Method for improving yield of low-uniformity group of hybrid rice transplanted by machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the low-uniformity population yield of hybrid rice mechanical transplanting, and relates to the technical field of rice planting. Aiming at a low-uniformity group caused by mechanical transplanting of traditional broadcast sowing seedling raising, when the uniformity of a rice mechanical transplanting group is lower than 40%, a method of increasing the sowing quantity, improving the seedling quality, properly increasing the planting density and moving forward the nitrogen fertilizer is adopted, and the forward moving of the nitrogen fertilizer is to increase the application proportion of a base tillering fertilizer. In the production process, the ratio of the base tillering fertilizer to the panicle fertilizer is set to be 7: 3 in total nitrogen application, the yield of low-uniformity rice groups can be effectively increased, the application potential is achieved in the field of rice planting, especially under the condition of low-uniformity rice planting, the yield of rice can be remarkably increased, and the application value is remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rice planting, and in particular to a method for improving the yield of a low-uniformity hybrid rice machine-transplanted population. Background Art

[0002] At present, my country's rice production is shifting towards scale and mechanization. Mechanization is the key to scale, and rice machine planting is the mainstream direction of mechanized production. At present, the technology applied to rice machine planting is mainly blanket seedling machine planting technology. Due to the high efficiency of traditional broadcast sowing, the current machine transplanting tray sowing is mainly based on assembly line broadcasting, resulting in low machine planting uniformity and uneven machine planting, which seriously limits the population yield of rice. Especially for hybrid rice, hybrid rice high-yield cultivation requires less planting. Due to the traditional sowing method of broadcasting, the distribution of seedlings and machine transplanting seedlings are not matched, resulting in a high rate of machine transplanting seedlings missing, uneven distribution of seedlings per hole, and low uniformity of hybrid rice machine planting. The uniformity of the number of machine transplanted seedlings is 30~40%, and the low uniformity of machine transplanting sowing seriously limits the increase in yield. Based on this, in view of the low uniformity of machine transplanting and low population yield, this application intends to provide a planting method that can effectively improve the population yield of hybrid rice machine transplanting under low uniformity, and effectively alleviate the yield limitation problem under low uniformity. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a planting method which can effectively improve the population yield of hybrid rice under low uniformity of machine transplanting, so as to solve the problem that the low uniformity of machine transplanting seriously limits the yield.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a method for improving the yield of a low-uniformity population of machine-transplanted hybrid rice, and the yield of a low-uniformity population can be improved by any of the following methods, specifically including reducing the seeding amount of the seedling tray and / or increasing the planting density and / or moving the nitrogen fertilizer forward; wherein the hybrid rice comprises indica rice and japonica rice, preferably Huazheyou 210 and Yongyou 1540.

[0005] In the method for improving the yield of a low-uniformity population of machine-transplanted hybrid rice provided by the present invention, the low uniformity is lower than 40%; more preferably, when the uniformity is 30-40%, the method can significantly improve the yield of the rice population.

[0006] Preferably, in the above method for improving the yield of a low-uniformity population of machine-transplanted hybrid rice, the seeding amount on the seedling tray is reduced from 3000-4000 seeds / 9-inch tray to 1500-2500 seeds / 9-inch tray.

[0007] Preferably, in the above method for improving the yield of a low-uniformity population of machine-transplanted hybrid rice, the planting density is increased from 12,000 to 13,000 tons per mu to 15,000 to 16,000 tons per mu.

[0008] Preferably, in the above method for improving the yield of a low-uniformity hybrid rice machine-transplanted population, the nitrogen fertilizer is advanced by increasing the application ratio of basal tillering fertilizer, and the ratio of basal tillering fertilizer to ear fertilizer is set to 7:3.

[0009] The method provided by the invention has potential application value in the field of rice planting, and can significantly increase the yield of rice population under the condition of low uniformity of hybrid rice machine transplanting.

[0010] The present invention has the following advantages: The present invention aims at the problem of low group yield under low uniformity and provides a method for improving group yield. In particular, when the distribution uniformity of the number of seedlings per hole of machine-transplanted hybrid rice is lower than 40%, the yield of machine-transplanted rice can be significantly improved by means of "field agronomic regulation measures" through cultivating strong seedlings, increasing planting density and moving nitrogen fertilizer forward, and has application prospects in the field of hybrid rice planting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] Note: The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples are all commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0013] Example 1 Effect of different seeding rates on seedling quality and yield Two hybrid rice varieties, 'HuaZheYou 210' and 'YongYou 1540', were selected, and different sowing rates were set, including treatment 1: 3024 seeds / 9-inch tray under high sowing rate, treatment 2: 2016 seeds / 9-inch tray under low sowing rate, and the seedling age was 25 days. The seedling quality was counted to further study the effect of seedling quality on rice yield under low uniformity. The average number of machine-transplanted seedlings was set to 2 seedlings, broadcast seeding was used, the machine-transplanted uniformity was 30-40%, and the planting density was set to 12,300 holes / mu.

