A photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision, which relates to the technical field of machine vision detection, and includes: a frame. There are four frames. A belt conveyor mechanism is arranged inside the first and third frames. A photovoltaic silicon wafer is placed on the top of the belt conveyor mechanism. A clamping and conveying mechanism is installed inside the second and fourth frames. A vision detection mechanism is installed on the top of each frame; through the cooperation of components such as a turning mechanism, the photovoltaic silicon wafer can be turned over during the conveying and detection process, and is moved out of the bins inside the support frames at different positions for detection, so that six-sided detection can be performed during the continuous conveying of the photovoltaic silicon wafer. Without manual operation by workers, all-round detection of the photovoltaic silicon wafer can be realized, thereby improving the overall detection efficiency of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machine vision detection, and specifically to a photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision. Background Technique

[0002] Photovoltaic silicon wafers are thin semiconductor materials made from high-purity silicon rods through processes such as slicing, polishing, and cleaning. They are the core raw materials of photovoltaic cells and are located in the upstream of the photovoltaic industry chain. As the core material of solar cells, the quality of photovoltaic silicon wafers directly affects the performance, safety, and economic benefits of the entire photovoltaic system. Wear of the guide wheels of diamond wire cutting machines, uneven steel wire tension, or improper mortar ratio will cause wire marks and chipping on the surface of the silicon wafers. Defective silicon wafers not only affect power generation income but may also pose safety risks and additional economic losses. Therefore, special equipment is needed to detect photovoltaic silicon wafers.

[0003] Existing photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection devices generally place the photovoltaic silicon wafers on a detection platform first, and then scan the photovoltaic silicon wafers through devices such as 3D vision cameras. The scanned data is compared with the data in the system library to achieve the purpose of detection. However, the existing detection devices only detect the front side of the photovoltaic silicon wafers and cannot detect other sides of the photovoltaic silicon wafers. At the same time, manual flipping is required when detecting other sides, resulting in a problem of reduced work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision to solve the problem of manual flipping required when other sides of the photovoltaic silicon wafers cannot be detected, resulting in reduced work efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision, including: a frame, there are four frames, a belt conveyor mechanism is arranged inside the first and third frames, a photovoltaic silicon wafer is placed on the top of the belt conveyor mechanism, a clamping and conveying mechanism is installed inside the second and fourth frames, and a vision detection mechanism is installed on the top of each frame; a support frame is arranged between every two frames, and a flipping mechanism, a clamping and feeding mechanism, a switching clamping mechanism, and a switching opening mechanism are arranged on one side of each support frame; the flipping mechanism includes a first driving motor installed on one side of the support frame, the output end of the first driving motor penetrates to one side of the support frame and is fixedly connected with a connection seat, one end of the connection seat is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, and four connection bars are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and a bin is fixedly connected to one side of each connection bar.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: The clamping and feeding mechanism includes a plurality of first fixed plates arranged inside the bin body. A plurality of first rotating rods are rotatably connected to the inner sides of each group of the first fixed plates. One ends of the plurality of first rotating rods are fixedly connected with first spur gears, and chains are installed on the outer walls of the plurality of first spur gears.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: The clamping and feeding mechanism further includes a rectangular plate fixedly connected to the top of the first fixed plate. A second driving motor is installed at one end of the rectangular plate. The output end of the second driving motor penetrates to one side of the rectangular plate and is fixedly connected with a second rotating rod. A second pulley is installed on the outer wall of the second rotating rod. A first pulley is installed on the outer wall of the first rotating rod. A first belt is installed on the outer walls of the second pulley and the first pulley. A transverse conveying mechanism is arranged on one side of the rectangular plate.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: The transverse conveying mechanism includes two first sliding plates arranged inside the bin body. A plurality of second fixed plates are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two first sliding plates. A third rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of each second fixed plate. A driving rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third rotating rod. A third pulley is installed on the outer wall of the third rotating rod. A second belt is installed on the outer walls of the plurality of third pulleys. A third driving motor is installed at one end of one of the second fixed plates. The output end of the third driving motor is fixedly connected with one of the third rotating rods.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: The switching clamping mechanism includes two second connecting plates fixedly connected to the inner side of the bin body. A limiting strip is fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two second connecting plates. Two first connecting plates are slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting strip, and the first connecting plates are fixedly connected with the rectangular plate. The first sliding plate is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting strip.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: The switching clamping mechanism further includes a fourth driving motor installed on the top of the second connecting plate. The fourth driving motor penetrates to the bottom of the second connecting plate and is fixedly connected with a bidirectional threaded screw rod. Two groups of positive threads and reverse threads are arranged on the outer wall of the bidirectional threaded screw rod. The two groups of first connecting plates and the first sliding plates are respectively threadedly connected to the positive threads and the reverse threads.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: The switching and opening mechanism includes two third sliding plates sliding inside the bin body. Two second one-way threaded lead screws are rotatably connected to the inner side of the bin body, and the third sliding plates are threadedly connected to the second one-way threaded lead screws. A second sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner side of the bin body. A first one-way threaded lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner side of the bin body, and the second sliding plate is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first one-way threaded lead screw. A second synchronous pulley is installed on the outer wall of the first one-way threaded lead screw. First synchronous pulleys are installed on the outer walls of the two second one-way threaded lead screws. A synchronous belt is installed on the outer walls of the two first synchronous pulleys and the second synchronous pulley.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: The switching and opening mechanism further includes a circular ring fixedly connected to one side of the support frame. An annular inclined surface is provided inside the circular ring. A fixed block is fixedly connected to the inside of the connecting seat. Four spherical rods are slidably connected to the inside of the connecting seat. Each spherical rod abuts against the annular inclined surface. A return spring is installed between each spherical rod and the fixed block. A third connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spherical rod. One end of the third connecting plate is fixedly connected to a straight rack. A second straight gear is fixedly connected to the top of one of the second one-way threaded lead screws. The second straight gear meshes with the straight rack.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1. Through the cooperation of components such as the turning-over mechanism, the photovoltaic silicon wafer can be turned over during the conveying and detection process, and can be moved out from the bin inside the support frames at different positions for detection. Thus, six-sided detection can be carried out during the continuous conveying of the photovoltaic silicon wafer, without manual operation by workers, and all-round detection of the photovoltaic silicon wafer can be realized, thereby improving the overall detection efficiency of the device;

