Seeding and seedling raising method for meconopsis carthamus

Abstract

The invention relates to breeding of alpine plant seeds, in particular to a meconopsis safflower sowing and seedling raising method which comprises the following steps: treating seed shells with concentrated sulfuric acid; soaking the seeds in a solution of gibberellin and plant cytokinin under a certain pressure; standing and inducing the seeds in an environment with gibberellin and plant cytokinin; enabling the seeds to automatically adjust the hormone proportion at a low temperature and automatically break dormancy, and then further break dormancy in a low-temperature environment under illumination and further adjust hormones; and then sowing and germinating in a proper environment. The method has the beneficial effect that the germination rate of meconopsis carthamus seeding is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plant breeding, and in particular to a method for sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis punicea. Background Art

[0002] Meconopsis punicea is a perennial herb of the genus Meconopsis in the Papaveraceae family. It is mainly distributed in the Hengduan Mountains and the Himalayan region of China, and often grows in forest margins, meadows and scree slopes at an altitude of 2,800-5,500 meters. The flowers are red, relatively large (8-10 cm), and the petals have a satin-like texture. It is a famous ornamental alpine flower and also a traditional Tibetan medicinal plant, with the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic. Meconopsis punicea is listed as a national second-class protected species.

[0003] As the origin and distribution center of Meconopsis plants, there are currently 43 species of Meconopsis plants distributed in China (there are 54 species of Meconopsis plants in the world, Flora of China). However, due to the remote and harsh growth environment of Meconopsis plants, it is difficult to obtain seeds and propagation materials. Coupled with the difficulty of seed germination, the germination rate is extremely low, and the mortality rate is relatively high during the process from seedlings to adult plants. This greatly restricts the cultivation and planting of Meconopsis plants and also affects the effective utilization of their resources. From the species disclosed in the existing technology, most of them involve a few relatively widespread and adaptable species, such as Meconopsis racemosa, Meconopsis integrifolia, Meconopsis horridula, etc. There is relatively little research on the sowing and raising of seedlings of rare and endangered protected species with narrow distribution areas, as well as Meconopsis punicea distributed under harsh climatic conditions at high altitudes.

[0004] Therefore, the R & D personnel have adopted a method for sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis punicea, which can effectively improve its germination rate and seedling formation rate, make the seeds germinate neatly, and provide technical support for the development and utilization of Meconopsis punicea. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a method for sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis punicea to solve the problem of low germination rate of Meconopsis punicea seeds.

[0006] It should be noted that realizing seed dormancy release by storing seeds at low temperature and using concentrated sulfuric acid to treat the seed shell to facilitate seed shell breaking and germination belong to the existing technology. Therefore, when sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis punicea, the easily conceivable method is to first store the seeds at low temperature, then treat them with concentrated sulfuric acid, and finally sow and raise seedlings. Although this method can improve the germination rate of Meconopsis punicea to a certain extent, due to the fact that Meconopsis punicea itself is in a relatively cold area, the effect of such a method is limited.

[0007] To this end, this program conducts a series of treatments on the seeds before breaking dormancy, and then places them in a low-temperature environment to break dormancy. When breaking dormancy, the various hormones inside the seeds are adaptively adjusted, so that they can germinate more smoothly when they encounter suitable light, soil, and temperature environments.

[0008] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: A method for sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis eryngii, comprising the following steps: (1) collecting and storing seeds: collecting mature fruit pods of Meconopsis eryngii that are not moldy or worm-eaten to obtain seeds;

[0009] (2) pre-treating the seeds;

[0010] The obtained Meconopsis erythrorhizon seeds are placed in concentrated sulfuric acid and soaked for 1-3 minutes, and then rinsed with clean water to initially damage the seed shell; gibberellin and plant cytokinin are prepared into a mixed solution at a weight ratio of (1-3):1; the Meconopsis erythrorhizon seeds with initially damaged seed shells are placed in the mixed solution, and the pressure of the mixed solution is maintained at 1MPa-1.6MPa for 2h-3h before taking out the seeds;

[0011] (3) Sleep disruption treatment;

[0012] Spraying gibberellins and plant cytokinins onto river sand in a spraying manner; mixing the treated river sand with the treated seeds in a weight ratio of (1-3):1, so that the seeds are buried to a certain extent by the river sand, and then storing them in a dark and cool place at 3°C-5°C for 3-5 days;

