NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things)-based elderly health and safety monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses an old people health and safety monitoring system based on NB-IoT. The old people health and safety monitoring system comprises a data transmitting end and a data monitoring and processing end connected with the data transmitting end. The data transmitting end comprises a BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module, a cloud server and a terminal, monitored data are uploaded to the cloud server through the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module, and then the data are sent to the terminal through the cloud server; and the data monitoring and processing end comprises a sensor module and a main control module, is used for sending monitored data to the main control module for processing, and has the advantages of long-distance, stable and real-time information sending and capability of accurately and timely capturing the monitoring data of the old people under any condition. Meanwhile, the system has the technical characteristics of intelligent early warning and alarming functions and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a health and safety monitoring system for the elderly, and more specifically, to a health and safety monitoring system for the elderly based on NB-IoT, belonging to the technical field of Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] The sudden emergencies faced by the elderly in their daily lives, such as high blood pressure, heart attacks, falls, etc., not only threaten their physical health, but also often lead to more serious consequences due to untimely rescue. These emergencies often come suddenly and require rapid and effective response measures. However, as the aging process of society accelerates, the number of elderly people living alone and those whose relatives and friends are not often around is increasing, and their safety issues are becoming more and more prominent, and the demand for timely and reliable elderly services is also increasing.

[0003] Although there are some technical products for elderly safety monitoring on the market, they still have many limitations in practical applications. Most existing products use wired methods to transmit elderly monitoring data. Although this method ensures the stability of data to a certain extent, it undoubtedly increases the inconvenience of the elderly's lives and limits their range of activities. At the same time, the maintenance and inspection of the lines is also a tedious task, which brings additional burdens to the elderly and their families.

[0004] In addition, although some products use short-range wireless communication methods such as Bluetooth to transmit data, which improves convenience to a certain extent, the communication distance and monitoring distance are still limited. This means that when an emergency occurs in a place far away from the elderly at home, the monitoring system may not be able to capture the signal in time, thus delaying the rescue opportunity. In addition, short-range wireless communication methods are also easily interfered by environmental factors, such as obstructions such as walls and furniture, which may affect the transmission quality of the signal.

[0005] In view of these shortcomings, the market urgently needs a more advanced and reliable elderly safety monitoring technology. This technology should be able to send information over long distances, stably and in real time, and ensure that the elderly's monitoring data can be captured accurately and timely under any circumstances. At the same time, it should also have intelligent early warning and alarm functions, which can automatically trigger the alarm mechanism when an emergency occurs to notify family members or medical institutions for rescue. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned existing technical problems, the present invention provides an NB-IoT-based elderly health and safety monitoring system that has the ability to send information over long distances, stably, and in real time, and can ensure that the elderly's monitoring data can be captured accurately and timely under any circumstances. At the same time, it should also have technical features such as intelligent early warning and alarm functions.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention discloses an elderly health and safety monitoring system based on NB-IoT, comprising a data transmission end and a data monitoring and processing end connected to the data transmission end;

[0009] The data transmission end includes a BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module, a cloud server and a terminal. The monitored data is uploaded to the cloud server through the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module, and then the cloud server sends the data to the terminal;

[0010] The data monitoring and processing end includes a sensor module and a main control module, and is used to send the monitored data to the main control module for processing.

[0011] Preferably, the sensor module includes a communicatively connected MQ-135 harmful gas sensor module, a MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module, a DS18B20 temperature sensor module, and an MPU60506 axis posture sensor module. The Q-135 harmful gas sensor module, the MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module, the DS18B20 temperature sensor module, and the MPU60506 axis posture sensor module are all connected to the main control module to respectively obtain whether there are harmful gases in the environment where the elderly are located, the elderly's heart rate, blood oxygen, body temperature and posture; the main control module includes an STM32F103ZET6 microcontroller.

[0012] Preferably, the main control module is connected to a 32.768K crystal oscillator circuit to provide the clock required for the operation of the main control module.

[0013] Preferably, the main control module is connected to a speaker driven by an S8050 transistor to generate alarms for the presence of harmful gases, falls, and abnormal heart rate, blood oxygen, and body temperature data in the elderly's environment when monitoring.

