Neural electrode device for three-dimensional electric signal acquisition and stimulation

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-dimensional electric signal acquisition and stimulation neural electrode device, which comprises a tissue culture component, a plane patch type electrode assembly, an invasive electrode assembly and an artificial intelligence (AI) control system, and is characterized in that the tissue culture component is used for culturing nervous tissues or organoids and supporting electrodes to measure and stimulate electric signals; the plane patch type electrode assembly carries out local field potential collection and surface electrical stimulation, and the intrusive electrode assembly is inserted into nervous tissue or an organ-like body to carry out collection and stimulation of deep three-dimensional action electric signals. And the artificial intelligence (AI) control system is used for receiving pose information of the plane patch type electrode assembly and the intrusive type electrode assembly and the collected electric signals in real time, analyzing and judging the pose information and the collected electric signals, and then feeding back and regulating the position postures of the plane patch type electrode assembly and the intrusive type electrode assembly. The device provided by the invention realizes long-term comprehensive acquisition and recording of tissue electric signals in a three-dimensional space through the composite neural electrode device and artificial intelligence feedback control of the poses of the electrodes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of in vitro three-dimensional electrical signal acquisition and stimulation accompanied by tissue growth by AI-controlled electrodes, and specifically relates to a neural electrode device accompanied by the growth of neural tissue / organoids and controlled by AI for three-dimensional electrical signal acquisition and stimulation. Background Art

[0002] Brain science is a frontier field that explores the structure and function of the human brain. It involves an in-depth understanding of how the brain receives, processes, and transmits information. In this field, electrical signal acquisition and recording play a vital role because it allows scientists to directly monitor the electrical activity of neurons, thereby revealing the working mechanism of the brain. With the development of technology, in vitro electrophysiological models have become an important tool for studying the electrophysiological activities of neural tissues and brain organoids due to their excellent controllability and the high physiological relevance of human cells. Under in vitro conditions, through precise electrical signal acquisition or stimulation, scientists can simulate and control electrophysiological activities in the brain, study how the brain processes information, generates consciousness, and responds to various stimuli, as well as study neurological diseases, mental illnesses, etc. Therefore, in vitro neural electrode models play an increasingly important role in neuroscience research and provide powerful experimental tools for understanding brain function and disease mechanisms.

[0003] Although in vitro neural electrode models play an increasingly important role in neuroscience research, existing in vitro models only use a single type of electrode, such as microwire electrodes or planar electrodes, and can only collect and stimulate signals on the surface or a single area inside the tissue. This method has obvious limitations in electrical signal acquisition and stimulation. It cannot simultaneously record electrical signals within the three-dimensional range of the surface field potential and internal action potential of the tissue, and cannot fully capture the complex three-dimensional electrical activity of brain tissue for analysis and research. It can only provide local electrophysiological information. In addition, these electrodes usually lack long-term stability and adaptability, cannot accompany the growth and changes of neural tissue or organoids, and cannot provide long-term, continuous and stable monitoring data, so the experimental results can only reflect short-term neural activity. This limitation means that existing in vitro models cannot fully simulate the long-term dynamic changes of the brain, limiting research on neurodevelopment, chronic disease progression and long-term drug treatment effects.

[0004] Therefore, constructing a composite electrical signal device that can simultaneously collect tissue surface field potentials and internal action potentials, has good adaptability to tissue morphology, can accompany tissue growth for a long time to adapt to tissue changes, achieve three-dimensional multi-level, long-term and stable recording of neural activity, and provide real-time monitoring and stimulation is a key requirement for the development of in vitro neural electrode models. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a neural electrode device that accompanies the growth of neural tissue / organoids and is AI-controlled for three-dimensional electrical signal acquisition and stimulation. It achieves long-term and comprehensive acquisition and recording of tissue electrical signals in three-dimensional space through a composite neural electrode device and the use of artificial intelligence feedback to control the position of the electrode.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above problems is:

[0007] The present invention proposes a neural electrode device for three-dimensional electrical signal collection and stimulation, which is special in that:

[0008] It includes tissue culture components, planar patch electrode assemblies, invasive electrode assemblies and artificial intelligence (AI) control systems.

