A multifunctional chopper adapted to a forage silage round baler

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional chopper suitable for a forage silage round baler, which comprises a frame, a movable bottom plate, a bottom plate tension spring, a moving knife roller, a fixed knife protection device, a blockage prevention device, a knife grinding device, a knife grinding driving device and a fixed knife cleaning device; the movable bottom plate is hingedly connected to the lower front end of the frame, and the rear end is connected to the frame through the bottom plate tension spring; the moving knife roller is rotatably connected to the frame through rotary pairs; the blockage prevention device and the knife grinding driving device are installed on the two sides of the frame; the fixed knife cleaning device is installed below the movable bottom plate; the fixed knife protection device is hingedly connected to the front end of the movable bottom plate and is located below the fixed knife cleaning device; and the knife grinding device is installed on the front end of the movable bottom plate and is connected to the knife grinding driving device through the two sides. Through a series of innovative designs, the working performance and reliability of the chopper are remarkably improved, the failure rate and maintenance cost of the equipment are reduced, the efficiency of the silage operation is improved, and the chopper has a strong market application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a multi-functional shredder adapted to a round baler for forage silage. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of animal husbandry and the continuous improvement of agricultural mechanization, the efficiency and quality of forage silage operations increasingly rely on high-performance machinery, especially in the chopping and baling stages. Round balers for forage silage, as one of the key pieces of equipment, are widely used in the silage processing of alfalfa, oats, and triticale, and have the function of picking up and chopping the forage stalks before baling them into round bales. However, the choppers of traditional round balers have the following problems during operation, which restrict the efficiency and quality of silage round balers.

[0003] (1) The blades are easily damaged. Traditional shredders mostly use a simple combination of fixed blades and moving blades to cut forage. The fixed blades are fixed in a relatively simple way and often lack effective protection measures. They are easily damaged by impact or collision with foreign objects during operation.

[0004] (2) Choppers are prone to clogging. Under high-load operating conditions, uneven distribution of hay strips can cause clogging inside the shredder. Especially when the hay is moist or there are many weeds, the hay in the shredder is prone to accumulate, causing the shredder to malfunction or jam, affecting the continuity of the operation, and requiring high labor intensity and low efficiency for manual cleaning.

[0005] (3) Cutting tools are difficult to maintain. Existing cutting tool maintenance and wear management measures mostly rely on manual periodic inspection and replacement, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also increases machine downtime. If manual inspection and replacement are not timely, the wear of the cutting tools often leads to poor cutting results, thereby affecting the quality of forage, and may even cause equipment failure or damage.

[0006] (4) Difficulty in cleaning the blade. After prolonged use, a large amount of grass clippings and debris will adhere to the blade surface. These residues will not only affect the cutting effect of the blade, but may also lead to excessive wear of the blade, increasing the maintenance cost of the equipment. Traditional shredders often do not have a dedicated cleaning device. When grass clippings accumulate severely on the blade, it will not only affect the cutting effect, but also accelerate the aging of the equipment and lead to mechanical failure.

[0007] In summary, existing shredders have numerous problems in terms of fixed blade protection, anti-clogging, blade sharpening, and fixed blade cleaning, requiring technological innovation and improvement. Therefore, designing a multi-functional shredder that integrates fixed blade protection, anti-clogging, automatic blade sharpening, and fixed blade cleaning is an urgent need to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-functional shredder adapted to a round baler for forage silage, which solves many problems in the shredder in terms of fixed blade protection, anti-clogging, blade sharpening and fixed blade cleaning.

[0009] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a multi-functional shredder adapted to a forage silage round baler, comprising a frame, a movable base plate, a base plate tension spring, a moving blade roller, a fixed blade protection device, an anti-clogging device, a blade sharpening device, a blade sharpening drive device, and a fixed blade cleaning device; characterized in that: the front end of the movable base plate is hinged to the lower front of the frame, and the rear ends are connected to the frame via base plate tension springs; the two sides of the moving blade roller are connected to the frame via rotating pairs; the anti-clogging device and the blade sharpening drive device are installed on both sides of the frame; the fixed blade cleaning device is installed below the movable base plate; the fixed blade protection device is hinged to the front end of the movable base plate and located below the fixed blade cleaning device; the blade sharpening device is installed at the front end of the movable base plate and connected to the blade sharpening drive device on both sides.

[0010] Furthermore, the frame includes a rear bottom plate, a front bottom plate, side plates, an upper cover plate, and a grass-blocking plate; characterized in that: the front bottom plate and the rear bottom plate are fixed between the two side plates, respectively located below the front and below the rear of the side plates; the grass-blocking plate is fixed below the rear of the upper cover plate, located between the blades of the moving blade roller; the upper cover plate is installed on both sides above the side plates; the side plates are provided with a grinding slide and a reset pin.

