Mass analyzer and analysis method thereof

Abstract

A mass analyzer disclosed by the present invention comprises a quadrupole rod structure, at least one ion steering device and at least one ion gating device, the quadrupole rod structure is used for mass screening of ions, the ion steering device is connected with the ion gating device, and the ion gating device is used for introducing and / or extracting ions from the quadrupole rod structure. The ion steering device is used for enabling ions to repeatedly pass through the quadrupole rod structure; compared with the prior art that ions only pass through a single quadrupole rod or sequentially pass through a plurality of groups of quadrupole rods, the method has the advantages that the ions with different mass-to-charge ratios repeatedly pass through at least one quadrupole rod, so that the ions with at least one specific mass-to-charge ratio are screened out; by using the short-size quadrupole rod with the precision similar to that of a conventional long-size quadrupole rod, the mass resolution equivalent to or even higher than that of the long-size quadrupole rod is realized, that is, on the premise that the precision of the quadrupole rod is similar, the mass analyzer can obtain the mass resolution equivalent to or even higher than that of the long-size quadrupole rod by using the short-size quadrupole rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mass spectrometry, and in particular to a mass analyzer and an analysis method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Mass spectrometry is a type of instrument that ionizes samples and determines the mass-to-charge ratio and abundance of the generated ions. It is widely used in material composition analysis in various fields. It includes injection systems, ion sources, mass analyzers, detectors, vacuum systems, electronic measurement and control systems, data processing systems and other major parts. Among them, the mass analyzer is the core of the mass spectrometer, which uses the differences in the behavior of ions under electric and magnetic fields to distinguish the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. According to the working principle, mass analyzers can be divided into several types, such as quadrupole mass analyzers, quadrupole ion trap mass analyzers, time-of-flight mass analyzers, Fourier transform mass analyzers, and sector field mass analyzers.

[0003] Quadrupole mass analyzers are the most widely used due to their simple structure, low cost, and fast scanning speed. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, it consists of four parallel rod-shaped electrodes (quadrupoles), with the same bias and radio frequency on the opposite electrodes, and different biases and opposite radio frequency phases between adjacent electrodes. Under specific DC bias and radio frequency voltage settings, only ions with a specific mass-to-charge ratio can stably pass through the quadrupole and reach the detector, while ions with other mass-to-charge ratios will be lost on the electrode surface due to trajectory divergence.

[0004] Mass resolution is the most important performance indicator of a quadrupole mass analyzer. It reflects the ability of the quadrupole mass analyzer to distinguish ions with similar mass-to-charge ratios and is directly related to the processing and assembly accuracy of the quadrupole rods, that is, Rm=m / Δm=r 0 / Δr 0 1.3 Among them, Rm is the mass resolution, m is the ion mass, Δm is the ion mass half-peak width, r0 is the quadrupole field radius, and Δr0 is the quadrupole field radius error. At the same time, in order to ensure the high efficiency of ion filtration, the quadrupole must have a sufficient length so that the ions experience a sufficient number of oscillations and sufficient trajectory divergence during the filtration process, so that they can be fully lost on the electrode surface. However, due to the limitations of the manufacturing process, the existing quadrupole is usually 1×10 −1 m, precision is 1×10 0 μm, and the cost is high. However, its mass resolution is only 1×10 3 , which limits its application in high-precision analysis. Therefore, improving the processing and assembly accuracy of the quadrupole, or improving the mass resolution while maintaining the existing accuracy, while controlling the cost, is an urgent problem to be solved in the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, an object of the present invention is to provide a mass analyzer and an analysis method thereof.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a mass analyzer comprising a quadrupole structure, at least one ion steering device and at least one ion gating device, wherein the quadrupole structure is used for mass screening of ions, the ion steering device is connected to the ion gating device, the ion gating device is used to introduce and / or extract ions into the quadrupole structure, and the ion steering device is used to allow ions to repeatedly pass through the quadrupole structure; the quadrupole structure is a single quadrupole or at least two quadrupoles connected in series.