[0009] The tissue culture component is used to culture neural tissue or organoids and support electrodes for electrical signal measurement and stimulation. The planar patch electrode assembly is used to contact the surface of neural tissue or organoids to collect local field potential and surface electrical stimulation. The invasive electrode assembly is used to be inserted into the interior of neural tissue or organoids to collect and stimulate deep three-dimensional electrical signals. The artificial intelligence (AI) control system is used to collect and process signals from the planar patch electrode assembly and the invasive electrode assembly in real time, and to control the operation of the planar patch electrode assembly and the invasive electrode assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the tissue culture component includes a support base, a culture container wall and a cover; the culture container wall is arranged on the support base, and the cover is arranged on the top of the culture container wall. The planar patch electrode assembly is laid on the support base; the invasive electrode assembly is installed on the cover. The support base, the culture container wall and the cover should be made of materials with good biocompatibility such as polydimethylsiloxane, bioglass, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, titanium alloy, etc.

[0011] Furthermore, the planar patch electrode assembly includes a deformable sensing channel, an electrical signal shunt processing terminal, a first output interface and a posture control unit.

[0012] The deformable sensing channel is an independent multi-channel double-layer structure, the upper layer is a conductive layer, which is provided with conductive sites for signal collection, and the rest of the surface is covered with an insulating layer. The conductive layer can be made of metal materials or conductive hydrogel materials, including but not limited to silver, gold, copper, PEDOT:PSS, polyacrylamide / carbon nanotube hydrogel; the lower layer is a controlled driving layer, which is composed of electrically controlled deformable materials including but not limited to carbon fiber composites, conductive polymers, electro-shaped memory polymers, etc., and a patterned modular design is adopted to electrically control the expansion and deformation of the material, so that the planar electrode can be locally bent or overall three-dimensionally deformed.

[0013] A micro-opening is left on one side of the culture container wall to allow the independent sensing channel of the patch electrode to be led out. Furthermore, the electrical signal shunting processing end shunts the signal sensing circuit and the deformation control circuit, the signal sensing circuit connects the conductive layer in the deformable sensing channel and transmits the collected signal to the first output interface through the electrical signal shunting processing end, and the first output interface can be connected to an external collection device to display an electrical signal image.

[0014] The posture control unit includes a plurality of three-way moving mechanisms, which independently control each deformable sensing channel to move in three dimensions; a plurality of deformation control circuits can independently and segmentally control the deformation of each controlled driving layer by applying voltage.

[0015] Furthermore, the invasive electrode assembly includes a deformable sensing microwire, a sensing circuit, a second output interface and a position control unit; the deformable sensing microwire is a microwire array with different height gradients, a single microwire includes a sensing core, a conductive site is provided at its end for signal collection, and the rest is wrapped with an insulating layer, and the material can be selected from gold, platinum, iridium, nickel-chromium alloy, platinum-iridium alloy, and carbon-based materials; the outside of the sensing core is surrounded by multiple groups of deformation-driven microwires, and the deformation-driven microwires can drive the entire sensing microwire to flexibly bend and deform. The deformation-driven microwires can be selected from electrically or thermally controlled two-way shape memory metals or polymer materials and electrically controllable conductive polymers such as polypyrrole, and an insulating layer is provided on the outside of the deformation-driven microwire.

[0016] Furthermore, the sensing circuit includes a signal acquisition circuit and a deformation control circuit respectively connected to the sensing core and the deformation driving microwire, the signal acquisition circuit is connected to the second output interface, the second output interface can be connected to an external acquisition device to display an electrical signal image, and the deformation control circuit controls the deformation driving microwire to perform three-dimensional bending deformation by outputting voltage or changing temperature. The position control unit includes a longitudinal telescopic mechanism and a plane moving mechanism, which can independently control the three-dimensional movement of each deformable sensing microwire.

[0017] Furthermore, the artificial intelligence (AI) control system includes a real-time monitoring unit, a learning processing unit and a decision control unit.

[0018] Furthermore, the real-time monitoring unit is connected to the first output interface and the second output interface; the real-time monitoring unit includes multiple groups of cameras and motion sensors, which are used to monitor the morphology and size image information during the growth of neural tissue or organoids, as well as the position and morphology of the electrode assembly, and collect the electrical signal image data recorded in real time at each site of the planar patch electrode assembly and the invasive electrode assembly, and then transmit the information to the learning processing unit.

[0019] Furthermore, the learning processing unit is used to receive and process tissue / organoid image data, electrode position and morphology information, and electrical signal image data collected from the real-time monitoring unit. The learning processing unit pre-learns and trains the information and images, analyzes the size and morphology changes of the collected tissue / organoid, compares the changes in the tissue / organoid and the position differences of the two electrodes, and identifies and selects good electrical signal acquisition images, and then transmits the corresponding screening and change information to the decision control unit.

