Heating cable double-ram blowout preventer suitable for abnormal high-pressure flowing well

Abstract

The heating cable double-ram blowout preventer comprises a blowout preventer body, a connecting seat assembly, a hydraulic system assembly and a brake locking assembly, a through hole is formed in the middle of the blowout preventer body and used for placing a cable, the blowout preventer body penetrates left and right to form an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are used for installing the hydraulic system assembly, and the hydraulic system assembly is connected with the connecting seat assembly. The connecting seat assembly is connected to the upper end of the blowout preventer body, a cable is sealed at an inlet of the blowout preventer body, the hydraulic system assemblies are located at the left end and the right end of the blowout preventer body and used for providing power for the hydraulic system assemblies, and the brake locking assembly is connected to the hydraulic system assemblies and used for locking the hydraulic system assemblies. The manual control device is used for manually controlling the locking rod to lock the hydraulic system assembly. The heating cable double-ram blowout preventer suitable for the abnormal high-pressure flowing well can be used in cooperation with a high-pressure small-caliber heating cable during oil extraction, and sealing and blowout prevention of an abnormal high-pressure flowing well opening with the heating cable can be achieved when the heating cable exists in a shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of blowout preventers, in particular to a heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells. Background Art

[0002] There are many high-pressure self-flowing wells in Northwest my country, which are rich in resources and have broad development prospects. However, there are many crude oil resources with high wax, colloid and asphaltene content. However, due to the lack of supporting facilities, the exploitation process of such oil wells is currently hindered. In the exploitation process of such crude oil, the pressure of the produced liquid gradually decreases as it approaches the surface of the wellhead, and the crude oil continues to lose heat due to degassing, which will precipitate wax and colloid attached to the wellbore. As time goes by, the flow area in the well continues to decrease, resulting in a decrease in production. In severe cases, it will cause blockage of the wellbore, and the wellhead pressure will also cause "pressure holding" due to the reduction in the flow area. In order to simultaneously achieve wellbore heating and wellhead blowout prevention, a heating cable is selected to increase the well flow temperature and reduce the precipitation of wax and colloid. The heating cable is a three-phase star cable with a metal sheath commonly used in oil fields; in addition, a wellhead blowout preventer with a matching heating cable is required to close the wellhead during oil testing, well repair, completion and other operations to prevent blowout accidents. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a small-caliber, high-sealing-pressure wellhead blowout preventer that can be used with a heating cable.

[0003] In the Chinese patent application with application number: CN200720019960.8, a cable perforating three-gate hydraulic blowout preventer is involved, which is composed of a hydraulic system and a blowout preventer. The blowout preventer body is forged into a rectangular body with cast steel, a blowout box joint is provided at the upper end, a sealing grease cavity is provided below the blowout box, and a hydraulic cable sealer with a symmetrical piston, a hydraulic cable cutter with a symmetrical piston and a hydraulic cable locker with a symmetrical piston are provided in sequence from the sealing grease cavity downward; a flange connected to a tubing cross is provided at the lower end of the body; a blowout box, a cable sealer, a cable cutter and a cable locker are connected to the body with flange bolts at the upper part of the blowout box joint, and an inlet and outlet connected to a corresponding hydraulic cylinder provided in the body are provided on the respective connected flanges, and the hydraulic cylinder inlet is connected to the hydraulic pipeline of the hydraulic system; the blowout preventer ensures the safety of perforating operations and prevents the occurrence of blowout accidents.

[0004] In the Chinese patent application with application number: CN201420307973.5, a multifunctional manual light gate blowout preventer is involved. The front seal includes a first elastic body and ribs symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first elastic body, and a circular arc groove for accommodating cables is opened in the middle of one side of the rib, and the circular arc groove is filled with a second elastic body, and the width of the rib is smaller than the width of the first elastic body. When there is no cable in the first channel, the hand wheel propulsion device at the two ports of the second channel is rotated to push the sealing gate assembly to move inward, and the first elastic bodies of the two sealing gate assemblies are squeezed against each other to achieve full sealing; when there is a cable in the first channel, the hand wheel propulsion device at the two ports of the second channel is rotated to push the sealing gate assembly to move inward, and the first elastic bodies of the two sealing gate assemblies are squeezed against each other, and the cable squeezes the second elastic bodies on both sides and cooperates with the circular arc groove to achieve half sealing. The utility model is easy to operate, has stable and reliable sealing, and can realize free conversion between half sealing and full sealing.