[0013] Then store the river sand and the seeds buried in it at -18℃~-25℃ for 25 to 35 days, and then store it at -18℃~-25℃ and in light for 5 to 10 days;

[0014] (4) Preparation and sowing;

[0015] Fill the container with soil, which is a mixture of granular soil and peat;

[0016] Sprinkle the mixed river sand and seeds on the soil surface of the container, let the seeds sink naturally to the appropriate depth, then cover the container with plastic wrap and poke small holes for ventilation on the plastic wrap; then place the container in an environment with bright scattered light and a temperature of 10℃ to 20℃.

[0017] Furthermore, the method further comprises step (5), namely, when at least two true leaves of the seedling are unfolded, the pot is placed in an environment with a maximum air temperature of no more than 20° C. and sufficient sunlight for maintenance, and ventilation is maintained and the substrate is moistened until the plant matures.

[0018] Furthermore, the concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 70%.

[0019] Furthermore, in the step (2), the concentration of gibberellin is 100 mg / L, and the concentration of plant cytokinin is 0.3 mg / L 6-benzylaminopurine.

[0020] Furthermore, in the step (3), the concentration of gibberellins sprayed onto the river sand is 100 mg / L to 300 mg / L, and the concentration of plant cytokinins sprayed onto the river sand is 0.1 mg / L to 0.3 mg / L.

[0021] Furthermore, in the step (4), the soil in the container is formed by mixing granular soil and peat, and the soil in the container is divided into three layers: upper, middle and lower, and the lower layer contains more peat; wherein, the soil in the container is divided into three layers: upper, middle and lower, and the upper layer contains more peat.

[0022] Furthermore, the granular soil is a mixture of Kiryu sand: Kanuma soil: Akadama soil in a ratio of 5:2:1.

[0023] For ease of understanding, the core idea of ​​this solution is explained:

[0024] It should be noted that the key to seed germination is that after the dormancy period is broken, the hormones in the seeds are at normal levels and encounter suitable soil, light and temperature conditions. Seed dormancy and germination are mainly affected by gibberellins, cytokinins and abscisic acid. Gibberellins can induce seed germination, abscisic acid inhibits seed germination, and cytokinins can antagonize the effects of abscisic acid.

[0025] In this scheme, ① the seed shells are first treated with concentrated sulfuric acid (to facilitate the subsequent penetration of hormones into the interior, but attention should be paid to the treatment time - to avoid damage to the interior of the seeds and to avoid damage to the seeds at low temperatures when they are broken into sleep). ② Then, the seeds treated with seed shells are immersed in a mixed solution of gibberellins and plant cytokinins, and a certain pressure is maintained in the mixed solution to allow some gibberellins and plant cytokinins to penetrate into the seeds, which plays a role in regulating the proportion of gibberellins, plant cells, and abscisic acid in the seeds. ③ Then, the seeds are mixed with river sand (containing gibberellins and plant cytokinins) and left to stand for a period of time. The river sand plays a role in continuously providing gibberellins and plant cytokinins. Leaving it to stand for a period of time is to allow the seeds to adaptively adjust hormones (it should be noted that the concentration of gibberellins and plant cell division and the treatment time are very important in ②③. The external hormones should not be too much, but they play a role of continuous stimulation - allowing the seeds to adaptively make certain adjustments). ④Then, place the seeds in a low temperature environment of -18℃~-25℃ to break dormancy (the concentration of concentrated sulfuric acid and the treatment time should not cause damage to the inside of the seeds at low temperature during the breaking process). During the breaking process, the seeds are continuously stimulated by the hormones in the river sand. ⑤Then, continue to break dormancy in an environment of -18℃~-25℃ under appropriate light. At this time, the seeds will adjust their own hormones adaptively, but they lack the appropriate temperature and nutritional conditions. ⑥Then, the general sowing method of flower and grass seeds is adopted for sowing and germination.

[0026] The present invention has the following advantages: improving the germination rate of Meconopsis erythrorhizome sowing;

[0027] Since Meconopsis rubra is a high-altitude plant, it requires a very low temperature when it breaks dormancy (compared to traditional plants). At a relatively low temperature, the regulation of its own hormones is difficult to meet the needs of germination when it breaks dormancy. It cannot germinate well under the appropriate care, temperature, and nutrition conditions.

