Antenna module and electronic equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an antenna module and electronic equipment, relates to the technical field of antennas, and improves the isolation degree between antenna pairs. According to the specific scheme, a plurality of magnetic resonance structures are arranged in the magnetic field direction of the same-frequency antenna pair at intervals. And a plurality of electric resonance structures are arranged at intervals in the electric field direction of the antenna pair. The magnetic resonance structure comprises a conducting strip electrically connected with the stratum, and the electric resonance structure comprises a resonance ring electrically isolated from the stratum and a wire. The magnetic resonance structure and the electric resonance structure are favorable for improving antenna gain and have weak influence on radiation efficiency, in addition, the size of the antenna pair is reduced while the better communication quality of the antenna pair is ensured, and the millimeter wave antenna is miniaturized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to an antenna module and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Millimeter wave (mmW) technology has many applications in 5G communications due to its large bandwidth, which can provide huge communication capacity. In addition, due to its high directional and diffraction-free characteristics, it also has great applications in the detection field.

[0003] Among them, whether it is an ordinary millimeter wave antenna (for example, a radar antenna) or a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) millimeter wave communication antenna, both use a transmitting antenna (transmitter, TX) to transmit electromagnetic waves carrying codes, which are radiated to objects through space. Due to the electromagnetic characteristics of the object itself, scattered waves are transmitted to the receiving antenna (receiver, RX) position, and the target can be detected through signal processing. As a key part of transmitting and receiving low-frequency electromagnetic wave modulation signals, the millimeter wave antenna unit is naturally the focus of research.

[0004] However, in a millimeter wave antenna system, the spacing between antennas is small, and how to improve the isolation between antennas becomes a problem that must be solved to achieve the miniaturization of the millimeter wave antenna system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna module and an electronic device, which effectively improve the isolation between two antennas.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, this application adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna module, which includes a stratum, a plurality of first isolation structures, a plurality of second isolation structures, a first antenna and a second antenna with the same working frequency band. The first antenna includes a first feeder and a first radiator; the first feeder is coupled to the edge of the first radiator; the second antenna includes a second feeder and a second radiator; the second feeder is connected to the edge of the second radiator; the first radiator and the second radiator are stacked and spaced with the stratum respectively. A plurality of first isolation structures are spaced on one side of the first radiator and the second radiator; a plurality of the first isolation structures are spaced along a first direction; the first isolation structure includes a first conductive sheet stacked and electrically connected with the stratum; the first direction is parallel to the line connecting the center of the first radiator and the vertical projection of the first feeder on the first radiator. A plurality of second isolation structures are arranged on one side of the first radiator and the second radiator; a plurality of the second isolation structures are spaced along a second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The second isolation structure includes a wire and a first open resonant ring, both of which are electrically isolated from the stratum, and the opening of the first open resonant ring is away from the stratum; the wire and the first open resonant ring are parallel to the second direction, and the wires of two adjacent second isolation structures are electrically connected. Because the first direction is parallel to the center of the first radiator and the vertical projection of the first feeder on the first radiator, the first direction is parallel to the polarization direction of the first antenna and the E plane, and the second direction is parallel to the H plane. A plurality of first conductive sheets are arranged along the polarization direction, and the plurality of first conductive sheets will achieve band rejection in the E plane of the first antenna. A plurality of second isolation structures are arranged along the second direction, and band rejection is achieved in the H plane of the first antenna. The resonance generated by the coupling of the first isolation structure and the second isolation structure can generate isolation in the working frequency band of the first antenna and the second antenna. Improving the isolation of the two antennas is conducive to reducing the distance between the two antennas and miniaturizing the antenna module.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the center frequency of the first antenna is F0, the resonant center frequency of the plurality of first isolation structures is F1, and the resonant center frequency of the plurality of second isolation structures is F2; ​​wherein 1 / 2F1≤F0<3 / 2F1, 1 / 2F2≤F0<3 / 2F2. In this way, the plurality of first isolation structures and the plurality of second isolation structures generate an isolation pit near the operating frequency of the first antenna 21, so that the two antennas have excellent isolation.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the first isolation structure further includes a first conductive column, one end of the first conductive column is electrically connected to the stratum, and the other end is electrically connected to the first conductive sheet, and the vertical projection of the first conductive column on the first conductive sheet is located within the first conductive sheet. In this way, the first isolation structure including the first conductive column and the first conductive sheet realizes band rejection in the E plane of the first antenna.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the vertical projection of the first conductive column on the first conductive sheet covers the center of the first conductive sheet. Thus, the current distribution in all directions on the first conductive sheet is uniform, making the band-stop characteristics of the first isolation structure in the E-plane of the first antenna more obvious, thereby improving the isolation performance of the first isolation structure for signals.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the first isolation structure further includes a second conductive sheet, the second conductive sheet is located on a side of the first conductive sheet away from the stratum, the second conductive sheet is spaced apart from the first conductive sheet, and the vertical projection of the first conductive column on the second conductive sheet is located within the second conductive sheet. Thus, the provision of the second conductive sheet can improve the band-stop characteristics of the first isolation structure, and further enhance the isolation characteristics of the first isolation structure.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the first isolation structure further includes a second conductive column, and opposite ends of the second conductive column are electrically connected to the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet, respectively. Thus, the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet are electrically connected, and when the first conductive sheets have the same size along the first direction, the isolation performance of the first isolation structure can be improved.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the vertical projection of the second conductive column on the second conductive sheet covers the center of the second conductive sheet. Thus, the current distribution in all directions on the second conductive sheet is uniform, making the band-stop characteristics of the first isolation structure in the E-plane of the first antenna more obvious, thereby improving the isolation performance of the first isolation structure for signals.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the first split resonant ring is located between the conductor and the stratum, away from the surface of the stratum. In this way, the size of the second isolation structure along the first direction and the second direction can be reduced.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the surface of the first split resonant ring away from the stratum is coplanar with the wire, or the wire is located between the surface of the first split resonant ring away from the stratum and the stratum. In this way, the size of the second isolation structure along the stratum thickness direction can be reduced.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the surface of the first open resonant ring facing the formation is coplanar with the formation, so that the size of the second isolation structure along the formation thickness direction can be reduced.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable methods, the second isolation structure further includes: a second open resonant ring. The second open resonant ring is parallel to the second direction, and the opening of the second open resonant ring faces the stratum; the conductive wire, the second open resonant ring, the first open resonant ring and the stratum are electrically isolated from each other. The second open resonant ring and the first open resonant ring are arranged at intervals along the first direction, or the first open resonant ring is arranged on the periphery of the second open resonant ring. Thus, the setting of the second open resonant ring can increase the factor of changing the resonant frequency of the second isolation structure, so that the resonant frequency of multiple second isolation structures is near the center frequency of the first antenna, thereby improving the isolation of the two antennas.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the dimension of the first conductive sheet along the first direction is 0.055a to 3.5a, where a is the maximum dimension of the first radiator along the first direction. Thus, the first isolation structure generates a band stop near the center frequency of the first antenna, so that the first antenna and the second antenna have better isolation.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the distance between two adjacent first conductive sheets along the first direction is ≤0.25a, ​​where a is the maximum size of the first radiator along the first direction. Thus, the coupling between the two adjacent first isolation structures is stronger, so that the first antenna and the second antenna have better isolation. Conversely, if the distance between the two adjacent first conductive sheets along the first direction is larger, for example, greater than 0.25a, ​​the isolation effect will be poor due to the weak coupling between the two adjacent first isolation structures.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable ways, the distance between the two opposite ends of the first open resonant ring along the second direction is 0.055a to 0.75a, where a is the maximum size of the first radiator along the first direction. Thus, even if the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna along the first direction is small, the second isolation structure can achieve excellent isolation. This provides more options for the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna along the first direction, and is applicable to more scenarios.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the distance between two adjacent first open resonant rings along the second direction is ≤0.25a, ​​where a is the maximum size of the first radiator along the first direction. Thus, the two adjacent first open resonant rings are well coupled, and the resonant frequency formed by the plurality of second isolation structures has high isolation performance for the two antennas.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable embodiments, the maximum dimension of the first radiator along the first direction is a, wherein a is 0.2λ to 0.9λ, and λ is the wavelength in vacuum corresponding to the resonance frequency of the first antenna.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable methods, the line connecting the center of the second radiator and the vertical projection of the second feed portion on the second radiator is parallel to the first direction. Thus, the polarization direction of the second antenna is parallel to the polarization direction of the first antenna, and the first antenna and the second antenna have the same polarization, which is beneficial to improving the gain of the first antenna and the second antenna. In addition, the first isolation structure and the second isolation structure significantly improve the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the first feeder is located on a side of the first radiator away from the second radiator; the second feeder is located on a side of the second radiator away from the first radiator. Thus, the first feeder and the second feeder are arranged opposite to each other, and the physical distance between the first feeder and the second feeder is relatively large, which is conducive to improving the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in some feasible methods, the first radiator and the second radiator are both sheet-like structures, the first direction and the second direction are both parallel to the plane where the sheet-like structure is located, the first isolation structure is arranged on one side of the sheet-like structure along the second direction, and the second isolation structure is arranged on one side of the sheet-like structure along the first direction.

[0026] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna module. The antenna module includes a stratum, a plurality of first isolation structures, a plurality of second isolation structures, a first antenna and a second antenna with the same working frequency band. The first antenna includes a first feeder and a first radiator; the first feeder is coupled to the edge of the first radiator; the second antenna includes a second feeder and a second radiator; the second feeder is coupled to the edge of the second radiator; the first radiator and the second radiator are stacked and spaced with the stratum respectively. A plurality of first isolation structures are spaced on one side of the first radiator and the second radiator. A plurality of the first isolation structures are spaced along a first direction; the first isolation structure includes a first conductive sheet electrically connected to the stratum; the first direction is parallel to a line connecting the center of the first radiator and the vertical projection of the first feeder on the first radiator. A plurality of second isolation structures are spaced on one side of the first radiator and the second radiator. A plurality of the second isolation structures are spaced along a second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The second isolation structure includes a first electrical connector, a second electrical connector, a first conductive segment, and a second conductive segment; the opposite ends of the first electrical connector are electrically connected to the stratum and the first conductive segment respectively; the opposite ends of the second electrical connector are electrically connected to the stratum and the second conductive segment respectively; the first conductive segment and the second conductive segment both extend along the second direction and are located between the plane where the first electrical connector is located and the plane where the second electrical connector is located. Thus, a plurality of first conductive sheets are arranged along the polarization direction, and the plurality of first conductive sheets will achieve band rejection in the E plane of the first antenna. The plurality of second isolation structures arranged along the second direction achieve band rejection in the H plane of the first antenna. The resonance generated by the coupling of the first isolation structure and the second isolation structure can generate isolation in the working frequency bands of the first antenna and the second antenna. Improving the isolation between the two antennas is conducive to reducing the distance between the two antennas and miniaturizing the antenna module.

[0027] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some achievable manners, the first conductive segment and the second conductive segment are spaced apart along the second direction, thereby reducing the size of the second isolation structure along the first direction.

[0028] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some achievable manners, the first conductive segment and the second conductive segment are spaced apart along the first direction, thereby reducing the size of the second isolation structure along the second direction.

[0029] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some achievable manners, the distance between the first electrical connector and the second electrical connector along the second direction is 0.27a to 3.5a, where a is the maximum dimension of the first radiator along the first direction. In this way, the resonant frequency of the plurality of second isolation structures 30 is near the operating frequency of the first antenna, and the isolation is improved within the operating frequency band of the first antenna.

[0030] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some achievable manners, the distance between two adjacent second isolation structures along the second direction is ≤0.5a, where a is the maximum size of the first antenna along the first direction. Thus, the distance between two adjacent second isolation structures along the second direction is within the aforementioned range, which can improve the coupling between the two adjacent second isolation structures, improve the isolation between the two antennas, and improve the integration of the millimeter wave antenna, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the millimeter wave antenna.

[0031] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna module. The antenna module includes a stratum, a plurality of first isolation structures, a plurality of second isolation structures, a first antenna and a second antenna with the same working frequency band. The first antenna and the second antenna are both connected to the stratum. A plurality of first isolation structures are all connected to the stratum and are arranged on one side of the first antenna and the second antenna. A plurality of the first isolation structures are spaced apart along the first direction. A plurality of second isolation structures are all connected to the stratum, spaced apart along the second direction, and are arranged on one side of the first antenna and the second antenna, the first direction being parallel to the polarization direction of the antenna, and the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. In this way, the first isolation structure and the second isolation structure are coupled to produce a band-stop characteristic, providing excellent isolation for the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0032] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some achievable ways, the center frequency of the first antenna is F0, the resonant center frequency of the plurality of first isolation structures is F1, and the resonant center frequency of the plurality of second isolation structures is F2; ​​wherein 1 / 2F1≤F0<3 / 2F1, 1 / 2F2≤F0<3 / 2F2. In this way, the plurality of first isolation structures and the plurality of second isolation structures generate an isolation pit near the operating frequency of the first antenna 21, so that the two antennas have excellent isolation.

