Urban Air Traffic Hub Arrival and Departure Management System and Method Based on Aircraft Performance

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a kind of urban air traffic hub entry and exit management system and method based on aircraft performance;System includes take-off and landing field, communication module, navigation module, take-off and landing guide module, monitoring module and intelligent processing module.Compared with prior art, for the problem that take-off and landing point is less in take-off and landing field, resource competition is fierce, and aircraft cannot be taken off and landed at any time, the application not only can the maximum utilization degree of management to the limited resources of take-off and landing field, but also can command the air traffic of entry and exit, especially in the case of congestion, realize the orderly traffic in take-off and landing field airspace.This application can also expand the capacity of take-off and landing field in limited physical space, soft expansion and take-off and landing coordination, improve the throughput capacity and improve the overall traffic convenience.In addition, the application is also suitable for manned and unmanned vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of urban low-altitude air traffic management technology, specifically to an urban air traffic hub arrival and departure management system and method based on aircraft performance. Background Technology

[0002] In urban low-altitude air traffic scenarios, the takeoff and landing sites (hereinafter referred to as takeoff and landing sites) are important hubs in the transportation network. Effective management of aircraft arrival and departure at takeoff and landing sites (hereinafter referred to as arrival and departure management) has multiple important implications for urban air traffic, including:

[0003] (1) Safety: Safety is the primary issue faced during the take-off and landing of aircraft. The area near the take-off and landing site is densely populated with aircraft and is the area with the highest probability of aircraft conflicts (aircraft colliding with each other or being too close to each other, affecting flight safety).

[0004] (2) In terms of efficiency, take-off and landing fields, as transportation hubs, are key resources. With the development of urban air transportation, the problem of limited take-off and landing field resources will inevitably arise. Effective traffic management can significantly improve traffic efficiency and avoid congestion.

[0005] (3) In terms of energy conservation and environmental protection, suitable approach and departure procedures for aircraft can help aircraft fly along the optimal path, reduce detours, avoid waste of vertical take-off and landing resources, and save time and energy.

[0006] The aforementioned problems are interconnected and mutually influential. Currently, there is a lack of effective solutions that comprehensively address these issues.

[0007] Furthermore, in common general aviation scenarios, landing fields only provide basic facilities and fundamental information. Moreover, takeoff and landing navigation relies primarily on pilot visual observation, making coordination among multiple aircraft difficult in heavy traffic conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide an urban air traffic hub arrival and departure management system and method based on aircraft performance. Addressing the problems of limited take-off and landing points, intense resource competition, and inability to meet the needs of aircraft take-off and landing at any time, this invention can not only manage the limited resources of the take-off and landing area to the maximum extent, but also direct air traffic arrival and departure, especially to achieve orderly traffic flow in the airspace of the take-off and landing area under congestion.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an urban air traffic hub arrival and departure management system based on aircraft performance, including a takeoff and landing field, a communication module, a navigation module, a takeoff and landing guidance module, a monitoring module, and an intelligent processing module. The takeoff and landing field includes multiple takeoff and landing points. The communication module supports communication between the arrival and departure management system and aircraft, including manned and unmanned aircraft in urban low-altitude air traffic scenarios. The navigation module is used to provide the aircraft with the location of the takeoff and landing points and improve the aircraft's positioning accuracy.

[0010] The takeoff and landing guidance module is used to guide the aircraft during takeoff and landing.

[0011] The monitoring module is used to acquire information about aircraft in and around the take-off and landing field through active monitoring and controlled monitoring, and to monitor deviations from the approach and departure procedures and illegal flight activities in real time.

[0012] The intelligent processing module is used to perform airspace planning, takeoff and landing rule formulation, arrival and departure management, arrival and departure control, aircraft deviation from the airspace monitoring, real-time conflict detection, and timely adjustment of arrival and departure procedures.

