Self-powered heat energy recovery and cooling device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat energy recovery, in particular to a self-powered heat energy recovery and cooling device which comprises a transformer, a heat conduction box, an ammonia liquid supply box and a cold air cavity, the transformer and the heat conduction box conduct heat transfer through transformer oil, and the transformer comprises a transformer oil outlet end and a transformer oil inlet end. The outlet end of transformer oil contained in the transformer is connected with a heat conduction box oil inlet of the heat conduction box, and the inlet end of the transformer oil is connected with a heat conduction box oil outlet, so that circulating circulation of the transformer oil in the heat conduction box is achieved, and in the circulating circulation process, a pipeline between the heat conduction box oil inlet and the heat conduction box oil outlet makes contact with the generator through the pipeline. The transformer is connected with an ammonia liquid supply box through a pipeline, the ammonia liquid supply box comprises a concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank, a flow control valve and an absorber, and the concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank adjusts flow through the flow control valve to supply ammonia liquid to the generator. And finally, transformer oil cooling and transformer key component cooling can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat energy recovery, and in particular to a self-powered heat energy recovery and cooling device. Background Art

[0002] With the continued growth of energy consumption and increasing environmental pressure, improving energy efficiency, particularly heat recovery and utilization in industrial equipment, has become a hot topic in current research and development. Transformers, as crucial components in power systems, generate significant amounts of heat during long-term operation. Failure to effectively dissipate heat not only shortens the transformer's service life but can also lead to system failures. Therefore, efficiently recovering transformer heat and converting it into usable cooling air has become a critical issue that needs to be addressed in the power industry.

[0003] Traditional transformer cooling methods rely primarily on forced air cooling or oil cooling systems. While these methods can maintain transformer temperatures within safe ranges, they are energy-inefficient and fail to recycle heat. Air cooling systems require significant electrical energy to drive the fans, and their cooling effectiveness is easily affected by ambient temperature fluctuations. Oil cooling systems, on the other hand, can suffer from excessive oil temperatures, uneven cooling, and ineffectively utilize the heat released by the transformer, resulting in energy waste.

[0004] In recent years, research on heat recovery systems has emerged as an effective solution to transformer heat dissipation issues. By utilizing the heat released by the transformer to heat liquid ammonia, and then utilizing the evaporation and condensation of the ammonia to generate cooling air, this not only reduces system energy consumption but also effectively lowers the transformer's operating temperature, extending the equipment's lifespan. Ammonia cooling technology, with its excellent thermal conductivity and high thermal efficiency, has been widely used in refrigeration, air conditioning, and other fields, becoming a key tool for energy conservation and consumption reduction.

