Combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to performing one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning, such as using sidelink time difference of arrival (SL-TDoA) and sidelink round trip time (SL-RTT) positioning techniques in a single sidelink positioning session. Positioning measurements for a particular device (e.g., a target UE) are generated by both the particular device and a set of additional devices, and the positioning measurements are provided to a positioning computing entity that can estimate the location of the particular device.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. patent application serial number 63 / 419,304, filed on October 25, 2022, entitled “COMBINED ONE-TO-MANY AND MANY-TO-ONE SIDELINK POSITIONING,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications and, more particularly, to one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning. Background Art

[0004] A wireless communication system may include one or more network communication devices (such as base stations), which may also be referred to as eNodeB (eNB), next generation NodeB (gNB) or other suitable terms. Each network communication device (such as a base station) may support wireless communication for one or more user communication devices, which may also be referred to as user equipment (UE) or other suitable terms. A wireless communication system may support wireless communication with one or more user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, time slots, subframes, frames, etc.) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers). In addition, a wireless communication system may support wireless communication across various radio access technologies, including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, and other suitable radio access technologies other than 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G)).

[0005] Various applications that may run on a UE or a network entity may wish to know the location of the UE. However, since the UE may be mobile, the location of the UE may change over time. Therefore, a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) may be used to determine the location or position of the UE. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatus and systems for supporting combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning. Sidelink refers to wireless communication performed directly with another UE by one UE, such as through a device-to-device communication link. Sidelink positioning refers to the use of a sidelink to generate positioning measurements to be used when estimating the position of a device. The position can be an absolute position, a relative position relative to another UE / network entity, a distance relative to another UE / network entity, a direction relative to another UE / network entity, or a combination thereof. The technology discussed herein performs one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning, such as using sidelink time difference of arrival (SL-TDoA) and sidelink round trip time (SL-RTT) positioning techniques in a single sidelink positioning session. Positioning measurements for a target UE are generated by both the target UE and the anchor UE, and these positioning measurements are provided to a positioning computing entity that can estimate the location (position) of the target UE. By combining one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning into a single session, a position estimate of a device (e.g., UE) can be determined efficiently and quickly.

[0007] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may also include: receiving a first signaling from a first set of devices, the first signaling indicating a first side link positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) set sent in a many-to-one manner; generating a first positioning measurement set based on the first SL-PRS set; in response to receiving the first SL-PRS set, sending a second signaling indicating an additional side link positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) to the first set of devices in a one-to-many manner; receiving a third signaling indicating a second positioning measurement set from the first set of devices; and sending a fourth signaling indicating a measurement report including the first positioning measurement set and the second positioning measurement set.

[0008] In some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein, the methods and apparatus may further include: in response to receiving the first SL-PRS set, sending a fifth signaling indicating an SL-PRS measurement report to the first device set. Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus includes a target UE, and the first device set includes one or more of the following items: an anchor UE, a sidelink positioning server UE, and a roadside unit. Additionally or alternatively, each positioning measurement in the first positioning measurement set and the second positioning measurement set includes one or more of the following items: a sidelink reference signal time difference, a sidelink relative arrival time, a user equipment receive and send time difference, a sidelink arrival angle, a sidelink reference signal received power, and a sidelink reference signal received path power. Additionally or alternatively, the sidelink reference signal time difference measurement is defined as the sidelink relative timing difference between the transmission point (TP) of anchor device j and the reference TP of anchor device i, defined as T SubframeRx,j -T SubframeRx,i , where: T SubframeRx,jis the time when the user equipment receives the start of a subframe from the TP of anchor device j, and T SubframeRx,i is the time at which the user equipment receives the corresponding start of a subframe from the TP of anchor device i that is closest in time to the subframe received from the TP of anchor device j. Additionally or alternatively, the sidelink relative time of arrival measurement is defined as the start of the sidelink subframe i of the SL-PRS resources received at each device in the first set of devices relative to a sidelink relative time of arrival (SL-RTOA) reference time, the SL-RTOA reference time being further defined by T0+t SL-PRS Definition, where T0 is the nominal start time of system frame number (SFN) 0 or direct frame number (DFN) 0, and t SL-PRS By (10n SL-F +n SL-SF )×10 -3 Definition, where n SL-F and n SL-SF In addition or alternatively, the user equipment receive-send time difference measurement is defined as the difference between the reception time of a SL-PRS and the subsequent transmission time of another SL-PRS, represented by T UE-RX -T UE-TX Definition, where T UE-RX is the user equipment reception timing of the sidelink subframe #i from the sidelink device, defined by the first detection path in time, and T UE-TXThe user equipment transmit timing of the sidelink subframe #j defined as the subframe #i that is closest in time to the subframe #i received from the sidelink device. Additionally or alternatively, the method and apparatus may further include receiving a fifth signaling indicating a configuration message for performing one-to-many SL-PRS transmission and many-to-one SL-PRS reception. Additionally or alternatively, the configuration message includes one or more of the following items: a sidelink positioning protocol message, a sidelink control information, a sidelink media access control element, a PC5-RRC message, a PC5-S message, a vehicle-to-everything message, and a neighboring service layer message. Additionally or alternatively, the configuration message includes a trigger including a SL-PRS propagation type indicator, a transmission order of the SL-PRS, and a type of positioning technology to be performed, the SL-PRS propagation type indicator indicating a transmission type for the SL-PRS via a first level sidelink control information (SCI) or a second level SCI. Additionally or alternatively, the SL-PRS propagation type indicator includes one of the following: a unicast indication, a multicast indication, a one-to-many indication, a many-to-one indication, or a broadcast indication. Additionally or alternatively, the one-to-many indication or the many-to-one indication includes multiple separate unicast signaling. Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message for performing sidelink positioning includes one or more of the following: the number of identified anchor devices, the type of positioning method, the transmission order indication of the SL-PRS, the user equipment identifier of the user equipment involved in the configured sidelink positioning session, the propagation type indicator, the indication of the configured reference anchor device, and synchronization information. Additionally or alternatively, sending the second signaling includes sending the second signaling in the order of transmission, including first sending the first SL-PRS in a one-to-many manner, and then sending the additional SL-PRS in a many-to-one manner. Additionally or alternatively, the method and apparatus may also include sending a fourth signaling to one or more of the following: a base station, a location management function, a roadside unit, a sidelink positioning server user equipment, and a sidelink positioning client user equipment. Additionally or alternatively, the method and apparatus may further include receiving fifth signaling indicating a reference anchor device for generating a first positioning measurement set, wherein the reference anchor device is one of the first device set. Additionally or alternatively, the method and apparatus may further include wherein the fifth signaling further indicates an SL-PRS identifier that allows a specific SL-PRS resource to be identified, a subframe boundary offset at a location of the anchor device between the reference anchor device and an additional device in the first device set, and a quality of a real-time difference between the reference anchor device and the additional device in the first device set.

[0009] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may also include: sending first signaling indicating a first SL-PRS to a first device in a many-to-one manner; receiving second signaling indicating a second SL-PRS from the first device in a one-to-many manner in response to the first SL-PRS; generating a first positioning measurement based on the second SL-PRS; and sending a third signaling indicating a third SL-PRS or a measurement report including the first positioning measurement.

[0010] In some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein, the methods and apparatus may further include receiving a fourth signaling indicating a SL-PRS measurement report from the first device. Additionally or alternatively, the first device includes a target UE, and the apparatus includes one or more of the following items: an anchor UE, a sidelink positioning server UE, and a roadside unit. Additionally or alternatively, the first positioning measurement includes one or more of the following items: a sidelink reference signal time difference, a sidelink relative arrival time, a user equipment receive and send time difference, a sidelink arrival angle, a sidelink reference signal received power, and a sidelink reference signal received path power. Additionally or alternatively, the methods and apparatus described herein, the methods and apparatus may further include receiving a fourth signaling indicating a configuration message for performing one-to-many SL-PRS reception and many-to-one SL-PRS transmission. Additionally or alternatively, the configuration message includes one or more of the following: sidelink control information (SCI), a sidelink media access control element (SL MAC CE), a sidelink positioning protocol message, a PC5-RRC message, a PC5-S message, a vehicle-to-everything message, and a neighboring service layer message. Additionally or alternatively, the configuration message includes a trigger, the trigger including a SL-PRS propagation type indicator, a transmission order of the SL-PRS, and a type of positioning technology to be performed, the SL-PRS propagation type indicator indicating a transmission type for the SL-PRS via a first-level sidelink control information (SCI) or a second-level SCI. Additionally or alternatively, the SL-PRS propagation type indicator includes one of the following: a unicast indication, a multicast indication, a one-to-many indication, a many-to-one indication, or a broadcast indication. Additionally or alternatively, the methods and apparatus described herein, the methods and apparatus may further include sending a third signaling to one or more of the following: a base station, a location management function, a roadside unit, a sidelink positioning server user equipment, a sidelink positioning client user equipment, and a first device. Additionally or alternatively, the methods and apparatus described herein, the methods and apparatus may further include receiving a fourth signaling indicating that the apparatus is a reference anchor for generating a positioning measurement set for the first device. Additionally or alternatively, the methods and apparatus described herein, the methods and apparatus may further include receiving a fourth signaling indicating one or both of a search window or a search window quality indicator in which the second signaling is expected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1

[0026] An example of a wireless communication system supporting combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0012] Figure 2 An example of a system for NR beam-based positioning associated with combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0013] Figure 3 Examples of absolute and relative positioning scenarios related to combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning according to aspects of the present disclosure are illustrated.

[0014] Figure 4 An example of a multi-cell RTT procedure related to combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0015] Figure 5

[0026] An example of a system for prior relative range estimation in relation to combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0016] Figure 6 Illustrated is an example of a system using many-to-one SL-TDoA in connection with combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 7 An example of a system using one-to-many SL-TDoA in connection with combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0018] Figure 8 Illustrated are examples of systems using combined one-to-many SL-TDoA and many-to-one SL-TDoA in connection with combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0019] Fig. 9 An example of a system using SL-RTT in connection with combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0020] Fig.10 Illustrated are examples of SL-RTD information messages related to combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0021] Fig.11 Illustrated are examples of SL-PRS configuration messages related to combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0022] Fig.12 and Fig.13 An example of a block diagram of a device supporting combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0023] Figures 14 to 18 A flow chart of a method supporting combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Various different sidelink positioning techniques may be used to obtain good sidelink positioning performance, such as good accuracy and / or low latency positioning. Examples of such sidelink positioning techniques include SL-TDoA, where one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) transmissions may be used to achieve good absolute positioning performance; and or SL-RTT, where one-to-many and many-to-one SL-PRS transmissions may be used to obtain good relative positioning. Many-to-one refers to multiple devices transmitting to a single device (e.g., multiple anchor UEs transmitting SL-PRS to a target UE). One-to-many refers to a single device transmitting to multiple devices (e.g., a single target UE transmitting SL-PRS to multiple anchor UEs).

[0025] Using the techniques discussed herein, both one-to-many transmissions and many-to-one transmissions are used as part of a single sidelink positioning session. A sidelink positioning session refers to transmissions between devices (e.g., a target UE and multiple anchor UEs) of SL-PRS measured at the device and other related sidelink positioning messages, such as SL-PRS configuration exchanges (sidelink positioning assistance data), sidelink positioning measurements / position reports, sidelink positioning capability exchanges, sidelink positioning abort / error exchanges, and can be used by a position calculation entity.

[0026] In one or more implementations, a target UE receives a first SL-PRS set sent in a many-to-one manner from a set of anchor UEs, and generates a first positioning measurement set for the target UE based on the first SL-PRS set. In response to receiving the first SL-PRS set, the target UE sends an additional SL-PRS to the anchor UE set in a one-to-many manner. Then, the target UE receives a second positioning measurement set for the target UE from the SL-PRS, and sends a measurement report including the first positioning measurement set and the second positioning measurement set to a positioning calculation entity, which can use the measurement report to generate a position estimate for the target UE.

[0027] The techniques discussed in this article provide an efficient solution for performing one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning, and combine the measurement reports of sidelink positioning techniques. For example, the sidelink reference signal time difference (SL-RSTD) for SL-TDoA and the sidelink relative time of arrival (SL-RTOA) for SL-TDoA, and two UE receive (RX or Rx)-transmit (TX or Tx) time difference measurements for SL-RTT are combined to obtain better performance in estimating position compared to using only one many-to-one SL-TDoA / SL-RTT or only one-to-many SL-TDoA / SL-RTT.

[0028] In addition, the techniques discussed herein enhance the selection of reference anchor nodes when using SL-RSTD. Sidelink real-time difference (RTD) information (including synchronization information) can also be passed between the reference anchor node and other anchor nodes to enable accurate SL-RSTD measurements and compensate for any synchronization-related errors.

[0029] Furthermore, the techniques discussed herein enable anchor nodes to receive auxiliary information on the expected search window and associated uncertainties to perform SL-RTOA measurements.

