Method for positioning abnormal heliostat and tower type solar heat collection system

Abstract

The invention provides a method for positioning an abnormal heliostat and a tower-type solar heat collection system, and the method comprises the steps: finding a region where an abnormal light spot appears according to a light spot image on a heat absorption tower, taking the region of the abnormal heliostat which generates the abnormal light spot in a heliostat field as a target region, and carrying out the positioning of the abnormal heliostat. The method comprises the following steps of: dividing heliostats in a target area into different batches, respectively carrying out attitude adjustment on the heliostats in each batch, finding out which batch the abnormal heliostats are located in, and then continuously dividing batches and carrying out attitude adjustment on a new target area, so that the number of the heliostats in the batch in which the abnormal heliostats are located can be gradually reduced; and the position of the abnormal heliostat can be determined after a certain number of times. The method has small influence on the normally operating heliostats in the mirror field, has high detection efficiency, and ensures stable operation of the photo-thermal power station. The method has the advantages of being easy and convenient to operate, low in cost and wide in applicability, and is suitable for daily maintenance and management of a large-scale tower type solar heat collection system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar energy utilization, and in particular to a method for locating an abnormal heliostat and a tower-type solar thermal collection system. Background Art

[0002] As a clean, renewable new energy source, solar energy is increasingly widely used in production and life. Among them, tower solar thermal utilization technology is an emerging solar energy utilization technology, which converts low-temperature heat storage medium into high-temperature heat storage medium through a tower solar thermal collection system, and then transports the high-temperature heat storage medium to the heat-using system to release heat, or transports the high-temperature heat storage medium to the heat exchange system to heat the water working medium to generate high-temperature steam, and the high-temperature steam drives the steam turbine to drive the generator to generate electricity.

[0003] The mirror field in the tower solar thermal collection system includes thousands of heliostats. The heliostats need to adjust their tracking posture in real time according to the changes in the sun's position during the day to reflect sunlight onto the absorber in the heat absorption tower, and then use the sunlight reflected by the heliostats to heat the heat storage medium in the absorber.

[0004] When each heliostat is operating normally, it needs to reflect sunlight to the preset position of the heat absorber according to the preset requirements. However, when the heliostat is mistracked due to equipment failure, installation error or environmental interference, the light spot generated by the reflected sunlight may deviate from the preset position, that is, an abnormal light spot is generated, which causes the heat absorber to be unable to effectively utilize the solar energy reflected by the heliostat, reducing the efficiency of the mirror field, and even causing local overheating of the heat absorption tower, resulting in production safety accidents. Therefore, how to find the abnormal heliostat among the thousands of heliostats in the mirror field is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a method for locating an abnormal heliostat and a tower solar thermal collection system, so as to locate an abnormal heliostat generating an abnormal light spot from a mirror field.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for locating an abnormal heliostat, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S10, obtaining a light spot image reflected by the heliostats in the mirror field onto the heat absorbing tower, and determining an area where an abnormal light spot appears on the heat absorbing tower;

[0008] S21, preliminarily determining that the abnormal heliostat generating the abnormal light spot is located in a local area in the mirror field, and taking the local area as the target area; or taking the entire area of ​​the mirror field as the target area;

[0009] S30, dividing all heliostats in the target area into at least two batches, performing posture adjustment for positioning detection on the heliostats in each batch, finding which batch has a synchronous change in the position of the abnormal light spot when the posture adjustment is performed, and selecting the batch as a new target area;

[0010] S40, repeating step S30 for the new target area until the abnormal heliostat corresponding to the abnormal light spot is located.

[0011] Further, in S30, the heliostats in each batch are adjusted in attitude for positioning detection in sequence according to the set order; wherein,

[0012] If the position of the abnormal light spot does not change when adjusting a certain batch, continue to adjust the next batch;

[0013] If the position of the abnormal light spot changes when adjusting a batch, the adjustment of the next batch is stopped and the batch is selected as the new target area.

[0014] Further, in S30, each batch of heliostats has a sun tracking adjustment time for normal sun tracking and attitude adjustment and a detection adjustment time for positioning detection and attitude adjustment, wherein any detection adjustment time is staggered with any sun tracking adjustment time.

