Layout method and installation method of lightning protection system structure and lightning protection cable

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power blade lightning protection, in particular to a layout method of a lightning protection system structure, which simplifies a lightning protection system, only retains the design of a blade tip section, adjusts the overall installation process of the lightning protection system, and delays packaging, so that connection points are reduced, and the overall reliability of the lightning protection system is improved. The structural layout of a lightning protection system commonly used in the industry is greatly simplified, the blade root section of an existing lightning protection system is simplified, and only the blade tip with the length of about 20 m is reserved. Therefore, flexible arrangement of connection between the lightning protection system and the blade is realized. The structure layout of the lightning protection system commonly used in the industry is combined with an integrated tool scene commonly used in large blade production, and the high-low voltage connection position of the main cable of the lightning protection system and the connection position of the integrated tool are combined into one, so that the number of fractures of the main cable of the lightning protection system is reduced, and the overall reliability of the lightning protection system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine blade lightning protection, and specifically provides a lightning protection system structure layout method and an installation method thereof and a lightning protection cable. Background Art

[0002] Wind turbine blades usually include a lightning protection system, which is a lightning protection system on the wind turbine blades of a wind turbine generator set. The lightning protection system is mainly composed of a lightning rod arranged on the surface of the blade and a wire arranged inside the blade body. The lightning rod is connected to the wire, and the wire is provided with an interface with the whole machine at the root of the blade. Lightning is received by the lightning rod and connected to the lightning protection system of the whole machine through the wire, thereby preventing the fiberglass reinforced plastic of the blade body from being struck by lightning.

[0003] The main structural components of the lightning protection system for wind turbine blades include two types: internal lightning arresters and external lightning arresters. The internal lightning arrester achieves the lightning protection function by placing a lightning arrester inside the blade. It is usually composed of a conductor, a protective device and a grounding device. The conductor is connected to the metal structure inside the blade. When struck by lightning, it absorbs high voltage, disperses the electrical energy through the protective device, and quickly directs the charge to the ground. The external lightning arrester installs a lightning rod on the surface of the blade, and uses high-voltage polar materials to quickly disperse the charge and direct it to the ground, protecting the blade from lightning damage. The lightning protection system for wind turbine blades consists of multiple key components, designed to protect the blades from lightning damage.

[0004] In the prior art, the following patents are related to lightning protection systems for wind turbine blades: 1.CN205744280U A lightning protection structure for a wind turbine blade discloses a lightning protection structure for a wind turbine blade, wherein a lightning protection cable is pre-buried in a blade tip extension section, and a metal connecting block at the end of the lightning protection cable is reasonably positioned in the blade tip extension section away from the blade tip, so that the metal connecting block and the metal tip of the lightning protection of the basic blade have a certain overlap area in the span direction and the chord direction, and the blade tip extension section is connected with the basic blade, and the metal connecting block and the aluminum tip of the basic blade are connected by a metal connector, so as to realize a path for transmitting lightning current between the blade extension section and the basic blade tip. When a lightning strike occurs, the metal aluminum tip of the blade tip extension section receives the lightning current, and the current passes through the lightning protection cable pre-buried in the blade extension section, and is conducted to the metal tip of the basic blade along the bolts in the metal connecting block, and then the lightning current is conducted down through the lightning protection system of the basic blade, so as to effectively solve the lightning protection problem in the blade extension process and prevent the wind turbine blades from being damaged by lightning strikes.

[0005] 2. CN118548188A relates to a method for improving the reliability of a blade lightning protection system and a lightning protection cable, which improves the reliability of the lightning protection system by reducing the number of crimping breakpoints of the main cable of the lightning protection system by changing the connection point position between the medium and high voltage cables and the low voltage cables, or reducing the number of breakpoints of the medium and high voltage cables, or reducing the number of breakpoints of the low voltage cables, wherein the method for reducing the number of breakpoints on the low voltage cable is to shorten the length of the low voltage cable to the disconnection between the web one and the web two, so that the low voltage cable no longer has a breakpoint at the disconnection between the web one and the web two, wherein the method for changing the connection point position between the medium and high voltage cables and the low voltage cables is to extend the medium and high voltage line to the disconnection between the web one and the web two, and crimp the medium and high voltage line and the low voltage line at the disconnection between the web one and the web two, so that there is only one breakpoint on the cable of the lightning protection system. The present invention improves the reliability and integration of the lightning protection system and reduces the cost.

[0006] However, the lightning protection system in the prior art has the following problems: there are too many connection points in the lightning protection system, which makes the cables easy to break during operation and lose the lightning protection effect; the lightning protection system has a low degree of integration, and there are long sections of unprocessed cables at the main cable end.