[0030] Performing one-to-many SL-TDoA (or SL-RTT) and many-to-one SL-TDoA (or SL-RTT) as two separate processes may be considered inefficient and increase the latency required to obtain a positioning estimate, where positioning latency should be reduced as much as possible, especially in safety-critical applications such as V2X, IIoT, etc. The techniques discussed in this article combine one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning into a single session, allowing a more efficient and faster determination of a device (e.g., UE) position estimate compared to performing two separate processes. The accuracy of the positioning estimate can also be improved by using both SL-TDoA and SL-RTT compared to using only one of them.

[0031] Aspects of the disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communication system.Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to device diagrams and flow diagrams.

[0032] Figure 1An example of a wireless communication system 100 that supports combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning according to various aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 102, one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communication system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an advanced LTE (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technologies, including the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20. The wireless communication system 100 may support radio access technologies other than 5G. In addition, the wireless communication system 100 may support technologies such as time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), or code division multiple access (CDMA).

[0033] One or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form a wireless communication system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN), a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB), or other suitable terms. The network entity 102 and the UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, send signaling) via a Uu interface.

[0034] The network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 supports services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc.) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may support wireless communications of signals associated with services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc.) according to one or more radio access technologies. In some implementations, the network entity 102 may be mobile, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0035] One or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout the geographic region of the wireless communication system 100. UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable term. In some implementations, UE 104 may be referred to as other examples such as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client. Additionally or alternatively, UE 104 may be referred to as other examples such as an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a Machine Type Communication (MTC) device. In some implementations, UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communication system 100. In some other implementations, UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communication system 100.

[0036] One or more UEs 104 may be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some examples of UE 104 are illustrated in FIG. UE 104 may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as network entity 102, other UE 104, or network equipment (e.g., core network 106, packet data network 108, relay device, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network device), such as Figure 1 Additionally or alternatively, UE 104 can support communication with other network entities 102 or UE 104, which can act as a relay in the wireless communication system 100.

[0037] The UE 104 may also be capable of supporting wireless communications directly with other UEs 104 via a communication link 114. For example, the UE 104 may support wireless communications directly with another UE 104 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a side link. For example, the UE 104 may support wireless communications directly with another UE 104 via a PC5 interface.

[0038] The network entity 102 may support communication with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or with both. For example, the network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 via one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via S1, N2, N2, or another network interface). The network entities 102 may communicate with each other via the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or another network interface). In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate directly with each other (e.g., between the network entities 102). In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106). In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as access network entities, which may be examples of access node controllers (ANCs). The ANC may communicate with one or more UEs 104 via one or more other access network transmission entities (which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission reception points (TRPs)).

[0039] In some implementations, the network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, the network entity 102 may include one or more of the following: a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a radio unit (RU), a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) (e.g., a near real-time RIC (near RT RIC), a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC)), a service management and orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.

[0040] The RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmission reception point (TRP). In a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the network entity 102 may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entity 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0041] The functional split between CU, DU and RU can be flexible, and different functions can be supported depending on the functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combination thereof) executed at the CU, DU or RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack can be adopted between the CU and the DU so that the CU can support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU can support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU can host upper protocol layer (e.g., Layer 3 (L3), Layer 2 (L2)) functions and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). The CU can be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs can host lower protocol layers, such as Layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, media access control (MAC) layer) functions and signaling, and can each be at least partially controlled by the CU.

[0042] Additionally or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between the DU and the RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs). In some implementations, the functional split between the CU and the DU or between the DU and the RU may be within the protocol layer (e.g., some functions of the protocol layer may be performed by one of the CU, DU, or RU, while other functions of the protocol layer may be performed by a different one of the CU, DU, or RU).

[0043] The CU may be further functionally split into CU control plane (CU-CP) functionality and CU user plane (CU-UP) functionality. The CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a medium-range communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and the DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., an open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some implementations, the medium-range communication link or the fronthaul communication link may be implemented based on interfaces (e.g., channels) between layers of a protocol stack supported by a corresponding network entity 102 communicating via such a communication link.

[0044] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connection, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include control plane entities that manage access and mobility (e.g., mobility management entity (MME), location management function (LMF), access and mobility management function (AMF)), and user plane entities that route packets or interconnections to external networks (e.g., serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function (UPF)). In some implementations, the control plane entities may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc.) for one or more UEs 104 served by one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.

[0045] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 via one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via S1, N2, N2, or another network interface). The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. The UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, etc.) with the core network 106 via the network entity 102. The core network 106 may use the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) to route traffic (e.g., control information, data, etc.) between the UE 104 and the application server 118. The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106).

[0046] In the wireless communication system 100, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may use the resources of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, time slots, subframes, frames, etc.) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communication). In some implementations, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and other suitable radio access technologies, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures). The network entity 102 and the UE 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more digital technologies.

[0047] One or more digital technologies may be supported in the wireless communication system 100, and the digital technologies may include subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefixes. A first digital technology (e.g., μ = 0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A first digital technology (e.g., μ = 0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second digital technology (e.g., μ = 1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third digital technology (e.g., μ = 2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth digital technology (e.g., μ = 3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth digital technology (e.g., μ = 4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.

[0048] The time intervals of resources (e.g., communication resources) can be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames). Each frame can have a duration, for example, a duration of 10 milliseconds (ms). In some implementations, each frame can include multiple subframes. For example, each frame can include 10 subframes, and each subframe can have a duration, for example, a duration of 1 ms. In some implementations, each frame can have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame can have the same duration.

[0049] Additionally or alternatively, the time intervals of resources (e.g., communication resources) can be organized according to time slots. For example, a subframe may include a certain number (e.g., quantity) of time slots. Each time slot may include a certain number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols). In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of time slots used for a subframe may depend on the digital technology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a time slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable to a 60kHz subcarrier spacing), a time slot may include 12 symbols. For a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix, the relationship between the number of symbols per time slot, the number of time slots per subframe, and the number of time slots per frame may depend on the digital technology. It should be understood that references to a first digital technology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and time slots.

[0050] In the wireless communication system 100, the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum can be divided into various categories, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. based on frequency or wavelength. By way of example, the wireless communication system 100 can support one or more operating frequency bands, such as frequency range names FR1 (410 MHz-7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz-52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz-24.25 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz-114.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz-71 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz-300 GHz). In some implementations, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 can perform wireless communications on one or more operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 can be used by the network entity 102 and the UE 104, as well as other devices or apparatuses for cellular communication services (e.g., control information, data). In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entity 102 and the UE 104, as well as other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.

[0051] FR1 may be associated with one or more digital technologies (e.g., at least three digital technologies). For example, FR1 may be associated with a first digital technology (e.g., μ=0) including a 15kHz subcarrier spacing, a second digital technology (e.g., μ=1) including a 30kHz subcarrier spacing, and a third digital technology (e.g., μ=2) including a 60kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or more digital technologies (e.g., at least 2 digital technologies). For example, FR2 may be associated with a third digital technology (e.g., μ=2) including a 60kHz subcarrier spacing, and a fourth digital technology (e.g., μ=3) including a 120kHz subcarrier spacing.

[0052] The techniques discussed herein support efficient UE-to-UE range or orientation determination, which can be used to support absolute positioning applications and relative positioning applications in various scenarios, such as across different vertical services (e.g., V2X, public safety, Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), business services, etc.). For example, the techniques discussed herein allow one or both of the absolute position and relative position of UE 120 (which may also be referred to as a target UE) to be determined based on SL-PRS transmissions between UE 120 and each of UE 122, UE 124, and UE 126 (each of which may also be referred to as an anchor UE). Each of UE 120, UE 122, UE 124, and UE 126 may be UE 104 discussed herein.

[0053] Sidelink positioning can support various RAT-dependent positioning technologies, including but not limited to SL-TDoA, SL-RTT, AL AoA, etc. Each of these sidelink positioning technologies may involve a set of distributed UEs participating in a sidelink positioning session, which may be in coverage, partial coverage, and out of coverage. Technologies such as SL-TDoA use precise synchronization between sidelink nodes so that the target UE accurately performs RSTD measurements. Conversely, when the target UE sends SL-PRS, the responding sidelink node is expected to accurately measure the RTOA of the SL-PRS. This involves a certain degree of coordination between UEs in the sidelink positioning group, which involves one-to-many transmission and many-to-one transmission. Similarly, in the case of SL-RTT, one-to-many transmission and many-to-one transmission can also be used to efficiently perform single-sided RTT and double-sided RTT. In addition, a mechanism is used to seamlessly support one-to-many SL-TDoA, one-to-many SL-RTT, many-to-one SL-TDoA, many-to-one SL-RTT, or both one-to-many SL-TDoA and many-to-one SL-TDoA, one-to-many SL-RTT and many-to-one SL-RTT, as well as other positioning technologies in a single side link positioning session.

[0054] The techniques discussed herein describe systems, apparatus, and methods for enhanced sidelink mechanisms and processes to enable one-to-many sidelink (SL) and many-to-one positioning in an efficient manner, and address one or more of the following items: efficiently supporting different SL-TDoA variants and SL-RTT variants within a single SL positioning session, including supporting target UE receiving triggers to perform sidelink positioning in a one-to-many and many-to-one manner; supporting reference anchor UE / anchor node selection, which helps to enhance SL-RSTD measurements and tracking of synchronization errors; and supporting anchor UEs to accurately measure RTOA within a time window.

[0055] The communication between devices discussed herein (such as communication between UE 120, UE 122, UE 124, and UE 126, communication between UE and network entity 102, etc.) is performed using any of a variety of different signaling. For example, such signaling can be any of a variety of messages, requests, or responses, such as a trigger message, a configuration message, etc. By way of another example, such signaling can be any of a variety of signaling media or protocols through which messages are conveyed, such as radio resource control (RRC), downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), SCI, media access control element (MAC-CE), side link positioning protocol (SLPP), PC5 radio resource control (PC5-RRC), etc.

[0056] NR positioning based on NR Uu signals and SA architecture (e.g., beam-based transmission) is first specified in Release 16. Targeted use cases also include commercial scenarios and regulatory (emergency services) scenarios in Release 15. The performance requirements are as follows:

[0057] Positioning error indoor outdoor Horizontal positioning 80% of UEs are less than 3m 80% of UEs are less than 10m Vertical positioning 80% of UEs are less than 3m 80% of UEs are less than 3m

[0058] The current 3GPP Release 17 positioning has defined positioning performance requirements for commercial use cases and IIoT use cases as follows:

[0059]

[0060] Table 1 lists the positioning technologies supported in Release 16.

[0061] Table 1: Supported Rel-16 UE positioning methods

[0062]

[0063] The individual positioning techniques indicated in Table 1 can currently be configured and performed based on the requirements of LMF capabilities and UE capabilities. The transmission of Uu (uplink and downlink) positioning reference signals (PRS) enables the UE to perform UE positioning related measurements to enable the calculation of an absolute position estimate of the UE, and is configured per Transmission Reception Point (TRP), where a TRP may include a set of one or more beams. Figure 2 A conceptual overview is shown in the figure.

[0064] Figure 2An example of a system 200 for NR beam-based positioning associated with combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The system 200 illustrates a UE 104 and a network entity 102 (e.g., a gNB). The PRS may be transmitted by different base stations (serving base station and neighboring base station) using narrow beams in FR1 and FR2, as shown in the example system 200, which is relatively different when compared to LTE (where PRS is transmitted across the entire cell). The PRS may be locally associated with a PRS resource identifier (ID) and a resource set ID (TRP) for the base station. Similarly, UE positioning measurements (such as reference signal time difference (RSTD) and PRS reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements) are performed between beams (e.g., between different pairs of downlink (DL) PRS resources or DL ​​PRS resource sets), rather than between different cells as is the case in LTE. In addition, there are additional uplink (UL) positioning methods for the network to utilize in order to calculate the location of the target UE.

[0065] Tables 2 and 3 show reference signal to measurement mappings for each of the RAT-dependent positioning techniques supported at the UE and gNB, respectively. RAT-dependent positioning techniques may utilize 3GPP RAT as well as core network entities to perform UE position estimation, unlike RAT-independent positioning techniques, which rely on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors, WLAN, and Bluetooth technologies for performing target device (UE) positioning.

[0066] Table 2: UE measurements to enable RAT-dependent positioning techniques

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] Table 3: gNB measurements to enable RAT-dependent positioning techniques

[0070]

[0071] Figure 3An example 300 of an absolute positioning scenario and a relative positioning scenario related to combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning according to various aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The network device described with reference to example 300 can be implemented using and / or with the wireless communication system 100, and includes a UE 104 and a network entity 102 (e.g., an eNB, a gNB). Example 300 is an overview of absolute positioning scenarios and relative positioning scenarios defined in an architecture (level 1) specification using three different coordinate systems, including a traditional absolute positioning, fixed coordinate system at (III) 302; a relative positioning, variable and mobile coordinate system at (II) 304; and a relative positioning, variable coordinate system at (I) 306. It is worth noting that the relative positioning, variable coordinate system at 306 is based on the relative device position in the variable coordinate system, where the reference can always change with multiple nodes moving in different directions. Example 300 also includes a scenario 308 for outside the coverage area, where the UEs need to determine the relative position relative to each other.