[0015] 2. By setting the switching and clamping mechanism to drive the two first sliding plates to move towards the top and bottom of the bin body respectively, so that the first connecting plate can effectively transport the photovoltaic silicon wafer, thereby avoiding the mutual interference between the first connecting plate and the driving rod, thus improving the practicality of the device for transportation and the transportation efficiency of the photovoltaic silicon wafer;

[0016] 3. By setting the switching and opening mechanism, the third sliding plate is completely opened and the second sliding plate is completely closed, thereby realizing the opening of the central position of the bin body while closing one side of the second sliding plate, thereby limiting the photovoltaic silicon wafer, effectively protecting the photovoltaic silicon wafer from falling to the bottom of the bin body, and at the same time opening the entrance to the next conveying part, so as to facilitate the detection of the next surface, thereby improving the detection efficiency of the device and the overall practicality of the device;

[0017] 4. By setting up a clamping and feeding mechanism, all the driving rods can rotate synchronously, thereby driving all the driving rods to rotate synchronously. Under the action of the driving rods, the photovoltaic silicon wafer is pushed, so that the photovoltaic silicon wafer is pushed to the central position inside the bin, ensuring that when the photovoltaic silicon wafer is turned over, it is inside the bin, thus guaranteeing the stability of the photovoltaic silicon wafer during rotation, preventing the photovoltaic silicon wafer from slipping to the ground, improving the protection of the photovoltaic silicon wafer, and at the same time enhancing the overall practicality of the device;

[0018] 5. By setting up a horizontal conveying mechanism, the driving wheels are driven to move synchronously, enabling the photovoltaic silicon wafer to be driven from the inside of the bin to the next conveying part for inspection of the next surface, thus achieving the rapid conveyance of the photovoltaic silicon wafer, improving the transportation efficiency of the device, and enhancing the overall practicality of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is the present invention Figure 1 the enlarged view at A in;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the vision inspection mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the turning - over mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is a cross - sectional view of the turning - over mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 is a cross - sectional view of the clamping and feeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 is the present invention Figure 6 the enlarged view at B in;