[0011] Furthermore, the movable base plate is provided with a grinding device storage slot, a limiting U-shaped hole, a movable base plate side plate, and an arc-shaped slide rail; characterized in that: the grinding device storage slot is located at the front end of the base plate, the movable base plate side plate is located on both sides of the movable base plate, the limiting U-shaped hole and the arc-shaped slide rail are located on the movable base plate side plate, and the limiting U-shaped hole is located behind the arc-shaped slide rail.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed blade protection device includes a fixed blade, a push rod, a push rod shaft, a hydraulic cylinder connecting shaft, a fixed blade support, a fixed blade tension spring, a fixed blade shaft, and an adjusting screw; characterized in that: the hydraulic cylinder connecting shaft is fixed below the fixed blade support; the fixed blade shaft and the push rod shaft are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the fixed blade support, and both ends of the fixed blade shaft are connected to the front end of the movable base plate in the form of a revolute joint; both ends of the push rod shaft are connected to the arc-shaped slide in the form of a sliding joint; the fixed blade and the push rod are respectively connected to the fixed blade shaft and the push rod shaft in the form of a revolute joint, and the upper end of the push rod rests on the rear of the fixed blade, and the upper end of the push rod can slide along the arc surface behind the fixed blade; one end of the fixed blade tension spring is connected to the upper end of the push rod, and the other end is connected to the adjusting screw, which is installed on the movable base plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the anti-blocking device includes a fixed-blade speed sensor, a drive speed sensor, an overload protection component, an anti-blocking cylinder, and a baffle plate; characterized in that: the fixed-blade speed sensor and the overload protection component are respectively connected to both ends of the moving blade roller, wherein the fixed-blade speed sensor is fixed on the side plate; the drive speed sensor is installed on the side plate, located next to the overload protection component; one end of the anti-blocking cylinder is hinged to the cylinder connecting shaft, and the other end is hinged to the side plate; the upper part of the baffle plate is hinged to the front of the rear base plate, and is connected to the rear end of the movable base plate in the form of a sliding pair.

[0014] Furthermore, the sharpening device includes a sharpening bracket, a sharpening block, a sharpening block compression spring, and a cover plate. The sharpening bracket has several sharpening block boxes evenly distributed inside, and a connecting shaft and an adjusting shaft are provided at each end. The sharpening blocks are placed alternately in the sharpening block boxes, and sharpening block compression springs are installed at each end. The cover plate is installed above the sharpening bracket, and the connecting shaft and the adjusting shaft are both installed in the sharpening slide.

[0015] Furthermore, the sharpening drive device includes an encoder, a slide rail, a sliding shaft compression spring, a sharpening cylinder, a sliding shaft, a guide wheel, a connecting rod, a pull rope, a rocker arm, a limit hook compression spring, a reset torsion spring, a limit torsion spring, a limit sensor, a limit hook, a rocker arm, a telescopic rod compression spring, and a telescopic rod. The limit hook is equipped with a reset plate, a limit plate, a limit rod, and a hook. The upper end of the rocker arm is hinged to a side plate, and the lower end is connected to the telescopic rod via a sliding joint. The telescopic rod compression spring is installed between the rocker arm and the telescopic rod, and the lower end of the telescopic rod is connected to the connecting shaft via a revolute joint. Both the reset torsion spring and the limit torsion spring are sleeved on the connecting shaft, and one end of each is fixed to the adjusting shaft. The other end of the limit torsion spring is connected to the telescopic rod, applying an upward elastic force to the adjusting shaft. The other end of the reset torsion spring is not fixed and is limited by a reset pin. The encoder is fixed... The slide rail is fixed to the side plate and connected to the upper end of the rocker arm; the slide rail is fixed to the side plate and connected to the sliding shaft in the form of a sliding pair, and a sliding shaft compression spring is installed inside the slide rail, located in front of the sliding shaft; one end of the grinding cylinder is hinged to the sliding shaft and the other end is hinged to the rocker arm; one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the sliding shaft and the other end is hinged to the upper part of the rocker arm, and the middle part of the rocker arm is hinged to the side plate; one end of the pull rope is connected to the adjusting shaft, passes around the upper end of the rocker arm and the guide wheel, and the other end is connected to the sliding shaft; the limiting hook is hinged to the side plate and located next to the upper end of the arc-shaped slide rail, the limiting rod is located in the limiting U-shaped hole, the limiting hook compression spring is installed on the limiting rod and located between the limiting hook and the limiting U-shaped hole, the reset plate is located below the lower end of the rocker arm, and the limiting plate is located behind the lower end of the rocker arm; the limiting sensor is installed on the movable base plate and located below the limiting U-shaped hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the fixed-blade cleaning device includes a left limiting plate, a left scraper, a right scraper, a scraper spring, a right limiting plate, a spring fixing sleeve, and a pressure plate. The left limiting plate has a left limiting U-shaped hole, and the right limiting plate has a right limiting U-shaped hole and a passage U-shaped hole. Short locking posts are located below both ends of the left scraper, and long locking posts are located below both ends of the right scraper. The left and right scrapers are tightly attached to the lower part of the movable base plate and fixed to both sides of the fixed blade. Scraper springs are installed on the outermost left and right scrapers, and spring fixing sleeves are installed on the outermost sides. The outer side of the spring fixing sleeves rests against the side plate of the movable base plate. Scraper springs are installed between the remaining left and right scrapers. The right limiting plate and the left limiting plate are sequentially tightly attached to the lower parts of the left and right scrapers. The short locking posts are engaged in the left limiting U-shaped hole, and the long locking posts pass through the passage U-shaped hole and are engaged in the right limiting U-shaped hole. The pressure plate is fixed to the movable base plate and tightly attached to the lower part of the left limiting plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the left and right limiting plates are provided with wedge-shaped side plates, which are shaped with the inner side lower than the outer side.