[0007] In one embodiment, the quadrupole structure is connected to the ion steering device or the ion gating device.

[0008] In one embodiment, the ion steering device is at least one of ion reflection, sector electric field, sector magnetic field or ion deflection.

[0009] In one embodiment, two ends of the quadrupole structure are respectively connected to the ion gating device.

[0010] In one embodiment, the mass analyzer includes a quadrupole structure, a first ion gating device, a second ion gating device and a first ion steering device, wherein two ends of the first ion steering device are respectively connected to the first ion gating device and the second ion gating device, and two ends of the quadrupole structure are respectively connected to the first ion gating device and the second ion gating device; the first ion gating device is used to introduce ions into the quadrupole structure from outside the mass analyzer or to introduce ions in the first ion steering device into the quadrupole structure, and the second ion gating device is used to lead ions in the quadrupole structure to the first ion steering device or to lead ions in the quadrupole structure to outside the mass analyzer.

[0011] In one embodiment, two ends of the quadrupole structure are respectively connected to the ion steering device.

[0012] In one embodiment, the mass analyzer includes a quadrupole structure, a third ion gating device, a fourth ion gating device, a second ion steering device and a third ion steering device, the two ends of the quadrupole structure are respectively connected to the second ion steering device and the third ion steering device, the third ion gating device is connected to the second ion steering device, and the fourth ion gating device is connected to the third ion steering device; the third ion gating device is used to introduce ions from outside the mass analyzer, and the fourth gating device is used to extract ions from the mass analyzer.

[0013] In one embodiment, the quadrupole structure includes one of a hyperbolic rod electrode or a circular rod electrode.

[0014] In one embodiment, the ion gating device is a pulse electrode and / or a BN ion gate.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application also provides an analysis method of the above-mentioned mass analyzer, the method comprising: Turning on the ion gating device to introduce ions into the quadrupole through the ion gating device; The ion gating device is closed to confine the ions, and the ion steering device is activated to make the ions pass through the quadrupole repeatedly; Open the ion gating device to draw ions out of the mass analyzer.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The mass analyzer, by coordinating the quadrupole structure, the ion steering device and the ion gating device, enables the ions to repeatedly pass through the quadrupole structure under the action of the ion steering device after entering the mass analyzer, so that the ions experience a sufficient number of oscillations and sufficient trajectory divergence in the quadrupole structure, and can be fully lost on the electrode surface, or it can be said that the effect achieved by extending the length of the quadrupole structure is achieved, thereby achieving an improvement in mass resolution; Different from the prior art in which ions only pass through a single quadrupole or pass through multiple groups of quadrupoles in sequence, the present invention allows ions of different mass-to-charge ratios to pass through at least one quadrupole repeatedly, and screens out at least one ion of a specific mass-to-charge ratio; the mass analyzer of the present invention can achieve a mass resolution equivalent to or even higher than that of a long-size quadrupole by using a short-size quadrupole with similar accuracy to a conventional long-size quadrupole, that is, under the premise of similar quadrupole accuracy, the mass analyzer of the present invention can obtain a mass resolution equivalent to or even higher than that of a long-size quadrupole by using a short-size quadrupole. Due to the small design size of the short-size quadrupole, not only the difficulty of processing and assembly is significantly reduced, but also the production cost is greatly reduced. Therefore, the present invention provides an economical and efficient mass analyzer and a mass analysis method thereof, which are suitable for the field of high-precision analysis, and at the same time solve the problems caused by the high cost and processing difficulty of the long-size quadrupole in the prior art.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mass analyzer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another mass analyzer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a control flow of a mass analyzer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a control flow of another mass analyzer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic flow chart of an analysis method of a mass analyzer in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a quadrupole mass analyzer in the background technology; Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third mass analyzer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth mass analyzer in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals: 100. ion gating device; 101. first ion gating device; 103. second ion gating device; 104. first ion steering device; 102. quadrupole structure and ion steering device of the same entity; 201. third ion gating device; 202. second ion steering device; 204. third ion steering device; 205. fourth ion gating device; 300. quadrupole structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The optional embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the optional embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this invention belongs. The terms used in the description of the present invention herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "said", and "the" used in the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0023] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other.

