet cooling cavity 1511b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 1511a can be constructed as a symmetrical structure, thereby fully utilizing the internal space of the charging gun head 151.

[0103] In one embodiment, in order to ensure the structural strength of the charging gun cable 152, the phase change material is a solid-solid phase change material. It should be noted that the solid-solid phase change material can absorb or release heat in the solid state during the process of transforming from one crystal structure (phase state) to another crystal structure (phase state). During the phase change process of this material, the material remains in a solid state and the volume change is relatively small, so that it can not only store heat, but also ensure the structure of supporting the charging gun cable 152. In one example, the solid-solid phase change material can be an organic polymer phase change material such as high-density polyethylene. Or, in another example, the solid-solid phase change material can be a composite phase change material of organic polymer and paraffin.

[0104] See also Figure 7 In one embodiment, a first cable cooling channel 1525a and a second cable cooling channel 1525b are further provided in the charging gun cable 152, and the first cable cooling channel 1525a and the second cable cooling channel 1525b are both used for the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 to flow through; one end of the first cable cooling channel 1525a is connected to the thermal management module 130, and the other end of the first cable cooling channel 1525a is connected to one end of the second cable cooling channel 1525b, and the other end of the second cable cooling channel 1525b is connected to the device heat exchange branch, so that the thermal management module 130, the first cable cooling channel 1525a, the second cable cooling channel 1525b and the device heat exchange branch form a circulation loop.

[0105] The first cable cooling channel 1525a and the second cable cooling channel 1525b are channels arranged in parallel with the fluid pipe 1524 in the charging gun cable 152, and both extend along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 152 and penetrate the charging gun cable 152. Different from the fluid pipe 1524, the first cable cooling channel 1525a and the second cable cooling channel 1525b together form a U-shaped channel in the charging gun 150 with one end closed and the other end open to communicate with the pile end interface 112. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the thermal management module 130 first enters the device cavity 111, then enters the charging gun cable 152 from the first cable cooling channel 1525a, flows through the entire charging gun cable 152 in one direction, and then enters the second cable cooling channel 1525b, flows in the second cable cooling channel 1525b in the opposite direction and returns to the pile body 110, and finally returns to the expansion water tank. Of course, this embodiment is not limited thereto, and the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 leaving the heat exchanger 133 may first enter the charging gun cable 152 , and then enter the device cavity 111 .

[0106] In this embodiment, during fast charging, since the heat generated by the charging gun cable 152 is relatively large, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 entering the eVTOL does not intentionally cool the charging gun cable 152 when flowing through the fluid pipe 1524 in the charging gun cable 152. Instead, the charging gun cable 152 is cooled by the first cable cooling channel 1525a and the second cable cooling channel 1525b additionally provided in the charging gun cable 152, thereby ensuring the cooling effect of the battery cavity 210 and the charging gun cable 152.

[0107] See also Fig. 9 In one embodiment, the charging gun head 151 includes: a gun head body 1511 and a charging terminal 1512, the gun head body 1511 has a gun head cooling cavity 1511c and a fluid flow channel 1514, one end of the fluid flow channel 1514 is connected to the fluid interface 1513, and the other end of the fluid flow channel 1514 is connected to the fluid pipeline 1524; the charging terminal 1512 is arranged on the gun head body 1511, and the charging terminal 1512 passes through the gun head cooling cavity 1511c and is connected to the wire core group 1521, or the charging terminal 1512 extends into the gun head cooling cavity 1511c and is connected to the wire core group 1521; the other end of the first cable cooling channel 1525a is connected to one end of the second cable cooling channel 1525b through the gun head cooling cavity 1511c.

[0108] In this embodiment, the gun head body 1511 is not provided with a liquid inlet cooling chamber 1511b and a liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a, but only one gun head cooling chamber 1511c, at which time all the charging terminals 1512 pass through the gun head cooling chamber 1511c and communicate with the wire core group 1521. Alternatively, the wire core group 1521 extends into the gun head cooling chamber 1511c, and all the charging terminals 1512 extend into the gun head cooling chamber 1511c and communicate with the wire core group 1521. The first cable cooling channel 1525a and the second cable cooling channel 1525b are both connected to the gun head cooling chamber 1511c to achieve mutual communication. In this way, on the one hand, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 used to cool the charging terminal 1512 is the fluid in the device heat exchange branch 01, rather than the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 after heat exchange with the battery cell 220 in the battery heat exchange branch 02, thereby ensuring the cooling effect of each charging terminal 1512. On the other hand, the connection point between the first cable cooling channel 1525a and the second cable cooling channel 1525b is not in the charging gun cable 152, but at the charging gun head 151, thereby simplifying the structure of the charging gun cable 152 and reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0109] In addition, a fluid flow channel 1514 is defined in the gun head body 1511, and the fluid flow channel 1514 is connected to the fluid interface 1513 and the corresponding fluid pipeline 1524. Fig. 9In one example, the gun tip body 1511 defines two fluid interfaces 1513, one in and one out. At this time, two parallel fluid flow channels 1514 are also defined in the gun tip body 1511. One fluid flow channel 1514 connects one fluid interface 1513 with the liquid inlet pipe 1524b, and the other fluid flow channel 1514 connects the other fluid interface 1513 with the liquid outlet pipe 1524a.

