Beam spotlight device

Abstract

The invention discloses a beam spotlight device. The device comprises a first type of power divider, a phase shifter, a metasurface array and antenna oscillator groups, the first type of power divider is used for equally dividing an input signal to obtain a first path of signal and a second path of signal, the first path of signal is transmitted to a first antenna oscillator group in the antenna oscillator groups, and the second path of signal is transmitted to a second antenna oscillator group in the antenna oscillator groups. The second path of signal is transmitted to a second antenna oscillator group in the antenna oscillator groups after passing through the phase shifter, the metasurface array is arranged above the second antenna oscillator group, and the phase shifter is used for shifting the phase of the second path of signal. The technical problems that a traditional single-beam spotlight antenna needs more antenna array subgroups to be arranged to meet the gain coverage requirements of middle and low floors, and the cost of the spotlight antenna is high are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a beam spotlight device. Background Art

[0002] Traditional single-beam spotlight antennas usually use a large beamwidth design. Excessively large beamwidth results in small gain of a single antenna element, and more antenna elements are required to be arranged in an array to meet the gain coverage requirements of mid- and low-rise floors, thus increasing the cost of the spotlight antenna.

[0003] To address the above-mentioned problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a beam spotlight device to at least solve the technical problem that the traditional single-beam spotlight antenna requires a large number of antenna arrays to be arranged in an array to meet the gain coverage requirements of middle and low floors, and the cost of the spotlight antenna is relatively high.

[0005] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a beam spotlight device is provided, comprising: a first type of power divider, a phase shifter, a metasurface array and an antenna element group, wherein the first type of power divider is used to divide an input signal into equal parts to obtain a first signal and a second signal, the first signal is transmitted to a first antenna element group in the antenna element group, and the second signal is transmitted to a second antenna element group in the antenna element group after passing through the phase shifter, wherein the metasurface array is arranged above the second antenna element group, and the phase shifter is used to offset the phase of the second signal.

[0006] Optionally, the beam spotlight device also includes a second type of power divider, the second signal is transmitted to the second type of power divider after passing through the phase shifter, the second signal is equally divided by the second type of power divider and then transmitted to the second antenna oscillator group, wherein the second type of power divider is composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate.

[0007] Optionally, the second type of power divider is a three-way power divider, and the second type of power divider divides the second signal into three equal parts to each antenna element with the same polarization in the second antenna element group.

[0008] Optionally, the second type of power divider is a three-way power divider, and the second type of power divider divides the first signal into three equal parts to each antenna element with the same polarization in the first antenna element group.

[0009] Optionally, the second type power divider divides the first signal into the same number of elements in the first antenna element group, and the second type power divider divides the second signal into the same number of elements in the second antenna element group.

[0010] Optionally, the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group are arranged in double rows, the bottom of the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group is a metal reflection plate structure, the elements in the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group are metal structures, and the isolation between the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group is greater than 25dB.

[0011] Optionally, the metasurface array is composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate, and the metal patch is printed on the dielectric substrate.

[0012] Optionally, a phase of the first signal arriving at an element in the first antenna element group is different from a phase of the second signal arriving at an element in the second antenna element group.

[0013] Optionally, the first type of power divider is a two-way power divider, and the amplitude and phase of the first signal and the second signal are the same.

[0014] Optionally, the first type of power divider is composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate, and the phase shifter is composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, a beam spotlight device includes: a first type of power divider, a phase shifter, a metasurface array and an antenna element group, wherein the first type of power divider is used to divide an input signal equally to obtain a first signal and a second signal, the first signal is transmitted to a first antenna element group in the antenna element group, and the second signal is transmitted to a second antenna element group in the antenna element group after passing through the phase shifter, wherein the phase shifter is used to offset the phase of the second signal, and the metasurface array is arranged above the second antenna element group to increase the antenna gain, thereby achieving a technical effect of optimizing the coverage gain of middle and low floors, thereby solving the technical problem that the traditional single-beam spotlight antenna requires a large number of antenna array groups to be arranged in an array to meet the gain coverage requirements of middle and low floors, and there is a high cost of the spotlight antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a beam spotlight device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is a principle block diagram of a high-gain dual-beam spotlight device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a principle diagram of forming dual beams by phase interference according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a metasurface array according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna element loaded metasurface array according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the gain enhancement principle of a metasurface array according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 7 is a flowchart of a specific implementation process of forming dual beams by phase interference according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a model of a high-gain dual-beam spotlight device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional simulation result according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional simulation result according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0029] First, some nouns or terms that appear in the process of explaining the embodiments of the present application are subject to the following explanations:

