Zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for suppressing zinc dendrites and methods of making and using same

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of liquid flow batteries, and particularly relates to a zinc-bromine liquid flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites and a preparation method and application thereof; the zinc-bromine liquid flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites comprises the following steps: mixing zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, 4-methyl-4-ethyl bromide morpholine and ammonium isethionate, dissolving them in water to obtain solution A; dissolving Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 in concentrated hydrochloric acid respectively, ultrasonic oscillation dissolving, diluting with water, and mixing to obtain solution B; mixing and stirring solution A and solution B to obtain the zinc-bromine liquid flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites. The application can effectively inhibit the generation of zinc dendrites in the zinc-bromine liquid flow battery, and the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation pool prepared by the application can directly observe the in-situ growth process of zinc deposition, without disassembling the battery, so that the experimental time is greatly saved, the experimental efficiency is improved, and the experimental cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flow batteries, specifically relating to a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for suppressing zinc dendrites, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Flow batteries, as a type of electrochemical energy storage battery, can store surplus electrical energy during periods of abundance and supply it during periods of scarcity, making them an important component of renewable energy. Currently, flow batteries mainly include vanadium redox flow batteries, iron redox flow batteries, iron-chromium flow batteries, and zinc-bromine flow batteries. Among these, zinc-bromine batteries have received widespread attention due to their high theoretical energy density [430 (W·h) / kg], low cost, environmental friendliness, high safety performance, and ability to achieve 100% deep discharge.

[0003] While zinc-bromine flow batteries offer many advantages, they also present several technical challenges. During charging, the zinc load on the negative electrode plate increases, leading to uneven zinc deposition. Protruding areas tend to deposit zinc more rapidly, eventually forming spiky dendrites – zinc dendrites. These dendrites typically grow along the negative electrode surface, potentially penetrating the separator and causing a short circuit in the electrolyte, resulting in self-discharge and even thermal runaway. Zinc dendrite formation not only affects cycle stability but also significantly shortens battery life. Therefore, effectively suppressing zinc dendrite formation in zinc-bromine flow batteries remains a critical issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrite formation, its preparation method, and its application, so as to solve the problems in the prior art and effectively inhibit the formation of zinc dendrites in zinc-bromine flow batteries.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that suppresses zinc dendrites, comprising:

[0007] Zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, 4-methyl-4-ethylmorpholine bromide, and ammonium hydroxyethylsulfonate are mixed and dissolved in water to obtain solution A;

[0008] Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 were dissolved separately in concentrated hydrochloric acid, dissolved by ultrasonic vibration, diluted with water, and mixed to obtain solution B;

[0009] Solution A and solution B are mixed and stirred to obtain a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that suppresses zinc dendrites.

[0010] Preferably, the zinc ion concentration in the electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is 1~3 mol / L.

[0011] Preferably, the zinc perchlorate concentration in the electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is 2~4 mol / L.

[0012] Preferably, the concentration ratio of 4-methyl-4-ethylmorpholine bromide to ammonium hydroxyethylsulfonate in the electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is (1~2):1.

[0013] Preferably, the concentration ratio of Pb(NO3)2 to BiCl3 in the electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is (2~4):1.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that suppresses zinc dendrites.

[0015] Thirdly, the present invention provides the application of a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that suppresses zinc dendrites in the field of flow batteries.

[0016] Preferably, the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is used to prepare a zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation cell; the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation cell includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode; a separator is provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is provided in the cavity between the separator and the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and an observation window is provided on the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation cell.

[0017] Preferably, the positive electrode material is carbon felt, carbon plate, or carbon cloth; the negative electrode material is carbon felt, carbon plate, or carbon cloth.

[0018] Preferably, the cavity is provided with an inlet and an outlet on both sides.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention reduces battery internal resistance and improves solution conductivity by supporting the electrolyte zinc perchlorate; it reduces self-discharge by using bromine complexing agents MEM and AHES to complex polybrominates in the electrolyte; and it inhibits zinc dendrite formation during multiple deep charge-discharge cycles by using inhibitors Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3. The synergistic effect of adding lead and bismuth salts increases the polarization overpotential of zinc, resulting in more uniform and dense electrodeposition on the cathode side, making zinc dendrite formation less likely. Simultaneously, the addition of lead and bismuth salts improves solution conductivity, reduces solution polarization, decreases solution resistance, and enhances electrochemical activity. The addition of inhibitors also accelerates mass transfer and electrochemical reactions. This invention effectively suppresses zinc dendrite formation in zinc-bromine flow batteries.