[0013] Secondly, this application also provides a method for managing the arrival and departure of urban air traffic hubs based on aircraft performance, applicable to the aforementioned system, including the following steps:

[0014] Based on the differences in aircraft performance, diverse take-off and landing channels and waiting channels are designed for aircraft use to avoid congestion and collisions;

[0015] During the approach and departure of the aircraft, the optimal approach and departure procedures are formulated for the aircraft based on the take-off and landing channels and the holding channels, and the take-off and landing guidance is realized based on the navigation module and the take-off and landing guidance module.

[0016] During the approach and departure of aircraft, the monitoring module monitors flight activities in real time and adjusts the relevant approach and departure procedures in real time if the aircraft deviates significantly from the plan to avoid conflicts.

[0017] During the approach and departure of aircraft, the intelligent processing module enables air traffic channel planning, take-off and landing rule formulation, approach and departure management, approach and departure control, aircraft deviation from the channel monitoring, real-time conflict detection, and timely adjustment of approach and departure procedures.

[0018] The advantages of implementing the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] (1) In response to the problems of limited take-off and landing points, fierce competition for resources, and inability to meet the needs of aircraft to take off and land at any time, the system can not only manage the limited resources of the take-off and landing field to the maximum extent, but also direct air traffic entering and leaving the field, especially to achieve orderly traffic in the airspace of the take-off and landing field in the case of congestion.

[0020] (2) The system designs the optimal approach and departure procedures for the aircraft based on its performance and provides a variety of technical means (such as light guidance and digital guidance) to assist navigation, which can improve safety performance.

[0021] (3) The system can serve not only various types of aircraft, but also both unmanned and manned aircraft.

[0022] (4) Under normal circumstances, the capacity of the take-off and landing field is limited by physical space. The embodiments of the present invention can perform hard expansion, soft expansion and take-off and landing coordination of the take-off and landing field in the priority physical space, which can improve throughput capacity and improve the overall traffic convenience. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the urban air traffic hub arrival and departure management system based on aircraft performance provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planning for vertical take-off and landing tunnels and inclined take-off and landing tunnels;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planning for vertical and inclined waiting channels;

[0027] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation of guide lights around the take-off and landing points;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the urban air traffic hub arrival and departure management method based on aircraft performance provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0031] It should be noted that, in response to the problem that there are few take-off and landing points in the take-off and landing field, and the intense competition for resources, which cannot meet the needs of aircraft to take off and land at any time, the embodiments of this invention propose an approach and departure procedure based on aircraft performance, as well as an orderly management method for multiple aircraft competing for resources. This achieves efficient utilization of take-off and landing field resources while also meeting the needs of aircraft to take off and land smoothly and with low energy consumption.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides an urban air traffic hub arrival and departure management system based on aircraft performance, which includes a take-off and landing field, a communication module, a navigation module, a take-off and landing guidance module, a monitoring module, and an intelligent processing module.

[0033] The take-off and landing field provides a space for aircraft to take off and land, and includes multiple take-off and landing points; each take-off and landing point can accommodate one aircraft. The take-off and landing points come in various sizes to support aircraft of different sizes. In this embodiment, the aircraft include manned and unmanned types.

[0034] The communication module supports communication between the arrival and departure management system and the aircraft, with both direct communication and indirect communication via the urban air traffic system. The communication information mainly includes reservation information, real-time aircraft status information, real-time takeoff and landing site status information, and arrival and departure procedure information. The arrival and departure procedure information guides the aircraft in performing landing and takeoff maneuvers, including multiple key waypoints passed in sequence, as well as the time window and recommended speed for passing each waypoint.

[0035] The navigation module includes both radio navigation and visual navigation. Radio navigation improves the aircraft's positioning accuracy through differential positioning base stations and provides the aircraft with precise coordinates of the takeoff and landing points. Visual navigation identifies the location of the takeoff and landing points through ground markings, symbols, and numbers.

