Airborne multimode communication method and system based on MCData

Abstract

The invention provides an airborne multi-mode communication method and system based on MCData. The method comprises the following steps: deploying equipment in the airborne multi-mode communication system based on MCData in advance; the airborne multimode communication system based on MCData realizes automatic discovery and selective access of a communication network; airborne terminal authentication registration based on the MCData protocol is completed through an airborne multimode communication system of the MCData; uplink data forwarding and downlink data receiving based on an MCData protocol are realized; the MCData-based airborne multimode communication system dynamically adjusts a communication path according to the change of a network environment in the operation process of an aircraft. According to the invention, a multi-network-type communication link which can be dynamically switched can be provided, and the communication reliability, the data security and the task response speed of the aircraft in a complex communication environment can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This document relates to the field of low-altitude communication technology, and in particular to an airborne multi-mode communication method and system based on MCData. Background Art

[0002] Airborne multi-mode communication terminals are communication terminals that integrate multiple communication modes and functions. They can support multiple communication protocols and technologies at the same time, ensuring that the aircraft can automatically switch or work in parallel according to different environments and mission requirements during flight, thereby improving the reliability and flexibility of communication. With the development of communication technology, especially the popularization of 5G and satellite communication technology, the application prospects of airborne multi-mode terminals will be further expanded to support higher bandwidth and lower latency communication needs, and meet the increasingly complex flight missions and air traffic management needs. The existing airborne communication system has some shortcomings in the following aspects:

[0003] 1. Single communication mode: Existing airborne communication equipment usually only supports a single communication mode (such as cellular communication or satellite communication), and cannot switch to the optimal communication mode according to environmental changes during the flight of the aircraft.

[0004] 2. Inconsistency between airspace and network coverage: Aircraft often face challenges of insufficient airspace coverage and unstable network signals in complex low-altitude environments. Traditional communication systems fail to fully consider automatic switching and network optimization under different airspace conditions, resulting in communication interruptions or signal attenuation when aircraft cross different areas.

[0005] 3. Inflexible network switching: Current airborne communication systems often rely on manual intervention or preset rules to switch between different communication networks, and lack intelligent and automated switching mechanisms. This results in inefficient communication mode switching when the aircraft needs to respond quickly to emergencies or complex environments, affecting the efficiency of mission execution;

[0006] 4. Lack of optimization of task priority: Traditional communication systems do not have clear priority management for the processing and transmission of different types of data. Mission-critical data may compete with non-critical data for bandwidth, resulting in low efficiency of task execution and even missing critical opportunities.

[0007] 5. Insufficient security: Although the existing system has certain encryption mechanisms, the security and integrity of data transmission are still difficult to be fully guaranteed when multiple communication modes work in parallel. Especially when the aircraft performs critical tasks, the confidentiality and anti-interference of data are particularly important.

[0008] Therefore, the present application solves the above-mentioned problems by providing an airborne multi-mode communication method and system based on MCData. Summary of the invention

[0009] The present invention provides an airborne multi-mode communication method and system based on MCData, which solves the communication stability, data priority management and network switching problems of aircraft in complex airspace and communication environment, and can meet the efficient, safe and reliable communication requirements between aircraft and ground control center under different network conditions.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an airborne multi-mode communication method based on MCData, comprising:

[0011] Pre-deployment of equipment in the airborne multi-mode communication system based on MCData;

[0012] The airborne multi-mode communication system based on MCData realizes automatic discovery and selective access to the communication network;

[0013] Complete the airborne terminal authentication registration based on the MCData protocol through MCData's airborne multi-mode communication system;

[0014] Realize uplink data forwarding and downlink data reception based on MCData protocol;

[0015] The MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system dynamically adjusts the communication path according to changes in the network environment during the operation of the aircraft.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an airborne multi-mode communication system based on MCData, comprising:

[0017] Interface processing unit, master control and automatic switching control unit, MCData protocol processing unit, encryption and security unit and airborne multi-mode communication unit;

[0018] The interface processing unit is used to receive aircraft data acquired by the aircraft onboard service module;

[0019] The main control and automatic switching control unit interacts with the interface processing unit and the airborne multi-mode communication unit, generates an optimal communication mode according to the real-time status of the aircraft and network conditions after receiving the aircraft data, and instructs the airborne multi-mode communication unit to switch to the optimal communication mode;

[0020] The MCData protocol processing unit is used to complete the authentication registration, protocol encoding and decoding, and data forwarding based on MCData, obtain the key mission data based on the aircraft data, and prioritize the key mission data, and realize the encryption of the key data and data transmission through the optimal communication mode by cooperating with the encryption and security unit and the airborne multi-mode communication unit;

[0021] The encryption and security unit uses a multi-layer encryption mechanism to perform end-to-end encryption processing on the data in the MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system, and works in conjunction with the MCData protocol unit to ensure the security of data transmission between the aircraft and the ground control center;

[0022] The onboard multi-mode communication unit is used to switch between different communication modes according to the instructions of the main control unit.

[0023] The present invention supports integrated air-ground communication, combines satellite communication, low-altitude private network, and ground cellular network to ensure that the aircraft always maintains a reliable communication connection, especially in remote areas far away from ground communication towers. By real-time analysis of the geographical location and flight altitude of the aircraft, and based on the current coverage of different networks and the delay, bandwidth and stability of the network, the optimal communication network or two or more communication networks with both primary and auxiliary characteristics are automatically selected and accessed, so that the communication network can be adaptively adjusted to avoid the problem of unstable network coverage or switching delay. With the MCData protocol as the core communication protocol, a high-security and high-reliability communication mechanism is realized by integrating OAuth2.0 authentication and SIP registration. The OAuth2.0 protocol is used to complete identity authentication to ensure the legitimacy of the device identity. After successful authentication, the terminal obtains the access token, attaches the token to the SIP registration request, establishes a connection with the SIP server, and completes the communication registration process. This mechanism effectively prevents unauthorized access and token leakage risks through dynamic token management and expired token refresh functions, while providing flexible permission control capabilities. The MCData protocol is used to prioritize data to ensure that mission-critical data (such as control instructions, real-time video, sensor data, etc.) is transmitted first, thereby improving the efficiency of flight mission execution and the reliability of data transmission. The present invention provides a security and encryption unit that integrates a multi-layer encryption mechanism to achieve end-to-end encrypted transmission, encrypts all communication data, and ensures that the data transmission between the aircraft and the ground control center is highly secure to prevent data leakage, tampering or loss. By automatically switching the control unit, combined with the real-time flight status and airspace conditions of the aircraft, the current coverage of different networks, and the network's latency, bandwidth, and stability, it is possible to intelligently select and automatically and seamlessly switch the best communication mode (such as operator public network LTE / 5G, low-altitude private network, satellite communication, etc.), ensuring that the aircraft always maintains stable communication in various environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate one or more embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an airborne multi-mode communication method based on MCData according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a low-altitude communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 An airborne multi-mode communication system based on MCData according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of automatic network discovery, selective access and dynamic switching according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of terminal authentication registration based on the MCData protocol according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of uplink and downlink data forwarding based on the MCData protocol according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification, the following will be combined with the drawings in one or more embodiments of this specification to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on one or more embodiments of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this document.

