Three-dimensional vertical planting system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of three-dimensional planting equipment, and discloses a three-dimensional vertical planting system which comprises a planting bin, hydroponic planting devices, a lifting mechanism and a first transverse conveying device, a plurality of planting layers are arranged in the planting bin, each planting layer is provided with a plurality of planting positions, and the movable hydroponic planting devices are arranged at the planting positions; each planting layer is provided with a first transverse conveying device used for driving the hydroponic planting device to move in the transverse direction, at least one side of the planting bin is provided with a lifting mechanism, and the lifting range of the lifting mechanism covers each planting layer so as to convey the hydroponic planting device in a lifting mode. By means of the device, large-batch crop planting can be achieved, flexible movement from the planting position to the picking area can be achieved, picking and other operations can be conveniently carried out, management is more convenient, the working efficiency is improved, and the labor cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of three-dimensional planting equipment, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional vertical planting system. Background Art

[0002] With the increase in the global population and the acceleration of the urbanization process, agricultural production is facing severe challenges. In this context, the method of three-dimensional planting has gradually become one of the effective ways to solve agricultural production problems. Three-dimensional planting can make full use of the existing land resources, improve the growth efficiency and yield of crops at the same time, reduce environmental damage and waste of resources. It can effectively alleviate the contradiction between people and land and the contradiction between various crops competing for land. It can relieve the pressure on the soil environment and water environment brought by residual chemical fertilizers, pesticides, etc.

[0003] In the prior art, large quantities of crops can be planted in three-dimensional vertical planting, but for indoor three-dimensional planting, a large amount of manual labor is mostly used for planting management and handling, with high costs, high labor intensity, and low work efficiency, which is not conducive to realizing intelligent planting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional vertical planting system to solve the problems of low planting efficiency and high labor costs in the existing three-dimensional planting system.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A three-dimensional vertical planting system includes a planting bin, a hydroponic planting device, a lifting mechanism, and a first horizontal conveying device. A plurality of planting layers are provided in the planting bin. A plurality of planting positions are provided on the planting layer, and a movable hydroponic planting device is provided at the planting position.

[0007] A first horizontal conveying device for driving the hydroponic planting device to move horizontally is provided on each planting layer. At least one side of the planting bin is provided with a lifting mechanism, and the lifting range of the lifting mechanism covers each planting layer to lift and convey the hydroponic planting device.

[0008] A picking area is provided in the planting bin, and the picking area is at the bottom of the planting bin and is connected to the lifting mechanism.

[0009] The hydroponic planting device includes a hydroponic planting tray with a water storage cavity. The hydroponic planting tray is provided with a plurality of planting components forming planting grooves. The planting components extend into the water storage cavity and are communicated with the water storage cavity through water passing holes on the planting components.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the hydroponic planting device further includes a mobile vehicle frame, on which the hydroponic planting tray is arranged. A limiter is arranged on the mobile vehicle frame. The limiter includes a locking tongue that switches between a locked position and an unlocked position. When the locking tongue is in the locked position, it forms a limiting relationship with the first lateral conveying device in the lateral direction so that the hydroponic planting device is driven by the first lateral conveying device for conveying.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the planting layer is provided with a guide rail parallel to the conveying direction of the first lateral conveying device, and the mobile vehicle frame is provided with rollers that cooperate with the guide rail.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the hydroponic planting tray includes a water tray and a planting plate arranged on the water tray. A water storage cavity is formed between the planting plate and the water tray, and a plurality of placement holes are formed on the planting plate;

[0013] The planting component includes a planting cup provided with a water passing hole, and the planting cup is placed in the placement hole.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the hydroponic planting tray is provided with a water inlet and a drain outlet. Above the water inlet, there is a water and fertilizer injection valve communicated with the water and fertilizer conveying pipeline. The drain outlet is provided with a first electromagnetic valve. A water level detection device and a spraying device are arranged in the water storage cavity. The water and fertilizer injection valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the spraying device and the water level detection device are connected to a controller.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the lifting mechanism includes a longitudinal lifting channel, a loading member and a lifting driving device. The longitudinal lifting channel is provided with a loading member for loading the hydroponic planting device, and the lifting driving device drives the loading member to lift and move in the longitudinal lifting channel.