[0015] Further, in S30, "dividing all heliostats in the target area into at least two batches" includes: using a binary method to divide all heliostats in the target area into two batches each time.

[0016] Furthermore, the mirror field is divided into a plurality of local areas for performing sun-tracking adjustment during normal operation. In S21, "preliminarily determining that the abnormal heliostat generating the abnormal light spot is in a local area in the mirror field" includes: comparing the time when the position of the abnormal light spot changes with the time when the sun-tracking adjustment is performed in each local area. If the time when the position of the abnormal light spot changes is the same as the time when the sun-tracking adjustment is performed in a certain local area, it is determined that the abnormal heliostat is located in the local area, and the local area is selected as the target area.

[0017] Furthermore, between S21 and S30, the method for locating the abnormal heliostat further includes: S22, fine-tuning the time for the selected local area to perform sun tracking adjustment, and observing whether the moving time of the abnormal light spot is consistent with the time after fine-tuning; if consistent, it is confirmed that the abnormal heliostat is located in the selected local area, and then S30 is performed; if inconsistent, the abnormal heliostat is not located in the selected local area, and S21 is performed again.

[0018] Furthermore, the mirror field has a tracking cycle for performing sun tracking adjustment during normal operation. After each tracking cycle, all heliostats in the mirror field perform a posture adjustment. S10 includes:

[0019] The tower body of the heat absorption tower and the light spot on the target are continuously monitored by monitoring cameras;

[0020] If the position of the light spot in a certain area on the tower body or target shifts and lasts for more than one tracking cycle, the area is determined to be an area where abnormal light spots appear.

[0021] Further, S10 includes: continuously observing the tower body of the heat absorption tower and the light spot on the target through a monitoring camera;

[0022] The actual light spot image obtained by the monitoring camera is compared with the preset theoretical light spot image. When the image difference in a certain area exceeds the set conditions, the area is determined to be an area where abnormal light spots appear.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present invention, a tower solar thermal collection system is provided. The tower solar thermal collection system includes a mirror field and a heat absorption tower. A plurality of heliostats in the mirror field are distributed around the heat absorption tower. The tower solar thermal collection system uses the above-mentioned method for locating abnormal heliostats.

[0024] Furthermore, the tower solar thermal collection system also includes a monitoring camera and a control unit. The monitoring camera is used to monitor the light spots reflected by the heliostats in the mirror field onto the heat absorption tower. The monitoring camera and the heliostats are electrically connected to the control unit, and the control unit controls the heliostats to adjust their posture.

[0025] In this scheme, the area where the abnormal light spot appears is found according to the light spot image on the heat absorption tower, and the area in the mirror field where the abnormal heliostat that produces the abnormal light spot is located is taken as the target area (a local area or the entire area of ​​the mirror field), and then the heliostats in the target area are divided into different batches, and the attitude of the heliostats in each batch is adjusted respectively. If the position of the abnormal light spot changes during the attitude adjustment, it can be known in which batch the abnormal heliostat is located, that is, the search range for the abnormal heliostat is narrowed, and then the new target area is further divided into batches and the attitude adjustment is continued, so that the number of heliostats in the batch where the abnormal heliostat is located can be gradually reduced, and the position of a single abnormal heliostat can be determined after a certain number of times. The method has little impact on the heliostats operating normally in the mirror field, can complete positioning relatively quickly, has high detection efficiency, reduces the impact on the energy collection efficiency of the mirror field, and ensures the stable operation of the solar thermal power station. In addition, the method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, and wide applicability, and is suitable for the daily maintenance and management of large-scale tower solar thermal collection systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for locating an abnormal heliostat provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for locating an abnormal heliostat, comprising the following steps:

[0030] S10, obtaining a light spot image reflected by the heliostats in the mirror field onto the heat absorbing tower, and determining an area where an abnormal light spot appears on the heat absorbing tower;

[0031] S21, preliminarily determining that the abnormal heliostat generating the abnormal light spot is located in a local area in the mirror field, and taking the local area as the target area; or taking the entire area of ​​the mirror field as the target area;

[0032] S30, dividing all heliostats in the target area into at least two batches, performing posture adjustment for positioning detection on the heliostats in each batch, finding which batch has a synchronous change in the position of the abnormal light spot when the posture adjustment is performed, and selecting the batch as a new target area;

[0033] S40, repeating step S30 for the new target area until the abnormal heliostat corresponding to the abnormal light spot is located.