[0032] Low-altitude Economy is a comprehensive economic form with low-altitude flight activities as its core. It is a new type of productivity composed of technologies such as unmanned flight and low-altitude intelligent network that interacts with factors such as airspace and market, driving the development of low-altitude infrastructure, low-altitude aircraft manufacturing, low-altitude operation services and low-altitude flight support.

[0033] The low-altitude economy includes four aspects: low-altitude manufacturing, low-altitude flight, low-altitude security, and comprehensive services, spanning the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries. According to different product types, it can be divided into three industrial forms: general aviation, drones, and eVTOL (Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing). The application scenarios of the low-altitude economy include transportation, logistics distribution, agricultural plant protection, etc., and it has the characteristics of spatial multidimensionality, industrial integration, and technical economy. For example, it plays a special and irreplaceable role in the fields of aviation emergency rescue, medical rescue, police deployment, and government flights.

[0034] Airborne multi-mode communication terminals are communications terminals that integrate multiple communication modes and functions, and can simultaneously support multiple communication protocols and technologies, ensuring that aircraft (such as drones, airplanes, helicopters, etc.) can automatically switch or work in parallel according to different environments and mission requirements during flight, thereby improving the reliability and flexibility of communications. With the development of communication technology, especially the popularization of 5G and satellite communication technology, the application prospects of airborne multi-mode terminals will be further expanded to support higher bandwidth and lower latency communication needs, and meet increasingly complex flight missions and air traffic management needs.

[0035] Main features of airborne multi-mode terminal:

[0036] Support for multiple communication modes. The onboard multi-mode terminal can support multiple communication modes, such as:

[0037] Wireless communication: including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, etc.

[0038] Cellular communications: such as LTE, 5G, etc., are used for long-distance communications and data transmission.

[0039] Satellite communications: Ensures communications in remote areas or when ground networks are unavailable in the air.

[0040] Short-range communication: such as VHF / UHF radio, LoRa, etc., for close-range communication and control.

[0041] Anti-interference capability: Since aircraft need to operate in a complex electromagnetic environment, airborne multi-mode terminals must have strong anti-interference capabilities to ensure that communications are not interrupted or degraded due to external signal interference.

[0042] MCData (Mission Critical Data) refers to the services used to support data transmission and applications in mission critical communication (MCC). It is usually used in environments that require extremely high service reliability and security, such as public safety, emergency response, military operations, etc. MCData is an important part of 5G communication and LTE (Long Term Evolution) networks, specially designed for mission critical application scenarios to ensure real-time, high-priority data transmission.

[0043] MCData is the core technology that ensures efficient, secure and reliable data transmission at critical moments, and is widely used in industries with extremely high communication requirements. With the development of 5G networks, MCData's capabilities will be further enhanced to support higher bandwidth, low latency and a wider range of application scenarios, improving communication efficiency for public safety, military and other high-priority operations.

[0044] Main features of MCData:

[0045] Standardization and interoperability. MCData services are standards developed by global communications standardization organizations (such as 3GPP, 3rd Generation Partnership Project) to ensure interoperability between different devices and networks. 3GPP defines mission-critical services (MCS, Mission Critical Service), including voice services (MCPTT, Mission Critical Push-To-Talk), video services (MCVideo, Mission Critical Video) and data services (MCData, Mission Critical Data), ensuring seamless communication between different systems and devices.

[0046] High-priority data transmission. MCData supports real-time data transmission, which is often used in mission-critical applications such as video surveillance, sensor data, maps or situational awareness systems. These data are often used in emergency situations or safety-related operations and need to be processed with priority. By ensuring the Quality of Service (QoS) mechanism, MCData ensures that data can be transmitted according to priority, especially when the network is congested or resources are limited.

[0047] Reliability and low latency. When performing high-risk operations, data reliability is critical. MCData services ensure that data can be transmitted stably without interruption due to network congestion or interference, and have low latency characteristics, ensuring that operators can obtain information in a timely manner.

[0048] Security. Mission-critical communications require strong encryption and protection of transmitted data to prevent sensitive information leakage. MCData services typically include advanced authentication mechanisms and encryption protocols to ensure the security of data transmission. To protect the confidentiality of data, MCData services require end-to-end encryption of data to prevent data leakage or tampering during transmission.

[0049] Network redundancy and high availability. MCData services rely on a highly available network architecture, which usually has multiple redundant designs to ensure that data can continue to be transmitted even when certain communication paths fail.

[0050] Method Embodiment

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an airborne multi-mode communication method based on MCData is provided. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an airborne multi-mode communication method based on MCData according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, an airborne multi-mode communication method based on MCData according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0052] The deployment of airborne multi-mode communication equipment specifically includes: the aircraft is equipped with multi-mode communication equipment that supports multiple communication modes, which can access various communication networks such as the operator's public network, low-altitude private network, satellite communication, etc., and is equipped with an interface processing unit to interact with the aircraft's navigation and monitoring module, payload business module, flight control module and other airborne business data to achieve compatibility requirements under different communication network modes.

[0053] Automatic discovery and selection of communication network access, specifically including: main control and automatic switching control unit, real-time analysis of the aircraft's geographical location, flight altitude, and automatic selection and access to the best communication network or two or more communication networks with both primary and secondary characteristics based on the current coverage of different networks and network latency, bandwidth and stability. For example, in areas with good cellular network coverage, the operator's public LTE / 5G network is used first, while in remote or high-altitude areas, it switches to low-altitude private networks or satellite communication modes to ensure efficient use of the network.

[0054] Airborne terminal authentication and registration based on the MCData protocol specifically includes: MCData protocol processing unit, which completes identity authentication and obtains access tokens through OAuth2.0, which are used for registration and communication with the SIP server. The authentication and registration process adopts a unified standard protocol, combined with a dynamic token management mechanism, which effectively prevents unauthorized access and provides stable support for real-time communication of the aircraft.