[0033] In combination with the third aspect, in some feasible embodiments, the first isolation structure includes a first conductive column and a first conductive sheet, and the stratum, the first conductive column and the first conductive sheet are stacked in sequence, one end of the first conductive column is grounded to the stratum, and the other end is electrically connected to the first conductive sheet, and the vertical projection of the first conductive column on the first conductive sheet is located within the first conductive sheet.

[0034] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some achievable ways, the second isolation structure includes a wire and a first open resonant ring, both of which are electrically isolated from the stratum. The opening of the first open resonant ring faces away from the stratum; the wire and the first open resonant ring are both parallel to the second direction, and the wires of two adjacent second isolation structures are connected.

[0035] In combination with the third aspect, in some feasible embodiments, the second isolation structure includes a first electrical connector, a second electrical connector, a first conductive segment and a second conductive segment; the opposite ends of the first electrical connector are respectively electrically connected to the formation and the first conductive segment; the opposite ends of the second electrical connector are respectively electrically connected to the formation and the second conductive segment; the first conductive segment and the second conductive segment both extend along the second direction and are located between the plane where the first electrical connector is located and the plane where the second electrical connector is located.

[0036] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna module. The antenna module includes a floor, a low-frequency antenna, a high-frequency antenna, and a plurality of isolation components. The low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna are both connected to the floor, and the center frequency of the low-frequency antenna is less than the center frequency of the high-frequency antenna. The isolation component includes a conductive strip and a first conductive column, the floor, the first conductive column, and the conductive strip are stacked, and a plurality of the conductive strips are spaced along the periphery of the high-frequency antenna, one end of the first conductive column is electrically connected to the floor, and the other end is electrically connected to the conductive ring. As a result, the resonance generated by the plurality of isolation components surrounding the high-frequency antenna can produce efficiency and gain pits in the working frequency band of the low-frequency antenna, thereby improving the isolation between the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna with different center frequencies.

[0037] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some achievable methods, the antenna module further includes: a plurality of second conductive posts and a conductive ring arranged around the low-frequency antenna, the conductive ring and the floor are stacked, and the conductive ring is connected end to end; one end of the second conductive post is electrically connected to the floor, and the other end is electrically connected to the second conductive post. Thus, the resonance generated by the conductive ring and the second conductive post arranged around the low-frequency antenna can generate an enclosed cavity in the working frequency band of the high-frequency antenna, thereby improving the isolation between the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna with different center frequencies.

[0038] In combination with the fourth aspect, in some achievable embodiments, the first conductive column is electrically connected to the center of the conductive strip.

[0039] In combination with the fourth aspect, in some achievable methods, the length of the conductive strip is 0.3λ to 0.7λ, where λ is the wavelength in vacuum corresponding to the notch isolation frequency point of the low-frequency antenna.

[0040] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes: a printed circuit board and any one of the antenna modules provided in the first, second, third and fourth aspects, wherein the ground layer is grounded to the printed circuit board. Because the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna module have excellent isolation, the antenna module can have excellent communication performance while being miniaturized, and the electronic device also has the advantages of being miniaturized and having good communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a smart home system.

[0042] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device.

[0043] Figure 3a This is an architecture diagram of an antenna perception system.

[0044] Figure 3b The figure is a communication architecture diagram of an antenna.

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first antenna, the second antenna and the ground layer.

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna module provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Figure 6a A structural schematic diagram of a first isolation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 6b A schematic structural diagram of another first isolation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 6c A structural schematic diagram of another first isolation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Figure 6d A structural schematic diagram of another first isolation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Figure 7a for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the second isolation structure and the formation is shown.

[0052] Figure 7b A schematic structural diagram of another second isolation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0053] Figure 7c A structural schematic diagram of another second isolation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of another antenna module provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Figure 9a A structural schematic diagram of another second isolation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Figure 9b A schematic structural diagram of yet another second isolation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Fig.9cA schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array.

[0058] Fig.10a This is the S11 parameter curve of the antenna module.

[0059] Fig.10b This is the S21 parameter curve of the antenna module.

[0060] Fig.10c This is the gain curve of the antenna module.

[0061] Fig.10d This is the radiation efficiency curve of the antenna module.

[0062] Fig.10e This is the antenna radiation pattern of the antenna pair of the first comparison example.

[0063] Fig.10f The antenna pattern of the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0064] Fig.11a A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna module provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0065] Fig.11b A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna module provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0066] Fig.12a for Fig.11a The reflection curve of the low-frequency antenna in the antenna module shown.

[0067] Figure 12b for Fig.11a The reflection curve of the high-frequency antenna in the antenna module shown.

[0068] Fig.12c for Fig.11a The isolation curve of the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna in the antenna module shown.

[0069] In the figure: 001-user; 002-smart home; 10-electronic device; 11-cover; 12-display; 13-printed circuit board; 14-middle frame; 15-back cover; 21-first antenna; 22-second antenna; 211-first feeder; 212-first radiator; 213-microstrip line; 221-second feeder; 222-second radiator; 100-antenna module; 110-ground layer; 120-first isolation structure; 121-first conductive sheet; 122-first conductive column; 123-second conductive sheet; 124-second conductive column; 101-gap; 130-second isolation structure; 131-conducting wire; 132-first opening - resonant ring; 133-first opening; 134-second open resonant ring; 135-second opening; 201-first dielectric layer; 202-second dielectric layer; 203-third dielectric layer; 136-first electrical connector; 137-second electrical connector; 138-first conductive segment; 139-second conductive segment; 200-antenna module; 210-floor; 220-low frequency antenna; 230-high frequency antenna; 240-isolation component; 241-conductive strip; 242-first conductive column; 251-second conductive column; 252-conductive ring; 351-radiation patch; 243-first metal wire; 244-second metal wire; 245-metal via. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0071] In the following, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0072] In addition, in the present application, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" are defined relative to the orientation of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, and they can change accordingly according to the changes in the orientation of the components in the drawings.

[0073] Antenna return loss: It can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit to the transmit power of the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0074] Antenna return loss can be expressed by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, which can characterize the quality of the antenna transmission efficiency.

[0075] In some embodiments, the S11 diagram can be understood as a schematic diagram for representing the resonance generated by the antenna. In some embodiments, the resonance shown in the S11 diagram in the portion less than -4dB can be understood as the resonant frequency range generated by the antenna. The S11 parameter is usually a negative number. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss and the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, which means that more energy actually enters the antenna and the higher the system efficiency of the antenna; the larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna.

[0076] Communication frequency band / working frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always works within a certain frequency range (band width). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 frequency band has a working frequency band that includes frequencies within the range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the working frequency band of the antenna includes the B40 frequency band.

[0077] The resonant frequency range or resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same, or may partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna may cover one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0078] It should be noted that in engineering, the S11 value is generally -4dB as the standard. When the S11 value of the antenna is less than -4dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or the transmission efficiency of the antenna is good. It should be understood that in engineering, the S11 value can also be generally -6dB as the standard. When the S11 value of the antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or the transmission efficiency of the antenna is good.

[0079] Isolation: refers to the ratio of the signal received by another antenna when an antenna transmits a signal to the signal of the transmitting antenna. Isolation is a physical quantity used to measure the degree of antenna mutual coupling. Assuming that the two antennas form a two-port network, the isolation between the two antennas is the S21 and S12 between the antennas. Antenna isolation can be represented by the S21 and S12 parameters. The S21 and S12 parameters are usually negative numbers. The smaller the S21 and S12 parameters are, the greater the isolation between the antennas and the smaller the degree of antenna mutual coupling; the larger the S21 and S12 parameters are, the smaller the isolation between the antennas and the greater the degree of antenna mutual coupling. The isolation of the antenna depends on the antenna radiation pattern, the spatial distance between the antennas, the antenna gain, etc.

[0080] Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, and "coupled connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "electrical connection", which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the connection between different components in the circuit structure through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts to form an equivalent capacitor.

[0081] Radiator: It is a device in the antenna used to receive / send electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the "antenna" in a narrow sense is understood as a radiator, which converts the waveguide energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into waveguide energy, which is used to radiate and receive radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or waveguide energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via the feeder line, and is converted into a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy by the radiator and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy from a specific direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is transmitted to the receiver input via the feeder line.

[0082] The radiator can be a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a linear or sheet-like shape, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be simply referred to as a linear antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be implemented by a conductive frame, which can also be called a frame antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be implemented by a bracket conductor, which can also be called a bracket antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator, or the radiator of the linear antenna, is an antenna composed of one or more metal wires whose wire diameter (for example, including thickness and width) is much smaller than the wavelength and whose length is comparable to the wavelength. The main forms of linear antennas are dipole antennas, half-wave dipole antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, inverted F antennas (also known as IFA, Inverted F Antenna), and planar inverted F antennas (also known as PIFA, Planar Inverted F Antenna). For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna generally includes two radiating branches, and each branch is fed by a feeding unit from the feeding end of the radiating branch. For example, an inverted-F antenna (IFA) can be regarded as a monopole antenna with a ground path added. The IFA antenna has a feeding point and a grounding point, and is called an inverted-F antenna because its side view is an inverted F shape. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a microstrip antenna, or a patch antenna. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may be implemented by a conductive / metal sheet, such as a copper sheet. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may be implemented by a conductive coating, such as a silver paste antenna. The shapes of the sheet radiators include circular, rectangular, annular, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. The structure of a microstrip antenna generally consists of a dielectric substrate, a radiator and a floor, wherein the dielectric substrate is arranged between the radiator and the floor.

[0083] The radiator may also include a slot or a slit formed on the conductor. For example, an antenna formed by a slit on the surface of a conductor may also be referred to as a slot antenna or a slot antenna. In some embodiments, the slot is in the shape of an elongated strip. In some embodiments, the length of the slot is approximately half a wavelength. In some embodiments, the slot may be fed by a transmission line spanning one or both sides thereof, or by a waveguide or a resonant cavity. A radio frequency electromagnetic field is excited on the slot, and electromagnetic waves are radiated into space. In one embodiment, a slot antenna or a slot antenna may include a linear radiator, which is spaced apart from the floor and grounded at both ends of the radiator, thereby forming a slot or a slit.

[0084] The feed section is a combination of all components of the antenna for the purpose of receiving and transmitting radio frequency waves. In the case of a receiving antenna, the feed section can be considered as the part of the antenna from the first amplifier to the front-end transmitter. In a transmitting antenna, the feed section can be considered as the part after the last power amplifier. In some cases, the "feed section" is understood in a narrow sense as the RF chip, or the transmission path from the RF chip to the radiator or the feeding point on the transmission line. The feed unit has the function of converting radio waves into electrical signals and sending them to the receiver component. Generally, it is considered to be a part of the antenna that converts radio waves into electrical signals and vice versa. The antenna should be designed with maximum power transfer possibilities and efficiency in mind. To do this, the antenna feed impedance must be matched to the load resistance. The antenna feed impedance is a combination of resistance, capacitance and inductance. To ensure maximum power transfer conditions, the two impedances (load resistance and feed impedance) should be matched. Matching can be done by considering frequency requirements and design parameters of the antenna such as gain, directivity and radiation efficiency.

[0085] Antenna pattern: also called radiation pattern. It refers to the graph of the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna radiation field changing with direction at a certain distance from the low-frequency antenna. It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane patterns in the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna.

[0086] Antenna radiation patterns usually have multiple radiation beams. The radiation beam with the strongest radiation intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining radiation beams are called side lobes or side lobes. Among the side lobes, the side lobe in the opposite direction of the main lobe is also called the back lobe.

[0087] Radiation efficiency: refers to the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna into space (i.e. the power of the electromagnetic wave part that is effectively converted) to the active power input to the antenna. Among them, the active power input to the antenna = the input power of the antenna - the loss power; the loss power mainly includes the return loss power and the ohmic loss power of the metal and / or the dielectric loss power. Metal loss and dielectric loss are both factors that affect radiation efficiency.

[0088] Those skilled in the art can understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between efficiency and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0089] dB: decibel, a logarithmic concept with ten as the base. Decibel is only used to evaluate the proportional relationship between one physical quantity and another physical quantity, and it itself has no physical dimension. For every 10-fold increase in the ratio between two quantities, their difference can be expressed as 10 decibels. For example: A = "100", B = "10", C = "5", D = "1", then, A / D = 20dB; B / D = 10dB; C / D = 7dB; B / C = 3dB. In other words, a difference of 10 decibels between two quantities is a difference of 10 times, a difference of 20 decibels is a difference of 100 times, and so on. A difference of 3dB is a difference of 2 times between the two quantities.

