Impact energy tester and test method

Abstract

This invention discloses an impact energy tester and testing method, including a base, a sample reaction chamber, and a lifting device. The sample reaction chamber includes a sample reaction chamber shell, a sample seat, and an impact column. The lifting device includes a lead screw device and an electromagnetic release device, and also includes a guide rod installed on the top surface of the sample reaction chamber, with the electromagnetic release device sleeved on the guide rod. The impact energy tester also includes an impact block located between the electromagnetic release device and the sample reaction chamber shell. The impact energy tester also includes a gas detector. The impact energy tester provided by this invention uses mechanical lifting and release of the impact block to test the impact energy of energetic materials. The testing process is unmanned, resulting in low safety risks. Furthermore, the use of a gas detector to collect and detect the NO component generated during the reaction ensures that the test judgment is free from subjective human factors and has high testing accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of explosive testing equipment technology, specifically to an impact energy tester and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] Energetic materials such as solid or liquid explosives, propellants, and initiators possess characteristics such as high energy density and high mechanical sensitivity. During the preparation, processing, transportation, and application processes, external stimuli such as collisions, impacts, and drops can occur between materials and equipment, tooling, or contact surfaces, potentially triggering combustion and explosion accidents. Especially for energetic materials prepared using new materials, processes, formulations, or methods, impact energy testing is essential to determine their impact sensitivity.

[0003] Impact sensitivity is the degree to which energetic materials ignite or explode under mechanical impact, and it is an important indicator for assessing the safety of energetic materials. Currently, research has been conducted both domestically and internationally on impact sensitivity testing devices and methods for energetic materials. In China, the standards for impact sensitivity testing have been established, including GB / T 21567-2008 "Test Method for Impact Sensitivity of Dangerous Goods and Explosives," and GJB 772A-97 Method 601.1 Explosion Probability Method, Method 601.2 Characteristic Drop Height Method, and Method 601.3 Type 12 Tool Method. However, most domestic devices are based on the Castells impact sensitivity meter, which suffers from low automation, low testing accuracy, and poor safety, thus limiting the quantitative characterization of impact sensitivity of energetic materials and posing certain health hazards to testing personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an impact energy tester that solves the problems of low testing accuracy and poor safety of existing devices.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an impact energy tester, including a base, and further including a sample reaction chamber and a lifting device installed on the base.

[0006] The sample reaction chamber includes a sample reaction chamber shell and a sample holder installed at the bottom of the sample reaction chamber shell.

[0007] The sample reaction chamber also includes an impact column, which extends through the top of the sample reaction chamber shell and is located above the sample holder.

[0008] The lifting device includes a lead screw assembly and an electromagnetic release device sleeved on the lead screw assembly, wherein the lead screw assembly is vertically mounted on the base.

[0009] The lifting device also includes a guide rod installed on the top surface of the sample reaction chamber, and the electromagnetic release device is sleeved on the guide rod.

[0010] The impact energy tester also includes an impact block sleeved on the guide rod, the impact block being located between the electromagnetic release device and the sample reaction chamber shell.

[0011] The impact energy tester also includes a gas detector installed inside the sample reaction chamber housing.

[0012] The present invention also has the following technical features:

[0013] The lead screw device includes a servo motor and a lifting lead screw connected to the servo motor, and the electromagnetic release device is sleeved on the lifting lead screw.

[0014] The servo motor is installed in a motor mounting box, which is arranged side by side with the sample reaction chamber.

[0015] The motor mounting box is equipped with a bearing mounting seat on top, and the bearing mounting seat is connected to the lifting screw through a bearing.

[0016] The top ends of the lifting screw and the guide rod are connected by a connecting plate, and a bearing is installed between the lifting screw and the connecting plate.

[0017] The servo motor is connected to the lifting screw via a coupling.

[0018] The electromagnetic release device is used to clamp or release the impact block.

[0019] The impact block is also equipped with a standard impact block.

[0020] The sample reaction chamber is also equipped with a first limiting sleeve and a second limiting sleeve.

