Application of mesotrione in improvement of crop yield

Abstract

The invention discloses an application of mesotrione in increasing crop yield. The mesotrione has the following application: increasing rice yield; the effective ear number of rice is increased; the grain number per ear of the rice is increased; the thousand seed weight of the rice is improved; the yield of wheat is improved; the corn yield is improved; the yield of potatoes is improved. The foliage fertilizer acts on leaf surfaces of crops (rice, wheat, corn and potatoes) in a spraying manner, so that the yield of the crops is increased; mesotrione is low in toxicity, easy to decompose, small in influence on human bodies and high in safety; the composition is applied to growth of crops, the use concentration is low, the use mode is different from that of a herbicide used for soil and weeds, the application of the composition is expanded, and a new technical scheme for increasing the crop yield is developed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant growth regulators, and particularly relates to the application of mesotrione in improving crop yield. Background Art

[0002] Abscisic acid (ABA) is one of the regulatory factors in various stages of plant growth, development and maturity. It is an important plant hormone with physiological functions such as regulating plant growth, maintaining bud and seed dormancy, promoting the shedding of fruits and leaves, and affecting flowering. ABA not only plays an important regulatory role in plant growth and development, but also participates in the plant's resistance to various adverse stresses. ABA is a strong plant growth inhibitor, which is formed in many parts such as senescent leaf tissues, mature fruits, seeds, stems, and roots. The biosynthesis of ABA is an important pathway that affects its content. Its biosynthesis can be divided into two pathways: one is the terpenoid pathway, also known as the C15 direct pathway, which directly forms 15-carbon ABA from farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) through cyclization and oxidation. The other is the carotenoid pathway, also known as the C40 indirect pathway, in which β-carotene polymerized from mevalonic acid (MVA) is catalyzed by zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP) encoded by AtABA1 / ZEP to form zeaxanthin, which is then oxidized by 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenases (NCEDs) to form flavonoid aldehyde, which is considered to be a key enzyme in ABA synthesis. Subsequently, flavonoid aldehyde is catalyzed by short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase (encoded by AtABA2) and aldehyde oxidase (AAO3) in the cytoplasm and activated by molybdenum cofactor sulfurase (MoCo) encoded by AtABA3, and finally converted into ABA. The C40 indirect pathway is the main pathway for ABA biosynthesis in plants.

[0003] Mesotrione, trade name Mistone, is an inhibitor herbicide developed by Syngenta that targets the enzyme p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD).

[0004] There is no published information on the association of mesotrione with abscisic acid or other effects of mesotrione on plant growth. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides the use of mesotrione in increasing crop yield. The present invention provides the use of mesotrione in promoting the yield of crops (rice, wheat, corn, potato).

[0006] The inventors have found that mesotrione has the following uses:

[0007] (1) Increase rice yield;

[0008] (2) Increase the number of effective panicles of rice;

[0009] (3) Increase the number of grains per ear of rice;

[0010] (4) Increase the thousand-grain weight of rice;

[0011] (5) Increase wheat yield;

[0012] (6) Increase corn yield;

[0013] (7) Increase potato yield.

[0014] The above-mentioned mesotrione acts on the leaves of crops by spraying.

[0015] Furthermore, the spraying concentration of mesotrione is 0.1 μmol / L to 1 μmol / L.

[0016] More preferably, the spraying concentration of mesotrione is 1 μmol / L.

[0017] The present invention found that the effect of mesotrione on increasing crop yield is dose-dependent, and 0.1-1 μmol / L can significantly increase the number of effective panicles, number of grains per panicle, thousand-grain weight and final yield per mu of rice, and significantly increase the yield of wheat, corn and potato. As the concentration increases, the yield tends to decrease.

[0018] As a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for increasing crop yield, which comprises spraying a mesotrione aqueous solution on the leaves of the crops.

[0019] Furthermore, the treatment of the method is carried out during the booting stage and heading stage of rice.

[0020] Furthermore, the treatment of the method is carried out twice at an interval of 30 days after the wheat turns green after wintering. In the embodiment of the present invention, it is carried out on the 30th day and the 60th day respectively.

[0021] Furthermore, the treatment of the method is sprayed twice after corn is sown, with an interval of 30 days between the two treatments. In the embodiment of the present invention, the treatment is carried out on the 30th day and the 60th day, respectively.

[0022] Furthermore, the treatment of the method is carried out by spraying three times after potato sowing, with an interval of 30 days between the three treatments. In the embodiment of the present invention, the treatment is carried out on the 30th day, the 60th day and the 90th day respectively.