[0055] The protocol data uplink forwarding based on MCData specifically includes: MCData protocol processing unit, which uses MCData protocol to prioritize mission-critical data (such as control instructions, real-time video, sensor data, etc.) according to the type of uplink business data of the aircraft. All communication data is protected by a multi-layer encryption mechanism, combined with TLS or IPsec protocol to ensure the confidentiality, integrity and tamper-resistance of data during transmission. At the same time, the data is dynamically routed and optimized according to the characteristics of the currently available communication network, and forwarded to the ground control center to ensure that mission-critical data (such as flight control instructions, sensor data, etc.) are transmitted in a more reliable network first, thereby improving transmission security and efficiency.

[0056] The protocol data downlink reception based on MCData specifically includes: the airborne multi-mode communication unit receives the downlink business data (such as dispatch instructions, route data, etc.) from the ground control center through the currently available communication network, and forwards it to the MCData protocol processing unit. The MCData protocol processing unit decrypts the data through the security and encryption unit, and forwards it to different processing modules such as flight control and payload business of the aircraft through the interface processing unit according to the business data type.

[0057] Scenario-based intelligent dynamic switching of communication networks, specifically including: during the operation of the aircraft, the airborne multi-mode communication system dynamically adjusts the communication path according to changes in the network environment through the network intelligent switching mechanism, to achieve a stable connection between the aircraft and the ground control center, other aircraft and the emergency response team, and avoid communication interruptions due to network fluctuations.

[0058] Before the low-altitude communication system works, it is necessary to power on and initialize the airborne multi-mode communication equipment, including:

[0059] After the main control unit is started, it detects the position, altitude and other initial parameters of the aircraft; analyzes the status of each communication network module (such as signal strength, coverage, bandwidth availability). The main control unit automatically negotiates the communication protocol with other modules, and detects the power-on startup status of the interface processing unit, MCData protocol processing unit, encryption and security unit, and airborne multi-mode communication unit, which serves as the basic information for subsequent automatic switching control.

[0060] MCData protocol processing unit loading: Initialize the MCData protocol stack to support the classified processing of mission-critical data transmission (control instructions, sensor data, etc.) and common mission data (video streams, etc.). Assign priorities to different types of data (for example, flight control instructions take precedence over common sensor data) to ensure that high-priority data is transmitted first when the network is congested.

[0061] Encryption and security unit initialization: Dynamic key generation and management, regularly triggering the key refresh mechanism to avoid security risks caused by long-term use of the same key. Load TLS / IPsec encryption protocol for encrypted transmission of communication data.

[0062] Start the airborne multi-mode communication unit: Start all communication modules (operator public network, low-altitude private network, satellite communication), complete the state synchronization between modules, initialize the switching mechanism between modules, and ensure that the network switches quickly in different environments. The main and standby modes work together, the main communication module is responsible for normal communication, and the standby module enters the monitoring state and detects the signal quality in real time. When the signal of the main communication network drops, it automatically switches to the standby network to achieve uninterrupted communication.

[0063] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of network automatic discovery, access selection and dynamic switching according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the network automatic discovery, selective access and dynamic switching in the embodiment of the present invention specifically include:

[0064] Step 1a-1b: Start the aircraft and collect flight status data

[0065] After the aircraft is started, the navigation and monitoring module is activated and begins to collect flight status data (geographic location, flight altitude, speed, etc.) in real time.

[0066] The navigation and monitoring module sends the flight status data to the main control unit for analysis through the interface processing unit.

[0067] The main control unit analyzes the flight status data to determine the possibility of network coverage in the current airspace (for example, low-altitude areas may be covered by the operator's public network LTE / 5G, and high-altitude areas may rely on satellite communications).

[0068] Step 2a-2b: Communication network status detection

[0069] The main control unit starts detection of all communication modules (such as public network LTE / 5G module, low-altitude private network module, satellite communication module) of the airborne multi-mode communication unit.

[0070] Each communication module scans the surrounding communication signals and feeds back network parameters such as signal strength, delay, bandwidth, etc. The detection results are transmitted to the main control unit in real time for summary.

[0071] The main control unit analyzes the detected network data and establishes a priority list of currently available networks to prepare for the next selection.

[0072] Steps 3a-3c: Select the primary communication network and access it

[0073] The main control unit combines flight status data and network detection results, runs a network optimization algorithm, and evaluates the performance indicators of available networks (such as signal coverage, latency, bandwidth, stability, etc.). According to business needs (such as low latency for control instructions and high bandwidth for video transmission), the optimal communication network is selected as the main network, such as a low-altitude private network.

[0074] The main control unit sends instructions to the preferred communication module to complete network access, such as the public network LTE / 5G module completing the attachment process through the base station or the satellite module establishing a link connection with the gateway.

[0075] Steps 3d-3e: Get an alternate network and establish a connection

[0076] The main control unit selects a backup network such as a public network or a satellite network based on the evaluation results of the network optimization algorithm, and ensures that the backup network has good coverage and reliability.

[0077] An access instruction is sent to the standby communication module, and the standby network module completes the access process, but is in standby mode by default and does not undertake the main communication task.

[0078] The main control unit establishes a coordination strategy between the primary network and the backup network, and can immediately switch to the backup network once the status of the primary network deteriorates.

[0079] Steps 4a-4b: The aircraft is flying and continuously collecting flight status data

[0080] During the flight of the aircraft, real-time collection of flight status data (geographic location, flight altitude, speed, etc.) begins.

[0081] The navigation and monitoring module sends the flight status data to the main control unit for analysis through the interface processing unit.

[0082] The main control unit analyzes the flight status data to determine the possibility of network coverage in the current airspace (for example, low-altitude areas may be covered by public LTE / 5G, and high-altitude areas may rely on satellite communications).

[0083] Steps 5a-5b: Communication quality monitoring and dynamic switching decision making

[0084] The main control unit continuously monitors the real-time status (signal strength, delay, bandwidth, etc.) of the main communication network through the onboard multi-mode communication unit.

[0085] According to the communication strategy, when the status of the primary network drops below a threshold (such as low signal strength, high latency, insufficient bandwidth), the dynamic switching decision process is triggered.

[0086] After the main control unit confirms that the backup network status is better than the current main network, it instructs the communication module to switch to the backup network to ensure uninterrupted communication.

[0087] Steps 6a-6c: Handover completed, communication restored

[0088] The main control unit completes the switch between the primary communication network and the backup communication network. The link connection of the current primary network is closed, and the communication task is transferred to the backup network. The backup network is activated and assumes the primary communication function.

