Method for preparing organic fertilizer by cracking, fermenting and cooking crop straws

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by cracking, fermenting and cooking crop straws. The method comprises the following steps: (1) grinding, puffing, crushing and cracking the crop straws; (2) performing compound fermentation and decay on the crop straw powder; and (3) condensing, pyrolyzing and decomposing the crop straw powder to form a compound substance which is easily absorbed by soil and crop root systems. The straw is fully utilized, and waste is turned into wealth; the crop straws are cracked by adopting a mechanical grinding, crushing and puffing method. According to the fermentation process, a yeast method, a mold decaying method and a freezing, cooking and dissolving method are adopted to prepare a commercial organic matter fertilizer. The fertilizer is high in decomposition property, convenient to absorb by soil and crops and obvious in effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing organic fertilizer from crop straws. Background Art

[0002] In recent decades, people have been exploring the technology of returning crop straw to the fields, and have tried the fermentation method and the shredding method, but they have not played a good role. On the one hand, they do not play a role in fertilizing the fields and promoting the growth of crops. On the contrary, they affect the growth of crops, making it difficult for crops to take root, and a small number of crops die during growth. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a process technology for cracking and fermenting crop straw to produce commercial organic fertilizer. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the invention is to provide a method for preparing organic fertilizer by cracking, fermenting and boiling crop straw, which fully utilizes the straw, has strong fertilizer decomposition property and is easy for soil and crops to absorb.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: A method for preparing organic fertilizer by cracking, fermenting and boiling crop straw, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (1) Rolling, puffing, crushing and breaking the crop straw: First, a single type of crop straw is selected, and the crop straw powder is obtained by sequentially performing the rolling system, drying system, puffing system, crushing system and screening system; (2) Compound fermentation and decomposition of crop straw powder: The crop straw powder is put into the fermentation stage to further decompose the crop straw puffed powder; the decomposition process uses a compound fermentation of yeast agent and mold agent, and the yeast agent and mold agent are mixed into the crop straw powder for fermentation and decomposition; (3) Condensation pyrolysis and composting of crop straw powder: After the crop straw powder undergoes compound fermentation and composting, it is processed in the maturation stage. The maturation process adopts the condensation pyrolysis process, that is, the puffed fermentation powder of the crop straw is quickly frozen at an extremely low temperature to undergo cell contraction destruction and maturation, and then subjected to high-temperature steaming and pyrolysis to cause cell expansion and tearing destruction, so that the crop straw components are decomposed and matured to form chemical substances that are easily absorbed by the soil and crop roots.

[0005] The invention makes full use of straw and turns waste into treasure; the crop straw is broken by mechanical rolling, crushing and puffing. The fermentation process adopts yeast method, mold decomposition method and freezing and cooking decomposition method to produce commercial organic fertilizer. The fertilizer has strong decomposition, is easy to be absorbed by soil and crops, and has obvious effect.

[0006] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0007] A method for preparing organic fertilizer by cracking, fermenting and boiling crop straw, comprising the following steps: (1) Crop straw is crushed, expanded, pulverized and broken: single crop straw is selected, and the crop straw powder is obtained through the rolling system, drying system, expansion system, crushing system and screening system in sequence; the crop straw is crushed and broken by the rolling device in the machine to destroy its physical structure, and then the fiber structure is destroyed by the dry drying system and expansion agent to expand it, forming a light and large material.

[0008] (2) Composite fermentation and decomposition of crop straw powder: When crop straw becomes puffed crop straw powder, its internal structure has not changed, the saccharides have not been converted, and the molecular chains have not been broken. It needs to be decomposed and converted. Therefore, the composite fermentation method is used for treatment, and yeast and mold agents are used for fermentation treatment.