[0023] The inventors have found that p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) can convert the amino acid tyrosine into plastoquinone. Plastoquinone is a cofactor of phytoene desaturase and a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of carotenoids. Spraying mesotrione at a normal dosage affects the synthesis of carotenoids in plants. Within 3-5 days, yellowing symptoms appear in the meristem of the plants, followed by dead spots, and eventually the plants turn white and die. Zeaxanthin in carotenoids is a precursor for the synthesis of abscisic acid in plants. Using mesotrione to act on zeaxanthin leads to a decrease in ABA content, reducing or eliminating the inhibitory effect of ABA on plant growth.

[0024] The present invention is beneficial in that:

[0025] 1. The present invention has discovered a new use of mesotrione other than as a herbicide. The present invention provides the use of mesotrione in the planting of crops (rice, wheat, corn, potato), which increases the crop yield by acting on the leaves of the crops (rice, wheat, corn, potato) in a spraying manner.

[0026] 2. Mesotrione has low toxicity, is easy to decompose, has little effect on the human body, and is highly safe. As a herbicide, the commonly used concentration is 15%. The present invention applies it to the growth of crops, and the use concentration is low. The use method is different from that of a herbicide used for soil and weeds. The present invention expands its application and develops a new technical solution for increasing crop yields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0028] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1 : Number of effective panicles of rice variety “Jirudao 2” sprayed with different mesotrione solutions.

[0030] Figure 2 : Grain number per ear of rice variety “Jirudao 2” sprayed with different mesotrione solutions.

[0031] Figure 3 : Thousand-grain weight of rice variety “Jiru Rice 2” sprayed with different mesotrione solutions.

[0032] Figure 4 : Yield of rice variety “Jiru Rice No. 2” sprayed with different mesotrione solutions.

[0033] Figure 5 : Yield of wheat variety “Jimai 22” sprayed with different mesotrione solutions.

[0034] Figure 6 : Yield of corn variety “Zhengdan 958” sprayed with different mesotrione solutions.

[0035] Figure 7 : Yield of potato variety "Feureta" sprayed with different mesotrione solutions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0037] Mesotrione, English name: Mesotrione;

[0038] Chemical name: 2-(4-methylsulfonyl)-2-nitrobenzoyl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione;

[0039] English chemical name: (2-(4-Mesyl-2-nitrobenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione).

[0040] The present invention uses a mesotrione solution to explore its effect on the yield of the rice variety "Jirudao 2" through foliar spraying. At the same time, the application effect of mesotrione is verified by using the wheat variety "Jimai 22", the corn variety "Zhengdan 958" and the potato variety "Feureta".

[0041] Example 1: Mesotrione increases rice yield

[0042] (1) Overview of the test site and test materials

[0043] The experimental site was located at the experimental base of Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rencheng District, Jining City, Shandong Province (116°35′44.754″E, 35°27′43.012″N, 39 meters above sea level).

[0044] Rice variety: Jiru Rice No. 2, provided by Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0045] The mesotrione powder solution was added to ddH2O to adjust the concentrations to 0.1, 1, and 10 μmol / L.

[0046] (2) Experimental design

[0047] The rice seedlings were raised on May 20, 2024, transplanted on June 24, and harvested on November 10 of the same year.

[0048] Jiru Rice No. 2 has 4 treatments:

[0049] Treatment 1: Blank control group (CK) ddH2O, sprayed at 15L / mu, the same below;

[0050] Treatment 2: Low-concentration spraying treatment group, 0.1 μmol / L mesotrione solution was sprayed on the leaves;

[0051] Treatment 3: medium concentration spraying treatment group, 1.0 μmol / L mesotrione solution was sprayed on the leaves;

[0052] Treatment 4: High-concentration spraying treatment group, 10 μmol / L mesotrione solution was sprayed on the leaves.

[0053] Each treatment was implemented twice, on August 5th at the booting stage and on August 21st at the heading stage.

[0054] A randomized block design was used, with 3 replicates for each treatment. Each plot was 2.2m wide and 3m long, with a row spacing of 0.28m and a hole spacing of 0.17m, with 4 rice plants per hole. A total of 576 plants were planted in each plot, with 0.5m protection rows set around it. Other cultivation and management measures were the same as conventional field management methods.

[0055] (3) Measurement indicators and measurement methods

[0056] Determination of effective ears number: During the harvest period, there were three replicates in each plot, and 8 rice holes were randomly selected from each replicate. Except for the rice ears with less than 5 solid grains per ear, the rest of the solid rice ears and the white ears caused by diseases and insects were counted as effective ears, and the average value was calculated.

[0057] Determination of fruit setting rate: Three replicates were made in each plot at the harvest time, and 10 ears were randomly selected from each replicate to calculate the fruit setting rate. Fruit setting rate (%) = average number of filled grains per ear / average total number of grains per ear.

