Power system demand side mutual aid regulation and control method and system based on comprehensive benefit maximization

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power system demand side management, in particular to a power system demand side mutual aid regulation and control method and system based on comprehensive benefit maximization, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the cost and income data of user resource mutual aid in a whole life cycle, and constructing a user regulation and control cost and income model; based on the user regulation and control cost and income model, adopting a net present value method to extract a first evaluation index; obtaining cost and income data of resource mutual aid of the whole society in the whole life cycle, and constructing a whole society regulation and control cost and income model; based on a whole society regulation and control cost and income model, adopting a net present value method to extract a second evaluation index; and constructing a strategy optimization model by taking maximization of the second evaluation index as a target, and solving a resource regulation and control optimal strategy by taking the first evaluation index as a constraint condition. The purpose of the invention is to maximize the comprehensive benefits of the whole society and improve the economical efficiency of a demand side mutual aid regulation strategy and the efficiency and benefits of demand side resource allocation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power system demand side management, and in particular to a power system demand side mutual assistance control method and system based on maximizing comprehensive benefits. Background Art

[0002] In the current development process of the power system, the "double high" pattern of high proportion of renewable energy and high proportion of power electronic equipment has become increasingly prominent. Under this situation, efficient mutual regulation of demand-side resources has become a key measure to enhance the flexibility and stability of the power grid. In particular, the demand-side resource mutual regulation mechanism, which aims to maximize the comprehensive social benefits, can effectively alleviate the power load pressure during peak hours by means of refined optimization and adjustment of the load curve, significantly improve the overall operating efficiency of the power system, enhance the ability to absorb renewable energy, and thus effectively reduce the social electricity cost, playing an important role in ensuring the reliable operation and sustainable development of the power system.

[0003] However, existing technologies have obvious shortcomings in the demand-side resource mutual assistance regulation strategy. On the one hand, demand-side resource mutual assistance regulation is a complex system engineering, covering multiple dimensions such as equipment replacement, communication technology upgrade and innovation, cutting-edge technology innovation and research and development, and deep transformation of management models. Each link requires a lot of resource investment and technical support. At the same time, it is necessary to start from the principles of economics and use scientific cost-benefit analysis methods to conduct an in-depth analysis of the economic feasibility of user mutual assistance regulation. On the other hand, the benefits of resource mutual assistance regulation present a diversified distribution trend, which is reflected in peak shaving and valley filling and reducing energy costs at the user level; at the power grid level, it is manifested in improving the renewable energy absorption capacity and delaying power grid expansion investment. This involves many stakeholders, including power users, power grid companies, energy suppliers, etc., and the interest relations between the various stakeholders are complicated. Since it is difficult for existing technologies to maximize the comprehensive benefits of the whole society while protecting the interests of individual users, there are many defects in the formulation and implementation of demand-side mutual assistance strategies, and it is difficult to give full play to the potential advantages of demand-side resource mutual assistance regulation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to maximize the comprehensive benefits of the whole society, improve the economic efficiency of the demand-side mutual assistance regulation strategy and the efficiency and benefits of demand-side resource allocation, the present invention provides a method and system for mutual assistance regulation of the demand side of the power system based on maximization of comprehensive benefits. The technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0005] The technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for mutual assistance control of the demand side of a power system based on maximizing comprehensive benefits, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain the cost and benefit data of user resource mutual assistance throughout the entire life cycle, and build a user regulation cost and benefit model;

[0007] Based on the user regulation cost and benefit model, the net present value method is used to extract the first evaluation index;

[0008] Obtain the cost and benefit data of resource mutual assistance throughout the entire life cycle of the whole society, and build a cost and benefit model for regulation of the whole society;

[0009] Based on the cost and benefit model of social regulation, the second evaluation index is extracted using the net present value method;

[0010] A strategy optimization model is constructed with the goal of maximizing the second evaluation indicator, and the optimal resource regulation strategy is solved with the first evaluation indicator as a constraint.

[0011] Furthermore, the cost and benefit data of user resource mutual assistance throughout the entire life cycle is obtained, and a user regulation cost and benefit model is constructed, including:

[0012] Obtain the incremental cost data of user resource mutual assistance throughout the life cycle and extract the total cost of the user;

[0013] Obtain the electricity revenue per kilowatt-hour, mutual assistance regulation duration, and mutual assistance regulation power of user resources throughout the entire life cycle, and extract the total user revenue.

