Method for measuring RSSI

Abstract

One disclosure of the present specification provides a method of performing communication by a UE. The method comprises the steps of: receiving an RSSI measurement time configuration (RMTC) from a base station; performing a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurement in a frequency range 2-2 (FR2-2) based on the RMTC; and reporting a result of the RSSI measurement to the base station, where the RMTC does not include a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state based on the UE having no serving cell in FR2-2.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to mobile communications. Background Art

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a technology for enabling high-speed packet communications. Many schemes have been proposed for the LTE goal, including those aimed at reducing user and provider costs, improving service quality, and expanding and improving coverage and system capacity. As upper layer requirements, 3GPP LTE requires reduced cost per bit, increased service availability, flexible use of frequency bands, simple structure, open interfaces, and sufficient power consumption of terminals.

[0003] Development of requirements and specifications for New Radio (NR) systems has begun in the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and 3GPP. 3GPP must identify and develop technical components for successful standardization of new RATs that will meet both immediate market needs and longer-term requirements set forth by the ITU Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT)-2020 process in a timely manner. In addition, NR should be able to use any spectrum band in the range of at least up to 100 GHz that can be used for wireless communications even in the more distant future.

[0004] The goal of NR is a single technology framework that addresses all use cases, requirements and deployment scenarios, including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communications (mMTC), ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC), etc. NR should be inherently forward compatible. Summary of the invention

[0005] Technical issues

[0006] In FR2-2, if there is no serving cell for the UE or there are multiple serving cells for the UE, how the TCI state information of the RMTC used for RSSI measurement should be configured becomes a problem.

[0007] Technical Solutions

[0008] If there is no serving cell for the UE in FR2-2, the network may configure the UE without including TCI status information in the RMTC. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 An example of a communication system to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown.

[0010] Figure 2 An example of a wireless device to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown.

[0011] Figure 3An example of a UE to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown.

[0012] Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system.

[0013] Figure 5 An example of the electromagnetic spectrum is shown.

[0014] Figure 6 Examples of subframe types in NR are shown.

[0015] Figure 7 is an exemplary illustration illustrating an example of SSB in NR.

[0016] Figure 8 is an exemplary illustration illustrating an example of beam scanning in NR.

[0017] Fig. 9 An example of a flowchart according to an embodiment of the present specification is shown.

[0018] Fig.10 An example of a flowchart according to an embodiment of the present specification is shown.

[0019] Fig.11 A process of a UE according to the disclosure of this specification is shown.

[0020] Fig.12 The process of the base station according to the disclosure of this specification is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following techniques, devices and systems can be applied to various wireless multiple access systems. Examples of multiple access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and multi-carrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA) systems. CDMA can be implemented by radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented by radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), or Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented by radio technologies such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, or Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). UTRA is part of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA. 3GPP LTE adopts OFDMA in DL and SC-FDMA in UL. The evolutions of 3GPP LTE include LTE-A (Advanced), LTE-A Pro and / or 5G NR (New Radio).

[0022] For the convenience of description, the implementation of the present disclosure is mainly described with respect to a 3GPP-based wireless communication system. However, the technical features of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, although the following detailed description is given based on a mobile communication system corresponding to a 3GPP-based wireless communication system, various aspects of the present disclosure that are not limited to a 3GPP-based wireless communication system are applicable to other mobile communication systems.

[0023] For terms and techniques not specifically described among the terms and techniques used in the present disclosure, reference may be made to wireless communication standard documents published prior to the present disclosure.

[0024] In the present disclosure, "A or B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". In other words, "A or B" in the present disclosure may be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, "A, B, or C" in the present disclosure may mean "only A", "only B", "only C", or "any combination of A, B, and C".

[0025] In the present disclosure, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or". For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B". Thus, "A / B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C".

[0026] In the present disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". In addition, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" in the present disclosure may be interpreted as being the same as "at least one of A and B".

[0027] Additionally, in the disclosure, “at least one of A, B, and C” may mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B, and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B, or C” or “at least one of A, B, and / or C” may mean “at least one of A, B, and C.”

[0028] In addition, the brackets used in the present disclosure may mean "for example". In detail, when it is shown as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information". In other words, the "control information" in the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH", and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information". In addition, even when it is shown as "control information (ie, PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information".

[0029] The technical features described separately in one drawing in the present disclosure may be implemented separately or simultaneously.

[0030] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts of the present disclosure disclosed herein may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication and / or connection between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0031] Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise indicated, the same reference numerals in the following drawings and / or descriptions may represent the same and / or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks and / or functional blocks.

[0032] Figure 1 An example of a communication system to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown.

[0033] Figure 1 The 5G usage scenarios shown are only exemplary. The technical features of the present disclosure can be applied to Figure 1 Other 5G usage scenarios not shown.

[0034] The three main requirement categories for 5G include (1) enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) category, (2) massive machine type communications (mMTC) category, and (3) ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC) category.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 , the communication system 1 includes wireless devices 100a to 100f, a base station (BS) 200, and a network 300. Figure 1 A 5G network is shown as an example of a network of the communication system 1 , but implementations of the present disclosure are not limited to the 5G system and may be applied to future communication systems other than the 5G system.

[0036] BS 200 and network 300 may be implemented as wireless devices, and certain wireless devices may operate as BSs / network nodes relative to other wireless devices.

[0037] The wireless devices 100a to 100f represent devices that perform communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G new RAT (NR) or LTE), and may be referred to as communication / radio / 5G devices. The wireless devices 100a to 100f may include, but are not limited to, a robot 100a, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2, an extended reality (XR) device 100c, a handheld device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an IoT device 100f, and an artificial intelligence (AI) device / server 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with a wireless communication function, an autonomous driving vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing communication between vehicles. A vehicle may include an unmanned vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). An XR device may include an AR / VR / mixed reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a head mounted device (HMD), a head up display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smart phone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, and the like. Handheld devices may include smart phones, smart pads, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches or smart glasses), and computers (e.g., notebooks). Home appliances may include televisions, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices may include sensors and smart meters.

[0038] In the present disclosure, the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be referred to as user equipment (UE). For example, the UE may include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcast terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigation system, a slate personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, an ultrabook, a vehicle, a vehicle with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a UAV, an AI module, a robot, an AR device, a VR device, an MR device, a holographic device, a public safety device, an MTC device, an IoT device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a weather / environmental device, a device related to 5G services, or a device related to the field of the fourth industrial revolution.

[0039] For example, a UAV may be an aerial vehicle that is flown without humans aboard and is controlled by wireless signals.

[0040] For example, a VR device may include a device for realizing an object or background of a virtual world. For example, an AR device may include a device realized by connecting an object or background of a virtual world to an object or background of a real world. For example, an MR device may include a device realized by merging an object or background of a virtual world into an object or background of a real world. For example, a holographic device may include a device for realizing a 360-degree stereoscopic image by recording and reproducing stereoscopic information using a light interference phenomenon generated when two lasers meet, called holography.

[0041] For example, a public safety device may include an image relay device or an image device that may be wearable on a user's body.

[0042] For example, MTC devices and IoT devices may be devices that do not require direct human intervention or manipulation. For example, MTC devices and IoT devices may include smart meters, vending machines, thermometers, smart light bulbs, door locks, or various sensors.

[0043] For example, a medical device may be a device for the purpose of diagnosing, curing, alleviating, treating or preventing a disease. For example, a medical device may be a device for the purpose of diagnosing, curing, alleviating or correcting an injury or trauma. For example, a medical device may be a device for the purpose of inspecting, replacing or modifying a structure or function. For example, a medical device may be a device for regulating pregnancy. For example, a medical device may include a device for treatment, a device for operation, a device for (in vitro) diagnosis, a hearing aid or a device for surgery.

[0044] For example, the safety device may be a device installed to prevent possible danger and maintain safety. For example, the safety device may be a camera, a closed-circuit TV (CCTV), a recorder or a black box.

[0045] For example, a fintech device may be a device that is capable of providing financial services such as mobile payments. For example, a fintech device may include a payment device or a point of sale (POS) system.

[0046] For example, weather / environmental devices may include devices for monitoring or predicting weather / environmental conditions.

