Method for improving drilling rate of strong heterogeneity tight sandstone gas reservoir through three-dimensional modeling

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the drilling rate of a strong-heterogeneity tight sandstone gas reservoir through three-dimensional modeling, and relates to the technical field of oil and gas field exploration and development, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, building a high-precision speed model; s2, establishing a forward model of the horizontal well area; s3, analyzing and summarizing the geological significance represented by the seismic response characteristics of each part of the horizontal section in combination with the actual drilling condition of the adjacent well; s4, establishing a high-precision three-dimensional geological structure model jointly constrained by well-seismic data; and S5, establishing a lithologic model, and designing a target-entering depth and horizontal section trajectory control method with the highest drilling rate of the reservoir by using the lithologic model. According to the method, technical means in the aspects of earthquake, geology, logging, modeling, guiding and the like are comprehensively utilized, full-process control from horizontal well bore trajectory design to target depth prediction and horizontal section real-time tracking adjustment is achieved, and therefore the effect of improving the drilling rate of the reservoir is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field exploration and development, and more specifically to a method for improving the reservoir drilling encounter rate of a strongly heterogeneous tight sandstone gas reservoir based on three-dimensional modeling. Background Art

[0002] As one of the typical representatives of tight sandstone gas reservoirs in China, the reservoirs in the eighth member of the He Formation and the Shanxi Formation in the Sulige Gas Field are characterized by low porosity, low permeability, and extremely strong heterogeneity. With the deepening of exploration and development, the gas field currently shows an obvious situation of deteriorating resource quality. To achieve efficient development, the development mode has gradually changed from the original mainly vertical cluster wells to mainly horizontal wells. The key to the production of horizontal wells depends on the reservoir drilling encounter rate. Therefore, how to improve the reservoir drilling encounter rate of horizontal wells is of great significance for the stable production of the gas field.

[0003] Currently, there are many studies on improving the reservoir drilling encounter rate of horizontal wells in shale oil and shale gas in the industry. Usually, when deploying horizontal well targets for such oil and gas reservoirs, the selected target thickness is large, the sedimentation is stable, the formation changes between wells are small, and it is easy to predict. The requirements for the target penetration depth of horizontal wells and the accuracy of real-time adjustment while drilling are relatively low. At the same time, currently, the structural prediction of the target layer of horizontal wells for strongly heterogeneous oil and gas reservoirs is based on the seismic structural interpretation of the entire block, and the velocity field is not corrected according to the actual drilled wells in the local small well area, so the microstructural features of the horizontal section cannot be obtained more accurately; in terms of reservoir prediction, the existing research mainly stays at the planar prediction level, and the longitudinal development depth and variation characteristics of the reservoir in the entire horizontal section are not predicted, resulting in that it is easier to drill out of the reservoir during the actual drilling of the designed horizontal well trajectory, and it is impossible to adjust in a timely and effective manner after leaving the layer.

[0004] Therefore, the existing methods and technologies are not applicable to guiding the horizontal well drilling of fluvial strongly heterogeneous tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the Sulige Gas Field. To solve the problems that the physical properties of the tight sandstone reservoir in the Sulige Gas Field are poor, the thickness is thin, the interbeds are developed, and the longitudinal and transverse changes are extremely fast, resulting in difficult improvement of the reservoir drilling encounter rate of horizontal wells, it is necessary to start from two aspects: the wellbore trajectory design before drilling the horizontal well and the dynamic optimization of the trajectory while drilling, to more accurately identify and predict the microstructural features, sand bodies, and the longitudinal and transverse distribution laws of the reservoir at the horizontal well trajectory position. On the basis of this result, a three-dimensional geological model is established to achieve the optimal horizontal well trajectory design and real-time tracking adjustment during the drilling process, so as to improve the reservoir drilling encounter rate of horizontal wells. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for improving the reservoir drilling encounter rate of a strongly heterogeneous tight sandstone gas reservoir based on three-dimensional modeling to improve the reservoir drilling encounter rate of horizontal wells. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the defects existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention discloses a method for improving the reservoir drilling encounter rate of a strongly heterogeneous tight sandstone gas reservoir by three-dimensional modeling. The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the recognition of the micro-structure, sand body and reservoir distribution law in the small well area where the horizontal well trajectory is located in the prior art is not accurate enough, and a method for optimizing the design and dynamically adjusting the horizontal well trajectory is proposed. This method comprehensively utilizes technical means in aspects such as seismic, geology, logging, modeling, and steering to achieve full-process control from the design of the horizontal wellbore trajectory to the prediction of the target penetration depth and the real-time tracking and adjustment of the horizontal section, thereby achieving the effect of improving the reservoir drilling encounter rate.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for improving the reservoir drilling encounter rate of a strongly heterogeneous tight sandstone gas reservoir by three-dimensional modeling, comprising the following steps:

