Battery charging method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a battery charging method and device, is applied to the technical field of batteries, and aims to solve the problems of low battery charging speed and long charging time. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the temperature of a battery and the initial state of charge (SOC) of the battery at the initial charging moment; determining a target charging map from multiple sets of pre-configured charging maps according to the temperature of the battery at the initial charging moment and the initial SOC; wherein the charging map is used for representing corresponding charging rates of the battery at different temperatures and different SOCs; the target charging map meets a preset condition; the preset condition comprises at least one of the following conditions: in a plurality of sets of pre-configured charging maps, the temperature of the battery and the charging rate corresponding to the initial SOC at the initial charging moment of the target charging map are the highest; the average value of the temperature of the battery and the charging multiplying power corresponding to the SOC interval where the initial SOC is located at the initial charging moment of the target charging map is maximum in the multiple sets of pre-configured charging maps; and charging according to the target charging map. The method is applied to the battery charging process.

Description

Battery charging method and device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery charging method and device. Background Art

[0002] The battery's charge rate affects the charging speed. The charge rate is primarily based on the battery's state of charge (SOC) and temperature. It is determined by querying the relationship between battery temperature, SOC, and charge rate (also known as a charging map). Using a high charge rate can speed up charging and shorten charging time. However, existing charging strategies are imperfect, resulting in slow charging and prolonged charging times.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a battery charging method and device, which can increase the battery charging speed and shorten the charging time.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a battery charging method. The method includes obtaining a battery temperature and a battery initial state of charge (SOC) at a start of charging, determining a target charging map from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps based on the battery temperature and the battery initial state of charge (SOC), and performing charging according to the target charging map.

[0007] In this way, when charging the battery, based on the battery temperature and battery state of charge at the start of charging, charging is quickly performed according to the matching target charging map from multiple pre-configured charging maps, thereby improving the battery charging speed and shortening the battery charging time.

[0008] According to the first aspect, the target charging map satisfies a preset condition.

[0009] In some examples, the preset condition includes at least one of the following: among the multiple preconfigured charging maps, the target charging map has the highest charge rate corresponding to the battery temperature and the starting SOC at the start of charging; among the multiple preconfigured charging maps, the target charging map has the highest average charge rate corresponding to the SOC range in which the battery temperature and the starting SOC are located at the start of charging.

[0010] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the charging map is used to indicate the charging rates of the battery at different temperatures and different SOCs.

[0011] In some examples, the charging rate is the maximum charging rate, that is, the highest value that the charging rate can reach when the battery is charged at a certain temperature and a certain state of charge.

[0012] In some examples, the charge rates corresponding to the same temperature and the same SOC in different charging maps are the same or different.

[0013] In this way, when charging the battery, a matching target charging map is determined based on the battery temperature and state of charge at the start of charging, and charging is performed according to the highest charge rate in the target charging map, which can significantly improve the charging speed.

[0014] In some examples, when the battery is charging, the temperature sensor obtains the temperature of the battery at the start of charging.

[0015] In some examples, when the battery is charging, the initial state of charge of the battery at the start of charging is calculated according to a state of charge prediction algorithm.

[0016] In some examples, when the battery is charging, the starting voltage of the battery at the start of charging is obtained, and the starting state of charge corresponding to the starting voltage is determined based on the corresponding relationship between voltage and state of charge.

[0017] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, before obtaining the battery temperature and the battery state of charge (SOC) at the start of charging, the method further includes: determining multiple temperature values, setting multiple charging rates for multiple first states of charge corresponding to each temperature value, and obtaining multiple sets of charging maps.

[0018] In some examples, the multiple temperature values ​​may be common temperature values ​​obtained through experiments.

[0019] In some examples, within the safe temperature range of the battery, the safe temperature range of the battery is pre-divided into multiple temperature intervals, and the boundary temperature of each temperature interval is determined as the temperature value to be selected.

[0020] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect, the first state of charge may be all or part of the states of charge predetermined from all states of charge of the battery.

[0021] In some examples, each state of charge of the battery is determined to be a first state of charge.

[0022] In some examples, a partial state of charge is determined to be the first state of charge based on historical data or experience; or, a partial state of charge is determined to be the first state of charge based on battery parameter information; or, the battery's state of charge is divided into multiple state of charge intervals, and the boundary state of charge of each state of charge interval is determined to be the first state of charge.

[0023] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the charge rate corresponding to each first state of charge at a certain temperature can be obtained by experimental calculation.

[0024] In some examples, the charge rate is determined by a three-electrode detection method, and the multiple charge rates set should meet constraints such as "no lithium deposition in the battery" and "minimum charging time".

[0025] In this way, multiple charging maps can be preconfigured based on temperature values ​​and the first state of charge determined in different ways. This facilitates determining a target charging map that best matches the battery temperature and state of charge at the start of charging. Furthermore, the battery can be efficiently charged according to different charging maps in different charging scenarios.

[0026] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, determining a target charging map from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps based on the battery temperature and SOC at the start of charging includes: determining, in each charging map, a charging rate corresponding to the battery temperature and starting SOC at the start of charging; and determining, from among multiple charging rates corresponding to the plurality of charging maps, a charging map with the highest charging rate as the target charging map.

[0027] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, determining a target charge map from a plurality of preconfigured charge maps based on the battery temperature and SOC at the start of charging, further includes: determining, based on the battery temperature at the start of charging, whether there are multiple charge maps corresponding to that temperature in the multiple charge maps; if so, determining, based on the battery's initial state of charge at the start of charging, a charge map with a higher charge rate from the multiple charge maps corresponding to that temperature as the target charge map. If no charge map corresponding to that temperature exists, determining a target temperature that matches the battery temperature at the start of charging; and determining, based on the battery's initial state of charge at the start of charging, a charge map with a higher charge rate from the multiple charge maps corresponding to that target temperature as the target charge map.

[0028] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, determining a target charging map from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps based on the battery temperature and SOC at the start of charging includes: determining, based on the battery temperature at the start of charging, a charging map having a maximum average value of charging rates corresponding to the SOC range in which the battery's initial state of charge is located as the target charging map.

[0029] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, determining the average value of the charge rate corresponding to the SOC interval includes: performing an integral calculation based on the length of the SOC interval and multiple preconfigured charging maps to determine the average value of the charge rate corresponding to each charging map in the SOC interval. Alternatively, determining the average value of the charge rate corresponding to each charging map in the SOC interval based on multiple charge rates for each charging map in the SOC interval.

[0030] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, after obtaining multiple charging maps, the method further includes: determining, for the same temperature, multiple calibrated SOC intervals based on the multiple charging maps, where the calibrated SOC intervals are used to indicate multiple SOC intervals corresponding to the same temperature; and determining, from the multiple charging maps, a charging map corresponding to each calibrated SOC interval at the same temperature.

[0031] In some examples, after obtaining multiple sets of charging maps, for the same temperature, a second state of charge is determined based on the multiple sets of charging maps; a calibrated SOC interval is determined based on the second state of charge; and a charging map corresponding to each calibrated SOC interval at the temperature is determined.

[0032] In some examples, the second state of charge is a state of charge corresponding to a maximum value and the same value among multiple charging rates of multiple sets of charging maps at the same temperature.

[0033] In some examples, after determining the second state of charge, the battery's state of charge is divided into multiple calibrated SOC intervals using the second state of charge as a dividing point. For a certain calibrated SOC interval, if multiple charging maps have the same charging rate corresponding to the calibrated interval, the charging map with a higher charging rate corresponding to the adjacent calibrated interval after the calibrated interval is determined as the charging map corresponding to the calibrated interval. If multiple charging maps have different charging rates corresponding to the calibrated interval, the charging map with a higher charging rate corresponding to the calibrated interval is determined as the charging map corresponding to the calibrated interval.

[0034] In some examples, based on overall charging speed and battery safety considerations, the battery state of charge is divided into multiple calibrated SOC intervals with some second states of charge as dividing points.