[0036] The takeoff and landing guidance module includes two methods: digital guidance and light guidance. Digital guidance provides alerts and operational suggestions when the aircraft deviates from the approach and departure procedures. Light guidance uses guide lights installed around the takeoff and landing points, controlling the color and emission pattern of the lights to display the usage status of the takeoff and landing points and the aircraft's deviation status, thereby achieving guidance.

[0037] The monitoring module monitors aircraft information in and around the take-off and landing field through active and passive monitoring, and detects illegal flight activities in real time.

[0038] The intelligent processing module includes functions such as airspace planning, takeoff and landing rule formulation, arrival and departure management, arrival and departure control, aircraft deviation from the airspace monitoring, real-time conflict detection, and real-time adjustment of arrival and departure procedures.

[0039] Based on the architecture of the above entry and exit system, the functions that the system can achieve are described in detail below:

[0040] I. Air Corridor Planning

[0041] The airspace around the takeoff and landing field is divided into takeoff and landing lanes and holding lanes. The takeoff and landing lanes are used for aircraft takeoff and landing. The holding lanes are used for aircraft that cannot land temporarily and are left to wait in the air.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 2 The takeoff and landing corridors are further divided into vertical takeoff and landing corridors and inclined takeoff and landing corridors. Vertical takeoff and landing corridors extend vertically upwards from the takeoff and landing point to the top of the takeoff and landing airspace. Inclined takeoff and landing corridors start at a height H directly above the takeoff and landing point and extend in a straight line in any direction at various angles of inclination until the boundary of the takeoff and landing airspace. The setting of H depends on the surrounding environment.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 3 The waiting areas are further divided into vertical waiting areas and inclined waiting areas. Vertical waiting areas are spatially adjacent to vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) tunnels, and the space surrounding the VTOL tunnels, beyond the safety separation distance, constitutes the waiting area. Inclined waiting areas consist of concentric circles of different radii drawn at multiple altitude levels. Each circle is connected to a corresponding inclined VTOL tunnel, and all inclined VTOL tunnels connecting the same circle have the same slope.

[0044] II. Formulation of Takeoff and Landing Rules

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, the established take-off and landing rules are as follows: vertical take-off and landing channels are given priority for use by rotorcraft, and inclined take-off and landing channels are given priority for use by fixed-wing aircraft.

[0046] III. Entry Management

[0047] (3.1) The arrival and departure management system publicly releases and updates information on takeoff and landing site reservations and actual occupancy in real time. Aircraft select available resources and send reservation information to the takeoff and landing site in advance. The reservation information includes the aircraft's identity, aircraft type, estimated arrival time, altitude, bearing, optimal takeoff and landing tilt angle, and parking time. The arrival and departure management system confirms the reservations.

[0048] (3.2) When an aircraft is about to arrive at the landing field, it confirms its approach procedure with the approach and departure management system. The intelligent processing module of the approach and departure management system queries the reservation records. Aircraft with reservations are given priority, and approach procedure information is provided according to the reservation information, actual flight conditions, and the previously planned takeoff and landing channels and waiting channels. For aircraft without reservations, resources are temporarily planned if available, and approach procedure information is provided. The main content of the approach procedure information is the 4D trajectory of the landing aircraft, including multiple 3D critical waypoints, and the time taken to pass through the waypoints.

[0049] (3.3) During the aircraft's approach, the approach and departure management system monitors the entire process. If the time window given in the approach procedure is missed, the reservation and the original approach procedure are cancelled, and the aircraft is required to repeat step (3.2). If an aircraft violates the approach procedure and affects the safety of other aircraft, the system adjusts the approach and departure procedures of the relevant aircraft, collects evidence, and reports to the air traffic management department.

[0050] (3.4) During the aircraft's approach, the approach and departure management system assists the aircraft in precise landing and collision avoidance. The intelligent processing module provides real-time status information of surrounding aircraft, including aircraft identity, model, three-dimensional geographic coordinates, flight speed, and approach / departure procedures, to assist the aircraft in autonomous collision avoidance. It also provides digital guidance information, alerting the aircraft and offering operational suggestions if it deviates from the approach procedure. Additionally, it provides light guidance for more intuitive visual guidance.