[0008] I. Micro-structure prediction

[0009] S1. Conduct fine calibration of synthetic seismograms for adjacent wells in the small well area where the horizontal well is located, establish a high-precision velocity model, and use the velocity model to predict the micro-structure in the small well area where it is located;

[0010] In the above steps, by carrying out fine calibration of synthetic seismograms for adjacent wells in the small well area where the horizontal well is located and establishing a high-precision velocity model, a more accurate prediction of the micro-structure in the small well area where it is located is completed.

[0011] Preferably, the step S1 includes: through fine calibration of synthetic seismograms of vertical cluster wells in the same well area, fitting the time-depth curves of multiple wells, establishing a high-precision velocity model, and predicting the micro-structure in the small well area where the planned well location is located by combining the velocity model and the geological stratification of the actual drilled well positions.

[0012] II. Prediction of the distribution of high-quality sand bodies

[0013] S2. Establish a forward model for the horizontal well area, clarify the seismic response pattern of favorable sand bodies, and then quantitatively predict the spatial distribution characteristics of the sand bodies and reservoirs in the target interval of the horizontal well in combination with the results of post-stack gamma inversion;

[0014] In the above steps, by establishing a forward model for the horizontal well area, clarifying the seismic response pattern of favorable sand bodies, and then quantitatively predicting the spatial distribution characteristics of the sand bodies and reservoirs in the target interval of the horizontal well in combination with the results of post-stack gamma inversion.

[0015] Preferably, the step S2 includes: establishing a forward model based on the sand body combination characteristics of the drilled wells in the well area, clarifying the seismic response pattern of favorable sand bodies, selecting the minimum amplitude attribute with high sensitivity to sandstone development according to the analysis results of the seismic response pattern of high-quality sand bodies, predicting the planar distribution of sand bodies, and then quantitatively predicting the spatial distribution of high-quality sand bodies by using the results of post-stack seismic facies-controlled gamma inversion.

[0016] III. Analysis of reservoir response characteristics

[0017] S3. Analyze and summarize the geological significance represented by the seismic response characteristics of each part of the horizontal section in combination with the actual drilling conditions of adjacent wells;

[0018] Preferably, the step S3 includes: comparing and analyzing the matching degree of reservoir response characteristics of geophysical exploration data in combination with the actual drilling conditions of adjacent wells, and summarizing the geological significance represented by the response characteristics of each part of the horizontal section, including lithology changes, reservoir changes, and structural changes.

[0019] IV. Establishing a three-dimensional geological model

[0020] S4. Comprehensively utilize the prediction results, analysis results, as well as the geophysical exploration data, actual drilling data of drilled wells, and geological stratification data in the work area to establish a high-precision three-dimensional geological structure model jointly constrained by well-seismic data;

[0021] In the above steps, on the basis of obtaining the above understanding results, comprehensively utilize the geophysical exploration data, actual drilling data of drilled wells, and geological stratification data in the work area to establish a high-precision three-dimensional geological structure model jointly constrained by well-seismic data.