[0007] In summary, how to design a layout method for the lightning protection system structure that can be flexibly adjusted and matched according to the blade manufacturing process and reduce the potential risks of transportation is an issue that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a layout method of the lightning protection system structure, which greatly simplifies the commonly used lightning protection system structure layout in the industry, simplifies the blade root section of the current lightning protection system, and only retains a length of about 20 meters at the blade tip. Thereby, a flexible arrangement of the connection between the lightning protection system and the blade is achieved. And the commonly used lightning protection system structure layout in the industry is combined with the integrated tooling scene commonly used in the production of large blades, so that the high and low voltage connections of the main cable of the lightning protection system and the integrated tooling connection are combined into one, thereby reducing the number of breaks in the main cable of the lightning protection system and improving the overall reliability of the lightning protection system.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a layout method for a lightning protection system structure, which simplifies the lightning protection system and only retains the design of the blade tip section, adjusts the overall installation process of the lightning protection system, delays packaging, reduces connection points, and improves the overall reliability of the lightning protection system.

[0010] The layout method of the lightning protection system structure of the present invention is mainly achieved by changing the existing design concept of the blade lightning protection system and changing the installation and production process of the blade lightning protection system, thereby simplifying the existing lightning protection system structure. Combined with the blade production process, it greatly reduces the blade root section with fewer processed parts in the lightning protection system. The blade manufacturer can flexibly match the components of the lightning protection system during production, which can reduce the crimping breakpoints of the main cable of the lightning protection system and improve the reliability of the lightning protection system.

[0011] Furthermore, the blade tip section with the branch conductor and the blade root section are separated into two parts, and a lightning protection cable is installed on the blade root section; the connection point between the blade tip section and the blade root section is set to one, thereby achieving an improvement in the overall reliability of the lightning protection system after installation.

[0012] Furthermore, the connection method of the blade root section is: the lightning protection cable is straightened on the web, and the lightning protection cable is fixed to the web by bonding or screwing.

[0013] Furthermore, the blade tip section is provided with a high-voltage cable and a medium-voltage branch cable. The medium-voltage branch cable is arranged on both sides of the medium-voltage or high-voltage blade tip section main cable to form a branch. The medium-voltage branch cables are arranged at intervals from the blade tip to the blade root section, and the length of the middle section of the interval section is shorter than the length of the interval section at both ends.

[0014] Furthermore, the medium voltage branch cable gradually increases from the blade tip to the blade root section.

[0015] Furthermore, the lightning protection cable of the blade root section is a low-voltage cable.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to disclose an installation method for the above-mentioned lightning protection system structure. Before installation, it is necessary to ensure that it is divided into two sections, namely, a blade tip section with a lightning protection system, a medium-voltage or high-voltage blade tip section main cable, a branch cable and a lightning arrester, and a blade root section with only a low-voltage cable; first, a medium-voltage or high-voltage cable is arranged at the center of the blade tip section, and then the medium-voltage branch cables are connected respectively according to the distance; when the lightning protection system is installed on the web, the medium-voltage and high-voltage cables of the blade tip section of the lightning protection system are extended all the way to the connection between the webs of the blade tip section and the blade root section, and finally crimped in the mold closing stage.

[0017] Furthermore, the connection points of the two web sections of the blade tip section and the blade root section are reduced to one.

[0018] Another object of the present invention is to disclose a lightning protection cable prepared by the installation method of the above-mentioned lightning protection system structure.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention greatly simplifies the structure and layout of the lightning protection system commonly used in the industry, simplifies the blade root section of the current lightning protection system, and only retains the blade tip length of about 20 meters, thereby achieving flexible arrangement of the connection between the lightning protection system and the blade.

[0020] 2. The present invention adjusts the overall installation process of the lightning protection system and delays its packaging timing, thereby reducing the number of connection points, improving the overall reliability of the lightning protection system and improving its stability performance.

[0021] 3. The present invention simplifies the lightning protection system, retaining only the blade tip section; the blade root section can be flexibly adjusted and matched according to the manufacturing of the blade, and the potential risks of transportation are reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is the cable connection diagram of the original blade lightning protection system; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the blade lightning protection system of the present solution provided according to Example 1 of the present invention.

[0023] The reference numerals include: medium- and high-voltage cables 1 , medium-voltage branch cables 2 , and low-voltage cables 3 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In the following, reference will be made to the Figure 1-2 Embodiments of the present invention are described. In the following description, the same modules are represented by the same reference numerals. In the case of the same reference numerals, their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, the detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following Figure 1-2 It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Example 1

[0026] Similar to the solution in the background art, the original solution of the blade lightning protection system in the present invention has too many connection points, which makes the cables easy to break during operation and lose the lightning protection effect. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the layout method of the lightning protection system structure simplifies the lightning protection system and only retains the design of the blade tip section. The overall installation process of the lightning protection system is adjusted and the packaging is delayed, so that the connection points are reduced and the overall reliability of the lightning protection system is improved.

[0027] In the structural design of the wind turbine blade lightning protection system, only the medium- and high-voltage cables 1 or medium-voltage branch cables 2 (medium-voltage cables for copper lightning protection systems and high-voltage cables for aluminum alloy lightning protection systems) of the blade tip section are retained. During the installation phase of the blade lightning protection system, the main body of the lightning protection system including the blade tip section (medium-voltage cables for copper lightning protection systems and high-voltage cables for aluminum alloy lightning protection systems) is directly installed on the front section web, and the lightning protection cable is directly installed on the rear section web. During the blade mold closing phase, the two points are crimped again to merge the two-section contact points of the lightning protection system with the high-voltage and low-voltage contact points.