[0020] Furthermore, the decision control unit connects the posture control unit, the deformation control circuit and the position control unit through lines, and makes corresponding real-time control strategies based on the information provided by the learning processing unit, including fine-tuning the position and posture of the electrode, so that the electrode can track and adapt to the growth changes of the tissue, ensuring that high-quality electrical signals can be continuously obtained or precise electrical stimulation can be given while the tissue is constantly growing and changing.

[0021] Advantages of the present invention:

[0022] 1) The device provided by the present invention can realize the synchronous acquisition of surface field potential and internal action potential of isolated neural tissue or organoid, which improves the breadth and range of signal acquisition, thereby enabling a deeper understanding of brain function and electrophysiological signal characterization;

[0023] 2) The device provided by the present invention greatly enhances the adaptability of neural electrodes and the stability of signal acquisition, and can be dynamically adjusted as neural tissue or organoids grow, ensuring long-term stable electrical signal monitoring and stimulation, which is particularly important for studying neural development and chronic disease progression;

[0024] 3) The device provided by the present invention can automatically optimize the position and posture of the electrodes through real-time monitoring and intelligent decision-making of the AI ​​control system, reducing manual intervention. The introduction of AI not only improves the speed of data processing, but also enhances the ability to analyze and screen complex neural activities, providing more accurate and excellent electrophysiological signal acquisition capabilities;

[0025] 4) The device provided by the present invention provides a new tool for neuroscience research, providing more accurate and comprehensive electrophysiological signal acquisition and stimulation, and is expected to promote technological progress in the field of in vitro electrophysiological acquisition, analysis and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 An external schematic diagram of the device provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a planar patch-type electrode assembly of the device provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3A schematic diagram of an invasive electrode assembly of the device provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagrams of the deformable sensing channel of the device provided by the invention from the front and bottom;

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the deformable sensing channel of the device provided for the invention deforming and wrapping the organoid;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of deformation of a deformable sensing microwire of the device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the artificial intelligence control feedback flow of the device provided by the present invention.

[0033] in:

[0034] 1. tissue culture component; 101. support bottom plate; 102. culture container wall; 103. cover;

[0035] 2. Planar patch electrode assembly; 201. Deformable sensing channel; 202. Electrical signal shunting processing end; 203. Output interface; 205. Conductive layer; 206. Controlled driving layer; 207. Signal sensing circuit; 208. Three-way moving mechanism; 209. Deformation control circuit;

[0036] 3. Invasive electrode assembly; 301. Deformable sensing microwire; 303. Output interface; 305. Sensing core; 306. Deformation driving microwire; 307. Signal acquisition circuit; 308 Deformation control circuit; 309. Longitudinal telescopic mechanism; 310. Planar moving mechanism;

[0037] 4. Artificial intelligence control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Referring to 1-3, the present invention provides a neural electrode device for three-dimensional electrical signal acquisition and stimulation accompanied by neural tissue / organoid growth and AI control, comprising a tissue culture component 1, a planar patch electrode assembly 2, an invasive electrode assembly 3, and an artificial intelligence control system 4.

[0040] Specifically, see Figure 1 The tissue culture component 1 is the basic component and supporting structure of the device, and specifically includes a supporting bottom plate 102, a culture container wall 103, and a cover 101. The culture container wall 103 is arranged on the supporting bottom plate 102, and the cover 101 is arranged on the top of the culture container wall 103. Figure 3 An invasive electrode assembly 3 is installed under the cover 101.

[0041] See also Figure 2 The support base plate 102 is provided with a planar patch electrode assembly 2 and an artificial intelligence control system 4, and the artificial intelligence control system 4 is an artificial intelligence (AI) control system.

[0042] Specifically, see Figure 2 The planar patch electrode assembly 2 includes ten groups of deformable sensing channels 201, and the ten groups of deformable sensing channels 201 are laid horizontally on the three-way moving mechanism 208. Figure 4 The deformable sensing channel 201 includes a two-layer structure: the upper layer is a conductive layer 205, and the lower layer is a controlled driving layer 206. The conductive layer is provided with conductive sites for collecting electrical signals of neural tissue / organoids, and the positions and numbers of the sites are arranged as required. Figure 2 , the conductive lines drawn out from each site converge into a signal sensing circuit 207 at the tail end of the deformation sensing channel 201, the controlled driving layer 206 is composed of independent pattern modules, and a deformation control circuit 209 is provided on one side thereof for applying voltage to control the extension and contraction deformation of each pattern module in the controlled driving layer 206 in sections, and the deformation control circuit 209 is also converged at the tail end of the deformation sensing channel 201 and connected to the electrical signal shunting processing end 202 together with the signal sensing circuit 207. After shunting processing, the tissue electrical signals of each site are respectively transmitted to the first output interface 203 and the artificial intelligence control system 4 through wires, and at the same time, the artificial intelligence control system 4 is also connected to the shunted deformation control circuit 209 and the three-way moving mechanism 208 through wires.

