Design seal standardization writing method based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management

Abstract

The invention discloses a design special seal standardized writing method based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management, and relates to the technical field of oilfield development. According to the design special seal standardized writing method based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management, by arranging a fixed barrel body, a bridge type working barrel body, an injection water bridge type channel, a produced liquid flowing channel, a telescopic sleeve and a sealed barrel body, the independent produced liquid flowing channel and the injection water bridge type channel are designed; the purpose that injected water and produced liquid are injected and produced through respective independent flow channels is achieved, the problem that oil production injected water and produced liquid flow channels at the two end sections of water injection in the middle section of the horizontal well interfere with each other can be effectively solved, and the applicability of the horizontal well same-well synchronous injection and production process pipe column is further widened. The bridge type working barrel body has the advantages of being simple in design, easy and convenient to operate, good in sealing performance and the like, the working environment of a low-permeability oil field horizontal well development site is better met, and meanwhile production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas pipelines, and in particular to a method for standardizing a design chapter based on integrity management of oil and gas pipelines. Background Art

[0002] The concept of integrity management of oil and gas pipelines has been introduced for many years. At the beginning, more focus was placed on in-service pipelines, and the integrity management of newly built oil and gas pipelines lagged behind. In order to continuously and comprehensively promote the integrity management of oil and gas pipelines, expand the breadth of integrity management, gradually achieve full coverage of integrity management of oil and gas pipelines, and carry out in-depth integrity management in the construction stage of oil and gas pipelines, the writing of integrity management chapters should be gradually carried out in the design documents. From the design stage, the life prediction, resource allocation and classification of oil and gas pipeline integrity management should be started. Through classification, data collection, baseline detection, risk identification and high consequence area identification should be carried out according to different categories, so as to facilitate the efficient and accurate operation of integrity management in the operation management stage. At present, there are no unified standards, requirements and specific methods for the writing of integrity management chapters of oil and gas pipelines. In order to standardize the scope, depth and technical requirements of integrity management chapters in design documents, a unified method is needed. This invention discloses a standardized writing method for the writing of design chapters of integrity management of oil and gas pipelines in the construction stage. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a standardized writing method for a design chapter based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management, which solves the problem that there is no unified standard, requirement and specific method for writing a management chapter.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A standardized writing method for a design chapter based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management includes the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Write the basic information of the pipeline, including the name of the pipeline, starting and ending points, conveying medium, design temperature, operating temperature, maximum frozen soil depth, administrative divisions of the area through which the pipeline passes, population statistics, traffic statistics, statistics of warehouses and factories within 200m of the pipeline centerline, statistics of rivers and water sources, statistics of ground structures, statistics of buried facilities, statistics of third-party oil and gas pipelines, statistics of high-voltage AC and DC transmission lines, etc.

[0006] Step 2: classify the pipelines according to the maximum operating pressure and diameter of the pipelines in step 1 and determine the pipeline grade;

[0007] Step 3: Based on the pipeline categories determined in step 2, establish data collection and integration procedures to specify the integrity management data collection during the construction period;

[0008] Step 4: Based on the pipeline category determined in step 2, establish the baseline inspection operation procedures for oil and gas pipelines during the construction period and compile the baseline inspection requirements;

[0009] Step 5: Identify pipeline risks based on the pipeline categories determined in step 2;

[0010] Step 6: Based on the pipeline category determined in step 2, establish the criteria for identifying high consequence areas and identify the high consequence areas of the pipeline;

[0011] Step 7: predict the design life according to the basic parameters designed in step 1;

[0012] Step 8: Determine the equipment resources required for the integrity management phase based on steps 4 and 5;

[0013] Step nine, calculate the cost based on the equipment resources required in step eight.

[0014] Preferably, the step 1 is specifically as follows: AB oil pipeline, starting from point C and ending at point D, with a total length of 8km, the transport medium is purified crude oil, the design pressure is 6.3MPa, the operating temperature is 35℃-55℃, the maximum frozen soil depth is 1.6m, and the pipeline adopts double-sided submerged arc welded steel pipe L450-355.1×8. The pipeline passes through 1 province, 1 city, and 2 counties, passing through 8 administrative villages, namely Xinhua Village, Zhonghua Village, Xinmen Village, Zhangjia Village, Lijia Village, Wangjiagou, Zhaojiagou, and Shizigou. The population along the line is sparse, the transportation is inconvenient, there are 2 industrial facilities such as warehouses and factories, the pipeline crosses 1 river, 1 water source, 4 above-ground facilities, 7 buried facilities, 6 existing pipelines, 3 underground optical cables, and 1 high-voltage AC and DC wire crossing the pipeline.