[0034] The heat absorption tower includes a tower body and a target and a heat absorber arranged on the tower body. The abnormal light spot area means that the position of the light spot is offset compared with the light spot formed theoretically, or the light spot is too dense or too sparse in a local area. For example, the light spot should be reflected on the heat absorber but is reflected on the tower body.

[0035] In this scheme, the area where the abnormal light spot appears is found according to the light spot image on the heat absorption tower, and the area in the mirror field where the abnormal heliostat that produces the abnormal light spot is located is taken as the target area, and then the heliostats in the target area are divided into different batches, and the attitude of the heliostats in each batch is adjusted respectively. If the position of the abnormal light spot changes during the attitude adjustment, it can be known in which batch the abnormal heliostat is located, that is, the search range for the abnormal heliostat is narrowed, and then the new target area is further divided into batches and the attitude adjustment is continued, so that the number of heliostats in the batch where the abnormal heliostat is located can be gradually reduced, and the position of a single abnormal heliostat can be determined after a certain number of times. By adopting this method, the normal operation of the heliostats in the mirror field is less affected, the positioning can be completed relatively quickly, the detection efficiency is high, the impact on the energy collection efficiency of the mirror field is reduced, and the stable operation of the solar thermal power station is ensured. In addition, this method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, and wide applicability, and is suitable for the daily maintenance and management of large-scale tower solar thermal collection systems.

[0036] In some embodiments, if it is possible to preliminarily determine that the abnormal heliostat generating the abnormal light spot is in a local area in the mirror field based on the existing information, the local area is used as the target area, which can directly narrow the detection range, and then the abnormal heliostat detection operation is performed in the target area, saving time and simplifying the operation. In some embodiments, if it is not possible to preliminarily determine that the abnormal heliostat generating the abnormal light spot is in a local area in the mirror field, the entire area of ​​the mirror field is used as the target area, which can also gradually narrow the detection range and eventually find the abnormal heliostat.

[0037] Specifically, in S30, the heliostats in each batch are adjusted for positioning detection in sequence according to the set order; if the position of the abnormal light spot does not change when adjusting a batch, the next batch is adjusted; if the position of the abnormal light spot changes when adjusting a batch, the next batch is adjusted and the batch is selected as the new target area. Through the above operation, it is not necessary to adjust the heliostats in each batch for positioning detection, which reduces the impact on the normal operation of the mirror field and can reduce the detection time.

[0038] Further, in S30, each batch of heliostats has a sun tracking adjustment time for normal sun tracking and attitude adjustment and a detection adjustment time for positioning detection and attitude adjustment, wherein any detection adjustment time is staggered with any sun tracking adjustment time.

[0039] Through the above settings, when each batch of heliostats is in the sun-tracking adjustment time for normal sun-tracking and attitude adjustment, the heliostats are adjusted for normal sun-tracking, and when each batch of heliostats is in the detection adjustment time for positioning detection and attitude adjustment, the attitude adjustment is performed to locate the abnormal heliostats, so that the position of the abnormal heliostat can be detected when the mirror field is operating normally, and the normal operation of the mirror field is less affected. In addition, any detection adjustment time and any sun-tracking adjustment time are staggered, so that they are distinguished in time, ensuring that when a batch of heliostats is adjusted for positioning detection, other heliostats are not adjusted, that is, other heliostats are in a static state, so that if the position of the abnormal light spot changes at the same time when the heliostats in the batch are adjusted for positioning detection, it can be accurately known that the abnormal heliostat is located in the batch, which reduces the detection range, and then the batch can be used as a new target area to continue detection.