[0047] The wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the network 300 via the BS 200. AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f, and the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the AI ​​server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, and a super 5G network. Although the wireless devices 100a to 100f may communicate with each other via the BS 200 / network 300, the wireless devices 100a to 100f may perform direct communication (e.g., side link communication) with each other without passing through the BS 200 / network 300. For example, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 may perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). An IoT device (e.g., a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0048] Wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, and 150c may be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f and / or between wireless devices 100a to 100f and BS200 and / or between BS200. In this document, wireless communication / connection may be established through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR), such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication or device-to-device (D2D) communication 150b, inter-base station communication 150c (e.g., relay, integrated access and backhaul (IAB)), etc. Wireless devices 100a to 100f and BS200 / wireless devices 100a to 100f may send / receive radio signals to each other through wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, and 150c. For example, wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, and 150c may send / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least a portion of various configuration information configuration processes for sending / receiving radio signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and resource allocation processes may be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0049] AI refers to the field that studies artificial intelligence or the methods that can create it, while machine learning refers to the field that defines the various problems solved in the field of AI and the methods to solve them. Machine learning is also defined as algorithms that increase the performance of a task through steady experience with the task.

[0050] A robot means a machine that automatically processes or operates a given task through its own capabilities. In particular, a robot that has the ability to recognize the environment and determine the actions to be performed by itself can be called an intelligent robot. According to the purpose or field of use, robots can be classified as industrial, medical, household, military, etc. Robots can perform various physical operations, such as moving robot joints using actuators or motors. Mobile robots also include driven wheels, brakes, propellers, etc., allowing them to travel on the ground or fly in the air.

[0051] Autonomous driving means the technology of self-driving, and autonomous vehicles mean vehicles that are driven without user control or with minimal user control. For example, autonomous driving may include maintaining a lane while in motion, automatically adjusting speed (e.g., adaptive cruise control), automatically driving along a set route, and automatically setting a route when a destination is set. Vehicles cover vehicles equipped with an internal combustion engine, hybrid vehicles equipped with an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, and electric vehicles equipped with an electric motor, and may include trains, motorcycles, etc. as well as cars. Autonomous vehicles may be considered robots with autonomous driving capabilities.

[0052] Extended reality is collectively referred to as VR, AR, and MR. VR technology provides real-world objects and backgrounds only through computer graphics (CG) images. AR technology provides virtual CG images on top of real object images. MR technology is a CG technology that combines virtual objects into the real world. MR technology is similar to AR technology in that they display real objects and virtual objects together. However, the difference is that in AR technology, virtual objects are used as a supplementary form of real objects, while in MR technology, virtual objects and real objects are used as equal individuals.

[0053] NR supports multiple parameter sets (and / or multiple subcarrier spacing (SCS)) to support various 5G services. For example, if the SCS is 15kHz, wide areas can be supported in traditional cellular bands, and if the SCS is 30kHz / 60kHz, dense cities, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidths can be supported. If the SCS is 60kHz or higher, bandwidths greater than 24.25GHz can be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0054] The NR frequency band may be defined as two types of frequency ranges, namely, FR1 and FR2. The numerical values ​​of the frequency ranges may vary. For example, the two types of frequency ranges (FR1 and FR2) may be as shown in Table 1 below. For ease of explanation, in the frequency range used in the NR system, FR1 may mean "range below 6 GHz", FR2 may mean "range above 6 GHz" and may be referred to as millimeter wave (mmW).

[0055] [Table 1]

[0056] Frequency range specification Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier spacing FR1 450MHz-6000MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600MHz 60, 120, 240kHz

[0057] As described above, the numerical value of the frequency range of the NR system may be changed. For example, as shown in Table 2 below, FR1 may include a frequency band of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz. That is, FR1 may include a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850 MHz, 5900 MHz, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher. For example, a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850 MHz, 5900 MHz, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher included in FR1 may include an unlicensed frequency band. The unlicensed frequency band may be used for various purposes, such as for communication of vehicles (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0058] [Table 2]

[0059] Frequency range specification Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier spacing FR1 410MHz-7125MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600MHz 60, 120, 240kHz

[0060] Here, the radio communication technology implemented in the wireless device in the present disclosure may include narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) technology for low power communication as well as LTE, NR and 6G. For example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low power wide area network (LPWAN) technology, which may be implemented in specifications such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and may not be limited to the above names. Additionally and / or alternatively, the radio communication technology implemented in the wireless device in the present disclosure may be based on LTE-M technology communication. For example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and is referred to as various names such as enhanced machine type communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented in at least one of various specifications such as 1) LTE Cat 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine type communication and / or 7) LTE M, and may not be limited to the above names. Additionally and / or alternatively, the radio communication technology implemented in the wireless device in the present disclosure may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and / or LPWAN considering low power communication, and may not be limited to the above names. For example, ZigBee technology may generate a personal area network (PAN) associated with small / low power digital communication based on various specifications such as IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to as various names.

[0061] Figure 2 An example of a wireless device to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown.

[0062] exist Figure 2 In the embodiment, the first wireless device 100 and / or the second wireless device 200 may be implemented in various forms according to the usage / service. For example, {the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200} may correspond to Figure 1 At least one of {wireless devices 100a to 100f and BS200}, {wireless devices 100a to 100f and wireless devices 100a to 100f} and / or {BS200 and BS200}. The first wireless device 100 and / or the second wireless device 200 may be configured by various elements, devices / components and / or modules.

[0063] The first wireless device 100 may include at least one transceiver (eg, transceiver 106 ), at least one processing chip (eg, processing chip 101 ), and / or one or more antennas 108 .

[0064] The processing chip 101 may include at least one processor (eg, the processor 102 ) and at least one memory (eg, the memory 104 ). Additionally and / or alternatively, the memory 104 may be located outside the processing chip 101 .

[0065] The processor 102 may control the memory 104 and / or the transceiver 106, and may be adapted to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts described in the present disclosure. For example, the processor 102 may process the information in the memory 104 to generate first information / signals, and then send a radio signal including the first information / signals through the transceiver 106. The processor 102 may receive a radio signal including second information / signals through the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained by processing the second information / signals in the memory 104.

[0066] The memory 104 may be operably connected to the processor 102. The memory 104 may store various types of information and / or instructions. The memory 104 may store firmware and / or software code 105 that implements codes, commands, and / or command sets that, when executed by the processor 102, perform the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure. For example, the firmware and / or software code 105 may implement instructions that, when executed by the processor 102, perform the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure. For example, the firmware and / or software code 105 may control the processor 102 to execute one or more protocols. For example, the firmware and / or software code 105 may control the processor 102 to execute one or more layers of a radio interface protocol.

[0067] In this document, the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 106 may be connected to the processor 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 106 may be used interchangeably with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In the present disclosure, the first wireless device 100 may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0068] The second wireless device 200 may include at least one transceiver (eg, transceiver 206 ), at least one processing chip (eg, processing chip 201 ), and / or one or more antennas 208 .

[0069] The processing chip 201 may include at least one processor (eg, the processor 202 ) and at least one memory (eg, the memory 204 ). Additionally and / or alternatively, the memory 204 may be located outside the processing chip 201 .

[0070] The processor 202 may control the memory 204 and / or the transceiver 206, and may be adapted to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods and / or operational flow charts described in the present disclosure. For example, the processor 202 may process the information in the memory 204 to generate third information / signals, and then send a radio signal including the third information / signals through the transceiver 206. The processor 202 may receive a radio signal including fourth information / signals through the transceiver 106, and then store the information obtained by processing the fourth information / signals in the memory 204.

[0071] The memory 204 may be operably connected to the processor 202. The memory 204 may store various types of information and / or instructions. The memory 204 may store firmware and / or software code 205 that implements codes, commands, and / or command sets that, when executed by the processor 202, perform the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure. For example, the firmware and / or software code 205 may implement instructions that, when executed by the processor 202, perform the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure. For example, the firmware and / or software code 205 may control the processor 202 to execute one or more protocols. For example, the firmware and / or software code 205 may control the processor 202 to execute one or more layers of a radio interface protocol.

[0072] In this document, the processor 202 and the memory 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 206 may be connected to the processor 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 206 may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, the second wireless device 200 may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0073] In the following, the hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors 102 and 202, but are not limited thereto. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as a physical (PHY) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer). The one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs), one or more service data units (SDUs), messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) including a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the description, function, procedure, suggestion, method, and / or operational flowchart disclosed in the present disclosure, and provide the generated signal to the one or more transceivers 106 and 206. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from the one or more transceivers 106 and 206, and obtain the PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the description, function, procedure, suggestion, method, and / or operational flowchart disclosed in the present disclosure.

[0074] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 may be configured by a collection of a communication control processor, an application processor (AP), an electronic control unit (ECU), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a memory control processor.

[0075] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, hard drive, register, cache memory, computer-readable storage medium and / or a combination thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located inside and / or outside of one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 by various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0076] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may send user data, control information and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the description, function, process, suggestion, method and / or operation flow chart disclosed in the present disclosure to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the description, function, process, suggestion, method and / or operation flow chart disclosed in the present disclosure from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and send and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control so that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may send user data, control information or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control so that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information or radio signals from one or more other devices.