[0024] The methods and devices adopted in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are conventional reagents, methods, and devices in this technical field.

[0025] For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the quadrupole mass analyzer in the related art will be described first. In the prior art, the quadrupole mass analyzer is composed of four parallel rod-shaped electrodes (quadrupole rods). The mass resolution is the most important performance index of the quadrupole mass analyzer, which reflects the ability of the quadrupole mass analyzer to distinguish ions with similar mass-to-charge ratios and is directly related to the processing and assembly accuracy of the quadrupole rods. To ensure the high efficiency of ion filtering, the quadrupole rods must have sufficient length so that ions can experience sufficient oscillation times and sufficient trajectory divergence during the filtering process, so as to fully lose on the electrode surface. Due to manufacturing process limitations, the existing quadrupole rods usually have a length of 1×10 −1 m and an accuracy of 1×10 0 μm, and are also costly. However, its mass resolution is only 1×10 3 , which limits its application in high-precision analysis. Therefore, improving the processing and assembly accuracy of the quadrupole rods, or improving the mass resolution while maintaining the existing accuracy and controlling the cost, is an urgent problem to be solved in the prior art. Based on this, the present application provides a mass analyzer.

[0026] As shown in the appendix Figure 1 , a mass analyzer provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application includes a quadrupole rod structure 300, at least one ion steering device, and at least one ion gating device. The quadrupole rod structure 300 is used for mass screening of ions. The ion steering device is connected to the ion gating device. The ion gating device is used to introduce and / or extract ions into the quadrupole rod structure 300. The ion steering device is used to make ions repeatedly pass through the quadrupole rod structure 300. The quadrupole rod structure is a single quadrupole rod or at least two series-connected quadrupole rods.

[0027] It should be noted that the quadrupole structure 300 is connected to the ion steering device or the ion gating device, so that the quadrupole structure 300, the ion steering device and the ion gating device form a mass analyzer that can allow ions to repeatedly pass through the quadrupole structure 300, so that the mass analyzer can screen out at least one specific mass-to-charge ratio ion; the quadrupole structure is the same as the conventional quadrupole, with controllable radio frequency and bias added; the ion steering device is added with controllable other voltages, and the ion gating device is added with controllable pulses and other voltages.

[0028] It should also be noted that the number and direction of ion introduction and extraction are not specifically limited, and the direction in which ions pass through the quadrupole structure 300 is not specifically limited; at the same time, the functions of the ion steering device and the ion gating device are not limited to the above-mentioned making ions repeatedly pass through the quadrupole structure 300 or introducing and / or extracting ions into the quadrupole structure 300, and can also have functions such as ion acceleration and collision cooling; the functions of the quadrupole structure 300 cover all functions of the quadrupole used for mass screening, such as mass scanning, transmission, trapping, collision induced dissociation, etc.

