Vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system and control method

Abstract

The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system comprises an LNG storage tank, a vaporizer, a gas supply pipeline, a secondary refrigerant loop, a refrigerant loop, a control unit and a plurality of sensors, and the vaporizer comprises an LNG flow channel and a secondary refrigerant flow channel; a liquid outlet of the LNG storage tank is connected with an inlet of an LNG flow channel of the vaporizer through a gas supply pipeline, and an outlet of the LNG flow channel of the vaporizer is connected with an engine gas supply system; the secondary refrigerant loop is sequentially connected with a vaporizer secondary refrigerant flow channel outlet, the air conditioner cold core, the water pump and the evaporator in the secondary refrigerant flowing direction and then returns to a vaporizer secondary refrigerant flow channel inlet. The refrigerant loop is sequentially connected with the evaporator, the compressor, the condenser and the throttling component in the refrigerant flowing direction and then returns to the evaporator. The invention further provides a vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioner control method based on the system. According to the vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioner, LNG cold energy can be efficiently utilized, meanwhile, the problem that cold energy of a single cold source is insufficient is solved, the requirement for continuous refrigeration when a vehicle is in a parking state can be met, and the application scene of the vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioner is widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle air conditioning, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system and a control method. Background Art

[0002] The global shortage of oil resources and the intensification of environmental pollution have prompted the widespread use of clean and efficient energy such as natural gas. With the increasing application of liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a clean energy in the transportation field, the cold energy resources of LNG heavy trucks have received more extensive attention. However, a large amount of cold energy released during the gasification process of LNG is usually taken away by cooling water in the vaporizer, resulting in insufficient utilization of energy resources. Recovering this part of cold energy can effectively improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce the energy consumption of the vehicle air-conditioning system, achieving the dual goals of energy saving and environmental protection. This technology can improve the performance and economy of heavy-duty commercial vehicles.

[0003] Although LNG cold energy recovery air conditioning systems already exist, they usually rely on cold energy from a single cold source and cannot meet the needs of rapid cooling of vehicles in high temperature environments, nor can they cope with the problem of maintaining a comfortable cabin temperature under long-term low fuel consumption. This has led to a near-blank use of them in the vehicle market. In addition, existing parking air conditioning systems are usually independent of the original vehicle air conditioning system and require an additional refrigeration system, which limits their collaborative work with the original vehicle air conditioning system and cannot make up for the shortcomings of each other.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system that can efficiently utilize LNG cold energy and solve the problem of insufficient cold energy from a single cold source, as well as the need for continuous cooling when the vehicle is parked. This technology will provide vehicles with higher performance, higher economy and more environmentally friendly solutions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system and a control method.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system, comprising an LNG storage tank, a vaporizer, an air supply pipeline, a coolant circuit, a refrigerant circuit, a control unit and a plurality of sensors;

[0008] The vaporizer comprises an LNG flow channel and a coolant flow channel, the LNG flow channel is connected in series to the gas supply pipeline, and the coolant flow channel is connected in series to the coolant circuit;

[0009] The liquid outlet of the LNG storage tank is connected to the LNG flow channel inlet of the vaporizer through a gas supply pipeline, and the LNG flow channel outlet of the vaporizer is connected to the gas supply system of the engine;

[0010] The brine loop is connected to the brine flow channel outlet of the evaporator in sequence along the brine flow direction, passes through the air conditioning cold core, the water pump and the evaporator, and finally returns to the brine flow channel inlet of the evaporator; a first temperature sensor is provided at the air conditioning cold core inlet, and the first temperature sensor is used to collect the brine temperature at the air conditioning cold core inlet;

[0011] The refrigerant circuit is connected to the evaporator in sequence along the refrigerant flow direction, passes through the compressor, the condenser and the throttling component, and finally returns to the evaporator; a condensing fan is provided on the condenser, and the condensing fan is used for heat dissipation of the condenser; a second temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor are provided at the compressor inlet, and the second temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor are used to collect the compressor suction temperature and pressure;

