Application of naphthylacetic acid in prevention and treatment of pear pulp beriberi disease

Abstract

The invention relates to application of naphthylacetic acid in prevention and treatment of pear pulp bombardment disease. The naphthylacetic acid with the mass concentration of 0.0015-0.0025% is smeared on fruit stems in 40-50 days of full blooming or the naphthylacetic acid with the mass concentration larger than or equal to 0.005% is sprayed on the fruit stems in 45-90 days of full blooming to prevent and treat the pear pulp bombardment disease. Naphthylacetic acid is a naphthalene plant growth regulator with auxin activity and is absorbed by roots, stems and leaves, adventitious roots are induced to be formed, and the tree cuttage survival rate is increased; according to the method disclosed by the invention, the naphthylacetic acid is creatively applied to prevention and treatment of the hidroschesis, so that the morbidity of the hidroschesis is effectively reduced, and the application range of the naphthylacetic acid is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cork disease prevention and control, and particularly relates to application of naphthylacetic acid in preventing and controlling pear flesh cork disease. Background Art

[0002] 'Autumn Moon' pear is a new pear variety introduced from Japan. Its average single fruit weight is about 450g, and the fruit shape is regular, juicy and sweet. Due to its large fruit, delicate flesh and sweet taste, this variety is deeply loved by Chinese consumers. In recent years, 'Autumn Moon' pear has brought good economic benefits to producers due to its excellent fruit quality. At present, the planting area in some pear producing areas in Hebei, Shandong and other places in my country has increased year by year, and there is a good development prospect. However, in production, the 'Autumn Moon' pear fruit has developed a cork spot disease, which greatly affects the fruit quality and reduces the market economic benefits of this variety.

[0003] Cork disease is a physiological disease that usually occurs during the fruit ripening period. Cork disease in pear fruits causes uneven skin, brown flesh or brown spots under the skin, which ultimately affects the quality of the fruit and greatly reduces the market value of the fruit. Cork disease begins to occur during the fruit growth period, usually showing obvious symptoms about 1-3 weeks before the fruit is harvested, and the fruit with cork disease is larger in size. The pathogenesis of pear fruit cork disease is complex and unclear, and there are many influencing factors, which are mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1) Variety: The occurrence of pear fruit cork disease may be related to the variety. The investigation found that except for varieties such as 'Zaosu' and 'Qiuyue', other pear varieties such as 'Cuiguan' did not show symptoms of fruit cork. Studies have shown that fruit cork disease generally occurs in Japanese and Korean pear varieties; 2) Nutritional elements: For example, the loss of calcium and boron, and the increase of nitrogen are related to the occurrence of cork disease; 3) Other factors: For example, orchard management techniques such as irrigation, pruning, and fertilization management, climate during the growth period, soil conditions, tree age, and water competition between fruits and leaves will also affect the occurrence of fruit cork disease. In general, the cause of fruit cork disease is not single.

[0004] However, there is no specific medicine for the prevention and control of pear cork disease. The method used is mainly to control fertilization, such as autumn basal fertilizer, foliar fertilizer spraying, and other reasonable cultivation management. Although the above methods have achieved certain results, they are far from the ideal level. Therefore, improving the prevention and control rate of pear cork disease is still an important task at present. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide an application of naphthaleneacetic acid in preventing and treating pear flesh cork disease, which can effectively prevent and treat pear flesh cork disease.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] Application of naphthylacetic acid in the prevention and treatment of pear cork disease.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the concentration of naphthylacetic acid is 0.002-0.01%.

[0009] As a further technical solution, naphthylacetic acid is sprayed on leaves and / or applied to fruit stalks to prevent and control pear cork disease.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the application period of naphthylacetic acid is 25-90 days after full flowering.

[0011] As a further technical solution, apply a concentration of 1% to the fruit stalk 40-50 days after full bloom.

[0012] 0.0015-0.0025% naphthaleneacetic acid (preferably, 0.002% naphthaleneacetic acid is applied to the fruit stalk 45 days after full bloom) or 0.005% naphthaleneacetic acid is sprayed 45-90 days after full bloom to prevent and control pear flesh cork disease.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the pear includes any one of Qiuyue pear, Xinli No. 7 pear, Yuluxiang pear, and Zaosu pear.