[0035] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, based on multiple charging maps with calibrated SOC intervals, determining a target charging map from the preconfigured multiple charging maps according to the battery temperature and the starting SOC at the start of charging includes: determining a target calibration interval corresponding to the battery's starting SOC at the start of charging; and determining the charging map corresponding to the target calibration interval at the battery temperature at the start of charging as the target charging map.

[0036] In this way, after obtaining multiple sets of charging maps, the charging map is calibrated according to the information in the multiple sets of charging maps. In subsequent use, the target charging map can be quickly determined based on the calibrated information, thereby improving the efficiency of determining the target charging map.

[0037] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the multiple charging maps include a first charging map and a second charging map. In the first charging map, an average value of a charge rate set when the battery temperature is a first temperature and the battery state of charge is within a first SOC range is greater than an average value of a charge rate set when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is within the first SOC range in the second charging map. In the first charging map, an average value of a charge rate set when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is within the second SOC range is less than an average value of a charge rate set when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is within the second SOC range in the second charging map. Determining a target charging map from the multiple preconfigured charging maps based on the battery temperature and starting SOC at a start of charging includes: determining the first charging map as the target charging map if the battery temperature is the first temperature and the starting SOC of the battery at the start of charging is within the first SOC range; and determining the second charging map as the target charging map if the battery temperature is the first temperature and the starting SOC of the battery at the start of charging is within the second SOC range.

[0038] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the method further includes: if the SOC of the battery does not reach the target SOC value after the previous charging of the battery is completed, and the battery is charged again after being discharged, if the difference between the first SOC of the battery at the end of the previous charging and the second SOC of the battery at the start of recharging is less than a threshold value, then recharging is performed according to the target map determined in the previous charging process.

[0039] In some examples, when the SOC of the battery does not reach the target SOC value after the previous charging of the battery, and the battery is charged again after self-discharging, if the difference between the first SOC of the battery at the end of the previous charging and the second SOC of the battery at the start of recharging is less than a first preset threshold, recharging is performed according to the target map determined in the previous charging process.

[0040] In some examples, the first preset threshold is a maximum threshold value of the state of charge consumed by the battery during self-discharge without lithium deposition, which is determined in advance by experiments.

[0041] In some examples, when the battery's SOC does not reach a target SOC value after a previous charge, and the battery is recharged after self-discharging, if the difference between the battery's first SOC at the end of the previous charge and the battery's second SOC at the start of recharging is not less than a first preset threshold, a target charging map is determined from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps based on the battery's temperature and second SOC at the start of recharging, and recharging is performed according to the target charging map.

[0042] In some examples, when the SOC of the battery does not reach the target SOC value after the previous charging of the battery, and the battery is charged again after cyclic discharge, if the difference between the third SOC of the battery at the end of the previous charging and the fourth SOC of the battery at the start of recharging is less than a second preset threshold, recharging is performed according to the target map determined in the previous charging process.

[0043] In some examples, the second preset threshold is a maximum threshold value of the state of charge consumed by the battery during cyclic discharge without lithium deposition, which is predetermined through experiments.

[0044] In some examples, when the battery's SOC does not reach a target SOC value after a previous charge, and the battery is recharged after cyclic discharge, if the difference between a third SOC of the battery at the end of the previous charge and a fourth SOC of the battery at the start of recharging is not less than a second preset threshold, a target charge map is determined from a plurality of preconfigured charge maps based on the battery temperature and the fourth SOC at the start of recharging, and recharging is performed according to the target charge map.

[0045] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the second preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold.

[0046] This allows the battery to be charged according to different charging maps based on different usage scenarios. When the battery is slightly depleted and needs to be charged again, it will be charged according to the target charging map used last time, minimizing battery loss. This ensures safe charging while maintaining charging speed, improving charging efficiency and reliability, and enhancing the user's charging experience.

[0047] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a battery charging device. The device includes an acquisition module for acquiring the battery temperature and the battery's initial state of charge (SOC) at the start of charging; a determination module for determining a target charging map from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps based on the battery temperature and the initial SOC at the start of charging; and a charging module for performing charging according to the target charging map.

[0048] According to the second aspect, the target charging map satisfies a preset condition.

[0049] In some examples, the preset condition includes at least one of the following: among the multiple preconfigured charging maps, the target charging map has the highest charge rate corresponding to the battery temperature and the starting SOC at the start of charging; among the multiple preconfigured charging maps, the target charging map has the highest average charge rate corresponding to the SOC range in which the battery temperature and the starting SOC are located at the start of charging.

[0050] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the second aspect above, the charging map is used to indicate the charging rates of the battery at different temperatures and different SOCs.

[0051] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the second aspect, the charging rates corresponding to the same temperature and the same SOC in different charging maps are the same or different.

[0052] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the second aspect above, the determination module is further configured to determine, in each charging map, a charge rate corresponding to the battery temperature and the starting SOC at the start of charging.

[0053] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the second aspect above, the determination module is further configured to determine, from among multiple charging rates corresponding to multiple sets of charging maps, a charging map with the highest charging rate as the target charging map.

[0054] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the second aspect above, the multiple charging maps include a first charging map and a second charging map; in the first charging map, the average value of the charging rate set when the battery temperature is a first temperature and the battery state of charge is within a first SOC range is greater than the average value of the charging rate set when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is within the first SOC range in the second charging map; and in the first charging map, the average value of the charging rate set when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is within the second SOC range is less than the average value of the charging rate set when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is within the second SOC range in the second charging map. The determination module is further configured to determine the first charging map as the target charging map if, at the start of charging, the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery's starting SOC is within the first SOC range.

[0055] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the second aspect above, the determination module is further configured to determine the second charging map as the target charging map if the temperature of the battery at the start of charging is the first temperature and the SOC interval within which the starting SOC of the battery at the start of charging is located is the second SOC interval.

[0056] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the second aspect above, the device further includes a safety module; the safety module is configured to, when the battery SOC does not reach the target SOC value after the previous charging of the battery, and the battery is recharged after being discharged, if the difference between the first SOC of the battery at the end of the previous charging and the second SOC of the battery at the start of recharging is less than a threshold value, then recharging according to the target map determined in the previous charging process.

[0057] In some examples, the safety module is further configured to, when the SOC of the battery does not reach the target SOC value after the previous charging of the battery is completed, and the battery is recharged after self-discharging, if the difference between the first SOC of the battery at the end of the previous charging and the second SOC of the battery at the start of recharging is less than a first preset threshold, then recharging is performed according to the target map determined in the previous charging process.

[0058] In some examples, the first preset threshold is a maximum threshold value of the state of charge consumed by the battery during self-discharge without lithium deposition, which is predetermined through experiments.

[0059] In some examples, the safety module is further configured to, when the SOC of the battery does not reach a target SOC value after a previous charge of the battery, and the battery is recharged after self-discharge, determine a target charging map from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps based on the battery temperature and the second SOC at the start of recharging, if a difference between a first SOC of the battery at the end of the previous charge and a second SOC of the battery at the start of recharging is not less than a first preset threshold, and perform recharging according to the target charging map.

[0060] In some examples, the safety module is further configured to, when the SOC of the battery does not reach the target SOC value after the previous charging of the battery is completed, and the battery is charged again after cyclic discharge, if the difference between the third SOC of the battery at the end of the previous charging and the fourth SOC of the battery at the start of recharging is less than a second preset threshold, then recharging is performed according to the target map determined in the previous charging process.

[0061] In some examples, the second preset threshold is a maximum threshold value of the state of charge consumed by the battery during cyclic discharge without lithium deposition, which is predetermined through experiments.

[0062] In some examples, the safety module is further configured to, when the SOC of the battery does not reach a target SOC value after a previous charge of the battery is completed and the battery is recharged after cyclic discharge, determine a target charging map from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps based on the battery temperature and the fourth SOC at the start of recharging, if a difference between a third SOC of the battery at the end of the previous charge and a fourth SOC of the battery at the start of recharging is not less than a second preset threshold, and perform recharging according to the target charging map.

[0063] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the above two aspects, the second preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold.

