Device for enhancing mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-doped natural gas

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas pipeline transportation, and provides a system for enhancing mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-doped natural gas. Comprising a hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline, a hydrogen concentration sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a turbulator, a flange, a high-pressure pipeline sealing ring, a self-adaptive controller, a data server, a remote data terminal, a mechanical automatic clutch type angle regulator, a flange type one-way valve and a sensor mounting hole. The method is suitable for the working condition that the hydrogen doping ratio does not exceed 30% in the gas transportation process; by adding a variable-angle injection device structure design, an intelligent control system design, a mixed optimization scheme design and a sealing and safety design on a traditional natural gas conveying pipeline, the design method mainly solves the problems of non-uniform components of hydrogen-doped gas, unstable flow, potential safety hazards, hydrogen embrittlement prevention and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen-blended pipeline transportation, and in particular to a device for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas. Background Art

[0002] Adding a certain proportion of hydrogen to the natural gas pipeline can not only improve the efficiency of energy utilization, but also reduce carbon emissions, which meets the requirements of sustainable development. However, the transportation of hydrogen-blended natural gas faces many technical challenges, among which mixing uniformity and stability are key issues. In traditional natural gas pipeline transportation, the flow field inside the pipeline is relatively stable and the gas composition is uniform. However, when hydrogen is added to natural gas, the flow field inside the pipeline will change significantly due to the large difference in the physical properties of hydrogen and natural gas, such as density, viscosity and diffusion coefficient. Hydrogen may be concentrated in local areas to form hydrogen-enriched areas, which will not only lead to uneven gas composition, but also may cause safety problems such as hydrogen-induced cracking of pipelines. In addition, the flow stability of the gas after hydrogen blending will also be affected, and turbulence intensity may exceed the standard, pressure fluctuations, etc. may occur, further increasing the risk of transportation. In summary, the existing technology still has deficiencies in the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas, and cannot meet the strict requirements for safety and efficiency in actual engineering applications. Therefore, a new technical solution is urgently needed that can achieve rapid and uniform mixing of hydrogen-blended natural gas under different operating conditions, while ensuring the stability and safety of the transportation process, and providing reliable technical support for future natural gas-hydrogen mixed transportation scenarios.

[0003] References:

[0004] Application number CN118049603A, this invention provides a natural gas hydrogen mixed transportation system. Compared with the present invention, it has no sensor and cannot dynamically monitor the hydrogen situation in real time. In addition, this system has a simple structure, a single air inlet, and no monitoring means to cope with sudden hydrogen concentrations.

[0005] Application No. CN118925529A, a natural gas hydrogen-blended static mixer, relates to a natural gas hydrogen-blended static mixer. In this invention, the hydrogen inlet pipe is in an "L" shape and extends into the natural gas inlet pipe, with six hydrogen nozzles evenly distributed at the end. The hydrogen nozzles form an angle of 45 degrees with the side wall of the natural gas inlet pipe. Compared with the present invention, it does not directly adjust the angle of the hydrogen nozzles dynamically through pressure, flow rate, and concentration.

[0006] Application number CN202322820571.7, this utility model provides a natural gas hydrogen blending device, which allows hydrogen to be injected into the natural gas along a conical surface through the flow guidance of the regulating core. In actual application, the regulating core is complicated to install and has little practical reference value for long-distance pipeline transportation. Moreover, for hydrogen, a more dangerous transport substance, there is no corresponding pipeline pressurization and sealing device, and no corresponding monitoring and leakage suspension technical means to support it.

[0007] Application number CN118346920A, this invention provides a control method, device and storage medium for a natural gas-hydrogen mixing system. When the ratio of the natural gas volume concentration to the hydrogen volume concentration in the mixing device does not reach the target set value, the gas source pressure of the hydrogen circuit is detected, and when the gas source pressure of the hydrogen circuit is in the corresponding preset pressure range, the hydrogen flow of the hydrogen circuit is obtained, and then the hydrogen flow is adjusted according to the flow range in which the hydrogen flow is located, so that the ratio of the natural gas volume concentration to the hydrogen volume concentration in the mixing device reaches the target set value. Compared with this invention, it cannot dynamically adjust the angle of the hydrogen pipeline.