[0028] In this scheme, the outer shell of the Meconopsis erythrorhizome seeds is first processed, and then gibberellins and plant cytokinins that are beneficial to seed germination are infiltrated into the seeds, and the seeds are placed in an environment with hormones - artificially creating a dormancy-breaking situation (but humans cannot intervene too much); then the seeds are placed in a low-temperature environment to allow the seeds to adjust hormones and other substances on their own and then break dormancy on their own (artificially injected hormones play an inducing role); then, the seeds are placed in a dormancy-breaking environment with light - further allowing the seeds to adjust hormones (further weakening the interference of artificially injected hormones); then, suitable temperature, light, nutrition, air and other conditions are created, so that seeds with suitable hormones and other substances can be sown and germinated under suitable conditions, thereby improving the germination rate of seeds. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described below, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] This embodiment discloses a method for sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis erythrorhizon, the steps of which are as follows:

[0032] (1) Seed collection and storage: On August 20, 2024, mature fruit pods of Meconopsis erythrorhizon were collected at the Galitai grassland in Songpan County (3790 meters above sea level), placed in a cool and dark place indoors, and fresh seeds were collected after the fruit pods cracked; mature fruit pods of Meconopsis erythrorhizon that were not moldy or worm-eaten were collected to obtain their seeds;

[0033] (2) pre-treating the seeds;

[0034] The obtained red Meconopsis seeds were soaked in 70% concentrated sulfuric acid for 1 minute, and then rinsed with clean water to initially damage the seed shell; 100 mg / L gibberellin and 0.3 mg / L plant cytokinin were prepared into a mixed solution at a weight ratio of 1:1; the red Meconopsis seeds with initially damaged seed shells were placed in the mixed solution, and the pressure of the high mixed solution was maintained at 1 MPa for 2 hours before taking out the seeds;

[0035] (3) Sleep disruption treatment;

[0036] Spray river sand with 100 mg / L gibberellin and 0.1 mg / L plant cytokinin. The particle size of the river sand can be in the range of 0.5 to 2 mm. Then mix the river sand and seeds in a weight ratio of 1:1 so that the seeds are buried in the river sand to a certain extent. Then store them in a dark and cool place at 3°C ​​to 5°C for 3 days.

[0037] The mixed river sand and seeds are then stored at -18℃ to -25℃ for 25 days, and then stored at -18℃ to -25℃ and in the light for 5 days;

[0038] (4) Preparation and sowing;

[0039] A mixture of granular soil (Kiryu sand: Kanuma soil: Akadama soil = 5:2:1) and peat was used as the germination medium; a ceramic pot (specifications: 22 cm in height, 19 cm in diameter) was prepared, with a three-layered matrix, the bottom layer being a ratio of peat to granular soil of 1:3, the middle layer being a ratio of 1:1, and the surface layer being a ratio of 3:1;

[0040] Sprinkle the mixed river sand and seeds on the surface of the pot, use spray to completely water the germination medium, let the seeds sink naturally to the appropriate depth, then cover the pot mouth with plastic wrap, and poke a few small holes for ventilation; place the pot in a place with bright scattered light (or artificial light) and a temperature of 10-20℃;

[0041] (5) When at least two true leaves of the seedling have unfolded, place the pot in an environment with a maximum air temperature of no more than 20°C and sufficient sunlight, and keep it ventilated and the substrate moist until the plant matures.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment discloses a method for sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis erythrorhizon, the steps of which are as follows:

[0044] (1) Seed collection and storage: On August 20, 2024, mature fruit pods of Meconopsis erythrorhizon were collected at the Galitai grassland in Songpan County (3790 meters above sea level), placed in a cool and dark place indoors, and fresh seeds were collected after the fruit pods cracked; mature fruit pods of Meconopsis erythrorhizon that were not moldy or worm-eaten were collected to obtain their seeds;

[0045] (2) pre-treating the seeds;