[0014] Furthermore, based on the user regulation cost and benefit model, the net present value method is used to extract the first evaluation index, including:

[0015] Based on the total user cost and total user benefit, the net present value method is used to extract the first evaluation index, which is expressed as follows:

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, NPV user (i) represents the first evaluation indicator, namely, the net present value of users on the demand side; CI total,user,t represents the life cycle benefits of the mutual regulation of user resources on the demand side in year t; CO total,user,t It represents the full life cycle cost of mutual regulation of demand-side user resources in the tth year; t represents the time variable; n represents the total investment cycle; i represents the discount rate; the first evaluation indicator is used for the feasibility and profitability of demand-side user projects.

[0018] Furthermore, we can obtain the cost and benefit data of resource mutual assistance in the whole society throughout the life cycle, and build a cost and benefit model for regulation of the whole society, including:

[0019] The whole life cycle cost of mutual assistance and regulation of resources in the whole society is obtained, and its expression is:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, CO total,all It represents the whole life cycle cost of the mutual regulation of resources in the whole society; I o,all* P represents the initial construction investment per unit power of the whole society project; sh,k represents the mutual assistance control power of the kth user; V R,all* Represents the residual value of fixed assets per unit power of the whole society; C n,all* represents the total annual unit power operating cost of the demand-side social project in the nth year; D n,all* It represents the total replacement cost per unit power of the whole society project on the demand side in the nth year; m represents the number of users on the demand side; n represents the total investment period; i represents the discount rate.

[0022] Furthermore, the cost and benefit data of resource mutual assistance in the whole society during the whole life cycle are obtained, and a cost and benefit model of regulation in the whole society is constructed, which also includes:

[0023] The whole life cycle benefits of mutual assistance and regulation of resources in the whole society are obtained, and the expression is:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, CI total,all Indicates that the whole society's resources are mutually beneficial to regulate the whole life cycle benefits; ACC tital,all* It indicates that the unit power generated by the mutual assistance and regulation of resources across society on the demand side can avoid costs.

[0026] Furthermore, a strategy optimization model is constructed with the goal of maximizing the second evaluation index, and the optimal resource control strategy is solved with the first evaluation index as a constraint, including:

[0027] Construct the objective function, whose expression is:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, NPV all Represents the second evaluation indicator, namely the net present value of the whole society; CI total,all,t represents the life cycle benefits of social resource mutual assistance regulation in year t; CO total,all,t It represents the whole life cycle cost of social resource mutual assistance regulation in year t.

[0030] Furthermore, the expression with the first evaluation index as the constraint condition is:

[0031] CI total,user,t -CO total,user,t >0

[0032] In the formula, CI total,user,tDenote the total life - cycle revenue of the mutual assistance regulation of demand - side user resources in the t - th year; CO total,user,t Denote the total life - cycle cost of the mutual assistance regulation of demand - side user resources in the t - th year.

[0033] Furthermore, the constraint conditions of the strategy optimization model also include:

[0034] Power grid operation safety constraint, configured such that the sum of the mutual assistance regulation powers of all demand - side users does not exceed the power grid operation limit power;

[0035] Demand - side resource constraint, configured such that the sum of the mutual assistance regulation powers of all demand - side users does not exceed the maximum available capacity.

[0036] Furthermore, solving the optimal resource regulation strategy includes:

[0037] Construct a strategy optimization model with the goal of maximizing the comprehensive social benefit. Based on the first evaluation index, power grid operation safety, and the constraint conditions of demand - side resources, use the simulated annealing algorithm to generate a random initial population for genetic operations;

[0038] Select individuals from the offspring population generated by genetic operations for simulated annealing treatment based on a preset fitness value;

[0039] Continuously search for the global optimal solution to obtain the set of mutual assistance regulation powers of demand - side resources.

[0040] The technical solution of the second aspect of the present invention provides a power system demand - side mutual assistance regulation system based on maximizing comprehensive benefits, adopting the power system demand - side mutual assistance regulation method described in the technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention. The system includes:

[0041] User regulation cost and revenue module, configured to obtain the cost and revenue data of user resource mutual assistance within the entire life - cycle and construct a user regulation cost and revenue model;

[0042] First evaluation module, configured to extract the first evaluation index using the net present value method based on the user regulation cost and revenue model;

[0043] Whole - society regulation cost and revenue module, configured to obtain the cost and revenue data of whole - society resource mutual assistance within the entire life - cycle and construct a whole - society regulation cost and revenue model;

[0044] Second evaluation module, configured to extract the second evaluation index using the net present value method based on the whole - society regulation cost and revenue model;

[0045] Strategy optimization module, configured to construct a strategy optimization model with the goal of maximizing the second evaluation index and solve the optimal resource regulation strategy with the first evaluation index as the constraint condition.