[0015] Preferably, the step 2 also includes: classifying the pipeline according to factors such as medium type, pressure level and pipe diameter based on relevant documents on pipeline integrity management. The design pressure of this pipeline is 6.3MPa, the pipe diameter is DN350, and it belongs to Class I pipeline.

[0016] Preferably, the construction period integrity management data includes pipeline information, detection and evaluation, cathodic protection facilities, high consequence area identification and risk assessment, and data items with the same attribute are verified and integrated, and the data is submitted to the database in accordance with the requirements of the pipeline integrity management data form.

[0017] The data items for various pipeline construction periods are detailed in Table 4.

[0018] Table 4

[0019]

[0020]

[0021] Preferably, baseline testing is carried out on the pipeline before the project is handed over for acceptance. Defects found in the baseline testing should be repaired in a timely manner. Static data is extracted and collected from the pipeline design and construction phase materials before the baseline testing. Dynamic data of the pipeline is collected during the baseline testing and stored as the first integrity management data. Risk assessment is carried out for the first time when integrity data is collected to obtain pipeline risk information. Corrective measures and the next inspection time are formulated based on risk mitigation measures.

[0022] During the baseline inspection, corresponding inspection and evaluation shall be carried out according to the pipeline category and applicable conditions, and the specific implementation shall be carried out according to the operating documents.

[0023] This pipeline belongs to Class I pipeline, and the baseline detection and technical method requirements are as follows:

[0024] Internal inspection of Class I pipelines should be carried out before the pipeline is put into operation. External corrosion protection performance testing and evaluation should be carried out, and close interval potential (CIPS) testing should be carried out in high-risk areas. The selected technical methods are shown in Table 5.

[0025] Table 5 Requirements for the phases and technical methods of Class I pipeline baseline inspection

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] Internal inspection should be carried out on Class II pipelines with DN ≥ 200, preferably before the pipeline is put into operation. External corrosion protection performance testing and evaluation should be carried out. The technical methods selected for the test are shown in Table 6.

[0029] Table 6 Requirements for the phases and technical methods of Class II pipeline baseline testing

[0030]

[0031] Category III should carry out pipeline centerline collection and route investigation. The selected technical methods and standards are shown in Table 7.

[0032] Table 7 Baseline inspection phases and technical method requirements for Class III pipelines

[0033]

[0034] Preferably, based on the risk factor analysis and combined with the accident statistics that have occurred over the years, targeted risk avoidance measures are proposed, mainly from the aspects of pipeline body risk avoidance, route selection, pipe material selection, anti-corrosion layer optimization design; operation monitoring, manual patrol, video surveillance and other equipment configuration.

[0035] Specifically, it mainly writes the risk analysis and countermeasures of natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, thunderstorms, frost heave, foundation collapse, third-party damage, landslides, etc. in the pipeline laying area, the risk analysis and countermeasures of internal and external corrosion caused by the conveying medium and soil, the risk analysis and countermeasures of the inherent defects of the pipeline girth welds, fillet welds, spiral welds, etc., the risk analysis and countermeasures of external environmental factors of AC and DC transmission lines and electric-driven rail transportation in the area where the pipeline passes, the risk analysis and countermeasures of special areas such as pipelines crossing rivers, roads, railways, environmentally sensitive areas, etc., the risk analysis and countermeasures of other design quality risks, risks of the prefabrication process, risks of the construction process, risks of special materials and equipment, etc., and puts forward targeted technical measures to avoid risks as follows:

[0036] 1) Analysis and countermeasures of risks of natural disasters in pipeline laying areas on pipeline operation

[0037] The natural disasters in the pipeline laying area under this section of the pipeline / project mainly include floods, earthquakes, thunderstorms, frost heave, foundation collapse, third-party damage, landslides, and other natural disasters.

[0038] The pipeline route for this section is mainly laid on mountain ridges, and hydraulic protection measures such as mortar stone and straw bags are adopted. A geological disaster monitoring system is added, and a high-consequence area monitoring system is set up.

[0039] 2) Risk analysis and countermeasures of internal and external corrosion caused by pipeline transport media and soil

[0040] The types of internal and external corrosion risks caused by the medium and soil transported by this section of pipeline mainly include: the corrosiveness of the transported medium and the corrosiveness of the soil.