[0028] Specifically, the blade tip section and the blade root section with the branch conductor are separated into two parts, and a lightning protection cable is installed on the blade root section; the connection point between the blade tip section and the blade root section is set to one, thereby achieving an improvement in the overall reliability of the lightning protection system after installation.

[0029] In this embodiment, the connection method of the blade root section is as follows: the lightning protection cable is placed straight on the web, and the lightning protection cable is fixed to the web by bonding or screwing. The blade tip section is provided with medium-voltage and high-voltage cables and medium-voltage branch cables. The medium-voltage branch cables are arranged on both sides of the high-voltage cables to form branches. The medium-voltage branch cables are arranged at intervals from the blade tip to the blade root section, and the length of the middle section of the interval section is shorter than the length of the interval sections at both ends. II-V in the figure are the connection points of the medium-voltage branch cables and the high-voltage cables.

[0030] The medium-voltage branch cable gradually increases from the blade tip to the blade root section; the lightning protection cable at the blade root section is a low-voltage cable 3.

[0031] In order to simplify the lightning protection system of the AB section directly to the AI ​​section, the BI section is fixed directly on the web by the blade during the production process, and is crimped after the AI ​​section is installed on the web. The two cable connection parts at the main cable are relatively fragile structures, which will greatly reduce the reliability of the cable and cause stress concentration during the operation of the wind turbine, and ultimately lead to the risk of surrounding cable breakage. The method of the present invention can reduce the two connection points of the BI section in the figure to one, thereby improving the overall reliability of the lightning protection system after installation.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the high-voltage cable of the blade tip section of the lightning protection system is 25 meters long. There is a cable docking point at the transition between the high-voltage and low-voltage cables. During actual installation in the factory, the lightning protection system cable will be completely straightened on the belly and fixed on the belly by means of structural adhesive and other methods. The conventional lightning protection system has a low-voltage cable in the BI section shown in the figure. This section of cable can now be optimized and fixed directly on the belly by the blade manufacturer, making the lightning protection system more stable and reducing the material production cost of the lightning protection system. When installing the lightning protection system on the belly, crimp the lightning protection system and the lightning protection cable on the belly at I.

[0033] The installation method of the lightning protection system structure in this embodiment needs to ensure that it is divided into two sections before installation, namely the blade tip section with the lightning protection system blade tip, branch cable, blade tip section main cable and lightning arrester, and the blade root section with only low-voltage cable; first, a medium-voltage or high-voltage cable is set at the center of the blade tip section, and then the medium-voltage branch cable is connected respectively according to the distance; when the lightning protection system is installed on the web, the high-voltage cable of the blade tip section of the lightning protection system is extended all the way to the connection between the blade tip section and the blade root section web, and finally crimped in the mold closing stage; the connection point of the blade tip section and the blade root section web is reduced to one.

[0034] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

[0035] The above specific implementations of the present invention do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A layout method of a lightning protection system structure, characterized in that: By simplifying the lightning protection system and retaining only the design of the blade tip section, the overall installation process of the lightning protection system is adjusted and the packaging is delayed, the number of connection points is reduced, thereby improving the overall reliability of the lightning protection system.

2. The layout method of the lightning protection system structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The blade tip section and the blade root section with the branch conductor are separated into two parts, and a lightning protection cable is installed on the blade root section; the connection point between the blade tip section and the blade root section is set to one, thereby achieving an improvement in the overall reliability of the lightning protection system after installation.

3. The layout method of the lightning protection system structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The connection method of the blade root section is: the lightning protection cable is straightened on the web, and the lightning protection cable is fixed on the web by bonding or screwing.

4. The layout method of the lightning protection system structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The blade tip section is provided with medium- and high-voltage cables and medium-voltage branch cables. The medium-voltage branch cables are arranged on both sides of the medium-voltage or high-voltage blade tip section main cables to form branches. The medium-voltage branch cables are arranged at intervals from the blade tip to the blade root section, and the length of the middle section of the interval section is shorter than the length of the interval sections at both ends.

5. The layout method of the lightning protection system structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The length of the medium voltage branch cable gradually increases from the blade tip to the blade root.

6. The layout method of the lightning protection system structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The lightning protection cable of the blade root section is a low-voltage cable.

7. The method for installing a lightning protection system structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Before installation, it is necessary to ensure that it is divided into two sections, namely the blade tip with the lightning protection system, branch cable, medium-voltage or high-voltage cable in the blade tip section and lightning arrester, and the blade root section with only low-voltage cable; first, set the medium-voltage or high-voltage cable in the center of the blade tip section, and then connect the medium-voltage branch cable according to the distance; when the lightning protection system is installed on the belly, extend the medium-voltage and high-voltage cables of the blade tip section of the lightning protection system to the connection between the two belly sections of the blade tip section and the blade root section, and finally crimp them during the mold closing stage.

8. The method for installing the lightning protection system structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connection points of the two web sections of the blade tip section and the blade root section are reduced to one.

9. A lightning protection cable prepared according to the installation method of the lightning protection system structure according to claim 8.

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