[0016] In a possible implementation, lifting structures are respectively arranged on both sides of the planting warehouse, and a picking area and a planting area are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the planting warehouse. A second lateral conveying device is also arranged between the picking area and the planting area. The first lateral conveying device, the lifting mechanism on one side, the second lateral conveying device and the lifting mechanism on the other side are connected in sequence to form a circular conveying path.

[0017] In a possible implementation, a plurality of surge-proof plates are arranged at intervals in the water storage cavity, and a reinforcing plate perpendicular to the surge-proof plates.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the three-dimensional vertical planting system further includes a water and fertilizer storage device for providing water and fertilizer to the hydroponic planting tray. The water and fertilizer storage device is provided with a water and fertilizer information detection module. An air conditioning module is provided in the planting chamber, and a root environment detection module is provided in the water storage chamber. The root environment detection module, the water and fertilizer information detection module, and the air conditioning module are connected to a control module.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the water and fertilizer information detection module includes a first water level gauge and a water quality sensor. The first water level gauge and the water quality sensor are both connected to the control module;

[0020] And / or, the air conditioning module includes a fan, a light intensity detection device, a second oxygen concentration detector, and a second carbon dioxide concentration detector; the fan, the light intensity detection device, the second oxygen concentration detector, and the second carbon dioxide concentration detector are all connected to the control module.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the root environment detection module includes a first temperature and humidity detector and a first oxygen concentration detector. The first temperature and humidity detector, the first oxygen concentration detector, and the first carbon dioxide concentration detector are all connected to the control module.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The three-dimensional vertical planting system of the present invention can perform closed hydroponic planting through the planting chamber, reducing the evaporation of crop water. The planting method with multiple planting positions in layers can achieve large-scale crop planting, and the first horizontal conveying device and the lifting mechanism are provided to facilitate the movement of the hydroponic planting device in the planting chamber, and thus the flexible movement from the planting position to the picking area can be realized, which is convenient for operations such as picking, more convenient for management, improves work efficiency, and reduces labor costs.

[0024] Moreover, the hydroponic planting device can automatically inject water and fertilizer, perform spraying, and detect the root environment, which is conducive to realizing intelligent management of planting. And through the fertilizer information detection module, the air conditioning module, and the control module, the planting environment and water and fertilizer supply parameters of the crops can be monitored and managed, reducing labor costs and improving planting efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional vertical planting system;

[0026] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partially enlarged schematic diagram of

[0027] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged schematic view in the side view direction, which also shows the internal structure of the hydroponic planting tray;

[0028] Figure 4 is a side view structure diagram of a hydroponic planting device of a three-dimensional vertical planting system;

[0029] Figure 5 is a front view structure diagram of a hydroponic planting device of a three-dimensional vertical planting system;

[0030] Figure 6 is a top view of the planting plate of a hydroponic planting device of a three-dimensional vertical planting system;

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the limiter and the first lateral conveying device of a hydroponic planting device of a three-dimensional vertical planting system;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of a three-dimensional vertical planting system.

[0033] In the figure: 1 - planting bin; 11 - planting layer; 12 - maintenance passage; 13 - picking area; 14 - planting area; 15 - planting position; 2 - lifting mechanism; 21 - longitudinal lifting passage; 22 - loading member; 3 - hydroponic planting device; 31 - mobile vehicle frame; 311 - roller; 32 - hydroponic planting tray; 321 - water storage cavity; 322 - spraying device; 323 - planting cup; 324 - planting plate; 3241 - placing hole; 325 - water inlet; 326 - surge-proof plate; 327 - reinforcing plate; 328 - drain outlet; 329 - solenoid valve 1; 3210 - support frame; 3211 - water tray; 3212 - water level detection device; 33 - limiter; 331 - locking tongue; 4 - second lateral conveying device; 5 - first lateral conveying device; 6 - pneumatic stopper; 7 - water and fertilizer conveying pipeline; 8 - water and fertilizer injection valve; 9 - water receiving tank; 10 - drain pipe; 100 - V-shaped guide rail; 200 - chain mechanism; 201 - transmission part; 300 - control module; 400 - water and fertilizer information detection module; 500 - root environment detection module; 600 - air conditioning module. Specific embodiments

