Fire-fighting joint control redundant system of high-pressure cascade valve hall type energy storage system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly discloses a high-pressure cascade valve hall type energy storage system fire-fighting joint control redundant system, which comprises a power supply unit, a fire-fighting detection unit, a fire-fighting joint control unit and a fire-fighting host, the fire-fighting joint control unit comprises a reactor controller, a standby control module and joint control equipment; the power supply unit is used for providing power; the fire-fighting detection unit is used for monitoring whether a thermal runaway risk exists or not in real time, transmitting the thermal runaway risk to the fire-fighting host in real time and sending alarm information to the fire-fighting joint control unit; the fire-fighting host is used for receiving and analyzing the monitoring data transmitted by the fire-fighting detection unit and the third-party alarm equipment and sending out a control instruction; the heap controller and the standby control module are used for receiving the alarm information and the control instruction and controlling the joint control equipment to execute the control instruction; according to the method, the thermal runaway risk of the energy storage system is monitored in real time, the fire fighting equipment is controlled through multi-stage linkage, and timely response to the potential thermal runaway risk of the high-pressure cascade valve hall type energy storage system is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and more particularly to a fire protection joint control redundant system of a high-pressure cascade valve hall type energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of energy storage technology, traditional battery energy storage power stations can convert the DC power of the battery system into AC power through energy storage converters, and use step-up transformers to increase the voltage to connect to the grid, thereby meeting power supply needs. However, during the charging and discharging process, the battery system may cause thermal runaway due to chemical reactions and external factors, thus affecting the safety of the energy storage power station.

[0003] To ensure the safety of energy storage power stations, improving the reliability of fire protection systems is key. Fire protection systems must always operate normally for effective monitoring and response. Common fire protection solutions currently have the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1. Fire protection systems usually only have one lead-acid battery as a backup battery at the host, but their detection and collection devices are often powered by a single circuit. If the collection circuit fails due to power outage, the fire protection host may not be able to start responding in time when a fire occurs;

[0005] 2. Fire signals need to be transmitted synchronously to the energy storage device. If the receiving circuit of the energy storage device fails when a fire occurs, even if the fire protection system has been triggered, the energy storage device may continue to operate at full capacity due to the lack of a fire protection joint control mechanism, exacerbating the fire and making it impossible to effectively control the fire;

[0006] 3. Conventional fire-fighting equipment is powered by a low-voltage system. In high-voltage energy storage systems of 10KV and above, there is a difference in voltage between the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side to the ground, which poses a risk of breakdown, making traditional fire-fighting solutions no longer applicable in such scenarios. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fire protection joint control redundant system for a high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system, which realizes timely response to the potential thermal runaway risk of the high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system by real-time monitoring of the thermal runaway risk of the energy storage system and controlling the joint control equipment through multi-level linkage.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A fire protection joint control redundant system of a high-voltage cascade valve hall type energy storage system, comprising: a power supply unit, a fire detection unit, a fire protection joint control unit and a fire protection host;

[0010] Among them, the fire control unit includes: stack controller, backup control module, and joint control equipment;

[0011] The power supply unit is used to provide a stable power supply; wherein the power supply unit includes: a mains power supply and a DC bus side of a battery stack;

[0012] The fire detection unit is used to monitor in real time whether the energy storage module has a risk of thermal runaway, and transmit the monitoring data to the fire host in real time, and send alarm information to the fire joint control unit at the same time;

[0013] The fire host is used to receive and analyze the monitoring data transmitted from the fire detection unit and the third-party alarm device, and generate and issue control instructions according to preset trigger logic rules;

[0014] The stack controller and the standby control module are used to receive the alarm information sent by the fire detection unit and the control instructions sent by the fire host, and control the joint control equipment to execute the corresponding control instructions.

[0015] Furthermore, the power supply unit is connected to the fire detection unit and the fire control unit respectively; the third-party alarm device is connected to the fire host;

[0016] The fire detection unit is connected to the stack controller and the standby control module respectively;

[0017] The fire host is connected to the stack controller and the standby control module respectively;

[0018] The stack controller is connected to the standby control module;

[0019] The software control unit in the stack controller is connected to the joint control device via the hardware control unit in the standby control module.

[0020] Further, the power supply unit includes: an isolation device, a power module and a conversion switch;

[0021] The isolation device is connected to the mains, and the power module is connected to the battery stack;

[0022] The isolation device and the power module are respectively connected to the conversion switch;

[0023] The isolation device comprises: an isolation transformer, an isolation switch and a resistor;

[0024] Wherein, the isolation transformer, isolation switch and resistor are connected in series, in parallel or in a combination of series and parallel.

