Base station maintenance information management method, system and device

Abstract

The invention provides a base station maintenance information management method, system and device, and relates to the technical field of wireless communication networks. Scientific and reasonable maintenance task distribution is realized by introducing a dynamic priority ranking and adjusting mechanism and comprehensively considering factors such as equipment health, fault frequency, maintenance difficulty and coverage influence; according to the intelligent signal coverage adjustment, faults of a high mountain head base station are flexibly handled by adjusting the transmitting power and signal gain of a low mountain head base station, the network stability is ensured, a maintenance path is optimized, and the safety and efficiency of field operation are ensured; besides, according to the multi-objective optimization path planning, an A * algorithm is utilized, the path distance and the time consumption cost are combined, optimal path selection is achieved, real-time updating is achieved, and the effect and flexibility of maintenance work are improved; data acquisition, priority calculation, coverage adjustment and path optimization are effectively combined, and the intelligent and efficient level of mountain base station maintenance is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication networks, and in particular to a base station maintenance information management method, system and device thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the development of mountain communication networks, the maintenance and management of base stations have become a key link in ensuring network stability and coverage quality. The application of high and low mountain base stations is becoming more and more widespread, but traditional base station maintenance methods mainly rely on preset maintenance plans and lack the ability to respond quickly to dynamic environmental changes. With the improvement of communication technology, the existing methods are particularly inadequate in handling network emergencies, which has prompted people to seek more intelligent and efficient solutions.

[0003] In the prior art, the announcement number is CN106488490B, and the name is a base station maintenance method and system, which can solve the inapplicability problem when each base station uses the same fixed record template. The base station maintenance method provided by the method includes: confirming the base station to be maintained; downloading the equipment ledger of the base station to be maintained from the maintenance platform; generating operation maintenance items according to the equipment ledger; recording the maintenance data corresponding to each device in the base station according to the operation maintenance items, and uploading the maintenance data to the maintenance platform.

[0004] At present, base station maintenance technology faces several challenges; first, traditional maintenance lacks a dynamic adjustment mechanism and usually adopts a fixed priority order, which cannot meet the needs of timely response to sudden failures. Secondly, the traditional method also exposes shortcomings in adjusting the signal coverage range. When a high mountain base station fails, it is difficult to quickly coordinate the low mountain base station for signal compensation, which in turn affects the continuity and stability of communication services. In addition, in terms of maintenance path planning, many technologies simply pursue the shortest distance of the path, while ignoring the comprehensive optimization of safety and time-consuming costs. In this context, a new method is urgently needed to achieve comprehensive and intelligent management of mountain base stations through innovative technologies such as dynamic priority sorting, flexible signal coverage adjustment, and multi-objective path optimization, so as to enhance the resilience and service level of the communication network.

[0005] The above information disclosed in the above Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a base station maintenance information management method, system and device thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A base station maintenance information management method is applied to a mountain communication maintenance area, and the specific steps include:

[0009] Step S1: Obtain maintenance data of each base station in the current maintenance area during the current monitoring period, wherein the base stations include high-mountain base stations and low-mountain base stations, and the signal coverage range of each high-mountain base station can be temporarily covered by several adjacent low-mountain base stations;

[0010] Step S2: Calculating a comprehensive priority score of each base station based on the maintenance data;

[0011] According to the comprehensive priority score, each base station is sorted to determine its maintenance priority, and the base station with a high comprehensive priority score is arranged for maintenance first;

[0012] Step S3: If the current high-mountain base station fails and cannot be maintained in time, the load adjustment mechanism of the surrounding adjacent low-mountain base stations is automatically triggered to achieve dynamic signal compensation and network coverage optimization;

[0013] Step S4: when adjusting the transmission power or signal gain of the adjacent low-mountain base station through the load adjustment mechanism, if on-site debugging is required, the maintenance tasks of the relevant low-mountain base station are arranged according to the priority sorting result;

[0014] Subsequently, the maintenance path planning mechanism is triggered to provide maintenance personnel with the optimal maintenance path to the corresponding low-mountain base station;

[0015] Step S5: After the maintenance is completed and the current high mountain base station resumes operation, gradually restore the original signal coverage of the high mountain base station; at the same time, through the load adjustment mechanism, call back the signal load of the low mountain base station to the state before maintenance.

[0016] A base station maintenance information management system, the system is used to execute the base station maintenance information management method, specifically comprising:

[0017] Maintenance data acquisition and base station division module: used to obtain the maintenance data of each base station in the current maintenance area during the current monitoring period. The base stations include high-mountain base stations and low-mountain base stations, and the signal coverage range of each high-mountain base station can be temporarily covered by several adjacent low-mountain base stations;

[0018] Base station priority sorting module: used to calculate the comprehensive priority score of each base station based on the maintenance data;

[0019] According to the comprehensive priority score, each base station is sorted to determine its maintenance priority, and the base station with a high comprehensive priority score is arranged for maintenance first;

[0020] Load adjustment mechanism module: used to automatically trigger the load adjustment mechanism of the surrounding adjacent low-mountain base stations if the current high-mountain base station fails and cannot be maintained in time, so as to achieve dynamic signal compensation and network coverage optimization;

[0021] Maintenance path planning module: used to arrange maintenance tasks of related low-mountain base stations according to the priority sorting results when adjusting the transmission power or signal gain of adjacent low-mountain base stations through the load regulation mechanism and if on-site debugging is required;

[0022] Subsequently, the maintenance path planning mechanism is triggered to provide maintenance personnel with the optimal maintenance path to the corresponding low-mountain base station;

[0023] Post-processing module: used to gradually restore the original signal coverage of the high mountain base station after the maintenance is completed and the current high mountain base station resumes operation; at the same time, through the load adjustment mechanism, the signal load of the low mountain base station is adjusted back to the state before maintenance.

[0024] A base station maintenance information management device, the device is used to execute the base station maintenance information management method.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: by introducing a dynamic priority sorting and adjustment mechanism, factors such as equipment health, failure frequency, maintenance difficulty and coverage impact are comprehensively considered to achieve scientific and reasonable maintenance task allocation;

[0026] Intelligent signal coverage adjustment adjusts the transmission power and signal gain of base stations on low hills to flexibly respond to failures of base stations on high hills, ensure network stability, optimize maintenance paths, and ensure the safety and efficiency of on-site operations.

[0027] In addition, multi-objective optimization path planning uses the A* algorithm, combined with path distance and time cost, to achieve the optimal path selection, and updates it in real time to improve the effectiveness and flexibility of maintenance work; the overall process forms a dynamic closed-loop management, which effectively combines data collection, priority calculation, coverage adjustment and path optimization, greatly improving the intelligence and efficiency of base station maintenance in mountainous areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall method flow of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the overall system module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0034] A base station maintenance information management method is applied to a mountain communication maintenance area, and the specific steps include:

[0035] Step S1: Obtain maintenance data of each base station in the current maintenance area during the current monitoring period, wherein the base stations include high-mountain base stations and low-mountain base stations, and the signal coverage range of each high-mountain base station can be temporarily covered by several adjacent low-mountain base stations;

[0036] Step S2: Calculating a comprehensive priority score of each base station based on the maintenance data;

[0037] According to the comprehensive priority score, each base station is sorted to determine its maintenance priority, and the base station with a high comprehensive priority score is arranged for maintenance first;

[0038] Step S3: If the current high-mountain base station fails and cannot be maintained in time, the load adjustment mechanism of the surrounding adjacent low-mountain base stations is automatically triggered to achieve dynamic signal compensation and network coverage optimization;

[0039] Step S4: when adjusting the transmission power or signal gain of the adjacent low-mountain base station through the load adjustment mechanism, if on-site debugging is required, the maintenance tasks of the relevant low-mountain base station are arranged according to the priority sorting result;

[0040] Subsequently, the maintenance path planning mechanism is triggered to provide maintenance personnel with the optimal maintenance path to the corresponding low-mountain base station;

[0041] Step S5: After the maintenance is completed and the current high mountain base station resumes operation, gradually restore the original signal coverage of the high mountain base station; at the same time, through the load adjustment mechanism, call back the signal load of the low mountain base station to the state before maintenance.

