Solar simulator angle intelligent control method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of angle intelligent control, and discloses a solar simulator angle intelligent control method and system. According to the method and the system, the initial angle value is read and displayed on the screen, the uncertainty introduced by manual operation is reduced, the azimuth angle, the pitch angle and the rotation speed are accurately calculated and verified by using the calculation equipment, and the effectiveness of input parameters is ensured, so that the accuracy of a control command is improved, the construction of an accurate control command is supported, and the user experience is improved. The motion mechanism is adjusted in real time through the control system, adjustment is conducted according to the set angle and speed, in the motion process, sensor data are continuously read, the change of the current angle is dynamically monitored, and the control precision is judged based on the calculation result. The system can automatically return to a parameter input link to carry out necessary adjustment, and the intelligent control mode improves the adaptability and accuracy of the solar simulator and reduces errors caused by manual intervention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of angle intelligent control, and in particular to a method and system for controlling the angle of a solar simulator. Background Art

[0002] A solar simulator is an important device used in laboratories and research fields. It is widely used in photovoltaic material performance testing, plant growth research, building energy efficiency assessment and other fields. The device can simulate the solar spectrum and light intensity and provide controllable lighting conditions so that researchers can conduct experiments and tests in a constant environment.

[0003] With the continuous development of photovoltaic technology and the popularization of solar energy applications, the market has put forward higher requirements on the performance and control accuracy of solar simulators. Traditional solar simulators mainly rely on fixed light source direction or manual adjustment to control the angle and intensity of light, which not only limits its application scope, but also leads to the instability of experimental conditions and inaccurate experimental results. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for intelligently controlling the angle of a solar simulator, which has the function of reading the initial angle value in real time through a sensor and displaying it on a screen, thereby ensuring transparency and visualization when the system is started and reducing uncertainty introduced by human operation. Secondly, a computing device is used to accurately calculate and verify the azimuth, pitch angle and rotation speed to ensure the validity of the input parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of the control command, supporting the construction of precise control commands, and adjusting the motion mechanism in real time through the control system according to the set angle and speed. During the movement, the sensor data is continuously read, the change of the current angle is dynamically monitored, and the control accuracy is judged based on the calculation results. This loop feedback mechanism means that if the control accuracy is insufficient, the system can automatically return to the parameter input link and make necessary adjustments. This intelligent control method improves the adaptability and accuracy of the solar simulator, reduces the errors caused by manual angle adjustment, and solves the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a solar simulator angle intelligent control method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, read the initial angle value through the sensor and display the initial angle value on the screen;

[0009] S2. Use a computing device to calculate the required azimuth angle, elevation angle, and rotation speed, input the calculated values through the keyboard and mouse of the industrial control computer, and verify the input parameters;

[0010] S3. Construct a control command based on the input angles and rotation speed, and send the constructed command to the motion mechanism through the control system;

[0011] S4. After receiving the command, the motion mechanism starts to adjust according to the set angles and speed. During the movement, continuously read the sensor data to obtain the current azimuth angle and elevation angle, calculate the difference between the target azimuth angle and the current azimuth angle and the difference between the target elevation angle and the current elevation angle, and judge the control accuracy based on the calculated differences. When the control accuracy is insufficient, return to S2;

[0012] S5. Real-time feedback the current angle value and motion state to the control software, and update the user interface to display the current azimuth angle and elevation angle values for the user to monitor in real time.

[0013] Preferably, the formula for the computing device in S2 to calculate the required azimuth angle is as follows:

[0014] θ azimuth = atan2(py, qx)

[0015] In the formula, θ azimuth represents the required azimuth angle, py represents the coordinate value of the simulator in the north-south direction relative to the reference point, qx represents the coordinate value of the simulator in the east-west direction relative to the reference point, and atan2 represents a mathematical function used to calculate the polar angle of a coordinate point.

[0016] Preferably, the formula for the computing device in S2 to calculate the required elevation angle is as follows:

[0017] θ elevation = atan2(hx, dy)

[0018] In the formula, θ elevation represents the required elevation angle, hx represents the height difference of the simulator relative to the reference plane, dy represents the horizontal distance between the simulator and the reference point, and atan2 represents a mathematical function used to calculate the polar angle of a coordinate point.

[0019] Preferably, the formula for the computing device in S2 to calculate the required rotation speed is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, Zdsd represents the required rotation speed, Zdjd represents the angle difference that the simulator needs to rotate, and Sxst represents the time required for the simulator to rotate.