[0043] See also Figure 3The invasive electrode assembly 3 is installed on the cover in the form of an array. In this example, there are 25 independent microwire arrays in 5 rows and columns. Each microwire unit includes a planar moving mechanism 310 directly connected to the cover 101 and fixed and controlled by a magnetic field. A longitudinal telescopic mechanism 309 is connected below it, and the end is a deformable sensing microwire 301. The deformable sensing microwire 301 includes a sensing core 305, and a conductive site is left at its end to collect electrical signals of neural tissue / organoids. There are multiple groups of deformation driving microwires 306 around its outer side, which are electrically controlled to make them stretch and deform to drive the entire sensing microwire to deform accordingly. The collected neural electrical information is connected to the conductive site to the second output interface 303 and the artificial intelligence control system 4 through the signal acquisition circuit 307. The position movement control and posture control of the microwire array are connected to the corresponding actuator and the artificial intelligence control system 4 through wires.

[0044] See also Figure 5 After the organoids are cultured in the device, their volume and shape will continue to change as the organoids differentiate and grow. The deformable sensing channel 201 in the present invention will continuously adjust its posture under the control of the artificial intelligence control system 4 to adapt to its changes in real time, and continuously collect stable field electric signals by fitting and wrapping.

[0045] See also Figure 6 After the organoids are cultured in the device, the planar electrodes are wrapped and applied and the deformable sensing microwire 301 array is adjusted and inserted into the organoids. As the organoids grow and change, the deformable sensing microwire 301 array in the present invention continuously adjusts its position under the control of the artificial intelligence control system 4 to adapt to the changes of the organoids. At the same time, in order to record high-quality neural action electrical signals, the microwire posture will also be changed to approach the vicinity of the nerve cell group.

[0046] See also Figure 7The artificial intelligence control system 4 mainly includes a real-time monitoring unit, a learning processing unit and a decision control unit. The real-time monitoring unit is responsible for collecting the position, posture information and recorded electrical signal information of the two electrodes in the neural electrode device and the growth changes of the neural tissue / organoid in real time, and then transmitting the collected electrode posture information and electrical signal information to the learning processing unit. The learning processing unit is pre-trained with the knowledge and images of neural tissue and organoid growth and the training and learning of neural electrical signal acquisition images. After receiving the information from the real-time monitoring unit, it will compare the posture changes of the tissue, and then compare the position of the electrode and the tissue, and finally judge the good situation of the electrical signal, and then transmit the change results and judgments to the decision control unit. The decision control unit dynamically adjusts the position and posture of the planar electrode and the invasive electrode according to the results and judgments to adapt to the growth changes of the neural tissue / organoid in the long term, and track and record high-quality neural electrical signals. The decision control unit can manually preset in advance and manually adjust the posture of the two electrodes during the culture process as needed.

[0047] The real-time monitoring unit includes multiple sets of cameras and motion sensors, which are used to monitor the morphology and size image information of neural tissue or organoid during growth, as well as the position and morphology of the electrode assembly, and collect the electrical signal image data recorded in real time at each site of the planar patch electrode assembly 2 and the invasive electrode assembly 3, and then transmit the information to the learning processing unit. The multiple sets of cameras are installed on the four walls of the culture container wall 103 to observe the morphology of tissue / organoid in all directions and transmit it to the artificial intelligence control system 4. Microholes are left on the lower side of the culture container wall 103 to lead out the circuit line, which needs to be sealed after the lead-out is completed.

[0048] The neural electrode device provided by the present invention is accompanied by the growth of neural tissue / organoids, AI-controlled three-dimensional electrical signal collection and stimulation. The experimenter needs to culture the neural tissue / organoid in a suitable position of the deformable sensing channel 201, add culture fluid, and then cover the cover 101 to ensure that the deformable sensing microwire 301 is inserted into the tissue, and then turn on the artificial intelligence control system 4 device to start working. The deformable sensing channel 201 will be automatically adjusted to fit the tissue, and the deformable sensing microwire 301 will also be adjusted to the vicinity of the required position according to the preset setting. Then the electrode continues to collect and record the surface field potential and internal action potential, and the experimenter can connect the external device to the corresponding output interface to observe the electrical signal. During the long-term recording process, the artificial intelligence control system 4 collects information in real time, and continuously and accurately adjusts the position and posture of the planar electrode and the invasive electrode according to the changes in the growth of the neural tissue / organoid to continuously obtain excellent neural electrical signals.