[0014] Preferably, the main control module is connected to a program download circuit for burning the code into the main control module.

[0015] Preferably, the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module is a high-performance, low-power, multi-band LTE CatNB1 / CatNB2 wireless communication module, which is connected to the main control module via serial port communication.

[0016] Preferably, the data transmission end is also communicatively connected to a mobile control terminal.

[0017] Preferably, the mobile control terminal is any one of a mobile phone and a computer.

[0018] Preferably, the VDD terminal and the GND terminal of the DS18B20 temperature sensor are connected to 3.3V and ground respectively, the DQ terminal of the DS18B20 temperature sensor exchanges data with the main control module, and a 10K pull-up resistor is connected between the DQ terminal and the VDD terminal;

[0019] When the DS18B20 temperature sensor detects the body temperature of the elderly, the main control module transmits the specific value to the data transmission end, so that the temperature value in the mobile control terminal can change in real time; when the body temperature of the elderly reaches above 37.2° for ten minutes or below 36° for ten minutes, the main control module controls the speaker to sound an alarm, writes AT commands to the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module to obtain the longitude and latitude location information in the RMC, and controls the data transmission end to send a prompt that the elderly's body temperature is too high or too low and the elderly's location information to the mobile control terminal.

[0020] The MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module integrates infrared LED, red light LED and photodetector. The infrared LED and red light LED are used to illuminate the skin, and then the photodetector collects the reflected light signal to calculate the blood oxygen saturation and heart rate. The main control module uses the I2C protocol to communicate with the MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module; the MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module sends the sampled data to the main control module for heart rate and blood oxygen calculation, and sends the calculated values ​​to the terminal mobile phone through the data transmitter to achieve real-time update. When the calculated values ​​of heart rate and blood oxygen exceed the set threshold, the main control module controls the speaker to sound an alarm, and controls the data transmitter to send abnormal heart rate and blood oxygen prompts and the location information of the elderly to the mobile control terminal.

[0021] The analog output of the AO port of the MQ-135 air quality sensor module is connected to the main control module. The main control module judges the voltage value of the sampled AO. 0.1V-0.3V is low pollution and is considered relatively pollution-free. Above 4V is high concentration and is considered serious pollution. 0.3V-4V can be considered mild pollution. The main control module controls the data transmitter to send the judgment result to the mobile control terminal for real-time update. If the voltage value sampled by the main control module is greater than 4V, the main control module controls the speaker to sound an alarm and controls the data transmitter to send a reminder of serious pollution and the location information of the elderly to the mobile control terminal.

[0022] The MQ-135 air quality sensor detects or measures harmful gases such as ammonia, benzene, sulfur, carbon dioxide, smoke, etc. The working principle is based on the resistance change of semiconductor gas sensors. When the gas enters the sensor, it will chemically react with the sensitive material on the surface of the gas sensor, causing the resistance value to change. By measuring the change in resistance value, the concentration of polluted gas can be inferred.

[0023] Preferably, the main control module communicates with the 6-axis attitude sensor module of MPU6050 using the I2C protocol; when the 6-axis attitude sensor chip of MPU6050 tilts too quickly toward the X-axis or Z-axis, it can be determined that the elderly person is about to fall or has already fallen. After determining the above situation, the main control module waits for 20 seconds and then determines again whether the elderly person tilts too much toward the X-axis or Z-axis. If both judgments are satisfied, the main control module controls the speaker to sound an alarm, and controls the data transmission end to send a reminder that the elderly person has fallen and the elderly person's location information to the mobile control terminal. The 6-axis attitude sensor of MPU6050 measures the acceleration and angle parameters of the chip's own X, Y, and Z axes, and obtains the attitude angle through data fusion;

[0024] The RXD pin and TXD pin of the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module are connected to the serial port pin TXD and pin RXD of the main control module respectively; when the data monitoring and processing end sends the data to the main control module for processing, the main control module controls the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module to upload the data to the cloud server, and the mobile control terminal obtains data from the cloud server to realize remote monitoring of the real-time situation of the elderly.

