Brake shoe adjusting device capable of preventing eccentric wear of brake shoe

Abstract

The invention discloses a brake shoe adjusting device capable of preventing eccentric wear of a brake shoe, and relates to the field of brake shoe adjusting.The outer end of a brake shoe body is in butt joint with an adjusting movable preset shaft, and position movement is conducted through butt joint of the adjusting movable preset shaft and external preset conduction equipment; a built-in transverse guide groove is formed in the inner wall of the brake shoe body, a built-in detachable contact piece is installed on the inner side of the built-in transverse guide groove in a nested mode, and the inner end of the built-in detachable contact piece is fixedly connected with a first reset spring. According to the brake shoe adjusting device capable of preventing eccentric wear of the brake shoe, the positioning state of the lateral movable butt joint piece is adjusted in a self-adaptive mode through the auxiliary guide structure, centered type contact speed reduction work is conducted on a contacted wheel from the two sides, and the phenomenon that direct contact type speed reduction treatment cannot guarantee that the speed reduction wear eccentric shoe cannot be guaranteed is avoided; a movable wheel can stably decelerate according to different stress states in the high-speed working process, position deviation is prevented, and stable positioning type speed limiting work on the movable wheel is achieved through a contact brake shoe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of brake shoe adjustment, in particular to a brake shoe adjustment device capable of preventing eccentric wear of brake shoes. Background Art

[0002] Brake shoes are brake parts that directly rub against the wheels to stop the train when the train is running. They are tile-shaped brake blocks made of cast iron or other materials. During the working process, they need to be equipped with corresponding brake shoe adjustment devices for auxiliary work; For example, a brake shoe angle adjustment device disclosed in the patent with publication number CN112758129A comprises: a lever support plate, which is arranged on a brake lever; a through hole, which is provided on the lever support plate; a balancing screw, which is slidably arranged in the through hole; one end of the balancing screw is rotatably connected to the brake shoe support; the other end of the balancing screw is threadedly connected with an adjustment nut; a first balancing spring, which is arranged between the lever support plate and one end of the balancing screw; and a second balancing spring, which is arranged between the lever support plate and the adjustment nut. The adjustment device can adjust the angle of the brake shoe relative to the wheel, solve the problems of the brake shoe adjustment device being stuck, deformed, cracked, etc., and the rigid contact is changed into a flexible contact by the first balancing spring and the second balancing spring, so as to reduce the damage of the brake to the adjustment device; Another example is a brake shoe spacing automatic adjustment device disclosed in the patent with publication number CN211599358U, which includes a threaded rod and a threaded tube. The outer circumference of the threaded tube is covered with a fixed sleeve, a gear plate and a rotating plate in sequence. The outer circumference of the rotating plate is provided with an adjustment piece. The end of the threaded tube away from the threaded rod is provided with a manual plate. One side of the manual plate is provided with a connecting tube. A positioning hole is provided on the outer side of the connecting tube. A fixing hole is provided through the outer circumference of the threaded tube. A fixing assembly is installed inside the fixing hole. The fixing assembly corresponds to the positioning hole. The components of the device are fixed by threaded engagement or by fixing assemblies. Not only is the structure simple, but also the installation is convenient, which facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the components of the device. For example, a locomotive brake shoe replacement and adjustment device disclosed in the patent with publication number CN216098679U comprises: a telescopic assembly, the telescopic assembly comprises a sleeve rod and a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is sleeved in the sleeve rod; a claw plate assembly, the claw plate assembly comprises a connecting plate and a claw, the claw is more than two, the more than two claws are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the connecting plate, and the more than two claws are rotatably connected to the connecting plate, a matching hole is provided on a side surface of the connecting plate facing away from the claw, the matching hole is detachably connected to one end of the telescopic rod, and the claw is used to be clamped with a hand wheel of a brake adjuster; Most of the above-mentioned prior arts have improved their overall structure, and the existing brake shoe adjustment devices are mostly direct contact deceleration devices during operation. However, since the active wheels are very likely to have position deviations according to different stress states during high-speed operation, the contacting brake shoes cannot stably perform positioning speed limiting work, which leads to certain limitations in use. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a brake shoe adjusting device that can prevent eccentric wear of brake shoes, so as to solve the problem that most of the deceleration work proposed in the above background technology is direct contact type, and because the active wheels are very likely to have position deviations according to different stress states during high-speed operation, the contacting brake shoes cannot be stably positioned to perform speed limiting work.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a brake shoe adjustment device capable of preventing eccentric wear of brake shoes, comprising a brake shoe body and an adjustable movable preset shaft, wherein the outer end of the brake shoe body is butted with the adjustable movable preset shaft, and the adjustable movable preset shaft is butted with an external preset transmission device to perform position movement; The inner wall of the brake shoe body is provided with a built-in transverse guide groove, and a built-in detachable contact piece is nested and installed on the inner side of the built-in transverse guide groove, the inner end of the built-in detachable contact piece is fixedly connected with a first return spring, and the first return spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the brake shoe body, a lateral movable docking piece is nested and docked on the outer side of the brake shoe body, and an auxiliary guiding structure is provided between the lateral movable docking piece and the brake shoe body, and the positioning state of the lateral movable docking piece is adaptively adjusted by the auxiliary guiding structure; an auxiliary pressure relief structure is provided on the inner side of the lateral movable docking piece, and the outer side of the wheel in contact is quickly decelerated by the auxiliary pressure relief structure.