[0012] The control unit collects parameters of a plurality of sensors, and is used to control a water pump, a compressor, a throttling component and a condensing fan.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, it also includes a coolant pipeline, the vaporizer adds a coolant flow channel, one end of the coolant pipeline is connected to the engine cooling water system, and the other end of the coolant pipeline is connected to the coolant flow channel of the vaporizer, and a solenoid valve is provided on the cooling water flow pipeline in the coolant flow channel, and the solenoid valve is used to control the coolant flow entering the vaporizer.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, an expansion water tank is further provided at the water pump inlet of the coolant circuit, and the expansion water tank is used to buffer the thermal expansion and contraction of the coolant in the coolant circuit.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the air supply pipeline also includes a reheater, the cooling water flow channel of the reheater is connected to the coolant pipeline in parallel with the vaporizer, and the LNG flow channel of the reheater is connected in series between the vaporizer and the engine air supply system through the air supply pipeline. The reheater is used to reheat the NG at the vaporizer outlet to meet the engine's requirements for the air supply temperature.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the compressor is a pulley-driven compressor or an electric compressor, and the compressor is a variable displacement compressor.

[0017] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the throttling component is a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve.

[0018] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the flow area of ​​the throttling component is adjusted according to the collected values ​​of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor.

[0019] A vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning control method is implemented based on a vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, including a parking mode and a driving mode, and includes the following specific steps:

[0020] S1: The vehicle is normally powered on, the vehicle air conditioning system is initialized, and the solenoid valve is in the open state;

[0021] S2: The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioner is started, the water pump starts to run at a set large flow value, and the value T25 of the first temperature sensor, the value T35 of the second temperature sensor and the value P36 of the first pressure sensor are collected;

[0022] S3: The control unit first collects the start-up status of the vehicle engine. If the engine is not started, the vehicle enters the parking mode, the solenoid valve remains open, and the value T25 of the first temperature sensor is determined. If T25 ≥ the second temperature threshold, the compressor is started, and the refrigerant circuit starts to operate.

[0023] S4: After the refrigerant circuit runs for a period of time, the value T25 of the first temperature sensor continues to decrease. If T25 is less than the second temperature threshold, the compressor is turned off, wherein the second temperature threshold is -2°C;

[0024] S5: When the control unit detects that the engine is started, the driving mode is entered, and the value T25 of the first temperature sensor is determined. If T25> the first temperature threshold, the solenoid valve is closed, and the compressor is started, and the refrigerant circuit starts to operate;

[0025] S6: The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioner runs for a period of time, and the value T25 of the first temperature sensor continues to decrease. If the second temperature threshold ≤ T25 ≤ the first temperature threshold, the solenoid valve is closed and the compressor is turned off, wherein the first temperature threshold is 5°C;

[0026] S7: The value T25 of the first temperature sensor continues to decrease. If T25 is less than the second temperature threshold, the solenoid valve is opened.

[0027] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the rotation speed or exhaust volume of the compressor is matched and output according to the value T25 of the first temperature sensor, the value T35 of the second temperature sensor and the value P36 of the first pressure sensor.

[0028] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the throttling component is an electronic expansion valve, and its opening degree is matched and output according to the value T35 of the second temperature sensor and the value P36 of the first pressure sensor.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. The present invention adopts a dual cold source system combining LNG cold energy and steam compression cycle, which can meet the demand for rapid cooling of vehicles in high temperature environments, and at the same time solves the problem of maintaining a comfortable cab temperature for vehicles under long-term low fuel consumption.

[0031] 2. The present invention effectively solves the problem that when the vehicle air-conditioning system is not in operation or the cooling load is small, the refrigerant temperature in the system is easily too low and causes freezing.