[0022] Preferably, the S2 verifies the input azimuth angle, pitch angle and rotation speed parameters in the following manner:

[0023] Azimuth θ azimuth The input range is between (0° and 360°). If the input angle is a negative number or exceeds 360°, the input range standard will be displayed on the screen of the industrial computer.

[0024] Pitch angle θ elevation The input range is between (-90° and 90°). If the input angle is less than -90° or greater than 90°, the input range standard will be displayed on the screen of the industrial computer.

[0025] The rotation speed Zdsd must be greater than 0° / s. If the input rotation speed is less than 0° / s, it will be prompted that the rotation speed must be a non-negative number.

[0026] Preferably, the command constructed in S3 is sent to the control system of the motion mechanism via serial communication. The control system will parse the received command and convert the instruction into an actual motor control signal for driving the stepper motor.

[0027] Preferably, the formula for calculating the difference between the target azimuth and the current azimuth in S4 is as follows:

[0028] θ Tzcz =θ azimuth -θ Cgdq

[0029] In the formula, θ Tzcz Indicates the difference between the target azimuth and the current azimuth, θ azimuth represents the desired azimuth, θ Cgdq Indicates the current azimuth angle read by the sensor.

[0030] Preferably, the formula for calculating the difference between the target pitch angle and the current pitch angle in S4 is as follows:

[0031] θ Fycz =θ elevation -θ Fcdg

[0032] In the formula, θ Fycz Indicates the difference between the target pitch angle and the current pitch angle, θ elevation represents the required pitch angle, θ Fcdg Indicates the current pitch angle read by the sensor.

[0033] Preferably, the S4 determines the control accuracy according to the calculated difference, and the determination method is as follows:

[0034] When the difference between the target azimuth and the current azimuth is θTzcz The difference between the target pitch angle and the current pitch angle θ Fycz If the error exceeds the set tolerance range of ±0.5°, the process returns to S2 for a new round of parameter calculation and input.

[0035] A solar simulator angle intelligent control system, comprising an initial angle parameter reading module, a parameter input and verification module, a control command generation module, a motion control and accuracy judgment module and a state feedback module;

[0036] The initial parameter reading module reads the initial azimuth and pitch angle of the device through the sensor, and displays them on the user interface so that the user can understand the current status of the device;

[0037] The parameter input and verification module uses the keyboard and mouse of the industrial computer to input the required azimuth angle, pitch angle and rotation speed, and verifies the input parameters;

[0038] The control command generation module constructs a control command according to the angle and rotation speed input by the user, and sends the command to the motion mechanism through the control system to guide it to make adjustments;

[0039] After receiving the command, the motion control and accuracy judgment module adjusts according to the set angle and speed, and calculates the difference between the target and the current angle to judge the control accuracy. If the control accuracy is insufficient, the system will return to the parameter input and verification module for readjustment;

[0040] The state feedback module feeds back the current azimuth and pitch angles and motion status to the control software in real time, updates the user interface, and enables the user to monitor the motion status and angle of the device in a timely manner.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a solar simulator angle intelligent control method and system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] The present invention uses a sensor to read the initial angle value in real time and display it on the screen, thereby ensuring transparency and visualization when the system is started and reducing uncertainty introduced by human operation. Secondly, a computing device is used to accurately calculate and verify the azimuth, pitch angle and rotation speed to ensure the validity of the input parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of the control command, supporting the construction of precise control commands, and adjusting the motion mechanism in real time through the control system to adjust it according to the set angle and speed. During the movement, the sensor data is continuously read, the change of the current angle is dynamically monitored, and the control accuracy is judged based on the calculation results. This loop feedback mechanism means that if the control accuracy is insufficient, the system can automatically return to the parameter input link to make necessary adjustments. This intelligent control method improves the adaptability and accuracy of the solar simulator and reduces the errors caused by manual angle adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of the method of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the system flow of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Traditional solar simulators mainly rely on fixed light source directions or manual adjustment to control the illumination angle and intensity, which not only limits their application scope, but also leads to the instability of experimental conditions and inaccurate experimental results. Therefore, a solar simulator angle intelligent control method is proposed. Figure 1 , the method comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1, read the initial angle value through the sensor and display the initial angle value on the screen;

[0048] The initial azimuth and elevation angles of the solar simulator are read in real time by the photoelectric encoder. The system digitizes the data acquired by the sensor, converts the acquired angle values ​​through the data acquisition module, and transmits them to the computer control interface. The processed initial angle values ​​are then displayed in real time on the monitoring screen in the form of a clear graphical user interface, allowing the operator to intuitively observe and confirm the current light source settings.