[0058] Determination of the number of grains per ear: Three replicates were taken for each treatment at the harvest time, 10 ears were randomly selected from each replicate, and the number of grains per ear / empty grains was recorded.

[0059] Determination of thousand-grain weight: Taking the sun-dried and cleaned grains as the standard, randomly select 1000 grains and weigh them, and calculate the average value.

[0060] Determination of rice yield per mu: Three replicates were taken for each treatment during the harvest period. The area of ​​each replicate was 1.38 square meters, including 5 rows and 30 rice holes. After the grains were harvested, they were dried and cleaned, and the yield of each replicate was weighed and then converted to yield per mu.

[0061] Example 2: Mesotrione increases wheat yield

[0062] (1) Overview of the test site and test materials

[0063] The test site is located at the test base of Pengbo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tianbao Town, Tai'an City, Shandong Province (117°22'20.168400"E, 35°57'30.160800"N).

[0064] Wheat variety: Jimai 22, provided by Shandong Pengbo Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0065] (2) Experimental design

[0066] Wheat seeds were planted on October 19, 2023 and harvested on June 5, 2024.

[0067] Jimai 22 has two treatments:

[0068] Treatment 1: blank control group (CK), ddH2O, sprayed at 15 L / mu, the same below;

[0069] Treatment 2: Foliar spraying of low-concentration mesotrione solution, the concentration of mesotrione solution was 1.0 μmol / L.

[0070] Each treatment was implemented 30 days and 60 days after the wheat overwintered and turned green, for a total of 2 times.

[0071] A randomized block design was adopted, with 3 replications for each treatment, each replication occupying one ridge, with a ridge width of 0.8m, a ridge distance of 0.2m, a ridge length of 50m, and two ridge protection rows around it. Other cultivation management measures were the same as conventional field management methods.

[0072] (3) Measurement indicators and measurement methods

[0073] Determination of wheat yield per mu: Three replicates were taken for each treatment during the harvest period. The area of ​​each replicate was 1.0 square meter. Five plots were randomly selected from each replicate. Wheat grains from a total of 15 plots were harvested, then dried and winnowed. The yield of each replicate was weighed and then converted to yield per mu.

[0074] Example 3: Mesotrione increases corn yield

[0075] (1) Overview of the test site and test materials

[0076] The experiment site is located at the experimental base of Panhe Campus of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province (117°10'13.220400"E, 36°10'38.974800"N).

[0077] Corn variety: Zhengdan 958, provided by Shandong Agricultural University.

[0078] (2) Experimental design

[0079] Corn was planted on May 7, 2024 and harvested on September 21, 2024.

[0080] Zhengdan 958 has two types of treatment:

[0081] Treatment 1: blank control group (CK), ddH2O, sprayed at 15 L / mu, the same below;

[0082] Treatment 2: Foliar spraying of low-concentration mesotrione solution, the concentration of mesotrione solution was 1.0 μmol / L.

[0083] Each treatment was implemented 30 days and 60 days after corn sowing, for a total of 2 times.

[0084] A randomized block design was adopted, with 3 replications for each treatment, 1 row for each replication, 0.6m row spacing, 0.3m plant spacing, and two ridges for protection rows around the plant. Other cultivation and management measures were the same as conventional field management methods.

[0085] (3) Measurement indicators and measurement methods

[0086] Determination of corn yield per mu: Three replicates were taken for each treatment at harvest time, and the area of ​​each replicate was 1.44m 2 (1.2m*1.2m) square meters, including 2 rows of 10 corn plants. After the kernels are harvested, they are dried and winnowed, and the yield of each replicate is weighed and then converted to the yield per mu.

[0087] Example 4: Mesotrione increases potato yield

[0088] (1) Overview of the test site and test materials

[0089] The experimental site is located at the experimental base of the Institute of Specialty Crops, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences (109°33′54.5″E, 31°24′0.8″N).

[0090] Potato variety: Favorita, provided by the Special Crops Institute of Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0091] (2) Experimental design

[0092] The seed potatoes were planted on December 27, 2023 and harvested on May 21, 2024.

[0093] Favorita has 4 treatments:

[0094] Blank control group (CK): ddH2O, sprayed at 15L / mu, the same below;

[0095] Low-concentration spraying treatment group: 0.1 μmol / L mesotrione solution was sprayed on the leaves;

[0096] Medium concentration spraying treatment group: 1.0 μmol / L mesotrione solution was sprayed on the leaves;

[0097] High-concentration spraying treatment group: 10 μmol / L mesotrione solution was sprayed on the leaves.

[0098] Each treatment was implemented 3 times at 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing.

