Method for promoting ex-situ restoration of crossandra

Abstract

The application relates to a method for promoting ex-situ reconstruction of Aspidistra elatior Bl., relates to the field of plant protection, and particularly relates to a method for ex-situ reconstruction of Aspidistra elatior Bl.. The application is to solve the problem of endangerment of Aspidistra elatior Bl.. The method comprises the following steps: one, habitat investigation; two, selection of reconstruction land; three, collection of surface vegetation; four, microhabitat construction; five, plant transplanting; six, water management; and seven, investigation and observation. The application follows basic principles such as plant interaction and niche theory, and is scientific. Through original habitat migration, microtopography modification and suitable water regulation, suitable environment is created for ex-situ reconstruction of Aspidistra elatior Bl., and the update growth of Aspidistra elatior Bl. can be obviously promoted by cooperating with densification planting measures. The technology does not involve large-scale engineering measures, and the microtopography modification and water regulation measures are simple to operate, and are suitable for popularization and application in different levels of protected land.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of plant protection, in particular to a method for ex-situ reconstruction of Habenaria schindleri. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a major component of wetland ecosystems, wetland plants play an important and irreplaceable function. Wetland plants are not only important primary producers, providing material and energy sources, but also play an important role in maintaining biodiversity, flood control, carbon storage and sequestration. Wetland vegetation restoration and reconstruction is of great significance to enhance the important ecological functions of wetlands.

[0003] Endangered plants are plants that are facing extinction due to environmental changes. The reasons for plant endangerment are very complex, and human activities, climate change and the invasion of alien species can all lead to the endangerment of plants. Habenaria schindleri is a perennial herb of Orchidaceae and is listed in the Red List of Endangered Species of the World (IUCN) as Vulnerable (VU). In China, Habenaria schindleri is mainly distributed in gully grasslands, marshes or other humid places. For wetlands that have been severely damaged or are under potential threat, the habitat is no longer suitable for the survival of endangered plants. Currently, there is no report on the ex-situ reconstruction of Habenaria schindleri, which restricts the effective protection of this plant and similar species. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to solve the technical problem of the endangerment of Habenaria schindleri and provides a method for promoting the ex-situ reconstruction of Habenaria schindleri.

[0005] The method for promoting the ex-situ reconstruction of Habenaria schindleri is as follows:

[0006] I. Habitat investigation: In the severely threatened area of Habenaria schindleri, investigate its distribution during the flowering and fruiting period of the plant, and mark each plant; at the same time, select an undisturbed or lightly disturbed distribution area of Habenaria schindleri nearby, investigate the composition of associated species, litter thickness, and soil moisture characteristics;

[0007] II. Selection of reconstruction site: Select a lake shore or water edge with flat terrain that cannot be flooded for a long time during the flood season in a park, protected area or other protected area as the reconstruction site of Habenaria schindleri;

[0008] III. Collection of surface vegetation: In the undisturbed or lightly disturbed distribution area of Habenaria schindleri investigated in step I, collect a small amount of surface vegetation avoiding the plant, and place it in a cool and humid place for use;

[0009] IV. Microhabitat construction: In the reconstruction site determined in step II, dig a pit with an area of 1m 2 , and immediately fill it with water;

[0010] Five, plant transplanting: the cross orchid plants marked in step one are carefully dug out (in order not to hurt the rhizome of the cross orchid, part of the roots and soil of other plants are allowed), packed into plastic bags, sprayed with a small amount of water to keep moist, and then transplanted into the habitat described in step four as soon as possible (the rhizome of the cross orchid is buried in the soil at the bottom of the pit);

[0011] Six, water management: water is poured immediately after step five is implemented, and then water is poured every 2 days, and water is supplemented according to the precipitation after the plants germinate;

[0012] Seven, investigation and observation: the total coverage of associated species and the growth and update of the cross orchid in the area implemented in step six are recorded, that is, the cross orchid is reconstructed in a different place.

[0013] The pit described in step four has a depth of 20-30 cm, and the topsoil is completely removed, and the bottom of the pit is leveled.

[0014] After the pit described in step four is dug, a wood board with a height of 40-60 cm is separated around the pit, the wood board is inserted into the soil to make it stable, and the wood board has small holes with a diameter of 1 mm, which only allows water to pass freely and can block the propagation of other plants.

[0015] In step six, the water depth on the ground is kept at 0.1-10 cm.