[0022] V. Control of target entry depth and horizontal section trajectory

[0023] S5. Under the constraint of the three-dimensional geological structure model, establish a lithology model by using well logging data and seismic depth-domain gamma data volume respectively, and correct the lithology model to obtain a more accurate lithology model, and then use the corrected lithology model to guide the design of the target entry depth and horizontal section trajectory control method with the highest reservoir drilling rate.

[0024] In the above steps, under the constraint of the above structure model, establish a lithology model by using well logging data and seismic depth-domain gamma data volume respectively, obtain a more accurate lithology model after correction through comparative analysis, design the target entry depth and horizontal section trajectory with the highest reservoir drilling rate through the guidance of this model, and at the same time take into account the smoothness of the wellbore trajectory to reduce the difficulty of engineering implementation.

[0025] Preferably, the step S5 includes: under the constraint of the three-dimensional geological structure model, use the gamma curve in the well logging data of adjacent drilled wells to establish Lithology Model 1; at the same time, establish Lithology Model 2 by using the seismic depth-domain gamma data volume provided by the seismic data, obtain a more accurate Lithology Model 3 after correction through comparative analysis of Lithology Model 1 and 2, and finally design the target entry depth and horizontal section trajectory with the highest sand body and reservoir drilling rate by using the kelly bushing elevation after actual drilling remeasurement and Lithology Model 3.

[0026] Preferably, the method for controlling the target penetration depth and the horizontal section trajectory includes: during the implementation of the horizontal well, the target penetration depth control is a dynamic process. By loading the gamma curve while drilling the horizontal well in the 3D geological model in real time and comparing it with the marker beds at all levels of the reference well, the target penetration vertical depth h and the designed trajectory are dynamically corrected to minimize the target penetration depth error.

[0027] Preferably, the target penetration vertical depth h is:

[0028] h = h 0 -(KB 0 -KB 1 )-(h 1 -h 2 );

[0029] wherein, h is the value obtained by real-time dynamic calculation based on the comparison of marker beds at all levels, h 0 is the designed target penetration vertical depth, KB 0 is the predicted rotary table elevation, KB 1 is the re-measured rotary table elevation, h 1 is the elevation of the marker bed during actual drilling, h 2 is the elevation of the marker bed of the reference well, and the units of the above parameters are all m.

[0030] Preferably, the method for controlling the target penetration depth and the horizontal section trajectory includes: when the horizontal well drills to the top of the reservoir, different trajectory control methods are adopted according to the reservoir development conditions, including:

[0031] If the gas logging shows normal, then increase the inclination to enter the target according to the designed trajectory corrected before entering the target;

[0032] If the gas logging shows low or discontinuous, then continue to drill down to the depth where the gas logging rises and increase the inclination to enter the target;

[0033] If the gas logging has been not obvious all the time, then drill down to a position 1 - 2 m above the predicted bottom boundary elevation of the sand body and then increase the inclination to drill back to the middle position of the predicted reservoir and drill along the layer.

[0034] Preferably, the method for controlling the target penetration depth and the horizontal section trajectory includes: after the horizontal well increases the inclination to enter the target, first drill along the layer according to the predicted formation dip angle. By analyzing the relative positions of the bottom hole in the sand body and the reservoir, evaluate the accuracy of the predicted structural dip angle, and calculate the true formation dip angle in real time to adjust the structural model, providing a basis for the well inclination adjustment in the next drilling process.

[0035] Preferably, the target penetration depth and horizontal section trajectory control method includes: when the horizontal well encounters mudstone or the reservoir is not developed in the well section for more than 50m and does not conform to the model, the latest structural and geological knowledge obtained by drilling tracking analysis is used to update the structural and lithological models in real time to optimize the trajectory of the subsequent well sections, providing a basis for the timely adjustment of the horizontal well; finally, after timely adjustment and recovery of the sand body and reservoir, the implementation of the subsequent horizontal sections is guided by repeated verification and updating of structural inclination and geological knowledge, so as to maximize the improvement of the reservoir drilling rate of the horizontal well.