[0018] Furthermore, wedge-shaped drive plates are provided on both sides of the fixed blade support. The wedge-shaped drive plates are shaped with the inner side lower and the outer side higher, corresponding to the wedge-shaped side plates, and can be inserted between the movable base plate side plate and the wedge-shaped side plates.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] (1) The present invention has designed a fixed blade protection device, which can effectively prevent the fixed blade from being damaged by foreign objects during the chopping process.

[0021] (2) The anti-clogging device of the present invention can effectively prevent the shredder from clogging during high-load operation. Through reasonable structural design and control system optimization, the anti-clogging device can detect the working status of the shredder in real time. When a clogging trend is detected, the cleaning mechanism is automatically started to prevent the equipment from stopping and ensure the continuity of operation.

[0022] (3) The present invention employs an automatic blade sharpening device, which can automatically perform blade sharpening operations as needed. By introducing the automatic blade sharpening device, the chopper is ensured to always maintain a sharp blade, improving the chopping effect and reducing the time and cost of manual intervention and blade maintenance.

[0023] (4) The fixed blade cleaning device in this invention can effectively remove grass clippings and debris accumulated on the blade surface, preventing grass clippings from clogging the blade and thus ensuring cutting accuracy and efficiency. At the same time, the fixed blade cleaning device can also reduce the impact of grass clippings on other parts of the equipment, reducing the equipment failure rate and maintenance costs.

[0024] In summary, the multifunctional shredder of this invention, through a series of innovative designs, significantly improves the working performance and reliability of the shredder, reduces the equipment failure rate and maintenance costs, and increases the efficiency of silage operations, thus possessing strong market application value. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed blade protection device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-clogging device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sharpening device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding drive device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting hook structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed blade cleaning device of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram, 1. Frame; 2. Movable base plate; 3. Base plate tension spring; 4. Moving blade roller; 5. Fixed blade protection device; 6. Anti-clogging device; 7. Sharpening device; 8. Sharpening drive device; 9. Fixed blade cleaning device; 11. Rear base plate; 12. Front base plate; 13. Side plate; 14. Top cover plate; 15. Grass guard plate; 131. Sharpening slide; 132. Reset locking pin; 21. Sharpening device storage slot; 22. Limiting U-shaped hole; 23. Movable base plate side plate; 24. 51. Arc-shaped slide; 52. Fixed blade; 53. Push rod; 54. Push rod shaft; 55. Hydraulic cylinder connecting shaft; 56. Fixed blade support; 57. Fixed blade tension spring; 58. Fixed blade shaft; 59. Adjusting screw; 50. Wedge-shaped drive plate; 61. Fixed blade speed sensor; 62. Drive speed sensor; 63. Overload protection component; 64. Anti-clogging hydraulic cylinder; 65. Material stop plate; 71. Grinding tool support; 72. Grinding block; 73. Grinding block compression spring; 74. Cover plate; 711 712. Grinding block box; 713. Connecting shaft; 714. Adjusting shaft; 805. Encoder; 806. Slide rail; 807. Sliding shaft compression spring; 808. Grinding cylinder; 809. Sliding shaft; 8000. Guide wheel; 801. Connecting rod; 802. Pull rope; 803. Rocker arm; 814. Limit hook compression spring; 815. Reset torsion spring; 816. Limit torsion spring; 817. Limit sensor; 818. Limit hook; 819. Rocker arm; 810. Telescopic rod compression spring; 817. Telescopic rod; 8141. Reset lever; 8142. Limit lever; 8143. Limit rod; 8144. Hook; 91. Left limit plate; 92. Left scraper; 93. Right scraper; 94. Scraper compression spring; 95. Right limit plate; 96. Compression spring fixing sleeve; 97. Pressure plate; 911. Wedge-shaped side plate; 912. Left limit U-shaped hole; 921. Short locking post; 931. Long locking post; 951. Right limit U-shaped hole; 952. Passing U-shaped hole. Detailed Implementation

[0034] See Figures 1-8This invention provides a technical solution: a multi-functional shredder adapted to a round baler for forage silage, comprising a frame 1, a movable base plate 2, a base plate tension spring 3, a moving blade roller 4, an anti-blocking device 6, a fixed blade protection device 5, a sharpening device 7, a sharpening drive device 8, and a fixed blade cleaning device 9; characterized in that: the front end of the movable base plate 2 is hinged to the lower front of the frame 1, and the rear ends are connected to the frame 1 via the base plate tension spring 3, thereby achieving automatic reset after the movable base plate 2 opens downwards; the moving blade roller 4 is connected to the frame 1 on both sides via rotating pairs; the anti-blocking device 6 and the sharpening drive device 8 are installed on both sides of the frame 1; the fixed blade cleaning device 9 is installed below the movable base plate 2 for cleaning grass clippings and debris on the fixed blade 51; the fixed blade protection device 5 is hinged to the front end of the movable base plate 2, located below the fixed blade cleaning device 9, for protecting the fixed blade 51; the sharpening device 7 is installed at the front end of the movable base plate 2, and its two sides are connected to the sharpening drive device 8, which drives the sharpening device 7 to complete the sharpening operation.