[0025] Beneficial effects: safe and reliable, with long-distance, stable, and real-time information transmission, which can ensure that the elderly's monitoring data can be accurately and timely captured under any circumstances. At the same time, it should also have intelligent early warning and alarm functions, which can automatically trigger the alarm mechanism when an emergency occurs to notify family members or medical institutions for rescue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is the overall structural block diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection circuit of the STM32F103ZET6 microcontroller of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the DS18B20 temperature sensor module circuit of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module circuit of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the MQ-135 harmful gas sensor module circuit of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the MPU60506 axis attitude sensor module circuit of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of the NB-IoT BC-26 wireless communication module circuit of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The present invention is specially developed to meet the needs of timely detection of emergencies of the elderly and notification to their relatives. It combines long-distance wireless transmission technology, sensor technology and posture detection to enable children and relatives to remotely monitor the elderly's environmental conditions, physical conditions and postures in a different location, thus providing protection for the health and safety of the elderly.

[0035] like Figure 1-7 The figure shows a specific embodiment of an elderly health and safety monitoring system based on NB-IoT, an elderly health and safety monitoring system based on NB-IoT, including a data transmission end and a data monitoring and processing end connected to the data transmission end; the data transmission end includes a BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module, a cloud server and a terminal, and the monitored data is uploaded to the cloud server through the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module, and then the cloud server sends the data to the terminal; the data monitoring and processing end includes a sensor module and a main control module, which are used to send the monitored data to the main control module for processing.

[0036] A specific embodiment of an elderly health and safety monitoring system based on NB-IoT (narrowband Internet of Things) aims to achieve comprehensive, real-time, and remote monitoring of the health status of the elderly through advanced Internet of Things technology, thereby effectively improving the life safety and health management level of the elderly who live alone or whose relatives and friends are not often around.

[0037] 1. Data transmission end:

[0038] BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module (BC-26 module for short): As the core communication component of the system, the BC-26 module has the characteristics of low power consumption, wide coverage, and large connections. It is very suitable for application scenarios such as elderly health monitoring that require long-term stable operation and small data transmission volume. It can directly send monitoring data to the cloud server through the NB-IoT network without relying on short-distance communication technologies such as WiFi or Bluetooth, greatly expanding the monitoring range.

[0039] Cloud server: As the center of data storage and forwarding, the cloud server receives data from the BC-26 module and performs preliminary processing (such as data cleaning, format conversion, etc.). At the same time, the cloud server also bears the important responsibility of data security management, using encrypted transmission and storage technology to ensure the security and privacy protection of the elderly's health data.

[0040] Terminal: It can be a user device such as a smartphone, tablet or PC. By installing a dedicated APP or client software, users can view the elderly’s health data, receive alarm information, and even perform remote control or emergency calls anytime and anywhere.

[0041] 2. Data monitoring and processing end:

[0042] Sensor module: including heart rate sensors, blood pressure sensors, motion sensors (such as accelerometers), environmental sensors (such as temperature and humidity, air quality), etc. These sensors closely fit the daily life of the elderly and collect various physiological parameters and environmental data in real time.

[0043] Main control module: usually uses a low-power microcontroller (MCU), which is responsible for receiving data from the sensor module, performing preliminary data processing (such as filtering, outlier detection) and format conversion, and then sending the data to the cloud server through the BC-26 module. The main control module is also responsible for controlling the operation of the entire system, including the working mode of the sensor, data sampling frequency, etc.

[0044] Features include:

[0045] Real-time monitoring and early warning: The system can monitor the physiological indicators of the elderly in real time. Once an abnormality is found (such as a fast heart rate, high blood pressure, long-term inactivity, etc.), it will immediately send an early warning message to the user through the terminal to remind him to take timely measures.

[0046] Remote monitoring and management: Users can remotely view the elderly’s health data through the terminal, including historical data, trend analysis, etc., which helps to detect health problems in time and intervene.

[0047] Intelligent analysis and suggestions: The cloud server uses big data analysis technology to conduct in-depth mining of the health data of the elderly, provide personalized health suggestions and life guidance, and help the elderly improve their living habits and improve their quality of life.