[0005] Furthermore, the auxiliary guiding structure is provided with a reserved steel wire rope, and the reserved steel wire rope is docked at the outer side of the lower end of the built-in detachable contact piece, the reserved steel wire rope passes through the inner side of the brake shoe body, and the end of the reserved steel wire rope is docked with the outer end of the lateral movable docking piece.

[0006] Furthermore, a built-in liquid storage cavity is provided inside the lateral movable docking piece, and a reserved one-way atomizing nozzle is provided at the outer end of the lateral movable docking piece. A built-in fitting docking piece is fitted on the inner wall of the built-in liquid storage cavity, and the built-in fitting docking piece is docked with the interior of the lateral movable docking piece. A preset supply channel is provided at the upper end of the lateral movable docking piece for docking with an external supply hose.

[0007] Furthermore, the built-in removable contact piece and the inner end vertical rod are threaded removable structures, and when the built-in removable contact piece is pressurized, the first return spring is compressed to move along the interior of the brake shoe body, and the built-in removable contact piece drives the lateral movable docking piece through the reserved steel wire rope to form a traction structure. When the brake shoe body contacts the wheel through a preset driving structure, the built-in removable contact piece at its inner end will be pre-stressed, so that the built-in removable contact piece is compressed to compress the first return spring to move along the interior of the brake shoe body.

[0008] Furthermore, the lateral movable docking parts are symmetrically distributed about the center point of the brake shoe body, and the lateral movable docking parts form a nested structure along the outer side of the brake shoe body, and the built-in fitting docking parts at the inner ends of the lateral movable docking parts fit and dock along the inside thereof.

[0009] Furthermore, the auxiliary pressure relief structure is provided with a transverse nested docking piece, and the transverse nested docking piece is docked at the lower end of the lateral movable docking piece, and the outer side of the transverse nested docking piece is docked with an external friction detachable part through bolts, and the inner end positions of the external friction detachable part and the lateral movable docking piece correspond to each other.

[0010] Furthermore, a second return spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the laterally movable docking part, and the outer side of the second return spring contacts the inner end of the external friction detachable part. The external friction detachable part and the outer side of the laterally movable docking part are fixedly connected with a magnetic docking part, and the docking parts are laterally nested and slide laterally along the lower end of the laterally movable docking part, so as to form a reciprocating support structure by cooperating with the magnet docking part with the same magnetic pole at the inner end of the external friction detachable part and the inner end of the laterally movable docking part.

[0011] Furthermore, during the inward movement of the lateral movable docking piece, the external friction detachable piece at its inner end is pre-stressed, and the external friction detachable piece slides laterally along the lower end of the lateral movable docking piece through the transversely nested docking piece.