[0029] For example, refer to the attached Figure 7 The mass analyzer may be composed of a same entity 102 and an ion gating device 100. It should be noted that the same entity 102 is both a quadrupole structure and an ion steering device, that is, a combination of a quadrupole structure and an ion steering device; two ends of the same entity 102 are respectively connected to two ends of the ion gating device 100; For example, refer to the attached Figure 8 The mass analyzer may be composed of a quadrupole structure 300, two ion steering devices 200 and an ion gating device 100, wherein two ends of the quadrupole structure 300 are respectively connected to one end of the two ion steering devices 200, and two ends of the ion gating device 100 are respectively connected to the other end of the two ion steering devices 200; It should be noted that the ion steering device 200 may be an ion reflection, a sector electric field, a sector magnetic field, an ion deflection, etc., and the ion gating device 100 may be a pulse electrode, a BN ion gate, etc.; By coordinating the quadrupole structure 300, the ion steering device and the ion gating device, after the ions enter the mass analyzer, the ions repeatedly pass through the quadrupole structure 300 under the action of the ion steering device, so that the ions experience a sufficient number of oscillations and sufficient trajectory divergence in the quadrupole structure 300, and can be fully lost on the electrode surface, or it can be said that the effect achieved by extending the length of the quadrupole structure 300 is achieved, thereby improving the mass resolution. Different from the prior art in which ions only pass through a single quadrupole or pass through multiple groups of quadrupoles in sequence, the present invention allows ions of different mass-to-charge ratios to pass through at least one quadrupole repeatedly, and screens out at least one ion of a specific mass-to-charge ratio; the mass analyzer of the present invention can achieve a mass resolution equivalent to or even higher than that of a long-size quadrupole by using a short-size quadrupole with similar accuracy to a conventional long-size quadrupole, that is, under the premise of similar quadrupole accuracy, the mass analyzer of the present invention can obtain a mass resolution equivalent to or even higher than that of a long-size quadrupole by using a short-size quadrupole. Due to the small design size of the short-size quadrupole, not only the difficulty of processing and assembly is significantly reduced, but also the production cost is greatly reduced. Therefore, the present invention provides an economical and efficient mass analyzer and a mass analysis method thereof, which are suitable for the field of high-precision analysis, and at the same time solve the problems caused by the high cost and processing difficulty of the long-size quadrupole in the prior art.

[0030] In an optional manner in the embodiment of the present invention, the quadrupole structure 300 is connected to the ion steering device or the ion gating device.

[0031] In practical applications, the quadrupole structure 300 can be connected to the ion steering device. For example, the structure of the mass analyzer can be that the two ends of the quadrupole structure 300 are respectively connected to one end of two ion gating devices, and the other ends of the two ion gating devices are respectively connected to the two ends of the ion steering device, so that ions can be introduced into the mass analyzer from an ion gating device, and pass through the quadrupole structure 300, another ion gating device, the ion steering device, an ion gating device, and the quadrupole structure 300 in sequence, and move in a cycle; thereby, the ions can repeatedly pass through the quadrupole structure 300 and finally be led out of the mass analyzer from another ion gating device.

[0032] In practical applications, the quadrupole structure 300 can be connected to the ion gating device. For example, the structure of the mass analyzer can be that the two ends of the quadrupole structure 300 are respectively connected to one end of two ion steering devices, and the other ends of the two ion steering devices are respectively connected to two ion gating devices, so that ions can be introduced into the mass analyzer from an ion gating device, and then move in a cycle in sequence through an ion steering device, a quadrupole structure 300, another ion gating device, and a quadrupole structure 300, so that the ions can repeatedly pass through the quadrupole mechanism and finally be led out of the mass analyzer from another ion gating device.

[0033] In an optional manner in an embodiment of the present invention, the ion steering device is at least one of ion reflection, sector electric field, sector magnetic field or ion deflection.

[0034] It should be noted that the quadrupole is an ordinary quadrupole, which may be a hyperbolic quadrupole, a traditional quadrupole, etc., and is not specifically limited here.

[0035] In an optional manner in the embodiment of the present invention, two ends of the quadrupole structure 300 are respectively connected to the ion gating device.