[0072] The relative positioning, variable and mobile coordinate system at 304 may support a relative lateral position accuracy of 0.1 meters between UEs supporting V2X applications, and may support a relative longitudinal position accuracy of less than 0.5 meters for UEs supporting V2X applications for nearby platooning. The relative positioning, variable coordinate system at 306 may support relative positioning between one UE and positioning nodes within 10 meters of each other. The relative positioning, variable coordinate system at 306 may also support the vertical position of the UE in terms of relative height / depth to the local ground.

[0073] Various RAT-dependent positioning technologies are supported in Release 16 and Release 17, such as DL-TDoA, DL-AoD, Multi-RTT, E-CID / NR E-CID, UL-TDoA and UL-AoA.

[0074] The DL-TDOA positioning method utilizes the DL RSTD (and optionally the DL PRS RSRP) of downlink signals received at the UE from multiple TPs. The UE uses the assistance data received from the positioning server to measure the DL RSTD (and optionally the DL PRS RSRP) of the received signals, and the resulting measurements are used together with other configuration information to position the UE relative to neighboring TPs.

[0075] The DL AoD positioning method utilizes the measured DL PRS RSRP of downlink signals received from multiple TPs at the UE. The UE uses assistance data received from a positioning server to measure the DL PRS RSRP of the received signals, and the resulting measurements are used together with other configuration information to position the UE relative to neighboring TPs.

[0076] The multi-RTT positioning method utilizes UE Rx-Tx measurements and DL PRS RSRP of downlink signals received from multiple TRPs measured by the UE, and utilizes gNB Rx-Tx measurements and UL SRS-RSRP measured at multiple TRPs of uplink signals sent from the UE.

[0077] Figure 4 An example 400 of a multi-cell RTT process associated with combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The multi-RTT positioning technique utilizes UE Rx-Tx measurements and DL PRS RSRP of downlink signals received from multiple TRPs measured by the UE, and utilizes gNB Rx-Tx measurements and uplink sounding reference signal (SRS) RSRP (UL SRS-RSRP) measured at multiple TRPs of uplink signals sent from the UE. The UE measures the UE Rx-Tx measurements (and optionally the DL PRS RSRP of the received signals) using assistance data received from a positioning server (also referred to herein as a location server), and the TRP measures the gNB Rx-Tx measurements (and optionally the UL SRS-RSRP of the received signals) using assistance data received from the positioning server. The measurements are used to determine the RTT at the positioning server, which is used to estimate the position of the UE. In Release 16, as shown in Table 1, Multi-RTT is supported only for UE-assisted positioning techniques and NG RAN-assisted positioning techniques.

[0078] Figure 5 An example of a system 500 for existing relative range estimation in relation to combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. System 500 illustrates relative range estimation using an existing single gNB RTT positioning framework. A location server (LMF) may configure measurements to different UEs, and then a target UE may report the measurements of the target UE to the location server in a transparent manner. The location server may calculate the absolute position, but in order to obtain the relative distance between two of the UEs, the location server requires a priori information, such as the position of the target UE. The latency of this scheme is high and is not an efficient approach in terms of process and signaling overhead.

[0079] For NR enhanced cell ID (E-CID) positioning technology, the UE's position is estimated using knowledge of its serving ng-eNB, gNB and cell, and is based on LTE signals. Information about the serving ng-eNB, gNB and cell can be obtained through paging, registration or other methods. NR enhanced cell ID (NR E-CID) positioning refers to the use of NR signals to improve UE position estimates using additional UE measurements and / or NR radio resources and other measurements. Although enhanced cell ID (E-CID) positioning can utilize some of the same measurements as the measurement control system in the RRC protocol, the UE may not perform additional measurements solely for positioning purposes (i.e., the positioning process does not supply measurement configuration or measurement control messages, and the UE reports its available measurements without taking additional measurement actions).

[0080] The uplink time difference of arrival (UL-TDOA) positioning technique utilizes the UL-RTOA (and optionally the UL SRS-RSRP) of an uplink signal sent from a UE at multiple reception points (RPs). The RP measures the UL-RTOA (and optionally the UL SRS-RSRP) of the received signal using assistance data received from a positioning server, and the resulting measurements are used together with other configuration information to estimate the position of the UE.

[0081] The uplink angle of arrival (UL-AoA) positioning technique utilizes the measured azimuth of arrival and zenith of arrival of uplink signals sent from the UE at multiple RPs. The RP uses assistance data received from a positioning server (also referred to herein as a location server) to measure the position angle AoA (A-AoA) and zenith AoA (Z-AoA) of the received signal, and the resulting measurements are used together with other configuration information to estimate the position of the UE.

[0082] Various RAT-independent positioning technologies may also be used, such as network-assisted GNSS technology, atmospheric pressure sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning, TBS positioning, and motion sensor positioning.

[0083] Network-assisted GNSS technology utilizes UEs equipped with radio receivers capable of receiving GNSS signals. In the 3GPP specification, the term GNSS covers both global navigation satellite systems and regional / augmented navigation satellite systems. Examples of global navigation satellite systems include GPS, modernized GPS, Galileo, GLONASS, and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS). Regional navigation satellite systems include Quasi-Zenith Satellite Systems (QZSS), while many augmentation systems are classified as a general term for Space-Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) and provide regional augmentation services. Network-assisted GNSS technology can use different GNSS (e.g., GPS, Galileo, etc.) alone or in combination to determine the location of the UE.

[0084] The atmospheric pressure sensor positioning technology uses an atmospheric pressure sensor to determine the vertical component of the UE's position. The UE measures the atmospheric pressure (optionally with the help of auxiliary data) to calculate the vertical component of its position, or sends the measurement to the positioning server for position calculation. This technology should be combined with other positioning methods to determine the 3D position of the UE.

[0085] WLAN positioning technology uses WLAN measurements (AP identifiers and optional other measurements) and a database to determine the location of the UE. The UE measures the signals received from the WLAN access point (optionally with the help of assistance data) to send the measurements to the positioning server for position calculation. Using the measurement results and the reference database, the position of the UE is calculated. Additionally or alternatively, the UE determines its position using WLAN measurements and optional WLAN AP assistance data provided by the positioning server.

[0086] Bluetooth positioning technology uses Bluetooth measurements (beacon identifiers and optional other measurements) to determine the location of the UE. The UE measures the received signals from the Bluetooth beacons. Using the measurement results and the reference database, the location of the UE is calculated. The Bluetooth method can be combined with other positioning methods (e.g., WLAN) to improve the positioning accuracy of the UE.

[0087] The TBS positioning technique utilizes a TBS, which includes a network of ground-based transmitters that broadcast signals for positioning purposes only. Examples of types of TBS positioning signals are MBS (Metropolitan Beacon System) signals and Positioning Reference Signals (PRS). The UE measures the received TBS signals (optionally with the aid of assistance data) to calculate its position or sends the measurements to a positioning server for position calculation.

[0088] Motion sensor positioning technology uses different sensors such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, etc. to calculate the displacement of the UE. The UE estimates the relative displacement based on a reference position and / or a reference time. The UE sends a report including the determined relative displacement, which can be used to determine the absolute position. This method can be used for hybrid positioning with other positioning methods.

[0089] Different DL measurements used for RAT-dependent positioning techniques include DL PRS-RSRP, DL RSTD, and UE Rx-Tx time difference. The following measurement configurations may be used: 4 pairs of DL RSTD measurements may be performed for each pair of cells, and each measurement is performed between a different pair of DL PRS resources / resource sets with a single reference timing; 8 DL PRS RSRP measurements may be performed on different DL PRS resources from the same cell.

[0090] The DL PRS Reference Signal Received Power (DL PRS-RSRP) is defined as the linear average over the power contributions (in [W]) of the resource elements carrying DL PRS reference information configured for RSRP measurement within the considered measurement frequency bandwidth. For frequency range 1, the reference point for DL ​​PRS-RSRP is the antenna connector of the UE. For frequency range 2, DL PRS-RSRP is measured based on the combined signals from the antenna elements corresponding to a given receiver branch. For frequency range 1 and frequency range 2, if the UE is using receiver diversity, the reported DL PRS-RSRP value is not lower than the corresponding DL PRS-RSRP of any individual receiver branch. DL PRS-RSRP applies within the RRC_CONNECTED frequency as well as between the RRC_CONNECTED frequencies.

[0091] DL reference signal time difference (DL RSTD) is the DL relative timing difference between positioning node j and reference positioning node i and is defined as T SubframeRxj -T SubframeRxi , where T SubframeRxj is the time when the UE receives the start of a subframe from positioning node j, and T SubframeRxi is the time at which the UE receives from positioning node i the corresponding start of a subframe that is closest in time to the subframe received from positioning node j. Multiple DL PRS resources can be used to determine the start of a subframe from a positioning node. For frequency range 1, the reference point for DL ​​RSTD is the antenna connector of the UE. For frequency range 2, the reference point for DL ​​RSTD is the antenna of the UE. DL RSTD applies to both RRC_CONNECTED intra-frequency and RRC_CONNECTED inter-frequency.

[0092] The UE Rx-Tx time difference is defined as T UE-RX -T UE-TX , where T UE-RX is the UE reception timing of downlink subframe #i from the positioning node, defined by the first detection path in time, and T UE-TX is the UE transmission timing of the uplink subframe #j that is closest in time to the subframe #i received from the positioning node. Multiple DL PRS resources may be used to determine the start of a subframe of the first arrival path for the positioning node. For frequency range 1, the number of UE transmission timings for T UE-RX The reference point for the measurement shall be the UE’s Rx antenna connector and for T UE-TX The reference point for the measurement shall be the UE’s Tx antenna connector. UE-RX The reference point for measurement should be the UE’s Rx antenna and used for T UE-TX The reference point for the measurement shall be the UE's Tx antenna. The UE Rx-Tx time difference applies to both intra-RRC_CONNECTED frequencies and inter-RRC_CONNECTED frequencies.

[0093] The DL PRS Reference Signal Received Path Power (DL PRS-RSRPP) is defined as: the power of the linear average of the channel response at the i-th path delay of the resource element carrying the DL PRS signal configured for measurement, where the DL PRS-RSRPP for the first path delay is the power contribution corresponding to the first detection path in time. For frequency range 1, the reference point for DL ​​PRS-RSRPP is the antenna connector of the UE. For frequency range 2, DL PRS-RSRPP is measured based on the combined signal from the antenna elements corresponding to a given receiver branch. DL PRS-RSRPP is applicable to RRC_CONNECTED as well as RRC_INACTIVE.

[0094] In one or more implementations, with respect to positioning methods supported using SL measurements, the following methods are considered: RTT type solutions using SL, including both one-sided (also known as unidirectional) RTT and two-sided (also known as bidirectional) RTT; SL-AoA, including both arrival position angle and arrival zenith; SL-TDoA; SL-AoD, corresponding to a method in which RSRP measurements and / or RSRPP measurements are similar to the DL-AoD method in Uu and include departure position angle (AoD) and departure zenith (ZoD).

[0095] In one or more implementations, the following aspects are considered: the definition of corresponding SL measurements for each method; which method is applicable to absolute positioning or ranging or relative positioning or ranging, including whether such classification will be used; for angle-based methods, consideration of (multiple) antenna configurations using actual UE capabilities; per-panel position, if the UE uses multiple panels; UE mobility, especially for V2X scenarios; the impact of (multiple) synchronization errors between UEs; existing SL measurements (e.g., RSSI, RSRP), and UE ID information, etc. can be used. The above classification does not necessarily mean that there will be a specified separate SL positioning method, or whether there will be a unified SL positioning method. As progress is made in carrier phase positioning and sidelink positioning evaluation, it may be examined whether carrier phase for the sidelink can be considered in further work. The role of the SL node and its interaction / coordination in participating in each method may be described.

[0096] In one or more implementations, the following options are considered with respect to configuration, activation, deactivation, or triggering of SL-PRS. One option is only high-layer signaling involvement in SL-PRS configuration. There is no low-layer involvement, e.g., SL-MAC-CE or SCI or DCI, for activation or triggering of SL-PRS. This option may correspond to single or multiple SL-PRS configurations, or high-layer configurations that may be received from an LMF, gNB, or UE.

[0097] Another option is high-layer signaling participation and low-layer signaling participation in SL-PRS configuration. The low layer may correspond to SL-MAC-CE, or SCI, or DCI. For example, high-layer signaling may be used for SL-PRS configuration, and low-layer signaling may be used to initiate SL positioning and / or configuration, trigger, activate, deactivate, or indicate, and potential resource indication / reservation transmission of SL-PRS.

[0098] Another option is that only low layer signaling participates in SL-PRS configuration. The low layer may correspond to SL-MAC-CE, or SCI, or DCI.

[0099] Aspects related to flexibility, overhead, latency, and reliability may also be considered.

[0100] In one or more implementations, with respect to sidelink positioning measurement reports, the content of the measurement reports (e.g., timestamp(s), quality metric(s), ID(s), angle / timing / power measurements, etc.) is considered. Additionally or alternatively, the temporal behavior of the measurement reports (e.g., single, triggered, aperiodic, semi-persistent, periodic) is considered. Additionally or alternatively, whether the sidelink positioning measurements can be high-layer reports and / or low-layer reports is considered.