[0077] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208. Additionally and / or alternatively, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include one or more antennas 108 and 208. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be adapted to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In the present disclosure, one or more antennas 108 and 208 may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports).

[0078] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals so as to process the received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. using the one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert processed user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors 102 and 202. To this end, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may up-convert OFDM baseband signals into OFDM signals through their (analog) oscillators and / or filters under the control of one or more processors 102 and 202, and transmit the up-converted OFDM signals at a carrier frequency. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive an OFDM signal at a carrier frequency and down-convert the OFDM signal to an OFDM baseband signal via its (analog) oscillator and / or filter under the control of one or more processors 102 and 202 .

[0079] although Figure 2 1 , the wireless devices 100 and 200 may further include additional components. The additional components 140 may be configured differently depending on the type of the wireless devices 100 and 200. For example, the additional components 140 may include at least one of a power supply unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) device (e.g., an audio I / O port, a video I / O port), a drive device, and a computing device. The additional components 140 may be coupled to the one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies such as a wired or wireless connection.

[0080] In an implementation of the present disclosure, a UE may operate as a transmitting device in an uplink (UL) and as a receiving device in a downlink (DL). In an implementation of the present disclosure, a BS may operate as a receiving device in an UL and as a transmitting device in a DL. Hereinafter, for convenience of description, it is mainly assumed that the first wireless device 100 acts as a UE and the second wireless device 200 acts as a BS. For example, a processor 102 connected to, installed on, or started in the first wireless device 100 may be adapted to perform UE behavior according to an implementation of the present disclosure or control a transceiver 106 to perform UE behavior according to an implementation of the present disclosure. A processor 202 connected to, installed on, or started in the second wireless device 200 may be adapted to perform BS behavior according to an implementation of the present disclosure or control a transceiver 206 to perform BS behavior according to an implementation of the present disclosure.

[0081] In this disclosure, a BS is also referred to as a Node B (NB), an eNode B (eNB), or a gNB.

[0082] Figure 3 An example of a UE to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown.

[0083] Figure 3 An example of a UE to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown.

[0084] Reference Figure 3 , UE 100 may correspond to Figure 2 A first wireless device 100 is provided.

[0085] UE 100 includes a processor 102 , a memory 104 , a transceiver 106 , one or more antennas 108 , a power management module 141 , a battery 142 , a display 143 , a keypad 144 , a subscriber identity module (SIM) card 145 , a speaker 146 , and a microphone 147 .

[0086] The processor 102 may be adapted to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure. The processor 102 may be adapted to control one or more other components of the UE 100 to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure. The layers of the radio interface protocol may be implemented in the processor 102. The processor 102 may include an ASIC, other chipsets, logic circuits and / or data processing devices. The processor 102 may be an application processor. The processor 102 may include at least one of a DSP, a CPU, a GPU, a modem (modulator and demodulator). Examples of the processor 102 can be found at MANUFACTURED BY SNAPDRAGON TM Series processors, Manufactured by EXYNOS TM Series processors, A series of processors manufactured by Made by HELIO TM Series processors, ATOM manufactured TM series processors or corresponding to the next generation processors.

[0087] The memory 104 is operatively coupled to the processor 102 and stores various information to operate the processor 102. The memory 104 may include ROM, RAM, flash memory, memory card, storage medium, and / or other storage devices. When the embodiment is implemented in software, the techniques described herein may be implemented using modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that execute the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure. The modules may be stored in the memory 104 and executed by the processor 102. The memory 104 may be implemented within the processor 102 or external to the processor 102, in which case these may be communicatively coupled to the processor 102 via various means known in the art.

[0088] The transceiver 106 is operatively connected to the processor 102 and transmits and / or receives radio signals. The transceiver 106 includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 106 may include a baseband circuit to process radio frequency signals. The transceiver 106 controls one or more antennas 108 to transmit and / or receive radio signals.

[0089] The power management module 141 manages the power of the processor 102 and / or the transceiver 106. The battery 142 supplies power to the power management module 141.

[0090] The display 143 outputs a result processed by the processor 102. The keypad 144 receives an input to be used by the processor 102. The keypad 144 may be displayed on the display 143.

[0091] The SIM card 145 is an integrated circuit designed to securely store the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) number and its associated keys used to identify and authenticate subscribers on mobile telephony devices such as mobile phones and computers. Contact information can also be stored on many SIM cards.

[0092] The speaker 146 outputs sound related results processed by the processor 102. The microphone 147 receives sound related input to be used by the processor 102.

[0093] <6G System Overview>

[0094] The 6G (wireless communication) system has the following objectives: (i) very high data rate per device, (ii) very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connection, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connection, and (vii) interconnected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system may include four aspects, such as "intelligent connection", "deep connection", "holographic connection" and "ubiquitous connection", and the 6G system may meet the requirements shown in Table 3 below. That is, Table 3 shows the requirements of the 6G system.

[0095] [Table 3]

[0096] Peak data rate per device 1Tbps E2E Latency 1ms Maximum spectral efficiency 100bps / Hz Mobility support Up to 1000km / hr Satellite Integration Complete AI Complete Self-service vehicle Complete XR Complete Tactile communication Complete

[0097] The 6G system may have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), AI-integrated communications, tactile Internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0098] Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system.

[0099] The 6G system will have 50 times more simultaneous wireless communication connections than the 5G wireless communication system. As a key feature of 5G, URLLC will become a more important technology by providing an end-to-end delay of less than 1ms in 6G communication. At this time, unlike the frequently used domain spectrum efficiency, the 6G system can have better volume spectrum efficiency. The 6G system can provide advanced battery technology for energy harvesting and very long battery life, so mobile devices may not need to be charged separately in the 6G system. In addition, in 6G, new network features may be as follows.

[0100] -Satellite integrated network: In order to provide global mobile groups, 6G will be integrated with satellites. For 6G, it may be very important to integrate ground waves, satellites, and public networks into one wireless communication system.

[0101] -Connected Intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is innovative and wireless evolution can be updated from "connected things" to "connected intelligence." AI can be applied in each step of the communication process (or each signal processing process described below).

[0102] - Seamless integration of wireless information and energy transfer: 6G wireless networks can transfer power to charge the batteries of devices such as smartphones and sensors. Therefore, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET) will be integrated.

[0103] -Ubiquitous beyond 3D connectivity: Networks and core network functions accessing drones and very low earth orbit satellites will establish ubiquitous beyond 3D connectivity in 6G.

[0104] Among the new network features of 6G, several general requirements can be summarized as follows.

[0105] - Small cell network: The concept of small cell network is introduced to improve the received signal quality as a result of the improvement of throughput, energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency in cellular systems. As a result, small cell network is an essential feature of 5G and beyond 5G (5GB) communication systems. Therefore, 6G communication systems also adopt the characteristics of small cell network.

[0106] -Ultra-dense heterogeneous network: Ultra-dense heterogeneous network will be another important feature of 6G communication system. Multi-layer network composed of heterogeneous networks improves overall QoS and reduces costs.

[0107] - High-capacity backhaul: Backhaul connectivity is characterized by a high-capacity backhaul network in order to support high-capacity traffic. High-speed optical fiber and free-space optical (FSO) systems may be possible solutions to this problem.

[0108] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision positioning (or location-based services) through communication is one of the functions of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.

[0109] -Softwareization and virtualization: Softwareization and virtualization are two important functions that are the basis of the design process in 5GB networks in order to ensure flexibility, reconfiguration and programmability.

[0110] <Core Implementation Technology of 6G System>

[0111] AI

[0112] The most important new technology to be introduced in 6G systems is AI. AI is not involved in 4G systems. 5G systems will support partial or very limited AI. However, 6G systems will support AI for full automation. Advances in machine learning will create smarter networks in 6G for real-time communications. When AI is introduced to communications, real-time data transmission can be simplified and improved. AI can use countless analyses to determine how to perform complex target tasks. That is, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays.

[0113] Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection or resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. Even in M2M, machine-to-human and human-to-machine communication AI can play an important role. In addition, AI can be a fast communication in brain-computer interface (BCI). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, smart structures, smart networks, smart devices, smart identification radios, self-maintaining wireless networks and machine learning.

[0114] Recently, attempts have been made to integrate AI with wireless communication systems in the application layer or network layer, but deep learning has focused on the field of wireless resource management and allocation. However, these studies have gradually developed to the MAC layer and the physical layer, and in particular, attempts to combine deep learning in the physical layer with wireless transmission are emerging. AI-based physical layer transmission means applying AI-driven signal processing and communication mechanisms rather than traditional communication frameworks in basic signal processing and communication mechanisms. For example, it may include deep learning-based channel coding and decoding, deep learning-based signal estimation and detection, deep learning-based multiple input multiple output (MIMO) mechanisms, AI-based resource scheduling and allocation, etc.