[0035] The frame 1 includes a rear base plate 11, a front base plate 12, side plates 13, an upper cover plate 14, and a grass-blocking plate 15. Its features are: the front base plate 12 and the rear base plate 11 are fixed between the two side plates 13, located below the front and below the rear of the side plates 13 respectively; the grass-blocking plate 15 is fixed below the rear of the upper cover plate 14, located between the blades of the moving blade roller 4, preventing the chopped grass from being carried back to the front of the chopper, thus enabling the chopper to have a forced conveying function; the upper cover plate 14 is installed on both sides above the side plates 13; the side plates 13 are provided with a grinding slide 131 and a reset pin 132, the grinding slide 131 providing a running trajectory for the grinding device 7, and the reset pin 132 limiting the reset torsion spring 811.

[0036] The movable base plate 2 is provided with a sharpening device storage slot 21, a limiting U-shaped hole 22, a movable base plate side plate 23, and an arc-shaped slide 24. Its features are as follows: the sharpening device storage slot 21 is located at the front end of the base plate 2 and is used to store the sharpening device 7 so that it does not interfere with normal forage chopping operations when not sharpening the blade; the movable base plate side plate 23 is located on both sides of the movable base plate 2, the limiting U-shaped hole 22 and the arc-shaped slide 24 are located on the movable base plate side plate 23, the limiting U-shaped hole 22 is located behind the arc-shaped slide 24, the arc-shaped slide 24 is used to limit the swing angle of the fixed blade protection device 5, and the limiting U-shaped hole 22 is used to limit the rotation angle of the limiting hook 814.

[0037] The fixed blade protection device 5 includes a fixed blade 51, a push rod 52, a push rod rotating shaft 53, a hydraulic cylinder connecting shaft 54, a fixed blade support 55, a fixed blade tension spring 56, a fixed blade rotating shaft 57, and an adjusting screw 58; its characteristic is that the hydraulic cylinder connecting shaft 54 ​​is fixed below the fixed blade support 55, the fixed blade rotating shaft 57 and the push rod rotating shaft 53 are respectively installed at the front end and rear end of the fixed blade support 55, and the two ends of the fixed blade rotating shaft 57 are connected to the front end of the movable base plate 2 in the form of a rotating joint, and the two ends of the push rod rotating shaft 53 are movable. The fixed blade 51 and the push rod 52 are connected in a rotating joint to the fixed blade shaft 57 and the push rod shaft 53, respectively. The upper end of the push rod 52 rests on the rear of the fixed blade 51 and can slide along the arc surface behind the fixed blade 51. One end of the fixed blade tension spring 56 is connected to the upper end of the push rod 52, and the other end is connected to the adjusting screw 58. The adjusting screw 58 is installed on the movable base plate 2, and the tension of the fixed blade tension spring 56 can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting screw 58.

[0038] The anti-blocking device 6 includes a fixed blade speed sensor 61, a drive speed sensor 62, an overload protection component 63, an anti-blocking cylinder 64, and a baffle plate 65. Its features are as follows: the fixed blade speed sensor 61 and the overload protection component 63 are respectively connected to both ends of the moving blade roller 4. The fixed blade speed sensor 61 is fixed to the side plate 13 and is used to measure the speed of the moving blade roller 4; the drive speed sensor 62 is installed on the side plate 13, located next to the overload protection component 63, and is used to measure the speed of the overload protection component 63; one end of the anti-blocking cylinder 64 is hinged to the cylinder connecting shaft 54, and the other end is hinged to the side plate 13, which can control the swing of the fixed blade protection device 5; the upper part of the baffle plate 65 is hinged to the front of the rear base plate 11 and connected to the rear end of the movable base plate 2 in the form of a sliding pair, which can prevent material leakage after the movable base plate 2 opens.

[0039] The sharpening device 7 includes a sharpening support 71, sharpening blocks 72, sharpening block compression springs 73, and a cover plate 75. The sharpening support 71 has several sharpening block boxes 711 evenly distributed inside, and a connecting shaft 712 and an adjusting shaft 713 are provided at each end. The sharpening blocks 72 are placed alternately in the sharpening block boxes 711 for sharpening the fixed blade 51. The sharpening block compression springs 73 are installed at both ends to apply pressure to the sharpening blocks 72 and enable the sharpening blocks 72 to have a lateral fine adjustment function. The cover plate 75 is installed above the sharpening support 71 to restrict the vertical movement of the sharpening blocks 72. The connecting shafts 712 and the adjusting shafts 713 are both installed in the sharpening slide 131 and run along the sharpening slide 131.