[0041] In view of the corrosion characteristics, the spiral seam double-sided submerged arc welded steel pipe L450 pipe was selected as the pipe material, and the external anti-corrosion layer selected three-layer PE reinforced external anti-corrosion. A cathodic protection system was set up, and cathodic protection test piles were added.

[0042] 3) Risk analysis and countermeasures of pipeline defects

[0043] The risk types of pipeline defects mainly include: girth welds, fillet welds, spiral welds, etc. In the design stage, the spiral seam double-sided submerged arc welded steel pipe L450-355.1×8 was selected for the pipe type, and the weld inspection requirements were proposed based on the ××× specification.

[0044] 4) Risk analysis and countermeasures of external environmental factors of pipelines

[0045] The risk types of external environmental factors of pipelines mainly include: AC and DC transmission lines and electric-driven rail transit in the areas where the pipeline passes.

[0046] AC and DC interference tests were conducted in accordance with relevant standards for pipeline AC and DC interference. Based on the degree of interference, compulsory drainage measures were taken for this section of the pipeline.

[0047] 5) Risk analysis and countermeasures for pipelines passing through special areas

[0048] The risk types when pipelines pass through special areas mainly include: pipelines crossing rivers, pipelines crossing roads, railways, environmentally sensitive areas, etc.

[0049] This section of pipeline adopts video surveillance, intercom system and medium leakage alarm system safety measures at the crossing points, and the wall thickness is increased by one level when crossing environmentally sensitive areas.

[0050] 6) Risk analysis and countermeasures of other factors

[0051] Compare and analyze accidents that occur under similar conditions and propose targeted risk management measures.

[0052] The risk types of other pipeline factors mainly include: design quality risks, prefabrication process risks, construction process risks, special materials and equipment risks, etc.

[0053] E Design Company is a Class A design company in the industry with quality certifications such as ISO9001 and ISO14001. The company has a detailed quality management system. Regarding design quality, it undergoes program planning, research, three-level review by the design company, review by the regional company, and review by the head office, which can reduce design quality risks and ensure design quality.

[0054] The risks in the construction process mainly include welding quality, construction safety, and pipeline damage. A detailed construction plan should be prepared before construction, and construction can only be carried out after the construction plan is reviewed and approved by the supervisor and the owner.

[0055] Preferably, the specific implementation method of step six is ​​as follows: adopt a single pipeline identification method, and in the high consequence area identification stage, mainly use regional image maps, topographic maps and combine them with on-site mapping to conduct risk factor investigations, and investigate and identify buildings along the pipeline, residential areas, public places, industrial parks, towns and villages, underground pipelines, roads, dangerous places, protection areas, water sources, rivers, large and medium-sized reservoirs, canals, etc.

[0056] Measures during the construction period:

[0057] 1) The pipeline design adds warning facilities such as warning strips, marker posts, and warning signs, with a total of 8km of warning strips and 20 marker posts and warning signs.

[0058] 2) Whether the design coefficient was increased during the design stage. The original design coefficient was 0.72, which was increased to 0.6. The wall thickness was calculated to be 6mm, and the wall thickness was selected to be 8mm.

[0059] 3) The level of anti-corrosion layer has been increased. The entire line uses three layers of PE ordinary grade anti-corrosion, and the high consequence area uses three layers of PE enhanced grade anti-corrosion.

[0060] 4) Cathodic protection content has been added. One cathodic protection station is set up along the entire line, located at Station A, with 8 cathodic protection piles.

[0061] 5) Internal coating anti-corrosion technology is used throughout the line.

[0062] 6) Others

[0063] Operation management should pay attention to:

[0064] 1) It is recommended to carry out pipeline protection publicity on a regular basis;

[0065] 2) It is recommended to formulate an on-site emergency plan for pipeline emergencies in densely populated areas;

[0066] 3) It is recommended to formulate an emergency plan for pipeline emergencies in flammable and explosive places;

[0067] 4) It is recommended to regularly check the safety of flammable and explosive places;

[0068] 5) It is recommended to formulate a patrol plan and strengthen patrols;

[0069] 6) It is recommended to regularly check whether the cathode potential is normal;

[0070] 7) It is recommended to carry out cathodic protection maintenance work.