[0090] dBi: Usually mentioned together with dBd. dBi and dBd are units of power gain, both are relative values, but with different reference standards. The reference standard for dBi is the omnidirectional antenna; the reference standard for dBd is the dipole. It is generally believed that dBi and dBd represent the same gain, and the value expressed in dBi is 2.15dBi larger than that expressed in dBd. For example: for an antenna with a gain of 16dBd, when its gain is converted into units of dBi, it is 18.15dBi. Generally, the decimal places are ignored and it is 18dBi.

[0091] Reference ground (also called floor): can be formed by a single layer or multiple layers in a circuit board. The circuit board can be a printed circuit board, such as an 8-layer, 10-layer or 12 to 14-layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13 or 14 layers of conductive material, or an element separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as fiberglass, polymer, etc. The circuit board usually includes a dielectric substrate, a floor and a routing layer, and the routing layer / conductive layer is electrically connected through vias and can constitute the floor as a whole. Components such as displays, touch screens, input buttons, transmitters, processors, memories, batteries, charging circuits, system on chip (SoC) structures, etc. can be mounted on or connected to the circuit board; or electrically connected to the routing layer / conductive layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source is connected to the routing layer. The floor is made of conductive material. The conductive material may be any of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, a graphite-coated substrate, a copper-plated substrate, a brass-plated substrate and an aluminum-plated substrate. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the floor may also be made of other conductive materials. The floor may also be a metal film under the screen of an electronic device (such as a mobile phone).

[0092] Polarization: The polarization direction of the antenna unit refers to the direction of the electric field vector of the electromagnetic wave in the maximum radiation direction of the antenna unit. Common antenna unit polarization modes include vertical polarization, horizontal polarization, elliptical polarization, circular polarization, etc. If the electric field direction is horizontal to the ground during the propagation of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit, the polarization mode of the antenna unit is horizontal polarization; if the electric field direction remains parallel to the ground during the propagation of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit, the polarization mode of the antenna unit is horizontal polarization; if the electric field direction remains perpendicular to the ground during the propagation of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit, the polarization mode of the antenna unit is horizontal vertical; if the trajectory of the electric field vector end over time during the propagation of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna unit is an ellipse, the polarization mode of the antenna unit is elliptical.

[0093] Electric Plane (E-Plane): Also known as the E-plane, for linearly polarized antennas, the electric plane is the plane containing the electric field vector (also known as the E aperture) and the direction of maximum radiation. The electric field or "E" plane determines the polarization or direction of the radio waves. For vertically polarized antennas, the E-plane usually coincides with the vertical / elevation plane. For horizontally polarized antennas, the E-plane usually coincides with the horizontal / azimuth plane. The E-plane and H-plane should be 90 degrees apart.

[0094] Magnetic Plane (E-Plane): Also known as the H-Plane, the magnetic plane is the plane containing the magnetic field vector (also known as the H-Aperture) and the direction of maximum radiation. For the same linearly polarized antenna, the magnetizing field or "H" plane is at right angles to the "E" plane. For vertically polarized antennas, the H-plane usually coincides with the horizontal / azimuth plane. For horizontally polarized antennas, the H-plane usually coincides with the vertical / elevation plane.

[0095] Resonance: Antenna unit resonance means that the size of the radiating unit constituting the antenna unit is a specific size, and the specific size may be 1 / 4 wavelength, where the wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point. Common resonance modes of the radiating unit include 1 / 4 wavelength resonance mode, 1 / 2 wavelength resonance mode, 3 / 4 wavelength resonance mode, etc.

[0096] Working bandwidth: The working bandwidth of an antenna unit refers to the frequency range in which it works effectively. In engineering, the frequency band with an S11 parameter less than -10dB or less than -5dB is usually called the working bandwidth.

[0097] Antenna array: An antenna array consists of multiple identical (or different) antenna units arranged in a certain pattern. The controller controls the current amplitude and phase fed to each antenna unit to control the radiation pattern of the array antenna. This method can also be called beamforming. Beamforming can be achieved through a phased array antenna control system to obtain high gain in a directional manner or to scan the array antenna beam.

[0098] Medium wavelength: Due to the existence of the medium, the electromagnetic parameters of the medium (for example, dielectric constant and magnetic permeability) are different from the electromagnetic parameters in a vacuum. The propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the medium is different from that in a vacuum, that is, its wavelength is different, and the propagation wavelength in the medium is the medium wavelength.

[0099] Smart home is the embodiment of the interconnection of all things under the influence of the Internet. Through the Internet of Things technology, various devices in the home, such as audio and video equipment, smart lighting equipment, smart curtains, smart air conditioners, security monitoring equipment, digital cinema systems, smart appliances, etc., are connected together to provide a variety of functions and means such as home appliance control, lighting control, telephone remote control, indoor and outdoor remote control, anti-theft alarm, environmental monitoring, HVAC control, etc. Among the various functional controls of smart homes, smart lighting is a relatively basic control, which can realize turning on the lights when opening the door or before opening the door, and turning off the lights when closing the door.

[0100] The basic logic currently followed in implementing smart home control is: infer the user's intention based on the user's instructions or scenarios, and then use the inferred user intention as the input of the smart home controller, and then the smart home controller controls the corresponding smart home to perform a set of actions. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a smart home system. Figure 1 The scenario shown includes user 001, a perception system and smart home 002. The user performs some activities in daily life, and the perception system captures the user's actions and infers the user's intentions. The perception system is used to determine the strategy to be executed by the smart home. Smart home 002 executes according to the strategy.

[0101] Among them, smart homes can include: smart TVs, projectors, smart water heaters, smart curtains, smart clothes hangers, smart washing machines and other home appliances. Smart homes are usually equipped with integrated circuits to respond to control strategies determined by smart home controllers based on the physical and physiological activities of users in daily life, and change the working mode of smart homes.

[0102] The sensing system can be integrated in the electronic device 10. The electronic device 10 in the embodiment of the present application can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a smart home, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart helmet, smart glasses, etc. The electronic device 10 can also be a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, an electronic device in a 5G network, or an electronic device in a public land mobile communication network (PLMN) to be evolved in the future, etc., and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.

[0103] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 10. Figure 2As shown, the electronic device 10 may include: a cover 11, a display 12, a printed circuit board 13, a middle frame 14 and a rear cover 15. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 11 may be a glass cover, or may be replaced by a cover made of other materials, such as an ultra-thin glass cover, a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) cover, etc.

[0104] The cover plate 11 may be arranged close to the display screen 12 , and may be mainly used to protect the display screen 12 and prevent dust.

[0105] In some embodiments, the display screen 12 may include a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting semiconductor (OLED) display panel, etc., which is not limited in the present application.

[0106] The middle frame 14 mainly supports the entire device. Figure 2 It is shown that the printed circuit board 13 is arranged between the middle frame 14 and the back cover 15. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the printed circuit board 13 can also be arranged between the middle frame 14 and the display screen 12, and the present application does not limit this. Among them, the printed circuit board 13 can adopt a flame retardant material (FR-4) dielectric board, or a Rogers dielectric board, or a mixed dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, and so on. Here, FR-4 is a code for a grade of flame retardant material, and Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board. The printed circuit board 13 carries electronic components, such as radio frequency chips.

[0107] In some embodiments, a metal layer may be provided on the printed circuit board 13. The metal layer may be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board 13, and may also be used for grounding other components. For example, a bracket antenna, a frame antenna, etc., the metal layer may be called a floor, or a grounding plate, or a grounding layer. In some embodiments, the metal layer may be formed by etching metal on the surface of any layer of a dielectric plate in the printed circuit board 13. In some embodiments, the metal layer used for grounding may be provided on the side of the printed circuit board 13 facing the middle frame 14. In some embodiments, the edge of the printed circuit board 13 may be regarded as the edge of its grounding layer. In some embodiments, the metal middle frame 14 may also be used for grounding the above-mentioned components. The electronic device 10 may also have other floors / grounding plates / grounding layers, as described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0108] Due to the compactness of the interior of the electronic device, a floor / grounding plate / grounding layer is usually provided in the internal space 0-2 mm away from the inner surface of the frame (for example, a printed circuit board, a middle frame, a metal layer of the screen, a battery, etc. can all be regarded as part of the floor). In some embodiments, a medium is filled between the frame and the floor, and the inner surface contour of the filling medium and the length and width of the rectangle enclosed by the medium can be simply regarded as the length and width of the floor; the length and width of the rectangle enclosed by the contour formed by superimposing all the conductive parts inside the frame can also be regarded as the length and width of the floor.

[0109] The electronic device 10 may further include a battery (not shown). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 14 and the back cover 15, or between the middle frame 14 and the display screen 12, and the present application does not limit this. In some embodiments, the printed circuit board 13 is divided into a main board and a sub-board, and the battery may be disposed between the main board and the sub-board, wherein the main board may be disposed between the middle frame 14 and the upper edge of the battery, and the sub-board may be disposed between the middle frame 14 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0110] The back cover 15 can be a back cover made of metal material; it can also be a back cover made of non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover or other non-metallic back cover; it can also be a back cover made of both conductive material and non-conductive material.

[0111] In some embodiments, the back cover 15 including a conductive material can replace the middle frame 14 and be integrated with the frame to support the electronic devices in the whole machine.

[0112] In some embodiments, the conductive parts in the middle frame 14 and / or the back cover 15 can be used as a reference ground for the electronic device 10, wherein the frame, printed circuit board 13, etc. of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the middle frame.

[0113] As mentioned above, the sensing system is integrated in the electronic device 10. In some embodiments, the sensing system includes an antenna module 100, such as a millimeter wave antenna, which can be set at various positions of the electronic device 10, such as a printed circuit board 13. In some embodiments, the millimeter wave antenna can also be used as a radar antenna. Millimeter waves have become one of the core technologies of 5G due to their advantages such as short wavelength, wide spectrum, and good directivity.

[0114] The antenna module 100 includes a stratum 110, a first antenna 21 and a second antenna 22. The first antenna 21 is, for example, a transmitting antenna, and the second antenna 22 is, for example, a receiving antenna. The first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are both stacked with the stratum 110. The first antenna 21 transmits electromagnetic waves carrying codes, which are radiated to an object through space. Due to the electromagnetic characteristics of the object itself, scattered waves are transmitted to the position of the second antenna 22, and the target can be detected through signal processing.

[0115] The present application embodiment does not limit the application scenario of the millimeter wave antenna of the antenna module. In some embodiments, the millimeter wave antenna is used to sense the system architecture. Figure 3a Figure 1 is a diagram of the architecture of an antenna sensing system. Figure 3a As shown, the antenna sensing system architecture includes a radio frequency interface chip and an algorithm processing unit, a first antenna 21 and a second antenna 22. The algorithm unit is used to control the radio frequency interface chip to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves according to user instructions or instructions inferred from user actions.

[0116] Exemplarily, the RF interface chip transmits the modulated signal determined by the algorithm processing unit to the first antenna for radiation, and after being scattered by the target, its echo is received by the second antenna. The RF interface chip processes the received electromagnetic signal, and then the signal is sent to the algorithm processing unit for calculation to obtain information such as the position, speed, and distance of the target, thereby facilitating the system to make judgments.

[0117] Figure 3b Figure 1 is a communication architecture diagram of an antenna. Figure 3b As shown, the communication frame of the antenna includes a modem (modulator-demodulator, modem), a radio frequency front-end module (front-end modules, FEM), an intermediate frequency (intermediate frequency, IF) transceiver, a first antenna 21 and a second antenna 22. Among them, the signal is processed by the modem and then sent to the intermediate frequency transceiver, and the radio frequency front-end module sends the two polarized signals to the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 for radiation. Exemplarily, the aforementioned intermediate frequency transceiver can be a millimeter wave transceiver.

[0118] Figure 3a and Figure 3b The antenna array is exemplified, and the antenna array includes multiple antenna pairs, and each antenna pair includes a first antenna 21 and a second antenna 22. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of antenna pairs, for example, it can be one pair, two pairs, three pairs or more pairs.

[0119] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the working frequency bands of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22. In some embodiments, the working frequency bands of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are the same. Exemplarily, the working frequency bands of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are any communication frequency band within 10 GHz-100 GHz. For example, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 operate in a communication frequency band including 24 GHz.

[0120] The aforementioned working frequency band of the first antenna 21 is the same as the working frequency band of the second antenna 22, including: the working frequency band of the first antenna 21 is completely the same or partially the same as the working frequency band of the second antenna 22; and also including: the resonant frequency band of the first antenna 21 and the resonant frequency band of the second antenna 22 at least partially overlap. In one embodiment, the overlapped portion of the resonant frequency band of the first antenna 21 and the resonant frequency band of the second antenna 22 accounts for more than 50% of the resonant frequency band of the first antenna 21. The overlapped portion of the resonant frequency band of the first antenna 21 and the resonant frequency band of the second antenna 22 accounts for more than 50% of the resonant frequency band of the second antenna 22.