[0048] Emergency rescue mechanism: The system has a built-in emergency call function. Once the elderly person falls or encounters other emergencies, they can quickly seek help through the preset emergency contact or medical service agency.

[0049] Low power consumption and long battery life: Thanks to the low power consumption characteristics of NB-IoT technology and the optimized design of the system, the entire monitoring system can achieve long battery life while ensuring performance, reducing the trouble of frequent charging.

[0050] Application scenarios: The system is suitable for various scenarios that require remote monitoring of the health status of the elderly, including but not limited to single-living elderly families, nursing homes, community service centers, etc. By having the elderly wear or install monitoring equipment, combined with mobile phone APP or web platform, comprehensive monitoring and management of the health status of the elderly can be achieved, effectively improving the safety and health level of the elderly.

[0051] The elderly health and safety monitoring system based on NB-IoT provides strong technical support for elderly health management and emergency rescue with its high efficiency, stability and security, and is an important development direction in the field of smart elderly care in the future.

[0052] The sensor module includes a communication-connected MQ-135 harmful gas sensor module, a MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module, a DS18B20 temperature sensor module, and an MPU60506 axis attitude sensor module. The Q-135 harmful gas sensor module, the MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module, the DS18B20 temperature sensor module, and the MPU60506 axis attitude sensor module are all connected to the main control module to respectively obtain whether there are harmful gases in the elderly's environment, the elderly's heart rate and blood oxygen, body temperature and posture; the main control module includes an STM32F103ZET6 microcontroller. The following is a detailed expansion of these sensor modules:

[0053] MQ-135 Hazardous Gas Sensor Module

[0054] Function: MQ-135 is a multi-gas sensor. Although it responds to a variety of harmful gases (such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, benzene, smoke, etc.), its main purpose is to detect the concentration of harmful gases in indoor air, especially those gases that may pose a threat to the health of the elderly.

[0055] Working principle: The resistance value of the MQ-135 sensor changes when it comes into contact with harmful gases through the metal oxide semiconductor material inside. This change can be converted into an electrical signal output, thereby realizing the measurement of the concentration of harmful gases.

[0056] Application: In the environment where the elderly live, the MQ-135 sensor can monitor the air quality in real time. Once the concentration of harmful gases exceeds the standard, an alarm message will be immediately sent through the main control module to remind the elderly or their families to take measures.

[0057] MAX30102 Heart Rate Blood Oxygen Sensor Module

[0058] Function: MAX30102 is a highly integrated, low-power heart rate and blood oxygen saturation monitoring sensor. It can accurately calculate heart rate and blood oxygen saturation by emitting light of a specific wavelength to the skin and measuring the intensity change of the reflected light.

[0059] Working principle: Using photoplethysmography (PPG) technology, the MAX30102 sensor can capture changes in blood volume in blood vessels as the heart beats, thereby calculating the heart rate. At the same time, by measuring the difference in absorption of different wavelengths of light (usually red light and infrared light), blood oxygen saturation can be calculated.

[0060] Application: For the elderly, real-time monitoring of heart rate and blood oxygen saturation is very important, as they can reflect the elderly’s cardiovascular health status. Once an abnormality is found, the system can immediately notify the user to avoid potential health risks.

[0061] DS18B20 Temperature Sensor Module

[0062] Function: The DS18B20 is a high-precision, digital-output temperature sensor capable of measuring temperatures in the range of -55°C to +125°C.

[0063] Working principle: The DS18B20 sensor integrates a temperature sensing element and an A / D converter, which can directly convert the temperature value into a digital signal output, simplifying the interface design with the main control module.

[0064] Application: In the elderly health and safety monitoring system, the DS18B20 sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the elderly's environment, as well as the elderly's body temperature (if the sensor is in direct contact with the skin). This is important for preventing health problems caused by excessively high or low temperatures (such as heat stroke, colds, etc.).

[0065] MPU60506-axis attitude sensor module

[0066] Function: MPU6050 is a 6-axis motion tracking device that integrates a 3-axis gyroscope and a 3-axis accelerometer, capable of measuring an object's attitude, acceleration, and angular velocity in real time.