[0046] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] Compared with traditional demand-side resource regulation, which usually takes a single resource as the object, the mutual regulation potential between different demand-side resources is ignored. At the same time, most of the existing analyses are based on the local optimization of demand-side resources or the optimization of grid air regulation, and cannot take into account the overall economic benefits of demand-side users and the whole society, resulting in limitations in the analysis perspective. The power system demand-side mutual regulation method based on comprehensive benefit maximization provided by the present invention quantitatively analyzes the economic benefits of users and the whole society by comprehensively constructing a cost-benefit model and evaluation index system for users and the whole society. With the goal of maximizing the comprehensive benefits of the whole society, the optimal regulation strategy is solved by combining the first evaluation index as a constraint condition, realizing the organic combination of user benefits and the comprehensive benefits of the whole society, thereby improving the efficiency and comprehensive benefits of demand-side resource allocation, providing an accurate quantitative basis for demand-side resource regulation and cost-benefit analysis, and improving the economic efficiency of the demand-side mutual regulation strategy. This method solves the problems of traditional demand-side resource regulation taking a single resource as the object, ignoring the mutual assistance potential of different resources, and limiting the analysis perspective. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 A method flow chart of a method for mutual assistance control of power system demand side based on comprehensive benefit maximization provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for mutual assistance control of power system demand side based on maximization of comprehensive benefits provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a power system demand side mutual assistance control system based on maximizing comprehensive benefits provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following is a detailed description of the specific implementation method, structure, characteristics and effects of a method and system for mutual regulation of demand side of a power system based on maximization of comprehensive benefits proposed by the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0053] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0054] The specific scheme of a method and system for mutual assistance control on the demand side of an electric power system based on maximizing comprehensive benefits provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0055] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , which shows a method flow chart of a method for mutual assistance control of power system demand side based on comprehensive benefit maximization provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising:

[0056] Step S100: Obtain the cost and benefit data of user resource mutual assistance in the entire life cycle, and build a user regulation cost and benefit model;

[0057] Step S100 specifically includes:

[0058] Step S110: Obtain the incremental cost data of user resource mutual assistance during the entire life cycle and extract the total cost of the user; specifically, the total cost of the user refers to all incremental costs incurred by the user during the entire life cycle from scheme design to operation and maintenance in the process of participating in resource mutual assistance regulation, including at least: Equipment investment and operation and maintenance costs: For example, through the suppliers and operation and maintenance parties of V2G equipment and smart power equipment, obtain the purchase price, installation cost, annual maintenance and maintenance cost of the equipment and other information; Charging power electricity fee: Extract the charging power electricity fee data corresponding to the discharge power from the user's electricity bill; Hidden costs: The costs caused by users sacrificing comfort or travel needs in the process of participating in regulation can be understood through questionnaires, interviews, etc.;

[0059] The expression of the full life cycle cost of demand-side user resource mutual regulation is:

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, CO total,user I represents the full life cycle cost of mutual regulation of user resources on the demand side; o,user*It represents the initial construction investment per unit power of the demand-side user project, in RMB / kW, representing the initial construction cost per unit power; P sh Indicates the mutual assistance control power, in kW; V R,user* It indicates the residual value of the user's fixed assets per unit power, in RMB / kW, i.e., the residual value of the assets per unit power at the end of the project; C n,user* represents the total annual unit power operating cost of the demand-side user project in the nth year, in RMB / kW; D n,user* It represents the total replacement cost per unit power of the demand-side user project in the nth year, in Yuan / kW; n represents the total investment period; i represents the discount rate, which can be determined by referring to the market interest rate and the risk level of the project.