[0030] Phase interference technology: a technology that uses the different phases of electromagnetic waves to form superposition or destructive interference in space.

[0031] Metasurface technology: The metasurface metal patch is printed on a dielectric substrate. When the electromagnetic wave is transmitted to the surface of the structure, electromagnetic resonance will be generated. The technology of using electromagnetic resonance to achieve electromagnetic wave regulation is an artificial electromagnetic metamaterial technology.

[0032] In the related art, the use of multiple pairs of single-beam spotlight antennas in an upward and downward manner or an active distribution system can solve the problems existing in traditional single-beam spotlight antennas, but it will bring about the problems of high cost and remote power supply. In particular, remote power supply brings great challenges in property coordination and construction. In order to solve this problem, the embodiment of the present application provides a dual-beam spotlight device based on loaded metasurface technology and phase interference technology to achieve high gain. The horizontal beam is used to cover high floors, and the downward beam is a high-gain beam, which is used to make up for the problem of insufficient coverage gain on middle and low floors. The cost and construction convenience are both excellent. The following is an explanation.

[0033] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a beam spotlight device according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device includes: a first type of power divider 10, a phase shifter 11, a metasurface array 12 and an antenna element group 13, wherein the first type of power divider is used to divide the input signal into equal parts to obtain a first signal and a second signal, the first signal is transmitted to a first antenna element group 14 in the antenna element group, and the second signal is transmitted to a second antenna element group 15 in the antenna element group after passing through the phase shifter, wherein the metasurface array is arranged above the second antenna element group, and the phase shifter is used to offset the phase of the second signal. It should be noted that the beam spotlight device in the embodiment of the present application can be a high-gain dual-beam spotlight device.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present application, a power splitter is a device for distributing signals, which can equally divide an input signal into two or more output signals, and ideally, the output signals have equal amplitudes and the same phases. In the beam spotlight device, the first type of power splitter 10 can be a two-way power splitter, and the function of the first type of power splitter is to equally divide the input signal into two paths, namely the first path signal and the second path signal mentioned above.

[0035] A phase shifter is a device that can change the phase of a signal without significantly changing the amplitude of the signal. In the embodiment of the present application, the phase shifter 11 is used to receive the second signal and adjust its phase to lay the foundation for subsequent phase interference to form a dual beam. For example, by adjusting the phase offset of the phase shifter, the phase interference amount of the two arranged oscillators can be adjusted to achieve the distribution of the gain difference between the two beams.

[0036] Metasurface technology is an artificial electromagnetic material technology. By loading specific metal patches or structures on a dielectric substrate, the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves can be finely controlled, such as changing the direction of the beam, increasing the gain, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the metasurface array is arranged above the second antenna oscillator group 15, and its main function is to increase the radiation gain of the spotlight device, especially to focus the energy of the second beam generated by the phase-shifted signal to enhance its radiation intensity and coverage.

[0037] The antenna element is a basic radiation unit in the antenna device, and can be a linear, needle-shaped or plate-shaped metal structure. The antenna element group 13 is subdivided into a first antenna element group 14 and a second antenna element group 15, which receive the first signal and the second signal respectively, and emit electromagnetic waves into space by radiation.

[0038] The input signal is first divided equally by the first type power divider 10 to obtain the first signal and the second signal which maintain the original amplitude and phase. The first signal is directly transmitted to the first antenna element group 14, while the second signal is sent to the phase shifter 11 for phase adjustment. After passing through the phase shifter 11, the phase of the second signal is shifted and then transmitted to the second antenna element group 15. Since there is a difference in phase between the signals received by the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group, the electromagnetic waves radiated by them in space will produce phase interference, thereby forming two beams with different directional characteristics. The metasurface array 12 arranged above the second antenna element group 15 will use its electromagnetic resonance characteristics to gather the electromagnetic waves when the phase-shifted signal (i.e., the second signal) passes through, thereby improving the radiation gain of the beam and enhancing its coverage capability, especially in the deep coverage scenario of middle and low floors.