[0036] In an optional manner in an embodiment of the present invention, the mass analyzer includes a quadrupole structure 300, a first ion gating device 101, a second ion gating device 103 and a first ion steering device 104, wherein two ends of the first ion steering device 104 are respectively connected to the first ion gating device 101 and the second ion gating device 103, and two ends of the quadrupole structure 300 are respectively connected to the first ion gating device 101 and the second ion gating device 103; the first ion gating device 101 is used to introduce ions into the quadrupole structure 300 from outside the mass analyzer or to introduce ions in the first ion steering device 104 into the quadrupole structure 300, and the second ion gating device 103 is used to extract ions in the quadrupole structure 300 to the first ion steering device 104 or to extract ions in the quadrupole structure 300 to the outside of the mass analyzer; It should be noted that the first ion gating device 101 and the second ion gating device 103 play the role of branched radio frequency ion guidance; the first ion steering device 104 plays the role of curved radio frequency ion guidance; Figure 1 and 3 When the first ion gating device 101 is turned on, ions can be introduced into the mass analyzer from the first ion gating device 101; when the first ion gating device 101 and the second ion gating device 103 are turned off, ion confinement is achieved, so that the ions repeatedly pass through the first ion gating device 101, the quadrupole structure 300, the second ion gating device 103, the first ion steering device 104, and the first ion gating device 101; when the second ion gating device 103 is turned on, ions can be led out from the second ion gating device 103; it should also be noted that the quadrupole structure 300 is added with a controllable RF bias, the first ion gating device 101 and the second ion gating device 103 are added with a controllable RF pulse bias, and the first ion steering device 104 is added with a controllable RF bias; It should be noted that the attached Figure 3 This is only one practical example. In other cases, there are situations where both are turned on and / or off at the same time. The quadrupole needs to ensure the working pressure of a conventional quadrupole mass analyzer (such as <1e-3 Pa). In principle, the ion steering device should also be high vacuum, ultra-high vacuum, etc. to avoid phase space changes when repeatedly passing through the quadrupole. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit its vacuum degree. The ion gating device needs to be coordinated with different vacuum degrees according to specific circumstances.

[0037] Optionally, the quadrupole structure 300 is a single quadrupole.

[0038] In an optional manner in the embodiment of the present invention, two ends of the quadrupole structure 300 are respectively connected to the ion steering device.

[0039] An optional method in an embodiment of the present invention, the mass analyzer includes a quadrupole structure 300, a third ion gating device 201, a fourth ion gating device 205, a second ion steering device 202 and a third ion steering device 204, the two ends of the quadrupole structure 300 are respectively connected to the second ion steering device 202 and the third ion steering device 204, the third ion gating device 201 is connected to the second ion steering device 202, and the fourth ion gating device 205 is connected to the third ion steering device 204; the third ion gating device 201 is used to introduce ions from outside the mass analyzer, and the fourth gating device is used to extract ions from the mass analyzer.

[0040] It should be noted that the third ion gating device 201 and the fourth ion gating device 205 can be annular electrodes; the second ion steering device 202 and the third ion steering device 204 play the role of linear radio frequency ion guidance; Figure 2 When the third ion gating device 201 is turned on, ions can be introduced into the mass analyzer from the third ion gating device 201; when the third ion gating device 201 and the fourth ion gating device 205 are turned off, ion confinement is achieved, so that the ions repeatedly pass through the second ion steering device 202, the quadrupole structure 300, the third ion steering device 204, the quadrupole structure 300, and the second ion steering device 202; when the fourth ion gating device 205 is turned on, ions can be drawn out from the fourth ion gating device 205; it should also be noted that the quadrupole structure 300 is added with controllable radio frequency and bias, the third ion gating device 201 and the fourth ion gating device 205 are added with controllable pulses, and the second ion steering device 202 and the third ion steering device 204 are added with controllable radio frequency and bias.

[0041] Optionally, the quadrupole structure 300 is a single quadrupole.

[0042] In an optional manner in an embodiment of the present invention, the quadrupole structure 300 includes one of a hyperbolic rod electrode or a round rod electrode; both the hyperbolic rod electrode and the round rod electrode have a certain physical shape stability. Whether it is a hyperbolic rod electrode or a round rod electrode, under normal use, its shape is relatively fixed, not prone to large deformation, and can maintain a relatively stable electrode structure.

[0043] In an optional manner in an embodiment of the present invention, the ion gating device is a pulse electrode and / or a BN ion gate.

[0044] As shown in the figure, the second embodiment of the present application provides an analysis method of any mass analyzer, the method comprising: Turning on the ion gating device to introduce ions into the quadrupole through the ion gating device; The ion gating device is closed to confine the ions, and the ion steering device is activated to make the ions pass through the quadrupole repeatedly; Open the ion gating device to draw ions out of the mass analyzer.