[0121] In other embodiments, the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 is lower than the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the second antenna 22. Exemplarily, the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 is in the range of 25 GHz-31 GHz, and the operating frequency band of the second antenna 22 is in the range of 37 GHz-45 GHz. Alternatively, the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 is in the range of 24.25 GHz-29.5 GHz, and the operating frequency band of the second antenna 22 is in the range of 38 GHz-42 GHz.

[0122] In the embodiment in which the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 operate in the same frequency band, and in the embodiment in which the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 operate in different frequency bands, the higher isolation between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 will enable the antenna including the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 to achieve better radiation performance, ensure better communication quality, and can also reduce the volume occupied by the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22, thereby miniaturizing the millimeter wave antenna.

[0123] Figure 4 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first antenna 21, the second antenna 22 and the ground layer 110. The first antenna 21 includes a first feeder 211 and a first radiator 212, and the first feeder 211 and the first radiator 212 are edge-coupled.

[0124] Exemplarily, the first antenna 21 further includes a microstrip line 213. The microstrip line 213, the ground layer 110 and the first radiator 212 are stacked, the other end of the microstrip line 213 is electrically connected to the first feeder 211, one end of the microstrip line 213 is connected to the RF chip, and the signal of the RF chip is transmitted to the first feeder 211 through the microstrip line 213, and then radiated through the first radiator 212 coupled to the first feeder 211.

[0125] For example, the edge of the first radiator 212 refers to the non-geometric center of the first radiator 212 (eg Figure 4 In some embodiments, the edge of the first radiator 212 is the distance from the outer periphery of the first radiator 212 toward the geometric center of the first radiator 212 (for example, Figure 4 The distance from the k1 point in the figure is an area covered by half of the total length from the periphery of the first radiator 212 to the geometric center of the first radiator 212 (for example Figure 4 middle shaded area).

[0126] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape of the first radiator 212. For example, the first radiator 212 may be a regular structure, such as a triangular, square, pentagonal, hexagonal or circular conductive film. Alternatively, the first radiator 212 may be an irregularly shaped conductive film, where the irregular structure refers to a pattern formed by a plurality of straight lines or a plurality of curves connected end to end.

[0127] For the convenience of description, a line (k1) connecting the center of the first radiator 212 (point k1) and the vertical projection of the first feeding portion 211 on the first radiator 212 is defined as Figure 4 The direction parallel to the middle dotted line s1) is the first direction (hereinafter also referred to as the ox direction).

[0128] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the size of the first radiator 212. Exemplarily, the size of the first radiator 212 is set according to the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21. For example, the maximum size of the first radiator 212 along the ox direction is a, a is 0.2λ-0.9λ, and λ is the wavelength in vacuum corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first antenna 21. For example, a can be 0.2λ, 0.3λ, 0.4λ, 0.5λ, 0.6λ, 0.7λ, 0.8λ or 0.9λ, etc. Similarly, in the embodiment where the operating frequency bands of the second antenna 22 and the first antenna 21 are the same, the maximum size of the second radiator 222 along the ox direction also satisfies the above relationship.

[0129] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the structures of the first feeding portion 211 and the microstrip line 213. The extension paths of the microstrip line 213 and the first feeding portion 211 can be straight lines or curves.

[0130] In the embodiment where the first feeder 211 and the first radiator 212 are not directly connected, the vertical projection of the first feeder 211 on the first radiator 212 is the vertical projection of the first feeder 211 on the plane where the first radiator 212 is located. In the embodiment where the vertical projection of the first feeder 211 on the first radiator 212 is a line or a plane, the line connecting the point k1 and the vertical projection of the first feeder 211 on the first radiator 212 ( Figure 4 The middle dotted line s1) is a line connecting the point k1 and the center of the vertical projection of the first feeding portion 211 on the first radiator 212 .

[0131] It is understandable that the aforementioned parallelism is not limited to an angle of 0° between the two. For example, the parallelism of the dotted line s1 and the ox direction means that the angle between the dotted line s1 and the ox direction is -10° to 10°; for example, the angle is ±10°, ±9°, ±8°, ±7°, ±6°, ±5°, ±4°, ±3°, ±2°, ±1° or 0°, etc. The same is true for the description of parallelism below, and it will not be repeated later.

[0132] Because the first feeder 211 is coupled to the edge of the first radiator 212, the polarization direction of the first antenna 21 and the line connecting the center (k1 point) of the first radiator 212 and the vertical projection of the first feeder 211 on the first radiator 212 ( Figure 4 In other words, the ox direction is parallel to the polarization direction of the first antenna 21. Since the E plane of the first antenna 21 is parallel to the polarization direction, the ox direction is parallel to the E plane of the first antenna 21.

[0133] Because the H plane of the first antenna 21 is perpendicular to the polarization direction, the ox direction is perpendicular to the H plane. The direction parallel to the H plane of the first antenna 21 is defined as the second direction (hereinafter referred to as the oy direction), and the oy direction is perpendicular to the ox direction. The third direction (hereinafter referred to as the oz direction) is defined as being perpendicular to both the ox direction and the oy direction. The E plane of the first antenna 21 is parallel to the oxz plane, and the H plane of the first antenna 21 is parallel to the oyz plane.

[0134] It is to be understood that the aforementioned perpendicularity between the two is not limited to an angle of 90° between the two. Exemplarily, the perpendicularity between the ox direction and the oy direction includes that the angle between the ox direction and the oy direction is 80° to 100°. For example, the angle may be 80°, 82°, 85°, 87°, 88°, 89°, 90°, 91°, 92°, 93°, 94°, 95°, 98° or 100°, etc. The relationship between the ox direction and the oz direction is similar. In addition, the description of perpendicularity in the following text is similar and will not be repeated later.

[0135] In the embodiment of the present application, the second antenna 22 includes a second feeder 221 and a second radiator 222, and the second feeder 221 and the second radiator 222 are connected at their edges. The structure of the second antenna 22 is described in the above description of the first antenna 21, which will not be repeated here.

[0136] Figure 4 , the line connecting the center of the second radiator 222 (point k2) and the vertical projection of the second feeding portion 221 on the second radiator 222 is the dotted line s2. In some embodiments, the dotted line s1 is parallel to the dotted line s2. The electric field direction of the first antenna 21 is parallel to the dotted line s1, and similarly, the polarization direction of the second antenna 22 is parallel to the dotted line s2. Because the dotted line s1 is parallel to the dotted line s2, and the polarization direction of the second antenna 22 is parallel to the polarization direction of the first antenna 21, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 have the same polarization, which is beneficial to improve the gain of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22. In other words, the E plane of the first antenna 21 and the E plane of the second antenna 22 are coplanar, and the H plane of the first antenna 21 and the H plane of the second antenna 22 are coplanar. In some embodiments, the dotted line s1 and the dotted line s2 are collinear. In this way, the polarization directions of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are the same. When an isolation structure is provided on one side of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 , the isolation structure significantly improves the isolation between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 .

[0137] In some embodiments, in order to improve the isolation between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22, the first feeder 211 is located on the side of the first radiator 212 away from the second radiator 222. The second feeder 221 is located on the side of the second radiator 222 away from the first radiator 212. In this way, the physical distance between the second feeder 221 and the first feeder 211 is relatively far, which can reduce the signal interference between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 and improve the isolation.

[0138] In other embodiments, the first feeding portion 211 may be located on a side of the first radiator 212 facing the second radiator 222 . Correspondingly, the second feeding portion 221 may be located on a side of the second radiator 222 facing the first radiator 212 .

[0139] As described above, in order to reduce the distance between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22, reduce the volume of the antenna module 100, and miniaturize the antenna module 100. The isolation between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 provided in the embodiment of the present application is better, and even if the distance between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is small, the interference between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is also small.

[0140] The present application embodiment provides an antenna module 100, such as Figure 4As shown, the antenna module 100 includes a dielectric plate and a first antenna 21 and a second antenna 22 arranged on the dielectric plate. The operating frequency bands of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are at least partially the same. The first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 may be patch antennas. A plurality of electric resonance structures are arranged on the dielectric plate, and the plurality of electric resonance structures are arranged on one side of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22. In some embodiments, the plurality of electric resonance structures are distributed on the E plane of the first antenna, and the plurality of electric resonance structures are arranged at intervals along the polarization direction of the first antenna 21. Exemplarily, the electric resonance structure may be an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure or a dipole structure. A plurality of magnetic resonance structures are also arranged on the dielectric plate. The plurality of magnetic resonance structures are arranged on one side of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22. In some embodiments, the plurality of electric resonance structures are distributed on the H plane of the first antenna, and the plurality of magnetic resonance structures are arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first antenna 21. Exemplarily, the magnetic resonance structure may be a split ring resonator (SRR) structure or a slot structure.

[0141] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna module 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 The antenna module 100 includes a stratum 110, a first antenna 21 and a second antenna 22. The operating frequency bands of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are at least partially the same. The first radiator 212 of the first antenna 21 and the stratum 110 are stacked, and the second radiator 222 of the second antenna 22 and the stratum 110 are stacked. For the structures of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22, please refer to Figure 4 The description is not repeated here.

[0142] The antenna module 100 further includes a plurality of first isolation structures 120 and a plurality of second isolation structures 130. The plurality of first isolation structures 120 are arranged at intervals along the ox direction, the plurality of first isolation structures 120 are arranged on one side of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22, and the plurality of first isolation structures 120 are distributed at intervals along the ox direction. The plurality of second isolation structures 130 are arranged on one side of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22, and the plurality of second isolation structures 130 are arranged at intervals along the oy direction.

[0143] The “isolation” in the aforementioned isolation structure refers to reducing the influence of the signal of the first antenna 21 on the second antenna 22 , and reducing the influence of the signal of the second antenna 22 on the first antenna 21 .

[0144] In some embodiments, the first radiator 212 and the second radiator 222 are both sheet structures. The ox direction and the oy direction are parallel to the surface where the sheet structure is located. A plurality of first isolation structures 120 are located on one side of the first radiator 212 and the second radiator 222 along the oy direction, and a plurality of second isolation structures 130 are located on one side of the first radiator 212 and the second radiator 222 along the ox direction. It is understood that the first radiator 212 and the second radiator 222 may not be in the same plane.

[0145] The first isolation structure 120 includes a first conductive sheet 121, and the first conductive sheet 121 is electrically connected to the stratum 110. The second isolation structure 130 includes a wire 131 and a first open resonant ring 132, and the wire 131 and the first open resonant ring 132 are both electrically isolated from the stratum 110. The opening of the first open resonant ring 132 is away from the stratum 110; the wire 131 and the first open resonant ring 132 are parallel to the oy direction, and the wires 131 of two adjacent second isolation structures 130 are electrically connected.

[0146] In the embodiments of the present application, electrical isolation means not being connected by a conductor. For example, the electrical isolation of the wire 131 and the stratum 110 means that the wire 131 and the stratum 110 are not electrically connected by a conductor. The wire 131 and the stratum 110 may be physically connected by a dielectric layer.

[0147] Because the ox direction is parallel to the polarization direction of the first antenna 21, a plurality of first conductive plates 121 electrically connected to the stratum 110 are arranged along the polarization direction. The plurality of first conductive plates 121 can achieve band rejection in the E plane of the first antenna 21. Because the oy direction is parallel to the H plane of the first antenna 21, a plurality of first open resonant rings 132 are arranged at intervals along the oy direction, and a plurality of electrically connected wires 131 are arranged at intervals along the oy direction. Band rejection is achieved in the H plane of the first antenna 21. The resonance generated by the coupling of the first isolation structure 120 and the second isolation structure 130 can generate isolation in the working frequency band of the first antenna 21.

[0148] Further, in an embodiment where the E planes of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 are parallel, the first isolation structure 120 can achieve band rejection in both the electric field directions of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22. Similarly, the second isolation structure 130 can achieve band rejection in both the H planes of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22. The resonance generated by the first isolation structure 120 and the second isolation structure 130 can generate isolation in the working frequency band of the second antenna 22. The setting of the first isolation structure 120 and the second isolation structure 130 enables the first antenna 21 to absorb part of the electromagnetic energy and concentrate the energy around. The coupling between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is reduced, and the isolation is improved.

[0149] Figure 5In the embodiment, a plurality of first isolation structures 120 are provided on both sides of the first antenna 21 along the oy direction, and a plurality of second isolation structures 130 are provided on both sides of the first antenna 21 along the ox direction. In some embodiments of the present application, the first isolation structure 120 may be provided only on one side of the first antenna 21 along the ox direction, which also has a positive effect on the isolation between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22. Accordingly, the second isolation structure 130 may also be provided only on one side of the first antenna 21 along the oy direction.