[0025] Furthermore, the isolation device is connected to the mains; the power module is connected to the DC bus side of the battery stack; and the isolation device is connected to the battery stack at the same potential.

[0026] Further, the backup control module includes a plurality of onboard relays; wherein the plurality of onboard relays are connected in series, in parallel or in a combination of series and parallel;

[0027] The onboard relay includes: a number of digital input ports DI1 to DIn and a number of digital output ports DO1 to DOn;

[0028] The digital input port is used to receive the alarm signal sent by the fire control unit and the control command sent by the fire host;

[0029] The digital output port is used to send control instructions to the joint control device.

[0030] Furthermore, the trigger logic rules of the standby control module include:

[0031] When DI1 and DI2 are triggered at the same time, DOn does not act, indicating that both circuits are normal and the software control unit takes priority.

[0032] When neither DI1 nor DI2 is triggered, DOn does not act, indicating that there is no fire trigger;

[0033] When only one set of DI1 and DI2 is triggered, DOn does not work, which means one of the two circuits is abnormal.

[0034] When only one set of DI1 and DI2 is triggered, and DI3 fire protection is triggered, DOn is activated, and the hardware control unit controls the fire protection linkage; at the same time, the software control unit issues a shutdown command.

[0035] Furthermore, the joint control equipment includes: air conditioning, fresh air, emergency lighting, and sound and light alarms.

[0036] Furthermore, the fire fighting actions include: battery stack standby, stopping charging and discharging, lowering battery temperature, air conditioning power off, fresh air shutdown, emergency lighting start-up, sound and light alarm start-up or passage door opening prompt.

[0037] Furthermore, a plurality of the stack controllers are interconnected, and when a battery stack controller detects the action of the joint control device, it transmits a control signal to other stack controllers, and combines with an address recognition mechanism to achieve linkage between battery stacks when a fire event is triggered.

[0038] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0039] The present invention monitors the thermal runaway risk of the energy storage module in real time through the fire detection unit, can promptly discover potential safety hazards, and remind relevant personnel through alarm information; the fire host receives and analyzes the monitoring data, makes rapid decisions according to preset logical rules, generates control instructions, and improves the response speed and accuracy of the fire joint control redundant system to fire risks; multi-level linkage control is achieved through the setting of the stack controller and the backup control module, ensuring that when the stack controller fails, the backup control module can take over the control, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the fire joint control redundant system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0041] The fire control redundant system using a high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings;

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall connection of the fire protection joint control redundant system of the high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of power supply output in the fire protection joint control redundant system of the high-voltage cascade valve hall-type energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a fire linkage unit in a fire linkage control redundant system of a high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of each interface in the standby control module of the fire protection joint control redundant system of the high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the linkage of battery stacks in a backup control module in a fire protection joint control redundant system of a high-voltage cascade valve hall-type energy storage system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0048] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0049] 1. The present invention provides a high-voltage cascade valve hall-type energy storage system fire control redundancy system, comprising: a power supply unit, a fire detection unit, a fire control unit and a fire host;

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the power supply unit is used to provide a stable power supply; wherein the power supply unit includes: a mains power supply and a battery stack DC bus side;

[0051] It should be noted that the power supply unit in the present invention has two input sources, one is the AC power provided by the factory; the other is the DC power provided by the energy storage module battery stack. In this solution, power is taken from the DC bus side of the battery stack.

[0052] The fire detection unit is used to monitor in real time whether the energy storage module has a risk of thermal runaway, and transmit the monitoring data to the fire host in real time, and send alarm information to the fire joint control unit at the same time;

[0053] The fire host is used to receive and analyze the monitoring data transmitted from the fire detection unit and the third-party alarm device, and generate and issue control instructions according to preset trigger logic rules;

[0054] The stack controller and the standby control module are used to receive the alarm information issued by the fire detection unit and the control instructions issued by the fire host, and control the joint control device to execute the corresponding control instructions;

[0055] Among them, the software control unit is specifically: a PLC control module.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the power supply unit is connected to the fire detection unit and the fire joint control unit respectively; the third-party alarm device is connected to the fire host;

[0057] The fire detection unit is connected to the stack controller and the standby control module in the fire joint control unit;

[0058] The fire host is connected to the stack controller and the standby control module in the fire joint control unit;

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, the software control unit in the stack controller is connected to the joint control device via the hardware control unit in the standby control module;

[0060] It should be noted that the third-party alarm device is generally a building fire alarm. When other combustible materials burn, the building fire alarm is triggered and the signal will be fed back to the fire host. The fire host will then feed back to the energy storage device and shut down the battery stacks in some areas at any time according to the changes in the surrounding fire.