[0034] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1-8As shown in the figure, a three-dimensional vertical planting system includes a planting bin 1, a hydroponic planting device 3, a lifting mechanism 2, and a first lateral conveying device 5. A plurality of planting layers 11 are provided in the planting bin 1. A plurality of planting positions 15 are provided on the planting layer 11. A movable hydroponic planting device 3 is provided at the planting position 15. Each planting layer 11 is provided with a first lateral conveying device 5 for driving the hydroponic planting device 3 to move laterally. At least one side of the planting bin 1 is provided with a lifting mechanism 2. The lifting range of the lifting mechanism 2 covers each planting layer 11 to lift and convey the hydroponic planting device 3.

[0036] Among them, the planting bin 1 can form a closed planting space, which is conducive to the control of internal environmental factors and the reduction of crop water evaporation. A plurality of planting layers 11 are formed in the planting bin 1 through a steel frame structure. A plurality of planting positions 15 are arranged in an array on each layer. Such a hierarchical planting structure with multiple planting positions 15 can facilitate the orderly management of batch planting. The hydroponic planting device 3 is used for hydroponic planting and can move. In this way, it can be conveyed to the end side position, such as the lifting mechanism 2, under the drive of the lateral conveying mechanism, and then moved to the target layer through the lifting of the lifting mechanism 2. The movable hydroponic planting device 3 can facilitate the management personnel to pull or push in case of emergency.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present application, the planting bin 1 is provided with a picking area 13. The picking area is at the bottom of the planting bin 1 and is connected to the lifting mechanism 2.

[0038] The picking area 13 is used to convey the hydroponic planting device 3 to this area for mechanical picking or manual picking after the crops bear fruit and mature. This area is set at the bottom of the planting bin 1 and can be conveyed to this area through the lifting of the lifting mechanism 2. And the lifting mechanism 2 is connected to the picking area 13, so that when reaching the bottom layer, the hydroponic planting device 3 can reach the picking area 13 only by horizontal movement, which is more convenient.

[0039] The hydroponic planting device 3 includes a hydroponic planting tray 32 with a water storage cavity 321. The hydroponic planting tray 32 is provided with a plurality of planting components forming planting grooves. The planting components extend into the water storage cavity 321 and are communicated with the water storage cavity 321 through water passing holes on the planting components. The hydroponic planting device 3 has a water storage cavity 321. The planting components arranged thereon can implant the seedlings of crops through the planting bin 1. The root systems of the seedlings can be communicated with the water storage cavity 321 through the water passing holes at the bottom of the planting components to facilitate the absorption of water and fertilizer, realizing hydroponic planting.

[0040] Through the above technical solution, the planting bin 1 can perform closed hydroponic planting, reducing the evaporation of crop moisture. The planting method with multiple planting positions 15 in layers can achieve large-scale crop planting. By setting the first horizontal conveying device 5 and the lifting mechanism 2, it is convenient for the hydroponic planting device 3 to move in the planting bin 1, and thus it can be flexibly moved from the planting position 15 to the picking area 13, which facilitates operations such as picking, is more convenient for management, improves work efficiency, and reduces labor costs.

[0041] In an embodiment, the hydroponic planting device 3 further includes a moving vehicle frame 31. A hydroponic planting tray 32 is arranged on the moving vehicle frame 31. A limiter 33 is arranged on the moving vehicle frame 31. The limiter 33 includes a locking tongue 331 that switches between a locked position and an unlocked position. When the locking tongue 331 is in the locked position, it forms a limiting relationship with the first horizontal conveying device 5 in the horizontal direction so that the hydroponic planting device 3 is driven by the first horizontal conveying device 5 for conveying.