[0064] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the second aspect above, the device also includes a configuration module; the configuration module is used to determine multiple temperature values ​​before obtaining the battery temperature and the battery state of charge (SOC) at the start of charging, and set multiple charging rates for multiple first states of charge corresponding to each temperature value to obtain multiple sets of charging maps; wherein the first state of charge is all or part of the state of charge predetermined from all states of charge of the battery.

[0065] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the second aspect above, the device further includes a calibration module; the calibration module is configured to, after obtaining multiple sets of charging maps, determine multiple calibrated SOC intervals for the same temperature based on the multiple sets of charging maps, wherein the calibrated SOC intervals are used to indicate multiple SOC intervals corresponding to the same temperature.

[0066] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the second aspect above, the calibration module is further configured to determine, from the plurality of charging maps, a charging map corresponding to each calibrated SOC interval at the same temperature.

[0067] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the second aspect above, the determination module is further configured to determine a target calibration interval corresponding to a starting SOC of the battery at a start time of charging.

[0068] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the second aspect above, the determination module is further configured to determine a charging map corresponding to a target calibration interval at the battery temperature at the start of charging as a target charging map.

[0069] In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device. The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, the memory being coupled to the processor and configured to store computer-readable instructions. When the processor reads the computer-readable instructions from the memory, the electronic device executes the method of the first aspect and any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0070] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system comprising at least one processor and at least one interface circuit, wherein the at least one interface circuit is used to perform transceiver functions and send instructions to the at least one processor, the at least one processor executes instructions, and the at least one processor executes the method of the first aspect and any one of the implementations of the first aspect.

[0071] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program (also referred to as instructions or code), which, when executed by an electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform the method of the first aspect and any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0072] In a sixth aspect, a computer program product is provided. When the computer program product is run on an electronic device, the electronic device executes the method of the first aspect and any one of the implementation methods of the first aspect.

[0073] In a seventh aspect, a vehicle is provided, comprising the device of the second aspect and any one embodiment of the second aspect.

[0074] The technical effects corresponding to the second to seventh aspects and any implementation method of each aspect can be referred to the technical effects corresponding to the above-mentioned first aspect and any implementation method of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0075] FIG1 is a system architecture diagram of a battery charging system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG4 is a schematic flow chart of a battery charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a battery charging scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] FIG6 is a second schematic diagram of a battery charging scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, “ / ” means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; “and / or” in this article is merely a way to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0083] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0084] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more. In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete way.

[0085] First, some of the terms and related technologies involved in this application are explained to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0086] 1. State of charge (SOC) is a physical quantity used to reflect the remaining capacity of a battery. Its value is defined as the ratio of the remaining capacity of the battery to the capacity when fully charged. It is usually expressed as a percentage, ranging from 0 to 1. The SOC indicates the battery's charge level and its ability to continue working.

[0087] For example, when SOC=0, it indicates that the battery is fully discharged, and when SOC=1, it indicates that the battery is fully charged.

[0088] 2. The charge rate is a measure of charging speed. The charge rate is equal to the multiple of the battery's rated capacity in terms of data value, usually represented by the letter C.

[0089] The relationship between charge rate and charging current is: charge rate = charging current / rated capacity. For example, if a battery's rated capacity is 100 ampere-hours (Ah), and the charging current is 20 amperes (A), the charge rate is 0.2C. If the charging current is 100A, the charge rate is 1C.

[0090] Current charging strategies use the battery's temperature and state of charge (SOC) during charging to determine the charge rate by querying the corresponding relationship between battery temperature, SOC, and charge rate (also known as a charge map). The battery is then charged according to the charging current corresponding to the charge rate. Typically, only one charge map is used, and charging is performed based on this unique charge map. In some cases, a low charge rate is selected, resulting in slower charging speeds and longer charging times.

[0091] To address the aforementioned technical issues, embodiments of the present application provide a battery charging method that determines a matching target charging map from multiple preconfigured charging maps based on the battery's temperature and state of charge at the start of charging, and then performs charging according to the target charging map. This application refines the battery charging strategy, thereby improving charging speed and shortening charging time.

[0092] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0093] The battery charging method in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to various devices that use batteries. The battery can be used as an energy storage device or as a power device in different devices. Various devices may include various means of transportation such as new energy vehicles, electric vehicles, and buses, and may also include various electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablet computers, personal computers (PCs), and wearable devices. The embodiment of the present application does not place any special restrictions on the specific form of the device. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the application scenario of the battery and the type of battery.

[0094] Figure 1 shows a system architecture diagram of a battery charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application. For example, in this system architecture, charging of a power battery in a new energy vehicle is used as an example. The charging system may include at least: a charging station 100 and a new energy vehicle 101.

[0095] Specifically, the charging pile 100 may include a DC charging pile and an AC charging pile (not shown). The charging pile 100 may be fixed to the ground or a wall, with the input end directly connected to the AC power grid and the output end charging the new energy vehicle 101 through a charging plug.

[0096] Furthermore, the new energy vehicle 101 may include a power battery, a boost unit, a fast charging port, a charger, and a slow charging port (not shown). The power battery has multiple pre-configured charging maps. When charging, the new energy vehicle 101 selects a target charging map from among the pre-configured charging maps.

[0097] If charging station 100 is a DC charging station, it connects to the fast-charging port of new energy vehicle 101 via a charging plug. Charging station 100 converts AC power from the AC grid into DC power, transmits the DC power to the fast-charging port of new energy vehicle 101 via the charging plug, and then transmits the DC power to the power battery of new energy vehicle 101. New energy vehicle 101 then charges its power battery according to a target charging map from among multiple pre-configured charging maps.

[0098] Optionally, the specific implementation method of transmitting DC power to the power battery via the fast charging port includes: if the maximum voltage in the DC charging pile is lower than the voltage of the power battery in the new energy vehicle, the DC power transmitted by the fast charging port is boosted by the boost unit and then transmitted to the power battery; if the voltage in the DC charging pile is equal to or higher than the voltage of the power battery in the new energy vehicle, the DC power transmitted by the fast charging port is directly transmitted to the power battery.

[0099] For example, the voltage of the power battery in a new energy vehicle is generally 200-750 volts (V).

[0100] If the voltage of the power battery is high (e.g. 750V), but the voltage of the DC charging pile is lower than 750V (e.g. 500V), when the new energy vehicle is charging, the DC power transmitted from the fast charging port is boosted by the boost unit before being transmitted to the power battery.

[0101] If the power battery voltage is high (e.g. 750V), the maximum voltage of the DC charging pile is 750V or higher. In this case, when charging a new energy vehicle, the DC power transmitted by the fast charging port can be directly transmitted to the power battery without the need for a boost unit.

[0102] If charging station 100 is an AC charging station, it is connected to the slow-charging port of new energy vehicle 101 via a charging plug. Charging station 100 transmits AC power from the AC grid to the slow-charging port of new energy vehicle 101 via the charging plug. The AC power transmitted from the slow-charging port is converted to DC power by the charger in new energy vehicle 101 and then transmitted to the power battery of new energy vehicle 101. New energy vehicle 101 then charges its power battery according to a target charging map from among multiple pre-configured charging maps.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present application, the specific implementation method of the new energy vehicle 101 charging the power battery according to the target charging map from the preconfigured multiple charging maps includes: the new energy vehicle 101 determines a matching target charging map from the preconfigured multiple charging maps based on the starting charging time, the temperature of the power battery and the state of charge of the power battery, and charges the power battery according to the target charging map.

[0104] In one possible implementation, new energy vehicle 101 includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores multiple charging maps corresponding to the power battery. When new energy vehicle 101 is charging, the processor determines a matching target charging map from the multiple charging maps in the memory based on the start time of charging, the power battery temperature, and the power battery state of charge, and charges the power battery according to the target charging map.

[0105] In another possible implementation, the new energy vehicle 101 includes a battery management system (BMS). The BMS stores multiple charging maps corresponding to the power batteries. When the new energy vehicle 101 is charging, the BMS obtains the start charging time, the power battery temperature, and the power battery state of charge. Based on the obtained temperature and state of charge, it determines a matching target charging map from the multiple charging maps and charges the power batteries according to the target charging map.