[0032] 3. The vehicle-mounted cold energy air-conditioning system and control method proposed in the present invention have a parking mode and a driving mode. The two modes can work together intelligently to automatically maintain the continuous operation of the air-conditioning in the vehicle, thereby improving the overall user experience. This intelligent mode switching function effectively ensures the stability and comfort of the vehicle environment, providing users with a more convenient and efficient use experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the central gas supply pipeline structure;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle load refrigerant circuit structure;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit structure;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the coolant pipeline structure;

[0038] Figure 6 A flow chart of a vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning control method proposed by the present invention;

[0039] In the figure: 10. gas supply pipeline, 11. LNG storage tank, 12. vaporizer, 13. reheater, 14. engine, 20. refrigerant circuit, 21. air conditioning cold core, 22. water pump, 23. evaporator, 24. expansion tank, 25. first temperature sensor, 30. refrigerant circuit, 31. throttling component, 32. condenser, 33. compressor, 34. condensing fan, 35. second temperature sensor, 36. first pressure sensor, 40. coolant pipeline, 41. solenoid valve, 51. control unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Please see attached Figure 1 , a vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system, comprising an LNG storage tank 11, a vaporizer 12, an air supply pipeline 10, a coolant circuit 20, a refrigerant circuit 30, a control unit 51 and a plurality of sensors;

[0043] The vaporizer 12 includes an LNG flow channel and a coolant flow channel, the LNG flow channel is connected in series to the gas supply pipeline 10, and the coolant flow channel is connected in series to the coolant circuit 20;

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the liquid outlet of the LNG storage tank 11 is connected to the LNG flow channel inlet of the vaporizer 12 through the gas supply pipeline 10, the LNG flow channel outlet of the vaporizer 12 is connected to the NG inlet of the further provided rewarmer 13, and the NG outlet of the rewarmer 13 is connected to the gas supply system of the engine 14 through the gas supply pipeline;

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the refrigerant circuit 20 is connected to the refrigerant flow channel outlet of the vaporizer 12 in sequence along the refrigerant flow direction, passes through the air conditioning cold core 21, the water pump 22 and the evaporator 23, and finally returns to the refrigerant flow channel inlet of the vaporizer 12. An expansion water tank 24 is provided at the inlet of the water pump 22, and a first temperature sensor 25 is provided at the inlet of the air conditioning cold core 21. The first temperature sensor 25 is used to collect the refrigerant temperature at the inlet of the air conditioning cold core 21. The air conditioning cold core 21 is usually installed in the air conditioning box;

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, the refrigerant circuit 30 is connected to the evaporator 23 in sequence along the refrigerant flow direction, passes through the compressor 33, the condenser 32 and the throttling component 31, and finally returns to the evaporator 23; a condensing fan 34 is provided on the condenser 32, and the condensing fan 34 is used for heat dissipation of the condenser 32; a second temperature sensor 35 and a first pressure sensor 36 are provided at the inlet of the compressor 33, and the second temperature sensor 35 and the first pressure sensor 36 are used to collect the suction temperature and pressure of the compressor 33;

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, the vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system is further provided with a coolant pipeline 40, and the vaporizer 12 adds a coolant flow channel. One end of the coolant pipeline 40 is connected to the cooling water system of the engine 14, and the other end of the coolant pipeline 40 is connected to the coolant flow channel of the vaporizer 12. A solenoid valve 41 is provided on the cooling water inlet pipeline in the coolant flow channel, and the solenoid valve 41 is used to control the coolant flow entering the vaporizer 12;

[0048] The control unit 51 collects parameters of the multiple sensors, and the control unit 51 is used to control the water pump 22, the compressor 33, the throttling component 31, the condensing fan 34 and the solenoid valve 41;

[0049] The compressor 33 is a pulley-driven variable displacement compressor or an electric variable displacement compressor; the throttling component 31 is a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve;

[0050] A second temperature sensor 35 and a first pressure sensor 36 are provided at the air intake port of the compressor 33, and the control unit 51 obtains temperature and pressure information to control the operation of the compressor 33 and the throttling component 31 in the refrigerant circuit 30;

[0051] The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning power supply is connected to the vehicle's normal electricity.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Please refer to the attached Figure 6 , based on the vehicle cold energy air conditioning system proposed in Example 1 of the present invention, the vehicle cold energy air conditioning control method proposed in Example 2 of the present invention includes a parking mode and a driving mode, including the following specific steps;