[0042] The moving vehicle frame 31 can move, and the hydroponic planting tray 32 is placed on the moving vehicle frame 31. Thus, the hydroponic planting tray 32 can also move, and it is convenient to move to the target position through the movement. The limiter 33 on the moving vehicle frame 31 is used to cooperate with the first horizontal conveying device 5. The limiter 33 has a locking tongue 331 that switches between a locked position and an unlocked position. The locking tongue 331 is switched by telescoping. When the locking tongue 331 is in the locked position, it can form a limiting relationship with the first horizontal conveying device 5 and move along with the horizontal conveying of the first horizontal conveying device 5. When the locking tongue 331 is in the unlocked position, the limiting relationship between it and the first horizontal conveying device 5 is released, and then it can be separated from the first horizontal conveying device 5. Such a limiting connection is more convenient.

[0043] In the specific implementation process, in combination with Figure 2 and Figure 7 as shown, the first horizontal conveying device 5 can be a chain mechanism 200. A transmission part 201 that can cooperate with the limiting part of the locking tongue 331 is arranged on the chain of the chain mechanism 200. The transmission part 201 protrudes upward to facilitate forming a limiting cooperation; the first horizontal conveying device 5 can also be a flat conveyor belt, and the transmission part 201 is arranged on the flat conveyor belt for transmission cooperation, or other mechanisms that can perform translational conveying, without limitation. The limiter 33 can adopt a weight type stopper. The weight type stopper has a lever arm hinged to the top of the locking tongue 331. When there is nothing to push the lever arm, the locking tongue 331 is stuck on the driving chain below due to its weight and is pulled to move. When it encounters the trolley or the pneumatic stopper 6 in front and stops moving, it uses the lever principle to lift the locking tongue up and unhook it from the driving chain.

[0044] In order to enable the hydroponic planting device 3 to move more stably with the first horizontal conveying device 5, in combination withFigure 4 As shown, further, the planting layer 11 is provided with guide rails parallel to the conveying direction of the first transverse conveying device 5, and the moving vehicle frame 31 is provided with rollers 311 that cooperate with the guide rails.

[0045] Specifically, the guide rail is an inverted V-shaped guide rail 100, and the roller 311 is a roller 311 with a V-shaped groove, so that they can cooperate with each other and it is not easy to break away when the roller 311 moves along the guide rail.

[0046] In an embodiment of the hydroponic planting device 3, in combination with Figure 2 - Figure 5 As shown, the hydroponic planting tray 32 includes a water tray 3211 and a planting plate 324 provided on the water tray 3211. A water storage cavity 321 is formed between the planting plate 324 and the water tray 3211, and a plurality of placement holes 3241 are formed on the planting plate 324; the planting component includes a planting cup 323 provided with a water passing hole, and the planting cup 323 is placed in the placement hole 3241.

[0047] The water tray 3211 for storing water can cooperate with the planting plate 324 to form a hydroponic planting tray 32 with a water storage cavity 321, and the planting plate 324 can be supported by a support frame 3210 inside the water tray 3211 to carry more crops, and the structural design is more reasonable. The planting cup 323 with a water passing hole can form a planting groove to implant crop seedlings, and the hydroponic planting tray 32 can facilitate the installation of the planting cup 323 by setting the placement holes 3241. A flange is provided on the outer periphery of the top of the planting cup 323, and a longitudinal limiting relationship can be formed with the placement hole 3241 after placement, so as to achieve stable support.