[0042] Further explanation: the maintenance data of each base station in the current maintenance area is obtained, and the base stations include high mountain base stations and low mountain base stations, as follows:

[0043] Set the altitude standard in the current maintenance area as follows: obtain the altitude information of the hills to which all base stations in the current maintenance area belong, set an altitude dividing line, mark all base stations above the altitude dividing line as high-hill base stations; mark the remaining base stations below the altitude dividing line as low-hill base stations;

[0044] The selection principle of the altitude dividing line is: to ensure that there are at least two low-mountain base stations around each high-mountain base station, and these low-mountain base stations can be used in combination to temporarily cover and meet the minimum signal quality standard for communication in the area where the corresponding high-mountain base station is located; it should be noted that in a high mountain, a low-mountain base station can be set up on its hillside to reduce the signal coverage blind spot. This is a common practice in the field of base station setting and will not be elaborated;

[0045] Experiment on the division and coverage plan of high mountain base stations and low mountain base stations based on altitude standards:

[0046] In the selected mountain communication maintenance area, a base station division experiment was conducted to optimize the distribution and coverage of base stations. First, the geographic information of all base stations in the area was collected, including the altitude of the hill where the base station is located, signal coverage capability, equipment performance and other parameters. Using a high-precision geographic information system (GIS) and a digital elevation model (DEM), the altitude of each hill was accurately extracted to ensure the accuracy of the data.

[0047] The experimental area includes 10 communication base stations on hills, with altitudes ranging from 200 to 1,200 meters. In order to reasonably divide high and low hills, a preliminary altitude dividing line is first set, and 800 meters is selected as the standard for base station classification. In the experiment, the dividing line is further refined according to the communication coverage requirements to ensure that each high hill base station has at least two low hill base stations nearby and can provide temporary coverage through combination.

[0048] During the specific implementation process, the following steps are designed:

[0049] 1. Acquisition of altitude information: The altitude of the hilltops of all base stations in the experimental area is extracted through the DEM model, and the specific values ​​of each base station are recorded.

[0050] 2. Altitude boundary setting: 800 meters is used as the initial boundary. Base stations above 800 meters are marked as high mountain base stations, and base stations below 800 meters are marked as low mountain base stations.

[0051] 3. Adjustment and verification of critical base stations: For critical points (base stations with an altitude of nearly 800 meters), analysis is conducted based on actual signal transmission capabilities and coverage requirements to determine the final ownership of high and low mountain markers.

[0052] 4. Coverage performance test: The high-mountain base station failure scenario is tested through signal networking simulation software, and the surrounding low-mountain base station combinations are activated in turn to analyze whether their coverage capabilities have reached the minimum signal quality used for communication.

[0053] After the above operations, the six base stations in the experimental area were divided into high hills and low hills, and a temporary coverage test was performed. The results show that the design principle based on this division can effectively take into account the rationality of the deployment of high hills and low hills base stations and improve the reliability of regional communications. The following is a data table obtained after experimental analysis:

[0054] Table 1: Division and test table of high and low mountain base stations:

[0055]

[0056] The table data analysis is: by reasonably setting the altitude boundary and base station division, when each high mountain base station fails, the combination of low mountain base stations around it can provide temporary communication coverage and meet the minimum signal quality standards.

[0057] Signal quality assurance: Data shows that the high-mountain base stations in the experiment successfully met the minimum signal quality requirements for regional communications through the combined use of adjacent low-mountain base stations.

[0058] Improved system reliability: This division method improves the anti-interference and post-disaster recovery capabilities of the base station system, and reduces dependence on a single high-mountain base station during maintenance.

[0059] Based on the altitude standard, the mountain locations of each base station are divided into high mountain base stations and low mountain base stations. At the same time, all high mountain base stations in the current maintenance area are marked as {1, 2, ..., i, ..., n}, where i represents the index of the i-th high mountain base station and n represents the total number of high mountain base stations;

[0060] Mark all low-mountain base stations in the current maintenance area as {1, 2, ..., j, ..., M}, where j represents the index of the j-th low-mountain base station and M represents the total number of low-mountain base stations;

[0061] Maintenance data, including: hardware health status, fault frequency, signal coverage, communication traffic, environmental conditions and traffic conditions of each base station during the current monitoring period, including:

[0062] Hardware health status data, including: transmit power fluctuation, power reliability index, and communication module operation stability;

[0063] The fault frequency is obtained through historical fault records; the time period of the historical fault records in this embodiment is the past year;

[0064] Environmental conditions, including: weather conditions and instability indicators of various hills;

[0065] Traffic conditions are characterized by traffic congestion indicators;

[0066] Based on the signal coverage of each base station in the maintenance data, determine the set of adjacent low-mountain base stations {1,…, m1} of the i-th high-mountain base station, and record the low-mountain base station adjacent to the i-th high-mountain base station as i(j1); where j1∈{1,…, m1}, 2≤m1<M, and m1 is a positive integer;

[0067] For the determination of the adjacent low-mountain base stations of the high-mountain base stations, the adjacent standards are defined as:

[0068] If the signal coverage of the low-mountain base station overlaps with the signal coverage of the corresponding high-mountain base station, and the communication quality (SINR) in this area is measured to be qualified (i.e., SINR>20dB), then the low-mountain base station is deemed to be adjacent to the high-mountain base station;

[0069] Each high-mountain base station is surrounded by at least two adjacent low-mountain base stations (m1≥2) to achieve reliable communication capacity supplement;

[0070] Specific calculation method:

[0071] 1. Calculate distance relationship:

[0072] Using the longitude and latitude data of each base station, calculate the surface straight-line distance d between the high mountain base station i and each low mountain base station j ij ; Use the formula:

[0073]

[0074] Among them, (x i ,y i ) and (x j ,y j ) are the longitude and latitude coordinates of the high mountain base station and the low mountain base station respectively.

[0075] 2. Analyze signal coverage intersection:

[0076] If d ij ≤r j , where r j is the signal coverage radius of the low-mountain base station, then it is determined that the coverage areas of the two overlap; then it is further determined whether the coverage intersection area meets the communication quality requirements. If the communication quality requirements are met, it is determined that the low-mountain base station belongs to the set of adjacent low-mountain base stations of the high-mountain base station i, and any low-mountain base station in the set of adjacent low-mountain base stations is recorded as i(j1); the communication quality requirement of this embodiment is SINR>20dB;

[0077] SINR (Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio) is an important indicator for measuring the quality of wireless communication signals;

[0078] 3. Filter results:

[0079] Ensure that for each high-mountain base station i, there are at least two low-mountain base stations that meet the above conditions;

[0080] If the requirements for adjacent base stations are not met, it is suggested to add a new low-mountain base station on the mountainside.

[0081] For Transmission Power Fluctuation:

[0082] Data collection: collect real-time measurement values ​​of transmit power based on the output of hardware monitoring equipment;

[0083] Define the transmission power fluctuations of the i-th high mountain base station and the j-th low mountain base station as FPD i and FPD j ; The calculation formula is:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, FPD i With FPD j are the transmission power fluctuations of the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station respectively;

[0086] P t (i) With P t (j) are the transmission powers of the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station at time t;

[0087] and are the average transmission power of the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station in the current monitoring period T;

[0088] T1 is the length of the current monitoring period; in this embodiment, the current monitoring period T1 is 1 day;

[0089] FPD i or FPD j The smaller the value, the more stable the base station's transmission power is; FPD i or FPD j The larger the value, the more unstable the base station's transmission power is, and the higher the abnormality of the corresponding base station equipment is;

[0090] For Power Supply Reliability Index (PSRI):

[0091] Data collection: Based on the power data monitoring of each base station, data collection is performed on the normal operation time of the power supply;

[0092] The power reliability index of the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station is defined as PSRI i and PSRI j ; The calculation formula is:

[0093]

[0094] Among them, GDT i With GDT j are the normal operation time of power supply of the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station respectively;

[0095] PSRI i or PSRI j The closer it is to 100%, the more reliable the power supply operation is; the lower the voltage fluctuation rate is, the more stable the performance of the power supply equipment is;

[0096] For the communication module operating stability (Module Operating Stability Degree, MOSD):

[0097] Data collection: Collect the online running time of the communication module in the current monitoring period; the proportion of online running time can represent the operation stability of the communication module;

[0098] The communication module operation stability of the i-th high mountain base station and the j-th low mountain base station is defined as MOSD i and MOSD j ; The calculation formula is:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, ZXT i With ZXT jare the online operation time of the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station respectively;

[0101] MOSD i or MOSD j The higher the value, the more stable the communication module performance;