[0089] After the switch is completed, the main control unit verifies the link stability and business data transmission performance of the backup network to ensure the communication quality after the switch.

[0090] After the switch is completed, the main control unit continues to monitor the status of the current network and updates the backup network list in real time to ensure that the aircraft is always in the best communication environment.

[0091] Figure 5 The terminal authentication registration diagram based on the MCData protocol according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the terminal authentication registration based on the MCData protocol in the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:

[0092] Step 1: Start user authentication

[0093] The onboard multi-mode communication unit is responsible for maintaining the currently available wireless network.

[0094] When the MCData protocol processing unit is started, it subscribes to the network connection status of the current multi-mode communication unit from the main control unit to obtain the available wireless network links, including information such as normal network connection. When the multi-mode wireless network is switched, the main control unit notifies the MCData protocol processing unit of the latest available wireless network link information.

[0095] Step 2-3: OAuth2.0 user authentication

[0096] The MCData protocol processing unit sends an OAuth2.0 user authentication request, and interacts with the multi-network converged communication gateway through the onboard multi-mode communication unit using the device's pre-configured credentials (such as user name, password or certificate) through the multi-standard network.

[0097] The multi-network converged communication gateway verifies the user's identity, generates an AccessToken and returns it to the MCData protocol processing unit.

[0098] Step 4: Get AccessToken

[0099] The MCData protocol processing unit receives the AccessToken from the multi-network converged communication gateway for subsequent SIP registration and data transmission.

[0100] AccessToken is stored in an encrypted and secure unit to ensure the security of authentication information.

[0101] Step 5-7: Start SIP registration

[0102] The MCData protocol processing unit initiates a SIP registration request, carries the AccessToken and the currently available wireless network identifier, and performs SIP registration interaction with the multi-network converged communication gateway through the onboard multi-mode communication unit and the currently available wireless network.

[0103] The multi-network converged communication gateway verifies the validity of the AccessToken and completes the SIP registration. After successfully completing the SIP registration, the multi-network converged communication gateway saves the currently available wireless network identification and other information, and returns a registration completion confirmation message to the device.

[0104] The MCData protocol processing unit, according to the configuration requirements, regularly initiates a SIP registration update request to the multi-network converged communication gateway, carrying information such as the currently available wireless network identification, and the multi-network converged communication gateway saves the latest currently available wireless network identification and other information.

[0105] Step 8-9: SIP registration is successful and data forwarding begins

[0106] After the SIP registration is successful, the airborne multi-mode communication device enters the data transmission stage.

[0107] Based on the MCData protocol, the MCData protocol processing unit transmits the onboard uplink and downlink business data to the multi-network converged communication gateway in real time, ensuring that all communication tasks (such as voice, video, text and other data transmission) are executed according to the established business processes.

[0108] Steps 10-13: Event triggers SIP logout

[0109] Specific events (such as task completion or user active request) trigger the logout process.

[0110] The MCData protocol processing unit sends a SIP logout request, which carries information such as AccessToken and is sent to the multi-network converged communication gateway through the onboard multi-mode communication unit and the wireless network.

[0111] The multi-network converged communication gateway verifies the AccessToken. If the deregistration request is confirmed to be valid, the multi-network converged communication gateway closes the current communication session, returns a deregistration confirmation message, and notifies the onboard multi-mode communication device that the SIP registration deregistration is successful.

[0112] The MCData protocol processing unit receives the SIP logout confirmation message, stops data transmission, and closes the current communication session.

[0113] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of uplink and downlink data forwarding based on MCData protocol according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the uplink and downlink data forwarding based on the MCData protocol in the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes: uplink service data forwarding and downlink service data forwarding;

[0114] Uplink service data forwarding includes:

[0115] Step 1-2: Upload airborne uplink service data

[0116] The onboard flight control or business module generates uplink business data according to business requirements and forwards it to the MCData protocol processing unit through the interface processing unit;

[0117] The MCData protocol processing unit prioritizes uplink service data to ensure that mission-critical data (such as control instructions, critical tasks, etc.) are transmitted first;

[0118] Step 3-4: Uplink data encryption request and processing

[0119] The MCData protocol processing unit requests data encryption from the encryption and security unit. Different types of business data have different encryption levels.

[0120] The encryption and security unit encrypts the business data according to the request and returns the encrypted data to the MCData protocol processing unit;

[0121] Step 5-6: Forward the encrypted uplink data to the converged communication gateway

[0122] The MCData protocol processing unit forwards the encrypted uplink service data to the airborne multi-mode communication unit;

[0123] The onboard multi-mode communication unit forwards the encrypted uplink service data to the multi-network converged communication gateway according to the currently available primary wireless network;

[0124] Step 7-9: The decrypted uplink data is forwarded to the control center;

[0125] The multi-network converged communication gateway receives the encrypted uplink service data and decrypts the uplink service data according to the symmetric key and algorithm pre-negotiated with the MCData protocol processing unit;

[0126] The multi-network fusion communication gateway forwards the decrypted uplink service data to one or more ground control centers;

[0127] The ground control center analyzes and processes the uplink business data;

[0128] Downlink service data forwarding specifically includes:

[0129] Step 10-11: Control center sends downlink data

[0130] The ground control center generates downlink business data (such as route planning or flight control instructions, etc.) according to business needs;

[0131] The ground control center forwards the downlink business data to the multi-network fusion communication gateway.

[0132] Steps 12-14: Downlink data is encrypted and forwarded to the multi-mode communication module

[0133] Multi-network converged communication gateway prioritizes downlink service data to ensure that mission-critical data (such as control instructions, key tasks, etc.) are transmitted first;

[0134] The network converged communication gateway encrypts the downlink service data according to the symmetric key and algorithm pre-negotiated with the MCData protocol processing unit;

[0135] The network converged communication gateway judges based on the currently available primary wireless network link information reported by the airborne multi-mode communication unit, and forwards the encrypted downlink service data to the airborne multi-mode communication module through the currently available primary wireless network.

[0136] Steps 15-16: Downlink data decryption request and processing

[0137] The multi-mode communication unit of the onboard multi-mode communication module receives the encrypted downlink service data and forwards it to the MCData protocol processing unit;

[0138] The MCData protocol processing unit receives the encrypted downlink service data and initiates a decryption request to the encryption and security unit;

[0139] The encryption and security unit decrypts the downlink service data according to the symmetric key and algorithm negotiated with the network converged communication gateway, and responds the decrypted data to the MCData protocol processing unit.