[0012] Furthermore, the external friction detachable part forms a reset support along the inner end of the lateral movable docking part through the contacting second reset spring, and the external friction detachable part forms a reciprocating support structure with the inner end of the lateral movable docking part through the magnet docking part with the same magnetic pole, and atomization and cooling treatment is performed on the outer side of the wheel through the reserved one-way atomizing nozzle on the outside, thereby effectively adjusting the temperature during the deceleration process of the high-speed wheel and improving the service life of the device.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The brake shoe adjustment device can prevent the brake shoe from wearing unevenly, and the positioning state of the lateral movable docking piece is adaptively adjusted by the auxiliary guiding structure. When the brake shoe body contacts the wheel through the preset driving structure, the built-in detachable contact piece at its inner end will be pre-stressed, so that the built-in detachable contact piece is compressed to compress the first return spring and move along the inside of the brake shoe body. At this time, the inwardly moved built-in detachable contact piece will drive the lateral movable docking piece to move inwardly through the reserved steel wire rope, so as to perform a centered contact deceleration operation on the contacting wheels from both sides, avoiding the phenomenon that the direct contact deceleration treatment cannot guarantee the deceleration wear of the eccentric shoe, so that the movable wheel can stably decelerate according to different stress states during high-speed operation, prevent position deviation, and realize the stable positioning speed limiting operation of the contacting brake shoe; Furthermore, as the lateral movable docking piece is forced to move inward, the external friction detachable piece on its outer side will be pre-stressed, so that the lateral nested docking piece will slide laterally along the lower end of the lateral movable docking piece, and the same-name magnetic pole docking piece at the inner end of the external friction detachable piece and the inner end of the lateral movable docking piece will form a reciprocating support structure, thereby effectively performing uniform speed adaptive contact processing according to different high-speed activity states of the wheel, and preventing hard direct contact from causing damage to the wheel; Furthermore, an auxiliary pressure relief structure is provided, through which the outer side of the wheel in contact is quickly decelerated. When the inner end of the external friction detachable part contacts the internally-built-in fitting part while the external friction detachable part is reciprocatingly forced to move inward, it pushes the internally-built-in fitting part to apply pressure along the internally-built liquid storage cavity on the inner side of the lateral movable fitting part, so that it is atomized and cooled toward the outer side of the wheel through the reserved one-way atomizing nozzle on the outside, thereby effectively regulating the temperature during the deceleration of the high-speed wheel and improving the service life of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a half-cut three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustable movable preset axis of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first return spring of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the magnet docking piece of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the external friction detachable part of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure: 1. Brake shoe body; 2. Adjustable movable preset shaft; 3. Built-in detachable contact piece; 4. First return spring; 5. Reserved steel wire rope; 6. Lateral movable docking piece; 7. Built-in liquid storage cavity; 8. Reserved one-way atomizing nozzle; 9. Built-in fitting docking piece; 10. External friction detachable piece; 11. Magnet docking piece; 12. Second return spring; 13. Laterally nested docking piece; 14. Built-in lateral guide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-8 The present invention provides the following technical solutions: A brake shoe adjustment device capable of preventing brake shoe eccentric wear comprises a brake shoe body 1, an adjustment movable preset shaft 2, a built-in detachable contact member 3, a first return spring 4, a reserved steel wire rope 5, a lateral movable docking member 6, a built-in liquid storage cavity 7, a reserved one-way