Germination accelerating method for improving germination rate of bottle gourds

Abstract

The invention discloses a germination accelerating method for improving the germination rate of bottle gourds, which comprises the following steps: seed selection, seed drying treatment, warm soup disinfection, seed soaking and germination accelerating management: putting seeds into a germination accelerating box, reserving a small opening of 3-4cm in the top of the box, taking out the seeds every 8 hours, soaking the seeds into warm water, and gently scrubbing the seeds until the seeds are white. According to the germination accelerating method for improving the bottle gourd germination rate, the germination accelerating time is remarkably shortened, the germination accelerating time is stably controlled to be 50-65 hours when 70-90 hours are needed in the traditional method, the time is saved by about 20%-40%, the sowing time is seized in advance, the growth cycle is prolonged, and the bottle gourds can come into the market to obtain the price advantage or accumulate more photosynthetic products to improve the yield. Through seed drying and fine temperature and humidity management and control, the synchronism of the seed germination process is high, the germination interval is shortened to be within several hours, the seedlings are neat, unified field management is facilitated, the seedlings grow evenly and robustly, the stress resistance is high, and a foundation is laid for high and stable yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gourd germination acceleration, and in particular to a germination acceleration method for improving the germination rate of gourd. Background Art

[0002] As a widely planted crop that occupies an important position in the vegetable market, gourd plays an important role in the agricultural production system. It is rich in nutrition and has both edible and processing value. It is favored by consumers. The market demand has been stable and growing for a long time, and the planting scale has also increased year by year.

[0003] In early spring, the temperature is generally low and fluctuates frequently, which poses a severe challenge to the germination of gourd seeds. Although traditional germination methods have been used in practice, they have many disadvantages that are difficult to overcome. On the one hand, germination takes a long time, often taking 70-90 hours or even longer to show signs of whitening, which greatly delays the best time for sowing, causing the entire growth cycle to be delayed and missing the early market advantage window.

[0004] In terms of germination uniformity, traditional methods perform poorly. The interval between seed germination is long, resulting in uneven germination. Field management becomes much more difficult. For example, it is difficult to implement irrigation, fertilization and other operations in a unified manner. Some of the seedlings that germinate first may become elongated, thin and weak due to excessive waiting for the later seedlings, and their resistance to stress is reduced.

[0005] Moreover, traditional germination is easily affected by external environmental factors such as low temperature and sudden change of humidity, and has poor stability. Once encountering bad weather, germination will fail or the effect will be greatly reduced. Re-germination will waste seeds, manpower and time costs, seriously restricting the efficiency and yield of gourd planting, affecting the economic benefits of growers and the stability of market supply. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a germination method for improving the germination rate of gourd, and its purpose is to provide an efficient, stable and easy-to-operate germination method, which can significantly shorten the germination time, improve the uniformity of germination, enhance the resistance to external interference, ensure the steady germination of seeds, and lay a solid foundation for the high-yield and high-quality planting of gourd.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A germination accelerating method for improving the germination rate of gourd comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1: Seed selection: Select gourd seeds that are plump, free of pests and diseases, normal in color and properly stored;

[0010] S2: Seed drying treatment: In clear weather in early spring, spread the selected gourd seeds on a clean, ventilated and well-lit drying area for drying;

[0011] S3: Warm water disinfection: After drying the seeds, put the seeds into a mesh bag with fine and uniform mesh, and immerse them in a container of warm water for disinfection;

[0012] S4: Soaking seeds. After disinfection, let the container cool down naturally while the seeds continue to be immersed in water;

[0013] S5: Wrap to keep moisture and keep warm: After soaking the seeds, take a thick cotton cloth, rinse it with warm water in advance, then wring it out until it is dripping, gently wrap the soaked seeds to keep them moist, then put on a dark film bag, and place the wrapped seeds flat on the germination site;