[0049] S2. Calculate the required azimuth angle, pitch angle and rotation speed using a computing device, input the above calculated values ​​through the keyboard and mouse of the industrial computer, and verify the input parameters;

[0050] The required azimuth angle is calculated as follows:

[0051] θ azimuth =atan2(py,qx)

[0052] By accurately calculating the azimuth angle, we can ensure that the light source of the simulator is accurately pointed to the target area, thereby providing the best lighting conditions to meet the needs of different experiments, which is especially important in photovoltaic material testing and plant growth research. In the formula, θ azomuthrepresents the required azimuth, py represents the coordinate value of the simulator relative to the reference point in the north-south direction, qx represents the coordinate value of the simulator relative to the reference point in the east-west direction, and atan2 represents a mathematical function used to calculate the polar angle of the coordinate point. Accurate azimuth calculation can simulate the changes in natural sunlight to the greatest extent, help researchers obtain more reliable experimental data, and enhance the scientificity and repeatability of the results;

[0053] The required pitch angle is calculated as follows:

[0054] θ elevation =atan2(hx,dy)

[0055] Calculating the pitch angle helps the simulator adjust the vertical angle of the light source to ensure uniform distribution of light intensity at different heights and avoid the influence of light gradient on the experimental results. In the formula, θ elevation represents the required pitch angle, hx represents the height difference of the simulator relative to the reference plane, py represents the horizontal distance between the simulator and the reference point, and atan2 represents a mathematical function used to calculate the polar angle of the coordinate point. A reasonable pitch angle can reduce energy waste, so that the solar simulator can reduce energy consumption while providing ideal lighting, thus achieving the goal of high efficiency and environmental protection;

[0056] The required rotation speed is calculated as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Accurately calculating the rotation speed can ensure the smooth movement of the light source during the adjustment process, avoid uneven illumination or fluctuations in experimental data caused by rapid adjustment, and enhance the stability of the experiment. In the formula, Zdsd represents the required rotation speed, Zdjd represents the angle difference that the simulator needs to rotate, and Sxst represents the time required for the simulator to rotate. By reasonably setting the rotation speed, it is possible to quickly respond to the real-time needs of the experiment, dynamically adjust the position of the light source, ensure the flexibility of the experimental conditions, and adapt to different experimental needs;

[0059] Effective verification of the input azimuth, pitch angle and rotation speed parameters is a key step to ensure the reliability of the solar simulator intelligent control system. First, the system obtains the azimuth value through the user interface input and checks it using the verification logic in the software. The effective range of the azimuth is limited to between 0° and 360°. If the angle value entered by the user is negative or exceeds this range, the system will trigger the exception handling mechanism and display a clear error prompt message on the industrial computer screen through a pop-up window or status bar to remind the user that the azimuth entered exceeds the standard range.

[0060] Similarly, the effective range of pitch angle input is set to -90° to 90°. The system uses conditional judgment statements to determine the validity of the input value to ensure that the pitch angle provided by the user is within the preset range. If the input pitch angle is detected to be less than -90° or greater than 90°, the system will automatically generate corresponding prompt information to guide the user to make the correct input;

[0061] For the rotation speed, the system requires it to be greater than 0° / second. Through the comparison operation of the input speed parameters, if the rotation speed input by the user is less than or equal to zero, the system can immediately feedback and prompt that the rotation speed must be a positive value to avoid potential risks to the motion mechanism;

[0062] S3. Construct a control command according to the input angle and rotation speed, and send the constructed command to the motion mechanism through the control system;

[0063] According to the input azimuth, pitch angle and rotation speed, the system will construct corresponding control commands to achieve precise adjustment of the motion mechanism of the solar simulator. The system combines the parameters obtained in real time and uses the principles of kinematics and dynamics to calculate the required motion trajectory and rotation angle. These calculation results are then integrated into a structured control command, which is usually encapsulated in the unified communication protocol format Modbus.

[0064] The control command includes three core parts: target azimuth, target pitch angle and set rotation speed. This information is converted into digital signals to ensure that each stepper motor can accurately interpret and perform the corresponding operation. To ensure the accurate transmission of the command, the system also implements a data verification mechanism to detect the integrity of the command during the transmission process to prevent erroneous execution due to signal interference. Once the command is constructed and verified, the system will send the command to the motion mechanism through the control interface;

[0065] S4, after receiving the command, the motion mechanism starts to adjust according to the set angle and speed. During the motion process, the sensor data is continuously read to obtain the current azimuth and pitch angles, and the difference between the target azimuth and the current azimuth and the difference between the target pitch angle and the current pitch angle are calculated. The control accuracy is judged according to the calculated difference. If the control accuracy is insufficient, return to S2;