[0067] Working principle: MPU6050 can capture tiny motion changes through internal MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) sensors and convert them into digital signal output. Through the fusion algorithm, the attitude information of the object (such as pitch angle, roll angle, etc.) can be calculated.

[0068] Application: In the elderly health and safety monitoring system, the MPU6050 sensor is used to monitor the elderly's posture and movement status. For example, when an elderly person falls, the system can immediately detect the sharp change in posture and trigger an alarm mechanism. In addition, by long-term monitoring of the elderly's daily activity patterns, it can also provide data support for health management and exercise recommendations.

[0069] Main control module (STM32F103ZET6 microcontroller)

[0070] Function: STM32F103ZET6 is a high-performance, low-power 32-bit microcontroller with rich peripheral interfaces and powerful processing capabilities, which is very suitable for complex embedded system applications.

[0071] Working principle: The STM32F103ZET6 microcontroller connects various sensor modules through the internal bus system, receives the data output by them, and processes, stores and transmits them. At the same time, it is also responsible for controlling the operating logic of the entire system, including the working mode of the sensor, data acquisition frequency, data transmission protocol, etc.

[0072] Application: In the elderly health and safety monitoring system, the STM32F103ZET6 microcontroller serves as the "brain" of the system, coordinating the work of various sensor modules to achieve real-time data collection, processing and transmission. Through communication with cloud servers or terminal devices, it can upload the elderly's health data to the remote platform in real time for users to view and analyze.

[0073] The main control module is connected to a 32.768K crystal oscillator circuit to provide the clock required for the operation of the main control module. The main control module is connected to a speaker driven by an S8050 transistor to monitor and send out alarms for harmful gases, falls, and abnormal heart rate, blood oxygen, and body temperature data in the elderly's environment. The main control module is connected to a program download circuit to burn the code into the main control module. The following is a detailed expansion of these sensor modules:

[0074] In the elderly health and safety monitoring system, the main control module is not only the core of data processing, but also the bridge connecting various sensors and actuators. In order to ensure that the main control module can operate stably and accurately and issue alarms at critical moments, several key components are integrated into the system design, including crystal oscillator circuit, speaker drive circuit and program download circuit.

[0075] Crystal oscillator circuit (32.768K Hz)

[0076] Function: The crystal oscillator circuit is the basis for the operation of the main control module, providing a stable clock signal to ensure that the clock system inside the main control module can accurately time. In the elderly health and safety monitoring system, the main control module relies on this clock signal to synchronize the data collection, data processing and data transmission of each sensor.

[0077] Reason for selection: The 32.768K Hz crystal frequency is one of the commonly used clock frequencies for many low-power microcontrollers. It not only meets the system's demand for clock accuracy, but also reduces power consumption while ensuring performance, which is especially important for monitoring systems that need to run for a long time.

[0078] Application: When designing a system, the crystal oscillator circuit is usually designed to be directly connected to the clock pin of the main control module to ensure stable transmission of the clock signal. Through the precise clock signal, the main control module can accurately control the sampling frequency, data processing speed and data transmission cycle of each sensor, thereby realizing real-time monitoring and analysis of the health data of the elderly.

[0079] Speaker drive circuit (S8050 transistor)

[0080] Function: The speaker drive circuit is responsible for converting the alarm signal from the main control module into sound output, so that the elderly or their family members can be notified immediately when emergency situations such as harmful gases, falls, abnormal heart rate, blood oxygen, and body temperature data are detected in the elderly's environment.

[0081] Working principle: When the main control module detects an abnormal situation, it will send a control signal to the speaker drive circuit. After the signal is amplified by the S8050 transistor, it drives the speaker to sound an alarm. As a commonly used NPN silicon transistor, the S8050 transistor has the advantages of stable operation, low noise, and low power consumption, and is very suitable for this alarm circuit.

[0082] Application: In the elderly health and safety monitoring system, the speaker drive circuit is usually designed to be connected to the alarm output pin of the main control module. Once the system detects an abnormal situation, the main control module will immediately trigger the alarm circuit and send a clear and loud alarm sound through the speaker to attract the attention of the elderly or their family members.