[0115] Machine learning can be used for channel estimation and channel tracking, and can be used for power allocation, interference cancellation, etc. in the physical layer of DL. In addition, machine learning can be used for antenna selection, power control, symbol detection, etc. in MIMO systems.

[0116] Machine learning refers to a series of operations to train a machine in order to create a machine that can perform tasks that are impossible or difficult for humans to perform. Machine learning requires data and a learning model. In machine learning, data learning methods can be roughly divided into three methods, namely, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

[0117] Neural network learning is to minimize the output error. Neural network learning refers to the process of repeatedly inputting training data into the neural network, calculating the error between the output of the neural network and the target based on the training data, propagating the error of the neural network from the output layer of the neural network to the input layer to reduce the error, and updating the weights of each node of the neural network.

[0118] Supervised learning can use training data marked with the correct answer, while unsupervised learning can use training data without marking the correct answer. That is, for example, in the case of supervised learning for data classification, the training data can be marked with categories. The marked training data can be input to the neural network, and the output (category) of the neural network can be compared with the label of the training data to calculate the error. The calculated error is back-propagated from the neural network backward (i.e., from the output layer to the input layer), and the connection weights of each node of each layer of the neural network can be updated according to the back-propagation. The change in the updated connection weights of each node can be determined according to the learning rate. The calculation of the back-propagation of the input data and the error by the neural network can configure the learning cycle (epoch). The learning data can be applied differently according to the number of repetitions of the learning cycle of the neural network. For example, in the early learning stage of the neural network, a high learning rate can be used to increase efficiency so that the neural network quickly ensures a certain level of performance, and in the later learning stage, a low learning rate can be used to increase accuracy.

[0119] The learning method may vary according to the characteristics of the data. For example, in order to accurately predict data sent from a transmitter in a receiver in a communication system, learning may be performed using supervised learning rather than unsupervised learning or reinforcement learning.

[0120] The learning model corresponds to the human brain and can be regarded as the most basic linear model. However, the machine learning paradigm that uses a neural network structure with high complexity (e.g., an artificial neural network) as a learning model is called deep learning.

[0121] The neural network core used as the learning method can roughly include a deep neural network (DNN) method, a convolutional deep neural network (CNN) method, a recursive Boltzmann machine (RNN) method, and a spiking neural network (SNN). This learning model is applicable.

[0122] THz (Terahertz) Communication

[0123] The data rate can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be performed by using sub-TH communication with broadband and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, called submillimeter radiation, generally indicate a frequency band between 0.1THz and 10THz, corresponding to a wavelength in the range of 0.03mm to 3mm. The frequency band range of 100GHz to 300GHz (sub-THz band) is considered to be the main part of the THz band for cellular communication. When the sub-THz band is added to the mmWave band, the 6G cellular communication capacity increases. 300GHz to 3THz of the defined THz band is in the far infrared (IR) band. The band of 300GHz to 3THz is part of the optical band, but is at the boundary of the optical band and just behind the RF band. Therefore, the band of 300GHz to 3THz has similarities with RF.

[0124] Figure 5 An example of the electromagnetic spectrum is shown.

[0125] The main characteristics of THz communications include (i) wide bandwidth available to support very high data rates and (ii) high path loss occurring at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beamwidth generated in highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a greater number of antenna elements to be integrated with devices and BSs operating in this frequency band. Therefore, advanced adaptive deployment techniques that can overcome range limitations can be used.

[0126] Massive MIMO

[0127] One of the core technologies for improving spectrum efficiency is MIMO technology. When MIMO technology improves, spectrum efficiency also improves. Therefore, large-scale MIMO technology will be important in 6G systems. Since MIMO technology uses multiple paths, multiplexing technology suitable for THz bands and beam forming and management technology should be fully considered so that data signals are sent through one or more paths.

[0128] Holographic Beamforming

[0129] Beamforming is a signal processing process that adjusts an antenna array to send a radio signal in a specific direction. This is a subset of smart antennas or advanced antenna systems. Beamforming technology has multiple advantages such as high signal-to-noise ratio, interference prevention and suppression, and high network efficiency. Holographic beamforming (HBF) is a new beamforming method that is significantly different from MIMO systems because this uses software-defined antennas. In 6G, HBF will be a very effective method for efficient and flexible transmission and reception of signals in multi-antenna communication devices.

[0130] Optical Wireless Technology

[0131] Optical wireless communication (OWC) is a form of optical communication that uses visible light, infrared light (IR) or ultraviolet light (UV) to carry signals. OWC operating in the visible light band (e.g., 390nm to 750nm) is often referred to as visible light communication (VLC). VLC implementations can utilize light emitting diodes (LEDs). VLC can be used in a variety of applications, including wireless local area networks, wireless personal communication networks, and in-vehicle networks.

[0132] Compared with RF-based technologies, VLC has the following advantages. First, the spectrum occupied by VLC is free / licensed and can provide wide bandwidth (THz-level bandwidth). Second, VLC rarely causes significant interference to other electromagnetic devices. Therefore, VLC can be applied to electromagnetic interference-sensitive applications such as aircraft and hospitals. Third, VLC has advantages in communication security and privacy. The transmission medium (i.e., visible light) of VLC-based networks cannot pass through walls and other opaque obstacles. Therefore, the transmission range of VLC can be limited to indoors, which can protect the user's privacy and sensitive information. Fourth, VLC can use lighting sources as base stations, eliminating the need for expensive base stations.

[0133] Free space optical communication (FSO) is an optical communication technology that uses light propagating in free space (e.g., air, outer space, and vacuum) to wirelessly send data for telecommunications or computer networking. FSO can be used as a point-to-point OWC system on the ground. FSO can operate at near-infrared frequencies (750nm-1600nm). Laser transmitters can be used in FSO implementations, and FSO can provide high data rates (e.g., 10Gbit / s), providing a potential solution to the backhaul bottleneck.

[0134] In addition to RF-based communications for all possible device access networks, these OWC technologies are also planned for 6G communications. These networks will connect access networks to backhaul / fronthaul networks. OWC technologies have been in use since 4G communication systems, but will be more widely used to meet the needs of 6G communication systems. OWC technologies such as optical fidelity, visible light communication, optical camera communication, and FSO communication based on optical bands are already well-known technologies. Communications based on optical wireless technology can provide extremely high data rates, low latency, and secure communications.

[0135] In 6G communications based on optical bands, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) can also be used for ultra-high-resolution 3D mapping. LiDAR is a remote sensing method that illuminates an object using near-infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light, and detects the reflected light through a light sensor to measure the distance. LiDAR can be used for fully autonomous driving of cars.

[0136] FSO Backhaul Network

[0137] The characteristics of the transmitter and receiver of the FSO system are similar to those of the optical fiber network. Therefore, the data transmission of the FSO system is similar to that of the optical fiber system. Therefore, FSO may also be a good technology for providing backhaul connection in addition to the optical fiber network in the 6G system. When using FSO, very long-distance communication can be performed even at a distance of 10,000 km or more. FSO supports large-scale backhaul connections for remote and non-remote areas such as oceans, space, underwater, and isolated islands. FSO also supports cellular base station connections.

[0138] Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN)

[0139] 6G systems integrate ground and air networks to support vertically extended user communications. 3D BS will be delivered via low-orbit satellites and UAVs. Adding new dimensions in terms of altitude and associated degrees of freedom makes 3D connectivity very different from traditional 2D networks. NR sees non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) as a way to do this. NTNs are networks or network segments that utilize RF resources on satellites (or UAS platforms). For NTNs that provide access to user devices, there are two common scenarios: transparent payloads and regenerative payloads. The following are the essential elements of NTNs.

[0140] - One or more satellite gateways connecting the NTN to the public data network.

[0141] - GEO satellites are fed by one or more satellite gateways deployed across the satellite's target range (e.g., regional or continental coverage). We assume that a UE in a cell is served by only one satellite gateway.

[0142] - Non-GEO satellites are continuously served by one or more satellite gateways at a time. The system ensures service and feeder link continuity between the continuously serving satellite gateways for a duration sufficient to allow mobility anchoring and handoff.

[0143] -Feeder link or radio link between the satellite gateway and the satellite (or UAS platform).

[0144] - A service link or radio link between the user equipment and the satellite (or UAS platform).

[0145] - Satellites (or UAS platforms) capable of transparent or regenerative (including onboard processing) payloads. The satellite (or UAS platform) generates beams. A satellite (or UAS platform) typically generates multiple beams for a given service area based on its field of view. The footprint of the beam is typically elliptical. The field of view of a satellite (or UAS platform) depends on the onboard antenna pattern and the minimum angle of attack.