[0036] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention improves the accuracy of the prediction of the micro-structures in the small well area where the horizontal well is located and the vertical and horizontal distribution of the target sand body and reservoir, obtains more accurate formation dip angles and reservoir spatial distribution characteristics of the target layer in the horizontal section, and reduces the average error of the predicted vertical depth of the horizontal well from 5m to 3m, solving the problem that the reservoir of the highly heterogeneous tight sandstone gas reservoir is thin and changes rapidly, especially the problem that the reservoir development position in the vertical direction and the micro-structure of the horizontal section are difficult to accurately predict, and achieves the good effect of wellbore trajectory optimization design and real-time adjustment, which significantly improves the reservoir encounter rate of the horizontal well.

[0038] After the invention was applied to the trajectory design and geological guidance of 8 horizontal wells in the same well area and the same layer in the Sulige gas field, an average reservoir drilling rate of 79.4% was achieved, which exceeded expectations. Compared with the average reservoir drilling rate of 70.47% of horizontal wells that did not use the invention technology, it has achieved a significant improvement. At the same time, the trajectory of most horizontal wells drilled under the guidance of this technology is smooth and located in the middle and lower parts of the reservoir, which is conducive to well completion operations and later fracturing transformation. Brief Description of the Figures

[0039] Figure 1 This is a specific implementation flow chart of the method for improving the reservoir drilling rate of horizontal wells according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 Predict high-quality sand bodies (i.e., reservoirs) for the horizontal well forward model of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is the actual drilling trajectory of the horizontal well and the sandstone and mudstone prediction model in the specific embodiment of the present invention. Specific implementation method

[0042] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention in combination with the embodiments and drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention.

[0043] This embodiment targets a horizontal well in the Sulige gas field and carries out work such as horizontal well target depth prediction, trajectory optimization design and dynamic adjustment.

[0044] First, by collecting the logging data of adjacent wells in this well area and conducting fine calibration of synthetic seismograms, a high-precision velocity model was established. Combining the velocity model and the geological stratification of the actual drilled well positions, the micro-structures in this well area were predicted. The preliminary prediction results showed that the structure in the middle and front sections of the horizontal section was basically horizontal, and the tail section was inclined downward. Then, by combining the attribute and inversion prediction results, the longitudinal and lateral distribution characteristics of high-quality sand bodies (i.e., reservoirs) in the horizontal well area were successfully delineated. Based on the above understandings and results, a high-precision three-dimensional geological structure model and lithology model jointly constrained by well-seismic data were established. With the help of this model, a horizontal well trajectory with the highest reservoir encounter rate and a smooth wellbore trajectory was designed. During the steering while drilling process, this well used the re-measured rotary table elevation and the calibration of each marker bed to continuously correct the target penetration depth and the designed trajectory. Finally, it was ensured that this well successfully landed at the target interval He 8-3, with a small error in the target penetration depth. During the horizontal drilling along the formation after entering the target, a total of 2 sections of high gamma mudstone were suddenly encountered in the front section of the horizontal section of this well. By real-time loading the logging-while-drilling curves and combining the actual drilling conditions of adjacent wells and the analysis of seismic waveform changes, the lithology model was corrected. It was considered that the two mudstone sections were caused by the thinning of the sand body reaching the bottom, rather than the structural up-dip. Therefore, after this well increased the inclination to recover the sand body, a horizontal drilling strategy was adopted. The reservoir was stably encountered in the middle and rear sections of the horizontal section, and the deterioration of the reservoir in the tail section also conformed to the previous prediction results.

[0045] Specifically, as Figures 1-3 shown, a method for improving the reservoir encounter rate of strongly heterogeneous tight sandstone gas reservoirs based on three-dimensional modeling includes the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Through fine calibration of synthetic seismograms of vertical cluster wells in the same well area, fitting the time-depth curves of multiple wells, establishing a high-precision velocity model, and combining the velocity model and the geological stratification of the actual drilled well positions, predict the micro-structures in the small well area where the well positions are deployed, and achieve precise control of the horizontal section trajectory.