[0083] Program download circuit

[0084] Function: The program download circuit is the interface for the main control module to communicate with external devices (such as computers, programmers, etc.). It allows users to burn the written code or updated program into the main control module. This is crucial for system debugging, upgrading and maintenance. This application does not make specific restrictions on specific programs, nor is it a necessary technical feature of this application.

[0085] Working principle: The program download circuit usually uses serial communication (such as UART, ISP, etc.) or parallel programming interface (such as JTAG, SWD, etc.). During the programming process, the external device establishes a connection with the main control module through the program download circuit and transfers the code data bit by bit to the storage unit of the main control module. After receiving the complete code data, the main control module will automatically perform verification and programming operations and write the code into the specified storage area.

[0086] Application: In the development process of the elderly health and safety monitoring system, the program download circuit is one of the indispensable components. It allows developers to upload the code to the main control module for testing and optimization during the debugging stage. At the same time, when the system is upgraded or maintained, the updated program can also be burned into the main control module through the program download circuit to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system. The crystal oscillator circuit, speaker drive circuit and program download circuit play a vital role in the elderly health and safety monitoring system. They not only ensure the stable operation and accurate timing of the main control module, but also can issue an alarm to notify the user at critical moments, and allow the user to debug and upgrade the system. The careful design and optimization of these components provide a strong guarantee for the reliability and practicality of the system.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, the data transmission end is also communicatively connected to a mobile control terminal, and the mobile control terminal is any one of a mobile phone and a computer.

[0088] The VDD and GND terminals of the DS18B20 temperature sensor are connected to 3.3V and ground respectively, the DQ terminal of the DS18B20 temperature sensor exchanges data with the main control module, and a 10K pull-up resistor is connected between the DQ terminal and the VDD terminal; when the DS18B20 temperature sensor detects the body temperature of the elderly, the main control module transmits the specific value to the data transmission terminal, so that the temperature value in the mobile control terminal can change in real time; when the body temperature of the elderly reaches above 37.2° for ten minutes or the body temperature is below 36° for ten minutes, the main control module controls the speaker to sound an alarm, writes AT commands to the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module to obtain the longitude and latitude position information in the RMC, and controls the data transmission terminal to send a prompt that the elderly's body temperature is too high or too low and the location information of the elderly to the mobile control terminal.

[0089] The MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module integrates infrared LED, red light LED and photodetector. The infrared LED and red light LED are used to illuminate the skin, and then the photodetector collects the reflected light signal to calculate the blood oxygen saturation and heart rate. The main control module uses the I2C protocol to communicate with the MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module; the MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module sends the sampled data to the main control module for heart rate and blood oxygen calculation, and sends the calculated values ​​to the terminal mobile phone through the data transmitter to achieve real-time update. When the calculated values ​​of heart rate and blood oxygen exceed the set threshold, the main control module controls the speaker to sound an alarm, and controls the data transmitter to send abnormal heart rate and blood oxygen prompts and the location information of the elderly to the mobile control terminal.

[0090] The analog output of the AO port of the MQ-135 air quality sensor module is connected to the main control module. The main control module judges the voltage value of the sampled AO. 0.1V-0.3V is low pollution and is considered relatively pollution-free. Above 4V is high concentration and is considered serious pollution. 0.3V-4V can be considered mild pollution. The main control module controls the data transmitter to send the judgment result to the mobile control terminal for real-time update. If the voltage value sampled by the main control module is greater than 4V, the main control module controls the speaker to sound an alarm and controls the data transmitter to send a reminder of serious pollution and the location information of the elderly to the mobile control terminal.

[0091] The MQ-135 air quality sensor detects or measures harmful gases such as ammonia, benzene, sulfur, carbon dioxide, smoke, etc. The working principle is based on the resistance change of semiconductor gas sensors. When the gas enters the sensor, it will chemically react with the sensitive material on the surface of the gas sensor, causing the resistance value to change. By measuring the change in resistance value, the concentration of polluted gas can be inferred.