[0101] In one or more implementations, regarding SL positioning resource allocation, the following options are used for SL positioning resource (pre) configuration. One option is a dedicated resource pool for SL-PRS. This includes considering one or more of the following aspects: which time slots can be used, SL frame structure, SL positioning time slot structure, multiplexing of SL-PRS with control information (if included in the same time slot); positioning measurement reporting; whether dedicated frequency allocation (e.g., layer / BWP) is used for SL PRS; (multiple) resource allocation procedures for SL-PRS; control information for the purpose of SL positioning operation (e.g., configuration, activation, deactivation, or triggering of SL-PRS).

[0102] Another option is to utilize a shared resource pool for sidelink communications. This includes considering one or more of the following: coexistence between SL communications and SL positioning, backward compatibility; multiplexing considerations of SL-PRS with other PHY channels (PSCCH, PSSCH, PSFCH), and any modifications in the SL slot structure.

[0103] In one or more implementations, with respect to SL-PRS resource allocation, both Scheme 1 and Scheme 2 are considered to be introduced for supporting SL positioning / ranging. Scheme 1 refers to network-centric operation SL-PRS resource allocation (e.g., similar to the traditional Mode 1 solution). The network (e.g., gNB, LMF, gNB&LMF) allocates resources for SL-PRS. Scheme 2 refers to UE-autonomous SL-PRS resource allocation (e.g., similar to the traditional Mode 2 solution). At least one UE of the (multiple) UEs participating in the sidelink positioning operation allocates resources for SL-PRS. With respect to Scheme 2 SL-PRS resource allocation, one or more of the aspects of a resource selection mechanism for SL-PRS, inter-UE coordination, and a congestion control mechanism for SL-PRS may be considered.

[0104] In one or more implementations, regarding SL positioning resource allocation, one of the following alternatives for supporting SL positioning / ranging is considered. One alternative is that only (multiple) dedicated resource pools can be (pre)configured for SL-PRS. Another alternative is that (multiple) dedicated resource pools and / or (multiple) shared resource pools with sidelink communication can be (pre)configured for SL-PRS. Whether other signals / channels can exist in the dedicated resource pools can also be considered.

[0105] In one or more implementations, the initiator device initiates the SL positioning / ranging session and can be a network entity (e.g., gNB, LMF) or a UE / road side unit (RSU).

[0106] In one or more implementations, the responder device responds to the SL positioning / ranging session from the initiator device and can be a network entity (e.g., gNB, LMF) or a UE / road side unit (RSU).

[0107] In one or more implementations, a target-UE (or target UE) may be referred to as a UE of interest, whose location (absolute or relative) will be acquired by the network or the UE itself (eg, using SL (eg, PC5 interface)).

[0108] In one or more implementations, sidelink positioning refers to positioning a UE using a reference signal sent over a SL (eg, a PC5 interface) to obtain absolute position, relative position, or ranging information.

[0109] In one or more implementations, ranging refers to determining a distance and / or direction between a UE and another entity (eg, an anchor UE).

[0110] In one or more implementations, an anchor UE refers to a UE that supports positioning of a target UE, for example, by sending and / or receiving reference signals for positioning over a SL interface, providing positioning-related information, etc. An anchor UE may also be referred to as a reference UE or a SL reference UE.

[0111] In one or more implementations, when direct ranging / sidelink positioning between the SL reference UE / anchor UE and the target UE cannot be supported, the auxiliary UE refers to a UE that supports ranging / sidelink between the SL reference UE and the target UE via the SL (e.g., PC5 interface). Measurements / results of ranging / sidelink positioning between the auxiliary UE and the SL reference UE, and measurements / results of ranging / sidelink positioning between the auxiliary UE and the target UE are determined and used to derive ranging / sidelink positioning results between the target UE and the SL reference UE.

[0112] In one or more implementations, a SL positioning server UE refers to a UE that provides location calculation for SL positioning and ranging based services. The SL positioning server UE interacts with other UEs via SL (e.g., PC5 interface) as needed to calculate the location of the target UE. If location calculation is supported, the target UE or SL reference UE can act as a SL positioning server UE.

[0113] In one or more implementations, the SL positioning client UE refers to a third-party UE other than the SL reference UE and the target UE, which initiates ranging / sidelink positioning service requests on behalf of the applications residing thereon. The SL positioning client UI does not have to support ranging / sidelink positioning capabilities, but communication between the SL positioning client UE and the SL reference UE / target UE is established (e.g., via PC5 or 5GC) for transmission of service requests and results.

[0114] In one or more implementations, a SL positioning node may refer to a network entity and / or device / UE participating in a SL positioning session, e.g., a LMF (location server), a gNB, a UE, an RSU, an anchor UE, an initiator UE, and / or a responder UE.

[0115] In one or more implementations, the configuration entity refers to a node network node or device / UE that is capable of configuring time-frequency resources and related SL positioning configurations. A SL positioning server UE may serve as the configuration entity.

[0116] In one or more implementations, a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL PRS) refers to a reference signal sent over a SL for positioning purposes.

[0117] In one or more implementations, SL PRS (pre-)configuration refers to the (pre-)configured parameters of the SL PRS, such as time-frequency resources (not excluding other parameters), including its bandwidth and periodicity.

[0118] Various solutions for enabling one-to-many SL positioning to support SL-TDoA are discussed herein. In one or more implementations, the use of many-to-one SL-TDoA and one-to-many SL-TDoA are combined in one process in an efficient manner. Additionally or alternatively, reference anchor node selection and reference anchor node configuration are enhanced, and synchronization information is provided between the reference anchor node and other anchor nodes to enable accurate SL-RSTD measurements. Additionally or alternatively, the anchor node receives auxiliary information on the expected search window and associated uncertainty to perform SL-RTOA measurements. The various solutions discussed herein can be implemented in combination with each other to support NR RAT-dependent positioning methods on the SL (e.g., PC5) interface.

[0119] In one or more implementations, a positioning-related reference signal may be referred to as a reference signal used for a positioning process / purpose to estimate the position of a target-UE (e.g., a PRS) or based on an existing reference signal (such as a CSI-RS or SRS). A target-UE may be referred to as a device / entity whose position / position is to be determined (localized / positioned). In various implementations, the term "PRS" may refer to any signal, such as a reference signal, which may or may not be primarily used for positioning.

[0120] In one or more implementations, references to position / position information may refer to an absolute position, a relative position with respect to another node / entity, ranging in terms of distance, ranging in terms of direction, or a combination thereof.

[0121] In one or more implementations, the trigger to perform sidelink positioning is a configuration message, which may include an associated request and the process to be performed: one-to-many sidelink positioning, many-to-one sidelink positioning, or both one-to-many sidelink positioning and many-to-one sidelink positioning.

[0122] In one or more implementations, the SL-TDoA may include different SL-TDoA variants, including: 1) one-to-many, 2) many-to-one, and 3) both one-to-many and many-to-one. The target-UE may receive a trigger from a higher layer to perform multiple SL-TDoA variants to determine location information including absolute location(s), relative location(s), or ranging including ranging distance and / or ranging direction between an initiator UE / device and one or more responder UE / devices.

[0123] The trigger may also include which of the SL-TDoA variants will be executed, including many-to-one SL-TDoA and / or one-to-many SL-TDoA or both. An example of the trigger indication is a bit indication, where "001" triggers one-to-many SL-TDoA, "011" triggers many-to-one SL-TDoA, and "111" triggers both one-to-many SL-TDoA and many-to-one SL-TDoA. Additionally or alternatively, the trigger may be signaled as a selection or sequence based on an ASN1 code. Additionally or alternatively, depending on the available resources selected using a mode 1 resource allocation scheme and / or a mode 2 resource allocation scheme, the lower layers (e.g., physical layer, including SCI, PSCCH, PSSCH) may trigger the higher layers as to which SL-TDoA variant is possible, where mode 1 is a centralized resource allocation scheme for SL-PRS and sidelink positioning messages, and mode 2 is a decentralized scheme based on sensing, reservation, and selection of resources.

[0124] The higher layer may include functions including the PC5-S layer or the PC5RRC layer, or functions above the PC5-S layer / PC5RRC layer, such as the side link positioning protocol layer (SLPP or RSPP), the V2X / ProSe layer, and the application layer with associated side link positioning group information for performing a one-to-many SL-TDoA, which includes a side link group ID, side link group members, group size, and group capability information. Additionally or alternatively, the side link positioning group may be established at the AS layer / RAN / lower layer based on resource availability, the number of available side link positioning UEs (e.g., anchor UE / reference UE) involved in the SL-TDoA positioning session.

[0125] The trigger message may include any one or more of a variety of different general sidelink positioning parameters.

[0126] In one or more implementations, the trigger message includes a plurality of identified / discovered anchor UEs.

[0127] Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message includes an indication of the type of side link positioning method, for example, the SL-TDoA variant to be used, such as one-to-many SL-TDoA, many-to-one SL-TDoA, both one-to-many SL-TDoA and many-to-one SL-TDoA, or a SL-RTT variant (e.g., one-sided RTT or two-sided RTT, etc.).

[0128] Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message includes an indication on the transmission order of the SL-PRS, for example, starting from the initiator / Tx UE or starting from (multiple) responder / Rx UEs.

[0129] Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message includes the UE ID of the anchor UE / device and the UE ID of the target-UE, eg, source ID, destination ID, sidelink positioning specific source / destination ID.

[0130] Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message includes the UE ID or device ID of the reference node (if configured).Such a reference node may be selected by a discovery mechanism or via configuration from higher layers.

[0131] Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message includes a propagation type indicator for SL-PRS transmission, such as unicast, multicast, broadcast, or a combination thereof.

[0132] Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message includes a broadcast type indicator for one-to-many or many-to-one sidelink assistance data, sidelink positioning measurement report, error, abort message, such as unicast, groupcast, broadcast or a combination thereof.

[0133] Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message comprises an indication of a configured reference anchor node.

[0134] Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message includes an indication of whether this is a network-assisted operation, a UE-only operation, or a combination of the two. Network-assisted operation refers to ranging / sidelink positioning operations with participation of a 5GC NF (network function) for service request processing and result calculation. UE-only operation refers to ranging / sidelink positioning operations in which service request processing and result calculation are performed by the UE. Combination refers to the case where service request processing is performed at the network and positioning result calculation is performed at the UE, or the case where service request processing is performed at the UE and positioning result calculation is performed at the network.

[0135] Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message includes an indication as to whether joint Uu+SL positioning is enabled. Joint Uu+SL positioning implies that the anchor UE / device receives assistance from a fixed gNB / TRP for the purpose of absolute position estimation of the target-UE and may involve reception of DL-PRS as well as transmission of SRS for positioning. This may include an indication as to which Uu positioning method is used in combination with SL positioning to perform joint Uu+SL positioning.

[0136] Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message includes a desired sidelink positioning Quality of Service (QoS) in terms of absolute / relative horizontal and vertical positioning accuracy.In one or more implementations, positioning delay or latency may also be signaled to the anchor UE and the target UE.

[0137] Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message includes a trigger to select the same synchronization reference source (if not already configured). This can be based on a priority indication for selecting the same synchronization reference source. Synchronization reference sources may include GNSS, gNB, and other UEs. This may include a process to trigger the anchor UE to synchronize to perform any of the variants of SL-TDoA.

[0138] The trigger message discussed above may be transmitted using sidelink control plane signaling encapsulated as a sidelink positioning protocol message (SLPP / RSPP) and sent to the lower layers via PC5-S / PC5RRC. Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message may be sent as (multiple) sidelink user plane PDUs with associated sidelink QoS (PQI parameters, which may be mapped to the sidelink positioning QoS).

[0139] Figure 6An example of a system 600 using many-to-one SL-TDoA in connection with combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. Key 602 is included for convenience. A target UE 604 is illustrated with a plurality of anchor UEs 606, 608, and 610. Anchor UE 606, anchor UE 608, and anchor UE 610 transmit SL-PRS in a many-to-one manner or scheme (unicast) toward target UE 604 for measurement of SL-RSTD measurement. Anchor UE 606 also transmits SL-PRS to target UE 604, anchor UE 608, and anchor UE 610 (multicast). Target UE 604 responds to anchor UE 606, anchor UE 608, and anchor UE 610 and positioning calculation entity 612 with a unicast or multicast transmission including a sidelink reference signal time difference (SL-RSTD) measurement report. The positioning calculation entity 612 can be any entity or node, such as a location server (which can also be called a location management function), a network entity 102 (e.g., a gNB), a sidelink positioning server UE, a sidelink positioning client UE, etc.

[0140] Figure 7 An example of a system 700 using one-to-many SL-TDoA in connection with combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. For convenience, legend 702 is included. A target UE 704 is illustrated with multiple anchor UEs 706, 708, and 710. The target UE 704 sends SL-PRS to the anchor UEs 706, 708, and 710 in a one-to-many manner (groupcast) for measurement of SL-RSTD measurement. The anchor UEs 706, 708, and 710 each respond to the target UE 704 with a unicast transmission including a sidelink relative time of arrival (SL-RTOA) measurement report. The target UE 704 may unicast a transmission to a positioning calculation entity 712 including the SL-RTOA measurement report. The positioning calculation entity 712 can be any entity or node, such as a location server (which can also be called a location management function), a network entity 102 (e.g., a gNB), a sidelink positioning server UE, a sidelink positioning client UE, etc.