[0040] In an illustrative embodiment, the heliostats in each batch adjust the attitude of the reflective surface in the heliostat to track the sun at different times, such as the heliostats in the first batch adjust the attitude to track the sun at the 5th second of every minute, and the heliostats in the second batch adjust the attitude to track the sun at the 10th second of every minute. From all the above batches of heliostats, one batch is selected as the target batch, and the tracking time of the heliostats in the target batch is changed. For example, the heliostats in the target batch originally adjust the attitude to track the sun at the 5th second of every minute, and the heliostats in the target batch can be changed to adjust the attitude to track the sun at the 8th second of every minute. The time when the abnormal light spot position in the abnormal light spot area changes is continuously monitored. If the time when the abnormal light spot position changes is the same as the time when the heliostat in the target batch adjusts the attitude, it means that the abnormal heliostat corresponding to the abnormal light spot is in the target batch, and the target batch can be used as a new target area; if the time when the abnormal light spot position changes is different from the time when the heliostat in the target batch adjusts the attitude, it means that the heliostat corresponding to the abnormal light spot is not in the target batch, and then the next target batch is selected for adjustment.

[0041] In an exemplary embodiment, in S30, "dividing all heliostats in the target area into at least two batches" includes: using a binary method to divide all heliostats in the target area into two batches each time. Using a binary method to divide and detect heliostats in the target area can effectively and gradually narrow the detection range and eventually find abnormal heliostats. For example, within 15 detection cycles, 32768 heliostats can be screened.

[0042] In other embodiments, all heliostats in the target area may be divided into three batches, five batches, or other batches.

[0043] In some embodiments, the mirror field is originally divided into a plurality of local areas for performing sun-tracking adjustment during normal operation. In this case, in S21, "preliminary determination of the local area in the mirror field where the abnormal heliostat generating the abnormal light spot is located" includes: comparing the time when the position of the abnormal light spot changes with the time when the sun-tracking adjustment is performed in each local area. If the time when the position of the abnormal light spot changes is the same as the time when the sun-tracking adjustment is performed in a certain local area, it is determined that the abnormal heliostat is located in the local area, and the local area is selected as the target area.

[0044] Thus, before performing step S30, the existing local area tracking adjustment can be used to preliminarily determine the area where the abnormal heliostat is located. If the time when the position of the abnormal light spot changes is the same as the time when the local area is adjusted, it can be directly concluded that the abnormal heliostat is located in the local area, and then the local area is selected as the target area, and then the operation of step S30 is performed. By adopting this method, the operation cycle of step S30 can be reduced, the impact on the normal operation of the mirror field can be reduced, and the detection efficiency can be improved.

[0045] For example, in a mirror field with 30,000 heliostats, there are 6 normal local areas for tracking and adjusting the sun, each of which contains 5,000 heliostats. Through the above preliminary judgment, the abnormal heliostat can be located in the 5,000 heliostats in a local area, and then only these 5,000 heliostats need to be further tested, which has little impact on the normal operation of the mirror field, saves time and is highly efficient.

[0046] Furthermore, between S21 and S30, the method for locating the abnormal heliostat further includes: S22, fine-tuning the time for the selected local area to perform sun tracking adjustment, and observing whether the moving time of the abnormal light spot is consistent with the time after fine-tuning; if consistent, it is confirmed that the abnormal heliostat is located in the selected local area, and then S30 is performed; if inconsistent, the abnormal heliostat is not located in the selected local area, and S21 is performed again.

[0047] By performing step S22, the result of the preliminary judgment can be verified to accurately determine whether the abnormal heliostat is located in the selected local area, and then perform subsequent operations. This improves the accuracy and reliability of the operation and avoids detection failure and time waste caused by performing detection in an area that does not contain an abnormal heliostat.

[0048] In an illustrative embodiment, the mirror field has a tracking cycle for performing sun tracking adjustment during normal operation. After each tracking cycle, all heliostats in the mirror field perform a posture adjustment. S10 includes: continuously monitoring the tower body of the heat absorption tower and the light spot on the target through a monitoring camera; if the position of the light spot in a certain area on the tower body or the target is offset and the duration exceeds one tracking cycle, the area is determined to be an area where an abnormal light spot appears.

[0049] That is, by monitoring the light spot that has shifted on the tower or target, and if the light spot shift lasts for more than one tracking cycle, the area where the light spot is located is identified as an abnormal light spot area, and then subsequent operations are performed. If the light spot shifts but the shift time does not exceed one tracking cycle, it is a situation that is allowed during the operation of the mirror field, and no subsequent detection operations are required.