[0051] Specifically, intelligent light guidance can be referenced. Figure 4 and Figure 5 Guide lights (blue dots) are installed around the takeoff and landing points (the black circular or square areas in the image below). These lights are evenly spaced in a circular pattern, embedded in the ground flush with the surface, and emit light into the air. Each light has both red and green colors. By adjusting the color and flashing of the lights, the status of the takeoff and landing point is displayed, providing visual guidance for the flight zone.

[0052] The take-off and landing point statuses and corresponding lighting modes are as follows:

[0053] Landing point not in use: All lights off

[0054] Aircraft are already parked at the takeoff and landing point: all lights are constantly on red.

[0055] The take-off and landing site is vacant and has no immediate plans for use: all lights are constantly on green.

[0056] The aircraft at the takeoff and landing point is about to take off: all lights are flashing red.

[0057] The aircraft at the takeoff and landing point is taking off: the heading light is flashing green, and other lights are flashing red.

[0058] The aircraft at the takeoff and landing point is landing normally: the direction light for the aircraft is constantly green, and the other lights are constantly red.

[0059] The aircraft at the take-off and landing point is landing, but it has deviated from the planned landing route: the direction light for the route is solid green, the direction light for the aircraft is flashing green, and the other lights are solid red.

[0060] IV. Departure Management

[0061] (4.1) Before takeoff, the aircraft shall make a reservation with the approach and departure management system. The reservation information includes the aircraft's identity, type, estimated takeoff time, altitude, bearing, optimal takeoff and landing tilt angle, parking time, etc. The approach and departure management system shall confirm the reservation.

[0062] (4.2) When an aircraft is about to take off, it confirms its departure procedure with the arrival and departure management system. The arrival and departure management system queries the reservation records. Aircraft with reservations are given priority, and departure procedure information is provided according to the reservation information, actual flight conditions, and the previously planned takeoff and landing channels and waiting channels. For aircraft without reservations, resources are temporarily planned if available, and departure procedure information is provided. The main content of the departure procedure information is the 4D trajectory of the taking-off aircraft, including multiple 3D critical waypoints, and the time taken to pass through the waypoints.

[0063] (4.3) During the aircraft's departure process, the arrival and departure management system monitors the entire arrival process. If the time window given in the departure procedure is missed, the reservation and the original departure procedure are cancelled, and the aircraft is required to repeat step (4.2). If an aircraft violates the departure procedure and affects the safety of other aircraft, the system adjusts the arrival and departure procedures of the relevant aircraft, collects evidence, and reports to the air traffic control department.

[0064] (4.4) During the aircraft's departure process, the approach and departure management system assists the aircraft in precise takeoff and collision avoidance. The intelligent processing module provides real-time status information of surrounding aircraft, including the aircraft's identity, model, three-dimensional geographic coordinates, flight speed, and flight intent (planned flight trajectory in the short term), to assist the aircraft in autonomous collision avoidance. It also provides digital guidance information and alerts the aircraft if it deviates from the departure procedure.

[0065] V. Entry and Exit Control

[0066] If the arrival and departure procedures are executable, the arrival and departure management system plans takeoff and landing paths for the aircraft based on the previously planned takeoff and landing lanes and holding lanes. The landing path involves the aircraft flying at its current altitude to the nearest takeoff and landing lane, and then landing at the takeoff / landing point along the lane. The takeoff path involves the aircraft climbing from the takeoff / landing point along the lane to the planned flight level, and then detaching from the lane and flying at level towards its destination. For fixed-wing aircraft, the slope of the takeoff and landing lane is the slope most suitable for takeoff and landing performance.

[0067] If take-off and landing points or airspace resources are occupied, aircraft cannot take off or land temporarily. Aircraft that are taking off will wait in place, and aircraft that are landing will enter the waiting channel assigned by the arrival and departure management system.