[0016] The method for promoting the cross orchid to be reconstructed in a different place has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present application is based on the field investigation in the distribution area of the cross orchid, and follows the basic principles of plant interaction and ecological niche theory, and is scientific;

[0018] 2. The present application creates a suitable environment for the cross orchid to be reconstructed in a different place through native habitat migration, micro-topography modification and suitable water regulation, and can obviously promote the growth and update of the cross orchid by cooperating with the densification planting measures.

[0019] 3. The present application does not involve large-scale engineering measures, and the measures of native habitat migration and plant transplanting can reduce the damage to the wetland as much as possible, and the measures of micro-topography modification and water regulation are simple to operate and suitable for popularization and application in different levels of protected areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The figure shows the influence of different test treatments on the growth and update of the cross orchid and the total coverage of associated plants, wherein A represents the number of cross orchid updates, B represents the total height of the cross orchid, and C represents the coverage of associated species. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present application is not limited to the following specific embodiments, but also includes any combination of the specific embodiments.

[0022] Specific embodiment one: the method for promoting ex-situ reconstruction of Aspidistra elatior Blume is as follows:

[0023] I. Habitat investigation: in the area where Aspidistra elatior Blume is seriously threatened, the distribution of Aspidistra elatior Blume is investigated during the flowering and fruiting period of the plant, and each plant of Aspidistra elatior Blume is marked; at the same time, the composition of associated species, the thickness of litter, and the soil moisture characteristics are investigated in the nearby area where Aspidistra elatior Blume is not disturbed or lightly disturbed;

[0024] II. Selection of reconstruction site: a lake shore or water edge with flat terrain and not being submerged for a long time during the flood season in a park, a nature reserve or other protected area is selected as the reconstruction site of Aspidistra elatior Blume;

[0025] III. Collection of surface vegetation: a small amount of surface vegetation is collected from the area where Aspidistra elatior Blume is not disturbed or lightly disturbed investigated in step I, and the surface vegetation is placed in a cool and humid place for standby;

[0026] IV. Microhabitat construction: in the reconstruction site determined in step II, an area with a size of 1 m 2 is selected to dig a pit, the surface vegetation collected in step III is spread on the bottom of the pit, and the pit is immediately filled with water;

[0027] V. Plant transplanting: the Aspidistra elatior Blume plants marked in step I are carefully dug out (in order not to damage the rhizome of Aspidistra elatior Blume, a part of the roots and soil of other plants can be allowed), packed in a plastic bag, sprayed with a small amount of water to keep moist, and transplanted to the habitat described in step IV (the rhizome of Aspidistra elatior Blume is buried in the soil at the bottom of the pit) as soon as possible;

[0028] VI. Water management: after step V is implemented, water is immediately poured, and water is poured every 2 days thereafter, and water is supplemented according to the rainfall after the plant sprouts;

[0029] VII. Investigation and observation: the total coverage of associated species and the growth and renewal of Aspidistra elatior Blume in the area after step VI is implemented are recorded, and the ex-situ reconstruction of Aspidistra elatior Blume is achieved.

[0030] Specific embodiment two: the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is that the pit described in step IV has a depth of 20-30 cm, the topsoil is all taken away, and the bottom of the pit is flat. The other parts are the same as specific embodiment one.

[0031] Specific embodiment three: the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one or two is that after the pit described in step IV is dug, a wood board with a height of 40-60 cm is separated around the pit, the wood board is inserted into the soil to make it stable, and the wood board has small holes with a diameter of 1 mm. The other parts are the same as specific embodiment one or two.

[0032] Specific embodiment four: the difference between this embodiment and one of the specific embodiments one to three is that the water depth is maintained at 0.1-10 cm during the water management in step six. The others are the same as one of the specific embodiments one to three.

[0033] Specific embodiment five: the difference between this embodiment and one of the specific embodiments one to four is that the surface vegetation contains litter layer, grass root layer and a small amount of soil in step three. The others are the same as one of the specific embodiments one to four.

[0034] Specific embodiment six: the difference between this embodiment and one of the specific embodiments one to five is that the surface vegetation contains litter layer and grass root layer in step three. The others are the same as one of the specific embodiments one to five.