[0040] The sharpening drive device 8 includes an encoder 801, a slide rail 802, a sliding shaft compression spring 803, a sharpening cylinder 804, a sliding shaft 805, a guide wheel 806, a connecting rod 807, a pull rope 808, a rocker arm 809, a limit hook compression spring 810, a reset torsion spring 811, a limit torsion spring 812, a limit sensor 813, a limit hook 814, a rocker arm 815, a telescopic rod compression spring 816, and a telescopic rod 817. The limit hook 814 is equipped with a reset plate 8141, a limit plate 8142, a limit rod 8143, and a hook 8144. The upper end of the rocker arm 815 is hinged to the side plate 13, and the lower end is connected to the telescopic rod 817 via a sliding joint. The telescopic rod compression spring 816 is installed between the rocker arm 815 and the telescopic rod 817. The lower end of the telescopic rod 817 rotates... The moving joint is connected to the connecting shaft 712. The telescopic rod compression spring 816 applies a downward elastic force to the telescopic rod 817, causing the telescopic rod 817 to be ejected when the sharpening device 7 moves to the front end of the sharpening slide 131, and the sharpening device 7 moves into the sharpening device storage slot 21. The return torsion spring 811 and the limiting torsion spring 812 are both sleeved on the connecting shaft 712, and one end of each is fixed to the adjusting shaft 713. The other end of the limiting torsion spring 812 is connected to the telescopic rod 817, applying an upward elastic force to the adjusting shaft 713 to prevent the adjusting shaft 713 from entering the sharpening slide 131 corresponding to the connecting shaft 712 after the sharpening operation is completed. The other end of the return torsion spring 811 is not fixed, but is limited by the return pin 132. When the sharpening device 7 returns to the sharpening device storage slot 21, the return torsion spring 811 applies an upward elastic force to the adjusting shaft 713 to prevent the adjusting shaft 713 from entering the sharpening slide 131 corresponding to the connecting shaft 712. The adjusting shaft 713 applies a downward spring force, causing the sharpening device 7 to swing downward, eliminating obstruction to the chopping operation; the encoder 801 is fixed on the side plate 13 and connected to the upper end of the rocker arm 815, used to measure the rotation angle of the rocker arm 815; the slide rail 802 is fixed on the side plate 13 and connected to the sliding shaft 805 in the form of a sliding pair, and a sliding shaft compression spring 803 is installed inside the slide rail 802, located in front of the sliding shaft 805, so that the sliding shaft 805 automatically resets after sliding forward; one end of the sharpening cylinder 804 is hinged to the sliding shaft 805, and the other end is hinged to the rocker arm 815, driving the sliding shaft 805 to slide and the rocker arm 815 to swing; one end of the connecting rod 807 is hinged to the sliding shaft 805, and the other end is hinged to the upper part of the rocker arm 809, the middle part of the rocker arm 809 is hinged to the side plate. On the 13, the limit hook 814 is rotated; one end of the pull rope 808 is connected to the adjusting shaft 713, passes over the upper end of the rocker arm 815 and the guide wheel 806, and the other end is connected to the sliding shaft 805, which is used to control the retraction of the telescopic rod 817; the limit hook 814 is hinged on the side plate 13 and located next to the upper end of the arc-shaped slide 24; the limit rod 8143 is located in the limit U-shaped hole 22; the limit hook compression spring 810 is installed on the limit rod 8143 and is located between the limit hook 814 and the limit U-shaped hole 22, so that the limit rod 8143 can only be at both ends of the limit U-shaped hole 22; the reset plate 8141 is located below the lower end of the rocker arm 809, and the limit plate 8142 is located behind the lower end of the rocker arm 809. The two change the posture of the limit hook 814 with the movement of the rocker arm 809;The limit sensor 813 is mounted on the movable base plate 2, located below the limit U-shaped hole 22, and is used to detect the attitude of the limit hook 814.

[0041] The fixed-blade cleaning device 9 includes a left limiting plate 91, a left scraper 92, a right scraper 93, a scraper spring 94, a right limiting plate 95, a spring fixing sleeve 96, and a pressure plate 97. The left limiting plate 91 has a left limiting U-shaped hole 912, and the right limiting plate 95 has a right limiting U-shaped hole 951 and a passage U-shaped hole 952. Short locking posts 921 are located below both ends of the left scraper 92, and long locking posts 931 are located below both ends of the right scraper 93. The left scraper 92 and right scraper 93 are tightly attached to the lower part of the movable base plate 2 and fixed to both sides of the fixed blade 51. Scraper springs 94 are installed on the outermost left scraper 92 and right scraper 93, and spring fixing sleeves 96 are installed on the outermost sides of these two blades. The outer side of the scraper 92 rests against the side plate 23 of the movable base plate. The scraper spring 94 is installed between the left scraper 92 and the right scraper 93, so that the left scraper 92 is subjected to a rightward elastic force and the right scraper 93 is subjected to a leftward elastic force. The right limiting plate 95 and the left limiting plate 91 are successively pressed against the lower part of the left scraper 92 and the right scraper 93. The short locking pin 921 is locked in the left limiting U-shaped hole 912, and the long locking pin 931 passes through the passage U-shaped hole 952 and is locked in the right limiting U-shaped hole 951. The right limiting plate 95 can drive the left scraper 92 to move to the left, and the left limiting plate 91 can drive the right scraper 93 to move to the right. The pressure plate 97 is fixed on the movable base plate 2 and pressed against the lower part of the left limiting plate 91 to fix the fixed blade cleaning device 9.

[0042] The left limiting plate 91 and the right limiting plate 95 are provided with wedge-shaped side plates 911, which are shaped with the inner side lower and the outer side higher.

[0043] The fixed blade support 55 is provided with wedge-shaped drive plates 551 on both sides. The wedge-shaped drive plates 551 are shaped with the inner side lower and the outer side higher, corresponding to the wedge-shaped side plates 911. They can be inserted between the movable base plate side plate 23 and the wedge-shaped side plates 911, thereby driving the right limit plate 95 to move to the left and the left limit plate 91 to move to the right.