[0039] In the beam spotlight device of the present application, the formation of dual beams is achieved through the coordinated use of the first type of power divider and the phase shifter, one of which is a horizontal beam for covering high floors; the other is a downward beam, which is specially optimized for the coverage of middle and low floors through the gain enhancement of the metasurface array. This design not only simplifies the feeding structure, but also effectively solves the problem of limited coverage of traditional single-beam spotlight antennas in complex environments, especially in super-high-rise buildings, and achieves better coverage performance and cost-effectiveness. The following is an explanation.

[0040] The above-mentioned beam spotlight device also includes a second type of power divider 16. The second signal is transmitted to the second type of power divider after passing through a phase shifter. The second signal is equally divided by the second type of power divider and then transmitted to the second antenna oscillator group. The second type of power divider is composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present application, the second type of power divider 16 receives the second signal after being processed by the phase shifter 11. Its function is to further divide this signal into several output signals and provide signals for each vibrator in the second antenna vibrator group 15. Through the further equal division of the second type of power divider, it can be ensured that the signal received by each vibrator has the same amplitude and adjusted phase, thereby achieving phase interference and beam control. In antenna design, multiple vibrators usually need to work simultaneously to form a specific radiation pattern. The second type of power divider 16 ensures that they can radiate simultaneously by dividing the signal equally to multiple vibrators in the second antenna vibrator group 15, so that the entire vibrator group can generate the expected beam as a whole. Through this multi-vibrator synchronous radiation, the beams can be superimposed on each other to improve the radiation gain, efficiency and coverage. The second type of power divider 16 is similar to the first type of power divider 10, and is also composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate. The metal patch can be a metal strip, patch or metalized microstrip line in a plane, which are arranged on a dielectric substrate to form a microwave circuit.

[0042] After adding the second type of power divider, the working process of the beam spotlight device is as follows:

[0043] 1. Initial signal division: The input signal is first divided into two signals, namely the first signal and the second signal, by the first type power divider 10. The first signal is directly transmitted to the first antenna element group 14, while the second signal is sent to the phase shifter 11 for phase adjustment.

[0044] 2. Signal transmission after phase shifting: After being processed by the phase shifter 11, the phase of the second signal is changed and then transmitted to the second type of power divider 16. The purpose of the phase shifter 11 is to generate a phase difference between the beam radiated by the second antenna element group 15 and the beam radiated by the first antenna element group 14, thereby forming phase interference in space and realizing the formation of dual beams.

[0045] 3. Final distribution and radiation of signals: The second type of power divider 16 divides the second signal after phase shifting into equal parts again, and then transmits these signals to each oscillator in the second antenna oscillator group 15. Since the signal received by each oscillator has an adjusted phase, the second antenna oscillator group 15 can generate a beam with a specific phase. Combined with the beam radiated by the first antenna oscillator group 14, a dual beam is finally formed through phase interference. At the same time, the metasurface array 12 is used to converge the beam and improve the gain to meet the coverage requirements of high floors and medium and low floors.