[0102] For Fault Frequency (FF):

[0103] Data collection:

[0104] Obtain the total number of historical faults within the total duration of the monitoring window through log records;

[0105] Define the failure frequencies of the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station as FF i and FF j ; The calculation formula is:

[0106]

[0107] Among them, GZCS i With GZCS j are the total number of failures of the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station respectively; Tz is the total duration of the monitoring window; in this embodiment, Tz is the past month;

[0108] FF i or FF j The lower the value, the better the base station equipment status;

[0109] For Meteorological Severity Index (MSI):

[0110] Data collection:

[0111] Obtain multiple measured data of the current maintenance area from the meteorological system, including: wind speed, precipitation, humidity;

[0112] The comprehensive score corresponding to the severe weather index of the current maintenance area is defined as MSI; the calculation formula is as follows:

[0113] MSI=a1·SFV+a2·RJS+a3·HSD

[0114] Among them, SFV is the average wind speed value of the current maintenance area; RJS is the average precipitation in the current maintenance area; HSD is the average relative humidity in the current maintenance area;

[0115] a1, a2, a3 are weight factors of corresponding parameters, and a1, a2, a3 are set according to the impact of weather on base stations; and the value range of a1, a2, a3 is (0, 1), a1+a2+a3=1;

[0116] MSI is a comprehensive score of weather severity index. The higher the MSI value, the worse the weather. The weights of different weather factors need to be set according to actual experience. The specific method for determining a1, a2, and a3 is to combine the entropy weight method and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) weight determination method, which will not be described in detail.

[0117] For each hill’s instability index (Slope Instability Index, SII):

[0118] Data collection:

[0119] The monitored displacement of landslide / mudslide is expressed by the surface displacement velocity, the unit is: m / s;

[0120] Vibration frequency, unit: times / T1;

[0121] Surface humidity, unit: %;

[0122] The comprehensive scores of the instability indicators of the hilltops corresponding to the i-th high hilltop base station and the j-th low hilltop base station are defined as SII and SII, respectively. i and SII j ; The calculation formula is:

[0123]

[0124] Among them, WYV i With WYV j are the surface movement displacement velocities of the hills where the i-th high hill base station and the j-th low hill base station are located during the current monitoring period;

[0125] NZD i with NZD j are the vibration frequencies of the hills where the i-th high hill base station and the j-th low hill base station are located during the current monitoring period;

[0126] DBSD i With DBSD j are the surface humidity of the hills where the i-th high hill base station and the j-th low hill base station are located during the current monitoring period;

[0127] b1, b2, b3 are weight factors of corresponding parameters, and b1, b2, b3 are set according to the impact of weather on base stations; and the value ranges of b1, b2, b3 are all (0,1), b1+b2+b3=1; the specific determination method of b1, b2, b3 is: the weight determination method combining entropy weight method and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), which will not be described in detail;

[0128] SII i or SII j The higher the value, the more unstable the corresponding mountain is;

[0129] For Traffic Congestion Index (TCI):

[0130] Data collection:

[0131] Actual vehicle speed from traffic data, unit: km / h;

[0132] Normal vehicle speeds on the roads corresponding to each hilltop;

[0133] Length of congestion-prone areas and total length of road sections;

[0134] The comprehensive scores corresponding to the traffic congestion index of the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station are defined as TCIZ i and TCIZ j ; The calculation formula is:

[0135]

[0136] Among them, TCI V(i) With TCI V(j) are the vehicle speed factors of the maintenance vehicle arriving at the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station during the current monitoring period;

[0137] TCI YD(i) With TCI YD(j) are the road congestion factors of the maintenance vehicle arriving at the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station during the current monitoring period;

[0138] c1 and c2 are weight factors of corresponding parameters, and c1 and c2 are set according to the impact of weather on base stations; and the value range of c1 and c2 is (0,1), c1+c2=1; the specific determination method of c1 and c2 is: the weight determination method combining entropy weight method and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), which will not be described in detail;

[0139] The vehicle speed factor is:

[0140]

[0141] The road congestion factor is:

[0142]

[0143] Among them, in the current monitoring period, VS (i) With VS (j) are the actual speeds of the maintenance vehicle arriving at the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station respectively;

[0144] In the current monitoring period, VZ (i) With VZ (j) are the normal speeds of the maintenance vehicle arriving at the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station respectively; the normal speed is determined based on the average of the historical speeds; the historical speed is: the average speed of the road section when it was not blocked in the past;

[0145] In the current monitoring period, LSD (i) With LSD (j) are the lengths of the blocked road sections where the maintenance vehicle arrives at the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station respectively;

[0146] In the current monitoring period, LZD (i) With LZD (j) are the total lengths of the road sections for the maintenance vehicle to reach the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station respectively;

[0147] TCIZ i or TCIZ j The lower the value, the smoother the traffic flow on the corresponding hill.

[0148] Further description: based on the maintenance data, calculating the comprehensive priority score of each base station and prioritizing the base stations specifically includes:

[0149] Obtain hardware health status data and fault frequency of each base station for analysis to calculate a first equipment health coefficient and a second equipment health coefficient, wherein the first equipment health coefficient and the second equipment health coefficient are used to describe the equipment health status of the high-mountain base station and the low-mountain base station, respectively;

[0150] Define the first equipment health coefficient of the i-th high mountain base station as HC i , the second equipment health coefficient of the jth low-mountain base station is HC j ; The calculation formula is as follows:

[0151]

[0152] Among them, FPD′ i , PSRI′ i ,MOSD′ i and FF′i All of them are output values ​​that are limited to the interval (0,1) through the sigmoid function or the minimum and maximum normalization (Min-Max Normalization); FPD′ i , PSRI′ i ,MOSD′ i and FF′ i They represent the transmission power fluctuation, power supply reliability index, communication module operation stability and fault frequency of the i-th high mountain base station after the result is limited;

[0153] FPD′ j , PSRI′ j ,MOSD′ j and FF′ j All of them are output values ​​that are limited to the interval (0,1) through the sigmoid function or the minimum and maximum normalization (Min-MaxNormalization); FPD′ j , PSRI′ j ,MOSD′ j and FF′ j They represent the transmission power fluctuation, power supply reliability index, communication module operation stability and fault frequency of the j-th low-mountain base station after the results are limited;

[0154] d1, d2, d3 and d4 represent the weight coefficients of the parameters in the first equipment health coefficient respectively, and d1+d2+d3+d4=1, and the value ranges of d1, d2, d3 and d4 are all within the interval (0,1);

[0155] d5, d6, d7 and d8 represent the weight coefficients of the parameters in the health coefficient of the second equipment, respectively, and d5+d6+d7+d8=1, and the value ranges of d5, d6, d7 and d8 are all within the interval (0,1);

[0156] For {d1, d2, d3, d4} and {d5, d6, d7, d8}, the weights are determined by combining the entropy weight method and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP);

[0157] Setting HC i With HC j The value range of is (0,1);

[0158] HC i or HC j The closer it is to 0, the worse the health status of the corresponding base station equipment is;

[0159] The parameters of the corresponding base station are as follows:

[0160] If FPD′ jor FF j The closer ′ is to 1, the more unstable the transmission power of the corresponding base station is or the higher the fault frequency is;

[0161] If PSRI′ j or MOSD′ j The closer it is to 0, the less reliable the power supply of the corresponding base station is or the more unstable the performance of the communication module is.

[0162] HC i or HC j The closer it is to 1, the better the health status of the corresponding base station equipment;

[0163] The parameters of the corresponding base station are as follows:

[0164] If FPD′ j or FF′ j The closer it is to 0, the more stable the corresponding base station's transmission power is or the lower the fault frequency is;

[0165] If PSRI′ j or MOSD′ j The closer it is to 1, the more reliable the power supply of the corresponding base station is or the more stable the performance of the communication module is.

[0166] Obtaining environmental conditions and traffic status data of each base station for analysis to calculate a first maintenance difficulty coefficient and a second maintenance difficulty coefficient, wherein the first maintenance difficulty coefficient and the second maintenance difficulty coefficient are used to describe the maintenance difficulty of a high-mountain base station and a low-mountain base station, respectively;

[0167] Define the first maintenance difficulty coefficient of the i-th high mountain base station as WHD i , the second maintenance difficulty coefficient of the jth low-mountain base station is WHD j ; The calculation formula is as follows:

[0168]

[0169] Among them, MSI′ i , TCIZ′ i , SII′ i Both are output values ​​that are limited to the interval (0,1) through the sigmoid function or the minimum and maximum normalization (Min-MaxNormalization); MSI′ i , TCIZ′ i , SII′ i They represent the comprehensive scores of the weather conditions, traffic congestion and instability indicators of the ith high mountain base station after the results are qualified.