[0071] Furthermore, the AB oil pipeline transports purified crude oil, and the inner wall is considered for corrosion protection, but the outer wall is not. This pipeline determines the anti-corrosion layer based on the soil corrosiveness, and adopts a three-layer PE ordinary grade anti-corrosion outer anti-corrosion layer. At the same time, cathodic protection is used to control the external corrosion rate of the pipeline. According to the explanation in the "Technical Specification for Cathodic Protection of Buried Steel Pipelines" GB / T21448-2017, the corrosion rate of metal materials in electrolytes is determined by the potential of the material. The protection potential of the pipeline is within the protection range of the cathodic protection potential. The corrosion rate of the metal pipeline is less than 0.01mm / a, and the pipeline corrosion in 30 years is less than 0.3mm. The wall thickness margin of the pipeline in this project is 1mm. Based on the current use and experience of the oil field company's built and operated pipelines, this project sets the design life of the pipeline at 20 years.

[0072] Classify the pipelines according to Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 and determine the pipeline level.

[0073] Table 1 Classification standards for oil pipelines

[0074]

[0075] Table 2 Classification standards for water supply and injection pipelines

[0076]

[0077] Table 3 Classification standards for gas production, gas gathering, gas injection and gas transmission pipelines

[0078]

[0079] Preferably, the equipment resources required for the integrity management stage include arranging integrity management personnel to participate in the formulation of specific data collection plans in advance, being responsible for the formulation and organization of implementation (or process supervision) of baseline testing and evaluation plans, being responsible for coordinating the construction unit to rectify defects found in baseline testing, and being responsible for the review, acceptance and warehousing management of integrity management materials during the construction period.

[0080]

[0081] Preferably, the design life prediction requires taking measures in combination with design specifications and corrosion rates to determine the pipeline life and increase the reference service life for the operation and management stage.

[0082] Further, cost calculation.

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Beneficial Effects

[0086] The present invention provides a standardized writing method for a design chapter based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0087] The standardized writing method for the design chapter based on the integrity management of oil and gas pipelines, based on the basic design content of the pipeline, establishes a classification method for pipeline integrity management to classify pipelines, establishes a prediction of design life, and establishes a list of resource allocation required for integrity management. According to the different categories of pipelines, the data collection standards, content and depth of the pipeline construction period are established, the baseline detection content, scope, method and accuracy before commissioning are established, and an oil and gas pipeline risk identification method is established to identify the risks of the pipeline, thereby establishing a pipeline high consequence area identification method and judgment basis according to the determined pipeline category, forming a standardized writing method for the design chapter referred to in the invention. In the field of oil and gas pipeline design, the method described in the patent can be directly used to write the integrity design chapter, which can facilitate subsequent management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0088] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0090] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 The standardized writing method of the design chapter based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management includes the following steps:

[0091] Step 1: Write the basic information of the pipeline, including the name of the pipeline, starting and ending points, conveying medium, design temperature, operating temperature, maximum frozen soil depth, administrative divisions of the area through which the pipeline passes, population statistics, traffic statistics, statistics of warehouses and factories within 200m of the pipeline centerline, statistics of rivers and water sources, statistics of ground structures, statistics of buried facilities, statistics of third-party oil and gas pipelines, statistics of high-voltage AC and DC transmission lines, etc.

[0092] Step 2: classify the pipelines according to the maximum operating pressure and diameter of the pipelines in step 1 and determine the pipeline grade;

[0093] Step 3: Based on the pipeline categories determined in step 2, establish data collection and integration procedures to specify the integrity management data collection during the construction period;

[0094] Step 4: Based on the pipeline category determined in step 2, establish the baseline inspection operation procedures for oil and gas pipelines during the construction period and compile the baseline inspection requirements;

[0095] Step 5: Identify pipeline risks based on the pipeline categories determined in step 2;

[0096] Step 6: Based on the pipeline category determined in step 2, establish the criteria for identifying high consequence areas and identify the high consequence areas of the pipeline;

[0097] Step 7: predict the design life according to the basic parameters designed in step 1;

[0098] Step 8: Determine the equipment resources required for the integrity management phase based on steps 4 and 5;

[0099] Step nine, calculating the cost based on the equipment resources required in step eight;