[0050] In an exemplary embodiment, S10 includes: continuously observing the tower body of the heat absorption tower and the light spot on the target through a monitoring camera; comparing the actual light spot image obtained by the monitoring camera with the preset theoretical light spot image, and when the image difference in a certain area exceeds the set condition, determining that the area is an area where an abnormal light spot appears. In this way, the abnormal light spot is found by image comparison. Among them, the set condition refers to factors such as the brightness, shape, and position of the light spot.

[0051] The above method for locating abnormal heliostats, by gradually narrowing the target area and quickly locating the heliostat that produces the abnormal light spot, significantly improves the efficiency of troubleshooting, avoids the decline in the operating efficiency of the entire system due to the abnormality of individual heliostats, and ensures the stable operation of the tower solar thermal collection system. In addition, by reasonably arranging the adjustment time of the heliostats, the interference between normal sun tracking and abnormal detection is avoided, ensuring that the normal operation of the system is not affected, which has significant practical value and economic benefits. In practical applications, this method can significantly improve the efficiency of system troubleshooting, reduce the system downtime caused by faults, and ensure the stability and reliability of the tower solar thermal collection system.

[0052] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a tower solar thermal collection system, which includes a mirror field and a heat absorption tower. A plurality of heliostats in the mirror field are distributed around the heat absorption tower. The tower solar thermal collection system uses the above-mentioned method for locating abnormal heliostats.

[0053] The tower-type solar thermal collection system adopts the above method, which has little impact on the normally operating heliostats in the mirror field, can complete positioning relatively quickly, has high detection efficiency, reduces the impact on the energy collection efficiency of the mirror field, ensures the stable operation of the solar thermal power station, and makes the tower-type solar thermal collection system easy to carry out daily maintenance and management.

[0054] This automation design can significantly reduce the system's maintenance costs and improve the system's operating efficiency. It is suitable for scenarios that require a high level of automation, such as solar thermal power stations that need to operate in an unattended environment. It can ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system, improve the system's energy efficiency and operational stability, and at the same time, reduce the need for manual maintenance and improve the system's automation level and operating efficiency.

[0055] Furthermore, the tower solar thermal collection system also includes a monitoring camera and a control unit. The monitoring camera is used to monitor the light spots reflected by the heliostats in the mirror field onto the heat absorption tower. The monitoring camera and the heliostats are electrically connected to the control unit, and the control unit controls the heliostats to adjust their posture.

[0056] The spot image captured by the monitoring camera is transmitted to the control unit, which analyzes the abnormal spot area and then divides the batches into batches, and controls the heliostats in different batches to adjust their postures respectively, that is, the abnormal heliostats are gradually found using the above method.

[0057] Through the above scheme, abnormal heliostats can be quickly and accurately located, detection efficiency can be improved, the impact on the energy collection efficiency of the mirror field can be reduced, and the stable operation of the CSP plant can be ensured. This method has the following advantages:

[0058] Efficiency: Through time-sharing monitoring and fine-tuning of tracking time points, combined with efficient batch division and testing, the testing time is significantly reduced;

[0059] Accuracy: Ability to accurately locate abnormal heliostats and avoid interference of large-scale mechanical movement on other heliostats;

[0060] Economical: Reduce additional hardware investment, make full use of existing equipment, and reduce testing costs;

[0061] The present invention is not only applicable to newly built tower solar thermal collection systems, but also to the upgrading and transformation of existing systems. It can significantly improve the operating stability and maintenance efficiency of the system, reduce energy waste and maintenance costs caused by abnormal heliostats, and play an important role in improving solar energy utilization efficiency and reducing operating costs. At the same time, the method is simple to operate and easy to implement, and has significant benefits for improving the intelligent management level of the system. For example, in large tower solar power stations in desert areas, this method can quickly respond to sudden equipment failures and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the power station. It is of great significance to improve the economic and environmental benefits of the power station. It is suitable for the daily maintenance and management of large-scale solar thermal power stations and has broad application prospects.