[0021] The first limiting sleeve is installed at the position where the impact column exits the sample reaction chamber, and the second limiting sleeve is installed inside the sample reaction chamber and is mounted on the side wall of the sample reaction chamber via a mounting plate.

[0022] The first and second limiting sleeves are fitted onto the outside of the impact column.

[0023] The base is also equipped with a mechanism to prevent secondary impacts.

[0024] The aforementioned anti-secondary impact mechanism includes anti-collision steps installed on both sides of the impact block, wherein the anti-collision steps are arranged in a stepped shape on the side facing away from the impact block.

[0025] The secondary impact protection mechanism also includes a secondary impact protection mounting frame and an anti-collision bracket installed on the secondary impact protection mounting frame;

[0026] The anti-collision bracket includes an electromagnet and an anti-collision extension rod connected by an internal return spring.

[0027] The gas detector is also connected to a computer.

[0028] This invention also provides an impact energy testing method, implemented using the aforementioned impact energy testing instrument, specifically including the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: Clean and start the impact energy tester.

[0030] Step 2: Place the sample to be tested on the sample holder.

[0031] Step 3: Select and install the standard impact block onto the impact block.

[0032] Step 4: Remotely set the lifting height. The servo motor drives the lifting screw to lift the electromagnetic release device, which in turn lifts the impact block.

[0033] Step 5: The electromagnetic release device releases the impact block, which falls freely and strikes the impact column, which then strikes the sample to be tested.

[0034] Step Six: Remotely monitor the reaction process.

[0035] Step 7: The gas detector detects the NO concentration and transmits the detected NO concentration to the computer.

[0036] Step 8: Reset the impact block.

[0037] Step 9: Analyze the data using computers and generate reports.

[0038] Step 10: Manually clean the impact energy tester.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0040] (I) The impact energy tester provided by the present invention uses mechanical lifting and releasing of impact blocks to test the impact energy of energetic materials. The test process is unmanned, with low safety risk. Furthermore, a gas detector is used to collect and detect the NO component generated in the reaction, and the test judgment is free from subjective human factors, resulting in high test accuracy.

[0041] (II) The impact energy tester provided by this invention is simple in structure, easy to operate, safe and reliable, and highly adaptable.

[0042] (III) The impact energy testing method provided by this invention is unmanned during the testing process, with low safety risk. Furthermore, it uses a gas detector to collect and detect the NO component generated in the reaction, and the test judgment is free from subjective factors, resulting in high test accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the impact energy tester of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a side view of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention.

[0046] The meanings of the labels in the attached diagram are as follows:

[0047] 1-Base, 2-Sample reaction chamber, 3-Lifting device, 4-Impact block, 5-Gas detector, 6-Anti-secondary impact mechanism.

[0048] 2-1-Sample reaction chamber shell, 2-2-Sample seat, 2-3-Impact column, 2-4-First limiting sleeve, 2-5-Second limiting sleeve.

[0049] 3-1-Screw assembly, 3-2-Electromagnetic release device, 3-3-Guide rod.

[0050] 6-1-Anti-collision step, 6-2-Anti-secondary-impact mounting bracket, 6-3-Anti-collision bracket.

[0051] 3-1-1-Servo motor, 3-1-2-Lifting screw, 3-1-3-Motor mounting box, 3-1-4-Bearing mounting base, 3-1-5-Bearing, 3-1-6-Connecting plate.

[0052] 6-3-1 Electromagnet, 6-3-2 Anti-collision extension rod.

[0053] The specific content of the present invention will be further explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0054] Unless otherwise specified, all components in this invention are components known in the prior art.

[0055] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. All equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0056] Example 1:

[0057] This embodiment provides an impact energy tester, such as 1- Figure 3 As shown, it includes a base 1, a sample reaction chamber 2 and a lifting device 3 mounted on the base 1.

[0058] The base 1 is made of 20mm thick steel plate and serves as a protective and supportive element. The flatness deviation of the instrument is ≤0.20mm.

[0059] The sample reaction chamber 2 includes a sample reaction chamber shell 2-1 and a sample holder 2-2 installed at the bottom of the sample reaction chamber shell 2-1.