[0014] Application of naphthylacetic acid in the preparation of medicines for preventing and treating pear fruit cork disease.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] Naphthaleneacetic acid is a naphthalene-based plant growth regulator with auxin-like activity, which is absorbed by roots, stems and leaves, can induce adventitious root formation, improve the survival rate of tree cuttings, improve the fruit setting rate, and prevent fruit drop before harvesting; the present invention creatively applies naphthaleneacetic acid to the prevention and treatment of cork disease, and unexpectedly finds that it can effectively reduce the incidence of cork disease, thereby expanding the application range of naphthaleneacetic acid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the technical solution of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1: Effects of different reagents on cork formation in 'Qiuyue' pear fruit

[0019] 1. Test methods

[0020] 1. Experimental materials: Select 'Qiuyue' pear trees in the peak fruit-bearing period.

[0021] 2. Experimental operation process: The experiment was conducted in 2022. The 'Qiuyue' pear trees with the same growth were selected. 45 days after full bloom, 0.002% NAA and 1.0% GA were applied on the fruit stalks. 4+7 , 0.25% calcium aspartate was injected into the trunk, and no treatment was used as the control, with 5 plants in one plot, repeated 3 times. At maturity, 50 fruits were selected for each treatment to investigate the fruit cork rate and the number of lesions, repeated 3 times.

[0022] 3. Test indicators, test methods and calculation methods:

[0023] (1) Cork rate: refers to the percentage of fruits containing cork patches (plaque diameter ≥ 2 mm) to the total number of fruits, unit: %.

[0024] Cork rate (%) = (M1 / 50×100+M2 / 50×100+M3 / 50×100) / 3;

[0025] (M1: the number of fruits with corky plaques (plaque diameter ≥ 2 mm) among 50 fruits in replication 1; M2: the number of fruits with corky plaques (plaque diameter ≥ 2 mm) among 50 fruits in replication 2; M3: the number of fruits with corky plaques (plaque diameter ≥ 2 mm) among 50 fruits in replication 3.

[0026] (2) Number of lesions = (T1 / 50+T2 / 50+T3 / 50) / 3;

[0027] (T1: the total number of cork patches (plaque diameter ≥ 2 mm) in 50 fruits in replicate 1; T2: the total number of cork patches (plaque diameter ≥ 2 mm) in 50 fruits in replicate 2; T3: the total number of cork patches (plaque diameter ≥ 2 mm) in 50 fruits in replicate 3.

[0028] 2. Results

[0029] The results showed that 0.002% NAA and 1.0% GA were applied to the fruit stalks 45 days after full bloom. 4+7 The results of injecting 0.25% calcium aspartate into the trunk of the tree and the fruit pulp of 'Qiuyue' pear were shown in Table 1.

[0030] Table 1

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] The results in Table 1 show that applying 0.002% NAA to the fruit stalk and injecting 0.25% calcium aspartate into the trunk 45 days after full bloom significantly reduced the cork rate and the number of lesions in the fruit of 'Qiuyue' pear, which were 51.52%, 66.67%, 34.00% and 43.96% lower than those in the blank control, respectively; applying 1.0% GA to the fruit stalk 45 days after full bloom significantly reduced the cork rate and the number of lesions in the fruit of 'Qiuyue' pear, which were 51.52%, 66.67% and 34.00% and 43.96% lower than those in the blank control, respectively. 4+7 The cork rate and the number of lesions in the fruit of 'Qiuyue' were significantly increased by 54.54% and 29.67% respectively compared with the control.

[0034] Example 2: Effect of NAA Concentration on Pear Pulp Cork

[0035] 1. Test methods

[0036] 1. Experimental materials: The test materials are 8-year-old 'Qiuyue' pear trees in full fruit-bearing period, and the rootstock is Pyrus betulaeformis.

[0037] 2. Experimental operation process: The experiment was conducted in 2023. The 'Qiuyue' pear trees with the same growth were selected as the experimental materials. 45 days after full flowering, naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was sprayed on the leaves. Three NAA concentrations were set at 0.002%, 0.005%, and 0.01%, respectively. Clean water was used as the control (CK). Three plants were treated in each treatment and repeated 3 times. At maturity, 50 fruits were randomly selected in each treatment for the determination of fruit cork rate, number of lesions and volume, which was repeated 3 times.

[0038] 3. Detection indicators, detection methods and calculation methods: see Example 1.

[0039] 2. Results

[0040] This example studies the control effect of 0.002%, 0.005% and 0.01% NAA on cork in the flesh of 'Qiuyue' pear. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0041] Table 2

[0042] Naphthaleneacetic acid concentration Number of lesions Cork rate (%) 0.002％ 2.14 31.05 0.005％ 1.11 14.60 0.01％ 1.53 14.00 Blank control 2.20 18.00

[0043] The results in Table 2 show that the cork rate after spraying 0.002% NAA was 31.05%, which was 72.50% higher than the blank control; the cork rates after treatment with 0.005% and 0.01% NAA were 14.60% and 14.0%, which were 18.89% and 22.22% lower than the control; at the same time, 0.005% and 0.01% NAA significantly reduced the number of cork spots in the fruit.