[0100] Step one is as follows: AB oil pipeline, starting from point C and ending at point D, with a total length of 8km, the transmission medium is purified crude oil, the design pressure is 6.3MPa, the operating temperature is 35℃-55℃, the maximum frozen soil depth is 1.6m, and the pipeline adopts double-sided submerged arc welded steel pipe L450-355.1×8. The pipeline passes through 1 province, 1 city, and 2 counties, passing through 8 administrative villages, namely Xinhua Village, Zhonghua Village, Xinmen Village, Zhangjia Village, Lijia Village, Wangjiagou, Zhaojiagou, and Shizigou. The population along the line is sparse, and transportation is inconvenient. There are 2 industrial facilities such as warehouses and factories. The pipeline crosses 1 river and 1 water source. There are 4 above-ground facilities and 7 buried facilities. The pipeline crosses 6 existing pipelines, 3 underground optical cables, and 1 high-voltage AC and DC wire that crosses the pipeline.

[0101] Step 2 also includes: the pipeline needs to be classified according to factors such as medium type, pressure level and pipe diameter based on the relevant documents of pipeline integrity management. The design pressure of this pipeline is 6.3MPa and the pipe diameter is DN350, which belongs to Class I pipeline;

[0102] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, understanding the basic situation of the pipeline will help predict the design life and facilitate the classification and grading of the pipeline.

[0103] Example 2: The construction period integrity management data includes pipeline information, detection and evaluation, cathodic protection facilities, high consequence area identification and risk assessment. The data items with the same attributes are verified and integrated, and the data are submitted to the database in accordance with the requirements of the pipeline integrity management data form.

[0104] The data items for various pipeline construction periods are detailed in Table 4.

[0105] Table 4

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown in Table 4, pipelines can be classified according to factors such as medium type, pressure level and pipe diameter, making the pipeline classification more specific and facilitating more detailed management in the future.

[0109] Example 3: Before the pipeline project is handed over for acceptance, a baseline test is carried out. Defects found in the baseline test should be repaired in a timely manner. Static data is extracted and collected from the pipeline design and construction stage data before the baseline test.

[0110] During the baseline inspection, corresponding inspection and evaluation shall be carried out according to the pipeline category and applicable conditions, and the specific implementation shall be carried out according to the operating documents.

[0111] This pipeline belongs to Class I pipeline, and the baseline detection and technical method requirements are as follows:

[0112] Internal inspection of Class I pipelines should be carried out before the pipeline is put into operation. External corrosion protection performance testing and evaluation should be carried out, and close interval potential (CIPS) testing should be carried out in high-risk areas. The selected technical methods are shown in Table 5.

[0113] Table 5 Requirements for the phases and technical methods of Class I pipeline baseline inspection

[0114]

[0115] Internal inspection should be carried out on Class II pipelines with DN ≥ 200, preferably before the pipeline is put into operation. External corrosion protection performance testing and evaluation should be carried out. The technical methods selected for the test are shown in Table 6.

[0116] Table 6 Requirements for the phases and technical methods of Class II pipeline baseline testing

[0117]

[0118] Category III should carry out pipeline centerline collection and route investigation. The selected technical methods and standards are shown in Table 7.

[0119] Table 7 Baseline inspection phases and technical method requirements for Class III pipelines

[0120]

[0121] Specifically, Figure 1 During the baseline inspection, dynamic data of the pipeline is collected and stored as the first integrity management data. The integrity data is collected for the first time to carry out risk assessment to obtain pipeline risk information. According to the risk mitigation measures, corrective measures and the next inspection time are formulated.

[0122] Example 4: Based on the risk factor analysis and combined with the accident statistics that have occurred over the years, targeted risk avoidance measures are proposed, mainly from the aspects of pipeline risk avoidance, route selection, pipe material selection, anti-corrosion layer optimization design; operation monitoring, manual patrol, video surveillance and other equipment configuration.

[0123] Specifically, it mainly writes the risk analysis and countermeasures of natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, thunderstorms, frost heave, foundation collapse, third-party damage, landslides, etc. in the pipeline laying area, the risk analysis and countermeasures of internal and external corrosion caused by the conveying medium and soil, the risk analysis and countermeasures of the inherent defects of the pipeline girth welds, fillet welds, spiral welds, etc., the risk analysis and countermeasures of external environmental factors of AC and DC transmission lines and electric-driven rail transportation in the area where the pipeline passes, the risk analysis and countermeasures of special areas such as pipelines crossing rivers, roads, railways, environmentally sensitive areas, etc., the risk analysis and countermeasures of other design quality risks, risks of the prefabrication process, risks of the construction process, risks of special materials and equipment, etc., and puts forward targeted technical measures to avoid risks as follows:

[0124] 1) Analysis and countermeasures of risks of natural disasters in pipeline laying areas on pipeline operation

[0125] The natural disasters in the pipeline laying area under this section of the pipeline / project mainly include floods, earthquakes, thunderstorms, frost heave, foundation collapse, third-party damage, landslides, and other natural disasters.