[0005] In the Chinese patent application with application number: CN202120400546.1, a plug-in gate blowout preventer is involved, including a shear gate and a housing, two shear gates are symmetrically arranged in the housing, two cylinder assemblies are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the housing, the cylinder assembly is positioned and connected to the housing through a plug-in plate, the shear gate is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder assembly located on the inside, and the cylinder assembly drives the shear gate to move in the housing. Compared with conventional blowout preventers, the utility model is easy to operate, economical and practical, easy to use and maintain, has strong adaptability to the construction site environment, is safe and reliable, and has a small size and light weight. It is an ideal equipment for preventing dangerous accidents and environmental pollution in oilfield pressure cable operations.

[0006] In the Chinese patent application with application number: CN202210627483.2, an electric gate blowout preventer is involved, which relates to the field of drilling technology and solves the problems of multiple components and inaccurate control of the existing three-gate blowout preventer equipment, including a blowout preventer body, a through hole running through from top to bottom, gate cavities for placing gates are arranged on both sides of the through hole, the gates are movably arranged in the gate cavity, and the gate cavity runs through the side wall of the blowout preventer body; the gates on both sides are mutually embraced, and an embracing structure is arranged on the contact surface of the gates on both sides; the electric gate blowout preventer of the present invention is installed on the wellhead and used in conjunction with the electric annular blowout preventer. Compared with the hydraulic gate blowout preventer, the present invention replaces the hydraulic components with electric actuators, eliminating the hydraulic power station and control hose. The gate blowout preventer structure can be simplified, the overall dimensions of the gate blowout preventer can be reduced, the number of parts and components can be reduced, and the weight can be reduced, and the control can be more precise.

[0007] The above existing technologies are greatly different from the present invention and fail to solve the technical problem we want to solve. For this reason, we have invented a new heating cable double gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heating cable double gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells, which can drive double gates through a hydraulic system when a heating cable is present in the wellbore to achieve sealing and blowout prevention of the abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wellhead with a heating cable.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical measures: a heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells, the heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells includes a blowout preventer body, a connecting seat assembly, a hydraulic system assembly and a brake locking assembly. A through hole is provided in the middle of the blowout preventer body for placing a cable. The blowout preventer body is penetrated from left to right to form an upper and lower cavity for installing the hydraulic system assembly. The connecting seat assembly is connected to the upper end of the blowout preventer body to seal the cable at the inlet of the blowout preventer body. The hydraulic system assembly is located at the left and right ends of the blowout preventer body to provide power for the hydraulic system assembly. The brake locking assembly is connected to the hydraulic system assembly and is used to manually control the locking rod to achieve locking of the hydraulic system assembly.

[0010] The purpose of the present invention can also be achieved by the following technical measures:

[0011] The blowout preventer body comprises a shell and a side door. A vertical through hole is provided in the middle of the shell for placing a cable. The side door is fixed to the shell by bolt connection.

[0012] The shell is a rectangular body.

[0013] The connection seat assembly comprises a connection seat and a cable seal. The connection seat is connected and fixed to the upper end of the blowout preventer body through bolts; the cable seal seals the cable at the inlet of the blowout preventer body.

[0014] The cable sealing assembly includes a counterweight, a clamping block and a multi-layer sealing ring. The clamping block is installed inside the upper end of the connecting seat. The multi-layer sealing ring is placed inside the clamping block to wrap the cable for sealing. The counterweight is installed on the upper end of the connecting seat and is threadedly connected to achieve locking and sealing of the blowout preventer body at the cable inlet.

[0015] The hydraulic system assembly includes a cylinder sleeve, a cylinder head, a cylinder, a piston, a gate shaft, and a gate assembly. The cylinder sleeve is installed between the side door and the cylinder head. The cylinder head and the side door are connected by cylinder bolts, and the cylinder sleeve is also fixed. The cylinder of the hydraulic system assembly is formed in the cylinder sleeve, and the piston and the gate shaft are installed inside; the gate assembly is connected to the front end of the gate shaft, and the piston pushes the gate assembly to move under the action of hydraulic oil to achieve sealing and opening of the wellhead.

[0016] The gate assembly includes a front seal and a top seal. The front seal is located at the front end of the gate assembly and is a sealing block in contact with the cable. The top seal is a sealing block fixed to the upper part of the gate assembly. The cable is sealed by the front seal and the top seal.

[0017] The front seal and the top seal are self-locking to each other.

[0018] The brake locking assembly is connected and fixed to the cylinder cover, and the gate assembly is closed or locked by manually rotating a hand wheel.

[0019] The brake locking assembly also includes a locking rod and a locking rod observation window. Through the locking rod observation window, the position of the gate plate shaft can be viewed, so that the switch state of the gate plate assembly can be conveniently and intuitively determined.