[0066] The formula for calculating the difference between the target azimuth and the current azimuth is as follows:

[0067] θ Tzcz =θ azimuth -θ Cgdq

[0068] By calculating the difference between the two, the system can accurately determine the direction and amplitude that need to be adjusted, thereby achieving precise lighting adjustment and improving the controllability and consistency of the experiment. In the formula, θ Tzcz Indicates the difference between the target azimuth and the current azimuth, θ azimuth represents the desired azimuth, θ Cgdq Indicates the current azimuth angle read by the sensor. Real-time monitoring of the azimuth angle difference enables the system to quickly respond to external changes or user inputs. By continuously adjusting the movement through feedback, the simulated sun position is more in line with actual requirements.

[0069] The formula for calculating the difference between the target pitch angle and the current pitch angle is as follows:

[0070] θ Fycz =θ elevation -θ Fcdg

[0071] By accurately calculating the difference in pitch angles, the system can maintain uniform distribution of light when the light source is adjusted, ensuring consistent lighting conditions at different heights, which is particularly important in plant growth and photovoltaic research. In the formula, θ Fycz Indicates the difference between the target pitch angle and the current pitch angle, θ elevation represents the required pitch angle, θ Fcdg Indicates the current pitch angle read by the sensor. Real-time difference feedback enables the system to dynamically adjust the pitch angle at any time according to experimental requirements, thereby achieving high-precision positioning and control and improving the credibility of the overall experiment;

[0072] The control accuracy is determined based on the difference calculated above. The determination method is as follows:

[0073] When the difference between the target azimuth and the current azimuth is θ Tzcz The difference between the target pitch angle and the current pitch angle θ Fycz If the error exceeds the set tolerance range of ±0.5°, the system returns to S2 for a new round of parameter calculation and input.

[0074] S5, feeding back the current angle value and motion state to the control software in real time, and updating the user interface to display the current azimuth and pitch angle values ​​for real-time monitoring by the user;

[0075] Real-time feedback of the current angle value and motion status is achieved through efficient data acquisition and communication mechanisms. A real-time monitoring architecture is adopted to continuously monitor the azimuth and pitch angles of the motion mechanism through embedded sensors. These sensors can not only provide high-precision angle measurement, but also have the characteristics of fast response, ensuring that angle changes can be captured instantly;

[0076] Once the current azimuth and pitch angles are captured, this information will be transmitted to the control software through the high-frequency data acquisition module. The control software receives data through serial communication and quickly evaluates the motion status. To ensure the accuracy and real-time nature of the feedback, the software adopts a multi-threaded processing mechanism. The modules are synchronized through an efficient event-driven mechanism. To improve the user experience, the control software will immediately update the user interface and present the current azimuth and pitch angles in a graphical manner for real-time monitoring. This interface design includes dynamic numerical display, graphical progress bar and intuitive dashboard, which allows users to quickly identify the operating status of the equipment. The user interface also integrates alarm and prompt functions. When the angle deviation exceeds the set tolerance range, the system will immediately notify the user through visual and sound notifications for real-time response.

[0077] See also Figure 2 , a solar simulator angle intelligent control system, including an initial angle parameter reading module, a parameter input and verification module, a control command generation module, a motion control and accuracy judgment module and a state feedback module;

[0078] The initial parameter reading module reads the initial azimuth and pitch angle of the device through the sensor, and displays them on the user interface so that the user can understand the current status of the device;

[0079] The parameter input and verification module uses the keyboard and mouse of the industrial computer to input the required azimuth angle, pitch angle and rotation speed, and verifies the input parameters;

[0080] The control command generation module constructs a control command according to the angle and rotation speed input by the user, and sends the command to the motion mechanism through the control system to guide it to make adjustments;

[0081] After receiving the command, the motion control and accuracy judgment module adjusts according to the set angle and speed, and calculates the difference between the target and the current angle to judge the control accuracy. If the control accuracy is insufficient, the system will return to the parameter input and verification module for readjustment;

[0082] The state feedback module feeds back the current azimuth and pitch angles and motion status to the control software in real time, updates the user interface, and enables the user to monitor the motion status and angle of the device in a timely manner.

[0083] Through the combined application of the above method and system, the adaptability and accuracy of the solar simulator are improved, and the error caused by manual angle adjustment is reduced.