[0062] Step S120: Obtain the per-kilowatt-hour benefit, mutual assistance regulation duration, and mutual assistance regulation power of user resource mutual assistance during the entire life cycle, and extract the total user benefit; specifically, the total user benefit refers to the economic benefits obtained by the user through participating in the regulation of the power grid or aggregator during the entire life cycle of resource mutual assistance regulation, mainly including the total benefits brought by participating in the electricity price mechanism and electricity market transactions. The expression of the full life cycle benefit of demand-side user resource mutual assistance regulation is:

[0063] CI total,user =B sum,user *P sh h sh

[0064] In the formula, CI total,user B represents the life cycle benefits of mutual regulation of user resources on the demand side; sum,user* It indicates the revenue per kWh brought by the participation of demand-side user resources in electricity prices and the electricity market, in units of RMB / kWh, i.e., the revenue brought by each kWh; h sh Indicates the duration of mutual assistance regulation, in hours, i.e. the duration of regulation;

[0065] This embodiment provides a basis for the subsequent formulation of demand-side mutual assistance regulation strategies by comprehensively and systematically obtaining the cost and benefit data of user resource mutual assistance throughout the entire life cycle and constructing a user regulation cost and benefit model. On the one hand, the total cost of the user is accurately calculated, so that the user can clearly understand the various investments in the process of participating in resource mutual assistance regulation, including equipment investment, operation and maintenance costs, electricity expenses, and hidden costs, which helps users make reasonable decisions. On the other hand, the total benefit of the user is accurately extracted, and the economic benefits obtained by the user through participating in regulation are clarified, such as the benefits brought by the electricity price mechanism and electricity market transactions. By constructing a model, it is possible to quantitatively analyze the economic status of users in resource mutual assistance regulation, realize a scientific assessment of user cost-benefit, and thus promote the efficient allocation and rational use of demand-side resources.

[0066] Step S200: extracting a first evaluation index using a net present value method based on a user regulation cost and benefit model;

[0067] Step S200 specifically includes:

[0068] Step S210: Based on the total user cost and total user benefit, the first evaluation index is extracted using the net present value method; specifically, first, the required data needs to be obtained from the user regulation cost and benefit model constructed in step S100. For each year t (t ranges from 0 to n), the CI of the whole life cycle benefit of the mutual regulation of demand-side user resources in the tth year is extracted. total,user,t and the demand-side user resource mutual regulation life cycle cost CO in year t total,user,t ; Define n as the total investment period and the discount rate i. The total investment period is usually determined based on factors such as project planning and equipment life, and can refer to the feasibility study report or relevant technical documents of the project; the discount rate can be determined by combining market interest rates, project risk levels, etc., for example, referring to the average rate of return of similar projects or industry benchmark rate of return;

[0069] The expression of the first evaluation index is:

[0070]

[0071] In the formula, NPV user (i) represents the first evaluation indicator, namely, the net present value of users on the demand side; CI total,user,t represents the life cycle benefits of the mutual regulation of user resources on the demand side in year t; CO total,user,t represents the life cycle cost of resource mutual assistance regulation of demand-side users in the tth year; t represents the time variable; n represents the total investment cycle; i represents the discount rate; the first evaluation index comprehensively considers the cost, benefits and time value of funds of users in the entire investment cycle, and provides a scientific and effective economic evaluation method for demand-side management of power systems. It can more accurately reflect the actual economic benefits of users in the entire life cycle of resource mutual assistance regulation. Through this evaluation index, it is possible to intuitively judge whether it is economically feasible for users to participate in resource mutual assistance regulation projects. If the net present value is greater than 0, it means that the project can bring positive benefits to users considering the time value of funds, and it is profitable for users to participate in regulation; conversely, if the net present value is less than 0, it indicates that the project may not be able to achieve economic profitability. This will help demand-side users to have a quantitative reference when deciding whether to participate in resource mutual assistance regulation, so as to make more reasonable choices. At the same time, this evaluation index also provides important decision-making support for the formulation and regulation of power system demand-side management strategies, helps to optimize resource allocation, improve the efficiency and benefits of demand-side management, and promote the development of power systems in a more economical, efficient and sustainable direction.

[0072] Step S300: Obtain the cost and benefit data of social mutual assistance in resources over the entire life cycle, and construct a cost and benefit model for social regulation; specifically, the life cycle cost of social mutual assistance regulation includes at least: initial construction investment per unit power, which can be calculated by investigating the costs of power grid construction, related regulation equipment procurement, etc., combined with the total power, to calculate the initial construction investment per unit power of the social project; mutual assistance regulation power of each user: with the help of smart meters, monitoring systems and other equipment, collect the mutual assistance regulation power of users, and count the number of users on the demand side; residual value of fixed assets per unit power: estimate the residual value of fixed assets per unit power of the whole society based on the depreciation of the equipment, second-hand market prices and other factors; annual unit power operation and replacement cost: analyze the operation and equipment replacement costs of the whole society in the demand-side resource mutual assistance regulation projects each year, so as to determine the annual total unit power operation cost and total unit power replacement cost of the demand-side social projects.