[0140] Step 17-18: Decrypted downlink data is forwarded to the onboard service module

[0141] The MCData protocol processing unit forwards the decrypted downlink service data to the airborne service module (such as the flight control or payload service module) through the interface processing unit;

[0142] The onboard service module parses and processes the downlink service data.

[0143] The embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0144] Existing communication systems usually only support a single communication mode (such as only cellular communication or satellite communication), or lack a flexible network switching mechanism. In contrast, the present invention automatically switches the control unit to intelligently select the most appropriate communication mode according to the flight status, airspace conditions and network coverage of the aircraft, ensuring that the aircraft always maintains stable communication in various environments. Traditional airborne communication terminals only have authentication mechanisms based on communication bearer levels such as 4G / 5G or satellites, and lack user or terminal authentication and registration mechanisms for upper-level application business levels. The present invention completes the identity authentication of the airborne communication terminal and obtains an access token through OAuth2.0, which is used for registration and communication with the SIP server. The authentication and registration process adopts a unified standard protocol, combined with a dynamic token management mechanism, which effectively prevents unauthorized access and provides stable support for real-time communication of the aircraft. Traditional communication systems lack a priority sorting mechanism for mission data, which may cause critical mission data to occupy bandwidth for non-critical data, affecting mission execution. The present invention uses the MCData protocol to prioritize data, ensure priority transmission of critical mission data, and improve the efficiency and success rate of missions. When existing communication systems work in multiple communication modes in parallel, the security of data is often not guaranteed and is easily interfered with or attacked. The present invention provides strong encryption protection for all communication data through encryption and security modules to ensure the confidentiality, integrity and security of data transmission.

[0145] System Example

[0146] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an airborne multimode communication system based on MCData is provided. The airborne multimode communication system based on MCData provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a low-altitude communication system. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a low-altitude communication system of an embodiment of the invention. Typically, a low-altitude communication system includes: an aircraft onboard service module, an onboard multi-mode communication system based on MCData, multi-network standard communication links, a multi-network fusion communication gateway, and a ground control center.

[0147] The aircraft onboard business module includes: aircraft flight control module, onboard load business module and aircraft navigation and status monitoring module;

[0148] The aircraft flight control module is responsible for the aircraft's attitude control, route missions and command execution, which directly affects the quality of the aircraft's mission completion. It communicates with the interface processing unit of the onboard communication module to ensure the accurate transmission of mission data;

[0149] The airborne payload business module is used to manage the data collection and processing of the business payloads (such as sensors and cameras) on the aircraft, support the execution requirements of various tasks, and ensure that the business information can be efficiently transmitted in the communication network by transferring the collected mission data to the interface processing unit of the airborne communication module.

[0150] The aircraft navigation and status monitoring module collects the key status information of the aircraft in real time, including parameters such as position, altitude and speed, and provides support for the navigation and communication mode selection of the aircraft. It is connected to the main control and automatic switching control unit through the interface processing unit of the onboard communication module to intelligently select the best communication network, laying the foundation for subsequent communication decisions.

[0151] The airborne multi-mode communication system based on MCData can dynamically select the best communication path according to the position, altitude and network status of the aircraft. With the help of automatic switching of communication modes and intelligent routing mechanisms, the system prioritizes the transmission of key mission data such as control instructions and real-time video, thereby improving communication efficiency and mission response speed. In terms of security protection, the system adopts protocols such as TLS (Transport Layer Security Protocol) and IPsec (Internet Protocol Security), combined with multi-layer encryption algorithms, to achieve end-to-end data protection and ensure the security and non-tamperability of data. Regardless of the airspace or communication conditions, the system can keep the aircraft in a stable and efficient connection state, significantly enhance the flexibility and reliability of communication, and provide solid protection for the aircraft's communications.

[0152] Multi-network communication links include: satellite network, low-altitude private network and operator public network;

[0153] Satellite network is a communication method with global coverage. It is suitable for aircraft to communicate in remote areas or environments that cannot be covered by ground networks. It can maintain stable connections in special scenarios such as high altitude areas, oceans and deserts, and has irreplaceable advantages in wide-area coverage and emergency communications. Due to the long distance of signal propagation, satellite communication may have high latency and bandwidth limitations.

[0154] The low-altitude private network is a dedicated network designed for low-altitude aircraft communications. It has the characteristics of high reliability and low latency, and is suitable for providing stable communications in urban areas, mountainous areas or complex airspaces. It can be combined with ground base stations or relay equipment to optimize communication performance based on the characteristics of low-altitude flight. It is particularly suitable for the transmission of critical mission data, such as real-time monitoring, command and dispatch, etc.

[0155] The operator public network uses existing cellular communication networks (such as 4G / 5G) to provide connection services for aircraft. It has a wide coverage and high bandwidth, and is suitable for application scenarios with high data transmission requirements. In cities or densely populated areas, the operator public network can provide high-speed and stable communication support. However, its coverage and performance may be limited by terrain or aircraft altitude, so it needs to be combined with other networks for comprehensive utilization.

[0156] The multi-network fusion communication gateway is used to integrate communication data from multiple network access methods and transmit it to the ground control center; it acts as a bridge between the aircraft and the ground control center to ensure smooth data transmission and reliability of the command link.

[0157] The ground control center receives key mission data sent back by the aircraft and sends mission instructions, and communicates with the aircraft in real time through the multi-network fusion communication gateway. The ground control center is the command center of the entire low-altitude system. It establishes an efficient connection with the aircraft through the ground fusion communication gateway and communicates with the aircraft in real time through different communication networks to ensure the coordinated execution of tasks and the timeliness of data feedback.

[0158] Figure 3 The airborne multimode communication system based on MCData according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:

[0159] Interface processing unit, master control and automatic switching control unit, MCData protocol processing unit, encryption and security unit and airborne multi-mode communication unit;

[0160] The interface processing unit is used to receive aircraft data acquired by the aircraft onboard business module; as the entry point for data interaction, the interface processing unit uniformly receives and processes data from the aircraft navigation and status monitoring module, flight control module and onboard load business module, and provides standardized input for subsequent communication processes. It plays the role of data transfer and routing distribution in the entire system to ensure the smooth flow of information.

[0161] The main control and automatic switching control unit interacts with the interface processing unit and the airborne multi-mode communication unit. After receiving the aircraft data, it dynamically analyzes and selects the optimal communication mode (such as the operator's public network, low-altitude private network, satellite communication) according to the real-time status and network conditions of the aircraft, and instructs the airborne multi-mode communication unit to switch to the optimal communication mode to ensure that the aircraft is always in the best communication environment. Through efficient interaction with the interface processing unit and the airborne multi-mode communication unit, the stability and adaptability of the communication link are achieved.