[0150] In some embodiments of the present application, the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 is F0. Since the operating frequency band of the second antenna 22 is the same as that of the first antenna 21, the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the first antenna 21 is also F0. The resonant center frequency of the multiple first isolation structures 120 is F1, and the resonant center frequency of the multiple second isolation structures 130 is F2, wherein 1 / 2F1≤F0<3 / 2F1, 1 / 2F2≤F0<3 / 2F2. In this way, the multiple first isolation structures 120 and the multiple second isolation structures 130 generate an isolation pit near the operating frequency of the first antenna 21, so that the two antennas have excellent isolation.

[0151] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the size of the center frequency F0. For example, F0 is 10 GHz-100 GHz, for example, F0 can be 10 GHz, 24 GHz, GHz, 28 GHz, 50 GHz, 60 GHz, 80 GHz, 100 GHz.

[0152] Taking the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 working in a communication frequency band including 24 GHz as an example, F0 is 24 GHz. The resonant center frequency F1 of the plurality of first isolation structures 120 is 12 GHz to 36 GHz, and illustratively, F1 is 12 GHz, 18 GHz, 20 GHz, 22 GHz, 24 GHz, 26 GHz, 30 GHz or 35 GHz. The center frequency F2 of the plurality of second isolation structures 130 is 2 GHz to 36 GHz, and illustratively, F2 is 12 GHz, 18 GHz, 20 GHz, 22 GHz, 24 GHz, 26 GHz, 30 GHz or 35 GHz.

[0153] It is understandable that there are many ways to achieve the resonant center frequency F1 of the plurality of first isolation structures 120. For example, the resonant center frequency F1 is adjusted by adjusting the size of the first isolation structure 120 and the number of the first isolation structures 120. Alternatively, the resonant center frequency F1 is adjusted by adjusting the dielectric constant of the material surrounding the first isolation structure 120. Similarly, the resonant center frequency F2 can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the second isolation structure 130 and the number of the second isolation structures 130. Alternatively, the resonant center frequency F2 is adjusted by adjusting the dielectric constant of the material surrounding the second isolation structure 130.

[0154] In the embodiment of the present application, there are various examples of the first isolation structure 120 and the second isolation structure 130. The structures of the first isolation structure 120 and the second isolation structure 130 are described below in an exemplary manner.

[0155] Figure 6a Schematic diagram of a structure of a first isolation structure 120 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The first isolation structure 120 includes a first conductive sheet 121 and a first conductive column 122. One end of the first conductive column 122 is electrically connected to the stratum 110, and the other end of the first conductive column 122 is electrically connected to the first conductive sheet 121. The vertical projection of the first conductive column 122 on the first conductive sheet 121 ( Figure 6a The middle f region) is located inside the first conductive sheet 121 . Figure 6a In the embodiment, the ground layer 110, the first conductive pillar 122 and the first conductive sheet 121 are stacked along the oz direction.

[0156] Figure 6a In the example of FIG. 1 , the geometric centers of the first conductive pillar 122 and the first conductive sheet 121 are directly connected. In other words, the vertical projection ( Figure 6a The region f in the middle covers the geometric center of the first conductive sheet 121. In this way, the current distribution on the first conductive sheet 121 is more uniform, the band-stop characteristic of the first isolation structure 120 is more obvious, and the first isolation structure 120 has better signal isolation.

[0157] As described above, adjusting the size of the first isolation structure 120 can adjust the resonant center frequency F1. Figure 6aIn the embodiment, the dimension of the first conductive sheet 121 along the ox direction is c1, and c1 is 0.055a to 3.5a. For example, c1 can be 0.055a, 0.06a, 0.1a, 0.2a, 0.5a, 0.8a, 1a, 1.2a, 1.5a, 1.8a, 2a, 2.1a, 2.5a, 3a or 3.5a, etc. a is the maximum dimension of the first radiator 212 along the ox direction. Since the maximum dimension of the first radiator 212 along the ox direction is related to the working frequency band of the first antenna 21, the dimension of the first conductive sheet 121 along the ox direction is set to 0.055a to 3.5a, so that the resonant center frequency F1 of the plurality of first isolation structures 120 satisfies: 1 / 2F1≤F0<3 / 2F1. The first isolation structure 120 generates a band stop near the center frequency of the first antenna 21, so that the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 have better isolation.

[0158] Exemplarily, the aforementioned c1 is 0.055a to 3.5a, indicating that the optional range of c1 includes two endpoint values ​​0.055a and 3.5a. The relevant description below is the same and will not be repeated here.

[0159] In some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent first conductive sheets 121 along the ox direction is c2, c2≤0.25a. Exemplarily, c2 can be 0.01a, 0.05a, 0.1a, 0.12a, 0.18a, 0.2a, 0.23a or 0.25a, ​​etc. c2 and a satisfy the aforementioned relationship, so that the coupling of the two adjacent first isolation structures 120 is stronger, so that the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 have better isolation. On the contrary, if the distance c2 is larger, for example, greater than 0.25a, ​​the isolation effect will be poor due to the weak coupling of the two adjacent first isolation structures 120.

[0160] In the case that the first conductive sheet 121 is electrically connected to the ground layer 110, the first isolation structure 120 may not be provided with the first conductive pillar 122. In the embodiment where the first conductive pillar 122 is not provided, the aforementioned c1 and c2 may also meet the above conditions.

[0161] In the embodiment where the first conductive sheet 121 has multiple dimensions along the ox direction, the aforementioned c1 is the maximum dimension of the first conductive sheet 121 along the ox direction. Similarly, in the embodiment where the distance between two adjacent first conductive sheets 121 along the ox direction has multiple dimensions, the aforementioned c2 is the maximum distance between two adjacent first conductive sheets 121 along the ox direction.

[0162] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape of the first conductive sheet 121 . For example, the first conductive sheet 121 may be a sheet structure with a triangular, quadrilateral, pentagonal, hexagonal, circular, elliptical or irregular shape.

[0163] In some embodiments of the present application, the minimum distance between the first conductive sheet 121 and the first radiator 212 along the oy direction is r1, and r1 is 0.05a to 10a. When r1 is within the above range, the reflection and return loss of the first antenna 21 by the first conductive sheet 121 can be reduced, and the isolation between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can be improved. Exemplarily, the aforementioned r1 can be 0.05a, 0.5a, 1a, 1.5a, 2a, 2.5a, 3a, 5a, 6a, 7a, 8a, or 10a. In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the first conductive sheet 121 and the second radiator 222 along the oy direction is also 0.05a to 10a.

[0164] Figure 6a In the example, the material of the first isolation structure 120 is a conductive material, for example, may include copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and alloys thereof.

[0165] Figure 6b A schematic structural diagram of another first isolation structure 120 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6b and Figure 6a The difference is that Figure 6b In the embodiment, the first conductive sheet 121 is in the shape of a hexagon. Figure 6a The description is not repeated here. Figure 6a and Figure 6b In the example of FIG. 1 , the first isolation structure 120 may be regarded as an electromagnetic band gap structure. It is understandable that, in other embodiments, the first isolation structure 120 may also be an electromagnetic band gap structure of other shapes.

[0166] Figure 6c This is a schematic structural diagram of another first isolation structure 120 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6b and Figure 6a The difference is that Figure 6c In the embodiment, the first conductive sheet 121 is in the shape of a long strip. Figure 6a The description is not repeated here. Figure 6c In the embodiment of the present invention, the first isolation structure 120 can be regarded as a diople structure. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the first isolation structure 120 can also be a diople structure of other shapes.

[0167] Figure 6d A schematic structural diagram of another first isolation structure 120 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6d and Figure 6a The difference is that Figure 6dIn the embodiment, the first isolation structure 120 further includes a second conductive sheet 123, the second conductive sheet 123 is spaced apart from the first conductive sheet 121, the second conductive sheet 123 is located on the side of the first conductive sheet 121 away from the stratum 110, and the vertical projection of the first conductive column 122 on the second conductive sheet 123 is located inside the second conductive sheet 123. The provision of the second conductive sheet 123 can reduce the distance between two adjacent first isolation structures 120 along the ox direction, which is conducive to miniaturization of the antenna module 100.

[0168] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape of the second conductive sheet 123. For example, the second conductive sheet 123 may be a triangular, quadrilateral, pentagonal, hexagonal, circular, elliptical or irregular sheet structure. The second conductive sheet 123 and the first conductive sheet 121 may have the same or different shapes.

[0169] In some embodiments, the size of the second conductive sheet 123 in the ox direction is c3, and the size of the first conductive sheet 121 in the ox direction is c1. c1 is 0.5*c3 to 1.5*c3. For example, c1 is 0.5*c3, 0.7*c3, 0.8*c3, 0.9*c3, 1*c3, 1.2*c3 or 1.5*c3.

[0170] In some embodiments, the vertical projection of the first conductive column 122 on the second conductive sheet 123 covers the geometric center of the second conductive sheet 123. In this way, the current distribution on the second conductive sheet 123 is more uniform, the band-stop characteristics of the first isolation structure 120 are more obvious, and the first isolation structure 120 has better signal isolation. In other embodiments, the vertical projection of the first conductive column 122 on the second conductive sheet 123 and the geometric center of the second conductive sheet 123 are spaced apart.

[0171] Figure 6d The dashed box in FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of the first isolation structure 120. In some embodiments, the first isolation structure 120 further includes a second conductive column 124, which is located between the first conductive sheet 121 and the second conductive sheet 123, and the opposite ends of the second conductive column 124 are electrically connected to the first conductive sheet 121 and the second conductive sheet 123, respectively. In this way, the current distribution on the second conductive sheet 123 and the first conductive sheet 121 is uniform, which is conducive to improving the isolation performance of the entire first isolation structure 120.

[0172] In some embodiments, the vertical projection of the second conductive column 124 on the second conductive sheet 123 covers the geometric center of the second conductive sheet 123. In other embodiments, the vertical projection of the second conductive column 124 on the second conductive sheet 123 and the geometric center of the second conductive sheet 123 are spaced apart.

[0173] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the positional relationship of the vertical projections of the first conductive pillar 122 and the second conductive pillar 124 on the first conductive sheet 121. For example, the vertical projection of the first conductive pillar 122 on the first conductive sheet 121 overlaps with the vertical projection of the second conductive pillar 124 on the first conductive sheet 121; or, the vertical projection of the first conductive pillar 122 on the first conductive sheet 121 and the vertical projection of the second conductive pillar 124 on the first conductive sheet 121 partially overlap; or, the vertical projection of the first conductive pillar 122 on the first conductive sheet 121 and the vertical projection of the second conductive pillar 124 on the first conductive sheet 121 do not intersect.

[0174] In some embodiments of the present application, the second conductive pillar 124 is not necessary, and the first isolation structure 120 may not be provided with the second conductive pillar 124 .

[0175] Figure 6d The structure of the first conductive sheet 121 is similar to Figure 6a The structure of the first conductive sheet 121 is the same as that of the first conductive sheet 121 in FIG. It can be understood that in other embodiments, Figure 6d The structure of the first conductive sheet 121 in Figure 6b or Figure 6c The structure of the first conductive sheet 121 is the same as that of the first conductive sheet 121 in FIG.

[0176] Please return to Figure 5 , multiple second isolation structures 130 are arranged at intervals along the oy direction. The wires 131 of the multiple second isolation structures 130 are connected. In some embodiments, the wires 131 of the multiple second isolation structures 130 are connected as an integrally formed part, so that multiple wires 131 can be formed in the same process. The opening of the first open resonant ring 132 is named as the first opening 133, and the first opening 133 is away from the formation 110. The aforementioned first open resonant ring 132 is parallel to the oy direction means that the plane where the first open resonant ring 132 is located is parallel to the oy direction.

[0177] Exemplarily, in an embodiment of the present application, the open resonant ring is an open ring structure, the material of the open ring structure is a conductive material, and the gap between the two ends of the open ring structure is an opening. In other words, the open resonant ring is a ring structure with the ends disconnected. In some embodiments, the open resonant ring is a square ring.

[0178] As described above, adjusting the size of the second isolation structure 130 can adjust the resonant frequency F2 of the second isolation structure 130 to increase the isolation between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 .

[0179] Figure 7a for Figure 5 The second isolation structure 130 and the ground layer 110 are shown in FIG. Figure 7a, the distance between the two opposite ends of the first open resonant ring 132 along the oy direction is b1, b1 is 0.055a to 0.75a, and a is the maximum size of the first radiator 212 along the ox direction. Exemplarily, b1 can be 0.055a, 0.06a, 0.08a, 0.1a, 0.2a, 0.3a, 0.5a, 0.6a, 0.65a, 0.7a or 0.75a, etc. The distance between the two opposite ends of the first open resonant ring 132 along the oy direction and the maximum size of the first radiator 212 along the ox direction satisfy the aforementioned relationship. Even if the distance between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 along the ox direction is small, the second isolation structure 130 can also achieve excellent isolation. There are more options for the distance between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 along the ox direction, which is suitable for more applicable scenarios.