[0026] Figure 8 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the clamping and feeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the horizontal conveying mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the first sliding plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 is the present invention Figure 10 the enlarged view at C in;

[0030] Figure 12 Schematic structural diagram of the switching and opening mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 13 Exploded view of parts such as the bin body, second sliding plate, and third sliding plate of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 14 Schematic structural diagram of the synchronous belt of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 15 Schematic structural diagram of the circular ring of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 16 Schematic structural diagram of the driving rod of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 17 Schematic structural diagram of the driving wheel of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 18 Schematic structural diagram of the driving wheel for conveying photovoltaic silicon wafers of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1, frame; 2, vision detection mechanism; 3, clamping and conveying mechanism; 4, belt transmission mechanism; 5, support frame; 6, rotating shaft; 7, first driving motor; 8, connecting bar; 9, bin body; 10, limiting bar; 11, first connecting plate; 12, rectangular plate; 13, first fixing plate; 14, first rotating rod; 15, first belt pulley; 16, return spring; 17, second rotating rod; 18, second belt pulley; 19, first belt; 20, second driving motor; 21, driving wheel; 22, chain; 23, first straight gear; 24, first sliding plate; 25, second fixing plate; 26, third rotating rod; 27, driving rod; 28, third belt pulley; 29, second belt; 30, third driving motor; 31, second connecting plate; 32, bidirectional threaded screw rod; 33, fourth driving motor; 34, second sliding plate; 35, third sliding plate; 36, first synchronous pulley; 37, synchronous belt; 38, second synchronous pulley; 39, first unidirectional threaded screw rod; 40, second straight gear; 41, straight rack; 42, third connecting plate; 43, circular ring; 44, annular inclined surface; 45, spherical rod; 46, connecting seat; 47, fixed block; 48, second unidirectional threaded screw rod; 49, photovoltaic silicon wafer. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "joined", "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The following will describe the embodiments according to the overall structure of the present invention.

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 to 18 , this embodiment provides a photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision, including:

[0041] There are four frames 1. Inside the first and third frames 1, a belt conveyor mechanism 4 is provided. On the top of the belt conveyor mechanism 4, a photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 is placed. Inside the second and fourth frames 1, a clamping and conveying mechanism 3 is installed. On the top of each frame 1, a vision detection mechanism 2 is installed; between every two frames 1, a support frame 5 is provided. On one side of each support frame 5, a turning mechanism, a clamping and feeding mechanism, a switching clamping mechanism, and a switching opening mechanism are provided;

[0042] The turning mechanism includes a first driving motor 7 installed on one side of the support frame 5. The output end of the first driving motor 7 penetrates to one side 1 of the support frame 5 and is fixedly connected to a connecting seat 46. One end of the connecting seat 46 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 6. Four connecting bars 8 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 6. On one side of each connecting bar 8, a bin 9 is fixedly connected;

[0043] The vision detection mechanism 2 is composed of parts such as a light source, an industrial camera, and a lens. When the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 passes under the vision detection mechanism 2, the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 can be photographed to detect the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49, so as to determine whether there are defects on the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49. Since vision detection is a prior art, no excessive elaboration is made in this solution;

[0044] The clamping and conveying mechanism 3 is composed of two groups of synchronous wheels and synchronous belts. After the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 enters between the two groups of synchronous wheels and synchronous belts, it is limited by the two groups of synchronous wheels and synchronous belts, and the synchronous belt is driven by the synchronous wheel to rotate, so as to form clamping and conveying of the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 in the middle. The first driving motor 7 is controlled by the PLC controller, and the intermittent start of the first driving motor 7 can be controlled. The four bins 9 on the outer wall of a rotating shaft 6 can be divided into the first discharging part, the second discharging part, the third discharging part, and the fourth discharging part in the clockwise direction. Both the belt conveying mechanism 4 and the clamping and conveying mechanism 3 are controlled by the PLC controller, and the intermittent start of the belt conveying mechanism 4 (which can be composed of components such as a belt, a belt pulley, and a servo motor, and since it is a prior art, this solution is not described in detail) and the clamping and conveying mechanism 3 can be controlled;