[0068] VI. Monitoring of aircraft deviation from the designated path

[0069] Multiple surveillance cameras are installed around the takeoff and landing points to monitor whether the aircraft deviates from the takeoff and landing path, such as Figure 2 As shown. One vertical monitoring camera is located directly below the vertical take-off and landing tunnel, looking directly upwards, while multiple tilting monitoring cameras are arranged in a circle at the intersection of the tilting tunnel's reverse extension with the ground, looking obliquely upwards.

[0070] In this installation layout, the vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) passage is located in the central area of ​​the vertical surveillance cameras. For the tilt surveillance cameras, the tilt angle can be calculated based on the aircraft's position within the image row, and the azimuth angle can be calculated based on the aircraft's position within the image column.

[0071] The approach and departure management system uses the aircraft's approach and departure route planning and images captured by monitoring cameras to determine in real time whether the aircraft has deviated from the takeoff and landing route. It issues real-time alarms for aircraft that deviate from the route and provides trajectory correction suggestions.

[0072] VII. Real-time Conflict Risk Detection and Conflict Alarm

[0073] The arrival and departure management system performs collision detection on aircraft on the same takeoff and landing ramp. If two aircraft are traveling in opposite directions, a collision alarm is immediately issued, and both aircraft are instructed to hover immediately. If two aircraft are traveling in the same direction but are too close, a collision risk alarm is immediately issued, and speed adjustment suggestions are provided to both aircraft. Personalized spacing management is implemented based on the positioning error and aerodynamic performance of the two aircraft. The probability of two aircraft being in the same location does not exceed the system's safety threshold, typically 10%. -7 Up to 10 -9 Furthermore, the following aircraft was outside the influence of the wake turbulence of the preceding aircraft.

[0074] 8. Expansion of take-off and landing points

[0075] To accommodate more aircraft within a limited space, the take-off and landing point floor in this embodiment is designed to be movable. The floor utilizes tracks or elevators laid on the ground to transport aircraft to or from the hangar to the take-off and landing point.

[0076] IX. Short Stay Mode

[0077] When there is insufficient space for additional aircraft, the arrival and departure management system offers a short-stay mode to facilitate the transport of personnel and cargo. In short-stay mode, the system plans the arrival and departure routes for the aircraft and the duration of their brief stop at the landing site. After completing the transport of personnel and cargo during the short-stay, the aircraft departs the landing site and proceeds to its next destination, or parks at a nearby landing site that can accommodate more aircraft.

[0078] The advantages of implementing the entry and exit management system provided in this embodiment of the invention are as follows:

[0079] (1) In response to the problems of limited take-off and landing points, fierce competition for resources, and inability to meet the needs of aircraft to take off and land at any time, the system can not only manage the limited resources of the take-off and landing field to the maximum extent, but also direct air traffic entering and leaving the field, especially to achieve orderly traffic in the airspace of the take-off and landing field in the case of congestion.

[0080] (2) The system designs the optimal approach and departure procedures for the aircraft based on its performance and provides a variety of technical means (such as light guidance and digital guidance) to assist navigation, which can improve safety performance.

[0081] (3) The system can serve not only various types of aircraft, but also both unmanned and manned aircraft.

[0082] (4) Under normal circumstances, the capacity of the take-off and landing field is limited by physical space. The embodiments of the present invention can perform hard expansion, soft expansion and take-off and landing coordination of the take-off and landing field in the priority physical space, which can improve throughput capacity and improve the overall traffic convenience.

[0083] In other words, the approach and departure management system provided in this embodiment of the invention can accurately guide aircraft and improve flight operation safety; it can implement stable descent procedures and reduce the risk of controlled ground collision; it can achieve flexible and optimized flight paths, increase aircraft payload, reduce flight time, and save fuel.