[0045] The analysis method can be used for the introduction of ions with different mass-to-charge ratios, the confinement of ions with different mass-to-charge ratios, making ions with different mass-to-charge ratios repeatedly pass through at least one quadrupole, screening out at least one ion with a specific mass-to-charge ratio, and extracting at least one ion with a specific mass-to-charge ratio; the analysis method can also be based on the electrical parameter control of the ion gating device to achieve the control of the introduction, confinement, and extraction of ions, including the introduction duration, the confinement duration, the extraction duration, etc.; it should be noted that the analysis method is based on the structural parameters and electrical parameter control of the ion steering device and the ion gating device to achieve the state and matching of ions with different mass-to-charge ratios repeatedly passing through the quadrupole, such as the radio frequency phase, ion velocity, ion position, etc., so that ions with a specific mass-to-charge ratio are easier or more difficult to filter out; The analysis method of this embodiment enables ions of different mass-to-charge ratios to repeatedly pass through at least one quadrupole, and screens out at least one ion of a specific mass-to-charge ratio; by using a short-sized quadrupole with similar accuracy to a conventional long-sized quadrupole, a mass resolution equivalent to or even higher than that of a long-sized quadrupole can be achieved, that is, under the premise of similar quadrupole accuracy, a mass resolution equivalent to or even higher than that of a long-sized quadrupole can be obtained by using a short-sized quadrupole. The analysis method of the mass analyzer is suitable for the field of high-precision analysis, and at the same time solves the problems caused by the high cost and processing difficulty of long-sized quadrupoles in the prior art.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mass analyzer, characterized in that It comprises a quadrupole structure, at least one ion steering device and at least one ion gating device, wherein the quadrupole structure is used for mass screening of ions, the ion steering device is connected to the ion gating device, the ion gating device is used for introducing and / or extracting ions into the quadrupole structure, and the ion steering device is used for making ions repeatedly pass through the quadrupole structure; the quadrupole structure is a single quadrupole or at least two quadrupoles connected in series.

2. The mass analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quadrupole structure is connected to the ion steering device or the ion gating device.

3. The mass analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ion steering device is at least one of ion reflection, sector electric field, sector magnetic field or ion deflection.

4. The mass analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two ends of the quadrupole structure are respectively connected to the ion gating device.

5. The mass analyzer according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The mass analyzer includes a quadrupole structure, a first ion gating device, a second ion gating device and a first ion steering device, wherein the two ends of the first ion steering device are respectively connected to the first ion gating device and the second ion gating device, and the two ends of the quadrupole structure are respectively connected to the first ion gating device and the second ion gating device; the first ion gating device is used to introduce ions from the outside of the mass analyzer into the quadrupole structure or to introduce ions in the first ion steering device into the quadrupole structure, and the second ion gating device is used to lead ions in the quadrupole structure to the first ion steering device or to lead ions in the quadrupole structure to the outside of the mass analyzer.

6. The mass analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two ends of the quadrupole structure are respectively connected to the ion steering device.

7. The mass analyzer according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The mass analyzer includes a quadrupole structure, a third ion gating device, a fourth ion gating device, a second ion steering device and a third ion steering device. The two ends of the quadrupole structure are respectively connected to the second ion steering device and the third ion steering device, the third ion gating device is connected to the second ion steering device, and the fourth ion gating device is connected to the third ion steering device; the third ion gating device is used to introduce ions from outside the mass analyzer, and the fourth gating device is used to extract ions from the mass analyzer.

8. The mass analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quadrupole structure includes one of a hyperbolic rod electrode or a circular rod electrode.

9. The mass analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ion gating device is a pulse electrode and / or a BN ion gate.

10. An analysis method of a mass analyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises, Turning on the ion gating device to introduce ions into the quadrupole through the ion gating device; The ion gating device is closed to confine the ions, and the ion steering device is activated to make the ions pass through the quadrupole repeatedly; Open the ion gating device to draw ions out of the mass analyzer.

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