[0021] Furthermore, the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation cell prepared by this invention allows for direct observation of the in-situ growth process of zinc deposition through the observation window; the electrolyte is introduced through the inlet and outlet for flow experiments, eliminating the need to disassemble and reassemble the battery, which greatly saves experimental time, improves experimental efficiency, and reduces experimental costs. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a diagram of zinc dendrite growth in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a diagram of zinc dendrite growth in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a diagram of zinc dendrite growth in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a diagram of zinc dendrite growth in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a diagram of zinc dendrite growth in Comparative Example 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a diagram of zinc dendrite growth in Comparative Example 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to understand the features and effects of the present invention, the terms and expressions used in the specification and claims are explained and defined in general below. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art regarding the present invention, and in case of conflict, the definitions in this specification shall prevail.

[0030] The theories or mechanisms described and disclosed herein, whether right or wrong, should not in any way limit the scope of the invention, that is, the contents of the invention can be implemented without being limited by any particular theory or mechanism.

[0031] In this document, all features defined by numerical ranges or percentage ranges, such as numerical values, quantities, contents, and concentrations, are for the sake of brevity and convenience only. Accordingly, descriptions of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be considered as covering and specifically disclosing all possible sub-ranges and individual numerical values ​​(including integers and fractions) within those ranges.

[0032] In this article, unless otherwise specified, “contains,” “includes,” “containing,” “has,” or similar terms cover the meanings of “composed of” and “mainly composed of,” for example, “A contains a” covers the meanings of “A contains a and others” and “A contains only a.”

[0033] For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in each implementation scheme or embodiment are described herein. Therefore, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, the technical features in each implementation scheme or embodiment can be combined arbitrarily, and all possible combinations should be considered within the scope of this specification.

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0035] The first objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrite formation, namely, adding a stable and inhibitory additive to the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte, the specific steps of which include:

[0036] Zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, 4-methyl-4-ethylmorpholine bromide (MEM) and ammonium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate isethionic acid ammonium salt (AHES) are mixed and dissolved in water (preferably deionized water) to obtain solution A;

[0037] Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 were dissolved separately in concentrated hydrochloric acid, dissolved by ultrasonic vibration, diluted with water (preferably deionized water), and mixed to obtain solution B;

[0038] Solution A and solution B are mixed and stirred to obtain a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that suppresses zinc dendrites.

[0039] This invention reduces battery internal resistance and increases solution conductivity by adding zinc perchlorate as a supporting electrolyte to the zinc-bromine electrolyte. Compared with traditional zinc chloride as a supporting electrolyte, zinc chloride causes zinc ions to react with chloride ions during battery operation, leading to a decrease in solution conductivity and making it easier for zinc dendrites to form, increasing electrolyte instability. Zinc perchlorate, as a supporting electrolyte, can improve zinc dissolution efficiency and reduce bromine transfer, thereby reducing the impact of zinc dendrites.

[0040] This invention addresses the issue of adding bromine complexing agents MEM and AHES to a zinc-bromine electrolyte. This complexing agent can bind polybromine ions in the electrolyte, reducing self-discharge. Compared to using MEM alone, which can lead to bromine solidification and precipitation in the electrolyte, thus affecting the electrolyte's cycle performance and causing battery failure, the addition of AHES allows it to adsorb around zinc dendrites during charging, forming an electrostatic shield that prevents further zinc deposition on the dendrites and promotes stable and uniform zinc growth.

[0041] This invention suppresses zinc dendrite formation during multiple deep charge-discharge cycles by adding novel zinc dendrite inhibitors Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 to the zinc-bromine electrolyte. The synergistic effect of the lead and bismuth salts increases the polarization overpotential of zinc, resulting in more uniform and dense electrodeposition on the cathode side, thus reducing the likelihood of zinc dendrite formation. Simultaneously, the addition of lead and bismuth salts improves solution conductivity, reduces solution polarization, decreases solution resistance, and enhances electrochemical activity. Furthermore, the addition of the inhibitors accelerates mass transfer and the electrochemical reaction.