[0110] It is easy to understand that, compared with the gun tip body 1511 provided in the previous embodiment with the liquid inlet cooling cavity 1511b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 1511a, the structure of the gun tip body 1511 in this embodiment is simpler and more reliable.

[0111] As before, the first cable cooling channel 1525a and the second cable cooling channel 1525b in this embodiment can be constructed as a pipe structure with a smooth inner wall. In this case, the material of the pipe structure can be constructed as metal, so that the heat conduction is faster, so as to cool the wire core and / or phase change material at a faster speed. For example, in one embodiment, the first cable cooling channel 1525a is constructed as a thin-walled metal tube, and the wall thickness of the thin-walled metal tube is b, and b satisfies: 0.3mm≤b≤1mm.

[0112] Alternatively, the first cable cooling channel 1525a and the second cable cooling channel 1525b in this embodiment can also be constructed as a cavity structure formed by the aforementioned phase-change filling bodies being arranged at intervals. Fig.10 As in one embodiment, the cable phase change module 1523 also includes a plurality of third sub-phase change filling bodies 1523b arranged in sequence along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 152, and the third sub-phase change filling bodies 1523b have a third through hole, so that the cavities between any two adjacent third sub-phase change filling bodies 1523b in the plurality of third sub-phase change filling bodies 1523b are connected through the third through hole to form a second cable cooling channel 1525b.

[0113] In this way, when the first cable cooling channel 1525a is constructed as a thin-walled metal tube and the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flows into the charging gun head 151, and the second cable cooling channel 1525b is constructed as a cavity structure formed by the interval arrangement of the third sub-phase change filler 1523b and the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 returns to the pile body 110, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 can enter the gun head cooling cavity 1511c more quickly to cool the charging terminal 1512 with a larger heat generation, and then return to cool the charging gun cable 152, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0114] It should be noted that each pipe in the pile body 110 can be configured as a soft pipe or a hard pipe, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0115] For ease of understanding, two specific examples are shown below:

[0116] Example 1:

[0117] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 The pile body includes a first thermal management submodule 130a and a second thermal management submodule 130b. At this time, the thermal management module includes 4 pipelines, 2 inlets and 2 outlets, and forms 2 circulation loops. The first thermal management submodule 120a and the second thermal management submodule 130b each have a main path formed by an expansion water tank, a pump 132 and a heat exchanger 133 connected in sequence through pipelines.

[0118] The first circulation loop is as follows: under the driving force provided by the first thermal management submodule 130a, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flows out of the first thermal management submodule 130a and reaches the pile end interface 112 through the pipeline. The pile end interface 112 is connected to the charging gun cable 152, and the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 enters the charging gun cable 152 through the first cable cooling channel 1525a. And the first cable cooling channel 1525a is constructed as a pipe structure with no protrusions on the inner wall inside the cable phase change module 1523, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 quickly enters the gun head cooling cavity 1511c of the charging gun head 151 to cool the charging terminal 1512. Then the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 enters the second cable cooling channel 1525b. A plurality of third sub-phase change filling bodies 1523b are arranged in sequence along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 152, and the third sub-phase change filling body 1523b has a third through hole, so that the cavities between any two adjacent third sub-phase change filling bodies 1523b in the plurality of third sub-phase change filling bodies 1523b are connected through the third through hole to form a second cable cooling channel 1525b, thereby significantly reducing the flow rate of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the second cable cooling channel 1525b to fully absorb the heat generated by the core. Then, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 passes through the pile end interface 112 and returns to the pile body 110, and passes through the first device hole 1111 through the pipeline to enter the device cavity 111. The device cavity 111 is filled with the insulating heat exchange fluid 10, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 is in direct contact with each charging power device 120 to cool it. Then the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 passes through the second device hole 1112 to leave the device cavity 111 and returns to the first thermal management submodule 130a through the pipeline.