atomizing nozzle 8, a built-in fitting docking member 9, an external friction detachable member 10, a magnet docking member 11, a second return spring 12, a transverse nested docking member 13 and a built-in transverse guide groove 14; The outer end of the brake shoe body 1 is butted with an adjustable movable preset shaft 2, and the position movement is performed by butting the adjustable movable preset shaft 2 with an external preset transmission device; The inner wall of the brake shoe body 1 is provided with a built-in transverse guide groove 14, and a built-in detachable contact piece 3 is nested and installed inside the built-in transverse guide groove 14, the inner end of the built-in detachable contact piece 3 is fixedly connected with a first return spring 4, and the first return spring 4 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the brake shoe body 1, and a lateral movable docking piece 6 is nested and docked on the outer side of the brake shoe body 1, and an auxiliary guiding structure is provided between the lateral movable docking piece 6 and the brake shoe body 1, and the positioning state of the lateral movable docking piece 6 is adaptively adjusted through the auxiliary guiding structure; The auxiliary guide structure is provided with a reserved steel wire rope 5, and the reserved steel wire rope 5 is docked at the outer side of the lower end of the built-in detachable contact piece 3. The reserved steel wire rope 5 passes through the inner side of the brake shoe body 1, and the end of the reserved steel wire rope 5 is docked with the outer end of the lateral movable docking piece 6. The inside of the lateral movable docking piece 6 is provided with a built-in liquid storage cavity 7, and the outer end of the lateral movable docking piece 6 is provided with a reserved one-way atomizing nozzle 8. The inner wall of the built-in liquid storage cavity 7 is fitted with a built-in fitting docking piece 9, and the built-in fitting docking piece 9 is docked with the inside of the lateral movable docking piece 6. The upper end of the lateral movable docking piece 6 is provided with a preset supply channel that can be docked with an external supply hose. The built-in detachable contact piece 3 and the inner end vertical rod are threaded detachable structures, and when the built-in detachable contact piece 3 is pressurized, the first return spring 4 is compressed to move along the inside of the brake shoe body 1, and the built-in detachable contact piece 3 drives the lateral movable docking piece 6 through the reserved steel wire rope 5 to form a traction structure; The lateral movable docking parts 6 are symmetrically distributed about the center point of the brake shoe body 1, and the lateral movable docking parts 6 form a nested structure along the outer side of the brake shoe body 1. The built-in fitting docking parts 9 at the inner end of the lateral movable docking parts 6 are fitted and docked along the inside thereof. When the brake shoe body 1 contacts the wheel through a preset driving structure, the built-in detachable contact part 3 at its inner end will be pre-stressed, so that the built-in detachable contact part 3 is compressed to compress the first return spring 4 and move along the inside of the brake shoe body 1. At this time, the inwardly moved built-in detachable contact part 3 will drive the lateral movable docking parts 6 to move inwardly through the reserved steel wire rope 5, thereby performing a centered contact deceleration operation on the contacting wheels from both sides, avoiding the direct contact deceleration process from being unable to be guaranteed. The phenomenon of wear and deflection of the shoe during deceleration is verified, so that the active wheel can stably decelerate according to different stress states during high-speed operation, prevent position deviation, and realize the stable positioning speed limiting work of the contacting brake shoe; as the lateral movable docking piece 6 is forced to move inward, the external friction detachable part 10 on its outer side will be pre-stressed, so that it can slide laterally along the lower end of the lateral movable docking piece 6 through the transversely nested docking piece 13, and cooperate with the same-name magnetic pole magnet docking piece 11 at the inner end of the external friction detachable part 10 to form a reciprocating support structure with the inner end of the lateral movable docking piece 6, so as to effectively uniformly and adaptively contact according to different high-speed activity states of the wheel, and prevent hard direct contact from causing damage to the wheel.