[0047] Step 2: Establish a forward model based on the sand body combination characteristics of the drilled wells in the well area, clarify the seismic response patterns of favorable sand bodies, and according to the analysis results of the seismic response patterns of high-quality sand bodies, through post-stack seismic attribute qualitative prediction, optimize the minimum amplitude attribute with high sensitivity to sandstone development, predict the planar distribution of sand bodies, and then use the results of post-stack seismic facies-controlled gamma inversion to quantitatively predict the spatial distribution of high-quality sand bodies. Combining the attribute and inversion prediction results, successfully delineate the longitudinal and lateral distribution characteristics of high-quality sand bodies (i.e., reservoirs) in the horizontal well area.

[0048] Step 3: Combine the actual drilling conditions of adjacent wells to compare and analyze the matching degree of the reservoir response characteristics of geophysical exploration data, and summarize the geological significance represented by the response characteristics of each part of the horizontal section, including lithology changes, reservoir changes, structural changes, etc., to guide the pre-drilling plan design of the horizontal well trajectory.

[0049] Step 4: Comprehensively utilize the well logging and mud logging data of the drilled wells in the work area, the geological correlated well stratification data, as well as the understandings and results obtained in Steps 1-3 to establish a high-precision three-dimensional geological structure model jointly constrained by well-seismic data.

[0050] Step 5: Under the constraint of the structural model in Step 4, use the gamma curve in the well logging data of the adjacent drilled wells to establish Lithology Model 1; at the same time, use the gamma data volume in the depth domain provided by the seismic data to establish Lithology Model 2. By comparing and analyzing Lithology Model 1 and 2, a more accurate corrected Lithology Model 3 is obtained. Finally, based on the corrected kelly bushing elevation after actual drilling remeasurement and Model 3, the target entry depth and horizontal section trajectory with the highest sand body and reservoir encounter rates are designed. On this basis, the smoothness of the wellbore trajectory is maximally considered to reduce the difficulty of engineering implementation.

[0051] In the lithology model, the lithology classification criteria adopt the empirical values obtained from a large number of actual drilled wells in the Sulige Gas Field. The ranges of well logging gamma values for reservoirs, sandstones, and mudstones are less than 75 API, less than 110 API, and greater than or equal to 110 API, respectively.

[0052] Lithology Model 3 is obtained by comparing and correcting the previous two models. The parts where the two predictions match are retained as the lithology model with high credibility, and the parts where they do not match will be corrected by geological personnel through comprehensive analysis of the geological characteristics of the well area, the actual drilling conditions of adjacent wells, and the well spacing.

[0053] During the implementation of the horizontal well, the control of the target entry depth is a dynamic process. First, select appropriate adjacent wells as reference wells according to the well spacing and geological understanding, including adjacent wells with a relatively large well spacing but the target intervals located in the same river channel; then, through the correlated well comparison and analysis of the reference wells, select multiple stable lithologies with typical regional sedimentary characteristics or commonly existing in the vast majority of reference wells as multi-level marker beds; finally, by real-time loading the gamma curve while drilling of the horizontal well and comparing it with the marker beds at all levels of the adjacent wells, master the true and accurate structural highs and lows and formation thickness changes of the target entry section and the adjacent wells, so as to realize the real-time dynamic correction of the target entry vertical depth h of Point A (usually select the middle position of the reservoir to enter the target), and minimize the target entry depth error.

[0054] The horizontal well in the embodiment is located in the Sulige Gas Field, and the main target intervals are the He 8 section and the Shan 1 section. Therefore, the lithologies in the upper intervals are mainly selected as marker beds, mainly including: sandstone at the bottom of the Shiqianfeng Formation, peak-shaped mudstone at the top of the He 7 section, flood mudstone at the top of the lower He 8 section, "camel neck" sandstone at the top of the lower He 8 section, dark black high-gamma mudstone at the top of the Shan 1 section, coal seam or carbonaceous mudstone at the top of the Shan 2 section.