[0008] CN117861470A, this invention discloses a multi-stage blending device for blending hydrogen into natural gas, wherein hydrogen contacts the natural gas in the mixer shell through an inlet pipe for first-stage blending, the mixed gas after preliminary mixing passes through a semi-elliptical plate guide device arranged upstream of the mixer for second-stage blending, the third-stage blending is achieved by arranging an internally threaded grooved pipe at the outlet of the semi-elliptical plate guide device, and the fourth-stage blending is achieved by arranging a porous cylinder and a wire mesh structure at the outlet of the internally threaded grooved pipe. Compared with the present invention, the blending structure is too complicated, and a lot of manpower and material resources are consumed in actual operation, and this device cannot monitor the hydrogen concentration in real time. Summary of the invention

[0009] According to the technical problems mentioned in the above background technology, a device for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-doped natural gas is provided. The present invention is used in the working condition where the hydrogen-doped ratio does not exceed 30% during gas transportation. After hydrogen is injected into the natural gas pipeline, the flow field inside the pipeline will change greatly, and hydrogen may be locally concentrated, which is an important reason for hydrogen-induced cracking of the pipeline. The present design method adds variable angle injection device structure design, intelligent control system design, mixing optimization scheme design and sealing and safety design to the traditional natural gas pipeline. The design method focuses on solving the problems of uneven gas components after hydrogen doping, unstable flow, safety hazards and prevention of hydrogen embrittlement.

[0010] The specific scheme of the present invention is:

[0011] A system for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas, comprising:

[0012] Hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline, hydrogen concentration sensor, pressure sensor, flow sensor, turbulator, flange, high-pressure pipeline sealing ring, adaptive controller, data server, remote data terminal, mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster, flange type one-way valve and sensor mounting hole;

[0013] The flange-type one-way valve is arranged at the inlet of the hydrogen pipeline and connected to the flange, and is used to allow hydrogen to enter the natural gas pipeline in one direction; the hydrogen concentration sensor is installed in the closed chamber of the hydrogen-mixed natural gas pipeline through the hydrogen concentration sensor installation hole and is sealed with a sealant; the pressure sensor gas concentration sensor installation hole is installed in the closed chamber of the hydrogen-mixed natural gas pipeline and is sealed with a sealant; the flow rate sensor gas concentration sensor installation hole is installed in the closed chamber of the hydrogen-mixed natural gas pipeline and is sealed with a sealant; the turbulator is installed in the mixing section to reduce the distance of uniform mixing of natural gas and hydrogen; the flange is installed at the port for fixing and connecting with other pipelines; the high-pressure pipeline sealing ring is installed at the connection between the pipeline and the pipeline for sealing; the adaptive controller obtains the hydrogen concentration sensor, pressure sensor and flow sensor through the reading and writing device by connecting with the hydrogen concentration sensor, pressure sensor and flow sensor, and transmits the data to the remote data terminal; the remote data terminal receives the information of the sensor for real-time monitoring and adjusts the angle of the mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster through the data.

[0014] Furthermore, the hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline has an eccentric distance d, d≥0; the angle of the hydrogen pipeline is adjusted by a mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster, and the angle between the hydrogen pipeline and the natural gas pipeline in the longitudinal section is β, β≥0; the angle between the hydrogen pipeline and the natural gas pipeline in the cross section is α, α≥0.

[0015] Furthermore, the pressure sensor monitors the pressure condition in the pipeline according to the data of the remote data terminal; the flow sensor monitors the flow condition in the pipeline according to the data of the remote data terminal.

[0016] Furthermore, the turbulator changes the flow pattern of the fluid, increases the turbulence of the fluid and promotes fluid mixing, thereby shortening the distance for uniform mixing of hydrogen and natural gas in the pipeline.

[0017] Furthermore, the hydrogen concentration sensor monitors the concentration in the pipeline.

[0018] Furthermore, the remote data terminal realizes remote monitoring and control of the hydrogen pipeline system and can adjust the angle of the hydrogen pipeline through a mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster according to the pressure, flow and hydrogen concentration data.

[0019] Furthermore, the angle range of the mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster is 0-90°.

[0020] Furthermore, the adaptive controller is used to adjust parameters between the pressure sensor, the flow sensor and the hydrogen concentration controller to maintain system stability.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] The design method for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas provided by the present invention realizes rapid and uniform mixing of hydrogen-blended natural gas under different working conditions by dynamically adjusting the injection angle, monitors the mixing of hydrogen and natural gas in the pipeline in real time through the hydrogen concentration sensor, pressure sensor and flow rate sensor in the intelligent control system, and adjusts the cross-sectional injection angle α, longitudinal section injection angle β and eccentricity d of the hydrogen pipeline according to the sensor feedback data through a mechanical automatic clutch angle regulator to optimize the mixing efficiency, and through the dynamic optimization of the angle in the mixing optimization design, when the flow rate is low, the injection angle is large to quickly form turbulence to promote mixing, and when the flow rate is high, the injection angle is small to reduce interference to maintain flow stability. Through a high-pressure sealing device, it is ensured that there is no hydrogen leakage when adjusting at different angles, and a one-way valve is set at the injection port to prevent the main fuel gas from flowing back to the hydrogen injection system, ensuring the safety of the equipment and preventing backflow.