[0009] The crop straw powder enters the fermentation stage to further decompose the crop straw puffed powder; the decomposition process adopts a yeast agent and a mold agent for composite fermentation, the yeast agent and the mold agent are mixed into the crop straw powder, the yeast agent and the mold agent are diluted with water and evenly mixed with the crop straw powder, the yeast agent liquid and the mold agent liquid are evenly mixed in a ratio of 1:1, the composite agent liquid is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:50 to form a mold yeast agent liquid, the mold yeast agent liquid and the crop puffed powder are stirred and fermented in a weight ratio of 1:20, and then stacked, and covered and sealed with a plastic film, and the temperature is maintained between 20°C and 25°C for 5-7 days. After it is fully fermented and decomposed, the plastic film is uncovered to form a crop straw puffed fermented powder; (3) Condensation and pyrolysis of crop straw powder: After the crop straw puffing and fermentation powder is formed, the internal structure of this powder is still not matured, and its nutrients cannot be completely integrated into the soil and absorbed by crops, so it still needs to be matured.

[0010] After the crop straw powder is compound fermented and decomposed, it is processed in the maturation stage. The maturation process adopts the condensation pyrolysis process method, which is to put the crop straw puffed fermentation powder into minus 60 degrees Celsius and freeze it quickly, take it out after 6-8 hours, and then steam it at high temperature for 3-4 hours. After cooling, mix it with carbon and ammonia, and mix it according to the weight ratio of crop straw puffed fermentation powder: carbon and ammonia of 10:1, and then pile it up after stirring, and seal it with plastic film for more than 2-3 days to form crop straw maturation material; (4) After the mature crop straw material is formed, it is selected by a rolling and selecting machine, and the particle size is 1-3mm, forming crop straw commercial granular organic fertilizer, which is then bagged and stacked for sale.

Claims

1. A method for preparing organic fertilizer by cracking, fermenting and boiling crop straw, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Rolling, puffing, crushing and breaking the crop straw: First, a single type of crop straw is selected, and the crop straw powder is obtained by sequentially performing the rolling system, drying system, puffing system, crushing system and screening system; (2) Compound fermentation and decomposition of crop straw powder: The crop straw powder is put into the fermentation stage to further decompose the crop straw puffed powder; the decomposition process uses a compound fermentation of yeast agent and mold agent, and the yeast agent and mold agent are mixed into the crop straw powder for fermentation and decomposition; (3) Condensation pyrolysis and composting of crop straw powder: After the crop straw powder undergoes compound fermentation and composting, it is processed in the maturation stage. The maturation process adopts the condensation pyrolysis process, that is, the puffed fermentation powder of the crop straw is quickly frozen at an extremely low temperature to undergo cell contraction destruction and maturation, and then subjected to high-temperature steaming and pyrolysis to cause cell expansion and tearing destruction, so that the crop straw components are decomposed and matured to form chemical substances that are easily absorbed by the soil and crop roots.

2. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by cracking, fermenting and boiling crop straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specific methods include: (1) Rolling, puffing, crushing and breaking the crop straw: Select single crop straw, and make crop straw powder through rolling system, drying system, puffing system, crushing system and screening system in sequence; (2) Compound fermentation and decomposition of crop straw powder: The crop straw powder is put into the fermentation stage to further decompose the crop straw puffed powder; the decomposition process uses a compound fermentation of yeast agent and mold agent, and the yeast agent and mold agent are mixed into the crop straw powder. The yeast agent and the mold agent are mixed with water and the crop straw powder and mixed evenly, and then the mixed crop straw puffed powder is piled up and covered and sealed with a plastic film, and the temperature is maintained between 20°C and 25°C for 5-7 days. After the fermentation is fully decomposed, the plastic film is uncovered to form the crop straw puffed fermented powder; (3) Condensation pyrolysis and maturation of crop straw powder: After the crop straw powder undergoes compound fermentation and decomposition, it is treated in the maturation stage. The maturation process adopts the condensation pyrolysis process method, which is to put the crop straw puffed fermentation powder into minus 60°C and freeze it quickly. After 6-8 hours, take it out and steam it at high temperature for 3-4 hours. After cooling, mix it with carbon and ammonia. The puffed fermentation powder of crop straw: carbon and ammonia are configured in a weight ratio of 10:1, stirred, and piled up. It is sealed with plastic film for more than 2-3 days to form crop straw maturation material. (4) After the mature crop straw material is formed, it is selected by a rolling and selecting machine, and the particle size is 1-3mm, forming crop straw commercial granular organic fertilizer, which is then bagged and stacked for sale.