[0061] The fire detection unit in the present invention is provided by a fire protection manufacturer and can detect whether the battery stack has a risk of thermal runaway by means of a composite detector, thermal imaging, etc.

[0062] The stack controller in the present invention is the battery stack monitoring core, which is responsible for receiving fire feedback signals, and then communicating with the joint control equipment, and issuing commands to activate the joint control equipment through the network, 485, etc.

[0063] Among them, the backup control module refers to the backup hardware loop of fire feedback, which directly drives the joint control equipment through hardware to ensure that the fire signal can be effectively transmitted to the joint control equipment when the software loop fails.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the power supply unit includes: an isolation device, a power module and a conversion switch;

[0065] The isolation device is connected to the mains, and the power module is connected to the battery stack;

[0066] The isolation device and the power module are respectively connected to the conversion switch;

[0067] The isolation device comprises: an isolation transformer, an isolation switch and a resistor;

[0068] Wherein, the isolation transformer, isolation switch and resistor are connected in series, in parallel or in a combination of series and parallel.

[0069] The isolation device is connected to the mains; the power module is connected to the DC bus side of the battery stack; the isolation device is connected to the battery stack at the same potential.

[0070] It should be noted that: in the AC input circuit of the power supply unit, the AC power needs to pass through various isolation devices after being connected. Generally, the isolation device is composed of an isolation transformer, an isolation switch, a resistor, etc., to achieve isolation of the high and low voltage circuits; at the same time, the isolation device needs to be connected to the battery stack at the same potential to eliminate the voltage difference between the high and low voltage sides and the ground, so as to ensure that the high and low voltage power supplies are in an equal potential state; finally, the conversion switch is connected.

[0071] In the battery input circuit of the power supply unit, when the input power comes from the DC bus of the battery stack, the high-voltage DC power is converted into AC power specifications through the power module (AC-DC) and finally connected to the conversion switch.

[0072] The transfer switch in the power supply unit is generally an automatic transfer switch (ATS); the logical sequence is: when starting up for the first time, the mains is input first, and then the battery stack is switched to after the energy storage system is running stably. The battery is the main power source, and the mains is the auxiliary power source. The transfer switch can be self-transfer and self-recovery. After operation, the mains input is switched only when the battery stack fails or undergoes maintenance.

[0073] like Figure 4As shown, the backup control module includes a plurality of onboard relays; wherein the plurality of onboard relays are connected in series, in parallel or in a combination of series and parallel;

[0074] The onboard relay includes: digital input ports DI1 to DIn and digital output ports DO1 to DOn;

[0075] The digital input port is used to receive the alarm signal sent by the fire control unit and the control command sent by the fire host;

[0076] The digital output port is used to send control instructions to the joint control device.

[0077] The trigger logic rules of the standby control module include:

[0078] When DI1 and DI2 are triggered at the same time, DOn does not act, indicating that both circuits are normal and the software control unit takes priority.

[0079] When neither DI1 nor DI2 is triggered, DOn does not act, indicating that there is no fire trigger;

[0080] When only one set of DI1 and DI2 is triggered, DOn does not work, which means one of the two circuits is abnormal.

[0081] When only one set of DI1 and DI2 is triggered, and DI3 fire protection is triggered, DOn is activated, and the hardware control unit controls the fire protection linkage; at the same time, the software control unit issues a shutdown command.

[0082] It should be noted that the backup control module is the backup hardware circuit, which refers to the stack-level H-bridge for the stack controller, and the positive and negative poles of the battery stack are connected to the H-block main circuit: the backup control module is an external low-voltage module on the H-bridge, which can be optionally installed according to actual conditions.

[0083] like Figure 5 As shown, it can be realized by connecting multiple on-board relays. DI1 to DIn are responsible for receiving fire feedback, stack controller feedback, fire trigger signal, etc. When DI meets the conditions, DO1-DOn action can be triggered, DO changes its original state, the state of the back-end device control loop changes, and the device is driven; the logical linkage between DI and DO is completed through the hardware loop and is not affected by software.

[0084] The fire fighting actions include: putting the battery stack on standby, stopping charging and discharging, lowering the battery temperature, cutting off the air conditioner, stopping the fresh air, reducing the injection of fresh air to prevent combustion, starting the emergency lighting, starting the sound and light alarm or opening the passage door to remind people on site to evacuate as soon as possible in case of fire.