[0062] The above is only an optional embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may be modified and varied in various ways. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0063] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0064] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this solution. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being only exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so that once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0065] In the description of this scheme, it needs to be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this scheme and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this scheme; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0066] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" may include both "above" and "below". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0067] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only to facilitate the distinction between corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this scheme.

Claims

1. A method for locating an abnormal heliostat, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S10, obtaining a light spot image reflected by the heliostats in the mirror field onto the heat absorbing tower, and determining an area where an abnormal light spot appears on the heat absorbing tower; S21, preliminarily determining a local area of ​​the abnormal heliostat generating the abnormal light spot in the mirror field, and taking the local area as a target area; or taking the entire area of ​​the mirror field as a target area; S30, dividing all heliostats in the target area into at least two batches, performing posture adjustment for positioning detection on the heliostats in each batch, finding which batch has a synchronous change in the position of the abnormal light spot when the posture adjustment is performed, and selecting the batch as a new target area; S40, repeating step S30 for a new target area until the abnormal heliostat corresponding to the abnormal light spot is located.

2. The method for locating an abnormal heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S30, the heliostats in each batch are adjusted in turn for positioning detection according to the set order; wherein, if the position of the abnormal light spot does not change when adjusting a certain batch, the next batch is adjusted; If the position of the abnormal light spot changes when adjusting a certain batch, the adjustment of the next batch is stopped, and the batch is selected as the new target area.

3. The method for locating an abnormal heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S30, each batch of heliostats has a sun tracking adjustment time for normal sun tracking and attitude adjustment and a detection adjustment time for the positioning detection and attitude adjustment, wherein any detection adjustment time is staggered with any sun tracking adjustment time.

4. The method for locating an abnormal heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S30, “dividing all heliostats in the target area into at least two batches” includes: using a binary method to divide all heliostats in the target area into two batches each time.

5. The method for locating an abnormal heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mirror field is divided into a plurality of local areas for sun tracking adjustment during normal operation. In S21, "preliminarily determining the local area of ​​the abnormal heliostat in the mirror field that generates the abnormal light spot" includes: The time when the position of the abnormal light spot changes is compared with the time when each local area performs sun-chasing adjustment. If the time when the position of the abnormal light spot changes is the same as the time when a local area performs sun-chasing adjustment, it is determined that the abnormal heliostat is located in the local area, and the local area is selected as the target area.

6. The method for locating an abnormal heliostat according to claim 5, characterized in that: Between S21 and S30, the method for locating an abnormal heliostat further includes: S22, fine-tuning the time for sun tracking adjustment of the selected local area, and observing whether the moving time of the abnormal light spot is consistent with the time after fine-tuning; if consistent, it is confirmed that the abnormal heliostat is located in the selected local area, and then S30 is performed; if inconsistent, the abnormal heliostat is not located in the selected local area, and S21 is performed again.

7. The method for locating an abnormal heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mirror field has a tracking cycle for performing sun tracking adjustment during normal operation. After each tracking cycle, all heliostats in the mirror field perform a posture adjustment. S10 includes: Continuously monitoring the tower body of the heat absorption tower and the light spot on the target through a monitoring camera; If the position of the light spot in a certain area on the tower body or the target shifts and lasts for more than one tracking cycle, the area is determined to be an area where an abnormal light spot appears.

8. The method for locating an abnormal heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: S10 includes: Continuously observing the tower body of the heat absorption tower and the light spot on the target through a monitoring camera; The actual light spot image acquired by the monitoring camera is compared with the preset theoretical light spot image. When the image difference in a certain area exceeds a set condition, the area is determined to be an area where abnormal light spots appear.

9. A tower solar thermal collection system, characterized in that: The tower solar thermal collection system comprises a mirror field and a heat absorbing tower, wherein a plurality of heliostats in the mirror field are distributed around the heat absorbing tower, and the tower solar thermal collection system uses the method for locating abnormal heliostats according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The method for locating an abnormal heliostat according to claim 9, characterized in that: The tower-type solar thermal collection system further includes a monitoring camera and a control unit. The monitoring camera is used to monitor the light spots reflected by the heliostats in the mirror field onto the heat absorption tower. The monitoring camera and the heliostats are electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit controls the heliostats to adjust their postures.

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