[0014] S6: Germination management: Place the seeds in a germination box, leaving a 3-4 cm opening on the top of the box. Take out the seeds every 8 hours, immerse them in warm water and gently scrub them until the seeds turn white.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the outdoor temperature is not less than 8°C during the drying of seeds.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S2, the seed drying thickness is controlled at 2-3 cm, and the seed drying time is controlled at 5-8 hours.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, the temperature of the warm water in the warm water container is 60° C., and the disinfection time is 15-20 minutes.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S4, the total soaking time is not less than 24 hours.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S5, the temperature of the warm water for the thick cotton cloth is 28°C-30°C.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S5, the seeds covered with dark film bags are placed flat on the germination site with a thickness of no more than 2 cm.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S5, the dark film bag is a dark vest bag.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S6, the germination box is set at a temperature of 28° C.-30° C. and a humidity of 60% rh-80% rh.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S6, the immersion temperature of warm water is 28°C-30°C.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] The germination time is significantly shortened: the traditional method requires 70-90 hours for the germination to be white, while the present invention stably controls the germination time within 50-65 hours, saving about 20%-40% of the time, seizing the sowing opportunity in advance, extending the growth cycle, and being conducive to the early listing of gourds to obtain price advantages or accumulating more photosynthetic products to increase yield.

[0026] The uniformity of germination is greatly improved: after seed drying and precise temperature and humidity control, the seed germination process is highly synchronized, the germination interval is shortened to within a few hours, the seedlings emerge in an orderly manner, which is convenient for unified field management. The seedlings grow balanced, strong, and resistant to adversity, laying the foundation for high and stable yields.

[0027] Excellent environmental adaptability and stability: Relying on the precise control of the germination box and the wrapping to keep warm and moisturize, it can resist the low temperature and humidity fluctuations in early spring, and can guarantee a high germination rate of more than 80%, reduce the constraints of climate factors, and ensure that the planting plan is implemented as scheduled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a germination accelerating method for improving the germination rate of gourd; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] Seed selection: Select gourd seeds preserved under natural conditions, and manually select them one by one. Carefully select about 500 seeds with full grains, round shape, smooth skin, bright color, natural and healthy color, no signs of erosion by pests and diseases (no mildew spots, no insect holes, no shrinkage), and strictly store them in conventional dry, cool and ventilated conditions to ensure that the seeds have excellent initial germination ability.

[0032] Equipment preparation: prepare a small seed-specific mesh bag with fine and uniform mesh, durable material and size suitable for the amount of seeds this time. The mesh specifications can effectively intercept seeds and prevent leakage, while ensuring smooth flow of water in and out, which is conducive to disinfection and seed soaking operations; a household stainless steel warm water container with a capacity of about 2-3 liters and good thermal insulation performance. Through its double-wall structure and sealing lid design, it can slow down the rate of water temperature loss to the greatest extent; a piece of thick, soft and absorbent cotton cloth, the area of ​​which should be large enough to fully wrap 500 seeds; several clean dark vest bags as the outer layer of thermal insulation and moisture protection; a simple small germination box with a temperature control device with an accuracy of ±1°C, a hygrometer and adjustable vents, so as to accurately control the germination microenvironment.

[0033] The 500 selected seeds are re-inspected to eliminate defective seeds that may have been mixed in during the transportation and preparation process, ensuring that the seeds are of uniform and high quality and meet the germination requirements.

[0034] In early spring, when the outdoor temperature is stably maintained between 8℃-12℃ and there is plenty of sunshine, choose an open area with good ventilation, clean ground without debris, and full sunshine time of more than 6 hours. Spread 500 seeds evenly on it. The seed laying thickness should be between 2-3 cm. Gently flatten and comb the gourd seeds to avoid seed accumulation.

[0035] During the seed drying process, gently turn the seeds over every 2-3 hours to ensure that all sides are evenly exposed to light and heat. After 8 hours of full drying, the seeds are finished in the afternoon. The ultraviolet rays from the sun can kill potential pathogens on the surface of the seeds, regulate the hormone balance inside the embryo, and improve the uniformity of subsequent germination.

[0036] After the seeds are dried, put them into a special mesh bag, tie the bag tightly to prevent leakage, and then put them into a stainless steel warm water container that has been preheated and maintained at 60°C, ensuring that the seeds are completely immersed in the water. Sterilize for 15-20 minutes, during which time monitor the water temperature with a thermometer. If the water temperature shows a downward trend, add a small amount of hot water to maintain the temperature, and use high temperature to efficiently kill the pathogens and insect eggs carried by the seeds.