[0023] The present invention optimizes the hydrogen injection method and pipeline structure, reduces the pressure loss and turbulence-induced energy consumption during gas mixing, significantly improves the uniformity of hydrogen-blended natural gas mixing and the stability of flow, reduces the risk of stratification during hydrogen blending, adapts to the transportation requirements of different hydrogen blending ratios (such as 20%, 30% or even higher), and supports future natural gas-hydrogen mixed transportation scenarios. The above method provides a quantitative basis for the angle design of hydrogen injection into the main gas pipeline, ensuring its safety and efficiency in actual engineering applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view I of the hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is the cross-sectional view II of the hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline; 2. Hydrogen concentration sensor; 3. Pressure sensor; 4. Flow sensor; 5. Turbulator; 6. Flange; 7. High-pressure pipeline sealing ring; 8. Adaptive controller; 9. Data server; 10. Remote data terminal; 11. Mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster; 12. Flange-type one-way valve; 13. Sensor mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0031] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a design method for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas, including a hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline 1, a hydrogen concentration sensor 2, a pressure sensor 3, a flow sensor 4, a turbulator 5, a flange 6, a high-pressure pipeline sealing ring 7, an adaptive controller 8, a data server 9, a remote data terminal 10, a mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster 11, a flange type one-way valve 12, and a sensor mounting hole 13.

[0032] The design method transmits hydrogen concentration sensor 2, pressure sensor 3 and flow sensor 4 in the intelligent control system through flange check valve 12 during hydrogen injection to monitor the mixing of hydrogen and natural gas in the pipeline, detect uneven components or excessive turbulence intensity in the pipeline, and provide data support. Through pressure sensor 2, flow sensor 3 and hydrogen concentration sensor 4 and adaptive controller 8, the mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster 11 is acted on, and the angle range is 0-90. The injection direction can be dynamically adjusted with the flow direction of the main gas pipeline. By dynamically adjusting the cross-sectional injection angle α, the longitudinal section injection angle β and the eccentricity d, the rapid and uniform mixing of hydrogen-blended natural gas under different working conditions is achieved to optimize the mixing efficiency. The system supports setting the target concentration uniformity threshold and automatically adjusts the injection angle to the optimal range. During transportation, the hydrogen concentration sensor 2, pressure sensor 3 and flow sensor 4 in the intelligent control system monitor the mixing of hydrogen and natural gas in the pipeline in real time. According to the sensor feedback data, the hydrogen pipeline angle is adjusted by the controller, thereby optimizing the mixing efficiency and transportation stability. The turbulator 5 is installed in the mixing section, which greatly shortens the distance for the uniform mixing of hydrogen and natural gas in the pipeline. The high-pressure sealing device 7 is used at the pipeline port to ensure that there is no hydrogen leakage when adjusting at different angles. The design method significantly improves the mixing uniformity of hydrogen and main fuel gas by quantitatively designing the injection angle, reduces the energy consumption caused by turbulence and the pressure fluctuation in the pipeline, improves the transportation safety of hydrogen-blended natural gas, and meets the dynamic operation requirements under different hydrogen blending ratios. At the same time, it also provides a quantitative basis for the angle design of hydrogen injection into the main fuel gas pipeline, ensuring its safety and efficiency in actual engineering applications. It has important practical significance for the safety performance guarantee of the pipeline transportation system, thereby promoting the positive development of hydrogen-blended pipeline transportation methods.

[0033] The main pipeline of the hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline is 10m long, the diameter ratio of the hydrogen pipeline to the main pipeline is 1:4, the hydrogen has a certain eccentric distance d, and the cross-sectional injection angle α, the longitudinal section injection angle β and the eccentric distance d angle of the natural gas pipeline can be adjusted by a mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster.

[0034] The flange check valve is installed at the inlet of the hydrogen pipeline and connected to the flange to ensure the one-way flow of hydrogen.

[0035] When the hydrogen-blended natural gas is transported to the mixing section, the turbulator changes the flow pattern of the hydrogen-blended natural gas, increases the turbulence of the fluid and promotes fluid mixing.

[0036] The pressure sensor is installed in the closed chamber of the hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline through the pressure sensor mounting hole and sealed with sealant to monitor the pressure conditions in the pipeline and transmit the data to the data server. When the pressure is high, low-angle parallel injection is used to avoid pressure fluctuations. When the pressure is low, high-angle oblique injection is used to improve the local mixing efficiency.

[0037] The flow sensor is installed in the closed chamber of the hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline through the flow sensor mounting hole and sealed with sealant to monitor the flow conditions in the pipeline and transmit the data to the data server. When the flow is low, the injection angle of the hydrogen pipeline is relatively large to quickly form turbulence to promote mixing. When the flow is high, the injection angle of the hydrogen pipeline is relatively small to reduce interference and maintain flow stability.