[0092] The main control module uses the I2C protocol to communicate with the 6-axis attitude sensor module of MPU6050; when the 6-axis attitude sensor chip of MPU6050 tilts too fast toward the X-axis or Z-axis, it can be judged that the elderly is about to fall or has fallen. After judging the above situation, the main control module waits for 20 seconds to judge again whether the elderly is tilted too much toward the X-axis or Z-axis. If both judgments are satisfied, the main control module controls the speaker to sound an alarm and controls the data transmission end to send the elderly's fall prompt and location information to the mobile control terminal. The 6-axis attitude sensor of MPU6050 measures the acceleration and angle parameters of the chip's own X, Y, and Z axes, and obtains the attitude angle through data fusion; the RXD pin and TXD pin of the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module are connected to the serial port pin TXD and pin RXD of the main control module respectively; when the data monitoring and processing end sends the data to the main control module for processing, the main control module controls the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module to upload the data to the cloud server, and the mobile control terminal obtains data from the cloud server to realize remote monitoring of the elderly's real-time situation. BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module is a high-performance, low-power, multi-band LTE CatNB1 / CatNB2 wireless communication module, which is connected to the main control module via serial port communication.

[0093] Technical solution / principle of this application:

[0094] 1. Upgrade of wireless communication technology: Adopt more advanced wireless communication technologies, such as 5G, LoRa, NB-IoT, etc. (NB-IoT is preferred in this application) to improve communication distance and stability. These technologies not only have stronger penetration and anti-interference capabilities, but also can achieve low-power and long-distance data transmission, which is very suitable for elderly safety monitoring.

[0095] 2. Integration of IoT and AI: IoT technology is used to connect various devices in the elderly’s life scenes to form an intelligent monitoring system. At the same time, AI technology is used to conduct in-depth analysis and mining of these data to achieve accurate prediction and early warning of the elderly’s health status.

[0096] 3. Combination of wearable devices and smart home: Equip the elderly with wearable devices, such as smart watches, health monitoring belts, etc. (productize specific sensors) to monitor their vital signs in real time. At the same time, combine these devices with smart home systems to improve the convenience and safety of the elderly's lives through voice control, remote control, etc.

[0097] 4. In addition to sending wireless communications to relatives and children, wireless communications can also be connected to hospitals and communities to establish close cooperation with medical institutions, community service centers and other institutions, forming a complete emergency rescue system. When an emergency occurs to the elderly, the rescue mechanism can be quickly activated to ensure that the elderly receive timely and effective assistance.

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and there are many variations. All variations that can be directly derived or associated with the content disclosed by ordinary technicians in this field should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An elderly health and safety monitoring system based on NB-IoT, characterized by: It includes a data transmission end and a data monitoring and processing end connected with the data transmission end; The data transmission end includes a BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module, a cloud server and a terminal. The monitored data is uploaded to the cloud server through the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module, and then the cloud server sends the data to the terminal; The data monitoring and processing end includes a sensor module and a main control module, and is used to send the monitored data to the main control module for processing.

2. The NB-IoT-based elderly health and safety monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor module includes a MQ-135 harmful gas sensor module, a MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module, a DS18B20 temperature sensor module, and an MPU60506 axis posture sensor module that are communicatively connected. The Q-135 harmful gas sensor module, the MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module, the DS18B20 temperature sensor module, and the MPU60506 axis posture sensor module are all connected to the main control module to respectively obtain whether there are harmful gases in the environment where the elderly are located, the elderly's heart rate, blood oxygen, body temperature and posture; the main control module includes an STM32F103ZET6 microcontroller.

3. The NB-IoT-based elderly health and safety monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control module is connected to a 32.768K crystal oscillator circuit to provide the clock required for the operation of the main control module.

4. The NB-IoT-based elderly health and safety monitoring system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The main control module is connected to a speaker driven by an S8050 transistor to send out alarms when monitoring the presence of harmful gases, falls, and abnormal heart rate, blood oxygen, and body temperature data in the elderly's environment.

5. The NB-IoT-based elderly health and safety monitoring system according to claim 4 is characterized by: The main control module is connected to a program download circuit for burning the code into the main control module.