[0005] However, existing liquid ammonia-based heat recovery technologies are mostly limited to single applications or specific fields, and have yet to fully realize efficient heat energy utilization systems for power equipment (such as transformers). Against this backdrop, the design of a self-powered, low-cost, and highly efficient heat recovery and cooling device is particularly important. This device can efficiently recover heat generated by transformers and convert it into cold air through unpowered methods such as natural convection, thereby addressing the low energy efficiency and severe energy waste of existing cooling systems and presenting broad application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a self-powered heat recovery and cooling device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a self-powered heat recovery and cooling device, comprising a transformer, a thermal conduction box, an ammonia liquid supply box and a cold air cavity, characterized in that: the transformer and the thermal conduction box transfer heat through transformer oil, the transformer comprises a transformer oil outlet end and a transformer oil inlet end, the transformer oil outlet end contained in the transformer is connected to the thermal conduction box oil inlet of the thermal conduction box, and its inlet end is connected to the thermal conduction box oil outlet, so that the transformer oil circulates in the thermal conduction box.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the pipe between the heat transfer box oil inlet and the heat transfer box oil outlet contacts the generator through the pipe, thereby transferring the heat of the transformer oil to the generator, and the transformer is connected to the ammonia liquid supply tank through the pipe.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the ammonia liquid supply tank includes a concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank, a flow control valve and an absorber. The concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank supplies the ammonia liquid to the generator by adjusting the flow rate through the flow control valve. The flow of ammonia liquid between the concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank and the generator is driven by the temperature difference between the generator and the absorber without the need for an external power source.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, when the generator contacts the ammonia liquid, the generator uses the heat transferred by the transformer oil to heat the ammonia liquid, vaporizing the ammonia liquid, and the vaporized ammonia liquid flows into the absorber through the pipeline.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the absorber absorbs and controls the circulation of ammonia and heat, and flows into the cold air cavity through the pipeline. The circulation process of ammonia is completely driven by temperature difference and natural convection.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the cold air cavity includes an evaporator, a condenser and a ball valve. The condenser is installed on the side of the evaporator. The evaporator includes fins and a refrigerant pipe.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the ammonia gas enters the cold air cavity and is connected to the evaporator. The ammonia gas flows from the absorber into the evaporator, absorbs heat through heat exchange in this process, and is converted into cold air. The heat exchange efficiency is enhanced by fins and refrigerant pipes inside the evaporator. The refrigerant pipe is connected to the fins inside the evaporator, and the ammonia gas is transported through the pipe. The evaporation process of the ammonia gas is used for heat exchange to generate cold air.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the condenser is connected to the evaporator through a pipeline, receives ammonia gas from the absorber, and condenses it back into liquid form. The condensed liquid ammonia flows back to the concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank through the ball valve, completing the condensation process.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the ball valve is located between the condenser and the concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank to control the flow of condensed liquid ammonia to the concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank. By adjusting the ball valve, the reflux rate of liquid ammonia can be controlled to maintain the liquid ammonia balance in the system.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, a cold air transmission pipe is provided on one side of the cold air cavity, and the cold air is transported to the part of the transformer that needs to be cooled by natural convection.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: by combining transformer heat recovery and ammonia evaporative cooling, the present invention can efficiently recover the heat released by the transformer and convert it into cold air, greatly improving the utilization efficiency of thermal energy. Compared with the traditional cooling method that simply relies on air cooling or oil cooling, it can effectively reduce heat energy waste, convert the waste heat of the transformer into useful cold air, and achieve dual utilization of energy. In addition, the functions of transformer oil cooling, ammonia refrigeration, temperature regulation, and heat energy recovery are integrated into a compact system, reducing the redundant equipment and space occupation of each individual system. Compared with the traditional multi-system parallel working mode, the present invention saves space and cost through reasonable structural design and efficient heat exchange components, and improves the system integration and working efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0019] In the attached figure:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a self-powered heat recovery and cooling device proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat transfer box of a self-powered heat recovery and cooling device proposed by the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1 transformer, 2 heat transfer box, 3 heat transfer box oil inlet, 4 heat transfer box oil outlet, 5 generator, 6 ammonia liquid supply tank, 7 concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank, 8 flow control valve, 9 absorber, 10 cold air cavity, 11 evaporator, 12 fins, 13 refrigerant pipeline, 14 condenser, 15 ball valve, 16 cold air transmission pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 : A self-powered heat energy recovery and cooling device includes a transformer 1, a heat conducting box 2, an ammonia liquid supply box 6 and a cold air cavity 10. The transformer 1 and the heat conducting box 2 transfer heat through transformer oil. The transformer 1 includes a transformer oil outlet and a transformer oil inlet (not shown in the figure). The transformer oil outlet included in the transformer 1 is connected to the heat conducting box oil inlet 3 of the heat conducting box 2, and its inlet end is connected to the heat conducting box oil outlet 4, thereby realizing the circulation of transformer oil in the heat conducting box 2. During the circulation process, the pipeline between the heat conducting box oil inlet 3 and the heat conducting box oil outlet 4 is in contact with the generator 5 across the pipeline, thereby transferring the heat of the transformer oil to the generator 5. The transformer 5 is connected to the ammonia liquid supply box 6 through a pipeline. The ammonia liquid supply box 6 includes a concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank 7, a flow control valve 8 and an absorber 9. The concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank 7 adjusts the flow through the flow control valve 8 to supply ammonia liquid to the generator 5. When generator 5 comes into contact with liquid ammonia, it uses the heat transferred from the transformer oil to heat the liquid ammonia, causing it to vaporize. The vaporized liquid ammonia then flows through a pipeline to absorber 9, which absorbs and controls the circulation of ammonia and heat. Absorber 9 contains a multi-stage heat exchanger, with the temperature controlled between 20°C and 50°C. The ammonia then flows through a pipeline into the cold air chamber 10.