[0035] The effect of the application is verified by the following examples:

[0036] Example one:

[0037] In 2024, in Sanjiang National Wetland Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province, the ex-situ reconstruction of Pyrola decorata was promoted according to the following steps:

[0038] I. Habitat investigation: in the area where Pyrola decorata is seriously disturbed by agricultural activities (E134.6179089, N47.6227972), the distribution of Pyrola decorata was investigated during the flowering and fruiting period of the plant (June-August), and each plant was marked. At the same time, in the nearby area where Pyrola decorata was not disturbed or lightly disturbed (E134.6606951, N47.7370167), the main associated species were investigated, including: Achnatherum splendens, Melilotus officinalis, Euphrates, Trifolium repens, Hypericum ascyron, Eragrostis tenuifolia, Carex lasiocarpa, Carex grayi, and Lythrum salicaria. The thickness of litter was about 5 cm, the thickness of litter + grass root layer was about 15 cm, and the surface water depth was 0.1-10 cm.

[0039] II. Selection of reconstruction site: a water habitat with little human activity (E134.6147484, N48.1545195) was selected in the nature reserve, and an area with relatively flat terrain and which could not be flooded for a long time during the flood season was selected as the reconstruction site of Pyrola decorata.

[0040] III. Collection of surface vegetation: a small amount of surface vegetation was collected from the Pyrola decorata distribution area investigated in step I, avoiding the Pyrola decorata plants, and placed in a cool and humid place for use. In order to avoid harm to the original vegetation, when cutting the surface vegetation, the length and width of each piece should be 20 cm, and the depth should not exceed 30 cm. After collection, the collection area was filled with surrounding plants and litter.

[0041] IV. Microhabitat construction: in the reconstruction site determined in step II, an area of 1 m 2Dig a pit with the depth of 20-30cm in the area, take away all the surface soil, and level the bottom of the pit; spread the surface vegetation collected in step 3 on the bottom of the pit and fill it with water immediately; separate the pit with wood board with the height of 40-60cm, insert the wood board into the soil to make it stable, and the wood board has small holes with the diameter of 1mm, which allows the water to pass freely and blocks the propagation of other plants;

[0042] V. Plant transplanting: carefully dig out the Aspidistra elatior plants marked in step I (part of the roots and soil of other plants are allowed to avoid damaging the rhizome of Aspidistra elatior), put them into plastic bags, spray a small amount of water to keep them wet, and transplant them to the habitat described in step IV as soon as possible (bury the rhizome of Aspidistra elatior into the soil at the bottom of the pit);

[0043] VI. Water management: water immediately after step V is implemented, and water every 2 days thereafter, and supplement water according to the rainfall after the plants germinate to keep the water depth on the ground surface at 0.1-10cm;

[0044] VII. Investigation and observation: record the total coverage of the associated species and the number and total height of Aspidistra elatior in the area after step VI is implemented at the end of the growing season (late August), which realizes the ex-situ reconstruction of Aspidistra elatior.

[0045] The effect of the method for promoting the ex-situ reconstruction of Aspidistra elatior is verified by the following test:

[0046] Test group and control group are set, the test group: change the depth of cutting the surface vegetation when collecting the surface vegetation in step III of the embodiment, and the number of Aspidistra elatior plants per square meter transplanted in step V to test. The control group: different from the test group in that the surface vegetation collected in step III is not laid in step IV when the microhabitat is constructed, and other treatments are the same as those of the test group. The test results are shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 Figure 1 Figures A, B and C represent the number of Aspidistra elatior, the total height of Aspidistra elatior and the coverage of associated species respectively, and note: different lowercase letters represent that the difference reaches a significant level (P<0.05).

[0047] Table 1 Effect of different test treatments on the growth and update of Aspidistra elatior and the total coverage of associated plants

[0048]

[0049] Note: the thickness of cutting the surface vegetation: 0cm-no laying on the bottom of the pit, 5cm-the surface vegetation contains only litter, 15cm-the surface vegetation contains litter layer and grass root layer, and 25cm-the surface vegetation contains litter layer, grass root layer and a small amount of soil; different lowercase letters in the same column represent that the difference reaches a significant level (P<0.05).​