[0042] The zinc ion concentration in the electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is 1-3 mol / L. The zinc ion concentration directly affects the energy density and efficiency of the battery. A zinc ion concentration of 1-3 mol / L can improve the battery's energy storage capacity, increase its discharge current, and also help improve the battery's cycle stability, ensuring a stable and efficient charge transfer process.

[0043] The zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte contains a zinc perchlorate concentration of 2-4 mol / L. The zinc perchlorate solution has high conductivity, which effectively promotes charge transport within the battery. A zinc perchlorate concentration of 2-4 mol / L is crucial for improving the battery's discharge capacity, helping to suppress zinc dendrite growth, and thus improving the battery's lifespan and stability.

[0044] The concentration ratio of MEM to AHES in the electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is (1~2):1. This concentration optimizes the solubility, viscosity, and ionic conductivity of the electrolyte. MEM, as an organic solvent, effectively reduces the interaction between bromides and other components in the battery, preventing the formation of precipitates and improving the battery's energy conversion efficiency. AHES helps alleviate crystallization within the electrolyte and reduces its viscosity, thereby improving the battery's cycle performance and charge / discharge rate.

[0045] The concentration ratio of Pb(NO3)2 to BiCl3 in the electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is (2~4):1. Lead and bismuth salts help improve the stability of the electrolyte and the safety of the battery, forming stable complexes in the electrolyte and reducing the formation of harmful byproducts. This concentration ratio helps to increase the battery's voltage plateau, enabling the battery to maintain a more stable voltage output during discharge, while reducing the incidence of side reactions, thereby improving the cycle life and efficiency of the zinc-bromine flow battery.

[0046] A second objective of this invention is to provide a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that suppresses zinc dendrite formation. This electrolyte effectively inhibits the formation of zinc dendrites in the zinc-bromine flow battery, thereby reducing the occurrence of short circuits and significantly improving battery safety. Suppressing zinc dendrites facilitates uniform zinc deposition, thus increasing the battery's energy density and discharge efficiency. Furthermore, the battery's charge and discharge process becomes more stable, reducing performance fluctuations under high load conditions.

[0047] Additives in the electrolyte of zinc-bromine flow batteries (zinc perchlorate, MEM, AHES, Pb(NO3)2, and BiCl3) can reduce the influence of electrolyte concentration polarization on the negative electrode during zinc dendrite growth, preventing zinc ions from preferentially migrating to the negative electrode tip due to the strong electric field in uneven areas of the negative electrode surface, thus avoiding the formation of zinc dendrites. Simultaneously, the additives can also reduce the hydrogen evolution reaction near the negative electrode, slowing down zinc dendrite formation. The additives affect the nucleation and growth mechanism during zinc deposition, thereby inhibiting zinc dendrite formation and enabling zinc to grow uniformly and flatly on the negative electrode surface. The additives influence the positive and negative electrode reaction kinetics of zinc-bromine batteries, their ability to inhibit zinc dendrite formation, and the battery's charge-discharge performance, providing a foundation for the development of high-performance and high-stability zinc-bromine batteries.

[0048] A third objective of this invention is to provide an application of a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrite formation in the field of flow batteries. This zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is used to prepare an in-situ zinc dendrite growth observation cell, allowing for direct observation of the in-situ growth process of zinc deposition without the need to disassemble the battery, thus significantly saving experimental time, improving experimental efficiency, and reducing experimental costs.

[0049] The zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation cell includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode; a separator is provided between the positive and negative electrodes; zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is placed in the cavity between the separator and both the positive and negative electrodes; an observation window is provided on the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation cell. The separator is used to separate the positive and negative electrodes to prevent short circuits inside the battery. It can effectively prevent direct contact between the two electrodes of zinc ions in the electrolyte, thereby avoiding short circuits or side reactions inside the battery. The observation window allows for direct observation of the in-situ growth process of zinc deposition.