[0038] The hydrogen concentration sensor is installed in the closed chamber of the hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline through the hydrogen concentration sensor installation hole and sealed with sealant. It monitors the hydrogen concentration in the pipeline and transmits the data to the data server. Excessive concentration may cause hydrogen explosion when encountering power supply, ensuring that the hydrogen concentration in the pipeline is within the range specified by the state.

[0039] The data server transmits the data information of the pressure, flow rate and hydrogen concentration variation range in the monitoring pipeline in real time; the data server processes the data information received from the pressure, flow rate and hydrogen concentration sensor and transmits it to the remote data terminal.

[0040] The remote data terminal will receive the data information from the data server, and dynamically analyze the pressure, flow rate, and hydrogen concentration value of the data in real time, and dynamically adjust the angle of the hydrogen pipeline by the mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster according to the data.

[0041] The design method for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas provided by the present invention realizes rapid and uniform mixing of hydrogen-blended natural gas under different working conditions by dynamically adjusting the cross-sectional injection angle α, the longitudinal section injection angle β and the eccentricity d. The mixing condition of hydrogen and natural gas in the pipeline is monitored in real time by a hydrogen concentration sensor, a pressure sensor and a flow rate sensor in an intelligent control system. According to sensor feedback data, the angle of the hydrogen pipeline is adjusted by a mechanical automatic clutch angle regulator to optimize the mixing efficiency. When the flow rate is low, the injection angle is large to quickly form turbulence to promote mixing. When the flow rate is high, the injection angle is small to reduce interference to maintain flow stability.

[0042] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0043] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0044] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units can be a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules, which can be electrical or other forms.

[0045] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0046] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0047] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas, characterized in that: include: Hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline (1), hydrogen concentration sensor (2), pressure sensor (3), flow sensor (4), turbulator (5), flange (6), high-pressure pipeline sealing ring (7), adaptive controller (8), data server (9), remote data terminal (10), mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster (11), flange type one-way valve (12) and sensor mounting hole (13); The flange-type one-way valve (12) is arranged at the inlet of the hydrogen pipeline and connected to the flange, and is used to allow hydrogen to enter the natural gas pipeline in one direction; the hydrogen concentration sensor (2) is installed in the closed chamber of the hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline (1) through the hydrogen concentration sensor installation hole and is sealed with a sealant; the gas concentration sensor installation hole of the pressure sensor (3) is installed in the closed chamber of the hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline (1) and is sealed with a sealant; the gas concentration sensor installation hole of the flow rate sensor (4) is installed in the closed chamber of the hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline (1) and is sealed with a sealant; the turbulator (5) is installed to the mixing The section is used to reduce the distance for uniform mixing of natural gas and hydrogen; the flange (6) is installed at the port for fixing and connecting with other pipelines; the high-pressure pipeline sealing ring (7) is installed at the connection between pipelines for sealing; the adaptive controller (8) is connected to the hydrogen concentration sensor (2), the pressure sensor (3), and the flow sensor (4) to obtain the hydrogen concentration sensor, the pressure sensor and the flow sensor through the reading and writing device, and transmits the data to the remote data terminal; the remote data terminal (10) receives the information of the sensor for real-time monitoring and adjusts the angle of the mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster (11) through the data.

2. A system for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline (1) has an eccentric distance d, d≥0; the angle of the hydrogen pipeline is adjusted by a mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster, and the included angle between the hydrogen pipeline and the natural gas pipeline in the longitudinal section is β, β≥0; the included angle between the hydrogen pipeline and the natural gas pipeline in the cross section is α, α≥0.

3. The system for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (3) monitors the pressure condition in the pipeline according to the data of the remote data terminal (10); the flow sensor (4) monitors the flow condition in the pipeline according to the data of the remote data terminal (10).

4. A system for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbulator (5) changes the flow mode of the fluid, increases the turbulence of the fluid and promotes fluid mixing, thereby shortening the distance for hydrogen and natural gas to be evenly mixed in the pipeline.

5. The system for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen concentration sensor (2) monitors the concentration in the pipeline.

6. The system for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote data terminal (10) realizes remote monitoring and control of the hydrogen pipeline system and can adjust the angle of the hydrogen pipeline through a mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster according to the pressure, flow and hydrogen concentration data.

7. The system for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle range of the mechanical automatic clutch angle adjuster (11) is 0-90°.

8. The system for enhancing the mixing uniformity and stability of hydrogen-blended natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive controller (8) is used to adjust parameters between the pressure sensor, the flow sensor and the hydrogen concentration controller to maintain system stability.

Images