[0141] Figure 8An example of a system 800 using combined one-to-many SL-TDoA and many-to-one SL-TDoA in connection with combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. For convenience, legend 802 is included. A target UE 804 is illustrated along with a plurality of anchor UEs 806, 808, and 810 and a positioning computation entity 812. The positioning computation entity 812 may be any entity or node, such as a location server (which may also be referred to as a location management function), a network entity 102 (e.g., a gNB), a sidelink positioning server UE, a sidelink positioning client UE, etc.

[0142] In one or more implementations, UE 804, UE 806, UE 808, and UE 810 receive a request to perform a combined SL-TDoA procedure involving both a one-to-many SL-TDoA and a many-to-one SL-TDoA as follows: Assume that anchor UE 806, anchor UE 808, anchor UE 810, and target UE 804 have received the necessary resource allocation for sending SL-PRS via a Mode 1 resource allocation procedure or a Mode 2 resource allocation procedure, for example, via receiving a SLPP / RSPP SL Provide Assistance Data message.

[0143] Anchor UE 806, anchor UE 808, and anchor UE 810 transmit SL-PRS in a many-to-one manner (unicast or multicast) toward the target-UE for measurement of SL-RSTD measurement, where SL reference signal time difference (SL-RSTD) is defined as the sidelink relative timing difference between transmission point (TP) / anchor node / anchor UE j and reference TP / anchor node / anchor UE i, defined as T SubframeRx,j -T SubframeRx,i , where: T SubframeRx,j is the time when the UE receives the start of a subframe from TP / anchor node / anchor UE j, and T SubframeRx,i is the time at which the UE receives from TP / anchor node / anchor UE i the corresponding start of a subframe that is closest in time to the subframe received from TP / anchor node / anchor UE j. One or more SL-PRS resources may be used to determine the start of a subframe from the TP / anchor node / anchor UE. The target UE measures the SL-RSTD relative to the reference anchor node / device to derive the RSTD measurement. The SL-PRS transmission may include an additional indication of whether the SL-PRS will be sent by the target UE in a one-to-many manner (which may be signaled in the first level SCI or the second level SCI), and whether the SL-PRS to be sent by the target UE will be sent using the same side link positioning resource pool or a different side link positioning resource pool.

[0144] The target UE 804 performs (multiple) SL-RSTD measurements corresponding to the number of anchor UEs / anchor nodes. In one or more implementations, the target UE stores the SL-RSTD measurements, which are sent to the positioning calculation entity 812 described below in a combined sidelink positioning measurement report. Additionally or alternatively, the target UE 804 sends a SL-RSTD measurement report (e.g., an information element (IE) within a SLPP / RSPP SL provides location information message) to the positioning calculation entity before or after sending the SL-PRS to the anchor UE / anchor node / anchor device.

[0145] The target UE 804 sends the SL-PRS in a one-to-many (multicast) manner towards the anchor UE 806, the anchor UE 808 and the anchor UE 810 for the measurement of the SL-RTOA measurement, where the sidelink relative arrival time (T SL-RTOA ) is the start / start of the SL subframe i containing the SL-PRS resources received at each anchor UE / anchor node / anchor device. The SL-RTOA reference time is defined as T0+t SL-PRS , where T0 is the nominal start time of sidelink system frame number (SFN) 0 or direct frame number (DFN) 0. This T0 may be pre-signaled to anchor UE 806, anchor UE 808, and anchor UE 810 by a network entity or by other UEs participating in sidelink positioning (e.g., LMF, gNB, other anchor UEs, sidelink positioning server UE, SL-PRS configuration UE, target UE, etc.). SL-PRS can be calculated using the following calculation: ((10n SL-F +n SL-SF )×10 -3 , where n SL-F and n SL-SF is the SL system frame number, or in other implementations, the DFN and subframe number of the SL-PRS resource respectively.

[0146] The anchor UE / anchor node 806, the anchor UE / anchor node 808, and the anchor UE / anchor node 810 may then report the SL-RTOA to the target-UE 804 (e.g., via the SLPP / RSPP SL provide location information message). Additionally or alternatively, the anchor UE / anchor node 806, the anchor UE / anchor node 808, and the anchor UE / anchor node 810 may report the SL-RTOA to a separate positioning calculation entity 812 (e.g., other anchor UEs, sidelink positioning server UEs, SL-PRS configuration UEs, etc.).

[0147] The target UE 804 calculates its position based on the combined SL-RSTD measurements and SL-RTOA measurements for enhanced position estimation. The calculated position may include an absolute position, a relative position or a ranging distance relative to one or more of the anchor UE / anchor node 806, the anchor UE / anchor node 808, or the anchor UE / anchor node 810. Additionally or alternatively, a separate positioning calculation entity 812 (e.g., other anchor UEs, sidelink positioning server UEs, SL-PRS configuration UEs, etc.) may calculate a position based on the received combined SL-RSTD measurements and SL-RTOA measurements, as described. Additionally or alternatively, the combined SL-TDoA may be used in combination with other sidelink positioning techniques, such as SL-RTT (single-sided and / or dual-sided), sidelink angle of arrival (SL-AoA), sidelink angle of departure (SL-AoD), SL-ECID, etc.

[0148] In one or more implementations of the combined SL-TDoA technology, the process may begin with the target UE 804 sending a one-to-many SL-PRS for measurement of SL-RTOA, followed by the root receiving SL-PRS sent by anchor UE 806, anchor UE 808, and anchor UE 810 for measurement of SL-RSTD measurement.

[0149] Additionally or alternatively, the positioning measurement report can be multicast from the target UE 804 or anchor UE 806, anchor UE 808 or anchor UE 810 to other anchor UEs 806, anchor UE 808 or anchor UE 810 for positioning calculation. Additionally or alternatively, the SL-PRS can be sent in a unicast manner to measure SL-RSTD measurements and / or SL-RTOA measurements.

[0150] In one or more implementations, SL-RTT may include different SL-RTT options / variants, including: 1) unicast single-sided SL-RTT and / or unicast double-sided SL-RTT; 2) one-to-many and many-to-one single-sided SL-RTT and / or double-sided SL-RTT; 3) initial unicast transmission of SL-PRS / SL RS / SL positioning message for SL single-sided SL-RTT and / or SL double-sided SL-RTT by Tx UE / initiator UE, and many-to-one transmission or one-to-many transmission of reply SL-PRS / SL RS / SL positioning message by Rx UE / responder UE; and 4) many-to-one transmission or one-to-many transmission of SL-PRS / SL RS / SL positioning message by Tx UE / transmitter UE, and unicast transmission of reply SL-PRS / SL RS / SL positioning message by Rx / responder UE.

[0151] Fig. 9An example of a system 900 using SL-RTT in connection with combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. Multiple SL-RTT options are illustrated in the system 900. For convenience, legend 902 is included. A target UE 904 is illustrated along with multiple anchor UEs 906, 908, and 910 and a positioning computation entity 912. The positioning computation entity 912 may be any entity or node, such as a location server (which may also be referred to as a location management function), a network entity 102 (e.g., a gNB), a sidelink positioning server UE, a sidelink positioning client UE, etc. The system 900 illustrates examples of unicast, many-to-one, and one-to-many SL-PRS / SL RS / SL positioning messages.

[0152] Multiple SL-RTT options for one-sided RTT are illustrated in system 900. This can also be extended to two-sided SL-RTT through the transmission of an additional SL-PRS / SL RS / SL positioning message after the SL-PRS acknowledgement signal.

[0153] In one or more implementations, participating UEs 904, 906, 908, and 910 receive a request to perform a combined SL-RTT procedure involving unicast, one-to-many, or many-to-one SL-PRS transmission as part of a SL-RTT positioning technique, as described below. It is assumed that anchor UE 906, anchor UE 908, and anchor UE 910 and target UE 904 have received the necessary resource allocations for sending SL-PRS via a Mode 1 resource allocation procedure or a Mode 2 resource allocation procedure, for example, via receiving a dedicated or shared SL positioning resource pool in a SLPP / RSPP SL Provide Assistance Data message, or via SIB / UE-specific RRC signaling, or via sensing, reservation, and selection of SL-PRS resources.

[0154] The anchor UE 906, the anchor UE 908 and the anchor UE 910 transmit the SL-PRS in a many-to-one manner (multicast) toward the target UE 904 for measurement of a sidelink UE Rx-Tx time difference measurement, where the sidelink reference signal time difference (sidelink UE Rx-Tx time difference measurement) is defined as the difference between the reception time of a SL-PRS / SL RS / SL positioning message and the subsequent transmission time of another SL-PRS / SSL RS / SL positioning message, T UE-RX -T UE-TX , where T UE-RX is the UE reception timing of the sidelink subframe #i from the anchor UE / anchor node / target UE, defined by the first detection path in time, and T UE-TXDefined as the UE transmit timing of the sidelink subframe #j that is closest in time to the subframe #i received from the same anchor node / anchor UE / target-UE.

[0155] The SL-PRS transmission may include additional indications as to whether the SL-PRS will be sent by the target UE 904 in a one-to-many manner (which may be signaled in the first-level SCI or the second-level SCI), and whether the SL-PRS to be sent by the target UE 904 will be sent using the same SL positioning resource pool or a different SL positioning resource pool.

[0156] In the case of bilateral RTT, one UE / device within the SL-RTT pair may calculate an initial round of sidelink UE Rx-Tx time difference measurements (1), while the other peer UE / device may calculate a second round of sidelink UE Rx-Tx time difference measurements (2), where (1) and (2) may be combined to obtain an enhanced positioning estimate, e.g., absolute position, relative position, ranging distance. Additionally or alternatively, the combined sidelink UE Rx-Tx time difference measurements (1) + sidelink UE Rx-Tx time difference measurements (2) may be signaled to the positioning calculation entity 912 for position calculation, e.g., using SL to provide position information SLPP / RSPP messages.

[0157] In one or more implementations of two-sided RTT, a new measurement may be defined called T UE-RX0 -T UE-TX0 -T UE-RX1 -T UE-TX1 , where T UE-RX1 is the first reception timing of the sidelink subframe #i from the first anchor UE / anchor node / target UE, defined by the first detection path in time, T UE-TX1 is defined as the UE transmit timing of the sidelink subframe #j that is closest in time to the subframe #i received from the same first anchor node / anchor UE / target UE, T UE-RX2 is the UE reception timing of the sidelink subframe #i from the second anchor UE / anchor node / target UE, defined by the first detection path in time, T UE-TX2 Defined as the UE transmit timing of the sidelink subframe #j that is closest in time to the subframe #i received from the same second anchor node / anchor UE / target UE.

[0158] The target UE 904 can send a response SL-PRS / SL RS / SL positioning message in a unicast manner or a one-to-many manner depending on the received (pre) configuration, for example, the (pre) configuration is received from another entity node or from a higher layer via a reconfiguration message, auxiliary data signaling (for example, providing auxiliary data SLPP / RSPP message) or other low-layer signaling (such as SCI, SL MAC CE).

[0159] N different SL UE Rx-Tx time difference measurements may be collected by N anchor devices and signaled to the target UE 904 or other positioning calculation entity 912 for position calculation. On the other hand, each of the anchor UEs 906, 908, and 910 may collect M SL UE Rx-Tx time difference measurements corresponding to the first path or the additional path, the M SL UE Rx-Tx time difference measurements being measured based on the received configuration. Thus, the positioning calculation UE may collect a total of N×M SL UE Rx-Tx time difference measurements. For measurement tracking of each measurement from the anchor device or in other implementations, the target-UE, 906, 908 and 910 can be associated with a measurement ID, for example, a measurement object ID and / or UE-ID indicating which UE node performs the corresponding measurement, and this can cover SL positioning measurements such as SL-RSTD, SL-RTOA, SL UE Rx-Tx time difference, SL-AoA, SL-RSRP, SL-RSRPP, SL-AoD. Different measurements can be grouped according to a single ID based on various factors, including UE reporting the measurement, for example, initiating UE or responding UE, type of positioning measurement, or a combination thereof.

[0160] The measurements may be reported to another positioning calculation entity 912, which may be different from the node / entity involved in the SL-PRS transmission.

[0161] The target UE 904 may receive a trigger from a higher layer to perform multiple SL-RTT variants, for example, determining location information based on many-to-one or one-to-many transmissions, one-sided RTT or two-sided RTT, the location information including (multiple) absolute positions, (multiple) relative positions or ranging, the ranging including ranging distances and / or ranging directions between an initiator UE / device and one or more responder UE / devices. Additionally or alternatively, the trigger message may originate from a communication layer responsible for SL positioning method selection and anchor / reference anchor selection, for example, a SLPP / RSPP layer or a separate UE / device with the above functionality in other cases.