[0045] At the top of the support frame 5 between the first conveying part and the second conveying part, a U-shaped frame is fixedly connected, and 3D vision cameras are symmetrically installed inside the U-shaped frame. The two 3D vision cameras are located on both sides of the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49. When the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 is rotated by 90 degrees by the bin 9, the second sliding plates 34 on both sides are opened at this time, and the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 is photographed by the 3D vision cameras, so as to detect both sides of the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49, thereby improving the integrity of the detection of the device and thus improving the overall practicality of the device;

[0046] When the staff places the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 on the top of the first rack 1, the PLC controller controls the belt conveyor mechanism 4 to start, thereby driving the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 to move towards the side of the bin body 9. And when the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 moves to the bottom of the vision detection mechanism 2, at this time, the vision detection mechanism 2 can take a picture of the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 to detect the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49. After the first vision detection mechanism 2 finishes detecting the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49, the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 continues to move, so that it can enter the first discharging part inside the first support frame 5. Subsequently, the output end of the first driving motor 7 drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, thereby driving the four bin bodies 9 to rotate 90 degrees. Then, the first driving motor 7 stops running. In this way, the four bin bodies 9 can be driven by the first driving motor 7 to perform intermittent circular rotation. When the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 rotates 270 degrees clockwise, it can be conveyed to the inside of the clamping and conveying mechanism 3 on the second rack 1. The photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 is conveyed through the clamping and conveying mechanism 3, so that one end of it can be detected by the second vision detection mechanism 2. When the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 enters the bin body 9 inside the second support frame 5 from the second rack 1, then the bin body 9 is flipped 270 degrees so that the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 inside rotates to the horizontal position and is parallel to the third rack 1. And at this time, after the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 that has been detected on the front side is turned over and conveyed to the third rack 1, its back side is detected by the third vision detection mechanism 2. After the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 enters the bin body 9 inside the third support frame 5 from the third rack 1, the bin body 9 rotates counterclockwise under the drive of the first driving motor 7. When the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 rotates 270 degrees clockwise intermittently, it can be conveyed to the inside of the clamping and conveying mechanism 3 inside the fourth rack 1 for conveying, so that the other end of it can be detected by the fourth vision detection mechanism 2. Through the above-mentioned conveying method in cooperation with the turning-over mechanism, six-sided detection can be carried out during the continuous conveying of the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49. Without manual operation by the staff, all-round detection of the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 can be realized, thereby improving the overall detection efficiency of the device.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 3 to 13, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision. The clamping and feeding mechanism includes multiple groups of first fixing plates 13 arranged inside the bin body 9. A plurality of first rotating rods 14 are rotatably connected to the inner sides of each group of first fixing plates 13. One end of each of the plurality of first rotating rods 14 is fixedly connected with a first spur gear 23, and a chain 22 is installed on the outer walls of the plurality of first spur gears 23. The clamping and feeding mechanism further includes a rectangular plate 12 fixedly connected to the top of the first fixing plate 13. A second driving motor 20 is installed at one end of the rectangular plate 12. The output end of the second driving motor 20 penetrates to one side of the rectangular plate 12 and is fixedly connected with a second rotating rod 17. A second belt pulley 18 is installed on the outer wall of the second rotating rod 17. A first belt pulley 15 is installed on the outer wall of the first rotating rod 14. A first belt 19 is installed on the outer walls of the second belt pulley 18 and the first belt pulley 15. A transverse conveying mechanism is arranged on one side of the rectangular plate 12; The transverse conveying mechanism includes two first sliding plates 24 arranged inside the bin body 9. A plurality of second fixing plates 25 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two first sliding plates 24. A third rotating rod 26 is rotatably connected to the inner side of each second fixing plate 25. A driving rod 27 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third rotating rod 26. A third belt pulley 28 is installed on the outer wall of the third rotating rod 26. A second belt 29 is installed on the outer walls of the plurality of third belt pulleys 28. A third driving motor 30 is installed at one end of one of the second fixing plates 25. The output end of the third driving motor 30 is fixedly connected with one of the third rotating rods 26; The switching clamping mechanism includes two second connecting plates 31 fixedly connected to the inside of the bin body 9. A limiting strip 10 is fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two second connecting plates 31. Two first connecting plates 11 are slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting strip 10, and the first connecting plates 11 are fixedly connected with the rectangular plate 12. The first sliding plate 24 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting strip 10; The switching clamping mechanism further includes a fourth driving motor 33 installed on the top of the second connecting plate 31. The fourth driving motor 33 penetrates to the bottom of the second connecting plate 31 and is fixedly connected with a bidirectional threaded screw 32. Two sets of positive threads and reverse threads are arranged on the outer wall of the bidirectional threaded screw 32, and the two sets of first connecting plates 11 and the first sliding plates 24 are respectively threadedly connected to the positive threads and the reverse threads;