[0119] The second circulation pipeline is: under the driving force provided by the second thermal management submodule 130b, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 flows out from the second thermal management submodule 130b, reaches the pile end interface 112 through the pipeline and enters the liquid outlet pipe 1524a of the charging gun cable 152. The liquid outlet pipe 1524a is constructed as a thin-walled metal tube made of polymer thermal insulation material, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 quickly and heat-insulatingly passes through the liquid outlet pipe 1524a to the gun head body 1511 of the charging gun. The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 enters the eVTOL through the fluid interface 1513, and enters the battery cavity 210 through the pipeline and the first battery cavity hole 211 in turn. The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 fills the battery cavity 210, thereby directly cooling the battery cell. Then the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 leaves the battery cavity 210 from the second battery cavity hole 212, and enters the liquid inlet pipe 1524b through another fluid interface 1513 on the charging gun head. Similar to the structure of the second cable cooling channel 1525b, multiple second sub-phase change filling bodies 1523a are arranged in sequence along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 152, and the second sub-phase change filling bodies 1523a have second through holes, so that the cavities between any two adjacent second sub-phase change filling bodies 1523a in the multiple second sub-phase change filling bodies 1523a are connected through the second through holes to form a liquid inlet pipe 1524b, thereby significantly reducing the flow rate of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the liquid inlet pipe 1524b to absorb the heat generated by the wire core. Then, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 passes through the pile end interface 112 and returns to the second thermal management submodule 130b through the pipeline.

[0120] It is not difficult to see that in this example, the cooling of the battery pack and the cooling of the charging module are independent of each other and do not affect each other. In this example, since the cooling of the battery pack and the cooling of the charging circuit are independent of each other, the battery cavity 210 can be heated by the second thermal management submodule 130b. Specifically, the battery pack of the eVTOL is provided with a phase change module and a heat exchange module connected to the phase change module for heat exchange, so that the eVTOL can use the battery pack as a heat source for the aircraft temperature control system to control the temperature of the cabin. At this time, the second thermal management submodule heats up, and the phase change module in the battery pack can be heated in advance, so that the phase change material is transformed into the phase required for the flight mission. In this way, during the flight, the phase change material can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the aircraft temperature control system, that is, the phase change material transfers the heat stored in advance to the refrigerant, so that the phase change material in the battery pack can meet various temperature control scenarios of the eVTOL to improve the reliability and adaptability of the aircraft.

[0121] In this example, a switch valve is also provided on the pipeline of the second thermal management submodule 130b and the pile end interface, and an air filling branch is provided at the downstream of the switch valve, and the air filling branch includes a high-pressure gas storage device and a pressure reducing valve connected in sequence through the pipeline. When the temperature of the battery pack is adjusted to a preset temperature or fully charged, the switch valve can be closed and the pressure reducing valve can be opened. Under the action of high air pressure, the non-combustible gas will enter the battery cavity 210 in the eVTOL through the pile end interface along the pipeline. After the non-combustible gas enters the battery cavity 210, it squeezes the insulating heat exchange fluid 10, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 is discharged from the battery cavity 210. On the one hand, the insulating heat exchange fluid in the battery cavity 210 is led out, and on the other hand, the battery cavity 210 is filled with non-combustible gas to suppress the combustion of the battery cavity when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cavity. The discharged insulating heat exchange fluid 10 can return to the expansion water tank of the second thermal management submodule 130b, and the excess non-combustible gas can also enter the expansion water tank and then be discharged to the outside through the exhaust port of the expansion water tank.

[0122] See also Figure 3 Example 2: The pile body includes a thermal management module 130. At this time, the thermal management module 130 includes two pipelines, one inlet and one outlet, and forms a circulation loop.