[0170] MSI′ j, TCIZ′ j , SII′ j Both are output values ​​that are limited to the interval (0,1) through the sigmoid function or the minimum and maximum normalization (Min-MaxNormalization); MSI′ j , TCIZ′ j , SII′ j They represent the weather severity index of the j-th low-mountain base station after the result qualification, as well as the comprehensive score values ​​corresponding to the traffic congestion index and the instability state index;

[0171] e1, e2, e3 represent the weight coefficients of the parameters in the first maintenance difficulty coefficient, and e1+e2+e3=1, and the value ranges of e1, e2, e3 are all within the interval (0,1);

[0172] e4, e5, e6 represent the weight coefficients of the parameters in the second maintenance difficulty coefficient, and e4+e5+e6=1, and the value ranges of e4, e5, e6 are all within the interval (0,1);

[0173] For {e1, e2, e3} and {e4, e5, e6}, the weights are determined by combining the entropy weight method and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP);

[0174] Setting WHD i With WHD j The value range of is (0,1);

[0175] WHD i or WHD j The closer it is to 0, the more difficult it is to maintain the corresponding base station;

[0176] The parameters of the corresponding base station are as follows:

[0177] If MSI′ or TCIZ′ i or SII′ i The closer it is to 1, the worse the weather at the corresponding base station is, the less smooth the traffic flow is, or the more unstable the mountain is;

[0178] WHD i or WHD j The closer it is to 1, the lower the maintenance difficulty of the corresponding base station;

[0179] The parameters of the corresponding base station are as follows:

[0180] If MSI′ i or TCIZ′ i or SII′ i The closer it is to 0, the better the weather at the corresponding base station, the smoother the traffic flow, or the more stable the mountain.

[0181] The signal coverage range and communication traffic data of each base station are obtained and analyzed to calculate a first coverage influence coefficient and a second coverage influence coefficient, wherein the first coverage influence coefficient and the second coverage influence coefficient are used to describe the signal coverage influence range levels of the high mountain base station and the low mountain base station respectively;

[0182] The signal coverage range is represented as the effective coverage area, and the effective coverage areas of the i-th high mountain base station and the j-th low mountain base station are denoted as A i and A j ; The calculation formula is as follows:

[0183]

[0184] Among them, r i With r j are the signal coverage radius of the i-th high mountain base station and the j-th low mountain base station respectively;

[0185] The communication traffic is represented as traffic carrying capacity, and the traffic carrying capacity of the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station are denoted as CL i and CL j ; The calculation formula is as follows:

[0186]

[0187] Among them, DKN i With DKN j are the total bandwidths allocated to the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station respectively;

[0188] SNR i With SNR j are the signal-to-noise ratios of the i-th high-mountain base station and the j-th low-mountain base station, respectively, which represent the ratio of signal power to noise power.

[0189] Define the first coverage influence coefficient of the i-th high mountain base station as FGX i , the second coverage influence coefficient of the jth low-mountain base station is FGX j ; The calculation formula is as follows:

[0190]

[0191] Among them, A′ i , CL′ i All of them are output values ​​that are limited to the interval (0,1) through the sigmoid function or the minimum and maximum normalization (Min-MaxNormalization); A′ i , CL′ iThey represent the effective coverage area and traffic carrying capacity of the i-th high mountain base station after the result limitation;

[0192] A′ j , CL′ j All of them are output values ​​that are limited to the interval (0,1) through the sigmoid function or the minimum and maximum normalization (Min-Max Normalization); A′ j , CL′ j They represent the effective coverage area and traffic carrying capacity of the j-th low-mountain base station after the result limitation;

[0193] f1, f2 represent the weight coefficients of the parameters in the first coverage influence coefficient, and f1+f2=1, and the value ranges of f1 and f2 are both within the interval (0,1);

[0194] f3, f4 represent the weight coefficients of the parameters in the second coverage influence coefficient, and f3+f4=1, and the value ranges of f3 and f4 are both within the interval (0,1);

[0195] For {f1, f2} and {f3, f4}, the weights are determined by combining the entropy weight method and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP);

[0196] Setting FGX i With FGX j The value range of is (0,1);

[0197] FGX i or FGX j The closer it is to 0, the smaller the signal coverage impact range of the corresponding base station is.

[0198] The parameters of the corresponding base station are as follows:

[0199] If A′ i or CL′ i The closer it is to 0, the smaller the effective coverage area of ​​the corresponding base station is or the weaker the traffic carrying capacity is;

[0200] FGX i or FGX j The closer it is to 1, the greater the signal coverage impact level of the corresponding base station;

[0201] In this embodiment, the signal coverage impact range level intervals are defined as: low range level (0, 0.35), medium range level [0.35, 0.75), high range level [0.75, 1);

[0202] Low range level (0, 0.35): Indicates that in mountainous terrain, if the base station's signal coverage level is low, it is often seen when it is blocked by other hills, the terrain is complex, or the coverage target area is small.

[0203] Actual scenario example:

[0204] 1. Remote farmland monitoring sites:

[0205] Low-power base stations set up in small farmland areas in mountainous areas have a coverage range of 1 km and are used to support communications for agricultural IoT devices.

[0206] Example: A base station covers a small area of ​​terraced fields or tea gardens with low traffic demand (supporting wireless control of a few sensors or drones).

[0207] 2. Communication sites for single-households in mountainous areas:

[0208] Base stations are used to serve single households or a small number of households that are dispersed (such as home telephones or simple Internet access for villagers deep in the mountains), with a coverage range of several hundred meters and small traffic demand.

[0209] For example, a home base station in a low mountain or ravine can only cover the home and its surrounding area within tens to hundreds of meters.

[0210] For the medium range level [0.35, 0.75): This type of base station usually covers a large area and can meet the communication needs of multiple scattered villages, wireless sensing devices or medium user density in the area. The base station is located on the top of a medium-high mountain and can cover part of the adjacent foothills or valley areas, with a certain traffic carrying capacity.

[0211] Actual scenario example:

[0212] 1. Comprehensive coverage sites in villages:

[0213] The mountaintop base station covers 1-3 neighboring villages, with a typical area range of 1 to 5 kilometers. It serves approximately 50 households and can support a medium number of users making concurrent calls and a small amount of Internet access.

[0214] Example: Base stations on medium and high mountains are responsible for covering the connectivity needs of several villages in the valley, mainly for voice calls and access to the farmland management platform.

[0215] 2. Monitoring stations in forest areas or scenic areas:

[0216] Base stations cover nature reserves or mountain tourist attractions and are used to transmit forest fire warnings, environmental monitoring data or support communication services for tourists. Such sites cover a large area, but due to terrain restrictions, there are signal blind spots.

[0217] Example: Low mountain protected forest signal coverage area, responsible for covering 5-10 square kilometers, for uploading IoT data from forest sensors.

[0218] 3. Medium-sized geological disaster monitoring sites:

[0219] Base stations are used to cover areas prone to geological disasters (such as landslide zones or along mountain roads) and need to support reliable communication between video surveillance systems and sensors. The coverage range is usually 2-3 kilometers.

[0220] Example: Zhongshan terrain covers geological hazard points and surrounding village activity points, and supports data communication for 20-30 devices at the same time.

[0221] High range level [0.75,1]: High range level base stations are located on the top of high mountains and can cover a large area, serving the communication needs in large areas of mountainous areas. Such base stations have a large signal range and are responsible for covering multiple villages, towns and even cross-mountain areas. At the same time, these base stations are often associated with emergency communication support (such as disaster prevention and mitigation, and telemedicine needs).

[0222] Actual scenario example:

[0223] 1. High mountain integrated stations cover multiple villages:

[0224] The base station is located on the top of a high mountain and can span multiple valleys to provide communication services to users in multiple villages or towns. The signal coverage range can reach about 10 kilometers. The traffic carrying capacity is strong and can support hundreds of concurrent users.

[0225] Example: The high mountain site covers three adjacent small villages, towns, and surrounding farmland, and mainly provides voice and 4G / 5G data access.