[0084] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a method for arrival and departure management of urban air traffic hubs based on aircraft performance, applicable to the aforementioned systems, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0085] S1, designed with diverse take-off and landing channels and waiting channels according to the differences in aircraft performance, to avoid congestion and collisions;

[0086] S2, during the approach and departure of the aircraft, formulates the optimal approach and departure procedure for the aircraft based on the take-off and landing passage and the holding passage, and guides the aircraft's take-off and landing based on the navigation module and the take-off and landing guidance module;

[0087] S3 monitors flight activities in real time based on the monitoring module during the approach and departure of the aircraft, and adjusts the relevant approach and departure procedures in real time when the aircraft deviates significantly from the plan to avoid conflicts.

[0088] S4, during the approach and departure of aircraft, uses an intelligent processing module to realize air passage planning, take-off and landing rule formulation, approach and departure management, approach and departure control, aircraft deviation from the passage monitoring, real-time conflict detection, and timely adjustment of approach and departure procedures.

[0089] The takeoff and landing rules stipulate that the vertical takeoff and landing lanes are prioritized for rotary-wing aircraft, while the tilt-and-landing lanes are prioritized for fixed-wing aircraft. The intelligent processing module performs airspace planning, specifically:

[0090] Plan take-off and landing lanes and waiting lanes in the airspace of the take-off and landing field;

[0091] The take-off and landing channels are divided into vertical take-off and landing channels and multiple inclined take-off and landing channels. The vertical take-off and landing channel extends vertically upward from the take-off and landing point to the top of the take-off and landing airspace. The inclined take-off and landing channel starts from a height H directly above the take-off and landing point and extends in a straight line in any direction at various inclination angles until the boundary of the take-off and landing airspace.

[0092] The waiting area is divided into a vertical waiting area and an inclined waiting area. The vertical waiting area is the space surrounding the vertical take-off and landing channel outside the safety interval, and the vertical waiting area is adjacent to the vertical take-off and landing channel. The inclined waiting area is a concentric circle with different radii drawn on multiple height levels. Each circle is connected to the corresponding inclined take-off and landing channel, and all inclined take-off and landing channels connected to the same circle have the same slope.

[0093] Specifically, entry and exit management includes:

[0094] Receives arrival and departure reservation information sent by the aircraft to the take-off and landing field; the arrival and departure reservation information includes the aircraft's identity, aircraft type, estimated arrival time, altitude, bearing, optimal take-off and landing tilt angle, and parking time;

[0095] Based on the arrival and departure reservation information, the planned take-off and landing channels and waiting channels, arrival and departure procedure information is provided; the arrival and departure procedure information is used to guide the aircraft to perform landing and take-off actions, and the arrival and departure procedure information is the 4D track of the landing / take-off aircraft, which includes multiple 3D critical waypoints and the time to pass through the critical waypoints;

[0096] Provides real-time status information for nearby aircraft;

[0097] During the approach of the aircraft, the real-time status information includes the aircraft's identity, model, three-dimensional geographic coordinates, and flight speed;

[0098] During the departure process, the real-time status information includes the aircraft's identity, model, three-dimensional geographic coordinates, flight speed, and flight intention.

[0099] Specifically, the intelligent processing module performs entry and exit control, specifically as follows:

[0100] If the arrival and departure procedures are executable, then a landing path and a takeoff path are planned for the aircraft. The landing path is for the aircraft to fly at its current altitude to the nearest takeoff and landing channel, and then land at the takeoff and landing point along the takeoff and landing channel. The takeoff path is for the aircraft to climb from the takeoff and landing point along the takeoff and landing channel to the planned flight altitude layer, and then leave the takeoff and landing channel to fly at level towards the destination.

[0101] If takeoff and landing points or airspace resources are occupied, aircraft waiting to take off will wait in place, while aircraft waiting to land will enter the waiting channel assigned by the system.

[0102] Specifically, monitoring of aircraft deviation from the channel includes:

[0103] Multiple surveillance cameras are installed around the take-off and landing point; one surveillance camera is located directly below the vertical take-off and landing tunnel, and the multiple surveillance cameras are distributed in a circle at the intersection of the inclined take-off and landing tunnel with the ground at the reverse extension of the inclined take-off and landing tunnel.