[0025] The cooling chamber 10 includes an evaporator 11, a condenser 14, and a ball valve 15. The condenser 14 is mounted on the side of the evaporator 11. The evaporator 11 includes fins 12 and a refrigerant pipe 13. Ammonia gas enters the cooling chamber 10 and connects to the evaporator 11. Ammonia gas flows from the absorber into the evaporator, where it absorbs heat through heat exchange and is converted into cooling air. Fins 12 and refrigerant pipe 13 enhance heat exchange efficiency within the evaporator. The refrigerant pipe 13 is connected to the fins 12 inside the evaporator 11, transporting ammonia gas through the pipe. The evaporation process of the ammonia gas is used for heat exchange, generating cooling air.

[0026] The condenser 14 is connected to the evaporator 11 through a pipeline, receives the ammonia gas from the absorber, and condenses it back into liquid form. The condensed liquid ammonia flows back to the concentrated ammonia storage tank 7 through the ball valve 15, completing the condensation process.

[0027] Ball valve 15, located between the condenser and concentrated ammonia storage tank 7, controls the flow of condensed liquid ammonia to the concentrated ammonia storage tank. Adjusting the ball valve controls the return flow of liquid ammonia, maintaining a balanced ammonia system. Finally, cold air is delivered to the transformer's cooling areas by natural convection through cold air delivery pipe 16.

[0028] When the device is in use, transformer 1 is connected to the power grid and begins normal operation, generating electricity and converting it into heat. At this point, the transformer begins releasing heat, which is transferred through transformer oil 3 to the heat transfer box 2. Heat is then conducted to the generator 5 via the pipeline between the heat transfer box oil inlet 3 and the heat transfer box oil outlet 4. At this point, the ammonia supply tank 6 is ready to store concentrated ammonia, and the concentrated ammonia pipeline is connected to the generator. Flow control valve 8 is normally closed to prevent excessive ammonia from flowing into the generator. During startup, flow control valve 8 gradually opens, allowing ammonia to flow into the generator 5. The ammonia absorbs heat from the transformer oil and heats up in the generator 5. The heated ammonia in the generator 5 begins to evaporate, absorbing heat and transforming into a gas. The ammonia then flows to the absorber 9, where it absorbs the ammonia and maintains the gas-liquid equilibrium in the system. This heat absorption process in the absorber also provides cooling for the entire system. Ammonia enters the evaporator 11 from the absorber and begins to evaporate and cool. During the evaporation process, the heat released by the ammonia is exchanged with the air through the fins 12 and refrigerant pipes 13 inside the evaporator, generating cold air.