[0084] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar simulator angle intelligent control method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, read the initial angle value through the sensor and display the initial angle value on the screen; S2. Calculate the required azimuth angle, pitch angle and rotation speed using a computing device, input the above calculated values ​​through the keyboard and mouse of the industrial computer, and verify the input parameters; S3. Construct a control command according to the input angle and rotation speed, and send the constructed command to the motion mechanism through the control system; S4, after receiving the command, the motion mechanism starts to adjust according to the set angle and speed. During the motion process, the sensor data is continuously read to obtain the current azimuth and pitch angles, and the difference between the target azimuth and the current azimuth and the difference between the target pitch angle and the current pitch angle are calculated. The control accuracy is judged according to the calculated difference. If the control accuracy is insufficient, return to S2; S5. Feedback the current angle value and motion status to the control software in real time, and update the user interface to display the current azimuth and pitch angle values ​​for real-time monitoring by the user.

2. A solar simulator angle intelligent control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the required azimuth angle by the S2 computing device is as follows: i azimuth =atan2(py,qx) In the formula, θ azimuth Represents the required azimuth, py represents the coordinate value of the simulator relative to the reference point in the north-south direction, qx represents the coordinate value of the simulator relative to the reference point in the east-west direction, and atan2 represents a mathematical function used to calculate the polar angle of the coordinate point.

3. A solar simulator angle intelligent control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the required pitch angle by the S2 computing device is as follows: i elevation =atan2(hx,dy) In the formula, θ elevation represents the required pitch angle, hx represents the height difference of the simulator relative to the reference plane, dy represents the horizontal distance between the simulator and the reference point, and atan2 represents a mathematical function used to calculate the polar angle of the coordinate point.

4. The method for intelligently controlling the angle of a solar simulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the required rotation speed by the S2 calculation device is as follows: In the formula, Zdsd represents the required rotation speed, Zdjd represents the angle difference that the simulator needs to rotate, and Sxst represents the time required for the simulator to rotate.

5. A solar simulator angle intelligent control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The S2 verifies the input azimuth angle, pitch angle and rotation speed parameters, and the verification method is as follows: Azimuth θ azimuth The input range is between (0° and 360°). If the input angle is a negative number or exceeds 360°, the input range standard will be displayed on the screen of the industrial computer. Pitch angle θ elevation The input range is between (-90° and 90°). If the input angle is less than -90° or greater than 90°, the input range standard will be displayed on the screen of the industrial computer. The rotation speed Zdsd must be greater than 0° / s. If the input rotation speed is less than 0° / s, it will be prompted that the rotation speed must be a non-negative number.

6. A solar simulator angle intelligent control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The command constructed by S3 is sent to the control system of the motion mechanism through serial communication. The control system will parse the received command and convert the instruction into an actual motor control signal for driving the stepper motor.

7. A solar simulator angle intelligent control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the difference between the target azimuth and the current azimuth in S4 is as follows: i Tzcz =θ azimuth -θ Cgdq In the formula, θ Tzcz Indicates the difference between the target azimuth and the current azimuth, θ azimuth represents the desired azimuth, θ Cgdq Indicates the current azimuth angle read by the sensor.

8. The method for intelligently controlling the angle of a solar simulator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the difference between the target pitch angle and the current pitch angle in S4 is as follows: i Fycz =θ elevation -θ Fcdg In the formula, θ Fycz Indicates the difference between the target pitch angle and the current pitch angle, θ elevation represents the required pitch angle, θ Fcdg Indicates the current pitch angle read by the sensor.

9. A solar simulator angle intelligent control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The S4 determines the control accuracy according to the calculated difference, and the determination method is as follows: When the difference between the target azimuth and the current azimuth is θ Tzcz The difference between the target pitch angle and the current pitch angle θ Fycz If the error exceeds the set tolerance range of ±0.5°, the process returns to S2 for a new round of parameter calculation and input.

10. A solar simulator angle intelligent control system, characterized in that: It includes an initial angle parameter reading module, a parameter input and verification module, a control command generation module, a motion control and accuracy judgment module, and a state feedback module; The initial parameter reading module reads the initial azimuth and pitch angle of the device through the sensor, and displays them on the user interface so that the user can understand the current status of the device; The parameter input and verification module uses the keyboard and mouse of the industrial computer to input the required azimuth angle, pitch angle and rotation speed, and verifies the input parameters; The control command generation module constructs a control command according to the angle and rotation speed input by the user, and sends the command to the motion mechanism through the control system to guide it to make adjustments; After receiving the command, the motion control and accuracy judgment module adjusts according to the set angle and speed, and calculates the difference between the target and the current angle to judge the control accuracy. If the control accuracy is insufficient, the system will return to the parameter input and verification module for readjustment; The state feedback module feeds back the current azimuth and pitch angles and motion status to the control software in real time, updates the user interface, and enables the user to monitor the motion status and angle of the device in a timely manner.

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