[0162] In one or more implementations, the trigger may also include which of the SL-RTT variants listed above. Examples of the trigger indication include a bit indication where "0001" triggers option 1), "0011" triggers option 2, "0111" triggers option 3, and "1111" triggers option 4. In an alternative implementation, the trigger may be signaled based on an ASN1 code as a selection or sequence. In an alternative implementation, depending on the available resources selected using a mode 1 resource allocation scheme and / or a mode 2 resource allocation scheme, the lower layers (e.g., physical layer, including SCI, PSCCH, PSSCH) may trigger the higher layers as to which SL-RTT variant is possible, where mode 1 is a centralized resource allocation scheme for SL-PRS and sidelink positioning messages, and mode 2 is a decentralized scheme based on sensing, reservation, and selection of resources.

[0163] The higher layer may include functions including the PC5-S layer or the PC5RRC layer, or functions above the PC5-S layer / PC5RRC layer, such as the side link positioning protocol layer (SLPP or RSPP), the V2X / ProSe layer, and the application layer with associated SL positioning group information for performing one-to-many SL-RTT and many-to-one SL-RTT, including SL group ID, side link group members, group size, and group capability information. Additionally or alternatively, the side link positioning group may be established at the AS layer / RAN / lower layer based on resource availability and the number of available side link positioning UEs (e.g., anchor UEs or reference UEs) involved in the SL-RTT positioning session.

[0164] Additionally or alternatively, other sidelink positioning techniques (such as SL-AoA) may use unicast, one-to-many, or many-to-one SL-PRS transmissions for determining location information. In this case, SL-AoA may be defined as the estimated position angle and vertical angle of the UE relative to a reference direction, wherein the reference direction is defined in a global coordinate system (GCS), wherein the estimated position angle is measured relative to geographic north and is positive in a counterclockwise direction, and the estimated vertical angle is measured relative to the zenith and is positive to the horizontal direction; or the reference direction is defined in a local coordinate system (LCS), wherein the estimated position angle is measured relative to the x-axis of the LCS and is positive in a counterclockwise direction, and the estimated vertical angle is measured relative to the z-axis of the LCS and is positive to the xy plane direction. Quadrant angle, downtilt angle, and skew angle. Sidelink AoA is determined at the UE antenna for the sidelink channel corresponding to the UE.

[0165] Additionally or alternatively, the measurements defined above may have associated quality metrics, including timing, angle, line-of-sight (LOS) indication / non-line-of-sight (NLOS) indication using binary (hard indicator) values ​​or soft indicator values, for example, a SL positioning measurement may be considered as a range of probability values ​​for LOS or NLOS. Such quality metrics may be requested to be reported together with the sidelink positioning measurements using low layer signaling or high layer signaling, for example, a SL request position information SLPP / RSPP message. In addition to the first path reported for the above-mentioned sidelink positioning measurements, additional subsequent paths may be configured to be reported together with the sidelink positioning measurements, for example, P paths out of a total of Q receive paths.

[0166] Additionally or alternatively, sidelink PRS RSRP or sidelink RSRPP may be measured in conjunction with the sidelink positioning measurements defined above.

[0167] Additionally or alternatively, the initially sent SL-PRS may share the same SL-PRS configuration as the acknowledged SL-PRS or may share a different SL-PRS configuration than the acknowledged SL-PRS in other implementations, implying that one of the following parameter sets may be the same / different: symbol length, comb size, repetition information (e.g., repetition factor, period, slot offset, RE offset), muting mode, resource pool configuration, bandwidth, subcarrier spacing, cyclic prefix, etc.

[0168] In one or more implementations, with respect to the measurement of SL-RSTD measurement, a reference anchor UE / anchor node may be selected and configured among a group of anchor UEs / anchor nodes. The selection may be based on a set of criteria, which may be configured or pre-configured. In addition, one or more of the following criteria may be used to select a reference anchor node: synchronization source; coarse / approximate a priori location information of the anchor UE / anchor node; assigned transmission priority of the anchor UE / anchor node; SL interference measurement, e.g., CLI; received sidelink positioning reference signal strength measurement / other reference signal strength measurement, e.g., SL PRS RSRP, SL PRS RSPP, SL RSSI, SL CR, SL CBR, PSBCH RSRP, PSSCH RSRP, PSCCH RSRP; and selecting the best anchor node / anchor UE based on the best overall real-time difference (RTD) quality.

[0169] In one or more implementations, a reference anchor UE / anchor node candidate list may be signaled to all anchor UEs / anchor nodes by a configuration or positioning computation entity. The list may include all possible anchor reference nodes in descending order of priority. Additionally or alternatively, the candidate reference anchor UEs / anchor nodes may be listed in ascending order of priority. In the event that the selected side link anchor node / anchor UE is no longer connected to the target device / target UE, for example, due to radio link failure (RLF) / beam failure, outside the coverage of the target-UE, a new reference anchor node may be selected from the reference anchor UE / anchor node candidate list.

[0170] The reference candidate list may be received from higher layers via PC5-S, PC5RRC, SLPP / RSPP, for example, SL Provide Assistance Data or SL Request Location Information message. Additionally or alternatively, SL reference anchor node selection may originate from the same layer / protocol that performs anchor UE / anchor node selection, implying that anchor UE selection and reference anchor UE selection may be performed jointly.

[0171] In one or more implementations, a configuration entity (including a network entity (e.g., LMF, gNB, RSU), or a UE entity (e.g., other anchor UEs, sidelink positioning server UEs, SL-PRS configuration UEs, target UEs, etc.)) may configure the RTD to the positioning calculation entity. The RTD information includes a set of time synchronization information elements between the reference anchor node / anchor UE and each of the other anchor nodes / anchor UEs so that the positioning calculation entity compensates for any synchronization error.

[0172] Fig.10 An example of an SL-RTD information message 1000 related to combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The fields of the SL-RTD information message 1000 are described below. In addition, an additional SL-TimingQuality is defined to provide a quality indicator of the sidelink timing value, for example, in terms of uncertainty or timing resolution in meters, which can be expressed with different degrees of quality, such as 0.1 meters, 1 meter, 10 meters, 30 meters.

[0173] The referenceTRP-RTD-Info field (or ReferenceAnchor-RTD-Info field) defines the reference anchor node / anchor UE for RTD and includes the following subfields: sl-PRS-ID-Ref, nr-PhysCellId-Ref, nr-CellGlobalId-Ref, nr-ARFCN-Ref, sl-refTime and sl-rtd-RefQuality.

[0174] The sl-PRS-ID-Ref field is used together with the SL positioning frequency layer, SL BWP ID, SL resource pool ID, SL-PRS resource set ID and SL-PRS resource ID to uniquely identify the SL-PRS resource belonging to the anchor node / anchor UE.

[0175] The nr-PhysCellId-Ref field specifies the physical cell identity of the reference TRP.

[0176] The nr-CellGlobalId-Ref field specifies the NCGI (globally unique identity of the cell in NR) of the reference TRP.

[0177] The nr-ARFCN-Ref field specifies the NR-ARFCN of the CD-SSB of the TRP corresponding to the nr-PhysCellID.

[0178] The sl-refTime field specifies the reference time for which the sl-rtd-InfoList is valid. The sl-systemFrameNumber selects the SL SFN that refers to the reference anchor node / anchor UE. Additionally or alternatively, this element may also refer to a DFN offset instead of a SFN.

[0179] The sl-rtd-RefQuality field specifies the quality of the timing of the reference anchor node / anchor UE on the sidelink, which is used to determine the SL RTD value provided in the sl-rtd-InfoList.

[0180] The sl-PRS-ID field is used together with the SL positioning frequency layer, SL BWP ID, SL resource pool ID, SL-PRS resource set ID, and SL-PRS resource ID to uniquely identify the SL-PRS resource. This ID can be associated with multiple DL-PRS resource sets that are associated with a single TRP to which the RTD-InfoElement applies.

[0181] The sl-subframeOffset field specifies the subframe boundary offset at the anchor UE / anchor node antenna position between the reference anchor node / anchor UE and other anchor nodes / anchor UEs, expressed in time units T. c =1 / (Δf max ·N f ), where Δf max =480·10 3 And N f =4096. The offset is counted from the start of subframe #0 of the reference anchor node / anchor UE to the start of the closest subsequent subframe of the neighboring TRP. Scaling factor 1Tc.

[0182] The sl-rtd-Quality field specifies the quality of the RTD between each anchor node / anchor UE and other anchor nodes / anchor UEs on the SL.

[0183] In one or more implementations, a separate SL-PRS configuration may be signaled to one or more reference anchor nodes / anchor UEs.

[0184] Fig.11 Illustrated is an example of an SL-PRS configuration message 1100 related to combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0185] Fig.10 and Fig.11 The messages 1000 and 1100 shown may be signaled using high-layer signaling (such as PC5-S, PC5RRC or SLPP / RSPP), for example, using SL to provide auxiliary data messages. Additionally or alternatively, such messages may also be signaled using low-layer signaling (such as SCI, MAC-CE) if applicable.

[0186] In one or more implementations, the anchor UE / anchor node is provided with an expected search window in which to measure the SL-PRS for SL-RTOA measurements. This may be a function of the expected propagation delay expressed relative to the SL-RTOA reference time, as described above with respect to T0 and t SL-PRS This window is specifically configured to measure RTOA or any other related TOA / timing advance measurement.

[0187] Additionally or alternatively, the delay uncertainty associated with the expected propagation delay may also be signaled to the anchor UE / anchor node and may be a function of the sampling time, for example, Ts=1 / (15.10 3 .2048).

[0188] The SL-RTOA expected search window and associated uncertainty can be signaled using high-layer signaling (such as PC5-S, PC5RRC or SLPP / RSPP), for example, using SL Provide Assistance Data messages. Additionally or alternatively, such messages can also be signaled using low-layer signaling (such as SCI, MAC-CE), if applicable.

[0189] Fig.12An example of a block diagram 1200 of a device 1202 supporting combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The device 1202 may be an example of a target device (e.g., UE 104) as described herein. The device 1202 may support wireless communications with one or more network entities 102, UE 104, or any combination thereof. The device 1202 may include components for bidirectional communication including components for sending and receiving communications (such as a processor 1204, a memory 1206, a transceiver 1208, and an I / O controller 1210). These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., a bus).

[0190] The processor 1204, the memory 1206, the transceiver 1208, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure described herein. For example, the processor 1204, the memory 1206, the transceiver 1208, or various combinations thereof or components thereof may support methods for performing one or more of the operations described herein.

[0191] In some implementations, the processor 1204, memory 1206, transceiver 1208, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communications management circuit system). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, which is configured to or otherwise supports means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 1204 and the memory 1206 coupled to the processor 1204 may be configured to perform one or more functions described herein (e.g., execution of instructions stored in the memory 1206 by the processor 1204).

[0192] For example, according to the examples disclosed herein, the processor 1204 may support wireless communication at the device 1202. The processor 1204 may be configured to or otherwise support: receiving a first signaling from a first set of devices, the first signaling indicating a first SL-PRS set sent in a many-to-one manner; generating a first positioning measurement set based on the first SL-PRS set; in response to receiving the first SL-PRS set, sending a second signaling indicating an additional SL-PRS to the first set of devices in a one-to-many manner; receiving a third signaling indicating a second positioning measurement set from the first set of devices; and sending a fourth signaling indicating a measurement report including the first positioning measurement set and the second positioning measurement set.

[0193] Additionally or alternatively, the processor 1204 may be configured to or otherwise support: causing the apparatus to, in response to receiving the first SL-PRS set, send a fifth signaling indicating an SL-PRS measurement report to the first device set; wherein the apparatus includes a target UE, and the first device set includes one or more of the following items: an anchor UE, a sidelink positioning server UE, and a roadside unit; wherein each positioning measurement in the first positioning measurement set and the second positioning measurement set includes one or more of the following items: a sidelink reference signal time difference, a sidelink relative arrival time, a user equipment receiving and sending time difference, a sidelink arrival angle, a sidelink reference signal received power, and a sidelink reference signal received path power; wherein the sidelink reference signal time difference measurement is defined as a sidelink relative timing difference between a TP of anchor device j and a reference TP of anchor device i, defined as T SubframeRx,j -T SubframeRx,i , where: T SubframeRx,j is the time when the user equipment receives the start of a subframe from the TP of anchor device j, and T SubframeRx,i is the time at which the user equipment receives from the TP of anchor device i the corresponding start of a subframe that is closest in time to the subframe received from the TP of anchor device j; wherein the sidelink relative arrival time measurement is defined as the start of the sidelink subframe i of the SL-PRS resources received at each device in the first set of devices relative to the SL-RTOA reference time, the SL-RTOA reference time being further defined by T0+t SL-PRS Definition, where T0 is the nominal start time of SFN 0 or DFN 0, and t SL-PRS By (10n SL-F +n SL-SF )×10 -3 Definition, where n SL-F and n SL-SF Respectively represent the DFN and subframe number of the SL-PRS resource; wherein the user equipment receiving and sending time difference measurement is defined as the difference between the reception time of the SL-PRS and the subsequent transmission time of another SL-PRS, and is represented by T UE-RX -T UE-TX Definition, where T UE-RX is the user equipment reception timing of the sidelink subframe #i from the sidelink device, defined by the first detection path in time, and T UE-TXA user equipment transmission timing of a side link subframe #j defined as being closest in time to a subframe #i received from a side link device; receiving a fifth signaling indicating a configuration message for performing one-to-many SL-PRS transmission and many-to-one SL-PRS reception; wherein the configuration message includes one or more of the following items: a side link positioning protocol message, a side link control information, a side link media access control element, a PC5-RRC message, a PC5-S message, a vehicle-to-everything message, and a neighboring service layer message; wherein the configuration message includes a trigger The method comprises an SL-PRS propagation type indicator, a transmission order of the SL-PRS, and a type of positioning technology to be performed, wherein the SL-PRS propagation type indicator indicates a transmission type for the SL-PRS via first-level sidelink control information (SCI) or second-level SCI; wherein the SL-PRS propagation type indicator comprises one of the following items: a unicast indication, a multicast indication, a one-to-many indication, a many-to-one indication, or a broadcast indication; wherein the one-to-many indication or the many-to-one indication comprises a plurality of separate unicast signalings; wherein the trigger message for performing sidelink positioning The method comprises one or more of the following items: the number of identified anchor devices, the type of positioning method, an indication of the transmission order of SL-PRS, a user equipment identifier of the user equipment involved in the configured side link positioning session, a propagation type indicator, an indication of the configured reference anchor device, and synchronization information; wherein the second signaling is sent in the order of transmission, including first sending the first SL-PRS in a one-to-many manner, and then sending the additional SL-PRS in a many-to-one manner; the fourth signaling is sent to one or more of the following items: a base station, a location management function, a roadside unit, a side link positioning server user equipment, and a side link positioning client user equipment; the fifth signaling is received, and the fifth signaling indicates a reference anchor device for generating a first positioning measurement set, wherein the reference anchor device is one of the devices in the first device set; wherein the fifth signaling also indicates an SL-PRS identifier that allows a specific SL-PRS resource to be identified, a subframe boundary offset at the position of the anchor device between the reference anchor device and the additional device in the first device set, and a quality of the real-time difference between the reference anchor device and the additional device in the first device set.