[0073] Step S300 specifically includes:

[0074] Step S310: Obtain the whole life cycle cost of social resource mutual assistance regulation, which is expressed as:

[0075]

[0076] In the formula, CO total,all It represents the whole life cycle cost of the mutual regulation of resources in the whole society; I o,all* P represents the initial construction investment per unit power of the whole society project; sh,k represents the mutual assistance control power of the kth user; V R,all* Represents the residual value of fixed assets per unit power of the whole society; C n,all* represents the total annual unit power operating cost of the demand-side social project in the nth year; D n,all* It represents the total replacement cost per unit power of the whole society project on the demand side in the nth year; M represents the number of users on the demand side; n represents the total investment period; i represents the discount rate.

[0077] Step S320: Obtain the whole life cycle benefits of social resource mutual assistance regulation, which is expressed as:

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, CI total,all Indicates that the whole society's resources are mutually beneficial to regulate the whole life cycle benefits; ACC total,all* It indicates that the unit power generated by the mutual assistance and regulation of resources across society on the demand side can avoid costs.

[0080] This embodiment provides a macro-level economic analysis basis for the demand side management of the power system by comprehensively acquiring the cost and benefit data of the mutual assistance of resources in the whole society throughout the life cycle and constructing a corresponding cost and benefit model. From the perspective of cost, accurately calculating the cost of the whole life cycle of mutual assistance regulation of resources in the whole society helps to understand the capital investment of the mutual assistance regulation project at the whole society level, including the costs of initial construction, operation, equipment replacement, etc., and provides a basis for reasonable resource planning and cost control. From the perspective of benefits, accurately calculating the benefits of the whole life cycle of mutual assistance regulation of resources in the whole society can quantify the economic benefits brought by mutual assistance regulation to the whole society, such as the avoided grid construction costs and energy procurement costs. Finally, by constructing a model, the economic feasibility and benefits of mutual assistance regulation of resources in the whole society can be comprehensively evaluated, providing strong support for the formulation of scientific and reasonable demand side management policies and regulation strategies, and promoting the optimal allocation of power system resources and the improvement of the comprehensive benefits of the whole society.

[0081] Step S400: Based on the social regulation cost and benefit model, the second evaluation index is extracted using the net present value method; specifically, the expression of the second evaluation index is:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, NPV all (i) represents the second evaluation index, namely, the net present value of the whole society; specifically, this embodiment, based on the net present value theory in economics, constructs a cost-benefit model and evaluation index for demand-side users and the whole society, providing a scientific and reliable basis for the establishment of a demand-side resource mutual assistance regulation mechanism. It should be noted that when evaluating the economic feasibility of the demand-side resource mutual assistance regulation mechanism, economic indicators such as internal rate of return, benefit-cost ratio, and payback period method can also be used for measurement to further analyze its investment return and economic benefits; this embodiment uses the net present value method to extract the second evaluation index (the net present value of the whole society), providing a comprehensive and scientific basis for the economic evaluation of the resource mutual assistance regulation mechanism in the demand-side management of the power system. The net present value takes into account the time value of money, so that the costs and benefits at different time points can be compared on the same time dimension, thereby more accurately reflecting the actual economic benefits of the whole society participating in the resource mutual assistance regulation. Through this evaluation index, it is possible to intuitively judge whether the resource mutual assistance regulation mechanism is economically feasible. If the net present value of the whole society is greater than 0, it means that the mechanism can bring positive benefits to the whole society while considering the time value of money; conversely, if the net present value is less than 0, it is necessary to re-examine the cost structure and benefit model of the mechanism.

[0084] Step S500: constructing a strategy optimization model with the goal of maximizing the second evaluation index, and solving the optimal resource control strategy with the first evaluation index as a constraint condition;

[0085] Step S500 specifically includes:

[0086] Step S510: construct an objective function, the expression of which is:

[0087]

[0088] In the formula, NPV all Represents the second evaluation indicator, namely the net present value of the whole society; CI total,all,t represents the life cycle benefits of social resource mutual assistance regulation in year t; CO total,all,t It represents the whole life cycle cost of social resource mutual assistance regulation in year t; specifically, the comprehensive benefit of the whole society is maximized, and the net present value NPV of the whole society is used all The net present value of the whole society reflects the overall economic benefits of the whole society participating in the mutual regulation of resources during the entire investment cycle, taking into account the time value of money.