[0104] Image information is acquired through multiple surveillance cameras;

[0105] Based on the aircraft approach and departure route planning information and the image information, the system makes a real-time determination of whether the aircraft has deviated from the takeoff and landing route.

[0106] If the aircraft deviates from the takeoff and landing path, a real-time alarm will be issued and trajectory correction suggestions will be provided.

[0107] Specifically, real-time conflict detection includes:

[0108] If two aircraft are flying in opposite directions on the same takeoff and landing path, a collision alarm will be issued immediately, and both aircraft will be required to hover immediately. If two aircraft are flying in the same direction but are too close, a conflict risk warning will be issued immediately, and speed adjustment suggestions will be made to both aircraft.

[0109] It should be noted that the specific workflow of this method embodiment is described in the foregoing system embodiment section, and will not be repeated here.

[0110] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An aircraft performance based urban air traffic hub arrival and departure management system comprising a landing and take-off field, a communication module, a navigation module, a landing and take-off guidance module, a surveillance module and an intelligent processing module, the landing and take-off field comprising a plurality of landing and take-off points, the communication module enabling communication between the arrival and departure management system and an aircraft, characterized in that, The aircraft includes manned aircraft and unmanned aircraft in urban low-altitude air traffic scenarios; the navigation module is configured to provide the position of the take-off and landing point to the aircraft and improve the positioning accuracy of the aircraft; The take-off and landing guiding module is configured to guide the take-off and landing of the aircraft; The monitoring module is configured to obtain the information of the aircraft in and around the take-off and landing field by active monitoring and controlled monitoring, and to monitor the deviation from the approach and departure procedures and the illegal flight activities in real time; The intelligent processing module is configured to perform air channel planning, take-off and landing rule making, approach and departure management, approach and departure control, aircraft deviation channel monitoring, real-time conflict detection, and timely adjustment of approach and departure procedures; The take-off and landing rule is that the vertical take-off and landing channel is preferentially used by the rotorcraft, and the inclined take-off and landing channel is preferentially used by the fixed-wing aircraft; the intelligent processing module performs air channel planning, specifically: Planning the take-off and landing channel and the waiting channel in the airspace of the take-off and landing field; The take-off and landing channel is divided into a vertical take-off and landing channel and a plurality of inclined take-off and landing channels; the vertical take-off and landing channel extends vertically upward from the take-off and landing point until the top of the take-off and landing field airspace; the inclined take-off and landing channel extends linearly in any direction at a plurality of different inclination angles from the position directly above the take-off and landing point at a height H until the boundary of the take-off and landing field airspace; The waiting channel is divided into a vertical waiting channel and an inclined waiting channel; the vertical waiting channel is a space that surrounds the vertical take-off and landing channel with a safety interval distance on the outside, and the vertical waiting channel is adjacent to the vertical take-off and landing channel in space; the inclined waiting channel is a plurality of concentric circles with different radii drawn on a plurality of height layers, each circle is connected with the corresponding inclined take-off and landing channel, and the slopes of all inclined take-off and landing channels connected with the same circle are the same.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The intelligent processing module performs approach and departure management, specifically: Receiving the approach and departure reservation information sent by the aircraft to the take-off and landing field; the approach and departure reservation information includes the identity, model, expected arrival time, height, direction, optimal take-off and landing inclination angle, and parking time of the aircraft; Providing approach and departure procedure information based on the approach and departure reservation information, the planned take-off and landing channel, and the waiting channel; the approach and departure procedure information is used to guide the aircraft to perform landing and take-off actions, and the approach and departure procedure information is a 4D flight path of the landing / taking-off aircraft, which includes a plurality of 3D key path points and the time through the key path points; Providing real-time state information of the surrounding aircraft; During the approach of the aircraft, the real-time state information includes the identity, model, three-dimensional geographic coordinates, and flight speed of the aircraft; During the departure of the aircraft, the real-time state information includes the identity, model, three-dimensional geographic coordinates, flight speed, and flight intention of the aircraft.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein, The intelligent processing module performs approach and departure control, specifically: If the approach and departure procedure is executable, the landing path and the take-off path are planned for the aircraft; the landing path is that the aircraft flies horizontally at the current flight height to the nearest take-off and landing channel, and then lands on the take-off and landing point along the take-off and landing channel; the take-off path is that the aircraft climbs from the take-off and landing point along the take-off and landing channel to the planned flight height layer, and then flies away from the take-off and landing channel to the destination. If the take-off and landing point or airspace resource is occupied, the aircraft waiting for take-off stays in place, and the aircraft waiting for landing enters the waiting channel allocated by the system.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein, The intelligent processing module performs aircraft deviation channel monitoring, specifically: A plurality of monitoring cameras are installed around the take-off and landing point; one monitoring camera is located directly below the vertical take-off and landing channel, and a plurality of monitoring cameras are circularly distributed at the intersection of the reverse extension of the inclined take-off and landing channel and the ground; Image information is obtained through the plurality of monitoring cameras; According to the aircraft approach and departure channel planning signal and the image information, it is determined in real time whether the aircraft deviates from the take-off and landing channel; If the aircraft deviates from the take-off and landing channel, real-time alarm is given, and trajectory correction suggestions are given.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein, The intelligent processing module performs real-time conflict detection, specifically: For aircrafts in the same take-off and landing channel, if the flight directions of the two aircrafts are opposite, collision alarm is immediately given, and the two aircrafts are required to hover immediately; if the two aircrafts are in the same direction but too close, conflict risk warning is immediately given, and speed adjustment suggestions are given to the two aircrafts.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein, The floor of the take-off and landing point is designed in a movable mode.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein, The system also provides a short stay mode; in the short stay mode, the system plans the approach and departure route for the aircraft and the short stay time at the take-off and landing point.