[0054] S1: The vehicle is normally powered on, the vehicle air conditioning system is initialized, and the solenoid valve 41 is in the open state;

[0055] S2: The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioner is started, the water pump 22 starts to operate at a set large flow value, and collects the value T25 of the first temperature sensor, the value T35 of the second temperature sensor 35, and the value P36 of the first pressure sensor 36;

[0056] S3: The control unit 51 first collects the start status of the vehicle engine 14. If the engine 14 is not started, the vehicle enters the parking mode, the solenoid valve 41 remains open, and the value T25 of the first temperature sensor 25 is determined. If T25 ≥ the second temperature threshold, the compressor 33 is started, and the refrigerant circuit 30 starts to operate.

[0057] S4: the refrigerant circuit 30 runs for a period of time, and the value T25 of the first temperature sensor 25 continues to decrease. If T25 is less than the second temperature threshold, the compressor 33 is turned off, wherein the second temperature threshold is -2°C;

[0058] S5: The control unit 51 detects that the engine 14 is started, enters the driving mode, determines the value T25 of the first temperature sensor 25, and if T25> the first temperature threshold, closes the solenoid valve 41, starts the compressor 33, and the refrigerant circuit 30 starts to operate;

[0059] S6: The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioner runs for a period of time, and the value T25 of the first temperature sensor 25 continues to decrease. If the second temperature threshold ≤ T25 ≤ the first temperature threshold, the solenoid valve 41 is closed, and the compressor 33 is turned off, wherein the first temperature threshold is 5° C.;

[0060] S7: The value T25 of the first temperature sensor 25 continues to decrease. If T25<the second temperature threshold, the solenoid valve 41 is opened.

[0061] In order to improve the stability of the vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system, when the compressor 33 is started, the opening degree of the throttling component 31 and the exhaust volume of the compressor 33 can be adaptively adjusted according to the changes of the second temperature sensor 35 and the first pressure sensor 36.

[0062] From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: the present invention can meet the demand for rapid cooling of vehicles in high temperature environments, while solving the problem of maintaining the temperature of the cab under long-term low fuel consumption, thereby improving driving comfort; and can effectively solve the problem that when the vehicle air-conditioning system is not running or the cooling load is small, the refrigerant temperature in the system is easily too low and causes freezing, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the system; the system adopts intelligent parking and driving modes, so that it can work intelligently and collaboratively, ensuring the continuous operation of the vehicle air-conditioning system, and improving user experience and comfort.

[0063] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0064] The present invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system, comprising an LNG storage tank (11), a vaporizer (12), an air supply pipeline (10), a coolant circuit (20), a refrigerant circuit (30), a control unit (51) and a plurality of sensors, characterized in that: The vaporizer (12) comprises an LNG flow channel and a coolant flow channel, the LNG flow channel is connected in series to the gas supply pipeline (10), and the coolant flow channel is connected in series to the coolant circuit (20); The liquid outlet of the LNG storage tank (11) is connected to the LNG flow channel inlet of the vaporizer (12) through the gas supply pipeline (10), and the LNG flow channel outlet of the vaporizer (12) is connected to the gas supply system of the engine (14); The refrigerant circuit (20) is connected to the refrigerant flow channel outlet of the vaporizer (12) in sequence along the refrigerant flow direction, passes through the air conditioning cold core (21), the water pump (22) and the evaporator (23), and finally returns to the refrigerant flow channel inlet of the vaporizer (12); a first temperature sensor (25) is provided at the inlet of the air conditioning cold core (21), and the first temperature sensor (25) is used to collect the refrigerant temperature at the inlet of the air conditioning cold core (21); The refrigerant circuit (30) is connected to the evaporator (23) in sequence along the refrigerant flow direction, passes through the compressor (33), the condenser (32) and the throttling component (31), and finally returns to the evaporator (23); a condensing fan (34) is provided on the condenser (32), and the condensing fan (34) is used for heat dissipation of the condenser (32); a second temperature sensor (35) and a first pressure sensor (36) are provided at the inlet of the compressor (33), and the second temperature sensor (35) and the first pressure sensor (36) are used to collect the suction temperature and pressure of the compressor (33); The control unit (51) collects parameters of a plurality of sensors, and the control unit (51) is used to control a water pump (22), a compressor (33), a throttling component (31) and a condensing fan (34).