[0060] The sample reaction chamber 2 also includes an impact column 2-3, which extends through the top of the sample reaction chamber shell 2-1 and is located above the sample holder 2-2.

[0061] The lifting device 3 includes a lead screw device 3-1 and an electromagnetic release device 3-2 sleeved on the lead screw device 3-1. The lead screw device 3-1 is vertically mounted on the base 1.

[0062] The lifting device 3 also includes a guide rod 3-3 installed on the top surface of the sample reaction chamber 2, and the electromagnetic release device 3-2 is sleeved on the guide rod 3-3.

[0063] The impact energy tester also includes an impact block 4 sleeved on the guide rod 3-3, the impact block 4 being located between the electromagnetic release device 3-2 and the sample reaction chamber shell 2-1.

[0064] The impact energy tester also includes a gas detector 5 installed inside the sample reaction chamber housing 2-1.

[0065] The electromagnetic release device 3-2 is used to clamp or release the impact block 4.

[0066] First, start and clean the impact energy tester. Place the sample to be tested on the sample holder 2-2. Select and install the standard impact block on the impact block 4. Set the lifting height. The servo motor 3-1-1 drives the lifting screw 3-1-2 to lift the electromagnetic release device 3-2. The electromagnetic release device 3-2 drives the impact block 4 to lift. The electromagnetic release device 3-2 releases the impact block 4. The impact block 4 falls freely and impacts the impact column 2-3. The impact column 2-3 then impacts the sample to be tested. The gas detector 5 detects the NO concentration to complete the impact energy test. Finally, manually clean the impact energy tester.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment:

[0068] The lead screw device 3-1 includes a servo motor 3-1-1 and a lifting lead screw 3-1-2 connected to the servo motor 3-1-1, and the electromagnetic release device 3-2 is sleeved on the lifting lead screw 3-1-2.

[0069] The servo motor 3-1-1 is installed in the motor mounting box 3-1-3, which is arranged side by side with the sample reaction chamber 2.

[0070] Servo motor 3-1-1 is used to drive lifting screw 3-1-2.

[0071] As a preferred embodiment:

[0072] The motor mounting box 3-1-3 is equipped with a bearing mounting seat 3-1-4 on its top, and the bearing mounting seat 3-1-4 is connected to the lifting screw 3-1-2 through a bearing 3-1-5.

[0073] The top ends of the lifting screw 3-1-2 and the guide rod 3-3 are connected by a connecting plate 3-1-6, and a bearing is installed between the lifting screw 3-1-2 and the connecting plate 3-1-6.

[0074] The servo motor 3-1-1 is connected to the lifting screw 3-1-2 via a coupling.

[0075] The lifting screw 3-1-2 is driven by the servo motor 3-1-1. The torque required by the servo motor 3-1-1 and the reducer is ≥2.28Nm, and the power required is P=Tn / 9549. The lifting height is precisely controlled by the number of rotations and the screw pitch, with a lifting range of 0~1000mm and a lifting accuracy of 1mm. The total load of the lifting screw 3-1-2 is 80Kg. The guide rod 3-3 serves as a guide for the electromagnetic release device 3-2. It has a diameter of Φ35mm, is surface hardened, and has a surface finish of Ra<0.8. The coaxiality is <0.1mm per meter. The guide rail perpendicularity is ≤1mm / m. The drop hammer coaxiality is ≤φ3.0mm.

[0076] As a preferred embodiment:

[0077] The impact block 4 is also equipped with a standard impact block; different weights of standard impact blocks can be selected to achieve different impact energies.

[0078] As a preferred embodiment:

[0079] The sample reaction chamber 2 is also equipped with a first limiting sleeve 2-4 and a second limiting sleeve 2-5.

[0080] The first limiting sleeve 2-4 is installed at the position where the impact column 2-3 passes through the sample reaction chamber 2, and the second limiting sleeve 2-5 is installed inside the sample reaction chamber 2 and is installed on the side wall of the sample reaction chamber 2 by means of a mounting plate.