[0020] The heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells in the present invention adopts a hydraulic system to control the switch of the double gates to achieve well pressure sealing, and adopts a hydraulic valve to control the high-pressure oil to enter the built-in oil channel of the shell through the high-pressure rubber hose and enter the rear chambers of the left and right hydraulic cylinder pistons, so as to push the gate shaft and the left and right gate assemblies to move toward the center of the wellhead respectively, and the two front seals squeeze and deform each other to seal the front part, and the top seal rubber part and the shell are compressed by the interference fit of the rubber part to form an initial seal; when there is pressure in the well, the well pressure pushes the two gates toward the center from the rear of the gate, so that the front seal is further squeezed and deformed, and at the same time, the well pressure pushes the gate from the bottom to float up and close to the upper sealing surface of the shell, so that the top seal is more reliable and sealing under high pressure conditions is achieved.

[0021] To sum up, compared with the prior art, the present invention can be used in conjunction with high-pressure small-diameter heating cables for oil production. When there are heating cables in the wellbore, the double gate plates can be driven by the hydraulic system to achieve sealing and blowout prevention of abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wellheads with heating cables. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the heating cable double-gate blowout preventer applicable to abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the gate structure in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a connecting seat in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure and connection relationship of the internal components of the liquid control console in a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations and / or combinations thereof.

[0028] The heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells of the present invention is composed of four parts: a blowout preventer body, a connecting seat assembly, a hydraulic system assembly and a brake locking assembly.

[0029] The BOP body consists of a shell and a side door. The shell is a rectangular body with a through hole in the middle for placing cables. The BOP body is penetrated from left to right to form two upper and lower chambers for the installation of a double-gate hydraulic system. The side door is connected and fixed to the shell by side door bolts.

[0030] The connection seat assembly consists of two parts: a connection seat and a cable sealing assembly. The connection seat is connected and fixed to the upper end of the blowout preventer body by bolts; the cable sealing assembly seals the cable at the blowout preventer inlet by a counterweight, a clamping block and a multi-layer sealing ring.

[0031] The hydraulic system assembly is composed of a cylinder sleeve, a cylinder head, an oil cylinder, a piston, a gate shaft, and a gate assembly. The cylinder sleeve is installed between the side door and the cylinder head, and the cylinder head and the side door are connected by the oil cylinder bolts, which also realizes the fixing of the cylinder sleeve. The oil cylinder of the hydraulic system is formed in the cylinder sleeve, and the piston and the gate shaft are installed inside; the front end of the gate shaft is connected to the gate assembly, and the piston pushes the gate to move under the action of hydraulic oil to achieve the sealing and opening of the wellhead. The gate assembly seals the cable through the front seal and top seal on the gate, and the front seal and top seal on the gate are self-locking to each other.

[0032] The brake locking assembly is connected and fixed to the cylinder head, and the gate is closed or locked by manually rotating the hand wheel. The position of the gate shaft can be viewed through the locking rod observation window, so as to conveniently and intuitively determine the switch state of the blowout preventer.

[0033] The following are several specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] In a specific embodiment 1 of the present invention, the present invention is composed of four parts: a blowout preventer body, a connection seat assembly, a brake locking assembly and a hydraulic system assembly. Figure 1 As shown, the shell 1 is a cube-like body with a through hole in the middle for placing the cable 3; the blowout preventer body is penetrated from left to right to form an upper and lower chamber for the installation of a double-gate hydraulic system; the side door 2 is connected and fixed to the side door by side door bolts.

[0036] The connection seat assembly is composed of a connection seat 4 and a cable sealing assembly 5. The connection seat 4 is connected and fixed to the upper end of the blowout preventer body by bolts; Figure 3 As shown, the cable sealing assembly 5 realizes sealing of the cable 3 at the inlet of the blowout preventer through a counterweight 5-1, a clamping block 5-2 and a multi-layer sealing ring 5-3.

[0037] The hydraulic system assembly is composed of a cylinder sleeve 6, a cylinder head 7, an oil cylinder 8, a piston 9, a gate shaft 10, and a gate assembly 11. The cylinder sleeve 6 is installed between the side door 2 and the cylinder head 7. The cylinder head 7 is connected to the side door 2 by the oil cylinder bolts, and the cylinder sleeve 6 is fixed. The oil cylinder 8 of the hydraulic system is formed in the cylinder sleeve 6, and the piston 9 and the gate shaft 10 are installed inside. The gate assembly 11 is connected to the front end of the gate shaft 10. Under the action of the hydraulic oil, the piston 9 pushes the gate to move, so as to seal and open the wellhead. Figure 2 As shown, the gate assembly 11 seals the cable 3 through the front seal 11-1 and the top seal 11-2 on the gate, and the front seal 11-1 and the top seal 11-2 on the gate are self-locking to each other.