[0089] Among them, the expression with the first evaluation index as the constraint condition is:

[0090] CI total,user,t -CO total,user,t >0

[0091] In the formula, CI total,user,t represents the life cycle benefits of the mutual regulation of user resources on the demand side in year t; CO total,user,t represents the full life cycle cost of resource mutual assistance regulation for demand-side users in year t; this constraint ensures that demand-side users can obtain positive economic benefits during the resource mutual assistance regulation process, thereby motivating users to actively participate in regulation;

[0092] The constraints of the strategy optimization model also include:

[0093] The grid operation safety constraint is configured so that the sum of the mutual regulation power of all demand-side users does not exceed the grid operation limit power, and its expression is:

[0094]

[0095] Where P max Represents the power limit of the power grid operation; this constraint ensures that the operation of the power grid will not exceed its safe carrying capacity during the resource mutual assistance regulation process, thus ensuring the stable operation of the power grid;

[0096] The demand-side resource constraint is configured so that the sum of the mutually controlled power of all demand-side users does not exceed the maximum available capacity. Its expression is:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula, C maxRepresents the maximum available capacity of demand-side resources; this constraint ensures that resource mutual assistance regulation will not exceed the actual available range of demand-side resources, ensuring the feasibility of resource allocation;

[0099] Step S510 provides a scientific model framework for optimizing the resource mutual assistance regulation strategy in the demand side management of the power system by constructing an objective function with the goal of maximizing the net present value of the whole society and setting corresponding constraints; the objective function is guided by maximizing the comprehensive benefits of the whole society, which can guide the effective allocation of resources from a macro level and improve the overall economic benefits of the whole society in the resource mutual assistance regulation. At the same time, taking the first evaluation index as a constraint condition, the economic interests of demand-side users in the process of participating in the regulation are guaranteed, users are encouraged to actively participate, and the full utilization of demand-side resources is promoted.

[0100] Step S520: construct a strategy optimization model with the goal of maximizing the overall social benefits, and use a simulated annealing algorithm to generate a random initial population for genetic operations based on the first evaluation indicator, grid operation safety, and demand-side resource constraints; specifically, the genetic operations include: selection operation: using a roulette selection method to determine the probability of an individual being selected based on individual fitness (i.e., the objective function value); individuals with high fitness values ​​are more likely to be selected and inherited to the next generation, thereby improving the overall optimization efficiency and increasing the randomness of the algorithm search; crossover operation: using a multi-point crossover method to randomly generate multiple crossover point locations, exchange partial gene information of two individuals (i.e., mutual assistance regulation power values), generate new individuals, enhance population diversity and exploration capabilities, and expand the solution space search range; mutation operation: randomly select individuals in the population and determine mutation point locations, mutate genes (mutual assistance regulation power values), introduce new gene diversity, enhance the algorithm's global search capabilities, and avoid falling into local optimal solutions;

[0101] Step S530: Based on the preset fitness value, individuals are selected from the offspring population generated by the genetic operation for simulated annealing. Specifically, according to the preset fitness value, the individuals with the top 30% fitness values ​​are selected from the offspring population generated by the genetic operation for simulated annealing. In the neighborhood solution search, one of the three neighborhood structures of insertion, reversal or exchange is randomly selected by the roulette wheel method to generate a new individual under the neighborhood structure. In the individual update, if the fitness value of the new individual is higher than that of the original individual, the new individual is directly replaced. Otherwise, according to the Metropolis criterion, the new individual is accepted with a preset probability to further avoid falling into the local optimum and improve the global search capability.

[0102] Step S540: Continue to search for the global optimal solution to obtain the mutually beneficial regulation power set of demand-side resources; continue the above operation to continuously search for the global optimal solution, and when the stop condition (such as reaching the maximum number of iterations, fitness value convergence, etc.) is met, the mutually beneficial regulation power set of demand-side resources is obtained, which can be expressed as: {Psh,1 ,P sh,2 ,......,P sh,M}, where M represents the number of users on the demand side; based on the simulated annealing algorithm, which shows good parallelism and robustness in the solution process, the algorithm is used to optimize and solve the demand-side resource mutual assistance regulation mechanism. It should be noted that this embodiment belongs to an NP-hard problem in the solution process, and a heuristic algorithm is usually used to solve the optimal solution. In order to further improve the solution efficiency and optimization effect, genetic algorithms, particle swarm algorithms and other methods can also be introduced to achieve more efficient global optimization and resource allocation.