[0126] The pipeline route for this section is mainly laid on mountain ridges, and hydraulic protection measures such as mortar stone and straw bags are adopted. A geological disaster monitoring system is added, and a high-consequence area monitoring system is set up.

[0127] 2) Risk analysis and countermeasures of internal and external corrosion caused by pipeline transport media and soil

[0128] The types of internal and external corrosion risks caused by the medium and soil transported by this section of pipeline mainly include: the corrosiveness of the transported medium and the corrosiveness of the soil.

[0129] In view of the corrosion characteristics, the spiral seam double-sided submerged arc welded steel pipe L450 pipe was selected as the pipe material, and the external anti-corrosion layer selected three-layer PE reinforced external anti-corrosion. A cathodic protection system was set up, and cathodic protection test piles were added.

[0130] 3) Risk analysis and countermeasures of pipeline defects

[0131] The risk types of pipeline defects mainly include: girth welds, fillet welds, spiral welds, etc. In the design stage, the spiral seam double-sided submerged arc welded steel pipe L450-355.1×8 was selected for the pipe type, and the weld inspection requirements were proposed based on the ××× specification.

[0132] 4) Risk analysis and countermeasures of external environmental factors of pipelines

[0133] The risk types of external environmental factors of pipelines mainly include: AC and DC transmission lines and electric-driven rail transit in the areas where the pipeline passes.

[0134] AC and DC interference tests were conducted in accordance with relevant standards for pipeline AC and DC interference. Based on the degree of interference, compulsory drainage measures were taken for this section of the pipeline.

[0135] 5) Risk analysis and countermeasures for pipelines passing through special areas

[0136] The risk types when pipelines pass through special areas mainly include: pipelines crossing rivers, pipelines crossing roads, railways, environmentally sensitive areas, etc.

[0137] This section of pipeline adopts video surveillance, intercom system and medium leakage alarm system safety measures at the crossing points, and the wall thickness is increased by one level when crossing environmentally sensitive areas.

[0138] 6) Risk analysis and countermeasures of other factors

[0139] Compare and analyze accidents that occur under similar conditions and propose targeted risk management measures.

[0140] The risk types of other pipeline factors mainly include: design quality risks, prefabrication process risks, construction process risks, special materials and equipment risks, etc.

[0141] E Design Company is a Class A design company in the industry with quality certifications such as ISO9001 and ISO14001. The company has a detailed quality management system. Regarding design quality, it undergoes program planning, research, three-level review by the design company, review by the regional company, and review by the head office, which can reduce design quality risks and ensure design quality.

[0142] The risks during the construction process mainly include welding quality, construction safety, and pipeline damage. A detailed construction plan should be prepared before construction, and construction can only be carried out after the construction plan is reviewed and approved by the supervisor and the owner;

[0143] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, after a series of assessments and tests, the equipment resources required in the subsequent integrity management phase can be determined more accurately.

[0144] Example 5: The specific implementation method of step six is ​​as follows: Adopt a single pipeline identification method. In the high consequence area identification stage, risk factor investigation is mainly carried out by using regional image maps, topographic maps and combining on-site survey methods to investigate and identify buildings, residential areas, public places, industrial parks, towns and villages, underground pipelines, roads, dangerous places, protection areas, water sources, rivers, large and medium-sized reservoirs, and canals along the pipeline.

[0145] Measures during the construction period:

[0146] 1) The pipeline design adds warning facilities such as warning strips, marker posts, and warning signs, with a total of 8km of warning strips and 20 marker posts and warning signs.

[0147] 2) Whether the design coefficient was increased during the design stage. The original design coefficient was 0.72, which was increased to 0.6. The wall thickness was calculated to be 6mm, and the wall thickness was selected to be 8mm.

[0148] 3) The level of anti-corrosion layer has been increased. The entire line uses three layers of PE ordinary grade anti-corrosion, and the high consequence area uses three layers of PE enhanced grade anti-corrosion.

[0149] 4) Cathodic protection content has been added. One cathodic protection station is set up along the entire line, located at Station A, with 8 cathodic protection piles.