[0048] The third driving motor 30 is controlled by the PLC controller and can be controlled to start intermittently. When the photovoltaic wafer 49 is transported to contact with the driving rod 27, the PLC controller controls the third driving motor 30 to start at this time, thereby driving a third rotating rod 26 to rotate, thereby driving a third pulley 28 to transmit power, thereby driving the second belt 29 to move, thereby driving the remaining third pulleys 28 to rotate, so that all the driving rods 27 can rotate synchronously, thereby driving all the driving rods 27 to rotate synchronously, and under the action of the driving rods 27, the photovoltaic wafer 49 is pushed, so that the photovoltaic wafer 49 is pushed to the central position inside the bin 9, thereby ensuring that when the photovoltaic wafer 49 is turned over, the photovoltaic wafer 49 is inside the bin 9, thus ensuring the stability of the photovoltaic wafer 49 during rotation, so that the photovoltaic wafer 49 will not slide to the ground, thereby improving the protection of the photovoltaic wafer 49 and at the same time improving the overall practicality of the device;

[0049] The second driving motor 20 is controlled by the PLC controller and can be controlled to start intermittently. When the bin 9 finishes turning over the photovoltaic wafer 49, the PLC controller controls the second driving motor 20 to start at this time, thereby driving the second rotating rod 17 to rotate, thereby driving the second pulley 18 to rotate, thereby driving the first belt 19 to move, thereby driving the first pulley 15 to rotate, thereby driving the first straight gear 23 to rotate, thereby driving the chain 22 to rotate, and thus being able to drive the first rotating rod 14 to move synchronously, thereby driving the driving wheel 21 to move synchronously, so that the photovoltaic wafer 49 can be driven to move from the inside of the bin 9 to the next conveying part, thereby detecting the next surface, thus realizing the rapid conveyance of the photovoltaic wafer 49, thereby improving the transportation efficiency of the device, and thus improving the overall practicality of the device;

[0050] The fourth driving motor 33 is controlled by a PLC controller, and the intermittent start of the fourth driving motor 33 can be controlled. When the driving rod 27 transports the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49, the PLC controller controls the start of the fourth driving motor 33 at this time. The output end of the fourth driving motor 33 drives the bidirectional threaded screw rod 32 to rotate, thereby driving the bidirectional threaded screw rod 32 to rotate forward, so as to drive the two first sliding plates 24 to move towards the center position of the bin body 9, and at the same time drive the two first connecting plates 11 to move towards the top and bottom of the bin body 9 respectively, so that the driving rod 27 can be close to the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49, and at the same time the two first connecting plates 11 can be far away from the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49, thereby avoiding interfering with the movement of the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49. When the driving motor 33 stops moving, the driving rods 27 at the upper and lower ends of the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 press on the top and bottom of the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 respectively at this time, so as to fix the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49, thereby preventing the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 from falling during the turning operation. At the same time, when the first connecting plate 11 transports the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49, the fourth driving motor 33 can drive the bidirectional threaded screw rod 32 to rotate in the reverse direction at this time, so that the two first connecting plates 11 move towards the center position of the bin body 9, and at the same time drive the two first sliding plates 24 to move towards the top and bottom of the bin body 9 respectively, so that the first connecting plate 11 can effectively transport the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49, thereby avoiding the mutual interference between the first connecting plate 11 and the driving rod 27, thus improving the practicability of the device transportation and the transportation efficiency of the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49;