[0048] On this basis, in combination with Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the hydroponic planting tray 32 is further provided with a water inlet 325 and a drain outlet 328. Above the water inlet 325, there is a water and fertilizer injection valve 8 connected to the water and fertilizer delivery pipeline 7. The drain outlet 328 is provided with a first electromagnetic valve 329. Inside the water storage cavity 321, there are a water level detection device 3212 and a spraying device 322. The water and fertilizer injection valve 8, the first electromagnetic valve 329, the spraying device 322 and the water level detection device 3212 are connected to a controller. The water inlet 325 is preferably an open setting, and above it is provided with a water and fertilizer injection valve 8 connected to the water and fertilizer delivery pipeline 7. When the water level detection device 3212 inside detects that the water and fertilizer liquid level is lower than the preset lower limit value, the controller controls the water and fertilizer injection valve 8 to open for water and fertilizer injection. When the internal water and fertilizer injection reaches the preset upper limit value of the internal liquid level, the injection can be stopped through the controller, thereby realizing automatic injection of wastewater, avoiding manual management. And when there is excess water and fertilizer, the controller can open the drain outlet 328 through the first electromagnetic valve 329 for drainage, which is more convenient. The spraying device 322 is arranged at the bottom of the water storage cavity 321, and it is used to atomize the water and fertilizer so that the atomized water and fertilizer can be sprayed on the root systems that penetrate outside the planting cup 323, which is beneficial for the root systems to absorb. A water receiving tank 9 connected to the drain pipe 10 can also be arranged at the planting position 15. The water receiving tank 9 is located directly below the drain outlet 328, so that the drainage can be better collected. Preferably, the drain pipe 10 is connected to the water and fertilizer storage through a main drain pipe and forms a circulating pipeline with the output pipeline of the water and fertilizer storage. When flowing back, it can circulate out after compounding.

[0049] In the specific implementation process, in combination with Figure 1 and Figure 2 as described, the lifting mechanism 2 includes a longitudinal lifting channel 21, a loading member 22 and a lifting driving device (not shown in the figure). Inside the longitudinal lifting channel 21, there is a loading member 22 for loading the hydroponic planting device 3, and the lifting driving device drives the loading member 22 to move up and down inside the longitudinal lifting channel 21. The lifting channel is similar to an elevator shaft, and the loading member 22 is similar to a car. The loading member 22 can be a bearing structure including pedals or a box structure, and the up and down lifting of the loading member 22 is realized through a lifting driving device such as a winch cooperating with a wire suspension rope. When the hydroponic planting tray 32 at the planting position 15 needs to be picked, it is first driven by the first transverse conveying device 5 to move to the lifting mechanism 2. When the lifting driving device drives the loading member 22 to move to the corresponding planting layer 11, the hydroponic planting device 3 is manually pushed onto the loading member 22, and at this time, the lifting driving device can drive the loading member 22 to descend to the bottom planting layer 11 corresponding to the picking area 13 for picking.

[0050] In order to reduce the impact of the internal liquid on the overall stability during the movement of the hydroponic planting tray 32, a plurality of surge-proof plates 326 distributed at intervals and reinforcing plates 327 perpendicular to the surge-proof plates 326 are provided in the water storage cavity 321. The surge-proof plates 326 can prevent excessive surging of the internal water and fertilizer, avoid the instability of the hydroponic planting device 3 during movement, and the reinforcing plates 327 can improve the structural stability of the planting plate 324.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 8 As shown, in an embodiment of the present application, the three-dimensional vertical planting system further includes a water and fertilizer storage device (not shown in the figure) for providing water and fertilizer for the hydroponic planting tray 32. The water and fertilizer storage device is provided with a water and fertilizer information detection module 400. An air conditioning module 600 is provided in the planting chamber 1. A root environment detection module 500 is provided in the water storage cavity 321. The root environment detection module 500, the water and fertilizer information detection module 400, the root environment detection module 500, the water and fertilizer information detection module 400, the air conditioning module 600 and the control valve are connected to a control module 300. The air conditioning module 600 is connected to the control module 300.

[0052] The water and fertilizer storage device is connected to the water and fertilizer delivery pipeline 7 through a pumping device. It is provided with a water and fertilizer information detection module 400, which is used to detect the water and fertilizer information stored in the water and fertilizer storage device. The water and fertilizer information can include the detection of internal water level, trace element content, concentration and other information of the water and fertilizer. By detecting this water and fertilizer information, it is convenient for the compounding and management of water and fertilizer, and the detected data is transmitted to the control module 300 for the operator to understand and control in a timely manner. The root environment detection module 500 is used to detect the environmental information at the position of the crop roots. This environmental information can include information such as temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, and carbon dioxide concentration, so as to understand the changes in the environmental data of the roots and then facilitate the judgment of the growth situation of the crops. The air conditioning module 600 is arranged in the planting chamber 1. Through the air conditioning module 600, the air in the planting chamber 1 can be adjusted to an environment suitable for crop growth, such as adjusting the temperature, humidity, etc. in the chamber. In this way, through multi-faceted detection and control, it is beneficial to realize the intelligent management of crops, which is more convenient.