[0150] 5) Internal coating anti-corrosion technology is used throughout the line.

[0151] 6) Others

[0152] Operation management should pay attention to:

[0153] 1) It is recommended to carry out pipeline protection publicity on a regular basis;

[0154] 2) It is recommended to formulate an on-site emergency plan for pipeline emergencies in densely populated areas;

[0155] 3) It is recommended to formulate an emergency plan for pipeline emergencies in flammable and explosive places;

[0156] 4) It is recommended to regularly check the safety of flammable and explosive places;

[0157] 5) It is recommended to formulate a patrol plan and strengthen patrols;

[0158] 6) It is recommended to regularly check whether the cathode potential is normal;

[0159] 7) It is recommended to carry out cathodic protection maintenance work.

[0160] Furthermore, the AB oil pipeline transports purified crude oil, and the inner wall is considered for corrosion protection, but the outer wall is not. This pipeline determines the anti-corrosion layer based on the soil corrosiveness, and adopts a three-layer PE ordinary grade anti-corrosion outer anti-corrosion layer. At the same time, cathodic protection is used to control the external corrosion rate of the pipeline. According to the explanation in the "Technical Specification for Cathodic Protection of Buried Steel Pipelines" GB / T21448-2017, the corrosion rate of metal materials in electrolytes is determined by the potential of the material. The protection potential of the pipeline is within the protection range of the cathodic protection potential. The corrosion rate of the metal pipeline is less than 0.01mm / a, and the pipeline corrosion in 30 years is less than 0.3mm. The wall thickness margin of the pipeline in this project is 1mm. Based on the current use and experience of the oil field company's built and operated pipelines, this project sets the design life of the pipeline at 20 years.

[0161] Classify the pipelines according to Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 and determine the pipeline level.

[0162] Table 1 Classification standards for oil pipelines

[0163]

[0164] Table 2 Classification standards for water supply and injection pipelines

[0165]

[0166]

[0167] Table 3 Classification standards for gas production, gas gathering, gas injection and gas transmission pipelines

[0168]

[0169] Preferably, the equipment resources required for the integrity management stage include arranging integrity management personnel to participate in the formulation of specific data collection plans in advance, being responsible for the formulation and organization of implementation (or process supervision) of baseline testing and evaluation plans, being responsible for coordinating the construction unit to rectify defects found in baseline testing, and being responsible for the review, acceptance and warehousing management of integrity management materials during the construction period.

[0170]

[0171] Preferably, the design life prediction requires taking measures in combination with design specifications and corrosion rates to determine the pipeline life and increase the reference service life for the operation and management stage.

[0172] Further, cost calculation.

[0173]

[0174]

[0175] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the cost can be calculated based on the required equipment resources.

[0176] When working, according to the basic design content of the pipeline, a classification method for pipeline integrity management is established to classify the pipelines, a prediction of the design life is established, and a list of resource allocation required for integrity management is established. According to the different categories of pipelines, the data collection standards, content and depth of the pipeline construction period are established, the baseline detection content, scope, method and accuracy before production are established, and an oil and gas pipeline risk identification method is established to identify the risks of the pipeline. Therefore, according to the determined pipeline category, a pipeline high consequence area identification method and judgment basis are established, forming a standardized writing method for the design chapter referred to in the invention. After the method is formed, in the field of oil and gas pipeline design, the method described in the patent can be directly used to write a special chapter on integrity design, which can facilitate subsequent management.

[0177] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A standardized writing method for a special chapter on design based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Write the basic information of the pipeline, including the name of the pipeline, starting and ending points, conveying medium, design temperature, operating temperature, maximum frozen soil depth, administrative divisions of the area through which the pipeline passes, population statistics, traffic statistics, statistics of warehouses and factories within 200m of the pipeline centerline, statistics of rivers and water sources, statistics of ground structures, statistics of buried facilities, statistics of third-party oil and gas pipelines, statistics of high-voltage AC and DC transmission lines, etc. Step 2: classify the pipelines according to the maximum operating pressure and diameter of the pipelines in step 1 and determine the pipeline grade; Step 3: Based on the pipeline categories determined in step 2, establish data collection and integration procedures to specify the integrity management data collection during the construction period; Step 4: Based on the pipeline category determined in step 2, establish the baseline inspection operation procedures for oil and gas pipelines during the construction period and compile the baseline inspection requirements; Step 5: Identify pipeline risks based on the pipeline categories determined in step 2; Step 6: Based on the pipeline category determined in step 2, establish the criteria for identifying high consequence areas and identify the high consequence areas of the pipeline; Step 7: predict the design life according to the basic parameters designed in step 1; Step 8: Determine the equipment resources required for the integrity management phase based on steps 4 and 5; Step nine, calculate the cost based on the equipment resources required in step eight.