[0146] - Transparent Payload: RF filtering, frequency conversion and amplification. Therefore, the payload repetitive waveform signal remains unchanged.

[0147] - Regenerative payload: RF filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decryption, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation. This is effectively the same as having all or part of the base station functionality (e.g., gNB) on a satellite (or UAS platform).

[0148] -Optionally, in case of satellite deployment, Inter-Satellite Link (ISL). This requires a regenerative payload on the satellite. ISL can operate in RF frequencies or optical bands.

[0149] - User equipment is served by a satellite (or UAS platform) within the target coverage area.

[0150] Typically, GEO satellites and UAS are used to provide continental, regional or local services.

[0151] Typically, constellations in LEO and MEO are used to provide services in both the northern and southern hemispheres. In some cases, constellations can also provide global coverage, including polar regions. The latter requires appropriate orbital inclination, generation of sufficient beams, and links between satellites.

[0152] Quantum communication

[0153] Quantum communication is a next-generation communication technology that can overcome the limitations of traditional communications such as security and ultra-high-speed computing by applying the properties of quantum mechanics to the field of communication. Quantum communication provides a means to generate, send, process, and store information that cannot be expressed in the form of 0 and 1 based on binary bit information used in existing communication technologies. In traditional communication technology, wavelength or amplitude is used to transmit information between the transmitter and the receiver, but in quantum communication, photons (the smallest unit of light) are used to transmit information between the transmitter and the receiver. In particular, in the case of quantum communication, quantum uncertainty and quantum irreversibility can be used for the polarization or phase difference of photons (light), so quantum communication has the characteristics of being able to communicate completely securely. Quantum communication can also achieve ultra-high-speed communication using quantum entanglement under certain conditions.

[0154] No cellular communication

[0155] In 6G systems, the tight integration of multiple frequencies and heterogeneous communication technologies will be crucial. As a result, users will be able to move seamlessly from one network to another without having to create any manual configuration on their devices. The best network is automatically selected from the available communication technologies. This will break the limitations of the cell concept in wireless communications. Currently, moving users from one cell to another in a dense network causes too many handovers, resulting in handover failures, handover delays, data loss, and ping-pong effects. 6G cellular-free communications will overcome all of these and provide better QoS.

[0156] Cell-free communication is defined as "a system in which a large number of geographically distributed antennas (APs) collaboratively provide services to a small number of terminals using the same time / frequency resources with the help of a fronthaul network and a CPU". A single terminal is served by a group of multiple APs (called an AP cluster). There are many ways to form an AP cluster, among which the method of configuring an AP cluster with APs that can significantly contribute to improving the reception performance of the terminal is called the terminal-centric cluster method, and when this method is used, the configuration is dynamically updated as the terminal moves. By adopting this device-centric AP clustering technology, the device is always at the center of the AP cluster and is therefore not affected by the inter-cluster interference that would occur if the device was located at the boundary of the AP cluster. This cell-free communication will be achieved through multi-connectivity and multi-layer hybrid technologies as well as different heterogeneous radios in the device.

[0157] Integration of Wireless Information and Energy Transfer (WIET)

[0158] WIET uses the same fields and waves as wireless communication systems. In particular, sensors and smartphones will be charged using wireless power transfer during communication. WIET is a promising technology for extending the life of batteries used to charge wireless systems. Therefore, devices without batteries will be supported in 6G communications.

[0159] Integration of wireless communications and sensing

[0160] Autonomous wireless networks are the ability to continuously detect dynamically changing environmental states and exchange information between different nodes. In 6G, sensing will be tightly integrated with communications to support autonomous systems.

[0161] Integrated access and backhaul networks

[0162] In 6G, the density of access networks will be huge. Each access network is connected by optical fiber and backhaul connections (such as FSO networks). In order to cope with the very large number of access networks, the access network and the backhaul network will be tightly integrated.

[0163] Big Data Analysis

[0164] Big data analytics is a complex process used to analyze various large data sets or big data. This process looks for information such as hidden data, unknown correlations, and customer dispositions to ensure complete data management. Big data is collected from various sources such as videos, social networks, images, and sensors. This technology is widely used to process massive amounts of data in 6G systems.

[0165] Reconfigurable smart surfaces

[0166] A large amount of research has focused on the radio environment as a variable to be optimized along with the transmitter and receiver. The radio environment created by this approach is called a smart radio environment (SRE) or intelligent radio environment (IRE) to emphasize its fundamental difference from past design and optimization standards. For reconfigurable smart antennas (or intelligent reconfigurable antenna technology) as a technology to achieve SRE, various terms have been proposed, including reconfigurable metasurfaces, smart large smart surfaces (SLIS), large smart surfaces (LIS), reconfigurable smart surfaces (RIS), and intelligent reflective surfaces (IRS).

[0167] In the case of THz band signals, due to the strong linearity of the signal, there are many shadow areas caused by obstacles, and it is important to install RIS near these shadow areas to expand the communication area, enhance communication stability, and enable additional optional services. RIS is an artificial surface made of electromagnetic materials that changes the propagation of incoming and outgoing radio waves. Although RIS can be regarded as an extension of massive MIMO, it has an array structure and operating mechanism different from massive MIMO. RIS also has the advantage of lower power consumption because it operates as a reconfigurable reflector with passive elements, meaning that it only passively reflects signals without the use of an active RF chain. In addition, each passive reflector in RIS must independently adjust the phase shift of the incident signal, which is beneficial to the wireless communication channel. By appropriately adjusting the phase shift via the RIS controller, the reflected signal can be collected at the target receiver to increase the received signal power.

[0168] In addition to reflecting radio signals, some RIS are able to adjust transmission and refraction properties, and these RIS are often used in outdoor-to-indoor (O2I) applications. Recently, STAR-RIS (Simultaneous Transmission and Reflection RIS) that provides transmission while reflecting has also been actively studied.

[0169] metaverse

[0170] The metaverse is a combination of the words "meta", meaning virtual and transcendent, and "universe", meaning space. Typically, the term is used to describe a three-dimensional virtual space where the same social and economic activities as in the real world are common.

[0171] Extended reality (XR) is a key technology to realize the metaverse, which extends the reality experience and provides a unique immersive experience through the intersection of the virtual world and the real world. The high bandwidth and low latency of 6G networks will enable users to experience more immersive virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) experiences.

[0172] Autonomous driving (self-driving)

[0173] For fully autonomous driving, vehicles must communicate with each other to inform each other of dangerous situations, or communicate with infrastructure such as parking lots and traffic lights to check information such as parking location information and signal change time. Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is a key element when building an autonomous driving infrastructure. It is a technology that enables vehicles to communicate and share information with various elements on the road to perform autonomous driving (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I)).

[0174] In order to maximize the performance of autonomous driving and ensure high safety, fast transmission speed and low latency technology are essential. In addition, in the future, in addition to transmitting warning and guidance messages to the driver, autonomous driving will need to send and receive a large amount of information in order to actively intervene in the operation of the vehicle and directly control the vehicle in dangerous situations, and 6G is expected to maximize autonomous driving with faster transmission speeds and lower latency compared to 5G.

[0175] Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

[0176] In 6G wireless communications, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones will be an important factor. In most cases, UAV technology is used to provide high-speed data wireless connections. The base station entity is installed in the UAV to provide cellular connections. UAVs have certain features that are not available in fixed base station infrastructures, such as easy deployment, strong line-of-sight links, and controllable freedom of mobility. During emergencies such as natural disasters, the deployment of terrestrial telecommunication infrastructure is economically unfeasible and sometimes services cannot be provided in volatile environments. UAVs can easily handle this situation. UAVs will become a new paradigm in the field of wireless communications. This technology contributes to the three basic requirements of wireless networks such as eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also serve many purposes, such as network connectivity improvements, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and surveillance, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident monitoring. Therefore, UAV technology is considered to be one of the most important technologies for 6G communications.

[0177] Blockchain

[0178] Blockchain will become an important technology for managing a large amount of data in future communication systems. Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology, and a distributed ledger is a database distributed across numerous nodes or computing devices. Each node replicates and stores the same copy of the ledger. The blockchain is managed through a peer-to-peer (P2P) network. This can exist without being managed by a centralized institution or server. Blockchain data is collected together and organized into blocks. The blocks are connected to each other and protected using encryption. Blockchain fully complements large-scale IoT through improved interoperability, security, privacy, stability, and scalability. Therefore, blockchain technology provides multiple functions such as interoperability between devices, high-capacity data traceability, autonomous interaction of different IoT systems, and large-scale connection stability of 6G communication systems.

[0179] Figure 6 An example of the subframe type in NR is shown.