[0106] It should be added that the charging piles provided in the embodiments of the present application can be set up in various scenarios such as parking lots, private parking spaces, charging stations, etc.

[0107] The following uses a new energy vehicle as an example to illustrate the structure of a device for applying the method provided in this application.

[0108] FIG2 is a functional block diagram of a vehicle 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG2 , vehicle 200 may include various subsystems, such as a travel system 210, a sensor system 220, a control system 230, one or more peripheral devices 240, a power supply 250, a computer system 260, and a user interface 270. Optionally, vehicle 200 may include more or fewer subsystems, and each subsystem may include multiple components. Furthermore, each subsystem and component of vehicle 200 may be interconnected via wired or wireless connections.

[0109] Travel system 210 may include components that provide powered movement for vehicle 200. In one embodiment, travel system 210 may include engine 211, power source 212, transmission 213, and wheels 214.

[0110] Engine 211 can be an internal combustion engine, an electric motor, an air compression engine, or a combination of other types of engines. Engine 211 converts energy source 212 into mechanical energy. Examples of energy source 212 include gasoline, diesel, solar panels, batteries, and other electrical sources. Transmission 213 can transmit the mechanical power from engine 211 to wheels 214. Transmission 213 can include a gearbox, a differential, and a drive shaft.

[0111] Sensor system 220 may include several sensors that sense information about the environment surrounding vehicle 200. For example, sensor system 220 may include a positioning system 221, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) 222, a radar 223, a laser rangefinder 224, and a camera 225. In the embodiment of the present application, sensor system 220 may be used to measure parameters such as battery temperature and battery state of charge.

[0112] Control system 230 controls the operation of vehicle 200 and its components. Control system 230 may include various components, including a steering system 231, a throttle 232, a brake unit 233, a computer vision system 234, a path control system 235, and an obstacle avoidance system 236, which may also be referred to as an obstacle avoidance system.

[0113] Vehicle 200 interacts with external sensors, other vehicles, other computer systems, or users via peripheral devices 240 . Peripheral devices 240 may include a wireless communication system 241 , an onboard computer 242 , a microphone 243 , and / or a speaker 244 .

[0114] Power source 250 can provide power to various components of vehicle 200. In one embodiment, power source 250 can be a rechargeable lithium-ion battery or a rechargeable lead-acid battery. One or more battery packs of such batteries can be configured as a power source to provide power to various components of vehicle 200. In some embodiments, power source 250 and energy source 212 can be implemented together, such as in a fully electric vehicle.

[0115] Some or all functions of the vehicle 200 are controlled by a computer system 260. The computer system 260 may include at least one processor 261 that executes instructions 2621 stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as a memory 262.

[0116] Processor 261 can be any conventional processor, such as a commercially available central processing unit (CPU). Alternatively, the processor can be a dedicated device such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or other hardware-based processor. In some embodiments, memory 262 can contain instructions 2621 (e.g., program logic) that can be executed by processor 261 to perform various functions of vehicle 200.

[0117] The user interface 270 is used to provide information to or receive information from a user of the vehicle 200. Optionally, the user interface 270 may include one or more input / output devices within the set of peripheral devices 240 for interacting with the user and exchanging information.

[0118] Computer system 260 can control the functions of vehicle 200 based on input received from various subsystems and from user interface 270. In some embodiments, computer system 260 can provide control over many aspects of vehicle 200 and its subsystems. For example, computer system 260 may include a battery management system that can be used to manage power source 250. Typically, a battery management system measures battery voltage to prevent or avoid abnormal battery conditions such as over-discharge, over-charge, or over-temperature.

[0119] Optionally, the above components are only an example. In actual applications, the components in the above modules may be added or deleted according to actual needs. Figure 2 should not be understood as a limitation to the embodiments of the present application.

[0120] The vehicle 200 may be a car, truck, motorcycle, bus, ship, airplane, helicopter, lawn mower, recreational vehicle, amusement park vehicle, construction equipment, tram, golf cart, train, cart, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any particular limitation thereto.

[0121] In other embodiments of the present application, the vehicle may further include hardware structures and / or software modules to implement the aforementioned functions in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or a combination of hardware structures and software modules. Whether a particular one of the aforementioned functions is implemented in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or a combination of hardware structures and software modules depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0122] After introducing the vehicle 200, the battery management system of the vehicle 200 involved in this application is described below. It should be understood that the embodiments of this application can be applied to battery management systems of other electronic devices, such as mobile phones, tablet computers, cameras, computers, netbooks, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), wearable devices (such as smart bracelets and smart watches), vehicle-mounted devices, portable devices, etc.

[0123] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery management system provided in an embodiment of the present application. The battery management system may include: a data acquisition module 301 , a determination module 302 , an information recording module 303 and a communication module 304 .

[0124] The data acquisition module 301 can be used to obtain relevant parameter information of the battery. For example, the data acquisition module 301 can include: a voltage sensor and a temperature sensor, respectively used to obtain parameter information such as the voltage and temperature of the battery at the start of charging. In the embodiment of the present application, the data acquisition module 301 is also used to obtain the initial state of charge of the battery at the start of charging.

[0125] The determination module 302 may be configured to determine a target charging map from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps based on the acquired battery-related parameter information. For example, the target charging map may be determined from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps based on the battery temperature and starting SOC at the start of charging.

[0126] The information recording module 303 may be used to record battery-related information, such as the battery voltage, temperature, and state of charge; or record multiple sets of charging maps preconfigured for the battery, and record information about the charging map used for each battery charge.

[0127] The communication module 304 may be used to implement communication between the battery management system and other devices or units, for example, may be used to implement communication between the battery management system and the charging and discharging unit, and notify the charging and discharging unit to charge according to the target charging map.

[0128] The various modules in the above-mentioned battery management system are divided according to functional logic, and may actually be divided in other ways. In addition, the above-mentioned modules can be named by other names. In addition, each module can be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether a specific module is implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Different modules can be implemented by different hardware, and multiple modules can also be implemented by the same hardware. The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit this.

[0129] To improve battery charging efficiency, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery charging method. This method can be applied to various devices using batteries, such as the vehicle 200 shown in FIG2 . Specifically, it can be executed by a battery management system or a processor. The battery management system and the processor can be disposed inside or outside the vehicle 200. FIG4 is a flowchart of a battery charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method includes the following steps S401-S403:

[0130] S401: Obtain the battery temperature and the battery's initial state of charge (SOC) at the start of charging.

[0131] In some embodiments of the present application, when the battery is charging, the temperature of the battery at the start of charging is acquired by a temperature sensor.

[0132] For example, when a new energy vehicle is connected to a charging pile for charging, the new energy vehicle obtains the current temperature of the battery through a temperature sensor.

[0133] In some embodiments of the present application, the state of charge of the battery is monitored in real time. When the battery is charging, the state of charge of the battery at the start of charging is directly obtained.

[0134] Optionally, in some implementations, when the battery is charging, the battery's state of charge at the start of charging is calculated using a state of charge prediction algorithm. For example, the state of charge prediction algorithm may be a charge accumulation method, an open circuit voltage method, or a combination of an ampere-hour integration method and an open circuit voltage method, or other algorithms.

[0135] In other implementations, when the battery is charging, the voltage of the battery at the start of charging is obtained, and the state of charge corresponding to the voltage is determined based on a correspondence between the voltage and the state of charge.

[0136] The embodiments of the present application do not limit the method for obtaining the state of charge. For details, please refer to the existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0137] S402: Determine a target charging map from a plurality of pre-configured charging maps according to the battery temperature and the starting SOC at the start of charging.

[0138] In some embodiments of the present application, multiple charging maps are preconfigured. These maps represent the corresponding charging rates for batteries at different temperatures and states of charge. In different charging maps, the corresponding charging rates for batteries at the same temperature and state of charge may be the same or different.

[0139] Among them, the charging rate is the maximum charging rate, that is, the highest value that the charging rate can reach when the battery is charged at a certain temperature and a certain state of charge.