[0103] It should be noted that the demand-side resources targeted by the present invention mainly include electric vehicles and air conditioners, and are also applicable to demand-side resources such as mobile energy storage equipment, heat pumps, lighting, and refrigerators. Among them, the air-conditioning load accounts for a large proportion of the load, and the adjustable time and potential are insufficient without relying on ice storage. It is necessary to use other demand-side resources such as electric vehicles to reduce the peak load of the power grid and the marginal electricity cost of air conditioners. Electric vehicles have significant charging and discharging flexibility. They can not only store energy for the power grid during off-peak periods, but also reverse power supply during peak periods to reduce peak power demand and relieve grid pressure. The demand-side mutual assistance control method provided by the present invention can improve the economy of the demand-side mutual assistance control strategy between electric vehicles and air conditioners and the efficiency and benefits of demand-side resource allocation.

[0104] In summary, compared with traditional demand-side resource regulation, which usually takes a single resource as the object, the mutual regulation potential between different demand-side resources is ignored. At the same time, most of the existing analyses are based on the local optimization of demand-side resources or the optimization of power grid air regulation, and cannot take into account the overall economic benefits of demand-side users and the whole society, resulting in limitations in the analysis perspective. The power system demand-side mutual regulation method based on comprehensive benefit maximization provided by the present invention quantitatively analyzes the economic benefits of users and the whole society by comprehensively constructing a cost-benefit model and evaluation index system for users and the whole society. With the goal of maximizing the comprehensive benefits of the whole society, the optimal regulation strategy is solved by combining the first evaluation index as a constraint condition, realizing the organic combination of user benefits and the comprehensive benefits of the whole society, thereby improving the efficiency and comprehensive benefits of demand-side resource allocation, providing an accurate quantitative basis for demand-side resource regulation and cost-benefit analysis, and improving the economic efficiency of the demand-side mutual regulation strategy. This method solves the problems of traditional demand-side resource regulation taking a single resource as the object, ignoring the mutual assistance potential of different resources, and limiting the analysis perspective.

[0105] See also Figure 3 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a power system demand side mutual assistance control system based on comprehensive benefit maximization provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the system comprising:

[0106] The user regulation cost and benefit module is configured to obtain the cost and benefit data of user resource mutual assistance throughout the life cycle and to build a user regulation cost and benefit model;

[0107] A first evaluation module is configured to extract a first evaluation indicator using a net present value method based on a user regulation cost and benefit model;

[0108] The whole society regulation cost and benefit module is configured to obtain the cost and benefit data of the whole society's resource mutual assistance throughout the life cycle, and to build a whole society regulation cost and benefit model;

[0109] The second evaluation module is configured to extract the second evaluation index using a net present value method based on a social regulation cost and benefit model;

[0110] The strategy optimization module is configured to construct a strategy optimization model with the goal of maximizing the second evaluation indicator, and solve the optimal resource control strategy with the first evaluation indicator as a constraint condition.

[0111] It should be noted that the sequence of the above embodiments of the present invention is only for description and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0112] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A mutual assistance control method for demand side of power system based on maximizing comprehensive benefits, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain the cost and benefit data of user resource mutual assistance throughout the entire life cycle, and build a user regulation cost and benefit model; Based on the user regulation cost and benefit model, the net present value method is used to extract the first evaluation index; Obtain the cost and benefit data of resource mutual assistance throughout the entire life cycle of the whole society, and build a cost and benefit model for regulation of the whole society; Based on the cost and benefit model of social regulation, the net present value method is used to extract the second evaluation index; A strategy optimization model is constructed with the goal of maximizing the second evaluation indicator, and the optimal resource regulation strategy is solved with the first evaluation indicator as a constraint.

2. The method for mutual assistance control of the demand side of the power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain the cost and benefit data of user resource mutual assistance throughout the entire life cycle, and build a user regulation cost and benefit model, including: Obtain the incremental cost data of user resource mutual assistance throughout the entire life cycle and extract the total cost of the user; Obtain the electricity revenue per kilowatt-hour, mutual assistance regulation duration, and mutual assistance regulation power of user resources throughout the entire life cycle, and extract the total user revenue.