[0050] The positive electrode material is carbon felt, carbon plate, or carbon cloth; the negative electrode material is carbon felt, carbon plate, or carbon cloth. Carbon-based materials possess excellent conductivity, chemical stability, and mechanical strength, which not only improves the overall conductivity of the battery but also reduces the internal resistance, thereby increasing the battery's efficiency and energy density. The porous structure of carbon materials provides a large specific surface area, facilitating the effective adsorption and release of zinc ions and improving the battery's charge and discharge rates. Furthermore, carbon materials exhibit good corrosion resistance and chemical stability, maintaining long-term stability in harsh electrolyte environments and reducing electrode material degradation.

[0051] The cavity is provided with an inlet and an outlet on both sides for introducing electrolyte to conduct flow experiments.

[0052] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0053] The following examples use instruments and equipment conventional in the art. Experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are generally performed under conventional conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer. All raw materials used in the following examples are conventional commercially available products with specifications conventional in the art. In this specification and the following examples, unless otherwise specified, "%" refers to weight percentage, "parts" refers to parts by weight, and "ratio" refers to weight proportion.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] Step 1: Add zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, MEM and AHES to a beaker and dissolve them with an appropriate amount of deionized water to form solution A;

[0056] Step 2: Dissolve Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 separately in a small amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid, sonicate for 20 minutes, then dilute with deionized water and mix to form solution B;

[0057] Step 3: Mix solution A and solution B together and stir with a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes to form a homogeneous solution, thus obtaining a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrites;

[0058] Step 4: Assemble the in-situ growth observation cell for zinc dendrites, using carbon felt as the positive and negative electrodes. Pour the prepared zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte into the observation cell at a flow rate of 30 mL / min, connect the power supply, and observe the in-situ growth process of zinc dendrites. The zinc dendrite growth results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0059] The zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte contains 1 mol / L zinc ions, 2 mol / L zinc perchlorate, 0.5 mol / L MEM, 0.5 mol / L AHES, 0.1 mol / L Pb(NO3)2, and 0.05 mol / L BiCl3.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] Step 1: Add zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, MEM and AHES to a beaker and dissolve them with an appropriate amount of deionized water to form solution A;

[0062] Step 2: Dissolve Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 separately in a small amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid, sonicate for 30 minutes, then dilute with deionized water and mix to form solution B;

[0063] Step 3: Mix solution A and solution B together and stir with a magnetic stirrer for 50 minutes to form a homogeneous solution, thus obtaining a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrites;

[0064] Step 4: Assemble the in-situ growth observation cell for zinc dendrites, using carbon cloth as the positive and negative electrodes. Pour the prepared zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte into the observation cell at a flow rate of 30 mL / min, connect the power supply, and observe the in-situ growth process of zinc dendrites. The zinc dendrite growth results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0065] The zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte contains 3 mol / L zinc ions, 4 mol / L zinc perchlorate, 1 mol / L MEM, 0.5 mol / L AHES, 0.2 mol / L Pb(NO3)2, and 0.05 mol / L BiCl3.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] Step 1: Add zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, MEM and AHES to a beaker and dissolve them with an appropriate amount of deionized water to form solution A;

[0068] Step 2: Dissolve Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 separately in a small amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid, sonicate for 25 minutes, then dilute with deionized water and mix to form solution B;

[0069] Step 3: Mix solution A and solution B together and stir with a magnetic stirrer for 40 minutes to form a homogeneous solution, thus obtaining a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrites;

[0070] Step 4: Assemble the in-situ growth observation cell for zinc dendrites, using carbon plates as the positive and negative electrodes. Pour the prepared zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte into the observation cell at a flow rate of 30 mL / min. Connect the power supply and observe the in-situ growth process of zinc dendrites. The zinc dendrite growth results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0071] The zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte contains 2 mol / L zinc ions, 2 mol / L zinc perchlorate, 0.5 mol / L MEM, 0.5 mol / L AHES, 0.15 mol / L Pb(NO3)2, and 0.05 mol / L BiCl3.

[0072] Comparative Example 1

[0073] Step 1: Add zinc bromide to a beaker and dissolve it with an appropriate amount of deionized water. Stir with a magnetic stirrer for 20 minutes to form a homogeneous solution, thus obtaining a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte without additives.