[0044] Example 3: Effect of application methods on the cork of 'Qiuyue' pear fruit

[0045] 1. Test methods

[0046] 1. Experimental materials: Select 'Qiuyue' pear trees in the peak fruit-bearing period;

[0047] 2. Experimental operation process: The experiment was conducted in 2023. The 'Autumn Moon' pear trees with the same growth were selected. 45 days after full bloom, 0.002% NAA was applied to the fruit stalk and 0.01% NAA was sprayed on the leaves. No treatment was used as the blank control (CK). Three trees were selected for each treatment and repeated three times. At the ripening stage, 50 fruits were selected for each treatment for the investigation of fruit cork rate and lesion number, which was repeated three times.

[0048] 3. Detection index, detection method and calculation method: same as in Example 1;

[0049] 2. Results

[0050] The effects of foliar spraying of 0.01% NAA and smearing 0.002% NAA on fruit stalk cork formation were studied. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0051] Table 3

[0052]

[0053] The results in Table 3 show that foliar spraying of 0.01% NAA and smearing of 0.002% NAA on the fruit stalk significantly reduced

[0054] Compared with the blank control, the cork rate and the number of lesions in the 'Qiuyue' pear flesh decreased by 22.22% and 85.56%, respectively, and the number of lesions decreased by 30.45% and 54.54%, respectively. In addition, the cork rate and the number of lesions in the flesh of the fruit stalks coated with 0.002% NAA were significantly lower than those sprayed with 0.01% NAA on the leaves.

[0055] Example 4: Effect of application period on the cork of 'Qiuyue' pear fruit

[0056] 1. Test methods

[0057] 1. Experimental materials: The experimental materials are 9-year-old 'Qiuyue' pear trees in full fruit-bearing period, and the rootstock is Pyrus betula.

[0058] 2. Experimental operation process: The experiment was conducted in 2024. The 'Qiuyue' pear trees with the same growth were selected. 0.002% NAA was applied to the fruit stalks or 0.01% NAA was sprayed on the leaves 25 days, 45 days and 90 days after full flowering. No treatment was used as the control. Three plants were selected for each treatment and repeated 3 times. At the ripening stage, 50 fruits were selected for each treatment to investigate the fruit cork rate and the number of lesions, which was repeated 3 times.

[0059] 3. Detection index, detection method and calculation method: same as in Example 1;

[0060] 2. Results

[0061] The control effect of applying 0.002% NAA on the fruit stalk and spraying 0.01% NAA on the leaves on the fruit of 'Qiuyue' pear was studied at 25 days, 45 days and 90 days after full bloom. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0062] Table 4

[0063]

[0064] The results in Table 4 show that applying 0.002% NAA to the fruit stalk and spraying 0.01% NAA on the leaves significantly reduced the rate of cork in the fruit pulp and the number of lesions 25 days, 45 days and 90 days after full flowering. In the same period, the rate of cork in the fruit stalk treated with 0.002% NAA was significantly lower than that treated with 0.01% NAA on the leaves. Moreover, the rate of cork in the fruit stalk treated with 0.002% NAA 45 days after full flowering was significantly lower than that treated with 25 days and 90 days after full flowering.

[0065] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not exhaustive of the feasible implementations of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any obvious changes made thereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention should be considered to be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of naphthylacetic acid in the prevention and treatment of pear cork disease.

2. The use of naphthaleneacetic acid in preventing and treating pear fruit cork disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of naphthylacetic acid is 0.002-0.01%.

3. The use of naphthaleneacetic acid in preventing and treating pear fruit cork disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: Naphthaleneacetic acid can be used for the prevention and control of pear cork disease by spraying on leaves and / or applying on fruit stalks.

4. The use of naphthaleneacetic acid in preventing and treating pear fruit cork disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application period of naphthylacetic acid is 25-90 days after full flowering.

5. The use of naphthaleneacetic acid in preventing and treating pear fruit cork disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: Apply 0.0015-0.0025% naphthaleneacetic acid to the fruit stalk 40-50 days after full flowering, or spray naphthaleneacetic acid with a concentration of ≥ 0.005% 45-90 days after full flowering to prevent and control pear cork disease.

6. The use of naphthaleneacetic acid in preventing and treating pear cork disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pears include any one of Qiuyue pear, Xinli No. 7 pear, Yuluxiang pear and Zaosu pear.

7. Application of naphthylacetic acid in the preparation of drugs for preventing and treating pear fruit cork disease.

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