[0044] Working principle of the invention:

[0045] (1) Working principle of hay chopping: When the chopper is working, the pick-up device continuously conveys hay to the chopper, and the moving blade roller 4 conveys the hay backward. The fixed blades 51 located between the blades of the moving blade roller 4 complete the chopping of the hay, and the chopped hay is sent to the rear. The baffle plate 15 is located between the blades of the moving blade roller 4 to prevent the chopped hay from being carried back to the front of the chopper from above by the moving blade roller 4, so that the chopper has a forced conveying function.

[0046] (2) Working principle of the blade protection device: When a foreign object enters the shredder, the moving blade roller 4 conveys it backward. When the foreign object contacts the fixed blade 51, the fixed blade 51 is subjected to a backward force. The upper end of the push rod 52 slides upward along the rear arc surface of the fixed blade 51, the fixed blade tension spring 56 is stretched, and the fixed blade 51 retracts below the movable base plate 2. After the foreign object passes, the force exerted on the fixed blade 51 by the foreign object disappears, the fixed blade tension spring 56 contracts, the upper end of the push rod 52 slides downward along the rear arc surface of the fixed blade 51, and the fixed blade 51 swings upward to reset.

[0047] (3) Working principle of anti-blocking device: When the shredder shows a tendency to block, the overload protection component 63 slips inside, the speed of the moving blade drum 4 is less than that of the overload protection component 63, the speed data detected by the fixed blade speed sensor 61 and the drive speed sensor 62 are transmitted to the controller, the controller controls the anti-blocking cylinder 64 to extend, first driving the fixed blade protection device 5 to swing downward, all fixed blades 51 retract to the bottom of the movable base plate 2, when the top rod shaft 53 runs to the lower end of the arc slide 24, it further drives the movable base plate 2 to swing downward. During this process, when the speed of the moving blade drum 4 recovers, the controller controls the anti-blocking cylinder 64 to retract, and the movable base plate 2 and the fixed blade protection device 5 are reset.

[0048] (4) Working principle of the sharpening device: During sharpening, each grinding block box 711 corresponds to a fixed blade 51. The staggered grinding blocks 72 clamp the blade in the middle. The grinding block compression spring 73 applies pressure to the grinding blocks 72, giving the grinding blocks 72 a lateral fine adjustment function so that the grinding blocks 72 can be closely attached to the blade. Driven by the sharpening drive device 8, the grinding blocks 72 move back and forth on the blade of the fixed blade 51 to sharpen the blade. During the sharpening process, the fixed blade protection device 5 provides pressure to the fixed blade 51, making it sharpened quickly and without missing any blades.

[0049] (5) Working principle of the sharpening drive device: The sharpening operation needs to be completed after the chopping operation stops. When the knife becomes dull, the automatic sharpening function is activated. The sharpening cylinder 804 retracts first. Since the sharpening device 7 is still stuck at the front end of the sharpening slide 131, the front end of the sharpening cylinder 804 is fixed, and the rear end drives the sliding shaft 805 to move forward. The sliding shaft 805, via the pull rope 808, first pulls the adjusting shaft 713 upward, which then pulls the sharpening device 7 and the telescopic rod 817 upward. Simultaneously, the sliding shaft 805, via the connecting rod 807, drives the rocker arm 809 to swing counterclockwise. The limiting plate 8142 is pushed backward by the lower end of the rocker arm 809, causing the limiting hook 814 to rotate clockwise. The limiting rod 8143 swings to the lower end of the limiting U-shaped hole 22. The limiting hook compression spring 810 is first compressed and then returns to its original position, fixing the limiting hook 814 in this posture. The hook 8144 hooks onto the end of the top rod rotating shaft 53, fixing the movable base plate 2 and the fixed blade protection device 5 together. The limiting sensor 813 detects that the limiting rod 8143 has swung to the lower end of the limiting U-shaped hole 22. At this time, the controller controls the sharpening cylinder 804 to stop and the anti-blocking cylinder 64 to extend. The movable base plate 2 and the fixed blade protection device 5 swing downward synchronously, leaving space for the operation of the sharpening device 7. When the device swings to the set position, the controller stops the anti-blocking cylinder 64 and the sharpening cylinder 804 continues to retract, pulling the sharpening device 7 and the telescopic rod 817 to move upwards. The device then enters the arc-shaped section of the sharpening slide 131. The controller, through the encoder 801 detecting the swing angle of the rocker arm 815, controls the sharpening device 7 to reciprocate only within the arc-shaped section of the sharpening slide 131 for sharpening. After the sharpening operation is completed, the controller controls the sharpening device 7 to enter the front end of the sharpening slide 131. The telescopic rod compression spring 816 ejects the telescopic rod 817, causing the sharpening device 7 to move downwards. The reset pin 132 acts on one end of the reset torsion spring 811, causing the adjusting shaft 713 to swing downwards, completing the reset. At this time, the sliding shaft 805 and the rocker arm 809 have been reset. The controller controls the anti-blocking cylinder 64 to retract, and the movable base plate 2 and the fixed knife protection device 5 swing upward synchronously. The lower end of the rocker arm 809 contacts the reset dial plate 8141 and applies a downward force to the reset dial plate 8141, causing the limit hook 814 to rotate clockwise. The limit rod 8143 swings to the upper end of the limit U-shaped hole 22. The limit hook compression spring 810 is first compressed and then returns to its original position, fixing the limit hook 814 in this posture. The hook 8144 leaves the end of the top rod rotating shaft 53, completing the reset.