[0074] Step 2: Assemble the in-situ growth observation cell for zinc dendrites, using carbon plates as the positive and negative electrodes. Pour the prepared zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte into the observation cell at a flow rate of 30 mL / min, connect the power supply, and observe the in-situ growth process of zinc dendrites. The zinc dendrite growth results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0075] The concentration of zinc ions in the electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is 2 mol / L.

[0076] Comparative Example 2

[0077] Step 1: Add zinc bromide and zinc perchlorate to a beaker and dissolve them in an appropriate amount of deionized water. Stir with a magnetic stirrer for 20 minutes to form a homogeneous solution, thus obtaining a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte containing a supporting electrolyte.

[0078] Step 2: Assemble the observation cell, using carbon plates as the positive and negative electrodes. Pour the prepared zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte into the cell at a flow rate of 30 mL / min. Connect the power supply and observe the in-situ growth process of zinc dendrites. The zinc dendrite growth results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0079] The zinc ion concentration in the electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is 2 mol / L, and the zinc perchlorate concentration is 2 mol / L.

[0080] Comparative Example 3

[0081] Step 1: Add zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, MEM and AHES to a beaker and dissolve them in an appropriate amount of deionized water. Stir with a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes to form a homogeneous solution, and obtain a zinc bromide flow battery electrolyte containing supporting electrolyte and complexing agent.

[0082] Step 2: Assemble the observation cell, using carbon plates as the positive and negative electrodes. Pour the prepared zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte into the cell at a flow rate of 30 mL / min. Connect the power supply and observe the in-situ growth process of zinc dendrites. The zinc dendrite growth results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown.

[0083] The zinc ion concentration in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is 2 mol / L, the zinc perchlorate concentration is 2 mol / L, the MEM concentration is 0.5 mol / L, and the AHES concentration is 0.5 mol / L.

[0084] The zinc deposition morphologies obtained in Examples 1-3 are shown in the figure. Figures 1-3 For the zinc deposition morphologies obtained in Comparative Examples 1-3, please refer to [reference needed]. Figures 4-6 .from Figures 1-3 As can be seen, this invention has a good inhibitory effect on the growth of zinc dendrites; from Figures 3-6 It can be seen that zinc perchlorate, MEM, AHES, Pb(NO3)2, and BiCl3 all have an inhibitory effect on the growth of zinc dendrites in the electrolyte of zinc-bromine flow batteries, and the inhibitory effect is cumulative.

[0085] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that suppresses zinc dendrites, characterized in that, include: Zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, 4-methyl-4-ethylmorpholine bromide, and ammonium hydroxyethylsulfonate are mixed and dissolved in water to obtain solution A; Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 were dissolved separately in concentrated hydrochloric acid, dissolved by ultrasonic vibration, diluted with water, and mixed to obtain solution B; Solution A and solution B are mixed and stirred to obtain a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that suppresses zinc dendrites; The concentration ratio of 4-methyl-4-ethylmorpholine bromide to ammonium hydroxyethylsulfonate in the electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is (1~2):1; The concentration ratio of Pb(NO3)2 to BiCl3 in the electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is (2~4):

1.

2. The method for preparing a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for suppressing zinc dendrites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zinc ion concentration in the electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is 1~3 mol / L.

3. The method for preparing a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for suppressing zinc dendrites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zinc perchlorate concentration in the electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is 2-4 mol / L.

4. A zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for suppressing zinc dendrites, characterized in that, It is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The application of the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for suppressing zinc dendrites as described in claim 4 in the field of flow batteries.

6. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is used to prepare an in-situ zinc dendrite growth observation cell; the in-situ zinc dendrite growth observation cell includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode; a separator is provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is provided in the cavity between the separator and the positive electrode and the negative electrode; an observation window is provided on the in-situ zinc dendrite growth observation cell.

7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that, The positive electrode material is carbon felt, carbon plate, or carbon cloth; the negative electrode material is carbon felt, carbon plate, or carbon cloth.

8. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cavity is provided with an inlet and an outlet on both sides.

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