[0162] The MCData protocol processing unit is used to complete the authentication registration, protocol encoding and decoding, and data forwarding based on MCData, obtain the key mission data based on the aircraft data, and prioritize the key mission data to ensure the priority transmission of the key mission data. By cooperating with the encryption and security unit and the airborne multi-mode communication unit, it ensures that the key data is transmitted and encrypted through the most appropriate communication mode.

[0163] The encryption and security unit uses a multi-layer encryption mechanism to perform end-to-end encryption processing on the data in the MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system, ensuring high security of data transmission between the aircraft and the ground control center to prevent data leakage, tampering or loss. It works in conjunction with the MCData protocol unit to ensure the confidentiality, integrity and security of data transmission.

[0164] The onboard multi-mode communication unit is the core module for connecting the aircraft to the external communication network, ensuring the reliability and flexibility of communication. The unit supports multiple communication modes such as satellite network, low-altitude private network and operator public network, and can achieve seamless switching between different modes according to the instructions of the main control unit.

[0165] The MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system works in collaboration with internal and external modules to collect aircraft navigation and status data, transmit business data, interact with flight control commands, intelligently switch communication modes, encrypt and secure data, and provide multi-mode access to satellite networks, low-altitude private networks, and operator public networks. It is ultimately efficiently connected to the ground control center through a ground-based fusion communication gateway, ensuring stable and efficient communication of aircraft in a variety of network environments.

[0166] The MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication implementation system pre-initializes the interface processing unit, the main control and automatic switching control unit, the MCData protocol processing unit, the encryption and security unit, and the airborne multi-mode communication unit.

[0167] The main control and automatic switching control unit are specifically used for:

[0168] Determine the network coverage of the airspace where the aircraft is located in the initial state according to the aircraft data;

[0169] Obtain network data of multiple network access methods in multi-network standard communication links and build a network priority list;

[0170] Determine the primary communication network and the backup network according to the network priority list, complete the network access of the low-altitude communication system according to the network access method of the primary communication network, and establish a coordination strategy between the primary communication network and the backup network;

[0171] The aircraft data is collected in real time during the flight, and the network coverage of the current airspace of the aircraft is determined by the main control and automatic switching control unit according to the aircraft data;

[0172] The real-time status of the primary communication network is continuously monitored through the airborne multi-mode communication unit, and network switching is implemented according to a preset communication strategy; the preset communication strategy specifically includes: when the status of the primary network drops below a preset threshold, a dynamic switching decision process is triggered;

[0173] After the network switch is completed, continue to monitor the current network status and update the backup network in real time.

[0174] The MCData protocol processing unit is specifically used for:

[0175] When the MCData protocol processing unit is started, it subscribes to the network connection status of the airborne multi-mode communication unit from the main control and automatic switching control unit to obtain the available wireless network link. When the multi-mode wireless network is switched, the main control and automatic switching control unit send the latest available wireless network link information to the MCData protocol processing unit.

[0176] The MCData protocol processing unit sends a user authentication request, and uses the pre-configured credentials of the device to interact with the multi-network converged communication gateway through the multi-standard network through the onboard multi-mode communication unit. The multi-network converged communication gateway verifies the user identity, generates an AccessToken and returns it to the MCData protocol processing unit;

[0177] The MCData protocol processing unit receives the AccessToken from the multi-network converged communication gateway and stores it in the encryption and security unit;

[0178] The MCData protocol processing unit initiates a SIP registration request and performs SIP registration interaction with the multi-network converged communication gateway. The SIP registration request carries the AccessToken and the currently available wireless network identification. The multi-network converged communication gateway verifies the validity of the AccessToken and completes the SIP registration. After successfully completing the SIP registration, the multi-network converged communication gateway saves the currently available wireless network identification information and returns a registration completion confirmation message to the device. The MCData protocol processing unit periodically initiates a SIP registration update request to the multi-network converged communication gateway according to the configuration requirements, carrying the currently available wireless network identification information. The multi-network converged communication gateway saves the latest currently available wireless network identification information.

[0179] After the SIP registration is successful, the onboard multi-mode communication equipment enters the data transmission stage, and the MCData protocol processing unit transmits the onboard uplink and downlink service data to the multi-network converged communication gateway in real time;

[0180] In response to the user's SIP deregistration request, the multi-network converged communication gateway verifies the AccessToken carried in the SIP deregistration request. If the deregistration request is valid, the multi-network converged communication gateway closes the current communication session, returns a deregistration confirmation message, notifies the onboard multi-mode communication device that the SIP registration deregistration is successful, and the MCData protocol processing unit stops data transmission.

[0181] The MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system implements uplink data forwarding based on the MCData protocol, specifically including:

[0182] The uplink service data of the aircraft is forwarded to the MCData protocol processing unit through the interface processing unit. After the MCData protocol processing unit prioritizes the uplink service data, it requests the encryption and security unit to encrypt the prioritized uplink service data and returns the encrypted data to the MCData protocol processing unit.

[0183] The MCData protocol processing unit forwards the encrypted uplink service data to the airborne multi-mode communication unit, and the airborne multi-mode communication unit forwards the encrypted uplink service data to the multi-network fusion communication gateway according to the currently available primary wireless network;

[0184] The multi-network converged communication gateway receives the encrypted uplink business data, decrypts the uplink business data according to the symmetric key and algorithm pre-negotiated with the MCData protocol processing unit, and forwards the decrypted uplink business data to one or more ground control centers, which parse and process the uplink business data.

[0185] The MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system implements downlink data reception based on the MCData protocol, specifically including:

[0186] The ground control center generates downlink business data according to business needs and forwards the downlink business data to the multi-network fusion communication gateway;

[0187] The multi-network converged communication gateway prioritizes the downlink service data and encrypts it according to the symmetric key and algorithm pre-negotiated with the MCData protocol processing unit, and forwards it to the onboard MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system through the primary communication network;

[0188] The airborne multimode communication unit of the airborne multimode communication system based on MCData receives the encrypted downlink service data and forwards it to the MCData protocol processing unit;

[0189] The MCData protocol processing unit receives the encrypted downlink service data and initiates a decryption request to the encryption and security unit;

[0190] The encryption and security unit decrypts the downlink service data according to the symmetric key and algorithm negotiated with the network converged communication gateway, and responds the decrypted data to the MCData protocol processing unit;

[0191] The MCData protocol processing unit forwards the decrypted downlink service data to the aircraft onboard service module through the interface processing unit;

[0192] The aircraft onboard service module parses and processes the downlink service data.