[0180] For NR (or new RAT), Figure 6 The TTI (transmission time interval) shown can be referred to as a subframe or a time slot. Figure 6 The subframe (or time slot) can be used for the TDD system of NR (or new RAT) to minimize data transmission latency. As Figure 6 shown, similar to the current subframe, the subframe (or time slot) includes 14 symbols. The first symbol of the subframe (or time slot) can be used for the DL control channel, and the last symbol of the subframe (or time slot) can be used for the UL control channel. The remaining symbols can be used for DL data transmission or UL data transmission. According to this subframe (or time slot) structure, downlink transmission and uplink transmission can be sequentially performed in one subframe (or time slot). Therefore, downlink data can be received within the subframe (or time slot), and uplink acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) can be sent within the subframe (or time slot).

[0181] The subframe (or time slot) with this structure can be referred to as a self-contained subframe (or time slot). The advantage of using the subframe (or time slot) with this structure is that it reduces the time spent retransmitting misreceived data, thereby minimizing the latency of the final data transmission. In this self-contained subframe (or time slot) structure, a time gap may be required for the transition from the transmit mode to the receive mode or from the receive mode to the transmit mode. For this purpose, some OFDM symbols in the transition from DL to UL in the subframe structure can be set as a guard period (GP).

[0182] <SS block in NR>

[0183] The SS block (SS / PBCH block: SSB) includes a synchronization signal (Synchronization Signal: SS) (including PSS and SSS) and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), which contains the information required for the terminal to perform initial access in 5G NR, namely the master information block (MIB).

[0184] Additionally, multiple SSBs may be grouped to define an SS burst, and multiple SS bursts may be grouped to define an SS burst set. It is assumed that each SSB is beamformed in a specific direction, and several SSBs in an SS burst set are designed to support UEs in different directions.

[0185] Figure 7 is an exemplary illustration illustrating an example of SSB in NR.

[0186] Reference Figure 7 , SS bursts are sent at every predetermined period. Accordingly, the UE receives the SSB and performs cell detection and measurement.

[0187] At the same time, in 5G NR, beam scanning is performed for SSB. Figure 8 Describe this.

[0188] Figure 8 is an exemplary illustration illustrating an example of beam scanning in NR.

[0189] The base station transmits each SSB in the SS burst set while performing beam scanning according to time. At this time, several SSBs in the SS burst set are transmitted to support UEs in different directions.

[0190] <Measurement>

[0191] Measurements are performed for the operation and optimization of mobile communication systems. The measurements are used to evaluate various parameters related to radio signal quality and network performance.

[0192] For measurements, measurement configuration, schedule, reporting criteria and trigger conditions can be defined.

[0193] The measurement objects may be neighbor cells, signal quality indicators, channel quality indicators, signal-to-noise ratios, received signal strengths, and other related parameters.

[0194] When measurements are performed, the results are reported to the network.

[0195] Based on the measurement results, handover or cell selection can be performed. The quality and suitability of neighbor cells can be determined through measurements, and the measurement results can be used to determine the network to perform corresponding operations.

[0196] While 3GPP specifications provide guidance and standards related to measurements, it should be noted that the specific implementation and interpretation of measurements may differ between network operators and device manufacturers.

[0197] Regarding the aforementioned received signal strength, there are indicators such as RSRP, RSRQ, CQI, and RSSI.

[0198] <Disclosure of this specification>

[0199] The present specification may be a configuration related to the QCL assumption of the UE when the UE performs RSSI measurement (same frequency / different frequency) in the millimeter wave band.

[0200] The serving cell in this specification refers to a cell that is providing services to a terminal.

[0201] In order to receive a signal from a base station in the millimeter wave frequency band, the terminal may set a specific receiving beam direction to the serving base station.

[0202] The network may send the RMTC configuration to the terminal. The UE may then perform RSSI measurement. To perform RSSI measurement, the UE may determine the QCL assumption based on the TCI state included in the RMTC configuration.

[0203] RMTC configuration may include rmtc-Periodicity-r16, rmtc-SubframeOffset-r16, measDurationSymbols-r16, rmtc-Frequency-r16, ref-SCS-CP-r16, rmtc-Bandwidth-r17, measDurationSymbols-v1700, ref-SCS-CP-v1700, and tci-StateInfo-r17.

[0204] tci-StateInfo-r17 may include tci-StateId, TCI-StateId, ref-ServCellId, and ServCellIndex.

[0205] The ServCellId of ref-ServCellId may indicate a serving cell index of reference FR2-2 for the TCI state.

[0206] tci-StateId may indicate the TCI state to be used for RSSI measurement. tci-StateId may only apply to shared spectrum channel access in FR2-2. Shared spectrum channel access may be a license-free band.

[0207] Fig. 9An example of a flowchart according to an embodiment of the present specification is shown.

[0208] The base station (gNB) can configure RMTC to the UE so that the terminal performs RSSI measurement for FR2-2.

[0209] If the RMTC includes TCI state information (ie, the above-mentioned tci-StateInfo-r17), the terminal may perform RSSI measurement for FR2-2 based on the TCI state information.

[0210] If there is no TCI state information in the RMTC and if there is another RMTC configuration for FR2-2, the terminal can perform RSSI measurement for FR2-2 based on the TCI state information of the other RMTC (if there are multiple RMTCs, the RMTC of the cell corresponding to the highest cell index or the lowest cell index). The terminal can report the RSSI measurement result to the base station.

[0211] If there is no TCI state information in the RMTC and there is no other RMTC configuration for FR2-2, the terminal can perform RSSI measurement for FR2-2 based on the QCL Type D used by the most recently received PDCCH / PDSCH in the serving cell corresponding to the highest cell index or the lowest cell index among multiple serving cells in FR2-2. The terminal can report the RSSI measurement result to the base station.

[0212] 1. When there is a serving cell in the millimeter wave band (e.g., FR2-2)

[0213] The case where the base station configures RMTC for the terminal but TCI state information does not exist in the RMTC will be described later.

[0214] (1) If TCI status information exists in other RMTCs configured in the serving cell of the FR2-2 frequency band, the terminal may perform RSSI measurement with reference to the TCI status information in the other RMTCs.

[0215] If there are two or more RMTCs including TCI status information in the FR2-2 band (i.e., if there are multiple serving cells in the FR2-2 band and each RMTC is set in each serving cell), the terminal performs an operation, which may be the following (1)-i and / or (1)-ii.

[0216] (1)-i. The terminal can determine the service cell corresponding to the lowest cell index or the highest cell index among multiple service cells, and refer to the TCI status information in the RMTC configuration for the determined service cell to perform RSSI measurement. Alternatively, the base station can determine which service cell's RMTC TCI status information to refer to, and the base station can configure the cell index of the determined service cell to the terminal through an RRC message. Then, the terminal can select a specific service cell from among multiple service cells based on the cell index, and can refer to the TCI status information in the RMTC configuration of the selected service cell.

[0217] The base station may configure each cell index of multiple serving cells to the terminal as an RRC message.

[0218] (1)-ii. The terminal may perform RSSI measurement by referring to the TCI state in the RMTC configuration for the most recently performed RSSI measurement.

[0219] (2) If TCI status information does not exist in other RMCTs configured in the serving cell of FR2-2, the terminal may perform RSSI measurement using QCL Type D used by the most recently received PDCCH / PDSCH in the FR2-2 band.

[0220] When there are multiple serving cells in the FR2-2 frequency band, the operations performed by the terminal may be the following (2)-i, (2)-ii and / or (2)-iii.

[0221] (2)-i. The terminal can determine the service cell corresponding to the lowest cell index or the highest cell index among multiple service cells, and perform RSSI measurement using the QCL TypeD used by the PDCCH / PDSCH most recently received in the determined service cell. Alternatively, the base station can determine which service cell's RMTC TCI state information to refer to, and the base station can configure the cell index of the determined service cell to the terminal through an RRC message. The service cell corresponding to the lowest cell index or the highest cell index can be a service cell configured with RMTC.

[0222] (2)-ii. The UE may perform RSSI measurement using QCL Type D used by the most recently received PDCCH / PDSCH in the serving cell of the most recently performed RSSI measurement target.

[0223] (2)-iii. Regardless of whether the serving cell corresponds to the highest / lowest index and whether it is the target serving cell of the most recent RSSI measurement, the UE may perform RSSI measurement using the QCL Type D used by the PDCCH / PPDSCH of the serving cell from which the UE most recently received the PDCCH / PDSCH. That is, RSSI measurement may be performed using the QCL Type D used by the most recently received PDCCH / PDSCH.