[0050] (6) Working principle of the fixed blade cleaning device: The fixed blade cleaning device 9 and the anti-blocking device 6 operate synchronously, or they can be operated separately. When the anti-blocking cylinder 64 extends, the fixed blade support 55 swings downward, and the wedge drive plate 551 inserted between the movable base plate side plate 23 and the wedge side plate 911 is pulled out. The right limit plate 95 moves to the right, the left limit plate 91 moves to the left, and the left scraper 92 and the right scraper 93 lose their limiting function. Under the action of the scraper compression spring 94, they are pressed tightly against both sides of the fixed blade 51. During the up-and-down swing of the fixed blade 51, the grass clippings and debris on both sides are scraped away, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the fixed blade 51. When the anti-blocking cylinder 64 retracts to the last position, the wedge drive plate 551 is inserted between the movable base plate side plate 23 and the wedge side plate 911, thereby driving the right limit plate 95 to move to the left and the left limit plate 91 to move to the right, which in turn drives the left scraper 92 to move to the left and the right scraper 93 to move to the right, completing the reset. Therefore, this device operates synchronously with the anti-blocking device 6, and can also be operated manually by extending and retracting the anti-blocking cylinder 64.

[0051] Contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional shredder adapted to a round baler for forage silage, comprising a frame (1), a movable base plate (2), a base plate tension spring (3), a moving blade roller (4), an anti-blocking device (6), a fixed blade protection device (5), a blade sharpening device (7), a blade sharpening drive device (8), and a fixed blade cleaning device (9); characterized in that: The front end of the movable base plate (2) is hinged to the lower front of the frame (1), and the rear ends are connected to the frame (1) via base plate tension springs (3); the two sides of the moving blade roller (4) are connected to the frame (1) in the form of a rotating pair; the anti-blocking device (6) and the sharpening drive device (8) are installed on both sides of the frame (1); the fixed blade cleaning device (9) is installed below the movable base plate (2); the fixed blade protection device (5) is hinged to the front end of the movable base plate (2) and located below the fixed blade cleaning device (9); the sharpening device (7) is installed at the front end of the movable base plate (2) and connected to the sharpening drive device (8) on both sides; The frame (1) includes a rear bottom plate (11), a front bottom plate (12), side plates (13), an upper cover plate (14), and a grass-blocking plate (15); characterized in that: the front bottom plate (12) and the rear bottom plate (11) are fixed between the two side plates (13), respectively located below the front and below the rear of the side plates (13); the grass-blocking plate (15) is fixed below the rear of the upper cover plate (14), located between the blades of the moving blade roller (4); the upper cover plate (14) is installed on both sides above the side plates (13); the side plates (13) are provided with a grinding slide (131) and a reset pin (132). The movable base plate (2) is provided with a sharpening device storage slot (21), a limiting U-shaped hole (22), a movable base plate side plate (23), and an arc-shaped slide (24); characterized in that: the sharpening device storage slot (21) is located at the front end of the base plate (2), the movable base plate side plate (23) is located on both sides of the movable base plate (2), the limiting U-shaped hole (22) and the arc-shaped slide (24) are located on the movable base plate side plate (23), and the limiting U-shaped hole (22) is located behind the arc-shaped slide (24); The fixed blade protection device (5) includes a fixed blade (51), a push rod (52), a push rod shaft (53), a hydraulic cylinder connecting shaft (54), a fixed blade support (55), a fixed blade tension spring (56), a fixed blade shaft (57), and an adjusting screw (58); characterized in that: the hydraulic cylinder connecting shaft (54) is fixed below the fixed blade support (55), the fixed blade shaft (57) and the push rod shaft (53) are respectively installed at the front end and rear end of the fixed blade support (55), and the two ends of the fixed blade shaft (57) are connected to the front end of the movable base plate (2) in the form of a rotating pair. The two ends of the push rod shaft (53) are connected in the arc-shaped slide (24) in the form of a sliding pair; the fixed blade (51) and the push rod (52) are respectively connected in the form of a rotating pair on the fixed blade shaft (57) and the push rod shaft (53), and the upper end of the push rod (52) is against the back of the fixed blade (51), and the upper end of the push rod (52) can slide along the arc surface behind the fixed blade (51); one end of the fixed blade tension spring (56) is connected to the upper end of the push rod (52), and the other end is connected to the adjusting screw (58), which is installed on the movable base plate (2); The anti-blocking device (6) includes a fixed blade speed sensor (61), a drive speed sensor (62), an overload protection component (63), an anti-blocking cylinder (64), and a baffle plate (65); characterized in that: the fixed blade speed sensor (61) and the overload protection component (63) are respectively connected to both ends of the moving blade roller (4), wherein the fixed blade speed sensor (61) is fixed on the side plate (13); the drive speed sensor (62) is installed on the side plate (13) and located next to the overload protection component (63); one end of the anti-blocking cylinder (64) is hinged to the cylinder connecting shaft (54), and the other end is hinged to the side plate (13); the upper part of the baffle plate (65) is hinged to the front of the rear bottom plate (11) and connected to the rear end of the movable bottom plate (2) in the form of a sliding pair.