[0085] The plurality of stack controllers are interconnected. When a battery stack controller detects the action of the joint control device, it transmits the control signal to other stack controllers and combines the address recognition mechanism to realize the linkage between the battery stacks when a fire event is triggered.

[0086] It should be noted that: when the fire control linkage of a battery stack is activated, it will be fed back to other battery stacks in the same valve tower, and coordinated actions will be taken when the fire is triggered, that is, the fire control area will be expanded to a valve tower and valve hall.

[0087] 2. The present invention provides the following description for power supply redundancy design:

[0088] 1) When the energy storage system is powered on for the first time, the fire-fighting equipment needs to be powered by the mains. The mains power supplies the fire-fighting equipment through the isolation device and the transfer switch;

[0089] 2) After the energy storage system is operating normally, the power supply is switched to the battery stack through the conversion switch. The DC side of the battery stack provides power, which is converted into AC power through the power module and the conversion switch to power the fire detection unit;

[0090] 3) The energy storage system generally does not shut down after startup, and the DC busbar is energized for a long time, and can continuously supply power to fire-fighting equipment regardless of charging, discharging, or standby status;

[0091] 4) When the energy storage system fails or undergoes maintenance, it needs to be shut down and the DC power supply is cut off. At this time, the AC power supply is switched back through the conversion switch. When the maintenance is completed and the system is operating normally, the battery stack power supply is switched back again;

[0092] 5) The transfer switch has the function of self-transfer and self-recovery, and the power switching can be completed automatically; in special circumstances, the power supply can be manually switched by issuing commands through the monitoring system.

[0093] 3. The present invention provides the following description for monitoring redundancy design:

[0094] 1) After the fire detection unit detects abnormal high temperature, it will feedback the current status to the fire host until the fault is upgraded to trigger the fire. The fire-fighting agent in the host is released through the pipeline, and the gas is injected into the high-temperature battery stack to extinguish the fire;

[0095] 2) Fire detection not only feeds back the fire host, but also feeds back the alarm status to the fire control unit in the energy storage device;

[0096] 3) After receiving the alarm feedback, the fire control unit sends the signal to the stack controller and the standby control module at the same time;

[0097] 4) In general, the stack controller is given priority, and the software issues commands to control the air conditioning, fresh air, emergency lighting, sound and light alarm and other equipment;

[0098] 5) When the stack controller is abnormal, the fire signal passes through the backup control module to directly drive the air conditioning, fresh air, emergency lighting, sound and light alarm and other equipment to act;

[0099] 6) The standby control module can form a pure hardware control loop through multiple intermediate relays or onboard relays to directly drive the joint control equipment to operate, such as Figure 4 As shown, for example:

[0100] Battery stack: DO acts to control the shutdown of the faulty battery stack; at the same time, the software controls the input of the redundant battery stack;

[0101] Air conditioning: DO action controls the shunt tripping of the front switch of the air conditioning, emergency power off, and reduces the air circulation speed;

[0102] Fresh air: DO action cuts off the power circuit to prevent fresh air from being injected into the combustion chamber;

[0103] Lighting: DO action turns on emergency lighting, which can be configured as a red light to remind personnel that there is a fault and to stay away from the equipment;

[0104] Alarm: DO action connects the power of buzzer and other sound equipment, and the alarm sound prompts people to evacuate;

[0105] Door control: DO action cuts off the power supply circuit of the channel door. The doors of large-scale plant-level equipment have electromagnetic locks. At this time, the evacuation channel should be kept unobstructed;

[0106] The above actions are called firefighting cutting and emergency evacuation.

[0107] 4. The present invention provides the following description for multi-stage cascade control:

[0108] 1) When a battery stack fire control is triggered, all battery stacks in the same area, i.e., a valve tower, will receive fire feedback;

[0109] 2) If two or more battery stacks are triggered in the same valve tower, all battery stacks in the valve tower will trigger fire linkage to perform tower-level fire protection;

[0110] 3) If the fire continues to expand, two or more valve towers in a valve hall are triggered to fire, and all valve towers in the entire valve hall are linked to fire, and the building fire protection will be activated at any time, and the alarm will be issued to evacuate the on-site personnel, and the energy storage system needs to be shut down urgently;

[0111] 4) If Figure 5 As shown, the battery stacks are connected via multiple optical fibers to provide communication redundancy, eliminating the need for pure hardware redundancy.