[0140] The target charging map satisfies a preset condition; the preset condition includes at least one of the following: among the preconfigured charging maps, the target charging map has the highest charge rate corresponding to the battery temperature and the starting SOC at the start of charging; among the preconfigured charging maps, the target charging map has the highest average charge rate corresponding to the SOC range in which the battery temperature and the starting SOC are located at the start of charging.

[0141] Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the battery temperature and state of charge at the start of charging, a target charging map is obtained by matching the temperature and state of charge from multiple sets of maps, and charging is performed according to the charging rate in the target charging map.

[0142] The following describes some methods for configuring a charging map provided in embodiments of the present application.

[0143] Within a safe temperature range of the battery, multiple temperature values ​​are determined, and multiple charging rates are set for multiple first states of charge corresponding to each temperature value to obtain multiple sets of charging maps.

[0144] The safe temperature range of a battery is the temperature range within which it can be safely charged, calculated based on battery properties and safety indicators. For example, the safe temperature range for lithium batteries is 0-45 degrees Celsius, and the safe temperature range for new energy vehicle power batteries is -20-55 degrees Celsius.

[0145] Understandably, excessively low temperatures during battery charging can prevent the battery from charging. Due to the battery's internal resistance and electrochemical reactions, the battery's temperature rises. Excessive current or increased internal resistance due to battery aging can cause a significant temperature rise, leading to a rapid increase in battery temperature, shortening battery life and causing charging to cease. Therefore, monitoring battery temperature during charging based on the minimum and maximum temperatures within the safe temperature range ensures safe battery operation.

[0146] In some implementations, the multiple temperature values ​​are common temperature values ​​obtained based on experiments. For example, the suitable temperature for charging battery cells in a battery is 0-40 degrees Celsius, from which m temperature values ​​are selected.

[0147] In other implementations, within the safe temperature range of the battery, the safe temperature range of the battery is pre-divided into multiple temperature intervals, and the boundary temperature of each temperature interval is determined as the temperature value to be selected.

[0148] The first state of charge may be all or part of the states of charge predetermined from all states of charge of the battery.

[0149] In some implementations, each state of charge of the battery is determined to be a first state of charge.

[0150] In other implementations, a partial state of charge of the battery is determined as the first state of charge.

[0151] Optionally, determining a partial state of charge of the battery as the first state of charge can be implemented by determining the partial state of charge as the first state of charge based on historical data or experience, or determining the partial state of charge as the first state of charge based on battery parameter information. For example, based on historical charging map data, the state of charge corresponding to a significant change in the charging rate can be determined as the first state of charge.

[0152] Optionally, determining a portion of the battery's state of charge as the first state of charge can also be implemented by dividing the battery's state of charge into multiple state-of-charge intervals, and determining the boundary state of charge of each state-of-charge interval as the first state of charge. The interval division method can be equal division, i.e., after division, the sizes of the intervals are the same, and the number of states of charge contained in each interval is equal. Alternatively, the interval division method can be unequal, i.e., after division, the sizes of the intervals are different, and the number of states of charge contained in each interval is different. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the interval division method or the number of states of charge in each interval after division.

[0153] For example, the state of charge of the battery is divided into n state-of-charge intervals, and the boundary state of charge (n+1 states of charge) of each state-of-charge interval is determined as the first state of charge.

[0154] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the method for determining the first state of charge and the number of first states of charge.

[0155] Optionally, the charge rate corresponding to each first state of charge at a certain temperature can be obtained by experimental calculation. For example, the charge rate is determined by a three-electrode detection method. The experimentally measured charge rate is a theoretical value, but the battery may wear out during use, and the actual use effect cannot be achieved in the experimental test. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the experimentally measured data to obtain the charge rate actually used by the battery cell.

[0156] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the method for setting the charging rate. For details, please refer to the existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0157] In addition, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of charge rates corresponding to each first state of charge at a certain temperature.

[0158] In other implementations, the battery temperature can be pre-divided into multiple temperature intervals within the battery's safe temperature range. For each temperature interval, multiple charge rates are set for each of the first states of charge, resulting in multiple sets of charge maps. That is, different temperatures within the same temperature interval correspond to the same charge rate at the same state of charge.

[0159] For example, the battery temperature is divided into multiple temperature intervals, and multiple charging maps are configured based on the boundary temperature of each temperature interval.

[0160] Within the safe temperature range of the battery, the battery temperature is divided into k temperature intervals in advance, and k+1 boundary temperatures are obtained. They are: T min , T min +ΔT,T min +2ΔT,T min +3ΔT,…,T min +(k-1)ΔT,T max , ΔT=(T max -T min ) / k. Among them, T min With T max The minimum and maximum temperatures within the battery's safe temperature range determined through experimental testing or at the factory.

[0161] After determining the boundary temperature of each temperature interval, a first state of charge is determined by dividing the state of charge of the battery into a plurality of state of charge intervals.

[0162] In some examples, the battery state of charge is divided into m state of charge intervals, and the boundary state of charge of each state of charge interval is determined as the first state of charge. That is, m+1 first states of charge are obtained, namely: SOC min ,SOC min +ΔSOC, SOC min +2ΔSOC,SOC min +3ΔSOC,…,SOC min +(m-1)ΔSOC,SOC max , ΔSOC=(SOC max -SOC min ) / m. Among them, SOC min Can be 0, SOC max Can be 1.

[0163] After the boundary temperature and the first state of charge are determined, a plurality of charge rates are set for each first state of charge at each boundary temperature.

[0164] In some examples, the boundary temperature is T min +ΔT as an example, for each first state of charge at this temperature, two charging rates are set, namely the first charging rate and the second charging rate. Thus, the T min Information on the first state of charge and charge rate at +ΔT (only part of the information is shown in Table 1).

[0165] Table 1

[0166] As shown in Table 1, when the battery temperature is T min +ΔT, when the first state of charge is SOC min When the first charging rate C is set 10 And the second charge rate C 100 ; When the first state of charge is SOC min +ΔSOC, the first charging rate C is set accordingly 11 And the second charge rate C 110 ; When the first state of charge is SOC min +2ΔSOC, the first charging rate C is set accordingly 12 And the second charge rate C 120 ; ...; When the first state of charge is SOC max When the first charging rate C is set 1m And the second charge rate C 1m0It can be seen that the battery temperature is T min When the temperature is +ΔT, two charging rates are set for each first state of charge at this temperature.

[0167] It is understandable that in order to illustrate that each first state of charge corresponds to multiple charging rates, different values ​​are used to represent the charging rates in Table 1. However, the specific values ​​of the multiple charging rates corresponding to each first state of charge can also be the same. For example, C 10 with C 100 The value of C is the same. 11 with C 110 The value of C is the same. 12 with C 120 The values ​​of C are different. 1m with C 1m0 The values ​​are the same.

[0168] In this way, the above processing method is adopted for each boundary temperature, and then two charging rates are set for each first state of charge at each boundary temperature of the battery. For each boundary temperature, the corresponding relationship between the first state of charge and the charging rate at the boundary temperature can be obtained as shown in Table 1.

[0169] After determining multiple charging rates for each first state of charge at each boundary temperature, information on the first states of charge and charging rates at different boundary temperatures is integrated to obtain multiple sets of charging maps.

[0170] In some implementations, the integrated charging map is a plurality of tables.

[0171] For example, the correspondence between the first state of charge and the first charging rate at each boundary temperature is integrated into a first set of charging maps 1 as shown in Table 2, and the correspondence between the first state of charge and the second charging rate at each boundary temperature is integrated into a second set of charging maps 2 as shown in Table 3, thereby obtaining multiple sets of charging maps.

[0172] Table 2

[0173] Table 3

[0174] As shown in Table 2, when the battery temperature is T min +ΔT, the charging rate corresponding to each first state of charge is the first charging rate.

[0175] As shown in Table 3, when the battery temperature is T min +ΔT, the charging rate corresponding to each first state of charge is the second charging rate.

[0176] In other implementations, the integrated charging map is a three-dimensional curve graph.

[0177] For example, as shown in FIG5 , the battery temperature T min The relationship curves between each state of charge and charging rate corresponding to +ΔT (such as curve 1 and curve 2).