2. The multi-functional shredder adapted to a round baler for forage silage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sharpening device (7) includes a sharpening bracket (71), a grinding block (72), a grinding block compression spring (73), and a cover plate (75). The sharpening bracket (71) has several grinding block boxes (711) evenly distributed inside, and a connecting shaft (712) and an adjusting shaft (713) are provided at each end. The grinding blocks (72) are placed alternately in the grinding block boxes (711), and grinding block compression springs (73) are installed at each end. The cover plate (75) is installed above the sharpening bracket (71), and the connecting shaft (712) and the adjusting shaft (713) are both installed in the sharpening slide (131).

3. A multi-functional shredder adapted to a round baler for forage silage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sharpening drive device (8) includes an encoder (801), a slide rail (802), a sliding shaft compression spring (803), a sharpening cylinder (804), a sliding shaft (805), a guide wheel (806), a connecting rod (807), a pull rope (808), a rocker arm (809), a limit hook compression spring (810), a reset torsion spring (811), a limit torsion spring (812), a limit sensor (813), a limit hook (814), a rocker arm (815), a telescopic rod compression spring (816), and a telescopic rod (817). The limit hook (814) is equipped with a reset dial plate (8141), a limit dial plate (8142), a limit rod (8143), and a hook (8144). The upper end of the rocker arm (815) is hinged to the side plate (13), and the lower end is connected to the telescopic rod (817) in the form of a sliding joint. The telescopic rod compression spring (816) is installed between the rocker arm (815) and the telescopic rod (817). The lower end of the telescopic rod (817) is connected to the connecting shaft (712) in the form of a rotating joint. The reset torsion spring (811) and the limiting torsion spring (812) are both sleeved on the connecting shaft (712), and one end of each is fixed to the adjusting shaft (713). The other end of the limiting torsion spring (812) is connected to the telescopic rod (817) and applies an upward elastic force to the adjusting shaft (713). The other end of the reset torsion spring (811) is not fixed and is limited by the reset pin (132). The encoder (801) is fixed on the side plate (13) and connected to the upper end of the rocker arm (815); the slide rail (802) is fixed on the side plate (13) and connected to the sliding shaft (805) in the form of a sliding pair, and a sliding shaft compression spring (803) is installed inside the slide rail (802) in front of the sliding shaft (805); one end of the grinding cylinder (804) is hinged to the sliding shaft (805) and the other end is hinged to the rocker arm (815); one end of the connecting rod (807) is hinged to the sliding shaft (805) and the other end is hinged to the upper part of the rocker arm (809), and the middle part of the rocker arm (809) is hinged to the side plate (13); one end of the pull rope (808) is connected to the adjusting shaft (713). On the rocker arm (815), after passing the upper end of the rocker arm (815) and the guide wheel (806), the other end is connected to the sliding shaft (805); the limiting hook (814) is hinged on the side plate (13) and located next to the upper end of the arc-shaped slide (24); the limiting rod (8143) is located in the limiting U-shaped hole (22); the limiting hook compression spring (810) is installed on the limiting rod (8143) and located between the limiting hook (814) and the limiting U-shaped hole (22); the reset plate (8141) is located below the lower end of the rocker arm (809); the limiting plate (8142) is located behind the lower end of the rocker arm (809); the limiting sensor (813) is installed on the movable base plate (2) and located below the limiting U-shaped hole (22).

4. A multi-functional shredder adapted to a round baler for forage silage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed blade cleaning device (9) includes a left limiting plate (91), a left scraper (92), a right scraper (93), a scraper compression spring (94), a right limiting plate (95), a compression spring fixing sleeve (96), and a pressure plate (97). The left limiting plate (91) has a left limiting U-shaped hole (912), and the right limiting plate (95) has a right limiting U-shaped hole (951) and a passage U-shaped hole (952). The left scraper (92) has short locking posts (921) at both ends below its ends, and the right scraper (93) has long locking posts (931) at both ends below its ends. The left scraper (92) and right scraper (93) are tightly attached to the lower part of the movable base plate (2) and are respectively fixed to both sides of the fixed blade (51). The outermost... Scraper springs (94) are installed on the outer sides of the left scraper (92) and the right scraper (93), and spring fixing sleeves (96) are installed on the outer sides of the left scraper (92) and the right scraper (93). The outer side of the spring fixing sleeve (96) rests on the side plate (23) of the movable base plate. Scraper springs (94) are installed between the remaining left scraper (92) and the right scraper (93). The right limiting plate (95) and the left limiting plate (91) are successively attached to the lower side of the left scraper (92) and the right scraper (93). The short locking pin (921) is locked in the left limiting U-shaped hole (912), and the long locking pin (931) passes through the passage U-shaped hole (952) and is locked in the right limiting U-shaped hole (951). The pressure plate (97) is fixed on the movable base plate (2) and attached to the lower side of the left limiting plate (91).

5. A multi-functional shredder adapted to a round baler for forage silage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The left limiting plate (91) and the right limiting plate (95) are provided with wedge-shaped side plates (911) on their sides, and the wedge-shaped side plates (911) are shaped with the inner side lower and the outer side higher.

6. A multi-functional shredder adapted to a round baler for forage silage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed blade support (55) is provided with wedge-shaped drive plates (551) on both sides. The wedge-shaped drive plates (551) are shaped with the inner side lower and the outer side higher, corresponding to the wedge-shaped side plate (911), and can be inserted between the movable bottom plate side plate (23) and the wedge-shaped side plate (911).

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