[0193] In summary, the present invention achieves the objectives of the present invention through the following technical means:

[0194] 1. Network discovery, selection and intelligent routing mechanism: The present invention analyzes and dynamically selects the best communication path in real time based on factors such as the current position of the aircraft and the network status, and adopts an intelligent routing mechanism to reduce communication delays and avoid transmission failures caused by unstable network coverage or switching delays.

[0195] 2. Airborne communication terminal authentication and registration mechanism based on MCData protocol: The present invention uses MCData protocol as the core communication protocol, and realizes a high-security and high-reliability communication mechanism by integrating OAuth2.0 authentication and SIP registration. The OAuth2.0 protocol is used to complete identity authentication to ensure the legitimacy of the device identity. After successful authentication, the terminal obtains the access token, attaches the token to the SIP registration request, establishes a connection with the SIP server, and completes the communication registration process. This mechanism effectively prevents unauthorized access and token leakage risks through dynamic token management and expired token refresh functions, while providing flexible permission control capabilities.

[0196] 3. Data priority and end-to-end security management based on MCData protocol: The present invention uses MCData protocol as the core communication protocol. Through the data priority sorting mechanism in the protocol, critical mission data (such as control instructions, real-time video, sensor data) can be transmitted preferentially when the network bandwidth is limited, effectively avoiding the delay problem caused by the competition between mission data and non-critical data, thereby ensuring the efficiency and timeliness of mission execution. The present invention integrates a multi-layer encryption mechanism and adopts high-standard encryption algorithms such as AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) and RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) to achieve end-to-end encrypted transmission, ensuring that data cannot be accessed or tampered with by intermediate nodes during transmission. Whether it is operator cellular communication, low-altitude wireless private network or satellite communication mode, it can provide comprehensive data protection to protect key data in aircraft missions from theft, tampering or loss.

[0197] 4. Scenario-based dynamic switching mechanism for communication networks: Based on the real-time flight status of the aircraft (such as position, altitude, speed) and network coverage (such as bandwidth, latency, etc.), the system realizes automatic and seamless switching of multi-mode communication modes, avoiding the problem of untimely or inaccurate switching caused by manual intervention or unreasonable rules in traditional systems, thereby improving the reliability of communication in complex environments. For example, if the satellite communication delay is high or the bandwidth is limited, the system automatically switches to the ground communication network to ensure the stability and real-time nature of the communication; when the aircraft enters a low network coverage area, the system automatically switches to satellite communication or other alternative networks to maintain stable communication.

[0198] The embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0199] Existing communication systems usually only support a single communication mode (such as only cellular communication or satellite communication), or lack a flexible network switching mechanism. In contrast, the present invention automatically switches the control unit to intelligently select the most appropriate communication mode according to the flight status, airspace conditions and network coverage of the aircraft, ensuring that the aircraft always maintains stable communication in various environments. Traditional airborne communication terminals only have authentication mechanisms based on communication bearer levels such as 4G / 5G or satellites, and lack user or terminal authentication and registration mechanisms for upper-level application business levels. The present invention completes the identity authentication of the airborne communication terminal and obtains an access token through OAuth2.0, which is used for registration and communication with the SIP server. The authentication and registration process adopts a unified standard protocol, combined with a dynamic token management mechanism, which effectively prevents unauthorized access and provides stable support for real-time communication of the aircraft. Traditional communication systems lack a priority sorting mechanism for mission data, which may cause critical mission data to occupy bandwidth for non-critical data, affecting mission execution. The present invention uses the MCData protocol to prioritize data, ensure priority transmission of critical mission data, and improve the efficiency and success rate of missions. When existing communication systems work in multiple communication modes in parallel, the security of data is often not guaranteed and is easily interfered with or attacked. The present invention provides strong encryption protection for all communication data through encryption and security modules to ensure the confidentiality, integrity and security of data transmission.

[0200] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An airborne multi-mode communication method based on MCData, characterized in that: include: Pre-deployment of equipment in the airborne multi-mode communication system based on MCData; The airborne multi-mode communication system based on MCData realizes automatic discovery and selective access to the communication network; Complete the airborne terminal authentication registration based on the MCData protocol through MCData's airborne multi-mode communication system; Realize uplink data forwarding and downlink data reception based on MCData protocol; The MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system dynamically adjusts the communication path according to changes in the network environment during the operation of the aircraft.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific steps of the MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system to realize automatic discovery and selective access to the communication network include: Based on the aircraft-related data, clarify the network coverage status of the aircraft's airspace in the initial state; Obtain network data of multiple network access methods for multi-network standard communication links, and then build a network priority list; Select the primary communication network and backup network according to the network priority list, complete the network access of the communication system according to the access method of the primary communication network, and establish a coordination strategy between the primary communication network and the backup communication network; During the flight of the aircraft, relevant data is collected in real time to determine the network coverage of the airspace where the aircraft is currently located; Continuously monitor the real-time status of the primary communication network and implement network switching according to the preset communication strategy; After the network switch is completed, continue to monitor the current network status and update the backup network in real time.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of completing the airborne terminal authentication registration based on the MCData protocol through the airborne multi-mode communication system of MCData include: After the MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system is started, it obtains the currently available network connection status and network link information, and updates the network link information when the network switches; Initiate a user authentication request and use the pre-configured credentials to interact with the authentication gateway. The authentication gateway verifies the identity and generates and returns an authentication token, which is then securely stored. Initiate a communication registration request, carry the authentication token and the currently available network identification to interact with the authentication gateway, the authentication gateway verifies the validity of the authentication token, completes the registration and saves the network identification information, returns a registration completion confirmation message, and regularly initiates registration update requests, the authentication gateway saves the latest network identification information; After successful registration, the data transmission phase begins, business data is transmitted in real time, and a logout request is responded to. The authentication gateway verifies the validity of the authentication token. If the token is valid, the current communication session is closed and a logout confirmation message is returned to stop data transmission.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The implementation of uplink data forwarding based on the MCData protocol includes the following specific steps: Obtain the uplink business data of the aircraft, forward and receive the uplink business data, and then prioritize the uplink business data according to preset rules; Encrypting the sorted uplink service data according to a predefined encryption method; Transmit the encrypted uplink service data through the currently available primary wireless network; Receive the encrypted uplink service data and decrypt it according to the pre-negotiated symmetric key and algorithm; The decrypted uplink service data is forwarded to one or more receiving ends, which parse and process the uplink service data.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation of receiving downlink data based on the MCData protocol includes the following specific steps: The ground control center generates downlink business data according to business needs and forwards the downlink business data; Prioritize the received downlink service data, and then encrypt the prioritized downlink service data according to the pre-negotiated symmetric key and algorithm; Transmitting the encrypted downlink service data through the primary communication network; Receive the encrypted downlink service data and transfer it, and after transfer, initiate a decryption request for the encrypted data; Decrypt the encrypted downlink service data according to the negotiated symmetric key and algorithm, and respond with the decrypted data; Forward the decrypted data again; Analyze and process the downlink service data forwarded again.