[0180] For example, in some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent first split resonant rings 132 along the oy direction is b2, b2≤0.25a, ​​and for example, b2 can be 0.01a, 0.05a, 0.1a, 0.12a, 0.18a, 0.2a, 0.23a or 0.25a, ​​etc. b2 and a satisfy the aforementioned relationship, the two adjacent first split resonant rings 132 are well coupled, and the resonant frequency formed by the plurality of second isolation structures 130 has high isolation performance for the two antennas.

[0181] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the length, thickness and width of the wire 131. Exemplarily, the wire 131 is a long strip conductor, the extension direction of the long strip conductor is the oy direction, and two adjacent wires 131 are electrically connected.

[0182] Under the condition that the wire 131 and the first split resonant ring 132 are electrically isolated, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the positional relationship between the wire 131 and the first split resonant ring 132 .

[0183] In some embodiments, the surface h1 of the first split resonant ring 132 facing away from the formation 110 is located between the wire 131 and the formation 110. In other words, the formation 110, the first split resonant ring 132 and the wire 131 are spaced apart along the oz direction. For example, the wire 131 is located on the k1 surface, the k1 surface is located on the side of the first split resonant ring 132 facing away from the formation 110, and the k1 surface and the h1 surface are not coplanar.

[0184] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the surface h1 of the first open resonant ring 132 facing away from the formation 110 is located on the side of the wire 131 facing away from the formation 110. In other words, the wire 131 is located between the surface h1 of the first open resonant ring 132 facing away from the formation 110 and the formation 110. For example, the wire 131 is located on the k2 surface, and the k2 surface is located between the h1 surface and the formation 110. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the surface h1 of the first open resonant ring 132 facing away from the formation 110 is coplanar with the wire 131. The wire 131 and the first open resonant ring 132 have the aforementioned multiple positional relationships, all of which can be located on the first antenna 21 (such as Figure 5 A band stop is generated within the working frequency band of the antenna 21 (as shown), so that the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 have excellent isolation.

[0185] Similarly, in some embodiments, the formation 110 and the surface h2 of the first split resonant ring 132 facing the formation 110 may be coplanar. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the surface h2 of the first split resonant ring 132 facing the formation 110 is located between the formation 110 and the wire 131 .

[0186] In the embodiments of the present application, coplanarity is not limited to two planes being parallel and having a distance equal to zero. For example, the coplanarity of the h1 plane and the wire 131 includes that the angle between the h1 plane and the wire 131 is less than or equal to 10°, and the distance between the h1 plane and the wire 131 along the oz direction is less than or equal to 0.05a. The description of the rest of the coplanarity in this article is similar and will not be repeated later.

[0187] In the embodiment of the present application, there is no limitation on the shape of the first split resonant ring 132. For example, the first split resonant ring 132 is a circular or polygonal ring structure with one opening (the first opening 133).

[0188] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the positional relationship between the wire 131, the first split resonant ring 132 and the first radiator 212. In some embodiments, the wire 131 is closer to the first radiator 212 than the first split resonant ring 132. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the wire 131 is further away from the first radiator 212 than the first split resonant ring 132.

[0189] In the embodiment of the present application, the first radiator 212 is closer to the second isolation structure 130 than the second radiator 222, and the distance between the second isolation structure 130 and the first radiator 212 along the ox direction is not limited. Exemplarily, the minimum distance between the second isolation structure 130 and the first radiator 212 along the ox direction is r2, and r2 is 0.05a to 10a. When r2 is within the above range, the reflection of the second isolation structure 130 can be improved, the return loss can be reduced, and the isolation between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can be improved. Exemplarily, the aforementioned r2 can be 0.05a, 0.5a, 1a, 1.5a, 2a, 2.5a, 3a, 5a, 6a, 7a, 8a, or 10a.

[0190] Figure 7a In the example, the material of the second isolation structure 130 is a conductive material, for example, copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof.

[0191] Figure 7b This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the second isolation structure 130 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7b and Figure 7a , Figure 7b and Figure 7a The differences include: Figure 7b The second isolation structure 130 further includes a second split resonant ring 134, which is parallel to the oy direction. The opening of the second split resonant ring 134 faces the formation 110. For ease of description, the opening of the second split resonant ring 134 is named as a second opening 135.

[0192] The conductor 131, the first open resonant ring 132, the second open resonant ring 134 and the stratum 110 are electrically isolated from each other. The second open resonant ring 134 can increase the factor of changing the resonant center frequency of the second isolation structure 130, so that the resonant center frequencies of the plurality of second isolation structures 130 are within the aforementioned F2 range, thereby improving the isolation between the two antennas.

[0193] The second open resonant ring 134 is parallel to the oy direction, which means that the plane where the second open resonant ring 134 is located is parallel to the oy direction. The same is true for the positional relationship between the first open resonant ring 132 and the wire 131. On the basis of point isolation between the wire 131 and the second open resonant ring 134, the positional relationship between the wire 131 and the second open resonant ring 134 is not limited. Similarly, the positional relationship between the stratum 110 and the second open resonant ring 134 can also refer to the positional relationship between the stratum 110 and the first open resonant ring 132, which will not be repeated here.

[0194] There are also various positional relationships between the first split resonant ring 132 and the second split resonant ring 134 . Figure 7bIn the embodiment, the first split resonant ring 132 and the second split resonant ring 134 are spaced apart along the ox direction. Exemplarily, the first split resonant ring 132 is closer to the first radiator 212 than the second split resonant ring 134 , or the first split resonant ring 132 is further away from the first radiator 212 than the second split resonant ring 134 .

[0195] Figure 7b In the example of FIG. 1 , the second isolation structure 130 may be regarded as an SRR structure. In other embodiments, the second isolation structure 130 may be another type of SRR structure.

[0196] Figure 7c A schematic structural diagram of another second isolation structure 130 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7c and Figure 7b The difference lies in that the positional relationship between the first split resonant ring 132 and the second split resonant ring 134 is different. Figure 7c In the embodiment, the first open resonant ring 132 is arranged around the outer periphery of the second open resonant ring 134. In other words, the radial dimension of the first open resonant ring 132 is relatively large, and the second open resonant ring 134 extends into the cavity surrounded by the first open resonant ring 132. In this way, it is beneficial to reduce the dimension of the first isolation structure 120 along the ox direction, to reduce the dimension of the antenna module, and to miniaturize the millimeter wave antenna.

[0197] Please return to Figure 5 , Figure 5 In the example, the first conductive sheet 121 and the first radiator 212 are coplanar. It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the first conductive sheet 121 can be located on the side of the plane where the first radiator 212 is located away from the stratum 110, or the first conductive sheet 121 can be located on the side of the plane where the first radiator 212 is located facing the stratum 110. Similarly, the surface h1 of the first split resonant ring 132 facing away from the stratum 110 can be coplanar with the first radiator 212, can be located on the side of the plane where the first radiator 212 is located away from the stratum 110, or can be located on the side of the plane where the first radiator 212 is located facing the stratum 110. The positional relationship between the plane where the first radiator 212 is located and the wire 131 is similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0198] In addition, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the connection relationship between the first isolation structure 120 and the second isolation structure 130. In some embodiments, the first isolation structure 120 closest to the second isolation structure 130 among the multiple first isolation structures 120 can be electrically connected to the second isolation structure 130. For example, the first conductive sheet 121 of the first isolation structure 120 closest to the second isolation structure 130 is electrically connected to the first open resonant ring 132 or the wire 131. In other embodiments, the first conductive sheet 121, the first open resonant ring 132 and the wire 131 of the first isolation structure 120 closest to the second isolation structure 130 are electrically isolated from each other.

[0199] Figure 5 In the example, there is a gap 101 between the first radiator 212 and the stratum 110, and the first isolation structure 120 and the second isolation structure 130 are both located in the gap 101. The present application embodiment does not limit the material filled in the gap 101. In some embodiments, the gap 101 is filled with gas, and the aforementioned gas can be, for example, air, nitrogen, argon or helium. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the gap 101 is filled with a dielectric material, and the aforementioned dielectric material can be, for example, a material with a dielectric constant less than 10, for example, the dielectric material includes a resin or polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), etc. Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the gap 101 may not be filled with any material, for example, it may be in a vacuum state.

[0200] In the embodiment where the gap 101 is filled with a dielectric material, the dielectric material may be a layered structure. Figure 8 Provide an exemplary introduction.

[0201] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of another antenna module 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 and Figure 5 The difference between the examples includes: the antenna module 100 further includes a first dielectric layer 201, a second dielectric layer 202, and a third dielectric layer 203. For the structural description of the first isolation structure 120, the second isolation structure 130, the first antenna 21, and the second antenna 22, please refer to Figure 5 The description is not repeated here.

[0202] Figure 8In the embodiment, the stratum 110, the first dielectric layer 201, the second dielectric layer 202 and the third dielectric layer 203 are stacked along the oz direction. The wire 131, the first conductive sheet 121, the first radiator 212 and the second radiator 222 are all connected to the surface of the third dielectric layer 203 away from the second dielectric layer 202. The first conductive column 122 penetrates the first dielectric layer 201, the second dielectric layer 202 and the third dielectric layer 203, and the opposite ends of the first conductive column 122 are electrically connected to the first conductive sheet 121 and the stratum 110 respectively. The first open resonant ring 132 passes through the second dielectric layer 202, and one end of the first open resonant ring 132 facing the stratum 110 is located between the first dielectric layer 201 and the second dielectric layer 202. The end of the first open resonant ring 132 away from the stratum 110 is located between the second dielectric layer 202 and the third dielectric layer 203.

[0203] In the embodiment where the first isolation structure 120 includes the first conductive pillar 122 , the first conductive pillar 122 penetrates the first dielectric layer 201 , the second dielectric layer 202 , and the third dielectric layer 203 and has one end electrically connected to the ground layer 110 and the other end electrically connected to the wire 131 .

[0204] In this way, the first dielectric layer 201, the second dielectric layer 202, and the third dielectric layer 203 are located in the gap 101, and the first dielectric layer 201, the second dielectric layer 202, and the third dielectric layer 203 support the first isolation structure 120, the second isolation structure 130, the first antenna 21, and the second antenna 22. In addition, the first dielectric layer 201, the second dielectric layer 202, and the third dielectric layer 203 also have an insulating effect to prevent other conductive materials from entering the gap 101 and affecting the electrical signal of the antenna module 100.

[0205] In addition, the antenna module 100 and the printed circuit board 13 (such as Figure 2 In the embodiment shown in FIG. Figure 8 The antenna module 100 and the printed circuit board 13 shown in the figure can be prepared by a printing process. The antenna module 100 and the printed circuit board 13 can adopt the same preparation process, which is conducive to cost saving. In addition, in an embodiment where the volume or size of the antenna module 100 is small (for example, millimeter level), the supporting role of the first dielectric layer 201, the second dielectric layer 202, and the third dielectric layer 203 can prevent the adjacent conductive structure from collapsing and affecting the mechanical properties. For example, the first dielectric layer 201 can prevent the first open resonant ring 132 from contacting the formation 110 at one end thereof, thereby avoiding affecting the resonance of the second isolation structure 130.

[0206] As described above, in the embodiment of the present application, the first isolation structure 120 has at least Figure 6a , Figure 6b , Figure 6c as well as Figure 6dThe first isolation structure 120 is Figure 6a , Figure 6b , Figure 6c as well as Figure 6d In any of the structural embodiments shown, Figure 8 Similarly to the example shown, the first isolation structure 120 can be set in a dielectric material. Among them, the number of dielectric layers can be set according to the preparation process requirements. In other words, in the embodiment of the present application, the number of dielectric layers can be set according to the process and the structure of the first isolation structure 120. For example, the number of dielectric layers can be one, two, three, four or more layers. The second isolation structure 130 is similar. In the second isolation structure 130, the dielectric material is the same as the above-mentioned dielectric material. Figure 7a , and 7b and Figure 7c In any of the structural embodiments shown, the second isolation structure 130 may be disposed in a dielectric material. Similarly, the number of dielectric layers may be set according to the process and the structure of the second isolation structure 130 .

[0207] In some embodiments of the present application, the second isolation structure 130 may not be provided with the first split resonant ring 132. Figure 9a Provide an exemplary introduction.