[0046] In the above-mentioned beam spotlight device, the second type of power divider is a three-way power divider, and the second type of power divider divides the second signal into three equal parts to each antenna element with the same polarization in the second antenna element group.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present application, the second type of power divider can be a three-way power divider, which is used to further divide the second signal after the phase is adjusted by the phase shifter, specifically to divide the signal into three equal output signals, each of which is transmitted to each oscillator with the same polarization in the second antenna oscillator group. The second type of power divider receives the second signal, which has been phase-adjusted by the phase shifter before entering the power divider to produce a phase difference with the first signal. When the second signal enters the second type of three-way power divider, the power divider divides the signal into three equal amplitude and phase signals, but the phase is different from the first signal. The second antenna oscillator group includes multiple oscillators, which have the same polarization direction (for example, all oscillators are vertically polarized or horizontally polarized). The second type of power divider feeds the above three signals to the three oscillators with the same polarization in the second antenna oscillator group respectively. This distribution method ensures that the signal received by each oscillator has the same amplitude and adjusted phase, so that a coordinated beam can be formed during radiation. When these oscillators receive the signal, they will radiate electromagnetic waves synchronously. Since these oscillators have the same polarization direction, they will jointly generate a beam with a specific direction. At the same time, since the signal has been processed by the phase shifter, it will produce phase interference with the beam radiated by the first antenna oscillator group in the far field. This interference can form a dual beam of the antenna. One beam (for example, generated by the first antenna oscillator group) can be set as a horizontal beam to cover the high floors; the other beam (for example, generated by the second antenna oscillator group) can be set as a downtilt beam, and the gain coverage of the middle and low floors can be achieved through the regulation of the metasurface array. The metasurface array is set above the second antenna oscillator group. Its function is to optimize the beam performance from the second antenna oscillator group by regulating the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves, such as gain enhancement and beam direction change. When the signal divided equally by the second type of power divider is radiated through the oscillator group, the metasurface array can further compress the beam width and enhance the beam gain, thereby improving the coverage effect of the device on specific areas (such as middle and low floors).

[0048] By using a second-type three-way power divider to equally divide the second signal with adjusted phase and simultaneously distribute it to the oscillators with the same polarization, the beam spotlight device can form two beams with different characteristics and optimized coverage capabilities without significantly increasing the hardware complexity and cost, thereby solving the signal coverage problem on different floors in super-high-rise buildings and improving the overall coverage quality and efficiency of the wireless communication system.

[0049] In the above-mentioned beam spotlight device, the second type of power divider is a three-way power divider, and the second type of power divider divides the first signal into three equal parts to each antenna element with the same polarization in the first antenna element group.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present application, the second type of power divider can also receive the first signal without phase shifting and start further signal processing. The second type of power divider is designed as a three-equal power divider, which means that it can accurately divide the first signal into three equal-amplitude and in-phase signals. This power divider is usually composed of a series of microwave circuit elements, such as microstrip lines, couplers or metal patches, which are precisely arranged on a dielectric substrate to ensure uniform distribution of signals. Each of the three equal-amplitude and in-phase signals after division is fed to one of the oscillators in the first antenna element group, and these oscillators have the same polarization direction. The phase of the signal received by each oscillator in the oscillator group is consistent, which can ensure that they produce coordinated electromagnetic waves when radiating, forming a beam with high gain characteristics. This beam can be designed to cover a specific area, such as a high floor, without too much energy being dispersed in other directions, thereby improving the efficiency of signal coverage. In the beam spotlight device, the phase interference generated in space by the first signal and the second signal after phase shifting is the key to forming a dual beam. Through its unique electromagnetic resonance properties, the metasurface array can further control and improve the gain of the beam, especially for the downtilt beam, making the beam more concentrated and covering a larger range.

[0051] In the above beam spotlight device, the second type power divider divides the first signal into the same number of elements in the first antenna element group, and the second type power divider divides the second signal into the same number of elements in the second antenna element group.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present application, when the first signal (i.e., the signal that has not undergone phase shifting processing) enters the second type of power divider, the power divider will divide the first signal into signal branches equal to the number of elements in the first antenna element group. This means that if the first antenna element group contains N elements, the second type of power divider is an N-class power divider, which divides the first signal into N equal signals, and each signal will be fed to an element of the first antenna element group. This design ensures that all elements can receive signals with the same phase and amplitude, thereby forming a concentrated, high-gain main beam during radiation. For example, if the second type of power divider is a three-class power divider, the first antenna element group contains three elements with the same polarization.

[0053] For the second signal, that is, the signal after being processed by the phase shifter, the second type of power divider divides the second signal into signal branches equal to the number of elements in the second antenna element group. If the second antenna element group contains M elements, the second type of power divider will divide the second signal into M branches, and each signal will be fed to one element in the second antenna element group. Since the second signal has been phase-adjusted before entering the power divider, this means that the elements in the second antenna element group will receive signals with adjusted phases but equal amplitudes. The phase difference of these signals will be used to form an auxiliary beam that has phase interference with the radiation beam of the first antenna element group.