[0226] 2. Emergency communication support site:

[0227] Base stations are located in key disaster prevention areas (such as mountainous areas prone to mudslides or areas prone to network outages due to disasters) to provide emergency communication services over a wide range. The coverage area is 10 kilometers or more, and the traffic demand is high.

[0228] Example: Base stations cover mountain and river transportation corridors and regional village emergency communication networks, providing signal services for post-disaster recovery and emergency command.

[0229] 3. Coverage sites in large tourist attractions in mountainous areas:

[0230] Base stations at high mountain tourist attractions can cover the entire scenic area and serve the voice, short video live broadcast and navigation needs of hundreds to thousands of tourists. The coverage area can reach tens of square kilometers.

[0231] Example: A base station at the top of a famous mountain scenic spot, with signal coverage for tourists and residents in the entire scenic spot and several small villages around it.

[0232] Table 2 Signal coverage impact range classification:

[0233]

[0234] The parameters of the corresponding base station are as follows:

[0235] If A′ i or CL′ i The closer it is to 1, the larger the effective coverage area of ​​the corresponding base station or the stronger the traffic carrying capacity.

[0236] Combine and analyze the first equipment health coefficient, the first maintenance difficulty coefficient, and the first coverage impact coefficient of each high mountain base station to calculate and generate a first comprehensive evaluation index for evaluating the maintenance priority of each high mountain base station;

[0237] The second equipment health coefficient, the second maintenance difficulty coefficient and the second coverage impact coefficient of each low-mountain base station are combined and analyzed to calculate and generate a second comprehensive evaluation index for evaluating the maintenance priority of each low-mountain base station;

[0238] The calculation of the first comprehensive evaluation index or the second comprehensive evaluation index is defined as follows:

[0239] When the coverage impact range level of a base station is higher, it has a greater contribution due to its wider coverage range; it needs to be maintained first;

[0240] When the maintenance difficulty is lower, maintenance should be prioritized because maintenance is easier and resource investment is more efficient;

[0241] The worse the health of the equipment is, the more maintenance needs to be prioritized;

[0242] The first comprehensive evaluation index and the second comprehensive evaluation index of the i-th high mountain base station and the j-th low mountain base station are defined as PEI i and PEI j , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0243]

[0244] Among them, PEI i and PEI j The value range is (0,1);

[0245] When PEI i or PEI j The closer it is to 1, the higher the priority level of maintenance resources for the corresponding base station.

[0246] When PEI i or PEI j The closer it is to 0, the lower the priority level of maintenance resources for the corresponding base station.

[0247] Introduction of 1-HC i or 1-HC j In the form of ensuring that the worse the health of the device, the higher the priority; at the same time, directly use WHD i or WHD j and FGX i or FGX j As a positive indicator to reflect the efficiency and importance of base station maintenance: the easier the maintenance and the wider the coverage, the higher the importance and maintenance demand of the base station;

[0248] g1, g2 and g3 represent the weights of the equipment health coefficient, maintenance difficulty coefficient and coverage influence coefficient in the first comprehensive evaluation index respectively, and satisfy g1+g2+g3=1; and the value ranges of g1, g2 and g3 are all within the interval (0,1);

[0249] The numerical values ​​of g1, g2 and g3 are determined by combining the entropy weight method and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) weight determination method, which will not be described in detail;

[0250] g4, g5 and g6 represent the weights of the equipment health coefficient, maintenance difficulty coefficient and coverage influence coefficient in the second comprehensive evaluation index respectively, and satisfy g4+g5+g6=1; and the value ranges of g4, g5 and g6 are all in the interval (0,1).

[0251] The numerical values ​​of g4, g5 and g6 are determined by combining the entropy weight method and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) weight determination method, which will not be described in detail;

[0252] The weighting factors control the relative importance of each parameter to the overall evaluation:

[0253] Increase g1 or g4: Health status has a greater impact on priority;

[0254] Increase g2 or g5: Maintenance convenience has a greater impact on priority;

[0255] Increase g3 or g6: coverage has a greater impact on priority;

[0256] This embodiment provides the following example values ​​for reference:

[0257] If the importance of equipment health is high, the weight distribution is

[0258] If coverage is decisive, the weight distribution is

[0259] For PEI i Let's take an example:

[0260] 1. When HC i ,WHD i ,FGX i →0, PEI i ≈g1;

[0261] At this time, the priority depends on the health status of the equipment. The worse the health status, the higher the maintenance demand;

[0262] 2. When HC i ,WHD i ,FGX i →1, PEI i ≈g2+g3;

[0263] Since the health status is good (does not affect the priority), the final priority is determined by the ease of maintenance and the importance of coverage;

[0264] 3. Mixed parameter scenario:

[0265] In this embodiment, HC i =0.6,WHD i =0.3,FGX i =0.8, weight coefficients are g1=0.4, g2=0.3, g3=0.3; then:

[0266]

[0267] At this time, the first comprehensive evaluation index PEI i It is a medium-priority maintenance item, which is mainly affected by the combined effects of health status and coverage.

[0268] Further description, the load regulation mechanism includes:

[0269] Obtain the load margin and priority ranking results of several low-mountain base stations adjacent to the current high-mountain base station;

[0270] Based on these load margins and priority sorting results, by implementing signal load switching, preliminary signal load allocation results of these low-mountain base stations are obtained. The preliminary signal load allocation results are used to adjust the transmission power or signal gain of these low-mountain base stations, thereby expanding the signal coverage area of ​​the low-mountain base stations to temporarily replace part of the load of the high-mountain base stations;

[0271] The range of the signal coverage adjustment meets the minimum signal quality standard of the communication target in the area where the high mountain base station is located;

[0272] Monitor the state change data of the second equipment health coefficient and the second coverage influence coefficient of these low-mountain base stations in real time during the temporary replacement period, analyze these state change data, calculate and generate the load secondary distribution coefficient, and use the load secondary distribution coefficient to provide a dynamic load distribution adjustment strategy for the preliminary distribution results of the signal loads of these low-mountain base stations;

[0273] Detect and confirm the fault of the high mountain base station:

[0274] 1. Real-time monitoring and fault detection:

[0275] Configure monitoring system: Use network monitoring tools (such as NetAct, ZABBIX, etc.) to monitor all high mountain base stations in real time 24 / 7, focusing on key indicators such as signal strength, data transmission rate, and equipment health status (such as temperature and power status);

[0276] Fault alarm mechanism: When the first equipment health coefficient of any high mountain base station in {1,2,…,i,…,n} is lower than the preset threshold, an alarm is triggered, indicating that the current high mountain base station has a fault and cannot be maintained in time. The system automatically records and sends a fault notification to the operation and maintenance team; the preset threshold is HC i The median of the corresponding range;

[0277] 2. Fault confirmation:

[0278] Automatic fault confirmation: After the system detects a potential fault for the first time, it automatically sends a diagnostic request (such as Ping test, remote command execution) to the faulty base station and waits for a response within a preset time;

[0279] Multiple confirmation mechanism: If no reply is received or an error response is received, the system will confirm that the base station has failed and record the type of failure (such as hardware failure, software crash, power outage, etc.);

[0280] 3. Initiate emergency response:

[0281] Once the fault of the high mountain base station is confirmed, the system automatically starts the load adjustment mechanism, notifies the relevant technicians and starts the subsequent steps;

[0282] 4. Identify and obtain information about adjacent low-mountain base stations:

[0283] Locating the faulty base station on a high mountain:

[0284] Obtaining geographic location: extracting the precise geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) of the faulty high-mountain base station from the base station management database, thereby determining the index mark of the high-mountain base station in {1, 2, ..., n}, recorded as i;

[0285] Obtain the set of adjacent low-mountain base stations corresponding to the current high-mountain base station i, and use this to determine the index of any low-mountain base station in the set of adjacent low-mountain base stations as i(j1);

[0286] Get the real-time load information of all low-mountain base stations in the set of adjacent low-mountain base stations:

[0287] Data collection: Collect real-time load information from these adjacent low-mountain base stations through SNMP protocol or API interface, including:

[0288] Number of users: the number of currently connected users;

[0289] Bandwidth usage: current data traffic usage;

[0290] Signal power: current transmit power and received signal quality (such as RSRP, SINR);