6. The NB-IoT-based elderly health and safety monitoring system according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that: BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module is a high-performance, low-power, multi-band LTE Cat NB1 / CatNB2 wireless communication module, which is connected to the main control module via serial port communication.

7. The NB-IoT-based elderly health and safety monitoring system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The data transmission end is also communicatively connected with a mobile control terminal.

8. The NB-IoT-based elderly health and safety monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mobile control terminal is any one of a mobile phone and a computer.

9. The NB-IoT-based elderly health and safety monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The VDD terminal and the GND terminal of the DS18B20 temperature sensor are connected to 3.3V and ground respectively, the DQ terminal of the DS18B20 temperature sensor exchanges data with the main control module, and a 10K pull-up resistor is connected between the DQ terminal and the VDD terminal; When the DS18B20 temperature sensor detects the body temperature of the elderly, the main control module transmits the specific value to the data transmission end, so that the temperature value in the mobile control terminal can change in real time; when the body temperature of the elderly reaches 37.2° for ten minutes or below 36° for ten minutes, the main control module controls the speaker to sound an alarm, writes AT commands to the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module to obtain the longitude and latitude location information in the RMC, and controls the data transmission end to send a reminder of the elderly's high or low body temperature and the elderly's location information to the mobile control terminal; The MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module integrates infrared LED, red light LED and photodetector. The infrared LED and red light LED are used to illuminate the skin, and then the photodetector collects the reflected light signal to calculate the blood oxygen saturation and heart rate. The main control module uses the I2C protocol to communicate with the MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module. The MAX30102 heart rate and blood oxygen sensor module sends the sampled data to the main control module for heart rate and blood oxygen calculation, and sends the calculated values ​​to the terminal mobile phone through the data transmission end to achieve real-time update. When the calculated values ​​of heart rate and blood oxygen exceed the set threshold, the main control module controls the speaker to sound an alarm, and controls the data transmission end to send abnormal heart rate and blood oxygen prompts and the location information of the elderly to the mobile control terminal. The analog output of the AO port of the MQ-135 air quality sensor module is connected to the main control module. The main control module judges the voltage value of the sampled AO. 0.1V-0.3V is low pollution and is considered relatively pollution-free. Above 4V is high concentration and is considered serious pollution. 0.3V-4V can be considered light pollution. The main control module controls the data sending end to send the judgment result to the mobile control terminal for real-time update. If the voltage value sampled by the main control module is greater than 4V, the main control module controls the speaker to sound an alarm and controls the data transmission end to send a reminder of serious pollution and the location information of the elderly to the mobile control terminal. MQ-135 air quality sensor detects or measures harmful gases such as ammonia, benzene, sulfur, carbon dioxide, smoke, etc.; The working principle is based on the resistance change of semiconductor gas sensors. When gas enters the sensor, it will chemically react with the sensitive material on the surface of the gas sensor, causing the resistance value to change. By measuring the change in resistance value, the concentration of the polluted gas can be inferred.

10. The NB-IoT-based elderly health and safety monitoring system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The main control module uses the I2C protocol to communicate with the 6-axis attitude sensor module of MPU6050; when the 6-axis attitude sensor chip of MPU6050 tilts too fast toward the X-axis or Z-axis, it can be determined that the elderly person is about to fall or has fallen. After determining the above situation, the main control module waits for 20 seconds and then determines again whether the elderly person tilts too much toward the X-axis or Z-axis. If both judgments are satisfied, the main control module controls the speaker to sound an alarm and controls the data transmission end to send a reminder that the elderly person has fallen and the elderly person's location information to the mobile control terminal. The 6-axis attitude sensor of MPU6050 measures the acceleration and angle parameters of the chip's own X, Y, and Z axes, and obtains the attitude angle through data fusion; The RXD pin and TXD pin of the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module are connected to the serial port pin TXD and pin RXD of the main control module respectively; when the data monitoring and processing end sends the data to the main control module for processing, the main control module controls the BC-26NB-IoT wireless communication module to upload the data to the cloud server, and the mobile control terminal obtains data from the cloud server to realize remote monitoring of the real-time situation of the elderly.

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