[0054] Through the action of the first type of power divider and phase shifter, there will be a phase difference between the signals received by the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group. When the signals of the two antenna element groups propagate in space, they will produce phase interference and form two beams with different directional characteristics. These beams can be designed to cover different floors. For example, one beam is used to cover high floors, and the other downtilt beam is used to optimize the coverage of middle and low floors.

[0055] In the above-mentioned beam spotlight device, the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group are arranged in double rows, the bottom of the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group is a metal reflection plate structure, the elements in the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group are metal structures, and the isolation between the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group is greater than 25dB.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present application, the first antenna vibrator group and the second antenna vibrator group are arranged in double columns, which means that the vibrators are arranged into two parallel columns, and the vibrators in each column are arranged in a vertical direction. This design helps to form a beam in a specific direction. The vibrator itself is composed of a metal structure. The metal vibrator can effectively radiate and receive electromagnetic waves and is the main component of the antenna. The choice of metal material ensures that the vibrator has good conductivity and electromagnetic radiation characteristics. A metal reflector is designed at the bottom of the first and second antenna vibrator groups. The function of the reflector is to reflect the electromagnetic waves at the bottom of the vibrator, increase the front-to-back ratio of the antenna, and help focus the beam and increase the gain of the beam. By arranging a metal reflector at the bottom of the vibrator, the device can concentrate the main energy of the beam in one direction, reduce the leakage of the beam energy to the rear or side, thereby improving the forward gain and directivity of the beam.

[0057] Both columns of antenna elements adopt polarization isolation design. In addition, the distance between the two columns of elements can change the angle between the dual beams.

[0058] Through the dual-row antenna element groups, the metal reflector at the bottom, and the high isolation design between the element groups, the beam spotlight device can more effectively form and control the dual beams, ensuring the high gain and directivity of the beams, while reducing the internal interference of the signal, and improving the coverage capability and signal quality in complex environments. These design features work together to enable the device to achieve efficient multi-beam coverage in a limited space, which is particularly suitable for indoor or outdoor wireless communication systems in super high-rise buildings to optimize signal coverage on different floors.

[0059] In the above-mentioned beam spotlight device, the metasurface array is composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate, and the metal patch is printed on the dielectric substrate.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, the metasurface array is the core to achieve high gain. When the electromagnetic wave passes through the metasurface array, the electromagnetic properties of its surface interact with the incident wave to achieve phase control of the electromagnetic wave and improve the gain of the antenna.

[0061] In beam spotlight devices, metasurface arrays are used to increase the gain of specific beams (such as tilted beams) and achieve beam focusing and directionality optimization by controlling the phase distribution of electromagnetic waves, thereby enhancing signal coverage in a specific area, especially playing a key role in deep coverage of mid- and low-rise floors. This design can not only improve signal quality, but also reduce the physical size of the device and power consumption to a certain extent.

[0062] In the above-mentioned beam spotlight device, the phase of the first signal arriving at the dipole in the first antenna dipole group is different from the phase of the second signal arriving at the dipole in the second antenna dipole group.

[0063] In the above-mentioned beam spotlight device, the first type of power divider is a two-way power divider, and the amplitude and phase of the first signal and the second signal are the same.

[0064] In the above-mentioned beam spotlight device, the first type of power divider is composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate, and the phase shifter is composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate.

[0065] In the power divider (such as the first type of power divider) in the embodiment of the present application, the metal patch is designed into a specific shape and size, such as T-type, Y-type or stripline, etc., to achieve equal division of the signal. These metal patches are usually made of conductive materials such as copper or aluminum, and can effectively guide and distribute electromagnetic wave energy. The dielectric substrate is the supporting structure of the metal patch, and is usually made of low-loss, high-dielectric constant materials (such as polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, etc.). It not only provides physical support, but also affects the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in the power divider. The dielectric substrate combined with the metal patch can control the equal division and phase of the signal to ensure that the two output signals have the same amplitude and phase. Such a design is conducive to the implementation of subsequent phase interference technology.