[0037] After disinfection, allow the warm water container containing the seeds to cool down slowly in a natural environment. Cover the container and leave a small gap to balance the air pressure. The seeds continue to be immersed in water. The whole process takes about 24 hours. During this period, it can be observed that the seeds gradually become plump due to sufficient water absorption, and the seed coat becomes slightly wrinkled and softened.

[0038] When the soaking period is over, take out the seeds, put the thick cotton cloth into a basin of warm water prepared in advance at a temperature of 28℃-30℃ to fully soak and wet it, then wring it out until it is dripping, wrap the seeds with cotton cloth to form an inner moisturizing layer that fits closely to the seeds, then put on a clean dark vest bag, tie the mouth and place it flat on the shelf in the germination box. The thickness should be controlled within 2 cm to simulate the temperature and humidity environment of the natural shallow soil, and use the double protection of cotton cloth and vest bag to lock in moisture.

[0039] Set the temperature of the germination box precisely at 28℃-30℃, adjust the humidity at 60%rh-80%rh, open the vents to the appropriate size to ensure proper air circulation in the box, and reserve a 3-4 cm wide strip on the top of the box for ventilation. From the time the seeds are placed in the box, carefully take out the net bag containing the seeds every 8 hours, immerse it in a basin of warm water maintained at the same temperature of 28℃-30℃, and rub the seeds with both hands in a gentle and soothing manner to wash away the mucus impurities on the surface and help the seeds absorb water and oxygen further, then drain and put them back into the germination box to continue germination.

[0040] After about 55-60 hours of repeated operation, more than 80% of the seeds will turn white, reaching the ideal sowing and germination state, and can be used for subsequent seedling raising and sowing.

[0041] Embodiment 2

[0042] In the professional seed reserve warehouse of the planting base, with the help of winnowing machines, screening machines and manual fine identification, 5,000 high-quality seeds were picked out from a large batch of gourd seeds. These gourd seeds have a full and firm texture, uniform surface color, no signs of mildew or pests and diseases, and are properly preserved.

[0043] Prepare several large seed-specific mesh bags. Each mesh bag is designed to accommodate about 1,000 seeds. The mesh is fine and leak-proof and is resistant to soaking and corrosion. Customize 5 large plastic warm water containers with a capacity of 20 liters and use high-efficiency insulation materials, such as polyurethane foam insulation layer, with built-in precise thermometers and heating rods, which can accurately control the temperature as needed and maintain stable water temperature. Use moisturizing cotton cloth and cut it into suitable sizes to wrap the seeds. Prepare dark vest bags. The internal space of the germination box is about 1 cubic meter, with a high-precision (±0.5℃) temperature control system, an intelligent humidity control module (humidity control accuracy of ±5% rh) and multiple evenly distributed, independently adjustable vents to ensure that the germination environment has balanced temperature and humidity and good ventilation.

[0044] The 5,000 seeds initially selected will be re-inspected.

[0045] In the suitable period from late February to mid-March in early spring, choose a weather period with consecutive sunny days, stable outdoor temperature at 8℃-10℃, sufficient light intensity and weak wind.

[0046] Seeds are dried in an open, flat and high-lying drying field at the base. The field has been cleaned and disinfected in advance. 5,000 seeds are spread out in batches in equal amounts, and the thickness of the seeds is strictly controlled to 2-3 cm with the help of mechanical flattening equipment. The seeds are turned evenly every 2 hours using an automatic turning device throughout the drying process. After 6-7 hours of high-quality drying, the uniformity of seed germination and disease resistance are improved.

[0047] After the seeds are dried, quickly place the seeds in the net bags, transfer them to the warm water container, and quickly immerse them in a large plastic container that has been preheated to 60°C and has a stable temperature. Each container has a built-in water temperature sensor that is linked to the intelligent temperature control system to ensure that the water temperature fluctuates very little within 15-20 minutes of disinfection, effectively removing harmful substances from the seeds and purifying the seeds.