[0055] The calculation formula for the target entry vertical depth h is: h = h 0 -(KB 0 -KB 1 )-(h 1 -h 2)

[0056] where h is a value obtained by real-time dynamic calculation based on the comparison of marker beds at all levels, and h 0 is the designed vertical depth into the target, and KB 0 is the predicted rotary table elevation, and KB 1 is the re-measured rotary table elevation, and h 1 is the elevation of the marker bed during actual drilling, and h 2 is the elevation of the marker bed of the reference well. The units of the above parameters are all m.

[0057] Step 7: When drilling to the top of the reservoir, different trajectory control schemes need to be determined according to the development of the reservoir. If the gas logging shows normal, then increase the inclination to enter the target according to the target depth h and the updated designed trajectory; if the gas logging shows low or discontinuous, continue to drill down to the depth where the gas logging rises and then increase the inclination to enter the target. If the gas logging has been not obvious all the time, then drill down to a position 1-2 m above the predicted bottom boundary elevation of the sand body and then increase the inclination to drill back to the middle position of the predicted reservoir and drill along the layer.

[0058] Step 8: After increasing the inclination to enter the target, drill along the layer with a well inclination angle basically consistent with the predicted formation dip angle according to the designed trajectory. Analyze the relative position of the bottom hole in the sand body and the reservoir by comprehensively considering the elevation, cuttings particle size, gamma curve and gas logging change characteristics of the actual drilled well and the adjacent wells, so as to evaluate the accuracy of the structure predicted by well-seismic combination and calculate the real formation dip angle in real time to adjust the structure model, providing a basis for well inclination adjustment in the next drilling process.

[0059] When the horizontal well encounters characteristic points (such as marker minerals, characteristic gamma values, etc.) in the sand body more than twice or situations such as hitting the top or bottom, the formation dip angle α = arctan(H / L) can be calculated by a formula. In the formula, α is the formation dip angle, with the unit °; H is the vertical elevation difference of the same interface twice, with the unit m, and L is the horizontal displacement between the same interface or characteristic points twice, with the unit m.

[0060] Step 9: When situations inconsistent with the model occur during the horizontal well drilling, such as encountering mudstone or the reservoir not developing in a continuous well section exceeding 50 m, dynamically update the structure and lithology models by real-time loading of gamma and gas logging curves while drilling, combined with the latest structural and geological understandings obtained from real-time tracking analysis, providing a basis for timely adjustment and trajectory optimization of the subsequent well sections of the horizontal well. After adjusting and recovering the sand body and the reservoir, by continuously repeating Step 8 and Step 9, the purpose of finally improving the reservoir encounter rate of the horizontal well can be achieved.

[0061] In this embodiment, in the detailed description of this method, some specific and original details are described in detail. For the parts not described in detail, such as the high-precision velocity model, forward model, structure model, lithology model, etc. appearing in Steps 1-4, they are all common technical means and methods in the industry, and those skilled in the art can also fully understand them, so no detailed explanation is given.

[0062] The embodiments of the present invention have been specifically described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalents or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the drilling rate of highly heterogeneous tight sandstone gas reservoirs by three-dimensional modeling, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Finely calibrate the synthetic records of the adjacent wells in the small well area where the horizontal well is located, establish a high-precision velocity model, and use the velocity model to predict the micro-structure in the small well area; S2. Establish a forward model for the horizontal well area, identify the seismic response pattern of favorable sand bodies, and then combine the post-stack gamma inversion results to quantitatively predict the spatial distribution characteristics of sand bodies and reservoirs in the target layer of the horizontal well; S3. Analyze and summarize the geological significance of the seismic response characteristics of each part of the horizontal section in combination with the actual drilling situation of adjacent wells; S4. Comprehensively utilize the prediction results, analysis results, geophysical data of the work area, actual drilling data of the wells that have been drilled, and geological stratification data to establish a high-precision three-dimensional geological structure model that is jointly constrained by well and seismic data; S5. Under the constraints of the three-dimensional geological structure model, the lithology model is established using logging data and seismic depth domain gamma data, and the lithology model is corrected to obtain a more accurate lithology model. The corrected lithology model is then used to guide the design of the target depth and horizontal section trajectory control method with the highest reservoir encounter rate.