[0208] Figure 9a A schematic structural diagram of another second isolation structure 130 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 9a In the embodiment, the second isolation structure 130 includes a first electrical connector 136, a second electrical connector 137, a first conductive segment 138, and a second conductive segment 139. The opposite ends of the first electrical connector 136 are electrically connected to the stratum 110 and the first conductive segment 138, respectively. The opposite ends of the second electrical connector 137 are electrically connected to the stratum 110 and the second conductive segment 139, respectively. The first conductive segment 138 and the second conductive segment 139 both extend along the oy direction, and the first conductive segment 138 and the second conductive segment 139 are both located between the plane where the first electrical connector 136 is located and the plane where the second electrical connector 137 is located. Similarly, the plurality of second isolation structures 130 have a band-stop characteristic in the H plane of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22, and the resonance generated by the coupling of the first isolation structure 120 and the second isolation structure 130 can generate isolation in the working frequency band of the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22.

[0209] In other words, the first conductive segment 138 and the second conductive segment 139 are located between the plane where the first electrical connector 136 is located and the plane where the second electrical connector 137 is located. The plane where the first electrical connector 136 is located is parallel to the ox direction and coplanar with the first electrical connector 136; the plane where the second electrical connector 137 is located is parallel to the ox direction and coplanar with the second electrical connector 137.

[0210] In some embodiments of the present application, a portion of the end of the first conductive segment 138 may be located outside the plane where the first electrical connector 136 is located and the plane where the second electrical connector 137 is located. For example, the length of the portion of the first conductive segment 138 located outside the aforementioned two planes along the oz direction is less than or equal to 0.03a, where a is the maximum dimension of the first radiator 212 along the ox direction. Similarly, in some embodiments, a portion of the end of the second conductive segment 139 may be located outside the plane where the first electrical connector 136 is located and the plane where the second electrical connector 137 is located. For example, the length of the portion of the first conductive segment 138 located outside the aforementioned two planes along the oz direction is less than or equal to 0.03a.

[0211] Similar to the above, Figure 9a In the example, adjusting the size of the second isolation structure 130 can adjust the resonant frequency F2 of the second isolation structure 130 to increase the isolation between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22. In some embodiments, the distance between the first electrical connector 136 and the second electrical connector 137 along the oy direction is t1. The distance between the plane where the first electrical connector 136 is located and the plane where the second electrical connector 137 is located is t1. t1 is 0.27a to 3.5a. Exemplarily, t1 is 0.27a, 0.5a, 1a, 1.5a, 1.6a, 2.1a, 2.2a, 2.6a, 2.8a or 3a, etc. In this way, the resonant center frequency F2 of the multiple second isolation structures 130, 1 / 2F2≤F0<3 / 2F2, F0 is the operating frequency of the first antenna 21.

[0212] In some embodiments of the present application, the distance between two adjacent second isolation structures 130 along the oy direction is t2, and t2≤0.5a. For example, t2 is 0.01a, 0.03a, 0.05a, 0.1a, 0.2a, 0.25a, ​​0.3a, 0.35a, 0.4a or 0.5a, etc. In this way, when t2 is within the aforementioned range, the coupling between the two adjacent second isolation structures 130 can be improved, and the integration of the millimeter wave antenna can be improved while improving the isolation of the two antennas, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the millimeter wave antenna.

[0213] Figure 9a In the example, the first conductive segment 138 and the second conductive segment 139 are spaced apart along the ox direction. Exemplarily, the first conductive segment 138 is further away from the first radiator 212 than the second conductive segment 139. Alternatively, the second conductive segment 139 is further away from the first radiator 212 than the first conductive segment 138.

[0214] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the relative position of the end of the first conductive segment 138 along the oy direction and the end of the second conductive segment 139 along the oy direction. Figure 9aIn the embodiment, the projection of the first conductive segment 138 on the oyz plane overlaps with the projection of the second conductive segment 139 on the oyz plane. In other embodiments, the projection of the first conductive segment 138 on the oyz plane and the projection of the second conductive segment 139 on the oyz plane may partially overlap, or the projection of the first conductive segment 138 on the oyz plane and the projection of the second conductive segment 139 on the oyz plane do not overlap. The oy direction and the oz direction are both parallel to the oyz plane.

[0215] Figure 9b This is a schematic structural diagram of another second isolation structure 130 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 9b and Figure 9a The differences include: the positional relationship between the first conductive segment 138 and the second conductive segment 139 is different. For other structures, please refer to Figure 9a Description of the example shown. Figure 9b In the embodiment, the first conductive segment 138 and the second conductive segment 139 are arranged in a spaced relationship along the oy direction. In this way, the plurality of second isolation structures 130 can also improve the isolation between the two antennas. Figure 9b In the example, the projection of the first conductive segment 138 on the oxz plane overlaps with the projection of the second conductive segment 139 on the oxz plane. In other embodiments, the projection of the first conductive segment 138 on the oxz plane and the projection of the second conductive segment 139 on the oxz plane may partially overlap or not overlap. The ox direction and the oz direction are both parallel to the oxz plane. Figure 9b In the embodiment of the present invention, the second isolation structure 130 can be regarded as a slot structure. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the second isolation structure 130 can also be a slot structure of other shapes.

[0216] The second isolation structure 130 is Figure 9a or Figure 9b In any embodiment of the structure of the present invention, the second isolation structure 130 can also be arranged in the dielectric material, and the arrangement method is the same as the above Figure 8 Alternatively, in other embodiments, the second isolation structure 130 may also be disposed in air or vacuum, which is not limited here.

[0217] In the embodiment of the present application, the first isolation structure 120 may have a variety of structures, including but not limited to Figure 6a , Figure 6b , Figure 6c as well as Figure 6d The second isolation structure 130 may have a variety of structures, including but not limited to Figure 7a , and 7b, Figure 7c , Figure 9a as well as Figure 9bThe structure of the first isolation structure 120 and the structure of the second isolation structure 130 can be independently selected as any structure. In other words, the first isolation structure 120 and the second isolation structure 130 in the antenna module 100 can be arbitrarily combined. And the antenna module 100 has a good isolation degree, which can reduce the distance between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22.

[0218] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, due to the excellent isolation between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22, the distance between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 along the x direction can be small, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna module 100. For example, the minimum distance between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 along the x direction is m, and m is 0.016a to 2.5a. The distance between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 along the x direction is within the aforementioned range. When the distance is close, the coupling amount between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 is low. The band-stop characteristics of the first isolation structure 120 and the second isolation structure 130 can make the antenna module 100 have the advantage of high isolation. For example, m can be 0.016a, 0.03a, 0.05a, 0.1a, 0.2a, 0.5a, 0.8a, 1.1a, 1.3a, 1.6a, 1.8a, 2a, 2.3a or 2.5a, etc.

[0219] In addition, the antenna module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is suitable for environments with dielectric or metal loading around it, as well as scenarios with a large reference ground area, and can maintain high isolation in the aforementioned scenarios.

[0220] Accordingly, the antenna module 100 is mounted on the printed circuit board 13 (eg Figure 2 For example, in some embodiments, the antenna module 100 can be located near the center of the printed circuit board 13. In this way, even if the ground layer 110 of the antenna module 100 is connected to a larger reference ground, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can achieve high isolation. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the antenna module 100 can be located at the edge of the printed circuit board 13, for example, the antenna module 100 and the back cover 15 (such as Figure 2 In the embodiment where the material of the back cover 15 is metal or plastic, even if the distance between the antenna module 100 and the back cover 15 is relatively close, the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22 can achieve high isolation. In the embodiment where the material of the back cover 15 is metal, a skylight can be provided in the vertical projection area of ​​the antenna module 100 on the back cover 15 to allow the signal radiated by the antenna module 100 to propagate outside the back cover 15. The aforementioned antenna module 100 and the back cover 15 (as shown) are connected to each other. Figure 2 The distance between the printed circuit board 13 (as shown) can be Figure 2The dimension in the thickness direction (as shown) may also be the dimension in the width direction of the printed circuit board 13. This shows that the antenna module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application has excellent ability to resist the environment, and the antenna module 100 can be used in a variety of environments to show its excellent isolation performance.

[0221] As mentioned above, in the embodiment of the present application, the antenna array includes a plurality of antenna pairs. When the antenna module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is used in the antenna array scenario, high isolation between antennas can also be achieved.

[0222] Fig.9c A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array. Fig.9c In the embodiment, the antenna array includes two antenna modules 100, and the two antenna modules 100 are arranged side by side. Fig.9c In the example, the two antenna modules 100 share the second isolation structure 130, which can reduce the volume of the antenna array while providing good isolation between the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 22. It is understood that in other embodiments, the two antenna modules 100 can share the first isolation structure 120.

[0223] exist Fig.9c In the example, one antenna is used as a transmitting antenna and three antennas are used as receiving antennas. Or one antenna is used as a transmitting antenna and two antennas are used as receiving antennas, which can also achieve broadband high isolation between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna.

[0224] The following combination Figure 10a-10f The performance of an antenna module 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application is described. Figure 10a-10f The example shown in the figure is that the antenna module is: the first isolation structure is the aforementioned Figure 6a The first isolation structure 120 and the second isolation structure are Figure 7b The antenna module of the second isolation structure 130 is shown.

[0225] The antenna pair of the first comparative example described below does not have an isolation structure. The antenna pair of the second comparative example includes Figure 6a The first isolation structure 120 shown in the figure does not have an antenna pair of the second isolation structure. The antenna pair of the third comparative example includes Figure 7b The second isolation structure 130 shown is not provided with the antenna pair of the first isolation structure.

[0226] Fig.10a This is the S11 parameter curve of the antenna module. Fig.10a In the figure, n1 is the reflection coefficient curve of the antenna pair of the first comparison example, n2 is the reflection coefficient curve of the antenna pair of the second comparison example, n3 is the reflection coefficient curve of the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application, and n4 is the reflection coefficient curve of the antenna pair of the third comparison example.

[0227] As can be seen from 10a, the antenna of the first comparison example and the antenna of the second comparison example both have a resonance point in the indicated frequency band (23GHz-27GHz). The antenna pair of the third comparison example has two resonance points in the indicated frequency band (23GHz-27GHz). The antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application has a resonance point, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application is significantly improved.

[0228] Fig.10b This is the S21 parameter curve of the antenna module. Fig.10b In the figure, m1 is the isolation curve of the antenna pair of the first comparison example, m2 is the isolation curve of the antenna pair of the second comparison example, m3 is the isolation curve of the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application, and m4 is the isolation curve of the antenna pair of the third comparison example.

[0229] from Fig.10b It can be seen that the antenna pair with only the second isolation structure (the antenna pair of the third control example) has no obvious isolation pit, and the isolation is close to 30dB at 23GHz to 25.5GHz. The antenna pair with only the first isolation structure (the antenna pair of the second control example) has an isolation pit around 23.5GHz. The antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application has an isolation greater than 35dB bandwidth that can cover 24GHz to 25.5GHz.

[0230] Fig.10c This is the gain curve of the antenna module. Fig.10c In the figure, p1 is the gain curve of the antenna pair of the first comparison example, p2 is the gain curve of the antenna pair of the second comparison example, p3 is the gain curve of the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application, and p4 is the gain curve of the antenna pair of the third comparison example. Fig.10c It can be seen that compared with the antenna pair without an isolation structure (the antenna pair of the first comparison example), the gain of the antenna pair with only the first isolation structure (the antenna pair of the second comparison example) and the antenna pair with only the second isolation structure (the antenna pair of the third comparison example) are slightly improved; the gain of the antenna module provided by the embodiment of the present application is improved by about 1dB. Because both the first isolation structure and the second isolation structure can suppress the surface wave of the antenna, the secondary radiation of the first isolation structure and the second isolation structure can improve the antenna gain.

[0231] Fig.10d This is the radiation efficiency curve of the antenna module. Fig.10d In the figure, g1 is the radiation efficiency curve of the antenna pair of the first comparison example, g2 is the radiation efficiency curve of the antenna pair of the second comparison example, g3 is the radiation efficiency curve of the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application, and g4 is the radiation efficiency curve of the antenna pair of the third comparison example.

[0232] from Fig.10d It can be seen that compared with the antenna pair without an isolation structure (the antenna pair of the first control example), the radiation efficiency of the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application is only reduced by 0.05 dB, indicating that the first isolation structure and the second isolation structure provided in the embodiment of the present application have little effect on the radiation efficiency.

[0233] Fig.10e This is the antenna radiation pattern of the antenna pair of the first comparison example. Fig.10e It can be seen that the antenna pattern has a split-lobe problem and the beam is not focused. Fig.10f The antenna pattern of the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.10e and Fig.10f It can be seen from the comparison that the side lobes of the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application are basically gone, and the beam is more concentrated. Fig.10e In the figure, the gain of the antenna of the first comparison example is 5.6dBi. Fig.10f In the embodiment of the present application, the gain of the antenna module provided is 6.55dBi. This indicates that the multiple first isolation structures and multiple second isolation structures provided in the embodiment of the present application increase the gain of the antenna by about 1dB. This indicates that both the first isolation structure and the second isolation structure can suppress the surface wave utilization of the antenna, and the secondary radiation of the first isolation structure and the second isolation structure can increase the antenna gain.