[0178] After determining multiple state-of-charge and charge rate relationship curves corresponding to a certain temperature value, the first state-of-charge and charge rate relationship curves corresponding to multiple temperatures (such as curve 1) are integrated to obtain a first set of charging map 1, and the first state-of-charge and charge rate relationship curves corresponding to multiple temperatures (such as curve 2) are integrated to obtain a second set of charging map 2, thereby obtaining multiple sets of charging maps.

[0179] For example, as shown in FIG6 , a charging map is obtained by integrating multiple curves, and the charging map is expressed as an example of a three-dimensional curve graph.

[0180] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the presentation form of the charging map.

[0181] In this way, two charging maps are preconfigured, with each map corresponding to a single charge rate for the same temperature and state of charge. Multiple charging maps also correspond to multiple charge rates for the same temperature and state of charge. This embodiment of the present application preconfigures multiple charging maps, making it easier for subsequent battery charging to be performed based on actual needs, selecting a matching target charging map from the multiple charging maps and charging at the charge rate in that target charging map. This can speed up charging and shorten charging time.

[0182] It should be understood that the above example uses two charge rates set at the same temperature and state of charge as an example. In actual applications, multiple charge rates can be set at the same temperature and state of charge, thereby generating multiple charging maps. The multiple charge rates set must meet constraints such as "no lithium deposition in the battery" and "minimum charging time." The embodiments of this application do not limit the number of charging maps.

[0183] Based on multiple preconfigured charging maps, a target charging map is determined from the multiple charging maps based on the battery temperature and state of charge at the start of charging. Furthermore, the battery can be charged efficiently according to different charging maps in different charging scenarios, accelerating charging speeds and shortening charging times, making it more adaptable.

[0184] The following describes some methods for determining a target charging map from multiple pre-configured charging maps provided by embodiments of the present application.

[0185] In some embodiments, after obtaining multiple sets of charging maps, the configured multiple sets of charging maps are directly used. A target charging map is determined from the preconfigured multiple sets of charging maps based on the battery temperature and the initial state of charge of the battery at the start of charging.

[0186] In one possible implementation, in each charging map, a charging rate corresponding to the battery temperature and the battery state of charge at the start of charging is determined; and from multiple charging rates corresponding to the multiple charging maps, a charging map with the highest charging rate is determined as a target charging map.

[0187] For example, based on the example of FIG. 6 , when the charging map is a three-dimensional curve graph, the charging rate corresponding to the battery temperature and battery state of charge at the start of charging is determined based on the information of each charging map, and the charging map with a higher charging rate is directly determined as the target charging map.

[0188] In another possible implementation, a determination is made based on the battery temperature at the start of charging to determine whether multiple charging maps exist that correspond to that temperature. If so, a charging map with a higher charge rate is determined as the target charging map from among the multiple charging maps corresponding to that temperature based on the battery's state of charge at the start of charging. If no charging map corresponds to that temperature, a target temperature matching the battery temperature at the start of charging is determined. Based on the battery's state of charge at the start of charging, a charging map with a higher charge rate is determined as the target charging map from among the multiple charging maps corresponding to that target temperature.

[0189] For example, the power battery's safe temperature range (-20-55 degrees Celsius) is pre-divided into multiple temperature ranges (e.g., 20-25, 25-30, etc.) at 5-degree Celsius intervals. Multiple pre-configured charging maps contain multiple charge rates for each state of charge corresponding to each boundary temperature. If the battery temperature is 24 degrees Celsius at the start of charging, the target temperature, 25 degrees Celsius, which is closest to 24 degrees Celsius, is determined as the target temperature. Based on the battery state of charge at the start of charging and the target temperature, the charging map with the highest charge rate is selected from the multiple charging maps as the target charging map.

[0190] In another possible implementation, based on the battery temperature at the start of charging, a charging map having a maximum average value of charging rates corresponding to an SOC interval where the battery's initial state of charge is located is determined as the target charging map.

[0191] Specifically, the average charge rate corresponding to an SOC interval may be determined by integrating the length of the SOC interval and multiple preconfigured charging maps to determine the average charge rate corresponding to each charging map in that SOC interval. Alternatively, the average charge rate corresponding to each charging map in that SOC interval may be determined based on multiple charge rates for each charging map in that SOC interval.

[0192] For example, based on the above example, if the battery temperature at the start of charging is T min +ΔT, then the relationship curves between the various state of charge and the charge rate corresponding to the temperature are shown in Figure 5. If the initial state of charge is at [SOC2, SOC3], then according to the interval shown in Figure 5, the average value of the charge rate of charge map 1 and charge map 2 in the interval is calculated by integration. For example, the area S1 of curve 1 corresponding to charge map 1 in [SOC2, SOC3] is calculated by integration, and the area S1 is divided by the interval length. That is, S1 / (SOC 3- SOC2), the average value 1 of the charging rate of charging map1 in this interval is obtained. The area S2 of curve 2 corresponding to charging map2 in [SOC2, SOC3] is calculated by the above method, and the area S2 is divided by the interval length. That is, S2 / (SOC 3- The target charging map is then determined based on the SOC2. The average charging rate value 2 of the charging map 2 in this range is obtained. The average values ​​1 and 2 are then compared, and the charging map with the largest average value is determined as the target charging map.

[0193] Exemplarily, a plurality of charging rates corresponding to the states of charge are selected for each charging map in the SOC interval, and an average value of the plurality of charging rates is determined as the average value of the plurality of charging rates corresponding to each charging map in the SOC interval.

[0194] In other embodiments, after obtaining multiple charging maps, the multiple charging maps are calibrated to quickly determine a target charging map for subsequent use and improve the efficiency of determining the target charging map. The target charging map is determined from the calibrated multiple charging maps based on the battery temperature and battery state of charge at the start of charging.

[0195] The following describes some calibrated charging maps provided in embodiments of the present application and a method for determining a target charging map from multiple calibrated charging maps.

[0196] In one possible implementation, calibrating multiple preconfigured charging maps includes: determining a second state of charge based on the multiple charging maps for a given temperature; determining a calibration interval (also described as a calibration SOC interval) based on the second state of charge; and determining a charging map corresponding to each calibration interval at the temperature.

[0197] The second SOC is the SOC corresponding to the maximum value and the same value among multiple charge rates across multiple charge maps at the same temperature. Each temperature in the multiple charge maps has a corresponding second SOC. For example, the second SOC may be the SOC corresponding to the highest point and the intersection of the SOC and charge rate relationship curves across multiple charge maps at the same temperature.

[0198] For example, based on the example of FIG5 , curve 1 is in charging map 1, and the battery temperature is T min +ΔT, the relationship curve between each state of charge and charging rate. Curve 2 is the charging map 2, the battery temperature is T min The relationship curves between various states of charge and charge rate at +ΔT. The states of charge corresponding to the intersection of curves 1 and 2 (SOC1, SOC2, SOC4, and SOC5) and the state of charge (SOC3) corresponding to the highest point between curves 1 and 2 are determined as the second state of charge.

[0199] In one implementation, the battery state of charge is divided into a plurality of calibration intervals using a plurality of second states of charge as dividing points.

[0200] For example, based on the example of FIG. 5 , with the second states of charge SOC1, SOC2, SOC3, SOC4, and SOC5 as dividing points, five calibration intervals are obtained, namely: [SOC1, SOC2], (SOC2, SOC3], (SOC3, SOC4], (SOC4, SOC5], and (SOC5, SOC6].

[0201] For each calibration interval, the corresponding charging map is determined in the following way:

[0202] For a certain calibration interval, if multiple charging maps have the same charging rate corresponding to the calibration interval, the charging map with a higher charging rate corresponding to the adjacent calibration interval after the calibration interval is determined as the charging map corresponding to the calibration interval.

[0203] If multiple charging maps have different corresponding charging rates in the calibration interval, the charging map with a higher charging rate in the calibration interval is determined as the charging map corresponding to the calibration interval.