2. The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a coolant pipeline (40), the vaporizer (12) has a coolant flow channel, one end of the coolant pipeline (40) is connected to the engine (14) cooling water system, the other end of the coolant pipeline (40) is connected to the coolant flow channel of the vaporizer (12), and a solenoid valve (41) is provided on the cooling water flow pipeline in the coolant flow channel, and the solenoid valve (41) is used to control the flow rate of the coolant entering the vaporizer (12).

3. The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An expansion water tank (24) is also provided at the inlet of the water pump (22) in the coolant circuit (20), and the expansion water tank (24) is used to buffer the thermal expansion and contraction of the coolant in the coolant circuit (20).

4. The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas supply pipeline (10) further comprises a reheater (13), the cooling water flow channel of the reheater (13) being connected in parallel with the vaporizer (12) to the coolant pipeline (40), the LNG flow channel of the reheater (13) being connected in series between the vaporizer (12) and the gas supply system of the engine (14) through the gas supply pipeline (10), and the reheater (13) being used for reheating NG at the outlet of the vaporizer (12) to meet the gas supply temperature requirement of the engine (14).

5. The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor (33) is a pulley-driven compressor or an electric compressor, and the compressor (33) is a variable displacement compressor.

6. The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The throttling component (31) is a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve.

7. The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow area of ​​the throttling component (31) is adjusted according to the collected values ​​of the first temperature sensor (25), the second temperature sensor (35) and the first pressure sensor (36).

8. A vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning control method is implemented based on a vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, including a parking mode and a driving mode, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: The vehicle is normally powered on, the vehicle cold energy air conditioning system is initialized, and the solenoid valve (41) is in an open state; S2: The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioner is started, the water pump (22) starts to operate at a set large flow value, and collects the value T25 of the first temperature sensor (25), the value T35 of the second temperature sensor (35), and the value P36 of the first pressure sensor (36); S3: The control unit (51) first collects the start-up status of the vehicle engine (14). If the engine (14) is not started, the vehicle enters the parking mode, the solenoid valve (41) remains open, and the value T25 of the first temperature sensor (25) is determined. If T25 is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, the compressor (33) is started, and the refrigerant circuit (30) starts to operate. S4: After the refrigerant circuit (30) runs for a period of time, the value T25 of the first temperature sensor (25) continues to decrease. If T25 is less than a second temperature threshold, the compressor (33) is turned off, wherein the second temperature threshold is -2°C; S5: the control unit (51) detects that the engine (14) is started, enters the driving mode, determines the value T25 of the first temperature sensor (25), and if T25> the first temperature threshold, closes the solenoid valve (41), starts the compressor (33), and the refrigerant circuit (30) starts to operate; S6: the vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioner runs for a period of time, and the value T25 of the first temperature sensor (25) continues to decrease. If the second temperature threshold ≤ T25 ≤ the first temperature threshold, the solenoid valve (41) is closed, and the compressor (33) is turned off, wherein the first temperature threshold is 5° C.; S7: The value T25 of the first temperature sensor (25) continues to decrease. If T25 is less than the second temperature threshold, the solenoid valve (41) is opened.

9. A vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotation speed or exhaust volume of the compressor (33) is matched and output according to the value T25 of the first temperature sensor (25), the value T35 of the second temperature sensor (35) and the value P36 of the first pressure sensor (36).

10. The vehicle-mounted cold energy air conditioning control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The throttling component (33) is an electronic expansion valve, and its opening degree is matched and output according to the value T35 of the second temperature sensor (35) and the value P36 of the first pressure sensor (36).

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