[0112] In summary, the present invention further has the following technical effects:

[0113] (1) The fire-fighting mains power supply adopts multi-level isolation and equipotential connection to ensure that the fire-fighting equipment can work normally and is not affected by the high-voltage system;

[0114] (2) No longer relying solely on the mains to power the fire detection unit, the DC side of the energy storage device is used as the primary power source. The large capacity of the energy storage battery stack and the internal battery pack redundancy can provide uninterrupted power supply, thereby improving the power supply stability of the fire detection equipment;

[0115] (3) When the monitoring equipment communication is abnormal, the hardware circuit of the backup control module can directly drive the joint control equipment to complete firefighting and emergency evacuation;

[0116] (4) Valve hall-level high-pressure energy storage system, in addition to handling and configuring fire-fighting equipment, its own low-pressure equipment can cooperate with building fire protection for fire-fighting linkage;

[0117] (5) When a fire is triggered, multiple levels of linkage can be performed to achieve regional alarm evacuation.

[0118] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system fire control redundant system, characterized in that: include: Power supply unit, fire detection unit, fire control unit and fire host; Among them, the fire control unit includes: stack controller, backup control module, and joint control equipment; The power supply unit is used to provide a stable power supply; wherein the power supply unit includes: a mains power supply and a DC bus side of a battery stack; The fire detection unit is used to monitor in real time whether the energy storage module has a risk of thermal runaway, and transmit the monitoring data to the fire host in real time, and send alarm information to the fire joint control unit at the same time; The fire host is used to receive and analyze the monitoring data transmitted from the fire detection unit and the third-party alarm device, and generate and issue control instructions according to preset trigger logic rules; The stack controller and the standby control module are used to receive the alarm information sent by the fire detection unit and the control instructions sent by the fire host, and control the joint control equipment to execute the corresponding control instructions.

2. The fire control redundant system of the high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power supply unit is connected to the fire detection unit and the fire control unit respectively; the third-party alarm device is connected to the fire host; The fire detection unit is connected to the stack controller and the standby control module respectively; The fire host is connected to the stack controller and the standby control module respectively; The stack controller is connected to the standby control module; The software control unit in the stack controller is connected to the joint control device via the hardware control unit in the standby control module.

3. The fire control redundant system of the high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power supply unit comprises: an isolation device, a power module and a conversion switch; The isolation device is connected to the mains, and the power module is connected to the battery stack; The isolation device and the power module are respectively connected to the conversion switch; The isolation device comprises: an isolation transformer, an isolation switch and a resistor; Wherein, the isolation transformer, isolation switch and resistor are connected in series, in parallel or in a combination of series and parallel.

4. The fire control redundant system of the high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The isolation device is connected to the mains; the power module is connected to the DC bus side of the battery stack; the isolation device is connected to the battery stack at the same potential.

5. The fire control redundant system of the high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The backup control module includes a plurality of onboard relays; wherein the plurality of onboard relays are connected in series, in parallel or in a combination of series and parallel; The onboard relay includes: a number of digital input ports DI1 to DIn and a number of digital output ports DO1 to DOn; The digital input port is used to receive the alarm signal sent by the fire control unit and the control command sent by the fire host; The digital output port is used to send control instructions to the joint control device.

6. The fire control redundant system of the high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The trigger logic rules of the standby control module include: When DI1 and DI2 are triggered at the same time, DOn does not act, indicating that both circuits are normal and the software control unit takes priority. When neither DI1 nor DI2 is triggered, DOn does not act, indicating that there is no fire trigger; When only one set of DI1 and DI2 is triggered, DOn does not work, which means one of the two circuits is abnormal. When only one set of DI1 and DI2 is triggered, and DI3 fire protection is triggered, DOn is activated, and the hardware control unit controls the fire protection linkage; at the same time, the software control unit issues a shutdown command.

7. The fire control redundant system of the high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The joint control equipment includes: air conditioning, fresh air, emergency lighting, and sound and light alarms.

8. The fire control redundant system of the high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fire fighting actions include: battery stack standby, stopping charging and discharging, lowering battery temperature, air conditioning power off, fresh air shutdown, emergency lighting start-up, sound and light alarm start-up or channel door opening prompt.

9. The fire control redundant system of the high-pressure cascade valve hall-type energy storage system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The plurality of stack controllers are interconnected. When a battery stack controller detects the action of the joint control device, it transmits the control signal to other stack controllers and combines the address recognition mechanism to realize the linkage between the battery stacks when a fire event is triggered.

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