3. The method for mutual assistance control of the demand side of the power system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Based on the user regulation cost and benefit model, the net present value method is used to extract the first evaluation index, including: Based on the total user cost and total user benefit, the net present value method is used to extract the first evaluation index, which is expressed as follows: In the formula, NPV user (i) represents the first evaluation indicator, namely, the net present value of users on the demand side; CI total,user,t represents the life cycle benefits of user resource mutual assistance regulation on the demand side in year t; CO total,user,t It represents the full life cycle cost of mutual regulation of demand-side user resources in the tth year; t represents the time variable; n represents the total investment cycle; i represents the discount rate; the first evaluation indicator is used for the feasibility and profitability of demand-side user projects.

4. The method for mutual assistance control of the demand side of the power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain the cost and benefit data of resource mutual assistance in the whole society throughout the life cycle, and build a cost and benefit model for regulation of the whole society, including: The whole life cycle cost of mutual assistance and regulation of resources in the whole society is obtained, and its expression is: In the formula, CO total,all It represents the whole life cycle cost of the mutual regulation of resources in the whole society; I o,all* P represents the initial construction investment per unit power of the whole society project; sh,k represents the mutual assistance control power of the kth user; V R,all* Represents the residual value of fixed assets per unit power of the whole society; C n,all* represents the total annual unit power operating cost of the demand-side social project in the nth year; D n,all* It represents the total replacement cost per unit power of the whole society project on the demand side in the nth year; M represents the number of users on the demand side; n represents the total investment period; i represents the discount rate.

5. The method for mutual assistance control of the demand side of the power system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Obtain the cost and benefit data of resource mutual assistance in the whole society throughout the life cycle, and build a cost and benefit model for regulation of the whole society, including: The whole life cycle benefits of mutual assistance and regulation of resources in the whole society are obtained, and the expression is: In the formula, CI total,all Indicates that the whole society's resources are mutually beneficial to regulate the whole life cycle benefits; ACC total,all* It indicates that the unit power generated by the mutual assistance and regulation of resources across society on the demand side can avoid costs.

6. The method for mutual assistance control of power system demand side according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The strategy optimization model is constructed with the goal of maximizing the second evaluation index, and the optimal resource control strategy is solved with the first evaluation index as the constraint condition, including: Construct the objective function, whose expression is: In the formula, NPV all Represents the second evaluation indicator, namely the net present value of the whole society; CI total,all,t represents the life cycle benefits of social resource mutual assistance regulation in year t; CO total,all,t It represents the whole life cycle cost of social resource mutual assistance regulation in year t.

7. The method for mutual assistance control of the demand side of the power system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expression with the first evaluation index as the constraint condition is: CI total,user,t -WHAT total,user,t >0 In the formula, CI total,user,t represents the life cycle benefits of user resource mutual assistance regulation on the demand side in year t; CO total,user,t It represents the full life cycle cost of mutual regulation of user resources on the demand side in year t.

8. The method for mutual assistance control of the demand side of the power system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The constraints of the strategy optimization model also include: The grid operation safety constraint is configured so that the total power of all demand-side users does not exceed the grid operation limit power; The demand-side resource constraints are configured so that the total power of all demand-side users mutually regulating does not exceed the maximum available capacity.

9. The method for mutual assistance control of power system demand side according to claim 8, characterized in that: Solve the optimal resource control strategy, including: A strategy optimization model is constructed with the goal of maximizing the overall benefits of the whole society. Based on the constraints of the first evaluation indicator, grid operation safety, and demand-side resources, a simulated annealing algorithm is used to generate a random initial population for genetic operations. Based on the preset fitness value, individuals are selected from the offspring population generated by genetic operation to perform simulated annealing; Continuously search for the global optimal solution to obtain the mutually beneficial regulation power set of demand-side resources.

10. The power system demand side mutual assistance control system based on comprehensive benefit maximization is characterized by: The method for mutual assistance control of power system demand side based on comprehensive benefit maximization according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted, and the system comprises: The user regulation cost and benefit module is configured to obtain the cost and benefit data of user resource mutual assistance throughout the life cycle and to build a user regulation cost and benefit model; A first evaluation module is configured to extract a first evaluation indicator using a net present value method based on a user regulation cost and benefit model; The whole society regulation cost and benefit module is configured to obtain the cost and benefit data of the whole society's resource mutual assistance throughout the life cycle, and to build a whole society regulation cost and benefit model; The second evaluation module is configured to extract the second evaluation index using a net present value method based on a social regulation cost and benefit model; The strategy optimization module is configured to construct a strategy optimization model with the goal of maximizing the second evaluation indicator, and solve the optimal resource control strategy with the first evaluation indicator as a constraint condition.

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