[0046] The obtained red Meconopsis seeds were soaked in 70% concentrated sulfuric acid for 3 minutes, and then rinsed with clean water to initially damage the seed shells; 100 mg / L gibberellin and 0.3 mg / L plant cytokinin were prepared into a mixed solution at a weight ratio of 3:1; the red Meconopsis seeds with initially damaged seed shells were placed in the mixed solution, and the pressure of the high mixed solution was maintained at 1.6 MPa for 3 hours before taking out the seeds;

[0047] (3) Sleep disruption treatment;

[0048] Spray river sand with 300 mg / L gibberellin and 0.3 mg / L plant cytokinin. The particle size of the river sand can be in the range of 0.5 to 2 mm. Then mix the river sand and seeds in a weight ratio of 1:3 so that the seeds are buried in the river sand to a certain extent. Then store them in a dark and cool place at 3°C ​​to 5°C for 5 days.

[0049] The mixed river sand and seeds are then stored at -18℃ to -25℃ for 35 days, and then stored at -18℃ to -25℃ and in light for 10 days;

[0050] (4) Preparation and sowing;

[0051] A mixture of granular soil (Kiryu sand: Kanuma soil: Akadama soil = 5:2:1) and peat was used as the germination medium; a ceramic pot (specifications: 22 cm in height, 19 cm in diameter) was prepared, with a three-layered matrix, the bottom layer being a ratio of peat to granular soil of 1:3, the middle layer being a ratio of 1:1, and the surface layer being a ratio of 3:1;

[0052] Sprinkle the mixed river sand and seeds on the surface of the pot, use spray to completely water the germination medium, let the seeds sink naturally to the appropriate depth, then cover the pot mouth with plastic wrap, and poke a few small holes for ventilation; place the pot in a place with bright scattered light (or artificial light) and a temperature of 10-20℃;

[0053] (5) When at least two true leaves of the seedling have unfolded, place the pot in an environment with a maximum air temperature of no more than 20°C and sufficient sunlight, and keep it ventilated and the substrate moist until the plant matures.

[0054] Test Case

[0055] Seedlings were raised in the manner of the above-mentioned Examples 1 and 2: the number of normal seedlings was recorded on the 7th day and the germination potential was calculated; the number of normal seedlings was recorded on the 14th day and the germination rate was calculated. Normal growth refers to the expansion of two cotyledons and normal growth of the bacon.

[0056] Germination potential Gp (%) = (number of seeds that germinated normally in 7 days / total number of seeds) × 100%;

[0057] Germination rate Gr (%) = (number of seeds that germinated normally in 14 days / total number of seeds) × 100%;

[0058] Germination Index Gt is the number of germinations on the tth day, Dt is the corresponding germination day, n is the number of days of the germination experiment, and t≤7d.

[0059] Item 1: All the steps are carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 and Example 2;

[0060] Item 2: No concentrated sulfuric acid treatment is performed in step (2);

[0061] Item 3: No gibberellin and plant cytokinin were added in the soaking step (2), and the rest was processed in the manner of Example 1 and Example 2;

[0062] Item 4: No gibberellin and plant cytokinin were added to the river sand in step (3), and the rest was processed in the same manner as in Example 1 and Example 2;

[0063] Item 5: In step (3), the river sand and seeds are mixed but not treated in a dark and cool place for a period of time, and the rest is treated in the same manner as in Example 1 and Example 2;

[0064] Item 6: In step (3), the seeds are stored at -18°C to -25°C without light for a period of time, or at -18°C to -25°C with light for 5 to 10 days;

[0065] Item 7: Process according to the warehouse management method, that is, collect the mature fruit pods of Meconopsis tinctoria, place them in a cool and dark place indoors, collect fresh seeds after the fruit pods crack, put them in kraft paper envelopes, and store them in a refrigerator at 3-5℃ for 45 days; then test the corresponding germination potential, germination rate, and germination index.

[0066] For treatments 1 to 5, germination potential, germination rate and germination index were measured, respectively. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.

[0067] Table 1 Germination potential table of experimental examples and comparative examples

[0068]

[0069] Table 2 Germination rate table of experimental examples and comparative examples

[0070]

[0071] Table 3 Germination index table of experimental examples and comparative examples

[0072]

[0073] It can be seen from Tables 1 to 3 that:

[0074] Compared with the conventional treatment method of item 7 and the treatment without concentrated sulfuric acid in item 2, the germination potential, germination rate and germination index of the two are basically the same, which shows that the shell of Meconopsis erythrorhizon seeds has a great influence on the germination.