[0291] The load margin calculation includes: calculating the remaining load margin of the low-mountain base station i(j1) from the set of adjacent low-mountain base stations {1,…, m1} corresponding to the current i-th high-mountain base station according to the maximum load carrying capacity of the low-mountain base station i(j1) adjacent to the i-th high-mountain base station; wherein the remaining load margin includes: the range within which the transmission power and the signal gain can be extended and adjusted;

[0292] The signal gain is characterized as the signal strength; and the extended adjustment range of the transmission power on the low mountain base station i (j1) is defined as [u1 i(j1) , u2 i(j1 )], and the extended adjustment range of the signal strength represented by the signal gain is [u3 i(j1) ,u4 i(j1) ];

[0293] Get the second comprehensive evaluation index PEI of the low mountain base station i(j1) calculated previously i(j1) ;

[0294] Based on the second comprehensive evaluation index PEI i(j1) Prioritize each low-mountain base station in the set of adjacent low-mountain base stations {1,…, m1}, and the higher the value, the higher the corresponding priority maintenance level;

[0295] The principle that "the higher the value, the higher the maintenance priority" represents is: easier maintenance, wider signal coverage, and worse equipment health;

[0296] Therefore, according to PEI i(j1) The sorting results are as follows: First, the base stations that meet the HC i(j1)≤0.35 low mountain base stations, and select PEI from the selected low mountain base stations i(j1) The low-mountain base station with the highest value is selected as the preferred adjustment target; at the same time, the screened set of adjacent low-mountain base stations is characterized as an adjacent low-mountain screening set;

[0297] HC i(j1) ≤0.35 indicates that the second equipment health coefficient corresponding to the low-mountain base station i (j1) is a low value, which means that the equipment health status of the low-mountain base station is poor, which is not conducive to the expansion adjustment of the transmission power and signal gain, so it needs to be eliminated; and 0.35 is based on the evaluation of the expert group system, which can be determined by the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), which will not be elaborated;

[0298] Confirmation of disaster recovery capability: Ensure that the existing service quality of the base station will not be affected after the signal coverage of the low-mountain base station is expanded;

[0299] Determine the load distribution ratio:

[0300] Load calculation: determine the number of users and data traffic corresponding to the total load of the i-th high mountain base station with a fault;

[0301] Analyze the load proportion that each selected low-mountain base station in the adjacent low-mountain screening set needs to bear, specifically:

[0302] Use the minimum load balancing principle: give priority to selecting low-mountain base stations with the largest load margin to ensure that no new overload occurs after load adjustment;

[0303] The steps for applying the minimum load balancing algorithm are:

[0304] Algorithm deployment: Deploy the minimum load balancing algorithm in the load regulation control module to monitor the loading status of the low-mountain base stations in the adjacent low-mountain screening center in real time;

[0305] Load redistribution: According to the load margin of the low-mountain base stations selected from the current adjacent low-mountain base stations, the load distribution of these low-mountain base stations is dynamically adjusted to obtain the preliminary signal load distribution results;

[0306] The range of the signal coverage adjustment meets the minimum signal quality standard of the communication target in the area where the high mountain base station is located;

[0307] For implementing signal load switching: the signal load of each low-mountain base station in the adjacent low-mountain screening set is redistributed through the minimum load balancing algorithm to obtain a preliminary signal load distribution result, which is used to ensure that each low-mountain base station in the adjacent low-mountain screening set can temporarily bear part of the communication load transferred by the high-mountain base station due to a fault;

[0308] Steps:

[0309] 1. Signal parameter adjustment:

[0310] Remote configuration instructions: Through the network management system (NMS), adjustment instructions are issued to the low-mountain base stations selected by the adjacent low-mountain screening center, including:

[0311] In the extended adjustment range of transmit power [u1 i(j1) , u2 i(j1) ], and the extended adjustment range of signal gain [u3 i(j1) ,u4 i(j1) ] to make adjustments;

[0312] Dynamic power control: Use dynamic power control technology to adjust the transmission power of selected low-mountain base stations in real time to meet immediate coverage needs;

[0313] 2. Load distribution and switching:

[0314] Automatically switch user connections: Use the switching mechanism of the mobile network (such as Handover) to automatically migrate some users from the faulty high-mountain base station to the low-mountain base station;

[0315] Traffic redistribution: Ensure that traffic is evenly distributed after base stations on low hills take over users, avoiding new load problems caused by sudden traffic surges;

[0316] 3. Signal quality verification:

[0317] Real-time monitoring of coverage effect: Use signal monitoring equipment or built-in base station detection function to monitor the adjusted signal coverage in real time to ensure that the coverage area meets the minimum signal quality standard (such as RSRP ≥ -95dBm, SINR ≥ 20dB); the preliminary distribution results of signal load are as follows:

[0318] Based on the preliminary signal load distribution results, the signal strength spread represented by the transmission power and signal gain allocated to the low-mountain base station i(j1) is defined as FSGL i(j1) and XHZY i(j1) ; and set the total replacement time required for the low-mountain base station i(j1) to temporarily replace part of the load of the corresponding high-mountain base station as T total ; and the total replacement time T total Divide into multiple consecutive temporary replacement time periods of equal length;

[0319] Define the load secondary distribution coefficient corresponding to the low mountain base station i (j1) as ECP i(j1) , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0320]

[0321] Among them, ΔHCi(j1) With ΔFGX i(j1) are respectively the numerical changes of the second equipment health coefficient and the second coverage influence coefficient of the low-mountain base station i(j1) in the current temporary replacement time period;

[0322] Set dynamic load distribution adjustment strategies, including:

[0323]

[0324] Among them, FSGL′ i(j1) With XHZY′ i(j1) are the signal strength expansion represented by the adjusted transmit power and signal gain, respectively; μ2 and μ3 are the first adjustment factor and the second adjustment factor, respectively, and the value ranges of μ2 and μ3 are both within the interval (0, 1];

[0325] |FSGL′ i(j1) -FSGL i(j1) |∈[u1 i(j1) , u2 i(j1) ] indicates that the extended adjustment amount of the transmit power is within the extended adjustment range of the transmit power [u1 i(j1) , u2 i(j1) ]Inside;

[0326] |XHZY′ i(j1) -XHZY i(j1) |∈[u3 i(j1) ,u4 i(j1) ] indicates that the extended adjustment of the signal gain is within the corresponding range [u3 i(j1) ,u4 i(j1) ] interval;

[0327] Set the initial values ​​of μ2 and μ3 to 0.1;

[0328] When ΔHC i(j1) ≥0, it means that the output value of the second equipment health coefficient corresponding to the low mountain base station i(j1) has not decreased. At this time, μ2 and μ3 can be increased by 0.1 increments until ΔHC i(j1) When <0, stop increasing μ2 and μ3;

[0329] It should be noted that the increase in the values ​​of μ2 and μ3 will make (1+μ2×ECP i(j1) ) and (1+μ3×ECP i(j1) ) value increases, thereby making FSGL′ i(j1) With XHZY′ i(j1)Increase, indicating that the corresponding low-mountain base station i (j1) has room for further expansion and increase; it can provide an adjustment basis for the signal strength represented by the transmission power and signal gain of the low-mountain base station i (j1); and the following calculation formulas for μ2 and μ3 are obtained:

[0330]

[0331] Among them, p1 is the number of increments, and μ2 and μ3 appear ΔHC in the two consecutive increments. i(j1) ≥0 and ΔHC i(j1) When ΔHC is less than 0, i(j1) The maximum number of increments corresponding to ≥0 is taken as p1.

[0332] Further description, the maintenance path planning mechanism includes:

[0333] Generate a candidate set of maintenance paths for adjusting each low-mountain base station in the adjacent low-mountain screening set;

[0334] Use Geographic Information System (GIS) to generate multiple candidate paths that can reach the low-mountain base station that needs to be adjusted;

[0335] Evaluate the path length, path safety, time cost and smoothness of each candidate path;

[0336] Manually eliminate paths that do not meet safety requirements and retain several high-security candidate paths;

[0337] Optimize the retained high-security candidate paths and select the best path;

[0338] Determine the index of any path in the high-security candidate path as p′, use the A* algorithm to perform multi-objective optimization on the candidate paths generated in the high-security candidate path, calculate the comprehensive cost of the p′th candidate path, and record it as C(p′). The calculation formula is as follows:

[0339] C(p′)=δ1×D(p′)+δ2×T(p′)

[0340] Where D(p′) is the total distance of candidate path p′; T(p′) is the estimated travel time of candidate path p′;

[0341] δ1 and δ2 are weight coefficients of each factor; and the values ​​of δ1 and δ2 are both in the interval (0,1), δ1+δ2=1;

[0342] In this embodiment, δ1 and δ2 are initially set to be equal; the specific method for determining δ1 and δ2 is: combining the entropy weight method and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) weight determination method, which will not be described in detail;

[0343] The candidate paths among the high-security candidate paths are sorted in order according to the values ​​of the comprehensive cost C(p′), and the candidate path with the smallest value is selected as the optimal path.