[0123] The thermal management module 130 includes a main circuit formed by an expansion water tank, a pump 132, and a heat exchanger 133 connected in sequence through pipelines. The heat exchanger has a medium pump outlet pipe 1331, and the expansion water tank has a medium return pipe 1311. The medium pump outlet pipe 1331 is connected to the pile end interface 112 through a pipeline. The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 reaches the pile end interface 112 through the pipeline and enters the liquid outlet pipe 1524a of the charging gun cable 152. The liquid outlet pipe 1524a is made of a polymer thermal insulation material, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 quickly and heat-insulatingly passes through the liquid outlet pipe 1524a to the gun head body 1511 of the charging gun. A liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a is provided in the gun head body 1511. The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 cools the charging terminal 1512 that passes through the liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a in the liquid outlet cooling chamber 1511a. The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 then passes through the fluid interface 1513 of the charging gun head and enters the eVTOL, and then passes through the pipeline and the first battery cavity hole 211 in turn into the battery cavity 210. The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 fills the battery cavity 210, thereby directly cooling the battery cell 220. The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 then leaves the battery cavity 210 from the second battery cavity hole 212, and enters the liquid inlet cooling cavity 1511b through another fluid interface 1513 on the charging gun head. The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 cools the charging terminal 1512 that passes through the liquid inlet cooling cavity 1511b in the liquid inlet cooling cavity 1511b. The insulating heat exchange fluid 10 then enters the liquid inlet pipe 1524b of the charging gun cable 152. A plurality of second sub-phase change filling bodies 1523a are arranged in sequence along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 152, and the second sub-phase change filling body 1523a has a second through hole, so that the cavities between any two adjacent second sub-phase change filling bodies 1523a in the plurality of second sub-phase change filling bodies 1523a are connected through the second through hole to form a liquid inlet pipe 1524b, thereby significantly reducing the flow rate of the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the liquid inlet pipe 1524b to absorb the heat generated by the core. Then, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 passes through the pile end interface 112 and sequentially enters the device cavity 111 through the pipeline and the second device hole 1112, and the device cavity 111 is filled with the insulating heat exchange fluid 10, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 is in direct contact with each charging power device 120 to cool it. Then the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 passes through the second device hole 1112 to leave the device cavity 111 and returns to the medium return pipe 1311 through the pipeline.

[0124] It is worth mentioning that the flow rate of a single liquid outlet pipe 1524a or a single liquid inlet pipe 1524b is limited. If the cross-sectional area of ​​a single liquid outlet pipe 1524a or a single liquid inlet pipe 1524b is increased to increase the flow rate, the structural strength of the charging gun cable 152 may be insufficient. For this reason, in this example, two liquid outlet pipes 1524a and two liquid inlet pipes 1524b are provided in the charging gun cable 152.

[0125] In this example, a switch valve is also provided on the pipeline between the medium pump outlet pipe 1331 and the pile end interface 112, and an air filling branch is provided at the downstream of the switch valve, and the air filling branch includes a high-pressure gas storage device and a pressure reducing valve connected in sequence through the pipeline. When the battery pack is fully charged, the switch valve can be closed and the pressure reducing valve can be opened. Under the action of high air pressure, the non-combustible gas will enter the battery cavity in the eVTOL through the pile end interface along the pipeline. After the non-combustible gas enters the battery cavity, it squeezes the insulating heat exchange fluid 10, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 is discharged from the battery cavity 210. On the one hand, the insulating heat exchange fluid 10 in the battery cavity 210 is discharged, and on the other hand, the battery cavity 210 is filled with non-combustible gas to suppress the combustion of the battery cavity 210 when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cavity 210. The discharged insulating heat exchange fluid 10 can return to the expansion water tank along the pipeline. Excess non-combustible gas can also enter the expansion water tank and then be discharged to the outside through the exhaust port of the expansion water tank.

[0126] From the above two examples, it is not difficult to see that:

[0127] (1) Ordinary liquid cooling systems composed of ethylene glycol and water or refrigerants (Freon) are not compatible with immersed battery packs because their conductivity may involve safety issues. The above two examples use insulating, flash-free insulating heat exchange fluids that are compatible with immersed battery packs. Even if there is a leak, it will not cause safety problems due to its high insulation performance. In addition, the charging gun can directly provide coolant to the battery pack on the electric vehicle, so the thermal management device of the electric vehicle does not need to be started during charging. During the charging process, it can ensure that the battery cools down quickly while maintaining the temperature uniformity of the battery system, which is more convenient and energy-saving. At the same time, since the heat generated by most electric vehicles during discharge is less than that generated by fast charging (especially fast charging within 30 minutes), their built-in thermal management devices can only be responsible for the heat dissipation function during discharge, so their design power can be smaller, and their volume and weight can also be smaller.

[0128] In addition to the above two examples, when the electric vehicle eVTOL is in a low temperature environment, the heat exchanger 133 may include a PTC heater, which can also provide a heated insulating heat exchange fluid to heat the battery pack, which is faster and more convenient than traditional heating methods.