2. The standardized writing method for a design chapter based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management according to claim 1 is characterized by: The step 1 is specifically as follows: the AB oil pipeline starts at point C and ends at point D, with a total length of 8 km, the conveying medium is purified crude oil, the design pressure is 6.3 MPa, the operating temperature is 35°C-55°C, the maximum frozen soil depth is 1.6 m, and the pipeline adopts double-sided submerged arc welded steel pipe L450-355.1×8; the pipeline passes through 1 province, 1 city, and 2 counties, and passes through 8 administrative villages, namely Xinhua Village, Zhonghua Village, Xinmen Village, Zhangjia Village, Lijia Village, Wangjiagou, Zhaojiagou, and Shizigou; the population along the line is sparse, the transportation is inconvenient, there are 2 industrial facilities such as warehouses and factories, the pipeline crosses a river at 1 place, crosses a water source at 1 place, there are 4 above-ground facilities in total, 7 buried facilities in total, the pipeline crosses existing pipelines at 6 places, crosses underground optical cables at 3 places, and crosses the pipeline at 1 place with high-voltage AC and DC wires.

3. The standardized writing method for design chapter based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management according to claim 1 is characterized by: The step 2 also includes: classifying the pipelines according to factors such as medium type, pressure level and pipe diameter based on relevant documents on pipeline integrity management.

4. The method for standardizing the design chapter based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management according to claim 1 is characterized by: The construction period integrity management data in step three includes pipeline information, detection and evaluation, cathodic protection facilities, high consequence area identification and risk assessment. Data items with the same attributes are verified and integrated, and data submission and storage are completed in accordance with the requirements of the pipeline integrity management data form.

5. The method for standardizing the design chapter based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific steps of step 4 are as follows: before the pipeline is handed over for acceptance, a baseline test shall be carried out. Defects found in the baseline test shall be repaired in a timely manner. Static data shall be extracted and collected from the pipeline design and construction phase materials before the baseline test. During the baseline test, dynamic data of the pipeline shall be collected and stored as the first integrity management data. Risk assessment shall be carried out for the first time when integrity data is collected to obtain pipeline risk information. Corrective measures and the next inspection time shall be formulated based on risk mitigation measures.

6. The standardized writing method for design chapter based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific steps of step five are as follows: based on the risk factor analysis and in combination with the accident statistics that have occurred over the years, targeted risk avoidance measures are proposed, mainly focusing on pipeline risk avoidance, route selection, pipe material selection, and anti-corrosion layer optimization design; operation monitoring, manual patrol, video surveillance and other equipment configuration aspects.

7. The method for standardizing the design chapter based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific implementation method of step six is ​​as follows: adopt a single pipeline identification method. In the high consequence area identification stage, risk factor investigation is mainly carried out by using regional image maps, topographic maps and combining on-site survey methods, and investigating and identifying buildings, residential areas, public places, industrial parks, towns and villages, underground pipelines, roads, dangerous places, protection areas, water sources, rivers, large and medium-sized reservoirs, and canals along the pipeline.

8. The method for standardizing the design chapter based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management according to claim 2 is characterized by: The AB oil pipeline determines the anti-corrosion layer according to the soil corrosivity, adopts three layers of PE ordinary grade anti-corrosion outer anti-corrosion layer, and adopts cathodic protection to control the external corrosion rate of the pipeline.

9. The method for standardizing the design chapter based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management according to claim 1 is characterized by: The equipment resources required for the integrity management stage include arranging integrity management personnel to participate in the formulation of specific data collection plans in advance, being responsible for the formulation and organization of implementation (or process supervision) of baseline testing and evaluation plans, being responsible for coordinating the construction unit to rectify defects found in baseline testing, and being responsible for the review, acceptance and warehousing management of integrity management materials during the construction period.

10. The method for standardizing the design chapter based on oil and gas pipeline integrity management according to claim 1 is characterized by: The design life prediction requires taking measures in combination with design specifications and corrosion rates to determine the pipeline life and increase the reference service life for the operation and management stage.

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