[0194] For example, according to the examples disclosed herein, the processor 1204 may support wireless communication at the device 1202. The processor 1204 may be configured to or otherwise support components for: receiving a first signaling from a first set of devices indicating a first SL-PRS set sent in a many-to-one manner; generating a first positioning measurement set based on the first SL-PRS set; in response to receiving the first SL-PRS set, sending a second signaling indicating an additional SL-PRS to the first set of devices in a one-to-many manner; receiving a third signaling indicating a second positioning measurement set from the first set of devices; and sending a fourth signaling indicating a measurement report including the first positioning measurement set and the second positioning measurement set.

[0195] Additionally or alternatively, the processor 1204 may be configured to or otherwise support: in response to receiving the first SL-PRS set, sending a fifth signaling indicating an SL-PRS measurement report to the first device set; wherein the method is implemented by the target UE, and the first device set includes one or more of the following items: an anchor UE, a sidelink positioning server UE, and a roadside unit; wherein each positioning measurement in the first positioning measurement set and the second positioning measurement set includes one or more of the following items: a sidelink reference signal time difference, a sidelink relative arrival time, a user equipment receiving and sending time difference, a sidelink arrival angle, a sidelink reference signal received power, and a sidelink reference signal received path power; wherein the sidelink reference signal time difference measurement is defined as a sidelink relative timing difference between a transmission point (TP) of an anchor device j and a reference TP of an anchor device i, and is defined as T SubframeRx,j -T SubframeRx,i , where: T SubframeRx,j is the time when the user equipment receives the start of a subframe from the TP of anchor device j, and T SubframeRx,i is the time at which the user equipment receives from the TP of anchor device i the corresponding start of a subframe that is closest in time to the subframe received from the TP of anchor device j; wherein the sidelink relative arrival time measurement is defined as the start of the sidelink subframe i of the SL-PRS resources received at each device in the first set of devices relative to the SL-RTOA reference time, the SL-RTOA reference time being further defined by T0+t SL-PRS Definition, where T0 is the nominal start time of SFN 0 or DFN 0, and t SL-PRS By (10n SL-F +n SL-SF )×10 -3 Definition, where n SL-F and n SL-SFRespectively represent the DFN and subframe number of the SL-PRS resource; wherein the user equipment receiving and sending time difference measurement is defined as the difference between the reception time of the SL-PRS and the subsequent transmission time of another SL-PRS, and is represented by T UE-RX -T UE-TX Definition, where T UE-RX is the user equipment reception timing of the sidelink subframe #i from the sidelink device, defined by the first detection path in time, and T UE-TX The method further comprises: receiving a fifth signaling indicating a configuration message for performing one-to-many SL-PRS transmission and many-to-one SL-PRS reception; wherein the configuration message comprises one or more of the following items: a side link positioning protocol message, a side link control information, a side link media access control element, a PC5-RRC message, a PC5-S message, a vehicle-to-everything message, and a neighboring service layer message; wherein the configuration message comprises a trigger, the trigger The transmitter includes an SL-PRS propagation type indicator, a transmission order of the SL-PRS, and a type of positioning technology to be performed, wherein the SL-PRS propagation type indicator indicates a transmission type for the SL-PRS via first-level sidelink control information (SCI) or second-level SCI; wherein the SL-PRS propagation type indicator includes one of the following items: a unicast indication, a multicast indication, a one-to-many indication, a many-to-one indication, or a broadcast indication; wherein the one-to-many indication or the many-to-one indication includes a plurality of separate unicast signalings; wherein the trigger message packet for performing sidelink positioning The method comprises one or more of the following items: the number of identified anchor devices, the type of positioning method, an indication of the transmission order of SL-PRS, a user equipment identifier of the user equipment involved in the configured side link positioning session, a propagation type indicator, an indication of the configured reference anchor device, and synchronization information; wherein sending the second signaling comprises sending the second signaling in the order of transmission, including first sending the first SL-PRS in a one-to-many manner, and then sending the additional SL-PRS in a many-to-one manner; and further comprises sending a fourth signaling to one or more of the following items: a base station, a location management function, a roadside unit, a side link positioning server user equipment, and a side link positioning client user equipment; and further comprises receiving a fifth signaling, the fifth signaling indicating a reference anchor device for generating a first positioning measurement set, wherein the reference anchor device is one of the devices in the first device set; wherein the fifth signaling also indicates an SL-PRS identifier that allows a specific SL-PRS resource to be identified, a subframe boundary offset at the position of the anchor device between the reference anchor device and the additional device in the first device set, and a quality of the real-time difference between the reference anchor device and the additional device in the first device set.

[0196] According to the examples disclosed herein, a processor 1204 of a device 1202, such as a UE 104, may support wireless communication. The processor 1204 includes at least one controller coupled to at least one memory and configured or operable to cause the processor to: receive first signaling from a first set of devices, the first signaling indicating a first SL-PRS set sent in a many-to-one manner; generate a first positioning measurement set based on the first SL-PRS set; in response to receiving the first SL-PRS set, send a second signaling indicating an additional SL-PRS to the first set of devices in a one-to-many manner; receive a third signaling indicating a second positioning measurement set from the first set of devices; send a fourth signaling indicating a measurement report including the first positioning measurement set and the second positioning measurement set.

[0197] The processor 1204 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 1204 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1204. The processor 1204 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1206) to cause the device 1202 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0198] The memory 1206 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 1206 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code, which includes instructions that, when executed by the processor 1204, cause the device 1202 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium (such as system memory or another type of memory). In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 1204, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 1206 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS), which may control basic hardware operations or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0199] I / O controller 1210 can manage input signals and output signals for device 1202. I / O controller 1210 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 2402. In some implementations, I / O controller 1210 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some implementations, I / O controller 1210 can utilize an operating system, such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1210 can be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 1204. In some implementations, a user can interact with the device 1202 via the I / O controller 1210 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1210.

[0200] In some implementations, the device 1202 may include a single antenna 1212. However, in some other implementations, the device 1202 may have more than one antenna 1212 (i.e., multiple antennas), including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which are capable of concurrently sending or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1208 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1212, wired or wireless links, as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1208 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1208 may also include a modem that modulates packets, provides the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1212 for transmission, and demodulates packets received from one or more antennas 1212.

[0201] Fig.13 An example of a block diagram 1300 of a device 1302 supporting combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The device 1302 may be an example of an anchor device (e.g., UE 104) as described herein. The device 1302 may support wireless communications with one or more network entities 102, UE 104, or any combination thereof. The device 1302 may include components for bidirectional communication including components for sending and receiving communications (such as a processor 1304, a memory 1306, a transceiver 1308, and an I / O controller 1310). These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., a bus).

[0202] The processor 1304, the memory 1306, the transceiver 1308, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure described herein. For example, the processor 1304, the memory 1306, the transceiver 1308, or various combinations thereof or components thereof may support methods for performing one or more of the operations described herein.

[0203] In some implementations, the processor 1304, memory 1306, transceiver 1308, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communications management circuit system). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof that is configured to or otherwise supports means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 1304 and the memory 1306 coupled to the processor 1304 may be configured to perform one or more functions described herein (e.g., execution of instructions stored in the memory 1306 by the processor 1304).

[0204] For example, according to the examples disclosed herein, the processor 1304 may support wireless communication at the device 1302. The processor 1304 may be configured to or otherwise support: sending a first signaling indicating a first SL-PRS to a first device in a many-to-one manner; receiving a second signaling indicating a second SL-PRS from the first device in a one-to-many manner in response to the first SL-PRS; generating a first positioning measurement based on the second SL-PRS; and sending a third signaling indicating a third SL-PRS or a measurement report including the first positioning measurement.

[0205] Additionally or alternatively, the processor 1304 may be configured to or otherwise support: causing the apparatus to receive a fourth signaling indicating an SL-PRS measurement report from a first device; wherein the first device includes a target UE, and the apparatus includes one or more of the following items: an anchor UE, a sidelink positioning server UE, and a roadside unit; wherein the first positioning measurement includes one or more of the following items: a sidelink reference signal time difference, a sidelink relative arrival time, a user equipment receive and send time difference, a sidelink arrival angle, a sidelink reference signal receive power, and a sidelink reference signal receive path power; wherein the processor is further configured to cause the apparatus to receive a fourth signaling indicating a configuration message for performing one-to-many SL-PRS reception and many-to-one SL-PRS transmission; wherein the configuration message includes one or more of the following items: a sidelink positioning protocol message, a PC5-RRC message, a PC5-S message, a vehicle-to-everything message, and a neighbor Near service layer message; wherein the configuration message includes a trigger, which includes an SL-PRS propagation type indicator, a transmission order of the SL-PRS, and a type of positioning technology to be performed, the SL-PRS propagation type indicator indicates the transmission type for the SL-PRS via the first-level sidelink control information (SCI) or the second-level SCI; wherein the SL-PRS propagation type indicator includes one of the following items: a unicast indication, a multicast indication, a one-to-many indication, a many-to-one indication, or a broadcast indication; sending a third signaling to one or more of the following items: a base station, a location management function, a roadside unit, a sidelink positioning server user equipment, a sidelink positioning client user equipment, and a first device; receiving a fourth signaling, the fourth signaling indicating that the apparatus is a reference anchor for generating a positioning measurement set for the first device; receiving a fourth signaling, the fourth signaling indicating one or both of a search window or a search window quality indicator in which a second signaling is expected.

[0206] For example, according to the examples disclosed herein, the processor 1304 may support wireless communication at the device 1302. The processor 1304 may be configured to or otherwise support components for: sending a first signaling indicating a first SL-PRS to a first device in a many-to-one manner; receiving a second signaling indicating a second SL-PRS from the first device in a one-to-many manner in response to the first SL-PRS; generating a first positioning measurement based on the second SL-PRS; and sending a third signaling indicating a third SL-PRS or a measurement report including the first positioning measurement.

[0207] Additionally or alternatively, the processor 1304 may be configured to or otherwise support: receiving a fourth signaling indicating an SL-PRS measurement report from a first device; wherein the first device includes a target UE, and the method is implemented by one or more of the following items: an anchor UE, a sidelink positioning server UE, and a roadside unit; wherein the first positioning measurement includes one or more of the following items: a sidelink reference signal time difference, a sidelink relative arrival time, a user equipment receive and send time difference, a sidelink arrival angle, a sidelink reference signal receive power, and a sidelink reference signal receive path power; receiving a fourth signaling indicating a configuration message for performing one-to-many SL-PRS reception and many-to-one SL-PRS transmission; wherein the configuration message includes one or more of the following items: a sidelink positioning protocol message, a PC5-RRC message, a PC5-S message, a vehicle-to-everything message, and a neighboring service layer message; wherein the configuration The message includes a trigger, which includes a SL-PRS propagation type indicator, a transmission order of the SL-PRS, and a type of positioning technology to be performed, the SL-PRS propagation type indicator indicating the transmission type for the SL-PRS via the first-level sidelink control information (SCI) or the second-level SCI; wherein the SL-PRS propagation type indicator includes one of the following items: a unicast indication, a multicast indication, a one-to-many indication, a many-to-one indication, or a broadcast indication; a third signaling is sent to one or more of the following items: a base station, a location management function, a roadside unit, a sidelink positioning server user equipment, a sidelink positioning client user equipment, and a first device; a fourth signaling is received, which indicates that the device for implementing the method is a reference anchor for generating a positioning measurement set for the first device; a fourth signaling is received, which indicates one or both of a search window or a search window quality indicator in which the second signaling is expected.