[0224] If PDCCH / PDSCH is received simultaneously in multiple serving cells, the UE may perform RSSI measurement using QCL Type D used by the PDCCH / PDSCH of the serving cell corresponding to the lowest cell index or the highest cell index (or the cell index configured by the base station via an RRC message).

[0225] (3) When there are multiple serving cells in FR2-2

[0226] The UE may perform RSSI measurement using QCL Type D used by a most recently received PDCCH / PDSCH in a serving cell corresponding to a lowest cell index or a highest cell index among a plurality of serving cells.

[0227] The serving cell corresponding to the lowest cell index or the highest cell index may be a serving cell configured with an RMTC including TCI state information (TCI state ID).

[0228] 2. In the case where there is no serving cell in the millimeter wave band (e.g., FR2-2)

[0229] Since there is no serving cell for the terminal in FR2-2, a base station described later may be a base station that manages a serving cell of FR1 or FR2-1.

[0230] (1) The base station may not configure RMTC for the terminal. Alternatively, the terminal may not expect RMTC configuration from the base station. Alternatively, even if RMTC configuration is sent from the base station, the UE may be allowed not to perform RSSI measurement.

[0231] (2) The UE can perform RSSI measurements on all Rx beams in FR2-2.

[0232] As a measurement result, the terminal may report the maximum RSSI measurement result to the base station. That is, the terminal may report only the result of measuring the Rx beam with the maximum RSSI value to the base station.

[0233] Alternatively, if the base station has specified to report the largest N RSSI measurement results, the terminal may report the largest N RSSI measurement results to the base station.

[0234] Alternatively, the terminal may report to the base station an average value of the RSSI measurement results measured in each receive beam.

[0235] (3) The UE may desire not to receive TCI status information from a serving cell that does not belong to FR2-2 (FR1 serving cell or FR2-1 serving cell).

[0236] (4) The UE may perform RSSI measurement on the FR2-2 cell based on the Rx beam matched with the best Tx beam according to the measurement results such as RSRP / RSRQ performed on the FR2-2 cell.

[0237] The UE can obtain RSRP / RSRQ as a measurement result by performing SSB or CSI-RS based measurements on the adjacent (neighbor) FR2-2 cell. Based on the measurement results, the UE can determine the best Rx beam for the UE of the neighbor FR2-2 cell. The UE can perform RSSI measurement for FR2-2 using the Rx beam based on the best Tx beam. The UE can report the results of the RSSI measurement to the base station.

[0238] The RMTC configured by the base station for the UE may include SSB-related information (e.g., SSB frequency axis position information and / or SSB index) or CSI-RS-related information (e.g., CSI-RS frequency axis position information and / or CSI-RS sequence-related information) or adjacent (neighbor) FR2-2 cell information (e.g., cell identifier information such as frequency axis information and / or the physical cell index to which the cell belongs).

[0239] For example, when the base station provides the SSB index to the terminal through RMTC configuration, the terminal can select a specific SSB index (e.g., the best SSB index) based on the RSRP / RSRQ for each SSB index provided (RSRP / RSRQ for each SSB index measured by the terminal before RMTC configuration or RSRP / RSRQ for each SSB index measured by the terminal after RMTC configuration). The terminal can perform RSSI measurement in the direction of the beam (or RX spatial filter) receiving the selected SSB index. The terminal can report the RSSI measurement result to the base station.

[0240] Fig.10 An example of a flowchart according to an embodiment of the present specification is shown.

[0241] The base station (gNB) may configure RMTC to the UE so that the UE performs RSSI measurement for FR2-2. There may be no serving cell for the UE in FR2-2.

[0242] If there may be no serving cell for the UE in FR2-2, the base station may not configure TCI status information in the RMTC.

[0243] Then, the UE may perform RSSI measurement on the FR2-2 cell based on the Rx beam matched with the best Tx beam according to the measurement results such as RSRP / RSRQ performed on the FR2-2 cell.

[0244] The UE may report the RSSI measurement result to the base station.

[0245] 3.RMTC (RSSI measurement timing configuration)

[0246] RMTC-config may include RMTC period, subframe offset, measurement symbol, bandwidth, TCI state information, etc. for measuring RSSI, and may be configured as follows.

[0247] RMTC-config-16 can include rmtc-Periodicity-r16, rmtc-SubframeOffset-r16, measDurationSymbols-r16, rmtc-Frequency-r16, r ef-SCS-CP-r16, rmtc-Bandwidth-r17, measDurationSymbols-v1700, ref-SCS-CP-v1700, tci-StateInfo-r17 and ref-BWPId-r17.

[0248] tci-StateInfo-r17 may include tci-StateId-r17 (tci-StateId) and ref-ServCellId-r17 (ServCellIndex).

[0249] measDurationSymbols may be the number of consecutive symbols for which the physical layer reports RSSI samples. sym1 may correspond to one symbol, and sym14or12 may correspond to a reference number of 14 symbols for NCP and 12 symbols for ECP.

[0250] If measDurationSymbols-v1700 is signaled, the UE may ignore measDurationSymbols-r16.

[0251] ref-BWPId may indicate the reference BWP for the TCI state indicated in tci-StateInfo. The network may include this field if tci-StateInfo is present. This field may only apply to operations using shared spectrum channel access in FR2-2. If the UE does not have a serving cell in FR2-2, the network may not configure this field.

[0252] ref-SCS-CP may indicate the reference SCS (subcarrier spacing) and CP (cyclic prefix) to be used for RSSI measurement. kHz15 may correspond to 15kHz, and kHz30 may correspond to 30kHz. kHz60-NCP may correspond to 60kHz using a normal cyclic prefix (NCP), and kHz60-ECP may correspond to 60kHz using an extended cyclic prefix (ECP).

[0253] ref-ServCellId may indicate the FR2-2 reference serving cell index for the TCI state. The network may include this field if tci-StateInfo is present. This field applies only to the operation of shared spectrum channel access in FR2-2. If the UE does not have any serving cell in FR2-2, the network may not configure this field.

[0254] rmtc-Bandwidth may indicate the bandwidth used for RSSI measurement.

[0255] rmtc-Frequency may indicate the center frequency of a measurement bandwidth of frequencies used for operation with shared spectrum channel access.

[0256] rmtc-Periodicity may indicate the RSSI measurement timing configuration (RMTC) periodicity.

[0257] rmtc-SubframeOffset may indicate the RSSI measurement timing configuration (RMTC) subframe offset for this frequency. For inter-frequency measurements, this field is optional, and if it is not configured, the UE may select a random value as rmtc-SubframeOffset, and measDurationSymbol shall be selected between 0 and the configured rmtc-Periodicity with equal probability.

[0258] tci-StateId may indicate the TCI state to be used for RSSI measurement. This field is applicable only for shared spectrum channel access in FR2-2. If the UE does not have any serving cell in FR2-2, the network may not configure this field, and in this case, it is up to the UE implementation to decide how to determine the spatial domain filter for inter-frequency RSSI measurement in FR2-2.

[0259] The following drawings are drawn to illustrate specific examples of the present specification. Since the names of specific devices or the names of specific signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are provided as examples, the technical features of the present specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0260] Fig.11 A process of a UE according to the disclosure of this specification is shown.

[0261] 1. The UE may receive RMTC (RSSI measurement time configuration) from the base station.

[0262] 2. The UE may perform RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) measurements in FR2-2 (Frequency Range 2-2) based on RMTC.

[0263] 3. The UE may report the RSSI measurement results to the base station.

[0264] Based on the UE not having any serving cell in FR2-2, the RMTC may not include the TCI (Transmission Configuration Indicator) status.

[0265] The steps to perform RSSI measurement may be:

[0266] Based on the UE having multiple serving cells in FR2-2, it is performed using QCL (quasi co-location) Type D of the nearest PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) in the serving cell corresponding to the highest cell index or the lowest cell index among the multiple serving cells.

[0267] The steps to perform RSSI measurement may be:

[0268] Based on the UE having multiple serving cells in FR2-2, it is performed using QCL (quasi co-location) Type D of the nearest PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) in the serving cell corresponding to the highest cell index or the lowest cell index among the multiple serving cells.

[0269] Based on the UE having no serving cell in FR2-2, the UE may skip performing RSSI measurement.

[0270] The steps to perform RSSI measurement may be:

[0271] Based on the UE having no serving cell in FR2-2, RSSI is measured for each of the multiple Rx beams.

[0272] The steps for reporting RRSI measurements may be:

[0273] The maximum RSSI among the measured RSSIs for each of the multiple Rx beams is reported.

[0274] The steps for reporting RRSI measurements may be:

[0275] The average value of the RSSI measured for each of the multiple Rx beams is reported.

[0276] The step of performing RSSI measurements may be performed for a license-exempt frequency band.

[0277] Fig.12 The process of the base station according to the disclosure of this specification is shown.