[0049] The process method and device proposed in the present invention are specifically applied by taking an in vitro cell model of Alzheimer's disease as a construction target.

[0050] Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive impairment. The cells selected for this model are: human neuroblastoma cell SH-SY5Y cell line, human neuroblastoma cell BE(2)-M17 cell line, and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) for culture. The pathological characteristics of AD are simulated by applying external reagents or serum exposure to cause neurotoxic damage, oxidative stress damage, and Tau protein hyperphosphorylation. The corresponding stimulation method selection and the resulting case characteristics can be determined by the experimenter in advance by culturing tissues and pre-experiments.

[0051] When using the device, first, the selected cell tissue is cultured in the center of the deformable sensing channel 201, then the culture fluid is added and the cover 103 is covered to ensure that the deformable sensing microwire 301 is inserted into the tissue, and then the artificial intelligence control system 4 device is turned on to start working, and the deformable sensing channel 201 will be automatically adjusted to fit the tissue, and the deformable sensing microwire 301 will also be adjusted to the vicinity of the required position according to the preset. After a period of culture and electrical signal recording, the required external stimulation is applied, such as adding one or more of Aβ, glutamate, formaldehyde, glyceraldehyde, silica nanoparticles, H2O2, advanced glycation end products, okadaic acid, etc. at appropriate concentrations, and serum exposure to simulate the pathological characteristics of AD. During this process, the electrodes continuously collect and record the surface field potential and internal action potential of the tissue. The experimenter can connect the external device to the corresponding output interface to observe the electrical signal and analyze the changes in the electrophysiological characteristics caused by the pathological conditions of AD. At the same time, local or overall electrical stimulation can also be selected. According to the needs of the experimenter, in addition to AI automatic adjustment during long-term recording, the experimenter can also actively set parameters to adjust the electrode posture to focus on acquiring signals in the area of ​​interest. At the same time, drugs can also be applied to study the effects of drugs on the electrophysiological activities of AD and obtain treatment conditions for AD.

[0052] By analyzing electrical signal data, researchers can reveal the specific representation of AD pathological features such as neurotransmitter dysfunction, neuronal loss and synaptic dysfunction, and abnormal neural electrical signal activity (including changes in neuronal discharge patterns, changes in discharge frequency and synchronization, etc.) in electrical signal information, providing important information for understanding and observing disease mechanisms. At the same time, the device can also actively apply multi-modal three-dimensional electrical stimulation to study the effects of controllable electrical stimulation on AD symptoms and treatment outcomes, such as reducing pathological protein deposition, neurogenesis, and recovery of neural electrophysiological activity. In addition, the device can also be used for drug screening, by applying drugs to observe their effects on the electrophysiological activity of AD tissues, and judging the efficacy of drugs acting on neural tissues.

[0053] In summary, this device provides a multifunctional long-term platform for in vitro cell model research of Alzheimer's disease, which can not only deeply analyze the electrophysiological characteristics and pathological mechanisms of AD, but also evaluate the potential effects of electrical stimulation and drugs on AD treatment, providing a powerful tool for developing new treatment strategies. The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related system fields, is also included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A neural electrode device for three-dimensional electrical signal acquisition and stimulation, characterized in that: It comprises a tissue culture component (1), a planar patch electrode assembly (2), an invasive electrode assembly (3) and an artificial intelligence control system (4); The tissue culture component (1) is used to culture neural tissue or organoids and support electrodes for electrical signal measurement and stimulation; the planar patch electrode assembly (2) is used to contact the surface of neural tissue or organoids to collect local field potential and conduct surface electrical stimulation; the invasive electrode assembly (3) is used to be inserted into the interior of neural tissue or organoids to collect and stimulate deep three-dimensional electrical signals; and the artificial intelligence control system (4) is used to collect and process signals from the planar patch electrode assembly (2) and the invasive electrode assembly (3) in real time, and to control the operation of the planar patch electrode assembly (2) and the invasive electrode assembly (3).