[0038] Component 12 is a brake locking assembly, which is connected and fixed with the matching cylinder head 7. The gate assembly can be closed or locked by manually rotating the locking rod. Through the locking rod observation window, the position of the gate shaft can be checked, which is convenient and intuitive to determine the switch status of the blowout preventer.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, during the matching process, when used for the first time, since the pipeline and the oil cylinder 8 are empty, the required oil filling amount is large; after the first use, the oil tank should be filled with dozens of liters of hydraulic oil, and the air in the hose and the oil cylinder should be discharged repeatedly. If the oil in the hose and the oil cylinder does not leak after the first use, the oil consumption can be greatly reduced when used for the second time.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, when adjusting the gate opening, the electrical signal from the control box console is transmitted to the electric power pump of the external power supply. The hydraulic oil in the oil tank flows through the channel body and the plate valve with the kinetic energy provided by the pump and finally reaches the oil cylinder of the blowout preventer and is converted into pressure work to act on the hydraulic system assembly, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the gate opening. At the same time, parameter signals such as the pressure in the cylinder will be fed back to the display interface of the console, providing a guarantee basis for real-time monitoring of cylinder pressure and ensuring safety on site.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] Due to the short operation cycle and frequent handling of underground blowout preventers, in order to achieve safe operation under less investment conditions, the auxiliary equipment configuration strives to be small, light, simple and practical. Therefore, the hydraulic control console equipped with the hydraulic blowout preventer is a special operation blowout preventer hydraulic control console, which has the advantages of complete functions, small size and light weight. In order to meet the safety of operation, three sets of reversing valves are required to control the semi-seal respectively, and the matching accumulator system can meet the needs of three-time single-gate blowout preventer switch; the oil inlet flange is NPT 1 / 2″ connection form, and the connecting pipeline is a high-pressure oil-resistant hose, and the hose length is generally 30~35m / root.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] Except for the technical features described in the specification, all other technical features are known technologies to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells, characterized by: The heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells includes a blowout preventer body, a connecting seat assembly, a hydraulic system assembly and a brake locking assembly. A through hole is provided in the middle of the blowout preventer body for placing a cable. The blowout preventer body is penetrated from left to right to form an upper and lower chamber for installing the hydraulic system assembly. The connecting seat assembly is connected to the upper end of the blowout preventer body to seal the cable at the inlet of the blowout preventer body. The hydraulic system assembly is located at the left and right ends of the blowout preventer body and is used to provide power for the hydraulic system assembly. The brake locking assembly is connected to the hydraulic system assembly and is used to manually control a locking rod to achieve locking of the hydraulic system assembly.

2. The heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The blowout preventer body comprises a shell and a side door. A vertical through hole is provided in the middle of the shell for placing a cable. The side door is fixed to the shell by bolt connection.

3. The heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The shell is a rectangular body.

4. The heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connection seat assembly comprises a connection seat and a cable seal. The connection seat is connected and fixed to the upper end of the blowout preventer body through bolts; the cable seal seals the cable at the inlet of the blowout preventer body.

5. The heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The cable sealing assembly includes a counterweight, a clamping block and a multi-layer sealing ring. The clamping block is installed inside the upper end of the connecting seat. The multi-layer sealing ring is placed inside the clamping block to wrap the cable for sealing. The counterweight is installed on the upper end of the connecting seat and is threadedly connected to achieve locking and sealing of the blowout preventer body at the cable inlet.

6. The heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The hydraulic system assembly includes a cylinder sleeve, a cylinder head, a cylinder, a piston, a gate shaft, and a gate assembly. The cylinder sleeve is installed between the side door and the cylinder head. The cylinder head and the side door are connected by cylinder bolts, and the cylinder sleeve is also fixed. The cylinder of the hydraulic system assembly is formed in the cylinder sleeve, and the piston and the gate shaft are installed inside; the gate assembly is connected to the front end of the gate shaft, and the piston pushes the gate assembly to move under the action of hydraulic oil to achieve sealing and opening of the wellhead.

7. The heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The gate assembly includes a front seal and a top seal. The front seal is located at the front end of the gate assembly and is a sealing block in contact with the cable. The top seal is a sealing block fixed to the upper part of the gate assembly. The cable is sealed by the front seal and the top seal.

8. The heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The front seal and the top seal are self-locking to each other.

9. The heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The brake locking assembly is connected and fixed to the cylinder cover, and the gate assembly is closed or locked by manually rotating a hand wheel.

10. The heating cable double-gate blowout preventer suitable for abnormally high-pressure self-flowing wells according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The brake locking assembly also includes a locking rod and a locking rod observation window. Through the locking rod observation window, the position of the gate plate shaft can be viewed, so that the switch state of the gate plate assembly can be conveniently and intuitively determined.

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