[0234] Fig.10e and Fig.10f Only one performance of the antenna module is exemplified. It is understandable that the antenna module including any first isolation structure and any second isolation structure provided in the embodiments of the present application has the advantages of more concentrated beam, improved antenna gain, low radiation efficiency loss, significantly improved impedance bandwidth and high isolation.

[0235] The above discussion discusses the isolation structure in which the first antenna and the second antenna in the antenna pair have the same operating frequency band. In some embodiments of the present application, the first antenna and the second antenna in the antenna pair may have different operating frequency bands. For example, the center frequency of the first antenna operating frequency band is less than the center frequency of the second antenna operating frequency band. Fig.11a An exemplary description is given.

[0236] Fig.11a A schematic structural diagram of another antenna module 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.11a In the embodiment, the antenna module 200 includes: a floor 210, a low frequency antenna 220, a high frequency antenna 230 and a plurality of isolation components 240. The low frequency antenna 220 and the high frequency antenna 230 are both connected to the floor 210. The structures of the low frequency antenna 220 and the high frequency antenna 230 are shown in FIG. Figure 4 For the description of the first antenna 21, please refer to the connection method of the low-frequency antenna 220 and the floor 210. Figure 4 The first antenna 21 and the ground layer 110 are described in detail in the above description, and are not repeated here. The center frequency of the low frequency antenna 220 is less than the center frequency of the high frequency antenna 230.

[0237] The "low frequency" in the aforementioned low frequency antenna 220 means that the center frequency of its operating frequency band is less than the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the high frequency antenna 230, and does not limit the maximum frequency of its operating frequency band. Similarly, the aforementioned "high frequency" means that the center frequency of its operating frequency band is greater than the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the low frequency antenna 220, and does not limit the minimum frequency of its operating frequency band.

[0238] Fig.11a In the example, multiple isolation components 240 are arranged around the high-frequency antenna 230. The isolation component 240 includes a conductive strip 241 and a first conductive column 242. The floor 210, the first conductive column 242 and the conductive strip 241 are stacked, and the multiple conductive strips 241 are arranged at intervals along the outer periphery of the high-frequency antenna 230. One end of the first conductive column 242 is electrically connected to the floor 210, and the other end of the first conductive column 242 is electrically connected to the conductive strip 241. In this way, the resonance generated by the multiple isolation components 240 arranged around the high-frequency antenna 230 can generate efficiency and gain pits in the working frequency band of the low-frequency antenna 220, thereby improving the isolation between the low-frequency antenna 220 and the high-frequency antenna 230 with different center frequencies.

[0239] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the size of the plurality of isolation components 240. For example, in some embodiments, the length of the conductive strip 241 is v, and v is 0.3λ to 0.7λ, for example, v can be 0.3λ, 0.4λ, 0.5λ, 0.6λ or 0.7λ. λ is the wavelength in vacuum corresponding to the notch isolation frequency point of the low-frequency antenna 220. The length of the conductive strip 241 at the high-frequency antenna 230 is within the above range, so that the isolation component 240 has a band-stop characteristic in the working frequency band of the low-frequency antenna 220, thereby improving the isolation between the low-frequency antenna 220 and the high-frequency antenna 230.

[0240] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the connection position of the first conductive column 242 and the conductive strip 241. In some embodiments, the first conductive column 242 is connected to the center of the conductive strip 241. For example, the projection of the first conductive column 242 on the surface of the conductive strip 241 covers the center of the conductive strip 241. In this way, the isolation component 240 has excellent band-stop characteristics in the working frequency band of the low-frequency antenna 220.

[0241] Fig.11aIn the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna module 200 further includes a plurality of second conductive posts 251 and a conductive ring 252. The conductive ring 252 is arranged around the low-frequency antenna 220. The conductive ring 252 and the floor 210 are stacked and connected end to end. One end of the second conductive post 251 is electrically connected to the floor 210, and the other end of the second conductive post 251 is electrically connected to the conductive ring 252. The conductive ring 252 and the low-frequency antenna 220 are electrically isolated.

[0242] In this way, the resonance generated by the multiple second conductive pillars 251 and the conductive rings 252 surrounding the low frequency antenna 220 can generate an enclosed cavity in the working frequency band of the high frequency antenna 230, thereby improving the isolation between the low frequency antenna 220 and the high frequency antenna 230 with different center frequencies.

[0243] Fig.11b A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna module 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.11a and Fig.11b The differences include: the low frequency antenna 220 and the high frequency antenna 230 have different structures, and the conductive strip 241 has different structures. Fig.11a The description is not repeated here.

[0244] Fig.11b In the embodiment, the low frequency antenna 220 includes two layers of radiation patches 351 spaced apart from each other, and the two layers of radiation patches 351 are spaced apart from each other in the thickness direction of the floor 210. In some embodiments, the two layers of radiation patches 351 are electrically isolated. In other embodiments, the two layers of radiation patches 351 are electrically connected. Similarly, the high frequency antenna 230 also includes two layers of radiation patches 351 spaced apart from each other.

[0245] Fig.11b In the embodiment, the conductive strip 241 includes a first metal line 243, a second metal line 244 and a metal via 245. The floor 210, the first metal line 243 and the second metal line 244 are stacked. One end of the first metal line 243 and the second metal line 244 are electrically connected through the metal via 245. The middle of the first conductive column 242 and the second metal line 244 are electrically connected. In this way, the area of ​​the projection of the conductive strip 241 on the floor 210 is reduced without reducing the length of the conductive strip 241, which is conducive to reducing the volume occupied by the conductive strip 241.

[0246] Fig.11b In the embodiment, the conductive strip 241 includes two second metal wires 244 and two metal vias 245. The two metal vias 245 are respectively electrically connected to two opposite ends of the second metal wire 244. The two second metal wires 244 and the two metal vias 245 are connected in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0247] Fig.12a for Fig.11a The reflection curve of the low-frequency antenna in the antenna module shown. Fig.12a In FIG. 1 , curve u1 is the S11 parameter curve of one port (for example, named as port 1) of the low-frequency antenna, and curve u2 is the S22 parameter curve of another port (for example, named as port 2) of the low-frequency antenna. It can be seen that the operating frequency band of the low-frequency antenna is 24.6 GHz to 33 GHz.

[0248] Figure 12b for Fig.11a The reflection curve of the high-frequency antenna in the antenna module shown. Figure 12b In FIG. 1 , curve u3 is the S33 parameter curve of one port (for example, named as port 3) of the high frequency antenna, and curve u4 is the S44 parameter curve of another port (for example, named as port 4) of the high frequency antenna. It can be seen that the operating frequency band of the high frequency antenna is 37 GHz to 45 GHz.

[0249] Fig.12c for Fig.11a The isolation curve of the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna in the antenna module shown. Fig.12c In FIG. 1 , curve u5 is an isolation curve of S31 between port 1 of the low-frequency antenna and port 3 of the high-frequency antenna. Curve u6 is an isolation curve of S41 between port 1 of the low-frequency antenna and port 4 of the high-frequency antenna. Curve u7 is an isolation curve of S23 between port 2 of the low-frequency antenna and port 3 of the high-frequency antenna. Curve u8 is an isolation curve of S24 between port 2 of the low-frequency antenna and port 4 of the high-frequency antenna. Fig.12c It can be seen that in the 24.25GHz-29.5GHz and 38GHz-42GHz frequency bands, both the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna are less than 25dB.

[0250] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that: The antenna module comprises: Strata; A first antenna and a second antenna having the same working frequency band; the first antenna comprises a first feeder and a first radiator; the first feeder and the first radiator are edge-coupled; the second antenna comprises a second feeder and a second radiator; the second feeder and the second radiator are edge-coupled; the first radiator and the second radiator are respectively stacked with the ground layer and spaced apart; A plurality of first isolation structures are arranged at intervals on one side of the first radiator and the second radiator; the plurality of first isolation structures are distributed at intervals along a first direction; the first isolation structure comprises a first conductive sheet stacked and electrically connected to the ground layer; the first direction is parallel to a line connecting the center of the first radiator and a vertical projection of the first feeding portion on the first radiator; A plurality of second isolation structures are arranged on one side of the first radiator and the second radiator; the plurality of second isolation structures are spaced apart along a second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; the second isolation structure comprises a wire and a first open resonant ring both electrically isolated from the formation, the opening of the first open resonant ring faces away from the formation; the wire and the first open resonant ring are both parallel to the second direction, and the wires of two adjacent second isolation structures are electrically connected.

2. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first isolation structure also includes a first conductive column, one end of which is electrically connected to the ground formation, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the first conductive sheet, and a vertical projection of the first conductive column on the first conductive sheet is located within the first conductive sheet.

3. The antenna module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A vertical projection of the first conductive column on the first conductive sheet covers a center of the first conductive sheet.

4. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first isolation structure also includes a second conductive sheet, which is located on a side of the first conductive sheet away from the formation, and is spaced apart from the first conductive sheet; a vertical projection of the first conductive column on the second conductive sheet is located within the second conductive sheet.

5. The antenna module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first isolation structure further includes a second conductive column, and opposite ends of the second conductive column are electrically connected to the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet respectively.

6. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The surface of the first split resonant ring facing away from the stratum is located between the conductor and the stratum; Alternatively, a surface of the first split resonant ring facing away from the formation is coplanar with the conductive wire, or the conductive wire is located between a surface of the first split resonant ring facing away from the formation and the formation.

7. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A surface of the first split resonant ring facing the formation is coplanar with the formation.

8. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The second isolation structure further includes: a second open resonant ring, the second open resonant ring is parallel to the second direction, and the opening of the second open resonant ring faces the stratum; the wire, the second open resonant ring, the first open resonant ring and the stratum are electrically isolated from each other; The second open resonant ring is spaced apart from the first open resonant ring along the first direction, or the first open resonant ring is arranged on the outer periphery of the second open resonant ring.

9. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The dimension of the first conductive sheet along the first direction is 0.055a to 3.5a, where a is the maximum dimension of the first radiator along the first direction.

10. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent first conductive sheets along the first direction is ≤0.25a, ​​where a is the maximum size of the first radiator along the first direction.

11. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The distance between two opposite ends of the first split resonant ring along the second direction is 0.055a to 0.75a, where a is the maximum dimension of the first radiator along the first direction.

12. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent first split resonant rings along the second direction is ≤0.25a, ​​where a is the maximum size of the first radiator along the first direction.

13. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The maximum size of the first radiator along the first direction is a, where a is 0.2λ to 0.9λ, and λ is the wavelength in vacuum corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first antenna.

14. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: A line connecting a center of the second radiator and a vertical projection of the second feeding portion on the second radiator is parallel to the first direction.

15. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The first radiator and the second radiator are both sheet structures, the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the plane where the sheet structure is located, the first isolation structure is arranged on one side of the sheet structure along the second direction, and the second isolation structure is arranged on one side of the sheet structure along the first direction.

16. An antenna module, characterized in that: The antenna module comprises: Strata; A first antenna and a second antenna having the same working frequency band; the first antenna comprises a first feeder and a first radiator; the first feeder and the first radiator are edge-coupled; the second antenna comprises a second feeder and a second radiator; the second feeder and the second radiator are edge-coupled; the first radiator and the second radiator are respectively stacked with the ground layer and spaced apart; A plurality of first isolation structures are arranged at intervals on one side of the first radiator and the second radiator; the plurality of first isolation structures are distributed at intervals along a first direction; the first isolation structure comprises a first conductive sheet electrically connected to the stratum; the first direction is parallel to a line connecting the center of the first radiator and a vertical projection of the first feeding portion on the first radiator; A plurality of second isolation structures are arranged on one side of the first radiator and the second radiator; the plurality of second isolation structures are spaced apart along a second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; the second isolation structure comprises a first electrical connector, a second electrical connector, a first conductive segment and a second conductive segment; the opposite ends of the first electrical connector are electrically connected to the stratum and the first conductive segment respectively; the opposite ends of the second electrical connector are electrically connected to the stratum and the second conductive segment respectively; the first conductive segment and the second conductive segment both extend along the second direction and are located between the plane where the first electrical connector is located and the plane where the second electrical connector is located.

17. The antenna module according to claim 16, characterized in that: The first conductive segment and the second conductive segment are arranged at intervals along the second direction; Alternatively, the first conductive segment and the second conductive segment are spaced apart from each other along the first direction.

18. The antenna module according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that: A distance between the first electrical connection member and the second electrical connection member along the second direction is 0.27a to 3.5a, where a is a maximum dimension of the first radiator along the first direction.

19. The antenna module according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent second isolation structures along the second direction is ≤0.5a, where a is the maximum dimension of the first antenna along the first direction.

20. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: a printed circuit board and the antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 19, and the ground layer is grounded to the printed circuit board.

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