[0099] A wide ridge planting mode was adopted, with a bed spacing of 1 meter, ridges on the beds, ridge height of 20 cm, and two rows per ridge. A randomized block design was adopted, with 3 replicates for each treatment, and 3 plots were randomly selected for each replicate, with an area of ​​14m 2 (7m*2m), with two ridges for protection around it, and other cultivation management measures are the same as conventional field management methods.

[0100] Results and Analysis

[0101] (1) Treatment with mesotrione increases the yield of the rice variety "Jiru Rice No. 2"

[0102] The number of effective ears, the number of grains per ear, and the thousand-grain weight are important factors affecting crop yield. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The study is about the effects of different concentrations of mesotrione solution treatment on the rice variety "Jirudao 2" in terms of effective panicle number, number of grains per panicle, thousand-grain weight, and yield per mu. As can be seen from the figure, the rice "Ji Ru Rice No. 2" treated with different concentrations of mesotrione solution had significantly higher effective panicle number, number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight than the blank control (treatment one). Compared with the blank control, the effective panicle number of "Ji Ru Rice No. 2" treated with 0.1 μmol / L mesotrione solution increased by 13.41%, the number of grains per panicle increased by 7.35%, the 1000-grain weight increased by 0.71%, and the final yield per mu increased by 14.56%; the effective panicle number of "Ji Ru Rice No. 2" treated with 1.0 μmol / L mesotrione solution increased by 14.75%, the number of grains per panicle increased by 3.89%, the 1000-grain weight increased by 3.17%, and the final yield per mu increased by 15.53%; the effective panicle number of "Ji Ru Rice No. 2" treated with 10 μmol / L mesotrione solution increased by 10.04%, the number of grains per panicle decreased by 2.87%, the 1000-grain weight increased by 1.48%, and the final yield per mu decreased by 1.94%.

[0103] (2) Treatment with mesotrione increases the yield of wheat variety “Jimai 22”

[0104] like Figure 5As shown, the yield of wheat "Jimai 22" increased from 470.34±4.82kg / mu in the blank control group (treatment one) to 536.62±14.03kg / mu in treatment two, and the mesotrione treatment increased the wheat yield by 14.01%, indicating that the yield-increasing effect of the mesotrione solution on wheat is consistent with its effect on rice.

[0105] (3) Treatment with mesotrione increases the yield of corn variety "Zhengdan 958"

[0106] like Figure 6 As shown, the yield of corn "Zhengdan 958" increased from 696.74±56.04kg / mu in the blank control group (treatment one) to 747.89±71.10kg / mu in treatment two, and the mesotrione treatment increased the corn yield by 7.34%, indicating that the yield-increasing effect of the mesotrione solution on corn is consistent with its effect on rice and wheat.

[0107] (4) Treatment with mesotrione increases the yield of potato variety "Feureta"

[0108] Figure 7 The yield of the potato variety "Feureta" after different treatments is shown, among which the yield of the blank control group (treatment one) is 176.28±8.81kg / mu; the yield of treatment two (0.1μmol / L mesotrione) is the highest, which is 402.58±20.13kg / mu, with a growth rate of 1283.78%; the yield of treatment three (1.0μmol / L mesotrione) is 331.12.58±20.13kg / mu, which is 87.84% higher than the control (CK); treatment three is potatoes treated with 10μmol / L mesotrione, and its yield is 152.46±7.62kg / mu, which is 13.51% lower than the control (CK).

[0109] in conclusion

[0110] The results of the present invention show that the treatment with mesotrione solution can significantly increase the yield of rice, wheat, corn and potato.

[0111] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of mesotrione in increasing crop yield.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crops include rice, wheat, corn and potatoes.

3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: Mesotrione has the following uses: (1) Increase rice yield; (2) Increase the number of effective panicles of rice; (3) Increase the number of grains per ear of rice; (4) Increase the thousand-grain weight of rice; (5) Increase wheat yield; (6) Increase corn yield; (7) Increase potato yield.

4. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: Mesotrione acts on the leaves of crops by spraying.

5. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying concentration of mesotrione is 0.1 μmol / L to 1 μmol / L.

6. A method for increasing crop yield, characterized in that: To spray a solution of mesotrione on the leaves of crops.

7. The method for increasing crop yield according to claim 6, characterized in that: The treatment of the method is carried out during the rice booting stage and heading stage.

8. The method for increasing crop yield according to claim 6, characterized in that: The treatment method is to spray the wheat twice with an interval of 30 days after the wheat turns green after winter.

9. The method for increasing crop yield according to claim 6, characterized in that: The treatment in the method is sprayed twice after corn is sown, with an interval of 30 days between the two treatments.

10. The method for increasing crop yield according to claim 6, characterized in that: The treatment of the method is carried out by spraying three times after potato sowing, and the three treatments are separated by 30 days.

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