[0066] The metal patches in the phase shifter are designed to have a specific length and width to achieve the change of signal phase. The length and width of these patches directly affect the phase offset of the signal during transmission, so that the phase of the signal can be accurately adjusted. By carefully designing the combination of metal patches and dielectric substrates, the phase shifter can introduce a predetermined phase offset to the second signal while ensuring that the signal amplitude remains unchanged, providing the necessary signal conditions for the formation of phase interference and dual-beam coverage.

[0067] Figure 2 This is a principle block diagram of a high-gain dual-beam spotlight device according to an embodiment of the present application, taking two signal input ports as an example. Figure 2 As shown, it includes: power divider 1, power divider 2, power divider 3, power divider 4, power divider 5, power divider 6, phase shifter, dipole group 1, dipole group 2, metasurface array. Among them, power divider 1 and power divider 2 are two-equal power dividers, that is, the first type of power divider mentioned above, power divider 3, power divider 4, power divider 5, power divider 6 are three-equal power dividers, that is, the second type of power divider mentioned above, dipole group 1 corresponds to the first antenna dipole group mentioned above, and dipole group 2 corresponds to the second antenna dipole group mentioned above. The following is an explanation:

[0068] 1. Input ports 1 and 2 are signal input ports. When there are four inputs, the circuit structure of the other two inputs is the same as that of inputs 1 and 2.

[0069] 2. Power dividers 1 and 2 are respectively two-way power dividers, which divide the signals of input ports 1 and 2 into two equal paths and transmit them to two columns (antenna) oscillator groups 1 and 2.

[0070] 3. The two groups of oscillators are arranged in double rows. The isolation between the oscillator groups is usually required to be greater than 25dB, and polarization isolation is adopted.

[0071] 4. One equally divided signal (i.e., the second signal) enters the phase shifter. The function of the phase shifter is to shift the phase of the signal. The phase-shifted signal is transmitted to one of the dipole groups (i.e., the second antenna dipole group); the other equally divided signal (i.e., the first signal) is directly transmitted to the other dipole group (i.e., the first antenna dipole group).

[0072] 5. Power dividers 3, 4, 5, and 6 are three-equal power dividers. Power dividers 3 and 5 divide the equal-divided signal of input ports 1 and 2 into three equal parts to each oscillator with the same polarization in the column of oscillator groups (i.e., oscillator group 1); power dividers 4 and 6 divide the phase-shifted signal of input ports 1 and 2 into three equal parts to each oscillator with the same polarization in the column of oscillator groups (i.e., oscillator group 2). Therefore, the phases of the two signals arriving at their respective oscillators are different, and this phase causes the beams excited by the two oscillator groups to produce phase interference in space, thereby forming dual beams.

[0073] 6. The metasurface array is composed of metasurface metal patches printed on a dielectric substrate. Its function is to focus the beam transmitted through the metasurface and increase the gain.

[0074] Figure 3 : is a principle diagram of forming dual beams by phase interference in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the input signal of input port 1 is used as an example for explanation: the signal of input port 1 is divided into two equal signals by the power divider (i.e., the first type of power divider) to form two equal amplitude and in-phase signals, i.e., the first signal and the second signal. After the first signal is directly transmitted to the next power divider (i.e., power divider 3, the second type of power divider), it is equally divided to the vibrator group 1 with equal amplitude and in-phase, and radiated into space by the vibrator group 1. After the other equal amplitude and in-phase signal, i.e., the second signal, is transmitted to the phase shifter, the phase shifter shifts the phase of the second signal, so that the second signal has a phase shift; after the phase-shifted signal is transmitted to the next power divider (i.e., power divider 4, the second type of power divider), it is equally divided to the vibrator group 2 with equal amplitude and in-phase, and radiated into space by the vibrator group 2. The electromagnetic waves radiated by the vibrator group 1 and the vibrator group 2 will be superimposed in space. Due to the existence of the phase difference, the beams of the two vibrator groups will produce superposition and destructive interference, thereby forming a double beam.