[0278] 1. The base station may send RMTC (RSSI measurement time configuration) to the UE (user equipment).

[0279] 2. The base station may receive, from the UE, a result of RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) measurement performed by the UE based on the RMTC.

[0280] Based on the UE having no serving cell in FR2-2, the RMTC may not include TCI (Transmission Configuration Indicator) status.

[0281] Based on the UE having no serving cell in FR2-2, the base station may skip receiving the RSSI measurement result.

[0282] Based on the UE having no serving cell in FR2-2, the result of the RSSI measurement may be a maximum RSSI among RSSIs for each of a plurality of Rx beams, wherein the RSSI is measured by the UE.

[0283] Based on the UE having no serving cell in FR2-2, the result of the RSSI measurement may be an average value of RSSI for each of the plurality of Rx beams, where the RSSI is measured by the UE.

[0284] An apparatus for performing communication according to some embodiments of the present specification will be described below.

[0285] For example, the apparatus may include a processor, a transceiver, and a memory.

[0286] For example, a processor may be configured to be operatively connected with a memory and a processor.

[0287] The processor can execute: receiving RMTC (RSSI measurement time configuration) from the base station; performing RSSI (received signal strength indicator) measurement in FR2-2 (frequency range 2-2) based on RMTC; reporting the result of RSSI measurement to the base station, wherein, based on the UE not having any service cell in FR2-2, RMTC does not include TCI (transmission configuration indicator) status.

[0288] A processor of a UE that provides communications according to some embodiments of the present specification will be described below.

[0289] The processor can execute: receiving RMTC (RSSI measurement time configuration) from the base station; performing RSSI (received signal strength indicator) measurement in FR2-2 (frequency range 2-2) based on RMTC; reporting the result of RSSI measurement to the base station, wherein RMTC does not include TCI (transmission configuration indicator) status based on the UE not having any service cell in FR2-2.

[0290] Hereinafter, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions for providing a multicast service in wireless communication according to some embodiments of the present specification will be described.

[0291] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the technical features of the present disclosure may be directly implemented as hardware, software executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. For example, in wireless communications, the method performed by the wireless device may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. For example, the software may reside in a RAM memory, a flash memory, a ROM memory, an EPROM memory, an EEPROM memory, a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or other storage media.

[0292] Some examples of storage media are coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage media. Alternatively, the storage medium can be integrated into the processor. The processor and the storage medium can reside in an ASIC. As another example, the processor and the storage medium can reside as separate components.

[0293] Computer readable media may include tangible and non-volatile computer readable storage media.

[0294] For example, the non-volatile computer readable medium may include a random access memory (RAM), such as a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), or a non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM). Read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, magnetic or optical data storage media, or other media that can be used to store instructions or data structures, or non-volatile computer readable media may also include combinations of the above.

[0295] Furthermore, the methods described herein may be implemented at least in part by a computer-readable communication medium carrying code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed, read, and / or executed by a computer.

[0296] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, one or more instructions are stored on a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The one or more stored instructions may be executed by a processor of a UE.

[0297] The one or more stored instructions cause the processor to: determine the configured maximum output power; receive RMTC (RSSI measurement time configuration) from the base station; perform RSSI (received signal strength indicator) measurement in FR2-2 (frequency range 2-2) based on RMTC; report the result of RSSI measurement to the base station, wherein, based on the UE not having any serving cell in FR2-2, the RMTC does not include a TCI (transmission configuration indicator) status.

[0298] This description can have various effects.

[0299] For example, by explicitly configuring operations in the network for RSSI measurements in the FR2-2 band, the ambiguity conventionally associated with RSSI measurements is resolved.

[0300] The effects that can be obtained through the specific examples of this specification are not limited to the effects listed above. For example, there may be various technical effects that a person of ordinary skill in the relevant field can understand or deduce from this specification. Therefore, the specific effects of this specification are not limited to those explicitly described herein, and may include various effects that can be understood or derived from the technical characteristics of this specification.

[0301] The claims described herein may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. In addition, the technical features of the method claims of this specification and the technical features of the device claims may be combined to implement a device, and the technical features of the method claims of this specification and the technical features of the device claims may be combined and implemented as a method. Other implementations are within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

1. A method for performing communication by a user equipment UE, the method The following steps are involved: Receive the received signal strength indicator RSSI measurement time configuration RMTC from the base station; performing RSSI measurement in frequency range 2-2FR2-2 based on the RMTC; reporting the RSSI measurement result to the base station, Wherein, based on the fact that the UE does not have any serving cell in FR2-2, the RMTC does not include a transmission configuration indicator TCI state.

2. The method according to claim 1, in, Based on the UE having multiple serving cells in the FR2-2, the step of performing the RSSI measurement is performed using a quasi-co-located QCL Type D for the latest physical downlink control channel PDCCH in the serving cell corresponding to the highest cell index or the lowest cell index among the multiple serving cells.

3. The method according to claim 1, in, Based on the UE having multiple serving cells in the FR2-2, the step of performing the RSSI measurement is performed using a quasi-co-located QCL Type D for the latest physical downlink shared channel PDSCH in the serving cell corresponding to the highest cell index or the lowest cell index among the multiple serving cells.

4. The method according to claim 1, in, Based on the UE not having a serving cell in the FR2-2, the UE skips performing the RSSI measurement.

5. The method according to claim 1, in, Based on the UE not having a serving cell in the FR2-2, the step of performing the RSSI measurement is measuring RSSI for each of a plurality of Rx beams.

6. The method according to claim 5, in, The step of reporting the result of the RSSI measurement is reporting a maximum RSSI among the RSSIs measured for each of the plurality of Rx beams.

7. The method according to claim 5, in, The step of reporting the result of the RSSI measurement is reporting an average value of the RSSI measured for each of the plurality of Rx beams.

8. The method according to claim 1, in, The step of performing the RSSI measurement is performed for a license-exempt frequency band.

9. A user equipment UE performing communication, the UE include: Transceiver; as well as processor, The processor performs an operation, wherein the operation includes: Receive the received signal strength indicator RSSI measurement time configuration RMTC from the base station; performing RSSI measurement in frequency range 2-2FR2-2 based on the RMTC; reporting the RSSI measurement result to the base station, Wherein, based on the fact that the UE does not have any serving cell in FR2-2, the RMTC does not include a transmission configuration indicator TCI state.

10. A method for performing communication by a base station, the method The following steps are involved: Sending a received signal strength indicator RSSI measurement time configuration RMTC to a user equipment UE; receiving, from the UE, a result of RSSI measurement performed by the UE based on the RMTC, Wherein, based on the fact that the UE has no serving cell in FR2-2, the RMTC does not include a transmission configuration indicator TCI state.

11. The method according to claim 10, in, Based on the UE not having a serving cell in the FR2-2, the base station skips receiving the result of the RSSI measurement.

12. The method according to claim 10, in, Based on the UE not having a serving cell in the FR2-2, a result of the RSSI measurement is a maximum RSSI among RSSIs for each of a plurality of Rx beams, wherein the RSSIs are measured by the UE.

13. The method according to claim 10, in, Based on the UE not having a serving cell in the FR2-2, a result of the RSSI measurement is an average value among RSSIs for each of a plurality of Rx beams, wherein the RSSI is measured by the UE.

14. A base station for performing communication, the base station include: Transceiver; as well as processor, The processor performs an operation, wherein the operation includes: Sending a received signal strength indicator RSSI measurement time configuration RMTC to a user equipment UE; receiving, from the UE, a result of RSSI measurement performed by the UE based on the RMTC, Wherein, based on the fact that the UE has no serving cell in FR2-2, the RMTC does not include a transmission configuration indicator TCI state.

15. A device in mobile communication, the device include: at least one processor; as well as At least one memory, the at least one memory storing instructions and being electrically connected to the at least one processor in operation, and being operated by the at least one processor based on the instructions to perform operations, the operations comprising: Receive the received signal strength indicator RSSI measurement time configuration RMTC from the base station; performing RSSI measurement in frequency range 2-2FR2-2 based on the RMTC; reporting the RSSI measurement result to the base station, Wherein, based on the fact that the UE does not have any serving cell in the FR2-2, the RMTC does not include a transmission configuration indicator TCI state.

16. A non-volatile computer-readable storage medium having recorded thereon instructions, in, The instructions, upon being executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations, the operations comprising: Receive the received signal strength indicator RSSI measurement time configuration RMTC from the base station; performing RSSI measurement in frequency range 2-2FR2-2 based on the RMTC; reporting the RSSI measurement result to the base station, Wherein, based on the fact that the UE does not have any serving cell in the FR2-2, the RMTC does not include a transmission configuration indicator TCI state.

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