[0204] For example, in combination with FIG5 and the five calibration intervals divided above, according to the above calibration method, it can be obtained that the battery temperature is T min +ΔT, when the state of charge is at [SOC1, SOC2], the charge rates corresponding to charge map 1 and charge map 2 in this calibration interval are the same, and the charge rate corresponding to the adjacent calibration interval (SOC2, SOC3) after this calibration interval is further determined. The charge rate corresponding to charge map 1 in the interval (SOC2, SOC3) is higher than the charge rate corresponding to charge map 2 in the same interval. Therefore, charge map 1 is determined to be the charge map corresponding to [SOC1, SOC2].

[0205] The battery temperature is T min +ΔT, when the state of charge is in [SOC2, SOC3], the charging rate corresponding to charging map1 in this interval is higher than the charging rate corresponding to charging map2 in this interval. Therefore, charging map1 is determined to be the charging map corresponding to [SOC2, SOC3].

[0206] For example, the number of calibration intervals can be further reduced. Referring to FIG5 , based on overall charging speed and battery safety considerations, the battery state of charge is divided into two calibration intervals, [SOC1, SOC3) and [SOC3, SOC6], with SOC3 as the dividing point.

[0207] For the calibration interval [SOC1, SOC3), the charge rate set by Charge Map 1 in the interval [SOC1, SOC3) is higher than the charge rate set by Charge Map 2 in the same interval (for example, a first average value of the charge rates for Charge Map 1 in the interval [SOC1, SOC3) and a second average value of the charge rates for Charge Map 2 in the interval [SOC1, SOC3) are calculated, and the first average value is greater than the second average value). Therefore, Charge Map 1 is determined to be the charge map corresponding to [SOC1, SOC3).

[0208] For the calibration interval [SOC3, SOC6], the charge rate set by Charge Map 2 in the interval [SOC3, SOC6] is generally higher than the charge rate set by Charge Map 2 in the same interval (for example, the third average value of the charge rates in the interval [SOC3, SOC6] for Charge Map 1 and the fourth average value of the charge rates in the interval [SOC3, SOC6] for Charge Map 2 are calculated, and the fourth average value is greater than the third average value). Therefore, Charge Map 2 is determined to be the charge map corresponding to [SOC3, SOC6].

[0209] For example, based on the two calibration intervals divided above and the charging map corresponding to each calibration interval, the Tmin The correspondence between each calibration interval and charging map under +ΔT.

[0210] Table 4

[0211] In this way, determining the target charging map from multiple preconfigured charging maps based on the battery temperature and state of charge at the start of charging can be specifically implemented as follows: determining a target calibration interval based on the battery state of charge at the start of charging; and determining the charging map corresponding to the target calibration interval at the battery temperature at the start of charging as the target charging map.

[0212] For example, based on the two calibration intervals divided above and the example shown in Table 4, if the battery temperature at the start of charging is T min +ΔT, the battery's state of charge at the start of charging is between [SOC1, SOC3), and map 1 is determined as the target charging map. In this way, charging according to map 1 can significantly increase the charging speed of the battery in the lower SOC range.

[0213] If the battery temperature at the start of charging is T min +ΔT, the battery's state of charge at the start of charging is between [SOC3, SOC6], and map 2 is determined as the target charging map. In this way, charging according to map 2 can significantly increase the charging speed of the battery in the higher SOC range.

[0214] In this way, a target charge map is determined from multiple charge maps based on the battery's temperature and state of charge at the start of charging. Furthermore, charging based on the charge rate in the target charge map ensures that the battery is charged using a higher-rate charge map in both low and high SOC ranges, significantly improving initial charging speed and shortening charging time across the entire SOC range.

[0215] In actual applications, the following scenarios may occur: the user stops charging the new energy vehicle before it reaches the target state of charge and charges again after a period of time. Or, the user accidentally unplugs the charging plug and then plugs it back in.

[0216] In some embodiments of the present application, if charging of the battery stops before reaching a set target state of charge during the previous charge, the battery self-discharges. When the battery is charged again (also referred to as a subsequent charge), if the absolute value of the difference between the battery's state of charge at the end of the previous charge and the battery's state of charge at the start of the subsequent charge is less than a first preset threshold, the subsequent charge process is considered to be a continuation of the previous charge process, and the subsequent charge still uses the target charge map used during the previous charge.

[0217] The first preset threshold is a maximum threshold value of the state of charge consumed by the battery during self-discharge without lithium deposition, which is predetermined through experiments.

[0218] In other embodiments of the present application, if charging of the battery is stopped before reaching a set target state of charge during a previous charge, the battery is cyclically discharged. During a subsequent charge of the battery, if the absolute value of the difference between the battery's state of charge at the end of the previous charge and the battery's state of charge at the start of the next charge is less than a second preset threshold, it can be determined that the battery has consumed less power, and the target charge map used during the previous charge is retained during the subsequent charge.

[0219] The second preset threshold is a maximum threshold value of the state of charge consumed by the battery during cyclic discharge without lithium deposition, which is predetermined through experiments.

[0220] It is understandable that the amount of power lost by the battery self-discharge is very small. Therefore, the first preset threshold is smaller than the second preset threshold.

[0221] It is understandable that the battery in the embodiment of the present application can be charged according to different charging maps according to different usage scenarios, thereby greatly improving the charging speed, shortening the charging time, and improving the user's charging experience while ensuring battery safety.

[0222] S403: Charging is performed according to the target charging map.

[0223] In some embodiments of the present application, after the target charging map is determined, the battery is charged according to the target charging map.

[0224] In this way, while ensuring battery safety, the battery charging efficiency and reliability are improved, the battery charging speed is accelerated, and the battery charging time is shortened.

[0225] The battery charging method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail above in conjunction with Figures 4 to 6. The device provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with Figure 7.

[0226] In one possible design, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 7, device 700 may include: an acquisition unit 701, a determination unit 702, and a charging unit 703. Device 700 may be used to implement the functions of the devices involved in the above method embodiments.

[0227] Optionally, the acquiring unit 701 is configured to acquire the temperature of the battery and the initial state of charge (SOC) of the battery at the start of charging.

[0228] Optionally, the determination unit 702 determines a target charging map from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps based on the battery temperature and the starting SOC at the start of charging; wherein the charging map is used to indicate the charging rates corresponding to the battery at different temperatures and different SOCs, and the target charging map satisfies a preset condition; the preset condition includes at least one of the following: among the plurality of preconfigured charging maps, the charging rate corresponding to the battery temperature and the starting SOC at the start of charging in the target charging map is the highest; among the plurality of preconfigured charging maps, the average value of the charging rates corresponding to the SOC interval in which the battery temperature and the starting SOC are located at the start of charging in the target charging map is the largest.

[0229] Optionally, the charging unit 703 is configured to charge according to a target charging map.

[0230] The operations and / or functions of each unit in the device 700 are respectively for implementing the corresponding processes of the battery charging method described in the above method embodiment. All relevant contents of each step involved in the above method embodiment can be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional unit. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0231] Optionally, the device 700 shown in FIG7 may further include a storage unit (not shown in FIG7 ) storing a program or instruction. When the acquisition unit 701, the determination unit 702, and the charging unit 703 execute the program or instruction, the device 700 shown in FIG7 may perform the battery charging method described in the above method embodiment.

[0232] The technical effects of the device 700 shown in FIG. 7 may refer to the technical effects of the battery charging method described in the above method embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0233] In addition to being in the form of device 700, the technical solution provided in this application may also be a functional unit or chip in the device, or a device used in conjunction with the device.

[0234] An embodiment of the present application also provides a chip system, including: a processor, the processor is coupled to a memory, the memory is used to store programs or instructions, when the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the chip system implements the method in any of the above method embodiments.

[0235] Optionally, there may be one or more processors in the chip system. The processor may be implemented in hardware or software. When implemented in hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc. When implemented in software, the processor may be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software code stored in a memory.

[0236] Optionally, the memory in the chip system may be one or more. The memory may be integrated with the processor or may be separately provided with the processor, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the memory may be a non-transient processor, such as a read-only memory (ROM), which may be integrated with the processor on the same chip or may be provided on different chips. The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the type of memory and the arrangement of the memory and the processor.