[0075] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a metasurface array according to an embodiment of the present application, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna element loaded metasurface array according to an embodiment of the present application, Figure 6 : is a schematic diagram of the gain enhancement principle of the metasurface array according to the embodiment of the present application. Figures 4 to 6 The metasurface array in the embodiments of the present application is explained.

[0076] exist Figure 4 In the process, the metasurface metal patch is printed on the dielectric substrate, and together with the dielectric substrate, it forms an artificial electromagnetic metamaterial structure, namely the metasurface array, which can focus the transmitted electromagnetic waves and thus improve the gain. Figure 5-6 In the process, when the electromagnetic waves emitted by the vibrator group reach the metasurface array, electromagnetic resonance will be generated on the metasurface. The vertical component of the magnetic field in the beam can be transmitted through the metasurface, and the horizontal component is suppressed. Therefore, the electromagnetic field incident on the metasurface from the side is suppressed. In the antenna, the side lobes are suppressed, the beam width of the antenna is narrowed, and the gain is improved. Loading the metasurface array in a group of vibrator groups can realize the energy concentration of the downtilt beam, improve the gain of the downtilt beam, and thus improve the coverage of the middle and low floors.

[0077] Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a specific implementation process of forming dual beams by phase interference according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown:

[0078] The signals of input ports 1 and 2 are fed to power dividers 1 and 2 respectively by coaxial cables. Power dividers 1 and 2 are composed of metal patches and dielectric substrates. One equally divided signal is transmitted to the next-stage power dividers 3 and 5 by coaxial cables. The phase shifter is composed of metal patches and dielectric substrates. After phase shifting, the other equally divided signal of power dividers 1 and 2 is transmitted to the next-stage power dividers 4 and 6. Power dividers 3, 4, 5, and 6 are three-equal power dividers, composed of dielectric substrates and metal patches. Power dividers 3 and 5 respectively divide the equally divided signal transmitted by the previous power divider 1 and 2 into three equal parts to each oscillator with the same polarization in oscillator group 1; power dividers 4 and 6 respectively divide the equally divided signal after phase shifting by the phase shifter into three equal parts to each oscillator with the same polarization in oscillator group 2. Therefore, the phases of the two signals reaching their respective oscillators are different. This phase causes the beams excited by the two oscillator groups to produce phase interference in space, thereby forming dual beams. It should be noted that the polarization direction of the signal input by the power divider 3 after it is divided into three equal parts and then transmitted to the vibrators in the vibrator group 1 is different from that of the signal input by the power divider 5 after it is divided into three equal parts and then transmitted to the vibrators in the vibrator group 1. Similarly, the polarization direction of the signal input by the power divider 4 after it is divided into three equal parts and then transmitted to the vibrators in the vibrator group 2 is different from that of the signal input by the power divider 6 after it is divided into three equal parts and then transmitted to the vibrators in the vibrator group 2.

[0079] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a model of a high-gain dual-beam spotlight device according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 8 As shown: vibrator groups 1 and 2 are arranged in double rows, each vibrator is a metal structure, and the bottom of the vibrator group is a metal reflector structure. Vibrator groups 1 and 2 are fed with two excitation signals with phase difference at the same time, and the beams of the two groups of vibrators will produce phase interference to form dual-beam radiation. The metasurface array is composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate. The metasurface array is loaded on the top of vibrator group 2 to gather the radiation beam of vibrator group 2 and improve the gain.

[0080] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional simulation result according to an embodiment of the present application, Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional simulation result according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 9-10 right Figure 8 The actual simulation effect of the high-gain dual-beam spotlight device model shown is illustrated.