[0081] The first limiting sleeve 2-4 and the second limiting sleeve 2-5 are fitted on the outside of the impact column 2-3.

[0082] The impact column 2-3 is fixed by two first limiting sleeves 2-4 and second limiting sleeves 2-5 to prevent impact deformation.

[0083] As a preferred embodiment:

[0084] The base 1 is also equipped with a secondary impact protection mechanism 6.

[0085] The anti-secondary impact mechanism 6 includes anti-collision steps 6-1 installed on both sides of the impact block 4, and the anti-collision steps 6-1 are set in a step shape on the side facing away from the impact block 4.

[0086] The secondary impact prevention mechanism 6 further includes a secondary impact prevention mounting bracket 6-2 and an impact prevention bracket 6-3 installed on the secondary impact prevention mounting bracket 6-2.

[0087] The anti-collision bracket 6-3 includes an electromagnet 6-3-1 and an anti-collision extension rod 6-3-2 connected by an internal reset spring.

[0088] When the electromagnet 6-3-1 is de-energized, the anti-collision extension rod 6-3-2 pops out under the action of the reset spring; after the impact block 4 hits the sample to be tested, it bounces and moves vertically upward. When it falls again, the anti-collision step 6-1 will be blocked by the anti-collision extension rod 6-3-2, and will not hit the sample to be tested a second time.

[0089] As a preferred embodiment:

[0090] The gas detector 5 is also connected to a computer.

[0091] Example 2:

[0092] An impact energy testing method, implemented using the impact energy testing instrument described in Example 1, specifically includes the following steps:

[0093] Step 1: Clean and start the impact energy tester.

[0094] Step 2: Place the sample to be tested on sample holder 2-2.

[0095] Step 3: Select and install the standard impact block onto impact block 4.

[0096] Step 4: Remotely set the lifting height. Servo motor 3-1-1 drives lifting screw 3-1-2 to lift electromagnetic release device 3-2. Electromagnetic release device 3-2 drives impact block 4 to lift.

[0097] Step 5: Electromagnetic release device 3-2 releases impact block 4, which falls freely and impacts impact column 2-3, which then impacts the sample to be tested.

[0098] Step Six: Remotely monitor the reaction process.

[0099] Step 7: Gas detector 5 detects the NO concentration and transmits the detected NO concentration to the computer.

[0100] Step 8: Reset impact block 4.

[0101] Step 9: Analyze the data using computers and generate reports.

[0102] Step 10: Manually clean the impact energy tester.

[0103] The impact energy tester of this invention adopts a human-machine isolation and remote operation mode. It only requires cleaning the equipment before testing, selecting and installing the standard impact block, and setting the lifting height of the impact block. The lifting and releasing of the impact block is completed by a servo motor and an electromagnetic release device. The test process is unmanned and has low safety risks.

[0104] The impact energy tester is based on the national standard GB / T 21567-2008 "Test Method for Impact Sensitivity of Dangerous Explosives" and the principle of the BAM impact sensitivity meter, and has been improved according to process requirements. A servo motor drives the impact block upwards, while an electromagnetic attraction force firmly grips the impact block. When the electromagnet is de-energized, the impact block falls freely downwards along a linear guide rail, applying energy to the sample to obtain the minimum combustion or explosion conditions for a reaction or change. The testing process requires no manual intervention and is highly automated.

[0105] The impact energy tester uses a gas detector to detect the NO component produced in the reaction and determine whether the sample has reacted. The test judgment is free from human subjective factors and has high accuracy.