2. A neural electrode device for three-dimensional electrical signal collection and stimulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tissue culture component (1) comprises a supporting bottom plate (102), a culture container wall (103) and a cover (101); the culture container wall (103) is arranged on the supporting bottom plate (102), and the cover (101) is arranged on the top of the culture container wall (103); The planar patch-type electrode assembly (2) is laid on a supporting base plate (102); and the intrusive electrode assembly (3) is installed on a cover (101).

3. A neural electrode device for three-dimensional electrical signal acquisition and stimulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The planar patch-type electrode assembly (2) comprises a deformable sensing channel (201), an electrical signal shunting processing end (202), a first output interface (203) and a posture control unit; The deformable sensing channel (201) is an independent multi-channel double-layer structure, the upper layer is a conductive layer (205), which is provided with conductive sites for signal collection, and the rest of the surface is covered with an insulating layer; the lower layer is a controlled driving layer (206), which is made of electrically controlled deformable material, and adopts a patterned modular design to expand and deform the material through electrical control, so that the planar electrode can be locally bent or deformed in three dimensions as a whole.

4. A neural electrode device for three-dimensional electrical signal acquisition and stimulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electrical signal shunting processing end (202) shunts a signal sensing circuit (207) and a deformation control circuit (209); the signal sensing circuit (207) is connected to a conductive layer (205) in the deformable sensing channel (201) and transmits the collected signal to a first output interface (203) via the electrical signal shunting processing end (202); the first output interface (203) can be connected to an external collection device to display an electrical signal image; The posture control unit comprises a plurality of three-way moving mechanisms (208) for independently controlling each deformable sensing channel (201) to move in three dimensions; and a plurality of deformation control circuits (209) for independently and segmentally controlling the deformation of each controlled driving layer (206) by applying voltage.

5. A neural electrode device for three-dimensional electrical signal collection and stimulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The invasive electrode assembly (3) comprises a deformable sensing microwire (301), a sensing circuit, a second output interface (303) and a position control unit; The deformable sensing microwire (301) is a microwire array with different height gradients, wherein a single microwire comprises a sensing core (305), the end of which is provided with a conductive site for signal collection, and the rest of the microwire is wrapped with an insulating layer; the sensing core (305) is surrounded by a plurality of groups of deformation driving microwires (306), the deformation driving microwires (306) drive the entire sensing microwire to bend and deform, and the deformation driving microwire (306) is provided with an insulating layer on the outside.

6. A neural electrode device for three-dimensional electrical signal collection and stimulation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sensing circuit comprises a signal acquisition circuit (307) and a deformation control circuit (308) connected to the sensing core (305) and the deformation driving microwire (306) respectively; the signal acquisition circuit (307) is connected to a second output interface (303); the second output interface (303) can be connected to an external acquisition device to display an electrical signal image; the deformation control circuit (308) controls the deformation driving microwire (306) to perform three-dimensional bending deformation by outputting voltage or changing temperature; The position control unit comprises a longitudinal telescopic mechanism (309) and a planar movement mechanism (310), and can independently control the three-dimensional movement of each deformable sensing microwire (301).

7. A neural electrode device for three-dimensional electrical signal collection and stimulation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The artificial intelligence control system (4) comprises a real-time monitoring unit, a learning processing unit and a decision control unit.

8. The neural electrode device for three-dimensional electrical signal collection and stimulation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The real-time monitoring unit is connected to the first output interface (203) and the second output interface (303); the real-time monitoring unit includes multiple groups of cameras and motion sensors, which are used to monitor the morphology and size image information of the neural tissue or organoid during growth, as well as the position and morphology of the electrode assembly, and collect the electrical signal image data recorded in real time at each site of the planar patch electrode assembly (2) and the invasive electrode assembly (3), and then transmit the information to the learning processing unit.

9. A neural electrode device for three-dimensional electrical signal acquisition and stimulation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The learning processing unit is used to receive and process tissue / organoid image data, electrode position and morphology information, and electrical signal image data collected from the real-time monitoring unit. The learning processing unit pre-learns and trains the information and images, analyzes the size and morphology changes of the collected tissue / organoid, compares the changes in the tissue / organoid and the position differences of the two electrodes, and identifies and selects good electrical signal acquisition images, and then transmits the corresponding screening and change information to the decision control unit.

10. The neural electrode device for three-dimensional electrical signal collection and stimulation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The decision control unit connects the posture control unit and the deformation control circuit (308) and the position control unit through lines, and makes corresponding real-time control strategies based on the information provided by the learning processing unit.

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