[0081] Fig. 9 The radiation characteristics of a high-yield dual-beam spotlight installation in three dimensions are shown in polar coordinates, where the radiation intensity (usually expressed in dB) varies vertically and horizontally. Fig. 9Two obvious peaks can be observed, corresponding to the horizontal beam covering high floors and the downtilt beam covering middle and low floors. The horizontal beam has good directivity and a wide coverage angle, which is suitable for high-rise coverage; while the downtilt beam has a higher gain after adjustment by the metasurface array, and can cover middle and low floors in depth. At the same time, the beam width is narrow, which reduces the side lobes of the signal and improves the targetedness and efficiency of coverage. Fig. 9 The three-dimensional simulation results verify the effectiveness of the high-yield dual-beam spotlight device design proposed in this application, that is, through phase interference and metasurface array technology, high-gain dual-beam coverage is successfully achieved, meeting the specific requirements of different floors for signal strength and coverage depth.

[0082] Fig.10 It shows the radiation characteristics of a high-yield dual-beam spotlight device in a specific cross-section (such as vertical or horizontal direction), that is, the relationship between the gain and angle of the beam, and the gain curve is usually plotted in dB. Fig.10 Two gain curves can be seen in the figure, one for the horizontal beam and the other for the downtilt beam. The curve of the horizontal beam is usually flatter and has a large coverage angle; while the curve of the downtilt beam has an obvious peak at a specific angle (usually pointing in the direction of the middle and low floors), which shows that the beam achieves signal focusing and gain improvement at the design angle. The two-dimensional simulation results further verify that by loading metasurface technology and phase interference technology, the high-yield dual-beam spotlight device can optimize the signal coverage depth at a specific angle. Especially in the simulation of the downtilt beam, it can be seen that the metasurface array significantly improves the beam gain, which directly reflects the performance improvement of the device in terms of deep coverage of middle and low floors.

[0083] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The simulation results show that Figure 8 The performance of the model in actual application. Through three-dimensional and two-dimensional simulation analysis, it is confirmed that the high-yield dual-beam spotlight device can effectively achieve high-gain dual-beam coverage, especially in the deep coverage of low and medium floors, which verifies the effectiveness and innovation of the technical solution of this application. The design of this dual-beam spotlight device can provide more optimized signal coverage in mobile communication systems, especially for the indoor communication environment of super high-rise buildings, significantly improving coverage performance and user experience, while reducing construction and maintenance costs.

[0084] The serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0085] In the above embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0086] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units can be a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules, which can be electrical or other forms.

[0087] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0088] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0089] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0090] The above is only a preferred implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A beam spotlight device, characterized in that: include: The first type of power divider, phase shifter, metasurface array and antenna element group, among which, The first type of power divider is used to divide the input signal equally to obtain a first signal and a second signal, the first signal is transmitted to the first antenna element group in the antenna element group, and the second signal is transmitted to the second antenna element group in the antenna element group after passing through the phase shifter, wherein the metasurface array is arranged above the second antenna element group, and the phase shifter is used to shift the phase of the second signal.

2. The beam spotlight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam spotlight device also includes a second type of power divider, and the second signal is transmitted to the second type of power divider after passing through the phase shifter. The second signal is equally divided by the second type of power divider and then transmitted to the second antenna element group, wherein the second type of power divider is composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate.

3. The beam spotlight device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second type of power divider is a three-way power divider, and the second type of power divider divides the second signal into three equal parts to each of the oscillators with the same polarization in the second antenna oscillator group.

4. The beam spotlight device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second type of power divider is a three-way power divider, which divides the first signal into three equal parts to each antenna element with the same polarization in the first antenna element group.

5. The beam spotlight device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second type power divider divides the first signal into the same number of elements in the first antenna element group, and the second type power divider divides the second signal into the same number of elements in the second antenna element group.

6. The beam spotlight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first antenna element group and the second antenna element group are arranged in double rows, the bottom of the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group is a metal reflection plate structure, the elements in the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group are metal structures, and the isolation between the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group is greater than 25dB.

7. The beam spotlight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metasurface array is composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate, and the metal patch is printed on the dielectric substrate.

8. The beam spotlight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase of the first signal arriving at the element in the first antenna element group is different from the phase of the second signal arriving at the element in the second antenna element group.

9. The beam spotlight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first type of power divider is a two-way power divider, and the amplitude and phase of the first signal and the second signal are the same.

10. The beam spotlight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first type of power divider is composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate, and the phase shifter is composed of a metal patch and a dielectric substrate.

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