[0129] (2) Compared with air cooling and traditional liquid-cooled plate cooling, the above two examples use immersion cooling, which has a larger heat dissipation area and better heat dissipation effect, so it can support a larger charging power. Compared with the traditional liquid-cooled plate cooling system, there is no need to consider the insulation problem caused by leakage, so the immersion cooling system is simpler in design and more reliable. Under the same power, since there is no need to design isolation measures (isolation of coolant and heat dissipation components), the charging pile, charging gun cable and charging gun are smaller in size and lighter in weight, which improves the convenience of personnel operation.

[0130] (3) It can provide insulating heat exchange fluid to the battery pack, which is compatible with traditional liquid-cooled plate battery packs and immersed battery packs. During fast charging, due to the high heat generated by the battery pack, the general onboard thermal management system cannot provide the required cooling capacity. However, ground charging equipment can support higher charging power, thereby reducing charging time.

[0131] (4) The charging gun cable uses phase change material, which is wrapped around the outside of various functional wire cores to fix and absorb the heat of the wire cores. The phase change material is set in sections to reduce the weight of the cable. The space between the phase change material, the wire core and the protective layer of the cable outer wall becomes the insulating heat exchange fluid immersion space, which greatly increases the heat dissipation rate of the cable. Therefore, this cable is lighter than traditional cables and has better heat dissipation effect.

[0132] The above are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charging device, characterized in that: The charging device comprises: A pile body, the pile body having a device cavity, the pile body being detachably connected to an electric vehicle through a pipeline, and the electric vehicle having a battery cavity; a charging power device, the charging power device being disposed in the device cavity; and A thermal management module, wherein the thermal management module is connected to the device cavity to form a device heat exchange branch, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid of the thermal management module can flow in the device heat exchange branch and be filled into the device cavity, and the thermal management module is also constructed to be connected to the battery cavity to form a battery heat exchange branch when the pile body and the electric vehicle are connected by a pipeline, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid can flow in the battery heat exchange branch and be filled into the battery cavity; the thermal management module includes a main circuit, and the device heat exchange branch is connected in parallel with the battery heat exchange branch and then connected in series to the main circuit to form a circulation loop; or, the device heat exchange branch, the battery heat exchange branch and the main circuit are connected in series to form a circulation loop.

2. The charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main circuit includes a medium storage box, a pump and a heat exchanger which are connected in sequence through pipelines.

3. The charging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the device heat exchange branch, the battery heat exchange branch and the main circuit are connected in series, the device heat exchange branch and the battery heat exchange branch are connected in series to the main circuit in sequence.

4. The charging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thermal management module also includes an air filling and fluid replacement component; Wherein, the inflation and fluid exchange component is connected to the battery heat exchange branch, and is used to input non-combustible gas into the battery cavity to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid from the battery cavity; and / or, the inflation and fluid exchange component is connected to the device heat exchange branch, and is used to input non-combustible gas into the device cavity to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid from the device cavity.

5. The charging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The non-combustible gas includes one or more of inert gas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride.

6. The charging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas-charging and liquid-exchanging assembly comprises a gas-charging branch, and the gas-charging branch comprises a gas storage device and a gas-circuit valve which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; Wherein, the output end of the inflation branch is connected to the medium pump outlet pipe of the heat exchanger, and a switch valve is provided on the pipeline between the heat exchanger and the output end of the inflation branch; Wherein, the gas circuit valve is a pressure reducing valve.

7. The charging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat exchanger comprises a direct evaporation refrigeration cycle device or a semiconductor refrigeration device; and / or The main circuit further includes a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater, or the heat exchanger is connected to a heat pump system, and the heat pump system switches between a cooling mode and a heating mode.

8. The charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating heat exchange fluid is made of deionized water, electronic fluorinated liquid, hydrocarbons, esters or silicone oils.

9. The charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cavity is filled with a battery heat exchange medium, and the material of the battery heat exchange medium is consistent with the material of the insulating heat exchange fluid.

10. The charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The charging device further includes a charging gun, and the charging gun includes: a charging gun head having a fluid interface; and A charging gun cable, one end of which is connected to the charging gun head, and the other end of which is in communication with the thermal management module, wherein a fluid pipeline is provided in the charging gun cable, and the fluid pipeline is used for the insulating heat exchange fluid to flow through, and the fluid pipeline is in communication with the fluid interface; Wherein, when the charging gun head is connected to the electric vehicle, the thermal management module is communicated with the battery cavity through the fluid interface and the fluid pipeline to form the battery heat exchange branch.

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