[0018] Embodiment 2: Based on Embodiment 1, an auxiliary pressure relief structure is also disclosed, and its specific structure is as follows: An auxiliary pressure relief structure is provided on the inner side of the lateral movable docking member 6, and the auxiliary pressure relief structure is used to quickly reduce the speed of the outer side of the wheel in contact.

[0019] The auxiliary pressure relief structure is provided with a transverse nested docking piece 13, and the transverse nested docking piece 13 is docked at the lower end of the lateral movable docking piece 6, and the outer side of the transverse nested docking piece 13 is docked with an external friction detachable piece 10 through bolts, and the inner end positions of the external friction detachable piece 10 and the lateral movable docking piece 6 correspond to each other. The inner wall of the lateral movable docking piece 6 is fixedly connected with a second return spring 12, and the outer side of the second return spring 12 contacts the inner end of the external friction detachable piece 10, and the external friction detachable piece 10 is fixedly connected with the outer side of the lateral movable docking piece 6 by a magnet docking piece 11. During the inward movement of the lateral movable docking piece 6, the external friction detachable piece 10 at its inner end is pre-stressed, and the external friction detachable piece 10 slides laterally along the lower end of the lateral movable docking piece 6 through the transverse nested docking piece 13.

[0020] The external friction detachable part 10 forms a reset support along the inner end of the lateral movable docking part 6 through the second return spring 12 in contact, and the external friction detachable part 10 forms a reciprocating support structure with the inner end of the lateral movable docking part 6 through the magnet docking part 11 with the same magnetic pole; in the process of the external friction detachable part 10 moving back and forth under force, when its inner end contacts the built-in fitting docking part 9, it will push the built-in fitting docking part 9 to apply pressure along the built-in liquid storage cavity 7 on the inner side of the lateral movable docking part 6, so that it is atomized and cooled toward the outer position of the wheel through the reserved one-way atomizing nozzle 8 on the outside, thereby effectively adjusting the temperature during the deceleration process of the high-speed wheel.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brake shoe adjusting device capable of preventing eccentric wear of a brake shoe, comprising a brake shoe body (1) and an adjustable movable preset shaft (2), wherein the outer end of the brake shoe body (1) is butted with the adjustable movable preset shaft (2), and the adjustable movable preset shaft (2) is butted with an external preset transmission device to perform position movement; Features: The inner wall of the brake shoe body (1) is provided with a built-in transverse guide groove (14), and a built-in detachable contact piece (3) is nested and installed inside the built-in transverse guide groove (14), the inner end of the built-in detachable contact piece (3) is fixedly connected to a first return spring (4), and the first return spring (4) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the brake shoe body (1), and a lateral movable docking piece (6) is nested and docked on the outer side of the brake shoe body (1), and an auxiliary guiding structure is provided between the lateral movable docking piece (6) and the brake shoe body (1), and the positioning state of the lateral movable docking piece (6) is adaptively adjusted by the auxiliary guiding structure; An auxiliary pressure relief structure is provided on the inner side of the lateral movable docking member (6), and the auxiliary pressure relief structure is used to quickly reduce the speed of the outer side of the wheel in contact.

2. A brake shoe adjusting device capable of preventing eccentric wear of brake shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary guide structure is provided with a reserved steel wire rope (5), and the reserved steel wire rope (5) is butted against the outer side of the lower end of the built-in detachable contact piece (3), the reserved steel wire rope (5) passes through the inner side of the brake shoe body (1), and the end of the reserved steel wire rope (5) is butted against the outer end of the lateral movable butt joint piece (6).

3. A brake shoe adjusting device capable of preventing eccentric wear of brake shoes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lateral movable docking piece (6) has a built-in liquid storage cavity (7) formed inside, and a reserved one-way atomizing nozzle (8) is provided at the outer end of the lateral movable docking piece (6). A built-in fitting docking piece (9) is provided on the inner wall of the built-in liquid storage cavity (7), and the built-in fitting docking piece (9) is connected to the inside of the lateral movable docking piece (6). The upper end of the lateral movable docking piece (6) is provided with a preset supply channel that can be connected to an external supply hose.

4. A brake shoe adjusting device capable of preventing eccentric wear of brake shoes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The built-in detachable contact piece (3) and the inner end vertical rod are threaded detachable structures, and when the built-in detachable contact piece (3) is pressurized, the first return spring (4) is compressed to move along the inside of the brake shoe body (1), and the built-in detachable contact piece (3) drives the lateral movable docking piece (6) through the reserved steel wire rope (5) to form a traction structure.

5. A brake shoe adjusting device capable of preventing eccentric wear of brake shoes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lateral movable docking pieces (6) are symmetrically distributed about the center point of the brake shoe body (1), and the lateral movable docking pieces (6) form a nested structure along the outer side of the brake shoe body (1), and the built-in fitting docking pieces (9) at the inner ends of the lateral movable docking pieces (6) fit and dock along the inside thereof.

6. A brake shoe adjusting device capable of preventing eccentric wear of brake shoes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary pressure relief structure is provided with a transverse nested docking piece (13), and the transverse nested docking piece (13) is docked at the lower end of the lateral movable docking piece (6), and the outer side of the transverse nested docking piece (13) is docked with an external friction detachable piece (10) through bolts, and the inner end positions of the external friction detachable piece (10) and the lateral movable docking piece (6) correspond to each other.

7. A brake shoe adjusting device capable of preventing eccentric wear of brake shoes according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second return spring (12) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lateral movable docking piece (6), and the outer side of the second return spring (12) contacts the inner end of the external friction detachable piece (10), and a magnetic docking piece (11) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the external friction detachable piece (10) and the lateral movable docking piece (6).

8. A brake shoe adjusting device capable of preventing eccentric wear of brake shoes according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the inward movement of the lateral movable docking member (6), the external friction detachable member (10) at its inner end is pre-stressed, and the external friction detachable member (10) slides laterally along the lower end of the lateral movable docking member (6) through the transversely nested docking member (13).

9. A brake shoe adjusting device capable of preventing eccentric wear of brake shoes according to claim 8, characterized in that: The external friction detachable part (10) forms a reset support along the inner end of the lateral movable docking part (6) through a second return spring (12) in contact, and the external friction detachable part (10) forms a reciprocating support structure with the inner end of the lateral movable docking part (6) through a magnet docking part (11) with the same magnetic pole.

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