[0050] Statistical analysis showed that ground vegetation migration coverage had significant effects on the number of new plants(F=87, P<0.001), plant height(F=115.117, P<0.001) and total coverage of associated species(F=220.551, P<0.001). Compared with the control(without covering the original vegetation), the litter layer(thickness 5 cm) and the litter layer+grass root layer(thickness 15 cm) increased the number of new plants by 430% and 870%, respectively(Table 1, Figure 1 A), and the total plant height by 433% and 1190%, respectively(Table 1, Figure 1 B), indicating that the coverage of original vegetation was crucial for promoting the ex-situ reconstruction of S. japonicum. From Figure 1 C, it can be seen that the total coverage of associated species increased by 200%-220% in the litter layer, and by 738%-1140% in the litter layer+grass root layer, compared with the control(without covering). The ground vegetation layer(especially the treatment containing the grass root layer) contained a large number of plant propagules, which successfully germinated under suitable moisture conditions, and created conditions for the survival and growth of S. japonicum. In addition, the acid-base, nutrient environment and microbial community created by the grass root layer and litter layer also provided suitable environment for the establishment of S. japonicum and other plants in the ex-situ population. Therefore, by appropriately increasing the density of S. japonicum planting, the success rate of its ex-situ reconstruction can be improved. Under the same initial planting density, there was no significant difference in the total coverage of associated species, the number of new plants and the total plant height between the 15 cm coverage and the 25 cm coverage, indicating that even if the original vegetation did not contain soil, it could also play a role in promoting the ex-situ population establishment of S. japonicum, and the litter and grass root layer played a key role.

[0051] The initial number of S. japonicum planting had significant effects on the number of new plants(F=187.267, P<0.001) and the total plant height(F=181.021, P<0.001). Compared with the initial number of 1 plant, the initial number of 4 plants increased the number of new plants by 178%-212%(Table 1, Figure 1 A), and the total plant height by 182%-220%(Table 1, Figure 1B). This means that there are intraspecific interactions between individuals or populations of Crossandra, which plays an important role in the ecosystem, and is beneficial to the survival, reproduction and adaptation of the species to changing environments. Based on the above experimental results, the goal of ex-situ restoration of Crossandra can be achieved by covering the original vegetation including the litter layer and grass root layer, appropriately increasing the initial density of Crossandra, and supplementing appropriate water management. This not only avoids the destruction of undisturbed natural wetlands, but also enables the implementation of rescue protection for endangered plants; as the associated plants continue to grow and reproduce, the new environment gradually changes, becoming more suitable for the survival and growth of endangered plants such as Crossandra, and successfully achieving ex-situ restoration.

Claims

1. A method for promoting the off-site reconstruction of Cross Orchid, characterized in that The method for promoting the off-site reconstruction of Cross Orchid is as follows:

1. Habitat Survey: In areas where the plant is severely threatened, survey its distribution during the flowering and fruiting period, marking each plant. Simultaneously, select nearby undisturbed or lightly disturbed areas of the plant to investigate the composition of associated species, litter thickness, and soil moisture characteristics.

2. Reconstruction site selection: Select a lakeside or waterside with flat terrain in a park, conservation area, or other protected area that is not flooded for a long time during the flood season as the site for the Cross Orchid reconstruction; 3. Collecting surface vegetation: In the undisturbed or lightly disturbed areas of the Cross Orchid surveyed in step 1, collect a small amount of surface vegetation, avoiding the Cross Orchid plants, and place them in a cool, moist place for later use.

4. Microhabitat construction: In the reconstruction site determined in step 2, select an area of ​​1m 2 Dig a pit in the area, cover the bottom of the pit with the surface vegetation collected in step 3, and immediately fill it with water; 5. Plant transplantation: Carefully dig out the Cross Orchid plants marked in step 1, place them in a plastic bag, spray a small amount of water to keep them moist, and transplant them to the habitat described in step 4 as soon as possible; 6. Water management: After step 5, water immediately, and then water every 2 days. After the plants sprout, add water according to the precipitation conditions.

7. Survey and Observation: For the area after the implementation of step 6, record the total cover of companion species and the growth and renewal of Cross Orchid, thus achieving the ex situ reconstruction of Cross Orchid; The pit described in step 4 is 20-30cm deep, all the topsoil is removed, and the bottom of the pit is leveled; After the pit is dug in step 4, it is surrounded by wooden boards 40-60 cm high. The wooden boards are inserted into the soil to stabilize it, and there are small holes with a diameter of 1 mm on the wooden boards. When managing water in step 6, maintain the surface water depth at 0.1-10cm; The surface vegetation in step 3 includes a litter layer, a grass root layer and a small amount of soil.

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