[0051] Please refer to Figures 6 to 18, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision. The switching and opening mechanism includes two third sliding plates 35 sliding inside the bin body 9. Two second one-way threaded lead screws 48 are rotatably connected to the inside of the bin body 9, and the third sliding plates 35 are threadedly connected to the second one-way threaded lead screws 48. A second sliding plate 34 is slidably connected to the inside of the bin body 9. A first one-way threaded lead screw 39 is rotatably connected to the inside of the bin body 9, and the second sliding plate 34 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first one-way threaded lead screw 39. A second synchronous pulley 38 is installed on the outer wall of the first one-way threaded lead screw 39. First synchronous pulleys 36 are installed on the outer walls of the two second one-way threaded lead screws 48. A synchronous belt 37 is installed on the outer walls of the two first synchronous pulleys 36 and the second synchronous pulley 38; The switching and opening mechanism further includes a circular ring 43 fixedly connected to one side of the support frame 5. An annular inclined surface 44 is provided inside the circular ring 43. A fixed block 47 is fixedly connected to the inside of the connecting seat 46. Four spherical rods 45 are slidably connected to the inside of the connecting seat 46. Each spherical rod 45 abuts against the annular inclined surface 44. A return spring 16 is installed between each spherical rod 45 and the fixed block 47. A third connecting plate 42 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spherical rod 45. One end of the third connecting plate 42 is fixedly connected to a straight rack 41. A second straight gear 40 is fixedly connected to the top of one of the second one-way threaded lead screws 48. The second straight gear 40 meshes with the straight rack 41;

[0052] There are two symmetrical slopes provided on the annular inclined plane. Initially, the spherical rod 45 abuts against the bottom of the slope. When the first driving motor 7 drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, it can drive the connecting seat 46 to rotate, thereby driving the spherical rod 45 to rotate, causing the spherical rod 45 to move from the bottom of the slope to the top of the slope. At this time, under the action of the slope, the spherical rod 45 is pushed towards the fixed block 47, thereby driving the third connecting plate 42 to move towards the fixed block 47, driving the straight rack 41 to move, thereby driving the second spur gear 40 to rotate, driving a second one-way threaded lead screw 48 to rotate, driving a first synchronous pulley 36 to rotate, driving the synchronous belt 37 to move, driving the second synchronous pulley 38 and another first synchronous pulley 36 to rotate, driving two second one-way threaded lead screws 48 and a first one-way threaded lead screw 39 to rotate, driving two third sliding plates 35 to move towards the top of the bin body 9, and the second sliding plate 34 to move towards the center of the bin body 9. And when the connecting seat 46 rotates by 90 degrees, at this time the spherical rod 45 moves to the top of the slope, and at this time the straight rack 41 moves to the maximum position, so that the third sliding plate 35 is completely opened and the second sliding plate 34 is completely closed. In this way, while opening the central position of the bin body 9, one side of the second sliding plate 34 is closed, thereby limiting the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49, effectively protecting the photovoltaic silicon wafer 49 from falling to the bottom of the bin body 9. At the same time, the entrance to the next conveying part is opened, facilitating the inspection of the next surface, improving the inspection efficiency of the device, and improving the overall practicality of the device.