6. An airborne multi-mode communication system based on MCData, characterized in that: include: Interface processing unit, master control and automatic switching control unit, MCData protocol processing unit, encryption and security unit and airborne multi-mode communication unit; The interface processing unit is used to receive aircraft data acquired by the aircraft onboard service module; The main control and automatic switching control unit interacts with the interface processing unit and the airborne multi-mode communication unit, generates an optimal communication mode according to the real-time status of the aircraft and network conditions after receiving the aircraft data, and instructs the airborne multi-mode communication unit to switch to the optimal communication mode; The MCData protocol processing unit is used to complete the authentication registration, protocol encoding and decoding, and data forwarding based on MCData, obtain the key mission data based on the aircraft data, and prioritize the key mission data, and realize the encryption of the key data and data transmission through the optimal communication mode by cooperating with the encryption and security unit and the airborne multi-mode communication unit; The encryption and security unit uses a multi-layer encryption mechanism to perform end-to-end encryption processing on the data in the MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system, and works in conjunction with the MCData protocol unit to ensure the security of data transmission between the aircraft and the ground control center; The onboard multi-mode communication unit is used to switch between different communication modes according to the instructions of the main control unit.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication implementation system pre-initializes the interface processing unit, the main control and automatic switching control unit, the MCData protocol processing unit, the encryption and security unit, and the airborne multi-mode communication unit.

8. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The main control and automatic switching control unit are specifically used for: Determine the network coverage of the airspace where the aircraft is located in the initial state according to the aircraft data; Obtain network data of multiple network access methods in multi-network standard communication links and build a network priority list; Determine the primary communication network and the backup network according to the network priority list, complete the network access of the low-altitude communication system according to the network access method of the primary communication network, and establish a coordination strategy between the primary communication network and the backup network; The aircraft data is collected in real time during the flight, and the network coverage of the current airspace of the aircraft is determined by the main control and automatic switching control unit according to the aircraft data; The onboard multi-mode communication unit continuously monitors the real-time status of the primary communication network and implements network switching according to the preset communication strategy; After the network switch is completed, continue to monitor the current network status and update the backup network in real time.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The preset communication strategy specifically includes: when the status of the primary network drops below a preset threshold, triggering a dynamic switching decision process.

10. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The MCData protocol processing unit is specifically used for: When the MCData protocol processing unit is started, it subscribes to the network connection status of the airborne multi-mode communication unit from the main control and automatic switching control unit to obtain the available wireless network link. When the multi-mode wireless network is switched, the main control and automatic switching control unit send the latest available wireless network link information to the MCData protocol processing unit. The MCData protocol processing unit sends a user authentication request, and uses the pre-configured credentials of the device to interact with the multi-network converged communication gateway through the multi-standard network through the onboard multi-mode communication unit. The multi-network converged communication gateway verifies the user identity, generates an AccessToken and returns it to the MCData protocol processing unit; The MCData protocol processing unit receives the AccessToken from the multi-network converged communication gateway and stores it in the encryption and security unit; The MCData protocol processing unit initiates a SIP registration request and performs SIP registration interaction with the multi-network converged communication gateway. The SIP registration request carries the AccessToken and the currently available wireless network identification. The multi-network converged communication gateway verifies the validity of the AccessToken and completes the SIP registration. After successfully completing the SIP registration, the multi-network converged communication gateway saves the currently available wireless network identification information and returns a registration completion confirmation message to the device. The MCData protocol processing unit periodically initiates a SIP registration update request to the multi-network converged communication gateway according to the configuration requirements, carrying the currently available wireless network identification information. The multi-network converged communication gateway saves the latest currently available wireless network identification information. After the SIP registration is successful, the onboard multi-mode communication equipment enters the data transmission stage, and the MCData protocol processing unit transmits the onboard uplink and downlink service data to the multi-network converged communication gateway in real time; In response to the user's SIP deregistration request, the multi-network converged communication gateway verifies the AccessToken carried in the SIP deregistration request. If the deregistration request is valid, the multi-network converged communication gateway closes the current communication session, returns a deregistration confirmation message, notifies the onboard multi-mode communication device that the SIP registration deregistration is successful, and the MCData protocol processing unit stops data transmission.

11. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system implements uplink data forwarding based on the MCData protocol, specifically including: The uplink service data of the aircraft is forwarded to the MCData protocol processing unit through the interface processing unit. After the MCData protocol processing unit prioritizes the uplink service data, it requests the encryption and security unit to encrypt the prioritized uplink service data and returns the encrypted data to the MCData protocol processing unit. The MCData protocol processing unit forwards the encrypted uplink service data to the airborne multi-mode communication unit, and the airborne multi-mode communication unit forwards the encrypted uplink service data to the multi-network fusion communication gateway according to the currently available primary wireless network; The multi-network converged communication gateway receives the encrypted uplink business data, decrypts the uplink business data according to the symmetric key and algorithm pre-negotiated with the MCData protocol processing unit, and forwards the decrypted uplink business data to one or more ground control centers, which parse and process the uplink business data.

12. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system implements downlink data reception based on the MCData protocol, specifically including: The ground control center generates downlink business data according to business needs and forwards the downlink business data to the multi-network fusion communication gateway; The multi-network converged communication gateway prioritizes the downlink service data and encrypts it according to the symmetric key and algorithm pre-negotiated with the MCData protocol processing unit, and forwards it to the onboard MCData-based airborne multi-mode communication system through the primary communication network; The airborne multimode communication unit of the airborne multimode communication system based on MCData receives the encrypted downlink service data and forwards it to the MCData protocol processing unit; The MCData protocol processing unit receives the encrypted downlink service data and initiates a decryption request to the encryption and security unit; The encryption and security unit decrypts the downlink service data according to the symmetric key and algorithm negotiated with the network converged communication gateway, and responds the decrypted data to the MCData protocol processing unit; The MCData protocol processing unit forwards the decrypted downlink service data to the aircraft onboard service module through the interface processing unit; The aircraft onboard service module parses and processes the downlink service data.

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