[0106] The above technical solutions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention without creative effort are covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact energy tester comprising a base (1), characterised in that, The impact energy tester further comprises a sample reaction chamber (2) and a lifting device (3) installed on the base (1); The sample reaction chamber (2) comprises a sample reaction chamber shell (2-1) and a sample seat (2-2) installed at the bottom of the sample reaction chamber shell (2-1); The sample reaction chamber (2) further comprises an impact column (2-3) which penetrates through the top of the sample reaction chamber shell (2-1) and is located above the sample seat (2-2); The lifting device (3) comprises a lead screw device (3-1) and an electromagnetic release device (3-2) sleeved on the lead screw device (3-1), and the lead screw device (3-1) is vertically installed on the base (1); The lifting device (3) further comprises a guide rod (3-3) installed on the top surface of the sample reaction chamber (2), and the electromagnetic release device (3-2) is sleeved on the guide rod (3-3); The impact energy tester further comprises an impact block (4) sleeved on the guide rod (3-3), and the impact block (4) is located between the electromagnetic release device (3-2) and the sample reaction chamber shell (2-1); The impact energy tester further comprises a gas detector (5) installed in the sample reaction chamber shell (2-1); The base (1) is further provided with a secondary impact prevention mechanism (6); The secondary impact prevention mechanism (6) comprises anti-collision steps (6-1) installed on both sides of the impact block (4), and the anti-collision steps (6-1) are arranged in a stepped manner on the side away from the impact block (4); The secondary impact prevention mechanism (6) further comprises a secondary impact prevention mounting bracket (6-2) and an anti-collision support (6-3) installed on the secondary impact prevention mounting bracket (6-2); The anti-collision support (6-3) comprises an electromagnet (6-3-1) and an anti-collision extension rod (6-3-2) connected by an internal return spring.

2. The impact energy tester of claim 1, wherein, The lead screw device (3-1) comprises a servo motor (3-1-1) and a lifting lead screw (3-1-2) connected with the servo motor (3-1-1), and the electromagnetic release device (3-2) is sleeved on the lifting lead screw (3-1-2); The servo motor (3-1-1) is installed in a motor mounting box (3-1-3), and the motor mounting box (3-1-3) is arranged side by side with the sample reaction chamber (2).

3. The impact energy tester of claim 2, wherein, A bearing mounting seat (3-1-4) is installed on the top of the motor mounting box (3-1-3), and the bearing mounting seat (3-1-4) is connected with the lifting lead screw (3-1-2) through a bearing (3-1-5); The top ends of the lifting lead screw (3-1-2) and the guide rod (3-3) are connected through a connecting plate (3-1-6), and a bearing is installed between the lifting lead screw (3-1-2) and the connecting plate (3-1-6); The servo motor (3-1-1) is connected with the lifting lead screw (3-1-2) through a shaft coupling.

4. The impact energy tester of claim 2, wherein, The electromagnetic release device (3-2) is used for clamping or releasing the impact block (4).

5. A test instrument for impact energy as defined in claim 1, wherein, A standard impact block is further installed on the impact block (4).

6. The impact energy tester of claim 5, wherein, The sample reaction chamber (2) is further provided with a first limiting sleeve (2-4) and a second limiting sleeve (2-5); The first limiting sleeve (2-4) is installed at the position where the impact column (2-3) penetrates the sample reaction chamber (2), and the second limiting sleeve (2-5) is installed in the sample reaction chamber (2) and is installed on the side wall of the sample reaction chamber (2) through the mounting plate. The first limiting sleeve (2-4) and the second limiting sleeve (2-5) are sleeved outside the impact column (2-3).

7. The impact energy tester of claim 1, wherein, The gas detector (5) is further connected to a computer.

8. A method of impact energy testing, characterized by, The impact energy tester is implemented by using any one of the impact energy testers according to claims 1-7, and specifically includes the following steps: Step one: clean and start the impact energy tester; Step two: place the sample to be tested on the sample seat (2-2); Step three: select and install the standard impact block on the impact block (4); Step four: remotely set the lifting height, the servo motor (3-1-1) drives the lifting lead screw (3-1-2) to lift the electromagnetic release device (3-2), and the electromagnetic release device (3-2) drives the impact block (4) to lift; Step five: the electromagnetic release device (3-2) releases the impact block (4), the impact block (4) freely falls to impact the impact column (2-3), and the impact column (2-3) then impacts the sample to be tested; Step six: remotely monitor the reaction process; Step seven: the gas detector (5) detects the concentration of NO, and transmits the detected concentration of NO to the computer; Step eight: reset the impact block (4); Step nine: computer data analysis, report generation; Step ten: manual cleaning of the impact energy tester.

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