[0075] It can be seen from the comparison between item 3 and item 1 that the comparison between item 4 and item 1 is unknown. When item 3 and item 4 are compared with item 2, when gibberellins and plant cytokinins are not artificially infiltrated, the germination effect is not as good as that of artificially infiltrating gibberellins and plant cytokinins when relying solely on the self-regulating hormones of the seeds of Meconopsis pilosa. In addition, it can be seen that continuously maintaining the environment of meconopsis and plant cytokinins is better in promoting the germination of Meconopsis pilosa seeds than infiltrating meconopsis and plant cytokinins once.

[0076] By comparing item 5 with item 1, it can be seen that before the seeds of Meconopsis eryngii are dormant at a low temperature of -18℃ to -25℃, it is better to let them cool down to 3℃ to 5℃ and continue to infiltrate hormones for a period of time, so that the technology in the seeds can adjust itself for a period of time under not particularly low temperature conditions, and the germination effect will be better;

[0077] By comparing item 6 and item 1, it can be seen that after the Meconopsis tinctoria seeds are broken dormant at a low temperature of -18℃ to -25℃, they are further broken dormant under light and at a low temperature of -18℃ to -25℃, and then the seeds are allowed to adjust themselves for a period of time, the germination effect will be better.

[0078] Therefore, it can be seen that in this solution, the seeds of Meconopsis punicea Maxim. can significantly improve the germination rate after corresponding treatment.

[0079] The above embodiments only represent relatively preferred implementation manners, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis erythrorhizome, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Seed collection and storage: Collect mature fruit pods of Meconopsis erythrina that are not moldy or insect-infested to obtain their seeds; (2) pre-treating the seeds; The obtained Meconopsis erythrorhizon seeds are placed in concentrated sulfuric acid and soaked for 1-3 minutes, and then rinsed with clean water to initially damage the seed shell; gibberellin and plant cytokinin are prepared into a mixed solution at a weight ratio of (1-3):1; the Meconopsis erythrorhizon seeds with initially damaged seed shells are placed in the mixed solution, and the pressure of the mixed solution is maintained at 1MPa-1.6MPa for 2h-3h before taking out the seeds; (3) Sleep disruption treatment; Spraying gibberellins and plant cytokinins onto river sand in a spraying manner; mixing the treated river sand with the treated seeds in a weight ratio of (1-3):1, so that the seeds are buried to a certain extent by the river sand, and then storing them in a dark and cool place at 3°C-5°C for 3-5 days; Then store the mixed river sand and seeds at -18℃~-25℃ for 25 to 35 days; Then store it at -18℃~-25℃ and in a light environment for 5 to 10 days; (4) Preparation and sowing; Fill the container with soil, which is a mixture of granular soil and peat; Sprinkle the mixed river sand and seeds on the soil surface of the container, let the seeds sink naturally to the appropriate depth, then cover the container with plastic wrap and poke small holes for ventilation on the plastic wrap; then place the container in an environment with bright scattered light and a temperature of 10℃ to 20℃.

2. The method for sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis erythrorhizome according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step also includes step (5), that is, when at least two true leaves of the seedling are unfolded, the pot is placed in an environment with a maximum air temperature of no more than 20° C. and sufficient sunlight for maintenance, and ventilation is maintained and the substrate is moistened until the plant matures.

3. A method for sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis erythrorhizome according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 70%.

4. The method for sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis erythrorhizome according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (2), the concentration of gibberellin is 100 mg / L and the concentration of plant cytokinin is 0.3 mg / L of 6-benzylaminopurine.

5. The method for sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis tinctoria according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step (3), the concentration of gibberellins sprayed onto the river sand is 100 mg / L to 300 mg / L, and the concentration of plant cytokinins sprayed onto the river sand is 0.1 mg / L to 0.3 mg / L.

6. The method for sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis tinctoria according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step (4), the soil in the container is formed by mixing granular soil and peat. The soil in the container is divided into three layers: upper, middle and lower, and the upper layers contain more peat.

7. The method for sowing and raising seedlings of Meconopsis tinctoria according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The granular soil is a mixture of Kiryu sand, Kanuma soil and Akadama soil in a ratio of 5:2:1.

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