[0344] The benefits of this embodiment are as follows:

[0345] 1. Dynamic priority sorting and adjustment mechanism:

[0346] This method dynamically calculates the priority score of base stations by comprehensively considering multi-dimensional indicators such as equipment health, failure frequency, maintenance difficulty, and coverage impact, thus achieving scientific and reasonable maintenance task allocation;

[0347] 2. Intelligent adjustment of signal coverage:

[0348] Adopting technical means to dynamically adjust the transmission power and signal gain, the coverage of low-mountain base stations can be flexibly expanded, effectively responding to emergencies when high-mountain base stations cannot be maintained, and ensuring the stability of the communication network;

[0349] When it is necessary to conduct on-site debugging of low-mountain base stations, the optimal maintenance path is provided to ensure the safety of maintenance personnel and the efficiency of their work;

[0350] 3. Maintenance path planning with multi-objective optimization:

[0351] The A* algorithm is used in combination with a multi-objective optimization method that considers path distance, safety, and time-consuming costs to achieve intelligent selection of the optimal maintenance path, thus improving the safety and efficiency of maintenance work.

[0352] Dynamically update maintenance paths, respond to environmental changes in real time, and ensure the smooth progress of maintenance tasks;

[0353] 4. Closed-loop management of the overall process:

[0354] By closely combining steps such as data collection, priority calculation, coverage adjustment and path optimization, a dynamic closed-loop maintenance management system is formed, which significantly improves the intelligence and efficiency of base station maintenance in mountainous areas.

[0355] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0356] Embodiment 2:

[0357] See also Figure 2 : A base station maintenance information management system, the system is used to execute the base station maintenance information management method, specifically comprising:

[0358] Maintenance data acquisition and base station division module: used to obtain the maintenance data of each base station in the current maintenance area during the current monitoring period. The base stations include high-mountain base stations and low-mountain base stations, and the signal coverage range of each high-mountain base station can be temporarily covered by several adjacent low-mountain base stations;

[0359] Base station priority sorting module: used to calculate the comprehensive priority score of each base station based on the maintenance data;

[0360] According to the comprehensive priority score, each base station is sorted to determine its maintenance priority, and the base station with a high comprehensive priority score is arranged for maintenance first;

[0361] Load adjustment mechanism module: used to automatically trigger the load adjustment mechanism of the surrounding adjacent low-mountain base stations if the current high-mountain base station fails and cannot be maintained in time, so as to achieve dynamic signal compensation and network coverage optimization;

[0362] Maintenance path planning module: used to arrange maintenance tasks of related low-mountain base stations according to the priority sorting results when adjusting the transmission power or signal gain of adjacent low-mountain base stations through the load regulation mechanism and if on-site debugging is required;

[0363] Subsequently, the maintenance path planning mechanism is triggered to provide maintenance personnel with the optimal maintenance path to the corresponding low-mountain base station;

[0364] Post-processing module: used to gradually restore the original signal coverage of the high mountain base station after the maintenance is completed and the current high mountain base station resumes operation; at the same time, through the load adjustment mechanism, the signal load of the low mountain base station is adjusted back to the state before maintenance.

[0365] Embodiment three:

[0366] A base station maintenance information management device, the device is used to execute the base station maintenance information management method.

[0367] Through the above description of the implementation method, the technicians in the relevant field can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented by means of software and necessary general hardware, and of course it can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer floppy disk, read-only memory (ReadOnly, Memory, ROM), random access memory (RandomAccessMemory, RAM), flash memory (FLASH), hard disk or optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform the methods of various embodiments of the present invention.

[0368] If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0369] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses.

[0370] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering, or processing in another suitable manner as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0371] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc. It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0372] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A base station maintenance information management method, applied to mountain communication maintenance areas, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step S1: Obtain maintenance data of each base station in the current maintenance area during the current monitoring period, wherein the base stations include high-mountain base stations and low-mountain base stations, and the signal coverage range of each high-mountain base station can be temporarily covered by several adjacent low-mountain base stations; Step S2: Calculating a comprehensive priority score of each base station based on the maintenance data; According to the comprehensive priority score, each base station is sorted to determine its maintenance priority, and the base station with a high comprehensive priority score is arranged for maintenance first; Step S3: If the current high-mountain base station fails and cannot be maintained in time, the load adjustment mechanism of the surrounding adjacent low-mountain base stations is automatically triggered to achieve dynamic signal compensation and network coverage optimization; Step S4: when adjusting the transmission power or signal gain of the adjacent low-mountain base station through the load adjustment mechanism, if on-site debugging is required, the maintenance tasks of the relevant low-mountain base station are arranged according to the priority sorting result; Subsequently, the maintenance path planning mechanism is triggered to provide maintenance personnel with the optimal maintenance path to the corresponding low-mountain base station; Step S5: After the maintenance is completed and the current high mountain base station resumes operation, gradually restore the original signal coverage of the high mountain base station; at the same time, through the load adjustment mechanism, call back the signal load of the low mountain base station to the state before maintenance.

2. A base station maintenance information management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain maintenance data of each base station in the current maintenance area, including high-mountain base stations and low-mountain base stations, as follows: Based on the altitude standard, the mountain locations of each base station are divided into high mountain base stations and low mountain base stations. At the same time, all high mountain base stations in the current maintenance area are marked as {1, 2, ..., i, ..., n}, where i represents the index of the i-th high mountain base station and n represents the total number of high mountain base stations; Mark all low-mountain base stations in the current maintenance area as {1, 2, ..., j, ..., M}, where j represents the index of the j-th low-mountain base station and M represents the total number of low-mountain base stations; Maintenance data, including: hardware health status, fault frequency, signal coverage, communication traffic, environmental conditions and traffic conditions of each base station during the current monitoring period, including: Hardware health status data, including: transmit power fluctuation, power supply reliability index, and communication module operation stability; The fault frequency is obtained through historical fault records; Environmental conditions, including: weather conditions and instability indicators of various hills; Traffic conditions are characterized by traffic congestion indicators; Based on the signal coverage range of each base station in the maintenance data, determine the set of adjacent low-mountain base stations {1,…, m1} of the i-th high-mountain base station, and record the low-mountain base station adjacent to the i-th high-mountain base station as i(j1); where j1∈{1,…, m1}, 2≤m1<M, and m1 is a positive integer.