[0208] According to the examples disclosed herein, a processor 1304 of a device 1302, such as a UE 104, may support wireless communication. The processor 1304 includes at least one controller coupled to at least one memory and configured or operable to cause the processor to: send first signaling indicating a first SL-PRS to a first device in a many-to-one manner; receive second signaling indicating a second SL-PRS from the first device in a one-to-many manner in response to the first SL-PRS; generate a first positioning measurement based on the second SL-PRS; and send a third signaling indicating a third SL-PRS or a measurement report including the first positioning measurement.

[0209] The processor 1304 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 1304 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1304. The processor 1304 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1306) to cause the device 1302 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0210] The memory 1306 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 1306 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code, which includes instructions that, when executed by the processor 1304, cause the device 1302 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium (such as system memory or another type of memory). In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 1304, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 1306 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS), which may control basic hardware operations or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0211] I / O controller 1310 can manage input signals and output signals for device 1302. I / O controller 1310 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 2402. In some implementations, I / O controller 1310 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some implementations, I / O controller 1310 can utilize an operating system, such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, I / O controller 1310 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as processor 1304. In some implementations, a user may interact with device 1302 via I / O controller 1310 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 1310.

[0212] In some implementations, the device 1302 may include a single antenna 1312. However, in some other implementations, the device 1302 may have more than one antenna 1312 (i.e., multiple antennas), including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which are capable of concurrently sending or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1308 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1312, wired or wireless links, as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1308 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1308 may also include a modem that modulates packets, provides the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1312 for transmission, and demodulates packets received from one or more antennas 1312.

[0213] Fig.14 A flow chart of a method 1400 for supporting combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by the devices described herein or components thereof. For example, the operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by reference to Figures 1 to 13 The described UE 104 (e.g., target UE) performs. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0214] At 1405, the method may include receiving first signaling from a first set of devices, the first signaling indicating a first set of SL-PRSs transmitted in a many-to-one manner. The operations of 1405 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be described with reference to Figure 1 The described device is used to perform

[0215] At 1410, the method may include generating a first positioning measurement set based on the first SL-PRS set. The operations of 1410 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed by reference to Figure 1 The described device is used to perform

[0216] At 1415, the method may include, in response to receiving the first SL-PRS set, sending second signaling indicating the additional SL-PRS to the first set of devices in a one-to-many manner. The operations of 1415 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1415 may be described by reference to Figure 1 The described device is used to perform

[0217] At 1420, the method may include receiving third signaling from the first set of devices indicating a second set of positioning measurements. The operations of 1420 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1420 may be performed by reference to Figure 1 The described device is used to perform

[0218] At 1425, the method may include sending fourth signaling indicating a measurement report including the first positioning measurement set and the second positioning measurement set. The operations of 1425 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1425 may be performed by reference to Figure 1 The described device is used to perform

[0219] Fig.15 A flow chart of a method 1500 for supporting combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by the devices described herein or components thereof. For example, the operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by reference to Figures 1 to 13 The described UE 104 (e.g., target UE) performs. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0220] At 1505, the method may include receiving fifth signaling indicating a configuration message for performing one-to-many SL-PRS transmission and many-to-one SL-PRS reception. The operations of 1505 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1505 may be described with reference to Figure 1 The described device is used to perform

[0221] Fig.16 A flow chart of a method 1600 for supporting combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by the devices described herein or components thereof. For example, the operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by reference to Figures 1 to 13 The described UE 104 (e.g., target UE) performs. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0222] At 1605, the method may include receiving fifth signaling indicating a reference anchor device for generating the first positioning measurement set, wherein the reference anchor device is one of the first device set. The operations of 1605 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be performed by reference anchor devices. Figure 1 The described device is used to perform

[0223] Fig.17 A flow chart of a method 1700 for supporting combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by the devices described herein or components thereof. For example, the operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by reference to Figures 1 to 13 The described UE 104 (eg, anchor UE) performs. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0224] At 1705, the method may include sending first signaling indicating a first SL-PRS to a first device in a many-to-one manner. The operations of 1705 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1705 may be described by reference to Figure 1 The described device is used to perform

[0225] At 1710, the method may include receiving, in response to the first SL-PRS, second signaling from the first device in a one-to-many manner indicating a second SL-PRS. The operations of 1710 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be described with reference to Figure 1 The described device is used to perform

[0226] At 1715, the method may include generating a first positioning measurement based on the second SL-PRS. The operations of 1715 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1715 may be performed by reference to Figure 1 The described device is used to perform

[0227] At 1720, the method may include sending a third signaling indicating a third SL-PRS or a measurement report including the first positioning measurement. The operations of 1720 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1720 may be described with reference to Figure 1 The described device is used to perform

[0228] Fig.18A flow chart of a method 1800 for supporting combined one-to-many and many-to-one sidelink positioning according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by the devices described herein or components thereof. For example, the operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by reference to Figures 1 to 13 The described UE 104 (eg, anchor UE) performs. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0229] At 1805, the method may include receiving fourth signaling indicating a configuration message for performing one-to-many SL-PRS reception and many-to-one SL-PRS transmission. The operations of 1805 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1805 may be described by reference to Figure 1 The described device is used to perform

[0230] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0231] The various illustrative blocks and components described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0232] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on a computer-readable medium or sent via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hard wiring, or any combination of these. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed so that portions of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0233] Computer-readable media include both non-transient computer storage media and communication media, and communication media include any medium that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one place to another. Non-transient storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose computer or a special-purpose computer. By way of example and not limitation, non-transient computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program code components in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a general-purpose computer or a special-purpose computer, or any other non-transient medium of a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor.

[0234] Any connection may be appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is sent from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio, and microwave), the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio, and microwave) is included in the definition of computer-readable medium. As used herein, disks and optical disks include CDs, laser disks, optical disks, digital versatile disks (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray disks, wherein disks generally reproduce data magnetically, and optical disks reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0235] As used herein, including in the claims, "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items beginning with a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of" or "one or both of") indicates an inclusive list, so that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Similarly, a list of at least one of A; B; or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). In addition, as used herein, the phrase "based on" cannot be interpreted as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" can be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" can be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on". In addition, as used herein, including in the claims, a "set" can include one or more elements.

[0236] When referring to a network entity, the terms "transmit," "receive," or "communicate" may refer to any part of a network entity of a RAN (e.g., base station, CU, DU, RU) that communicates with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities).

[0237] The descriptions set forth herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describe example configurations and do not represent all examples that may be implemented or within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "used as an example, instance, or illustration," rather than "preferred" or "better than other examples." The specific implementation includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid confusing the concepts of the described examples.

[0238] The description herein is provided to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: at least one memory; as well as at least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to: receiving first signaling from a first set of devices, the first signaling indicating a first set of sidelink positioning reference signals (SL-PRS) sent in a many-to-one manner; Generate a first positioning measurement set based on the first SL-PRS set; In response to the receiving the first set of SL-PRSs, sending second signaling indicating additional SL-PRSs to the first set of devices in a one-to-many manner; receiving, from the first set of devices, third signaling indicating a second positioning measurement set; Sending a fourth signaling, where the fourth signaling indicates a measurement report including the first positioning measurement set and the second positioning measurement set.

2. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the UE to: in response to receiving the first SL-PRS set, send fifth signaling indicating an SL-PRS measurement report to the first device set. 3 . The UE according to claim 1 , wherein the first device set includes one or more of the following items: an anchor UE, a sidelink positioning server UE, and a roadside unit.

4. The UE according to claim 1, wherein each positioning measurement in the first positioning measurement set and the second positioning measurement set includes one or more of the following items: sidelink reference signal time difference, sidelink relative arrival time, user equipment receive and send time difference, sidelink arrival angle, sidelink reference signal received power, and sidelink reference signal received path power.

5. The UE of claim 4, wherein the sidelink reference signal time difference measurement is defined as the sidelink relative timing difference between the transmission point (TP) of anchor device j and the reference TP of anchor device i, defined as T SubframeRx,j -T SubframeRx,i ,in: The T SubframeRx,j is the time when the user equipment receives the start of a subframe from the TP of the anchor device j, and the T SubframeRx,i is the time at which the user equipment receives from the TP of the anchor device i a corresponding start of a subframe that is closest in time to a subframe received from the TP of the anchor device j.

6. The UE of claim 4, wherein the sidelink relative time of arrival measurement is defined as the start of a sidelink subframe i of the SL-PRS resources received at each device in the first set of devices relative to a sidelink relative time of arrival (SL-RTOA) reference time, the SL-RTOA reference time being further defined by T0+t SL-PRS Definition, where T0 is the nominal start time of system frame number (SFN) 0 or direct frame number (DFN) 0, and t SL-PRS By (10n SL-F +n SL-SF )×10 -3 Definition, where n SL-F and n SL-SF Respectively represent the DFN and subframe number of the SL-PRS resource.

7. The UE of claim 4, wherein the UE receive-send time difference measurement is defined as the difference between the reception time of a SL-PRS and the subsequent transmission time of another SL-PRS, represented by T UE-RX -T UE-TX Definition, where T UE-RX is the user equipment reception timing of the side link subframe #i from the side link device, defined by the first detection path in time, and the T UE-TX The user equipment transmission timing of the sidelink subframe #j is defined as the sidelink subframe #j that is closest in time to the subframe #i received from the sidelink device.

8. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the UE to receive fifth signaling, the fifth signaling indicating a configuration message for performing one-to-many SL-PRS transmission and many-to-one SL-PRS reception.

9. The UE according to claim 8, wherein the configuration message includes one or more of the following items: sidelink positioning protocol message, sidelink control information, sidelink media access control element, PC5-RRC message, PC5-S message, vehicle-to-everything message, and neighboring service layer message.

10. The UE according to claim 8, wherein the configuration message includes a trigger, the trigger including a SL-PRS propagation type indicator, a transmission order of the SL-PRS, and a type of positioning technology to be performed, the SL-PRS propagation type indicator indicating a transmission type for the SL-PRS via a first-level sidelink control information (SCI) or a second-level SCI.

11. The UE according to claim 10, wherein the SL-PRS propagation type indicator comprises one of the following items: a unicast indication, a multicast indication, a one-to-many indication, a many-to-one indication, or a broadcast indication. 12 . The UE according to claim 1 , wherein the one-to-many indication or the many-to-one indication comprises a plurality of separate unicast signalings.

13. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the trigger message used to perform sidelink positioning includes one or more of the following items: the number of identified anchor devices, the type of positioning method, the transmission order indication of SL-PRS, the user equipment identifier of the user equipment involved in the configured sidelink positioning session, the propagation type indicator, the indication of the configured reference anchor device, and synchronization information.

14. The UE of claim 1, wherein sending the second signaling is sending the second signaling in a transmission order, including first sending a first SL-PRS in a one-to-many manner, and then sending an additional SL-PRS in a many-to-one manner.

15. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the UE to send the fourth signaling to one or more of the following items: a base station, a location management function, a road side unit, a side link positioning server user equipment, and a side link positioning client user equipment. 16 . The UE according to claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to cause the UE to receive fifth signaling, the fifth signaling indicating a reference anchor device used to generate the first positioning measurement set, wherein the reference anchor device is one of the first device set.

17. A UE according to claim 16, wherein the fifth signaling further indicates a SL-PRS identifier allowing a specific SL-PRS resource to be identified, a subframe boundary offset at the position of the anchor device between the reference anchor device and the additional devices in the first device set, and a quality of a real-time difference between the reference anchor device and the additional devices in the first device set.

18. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: processor; as well as a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to cause the apparatus to: Sending first signaling indicating a first sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) to the first device in a many-to-one manner; In response to the first SL-PRS, receiving second signaling indicating a second SL-PRS from the first device in a one-to-many manner; generating a first positioning measurement based on the second SL-PRS; Send a third signaling indicating a third SL-PRS or a measurement report including the first positioning measurement.

19. A processor for wireless communication, comprising: at least one controller coupled to at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: receiving first signaling from a first set of devices, the first signaling indicating a first set of sidelink positioning reference signals (SL-PRS) sent in a many-to-one manner; Generating a first positioning measurement set based on the first SL-PRS set; In response to the receiving the first set of SL-PRSs, sending second signaling indicating additional SL-PRSs to the first set of devices in a one-to-many manner; receiving, from the first set of devices, third signaling indicating a second positioning measurement set; Sending a fourth signaling, where the fourth signaling indicates a measurement report including the first positioning measurement set and the second positioning measurement set.

20. A processor for wireless communication, comprising: at least one controller coupled to at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: Sending first signaling indicating a first sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) to the first device in a many-to-one manner; In response to the first SL-PRS, receiving second signaling indicating a second SL-PRS from the first device in a one-to-many manner; generating a first positioning measurement based on the second SL-PRS; Send a third signaling indicating a third SL-PRS or a measurement report including the first positioning measurement.

Images