[0053] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision, characterized in that Including: A frame (1), four frames (1) are provided, a belt conveyor mechanism (4) is arranged inside the first and third frames (1), a photovoltaic silicon wafer (49) is placed on the top of the belt conveyor mechanism (4), a clamping and conveying mechanism (3) is installed inside the second and fourth frames (1), and a vision detection mechanism (2) is installed on the top of each frame (1); A support frame (5) is arranged between every two frames (1), and a turning mechanism, a clamping and feeding mechanism, a switching clamping mechanism and a switching opening mechanism are arranged on one side of each support frame (5); The turning mechanism includes a first driving motor (7) installed on one side of the support frame (5), the output end of the first driving motor (7) penetrates to one side of the support frame (5) and is fixedly connected with a connecting seat (46), one end of the connecting seat (46) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (6), four connecting bars (8) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (6), and a bin body (9) is fixedly connected to one side of each connecting bar (8); The clamping and feeding mechanism includes multiple groups of first fixing plates (13) arranged inside the bin body (9), multiple first rotating rods (14) are rotatably connected inside each group of first fixing plates (13), a first straight gear (23) is fixedly connected to one end of each of the multiple first rotating rods (14), and a chain (22) is installed on the outer walls of the multiple first straight gears (23); The clamping and feeding mechanism further includes a rectangular plate (12) fixedly connected to the top of the first fixing plate (13), a second driving motor (20) is installed at one end of the rectangular plate (12), the output end of the second driving motor (20) penetrates to one side of the rectangular plate (12) and is fixedly connected with a second rotating rod (17), a second belt pulley (18) is installed on the outer wall of the second rotating rod (17), a first belt pulley (15) is installed on the outer wall of the first rotating rod (14), a first belt (19) is installed between the outer walls of the second belt pulley (18) and the first belt pulley (15), and a transverse conveying mechanism is arranged on one side of the rectangular plate (12).

2. The photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse conveying mechanism includes two first sliding plates (24) arranged inside the bin body (9), multiple second fixing plates (25) are fixedly connected to the inside of each of the two first sliding plates (24), a third rotating rod (26) is rotatably connected to the inside of each second fixing plate (25), a driving rod (27) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third rotating rod (26), a third belt pulley (28) is installed on the outer wall of the third rotating rod (26), a second belt (29) is installed on the outer walls of the multiple third belt pulleys (28), a third driving motor (30) is installed at one end of one of the second fixing plates (25), and the output end of the third driving motor (30) is fixedly connected with one of the third rotating rods (26).

3. The photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision according to claim 2, wherein, The switching clamping mechanism includes two second connecting plates (31) fixedly connected to the inner side of the bin body (9). A limiting strip (10) is fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two second connecting plates (31). Two first connecting plates (11) are slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting strip (10), and the first connecting plates (11) are fixedly connected to the rectangular plate (12). The first sliding plate (24) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting strip (10).

4. The photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision according to claim 3, wherein The switching clamping mechanism further includes a fourth driving motor (33) installed on the top of the second connecting plate (31). The fourth driving motor (33) penetrates to the bottom of the second connecting plate (31) and is fixedly connected with a bidirectional threaded screw rod (32). Two sets of right-handed threads and left-handed threads are arranged on the outer wall of the bidirectional threaded screw rod (32). The two first connecting plates (11) and the first sliding plate (24) are respectively threadedly connected to the right-handed thread and the left-handed thread.

5. The photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision according to claim 4, characterized in that The switching opening mechanism includes two third sliding plates (35) slidably arranged inside the bin body (9). Two second one-way threaded screw rods (48) are rotatably connected to the inner side of the bin body (9). The third sliding plates (35) are threadedly connected to the second one-way threaded screw rods (48). A second sliding plate (34) is slidably connected to the inner side of the bin body (9). A first one-way threaded screw rod (39) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the bin body (9). The second sliding plate (34) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first one-way threaded screw rod (39). A second synchronous pulley (38) is installed on the outer wall of the first one-way threaded screw rod (39). A first synchronous pulley (36) is installed on the outer walls of the two second one-way threaded screw rods (48). A synchronous belt (37) is installed on the outer walls of the two first synchronous pulleys (36) and the second synchronous pulley (38).

6. The photovoltaic silicon wafer defect detection device based on machine vision according to claim 5, characterized in that, The switching opening mechanism further includes a circular ring (43) fixedly connected to one side of the support frame (5). An annular inclined surface (44) is formed inside the circular ring (43). A fixed block (47) is fixedly connected to the inside of the connecting seat (46). Four spherical rods (45) are slidably connected to the inside of the connecting seat (46). Each spherical rod (45) abuts against the annular inclined surface (44). A return spring (16) is installed between each spherical rod (45) and the fixed block (47). A third connecting plate (42) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spherical rod (45). One end of the third connecting plate (42) is fixedly connected to a straight rack (41). A second straight gear (40) is fixedly connected to the top of one of the second one-way threaded screw rods (48). The second straight gear (40) meshes with the straight rack (41).

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