3. A base station maintenance information management method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Based on the maintenance data, a comprehensive priority score of each base station is calculated, and priority ranking of each base station is performed, specifically including: Obtain hardware health status data and fault frequency of each base station for analysis to calculate a first equipment health coefficient and a second equipment health coefficient, wherein the first equipment health coefficient and the second equipment health coefficient are used to describe the equipment health status of the high-mountain base station and the low-mountain base station, respectively; Define the first equipment health coefficient of the i-th high mountain base station as HC i , the second equipment health coefficient of the jth low-mountain base station is HC j ; Setting HC i With HC j The value range of is (0,1); HC i or HC j The closer it is to 0, the worse the health status of the corresponding base station equipment is; HC i or HC j The closer it is to 1, the better the health status of the corresponding base station equipment; Obtaining environmental conditions and traffic status data of each base station for analysis to calculate a first maintenance difficulty coefficient and a second maintenance difficulty coefficient, wherein the first maintenance difficulty coefficient and the second maintenance difficulty coefficient are used to describe the maintenance difficulty of a high-mountain base station and a low-mountain base station, respectively; Define the first maintenance difficulty coefficient of the i-th high mountain base station as WHD i , the second maintenance difficulty coefficient of the jth low-mountain base station is WHD j ; Setting WHD i With WHD j The value range of is (0,1); WHD i or WHD j The closer it is to 0, the more difficult it is to maintain the corresponding base station; WHD i or WHD j The closer it is to 1, the lower the maintenance difficulty of the corresponding base station; The signal coverage range and communication traffic data of each base station are obtained and analyzed to calculate a first coverage influence coefficient and a second coverage influence coefficient, wherein the first coverage influence coefficient and the second coverage influence coefficient are used to describe the signal coverage influence range levels of the high mountain base station and the low mountain base station respectively; Define the first coverage influence coefficient of the i-th high mountain base station as FGX i , the second coverage influence coefficient of the jth low-mountain base station is FGX j ; Setting FGX i With FGX j The value range of is (0,1); FGX i or FGX j The closer it is to 0, the smaller the signal coverage impact range of the corresponding base station is. FGX i or FGX j The closer it is to 1, the greater the signal coverage impact level of the corresponding base station; Combine and analyze the first equipment health coefficient, the first maintenance difficulty coefficient, and the first coverage impact coefficient of each high mountain base station to calculate and generate a first comprehensive evaluation index for evaluating the maintenance priority of each high mountain base station; The second equipment health coefficient, the second maintenance difficulty coefficient and the second coverage impact coefficient of each low-mountain base station are combined and analyzed to calculate and generate a second comprehensive evaluation index for evaluating the maintenance priority of each low-mountain base station; The first comprehensive evaluation index and the second comprehensive evaluation index of the i-th high mountain base station and the j-th low mountain base station are defined as PEI i and PEI j , the calculation formula is as follows: Among them, set PEI i and PEI j The value range is (0,1); When PEI i or PEI j The closer it is to 1, the higher the priority level of maintenance resources for the corresponding base station. When PEI i or PEI j The closer it is to 0, the lower the priority level of maintenance resources for the corresponding base station. g1, g2 and g3 represent the weights of the equipment health coefficient, maintenance difficulty coefficient and coverage influence coefficient in the first comprehensive evaluation index respectively, and satisfy g1+g2+g3=1; and the value ranges of g1, g2 and g3 are all within the interval (0,1); g4, g5 and g6 represent the weights of the equipment health coefficient, maintenance difficulty coefficient and coverage influence coefficient in the second comprehensive evaluation index respectively, and satisfy g4+g5+g6=1; and the value ranges of g4, g5 and g6 are all in the interval (0,1).

4. A base station maintenance information management method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The load regulation mechanism comprises: Obtain the load margin and priority ranking results of several low-mountain base stations adjacent to the current high-mountain base station; Based on these load margins and priority sorting results, by implementing signal load switching, preliminary signal load allocation results of these low-mountain base stations are obtained. The preliminary signal load allocation results are used to adjust the transmission power or signal gain of these low-mountain base stations, thereby expanding the signal coverage area of ​​the low-mountain base stations to temporarily replace part of the load of the high-mountain base stations; Real-time monitoring of the state change data of the second equipment health coefficient and the second coverage influence coefficient of these low-hill base stations during the temporary replacement period, and analysis of these state change data to calculate and generate the load secondary distribution coefficient, which is used to provide a dynamic load distribution adjustment strategy for the preliminary signal load distribution results of these low-hill base stations.

5. A base station maintenance information management method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The load margin calculation includes: calculating the remaining load margin of the low-mountain base station i(j1) from the set of adjacent low-mountain base stations {1,…, m1} corresponding to the current i-th high-mountain base station according to the maximum load carrying capacity of the low-mountain base station i(j1) adjacent to the i-th high-mountain base station; wherein the remaining load margin includes: the range within which the transmission power and the signal gain can be extended and adjusted; The signal gain is characterized as the signal strength; and the extended adjustment range of the transmission power on the low mountain base station i (j1) is defined as [u1 i(j1) , u2 i(j1) ], and the extended adjustment range of the signal strength represented by the signal gain is]u3 i(j1) ,u4 i(j1) ]; Get the second comprehensive evaluation index PEI of the low mountain base station i(j1) calculated previously i(j1) ; Based on the second comprehensive evaluation index PEI i(j1) Prioritize each low-mountain base station in the set of adjacent low-mountain base stations {1,…,m1}, and the higher the value, the higher the corresponding priority maintenance level; According to PEI i(j1) The sorting results are as follows: First, the base stations that meet the HC i(j1) ≤0.35 low mountain base stations, and select PEI from the selected low mountain base stations i(j1) The low-mountain base station with the highest value is selected as the preferred adjustment target; at the same time, the screened set of adjacent low-mountain base stations is characterized as the adjacent low-mountain screening set.

6. A base station maintenance information management method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preliminary distribution results of signal load are as follows: Based on the preliminary signal load distribution results, the signal strength spread represented by the transmission power and signal gain allocated to the low-mountain base station i(j1) is defined as FSGL i(j1) and XHZY i(j1) ; and set the total replacement time required for the low-mountain base station i(j1) to temporarily replace part of the load of the corresponding high-mountain base station as T total ; And the total replacement time T total Divide into multiple consecutive temporary replacement time periods of equal length; Define the load secondary distribution coefficient corresponding to the low mountain base station i (j1) as ECP i(j1) , the calculation formula is as follows: Among them, ΔHC i(j1) With ΔFGX i(j1) are respectively the numerical changes of the second equipment health coefficient and the second coverage influence coefficient of the low-mountain base station i(j1) in the current temporary replacement time period.

7. A base station maintenance information management method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Set dynamic load distribution adjustment strategies, including: Among them, FSGL′ i(j1) With XHZY′ i(j1) are the signal strength expansion represented by the adjusted transmit power and signal gain, respectively; μ2 and μ3 are the first adjustment factor and the second adjustment factor, respectively, and the value ranges of μ2 and μ3 are both within the interval (0, 1]; Set the initial values ​​of μ2 and μ3 to 0.1; When ΔHC i(j1) ≥0, it means that the output value of the second equipment health coefficient corresponding to the low mountain base station i(j1) has not decreased. At this time, μ2 and μ3 can be increased by 0.1 increments until ΔHC i(j1) When <0, stop increasing μ2 and μ3; and obtain the following calculation formulas for μ2 and μ3: Among them, p1 is the number of increments, and μ2 and μ3 appear ΔHC in the two consecutive increments. i(j1) ≥0 and ΔHC i(j1) When ΔHC is less than 0, i(j1) The maximum number of increments corresponding to ≥0 is taken as p1.

8. A base station maintenance information management method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The maintenance path planning mechanism includes: Generate a candidate set of maintenance paths for adjusting each low-mountain base station in the adjacent low-mountain screening set; Using geographic information system to generate multiple candidate paths that can reach the base station on the low hill that needs to be adjusted; Evaluate the path length, path safety, time cost and smoothness of each candidate path; Manually eliminate paths that do not meet safety requirements and retain several high-security candidate paths; The retained high-security candidate paths are optimized and the best path is selected.

9. A base station maintenance information management system, characterized in that: The system is used to execute the base station maintenance information management method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, specifically comprising: Maintenance data acquisition and base station division module: used to obtain the maintenance data of each base station in the current maintenance area during the current monitoring period. The base stations include high-mountain base stations and low-mountain base stations, and the signal coverage range of each high-mountain base station can be temporarily covered by several adjacent low-mountain base stations; Base station priority sorting module: used to calculate the comprehensive priority score of each base station based on the maintenance data; According to the comprehensive priority score, each base station is sorted to determine its maintenance priority, and the base station with a high comprehensive priority score is arranged for maintenance first; Load adjustment mechanism module: used to automatically trigger the load adjustment mechanism of the surrounding adjacent low-mountain base stations if the current high-mountain base station fails and cannot be maintained in time, so as to achieve dynamic signal compensation and network coverage optimization; Maintenance path planning module: used to arrange maintenance tasks of related low-mountain base stations according to the priority sorting results when adjusting the transmission power or signal gain of adjacent low-mountain base stations through the load regulation mechanism and if on-site debugging is required; Subsequently, the maintenance path planning mechanism is triggered to provide maintenance personnel with the optimal maintenance path to the corresponding low-mountain base station; Post-processing module: used to gradually restore the original signal coverage of the high mountain base station after the maintenance is completed and the current high mountain base station resumes operation; at the same time, through the load adjustment mechanism, the signal load of the low mountain base station is adjusted back to the state before maintenance.

10. A base station maintenance information management device, characterized in that: The device is used to execute the base station maintenance information management method described in any one of claims 1-8.

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