[0237] Exemplarily, the chip system may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD) or other integrated chips.

[0238] It should be understood that each step in the above method embodiment can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in a processor or by software instructions. The method steps disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in a processor.

[0239] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program runs on a computer, the computer executes the above-mentioned related steps to implement the battery charging method in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0240] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the above-mentioned related steps to implement the battery charging method in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0241] In addition, embodiments of the present application further provide a device. Specifically, the device may be a component or module, and may include one or more processors and a memory connected together. The memory is used to store a computer program. When the computer program is executed by one or more processors, the device performs the battery charging method described in each of the above method embodiments.

[0242] The apparatus, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, or chip provided in the embodiments of the present application are all used to execute the corresponding methods provided above. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding methods provided above, and will not be repeated here.

[0243] The steps of the method or algorithm described in conjunction with the disclosure of the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in a hardware manner or can be implemented by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a register, a hard disk, a mobile hard disk, a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and can write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0244] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that for the sake of convenience and brevity, only the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed; that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working processes of the above-mentioned systems, devices, and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0245] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation; for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of modules or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0246] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0247] Computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, any of the following: a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and other media that can store program code.

[0248] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery charging method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining the temperature of the battery at the start of charging and the initial state of charge SOC of the battery; Determine a target charging map from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps according to the temperature of the battery at the start charging time and the start SOC; wherein the charging map is used to indicate the charging rate corresponding to the battery at different temperatures and different SOCs; the target charging map satisfies a preset condition; the preset condition includes at least one of the following: among the plurality of preconfigured charging maps, the charging rate corresponding to the temperature of the battery and the start SOC at the start charging time of the target charging map is the highest; among the plurality of preconfigured charging maps, the average value of the charging rate corresponding to the SOC interval where the start SOC is located in the target charging map at the start charging time of the target charging map is the largest; Charging is performed according to the target charging map.

2. The battery charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining a target charging map from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps according to the temperature of the battery at the start charging time and the start SOC comprises: In each charging map, determining a charging rate corresponding to the battery temperature at the start of charging and the start SOC; From the multiple charging rates corresponding to the multiple charging maps, the charging map with the highest charging rate is determined as the target charging map.

3. The battery charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of charging maps include a first charging map and a second charging map; In the first charging map, an average value of the charging rate set when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is in the first SOC interval is greater than an average value of the charging rate set when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is in the first SOC interval in the second charging map; In the first charging map, an average value of the charging rate set when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is in the second SOC interval is less than an average value of the charging rate set when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is in the second SOC interval in the second charging map; The determining a target charging map from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps according to the temperature of the battery at the start charging time and the start SOC comprises: If the temperature of the battery at the start charging time is the first temperature, and the SOC interval in which the starting SOC of the battery at the start charging time is located is the first SOC interval, determining the first charging map as the target charging map; If the temperature of the battery at the start charging time is the first temperature, and the SOC interval in which the starting SOC of the battery at the start charging time is located is the second SOC interval, the second charging map is determined to be the target charging map.

4. The battery charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method further comprises: After the battery is charged for the last time, the SOC of the battery does not reach the target SOC value. When the battery is charged again after being discharged, if the first SOC of the battery at the end of the last charge is different from the first SOC of the battery at the start of the recharge, If the difference of the second SOC of the battery at the moment is less than the threshold, charging is performed again according to the target map determined in the previous charging process.

5. The battery charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Before obtaining the temperature of the battery and the state of charge (SOC) of the battery at the start of charging, the method further includes: Determine multiple temperature values, set multiple charging rates for multiple first states of charge corresponding to each temperature value, and obtain multiple sets of charging maps; wherein the first state of charge is all or part of the states of charge predetermined from all the states of charge of the battery.

6. The battery charging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: After obtaining the multiple sets of charging maps, the method further includes: For the same temperature, determining a plurality of calibrated SOC intervals according to the plurality of charging maps, the calibrated SOC intervals being used to indicate a plurality of SOC intervals corresponding to the same temperature; Determining, from the plurality of charging maps, a charging map corresponding to each calibrated SOC interval at the same temperature; The step of determining a target charging map from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps according to the temperature of the battery at the start charging time and the start SOC comprises: Determining a target calibration interval corresponding to the starting SOC of the battery at the start of charging; The charging map corresponding to the target calibration interval at the temperature of the battery at the start charging time is determined as the target charging map.

7. A battery charging device, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, used to acquire the temperature of the battery at the start of charging and the initial state of charge SOC of the battery; A determination module is used to determine a target charging map from a plurality of preconfigured charging maps according to the temperature of the battery at the start charging time and the start SOC; wherein the charging map is used to indicate the charging rate corresponding to the battery at different temperatures and different SOCs; the target charging map satisfies a preset condition; the preset condition includes at least one of the following: among the plurality of preconfigured charging maps, the charging rate corresponding to the battery temperature and the start SOC at the start charging time of the target charging map is the highest; among the plurality of preconfigured charging maps, the average value of the charging rate corresponding to the SOC interval where the battery temperature and the start SOC are located at the start charging time of the target charging map is the largest; A charging module is used to charge according to the target charging map.

8. The battery charging device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The determination module is further used to determine, in each set of charging maps, a charging rate corresponding to the battery temperature at the start of charging and the start SOC; The determination module is further configured to determine the charging map with the highest charging rate as the target charging map from among the multiple charging rates corresponding to the multiple sets of charging maps.

9. The battery charging device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plurality of charging maps include a first charging map and a second charging map; In the first charging map, an average value of the charging rate set when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is in the first SOC interval is greater than an average value of the charging rate set when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is in the first SOC interval in the second charging map; In the first charging map, when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is in the second SOC interval, the average value of the charging rate set is less than that in the second charging map, when the battery temperature is the first temperature and the battery state of charge is in the second SOC interval. The temperature is the first temperature, and the average value of the charging rate set when the battery state of charge is in the second SOC interval; The determination module is further configured to determine that the first charging map is a target charging map if the temperature of the battery at the start charging time is the first temperature and the SOC interval in which the starting SOC of the battery at the start charging time is located is the first SOC interval; The determination module is further configured to determine that the second charging map is a target charging map if the temperature of the battery at the start charging time is the first temperature and the SOC interval in which the starting SOC of the battery at the start charging time is located is the second SOC interval.

10. The battery charging device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The device also includes a security module; The safety module is used for, when the SOC of the battery does not reach the target SOC value after the last charging of the battery, and the battery is charged again after being discharged, if the difference between the first SOC of the battery at the end of the last charging and the second SOC of the battery at the start of the recharging is less than a threshold value, then recharging is performed according to the target map determined in the last charging process.

11. The battery charging device according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that: The device also includes a configuration module; The configuration module is used to determine multiple temperature values, set multiple charging rates for multiple first states of charge corresponding to each temperature value, and obtain multiple sets of charging maps; wherein the first state of charge is all or part of the states of charge predetermined from all the states of charge of the battery.

12. The battery charging device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The device also includes a calibration module; The calibration module is used to determine a plurality of calibrated SOC intervals for the same temperature according to the plurality of charging maps, wherein the calibrated SOC intervals are used to indicate a plurality of SOC intervals corresponding to the same temperature; The calibration module is further used to determine the charging map corresponding to each calibration SOC interval at the same temperature from the multiple charging maps; The determination module is further used to determine a target calibration interval corresponding to the starting SOC of the battery at the start of charging; The determination module is further configured to determine the charging map corresponding to the target calibration interval at the temperature of the battery at the start charging time as the target charging map.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is coupled to the processor, and the memory is used to store computer-readable instructions. When the processor reads the computer-readable instructions from the memory, the electronic device executes the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

14. A chip system, characterized in that: It includes at least one processor and at least one interface circuit, wherein the at least one interface circuit is used to perform transceiver functions and send instructions to the at least one processor, and the at least one processor executes the instructions, and the at least one processor executes the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed on an electronic device, the electronic device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

16. A computer program product, characterized in that When the computer program product is executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

17. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a charging device for the battery according to any one of claims 7-12.

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