2. The drilling rate method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 includes: finely calibrating the synthetic records of the straight cluster wells in the same well area, fitting the time-depth curves of multiple wells, establishing a high-precision velocity model, and predicting the micro-structure of the small well area where the deployed well is located by combining the velocity model and the geological stratification of the actual drilling well location.

3. The drilling rate method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: establishing a forward model for the characteristics of the drilled sand body combination in the well area, clarifying the seismic response mode of the favorable sand body, selecting the minimum amplitude attribute with high sensitivity to sandstone development according to the seismic response mode analysis results of the high-quality sand body, predicting the plane distribution of the sand body, and then using the post-stack seismic phase-controlled gamma inversion results to quantitatively predict the spatial distribution of the high-quality sand body.

4. The drilling rate method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 step includes: comparing and analyzing the matching degree of reservoir response characteristics of geophysical prospecting data in combination with the actual drilling conditions of adjacent wells, and summarizing the geological significance represented by the response characteristics of each part of the horizontal section, including lithology changes, reservoir changes, and structural changes.

5. The drilling rate method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S5 comprises: under the constraint of the three-dimensional geological structure model, using the gamma curve in the logging data of the drilled adjacent wells, establishing the lithology model 1; at the same time, using the depth domain gamma data body provided by the seismic to establish the lithology model 2, and by comparing and analyzing the lithology models 1 and 2, obtaining a more accurate lithology model 3 after correction, and finally using the core filling altitude after actual drilling re-measurement and the lithology model 3 to design the target depth and horizontal section trajectory with the highest sand body and reservoir encounter rate.

6. The drilling rate method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for controlling the target depth and horizontal section trajectory includes: during the implementation of the horizontal well, the target depth control is a dynamic process, and the target vertical depth h and the designed trajectory are dynamically corrected by loading the drilling gamma curve of the horizontal well in real time in the three-dimensional geological model and comparing it with the marker layers of each level of the reference well.

7. The drilling rate method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vertical depth h of the target is: h=h0-(KB0-KB1)-(h1-h2); Among them, h is the value obtained by real-time dynamic calculation based on the comparison of marker layers at all levels, h0 is the designed vertical depth of target penetration, KB0 is the estimated core filling altitude, KB1 is the re-measured core filling altitude, h1 is the altitude of the actual drilling marker layer, and h2 is the altitude of the reference well marker layer. The units of the above parameters are all in m.

8. The drilling rate method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target penetration depth and horizontal section trajectory control method includes: when the horizontal well is drilled to the top of the reservoir, different trajectory control methods are adopted according to the reservoir development conditions, including: If the gas test shows normal, the target will be entered at an increased angle according to the designed trajectory after correction before entering the target; If the gas test shows a low or discontinuous level, continue to probe down to the depth where the gas test rises and add an oblique target; If the gas logging shows no obvious results, drill down to a position 1-2 m above the predicted sand body bottom, then increase the inclination and return to the middle of the predicted reservoir and drill along the layer.

9. The drilling rate method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for controlling the target penetration depth and horizontal section trajectory comprises: after the horizontal well is increased inclination into the target, drilling along the layer according to the predicted formation dip angle is first performed, the accuracy of the predicted structural dip angle is evaluated by analyzing the relative position of the well bottom in the sand body and the reservoir, and the actual formation dip angle is calculated in real time to adjust the structural model.

10. The drilling rate method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for controlling the target penetration depth and horizontal section trajectory includes: when a horizontal well encounters mudstone or the reservoir is not developed in a well section exceeding 50 m continuously and is inconsistent with the model, the structural and lithological models are updated in real time through the latest structural and geological knowledge obtained through drilling tracking analysis; after timely adjustment and recovery of sand bodies and reservoirs, the implementation of subsequent horizontal sections is guided by repeated verification and updating of structural inclination and geological knowledge.

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