8. A method for arrival and departure management of an urban air traffic hub based on aircraft performance, characterized in that, The method is applicable to the system as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: According to the performance difference of the aircraft, diversified take-off and landing channels and waiting channels are designed for the aircraft to use, so as to avoid congestion and collision; During the approach and departure of the aircraft, the optimal approach and departure procedure is formulated for the aircraft based on the take-off and landing channel and the waiting channel, and the take-off and landing guidance of the aircraft is realized based on the navigation module and the take-off and landing guidance module; During the approach and departure of the aircraft, the flight activities are monitored in real time based on the monitoring module, and the approach and departure procedure of the relevant aircraft is adjusted in real time in the case of serious deviation from the plan, so as to avoid conflict; During the approach and departure of the aircraft, the intelligent processing module realizes air channel planning, take-off and landing rule formulation, approach and departure management, approach and departure control, aircraft deviation channel monitoring, real-time conflict detection and timely adjustment of the approach and departure procedure; The intelligent processing module realizes air channel planning, specifically: Take-off and landing channels and waiting channels are planned in the airspace of the take-off and landing field; The take-off and landing channel is divided into a vertical take-off and landing channel and a plurality of inclined take-off and landing channels; the vertical take-off and landing channel extends vertically upward from the take-off and landing point until the top of the take-off and landing field airspace; the inclined take-off and landing channel extends in a straight line in any direction at a plurality of different inclination angles from the position directly above the take-off and landing point at a height H until the boundary of the take-off and landing field airspace; The waiting channel is divided into a vertical waiting channel and an inclined waiting channel; the vertical waiting channel is a space that surrounds the vertical take-off and landing channel with a safe interval distance on the outside, and the vertical waiting channel is adjacent to the vertical take-off and landing channel in space; the inclined waiting channel is a plurality of concentric circles with different radii drawn on a plurality of height layers, each circle is connected with the corresponding inclined take-off and landing channel, and the slopes of all inclined take-off and landing channels connected with the same circle are the same.

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