[0048] After disinfection, turn off the heating rod and allow the container to cool down naturally in a shaded and well-ventilated indoor environment. The container is sealed but has small exhaust holes. The seeds are soaked continuously for 24 hours to allow the seeds to fully absorb water and the seed coat to soften.

[0049] After soaking the seeds, use automated soaking equipment to soak the thick cotton cloth to 28℃-30℃, then wring it out to wrap the seeds, put them in a vest bag, and lay them neatly on the shelves in the germination box in batches, controlling the thickness to no more than 2 cm.

[0050] The germination box is precisely set at 28℃-30℃, 60%rh-80%rh humidity, and the ventilation holes are properly adjusted. Every 8 hours, the seed net bag is taken out by the automated grabbing equipment and immersed in constant temperature warm water, gently scrubbed and drained, and returned to its place. After about 50-58 hours, more than 90% of the seeds are white, meeting the requirements of large-scale seedling and sowing at the base, ensuring efficient planting and production.

[0051] Traditional gourd seeds need 70-90 hours to turn white, while the invention stably controls the time to be 50-65 hours, saving about 20%-40% of time, seizing the sowing opportunity in advance, extending the growth cycle, and being conducive to the gourd being put on the market early to obtain price advantages or accumulating more photosynthetic products to increase yield.

[0052] After seeds are dried in the sun and the temperature and humidity are precisely controlled, the germination process is highly synchronized, the germination interval is shortened to within a few hours, the seedlings emerge in an orderly manner, which facilitates unified field management. The seedlings grow evenly, are strong, and have strong resistance to adversity, laying the foundation for high and stable yields.

[0053] Relying on the precise control of the germination box and the heat preservation and moisture retention of the wrapping, it can resist the low temperature and humidity fluctuations in early spring, and can guarantee a high germination rate of more than 80%, reduce the constraints of climate factors, and ensure that the planting plan is implemented as scheduled.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A germination accelerating method for improving the germination rate of gourd, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Seed selection: Select gourd seeds that are plump, free of pests and diseases, normal in color and properly stored; S2: Seed drying treatment: In clear weather in early spring, spread the selected gourd seeds on a clean, ventilated and well-lit drying area for drying; S3: Warm water disinfection: After drying the seeds, put the seeds into a mesh bag with fine and uniform mesh, and immerse them in a container of warm water for disinfection; S4: Soaking seeds. After disinfection, let the container cool down naturally while the seeds continue to be immersed in water; S5: Wrap to keep moisture and keep warm: After soaking the seeds, take a thick cotton cloth, rinse it with warm water in advance, then wring it out until it is dripping, gently wrap the soaked seeds to keep them moist, then put on a dark film bag, and place the wrapped seeds flat on the germination site; S6: Germination management: Place the seeds in a germination box, leaving a 3-4 cm opening on the top of the box. Take out the seeds every 8 hours, immerse them in warm water and gently scrub them until the seeds turn white.

2. A germination accelerating method for improving the germination rate of gourd according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the outdoor temperature is not less than 8°C during the drying of seeds.

3. A germination accelerating method for improving the germination rate of gourd according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the seed drying thickness is controlled at 2-3 cm, and the seed drying time is controlled at 5-8 hours.

4. A germination accelerating method for improving the germination rate of gourd according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the temperature of the warm water in the warm water container is 60° C., and the disinfection time is 15-20 minutes.

5. A germination accelerating method for improving the germination rate of gourd according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the total soaking time is not less than 24 hours.

6. A germination accelerating method for improving the germination rate of gourd according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the thick cotton cloth is passed through warm water at a temperature of 28°C-30°C.

7. A germination accelerating method for improving the germination rate of gourd according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, the seeds covered with dark film bags are placed flat on the germination site with a thickness of no more than 2 cm.

8. A germination accelerating method for improving the germination rate of gourd according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S5, the dark film bag is a dark vest bag.

9. A germination accelerating method for improving the germination rate of gourd according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the germination box is set at a temperature of 28° C.-30° C. and a humidity of 60% rh-80% rh.

10. A germination accelerating method for improving the germination rate of gourd according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S6, the temperature of the warm water is 28°C-30°C.

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