[0014] The results of the effects of different sowing rates on the quality of rice seedlings are shown in Table 1. At the same time, the yields under different sowing rates are shown in Table 2. The results show that reducing the sowing rate of the seedling tray can effectively improve the quality of machine-transplanted rice seedlings, thereby increasing the yield of rice populations under low uniformity.

[0015] Table 1 Effects of different seeding rates on seedling quality .

[0016] Table 2 Changes in yield formation under different seeding rates .

[0017] Example 2 Effect of increasing planting density on yield under different uniformity Two hybrid rice varieties, 'HuaZheYou 210' and 'YongYou 1540', were selected, and two planting densities of 12,300 holes / mu and 15,900 holes / mu were set to explore the effects of different machine transplanting uniformity on rice population yield. The average number of machine transplanted seedlings was set to 2 seedlings, and three treatments were set for the uniformity of the number of seedlings per hole, including treatment one: low uniformity of 30-40%, broadcast seeding and seedling raising machine transplanting, and the seeding amount of seedling trays was 2016 grains / 9-inch tray; treatment two: medium uniformity of 60-70%, strip seeding and seedling raising machine transplanting, and the seeding amount of seedling trays was 2016 grains / 9-inch tray; treatment three: uniformity of 100%, strip seeding and seedling raising manual transplanting, the seeding amount of seedling trays was 2016 grains / 9-inch tray, and the seedling age was 25 days. The effect of increasing planting density on yield formation under different uniformity was studied.

[0018] The results of the effect of increasing planting density on yield under different uniformity are shown in Table 3 below. The results show that under conditions of low machine transplanting uniformity of 30~40%, the yield can be effectively increased by increasing the planting density, but for groups with high machine transplanting seedling uniformity, it is not advisable to significantly increase the planting density.

[0019] Table 3 Effect of increasing planting density on yield formation under different uniformity .

[0020] Example 3 Effect of nitrogen fertilizer forward application on yield under different uniformity Two hybrid rice varieties, 'HuaZheYou 210' and 'YongYou 1540', were selected, and the planting density was set to 12,300 holes / mu to explore the effects of different machine transplanting uniformity on rice yield. The average number of machine transplanted seedlings was set to 2 seedlings, and the seeding amount of the seedling tray was 2016 seeds / 9-inch tray, and the uniformity of the number of seedlings per hole of machine transplanting was 30-40%. Two nitrogen fertilizer management methods were set, including treatment 1 (nitrogen fertilizer forward): the ratio of base tillering fertilizer to ear fertilizer was 5:5; treatment 2 (normal fertilization): the ratio of base tillering fertilizer to ear fertilizer was 7:3. It was used to explore the effects of changes in nitrogen fertilizer management methods on rice population yield.

[0021] The results of the effect of advancing nitrogen fertilizer on yield under different uniformity are shown in Table 4. The results show that under the condition of low machine transplanting uniformity of 30-40%, the rice yield can be significantly increased by advancing nitrogen fertilizer, that is, increasing the proportion of basal tillering fertilizer.

[0022] Table 4 Effect of nitrogen fertilizer advancement on yield improvement under different uniformity .

[0023] In summary, the present invention can effectively increase the yield of low-uniformity rice populations by improving the quality of seedlings, appropriately increasing the planting density and moving the nitrogen fertilizer forward when the population uniformity is lower than 40%. The invention has application potential in the field of rice planting, especially in the case of rice planting under low uniformity, and can significantly increase the yield of rice, with significant application value.

[0024] Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. After reading the above content, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and substitutions of the present invention will occur. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for increasing the yield of a low-uniformity hybrid rice planted by machine, characterized in that: The yield of a low uniformity population can be improved by any of the following methods; Reduce the seeding amount in the seedling tray; Increase planting density; Move nitrogen fertilizer forward.

2. The method for improving the yield of low-uniformity hybrid rice planted by machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low uniformity is less than 40%.

3. The method for improving the yield of low-uniformity hybrid rice planted by machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The low uniformity is 30-40%.

4. The method for improving the yield of low-uniformity hybrid rice planted by machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for reducing the seeding amount of the seedling tray is to reduce the seeding amount of the seedling tray from 3000 to 4000 seeds / 9-inch tray to 1500 to 2500 seeds / 9-inch tray.

5. The method for improving the yield of hybrid rice with low uniformity by machine transplanting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The increased planting density is from 12,000 to 13,000 per mu to 15,000 to 16,000 per mu.

6. The method for improving the yield of low-uniformity hybrid rice planted by machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nitrogen fertilizer is moved forward to increase the application ratio of base tiller fertilizer, and the ratio of base tiller fertilizer to ear fertilizer is set to 7:

3.

7. The method for improving the yield of a low-uniformity hybrid rice planted by machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hybrid rice includes indica hybrid rice and indica-japonica hybrid rice.

8. Application of the method for improving the yield of low-uniformity hybrid rice transplanted by machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 in the field of rice planting.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The application involves increasing the yield of a rice population.