[0029] Cold air cavity 10 begins to accumulate cold air generated by the evaporator. This accumulated cold air is then transferred to the areas of transformer 1 that require cooling via natural convection. The cold air within cavity 10 is generated during the heat exchange process at evaporator 11. Due to its lower temperature and higher density, this cold air creates a temperature difference with the hot air surrounding the transformer. As the cold air enters the area of ​​the transformer that requires cooling through cold air transfer pipe 16 on one side of cavity 10, the surrounding air temperature rises due to the heat released by transformer 1, reducing the density of the hot air. This causes the cold air to spontaneously flow toward the transformer surface for heat exchange. During this process, the cold air absorbs heat from the transformer surface, gradually increasing its temperature and flowing around the transformer, removing heat and thus reducing its temperature. As the cold air's temperature increases, its density decreases, slowing its flow and causing it to rise. The heated air surrounding the transformer, due to its reduced density, rises upward. As this process continues, the hot air rises and is replaced by the cold air, forming a spontaneous convection cycle. The cold air continuously takes away the heat from the transformer and keeps the surface temperature of the transformer within a reasonable range through the circulation process of natural convection.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-powered heat recovery and cooling device, comprising a transformer (1), a heat transfer box (2), an ammonia liquid supply box (6) and a cold air chamber (10), characterized in that: The transformer (1) and the heat transfer box (2) transfer heat via transformer oil. The transformer (1) comprises a transformer oil outlet and a transformer oil inlet. The transformer oil outlet contained in the transformer (1) is connected to a heat transfer box oil inlet (3) of the heat transfer box (2), and the inlet is connected to a heat transfer box oil outlet (4), so that the transformer oil circulates in the heat transfer box (2).

2. A self-powered heat recovery and cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline between the heat transfer box oil inlet (3) and the heat transfer box oil outlet (4) contacts the generator (5) through the pipeline, thereby transferring the heat of the transformer oil to the generator (5). The transformer (5) is connected to the ammonia liquid supply tank (6) through the pipeline.

3. A self-powered heat recovery and cooling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ammonia liquid supply tank (6) includes a concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank (7), a flow control valve (8) and an absorber (9). The flow of ammonia liquid between the concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank (7) and the generator (5) is driven by the temperature difference between the generator (5) and the absorber (9) without the need for an external power source.

4. A self-powered heat recovery and cooling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the generator (5) contacts the ammonia liquid, the generator (5) uses the heat transferred by the transformer oil to heat the ammonia liquid, thereby vaporizing the ammonia liquid, and the vaporized ammonia liquid flows into the absorber (9) through a pipeline.

5. A self-powered heat recovery and cooling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The absorber (9) absorbs and controls the circulation of ammonia and heat, and flows into the cold air chamber (10) through the pipeline. The circulation process of ammonia is completely driven by temperature difference and natural convection.

6. A self-powered heat recovery and cooling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cold air chamber (10) includes an evaporator (11), a condenser (14) and a ball valve (15); the condenser (14) is installed on the side of the evaporator (11); and the evaporator (11) includes fins (12) and a refrigerant pipe (13).

7. The self-powered heat recovery and cooling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the ammonia enters the cold air chamber (10), it is connected to the evaporator (11). The ammonia flows from the absorber (9) into the evaporator (11). During this process, the ammonia absorbs heat through heat exchange and is converted into cold air. The heat exchange efficiency is enhanced inside the evaporator through fins (12) and refrigerant pipes (13). The refrigerant pipes (13) are connected to the fins (12) inside the evaporator (11), and the ammonia is transported through the pipe. The evaporation process of the ammonia is used to perform heat exchange to generate cold air.

8. The self-powered heat recovery and cooling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The condenser (14) is connected to the evaporator (11) through a pipeline, receives ammonia gas from the absorber, and condenses it back into liquid form. The condensed liquid ammonia flows back to the concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank (7) through a ball valve (15), completing the condensation process.

9. A self-powered heat recovery and cooling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ball valve (15) is located between the condenser and the concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank (7) to control the condensed liquid ammonia to flow to the concentrated ammonia liquid storage tank. By adjusting the ball valve, the reflux amount of liquid ammonia can be controlled to maintain the liquid ammonia balance in the system.

10. The self-powered heat recovery and cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cold air transmission pipe (16) is provided on one side of the cold air cavity (10), and the cold air is transported to the part of the transformer (1) that needs cooling by natural convection. The flow of the cold air is completely driven by the temperature difference in the cold air cavity, and no external electric power or mechanical drive is required.

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