[0053] In one embodiment, the water and fertilizer information detection module 400 includes a first water level gauge and a water quality sensor, and the first water level gauge and the water quality sensor are both connected to the control module 300.

[0054] The water and fertilizer storage device can be a barrel-shaped structure or a box-shaped structure, preferably a water and fertilizer storage tank. The first water level gauge of the water and fertilizer information detection module 400 is used to detect the water and fertilizer liquid level in the water and fertilizer storage tank. It can be a float-type water level gauge or other types of water level gauges. Through the detection of the water level, water and fertilizer can be delivered in a timely manner. The water quality sensor can detect the water quality information of the water and fertilizer. The water quality information can include elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and data information such as pH value. For example, a nutrient sensor or an electrochemical sensor, and the data information detected by it is transmitted to the control module 300. Through the routine data processing of the control module 300, relevant control operations and understanding can be facilitated.

[0055] In order to make it more conducive to the adaptability of crops to the temperature of water and fertilizer, further, an electric heating device is provided inside the water and fertilizer storage tank, and the electric heating device is connected to the control module 300. The electric heating device can adopt an electric heating tube, which can heat the water and fertilizer to a suitable temperature, thereby facilitating the absorption of crops and reducing the impact of the cold outdoor environment on plants.

[0056] Further, the air conditioning module 600 includes a fan, a light intensity detection device, a second oxygen concentration detector, and a second carbon dioxide concentration detector; the fan, the light intensity detection device, the second oxygen concentration detector, and the second carbon dioxide concentration detector are all connected to the control module 300.

[0057] The fan is connected to the outside of the planting bin 1 and is used for ventilation and air supply. Preferably, a fan or a fresh air unit with temperature control can be selected to facilitate the control of the air temperature in the planting bin 1 and provide a good temperature environment for the growth of crops. The fan can adopt an existing industrial temperature control combination system, which combines a negative pressure fan with a water circulation heating / cooling module, and then the cooling and heating of the air flow can be realized. The second oxygen concentration detector and the second carbon dioxide concentration detector are respectively used to detect the oxygen concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration, and the light intensity detection device is used to detect the light intensity in the planting bin 1 to control the irradiation of the light source within a suitable range. By connecting with the control module 300, the air conditioning module 600 can facilitate automatic cooling and heating air supply according to the air data in the bin, realizing automatic adjustment.

[0058] Even further, the root environment detection module includes a first temperature and humidity detector and a first oxygen concentration detector, and the first temperature and humidity detector, the first oxygen concentration detector, and the first carbon dioxide concentration detector are all connected to the control module 300.

[0059] The first temperature and humidity detector is used to detect the internal temperature of the water storage cavity 321, the first oxygen concentration detector is used to detect the oxygen concentration in the water storage cavity 321, and the first carbon dioxide concentration detector is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the water storage cavity 321. By detecting these gas index parameters, it is convenient to understand the air quality at the root system, and thus it is beneficial to judge the growth condition of the root system. Of course, detection devices for detecting other indexes can also be set without limitation.

[0060] In the specific implementation process, the control module 300 includes a controller and an audible and visual alarm, and the controller is connected to the audible and visual alarm. The control can be implemented by an industrial computer or a PLC controller. The control logic can be set through conventional programming, and then corresponding automatic control can be performed according to relevant data parameters. When a certain data exceeds the limit value, an alarm reminder is given through the audible and visual alarm.

[0061] To facilitate the monitoring of the environment in the planting chamber 1, a camera is also included and is disposed in the planting chamber 1, and the camera is connected to the control module 300.

[0062] Preferably, lifting mechanisms 2 are respectively disposed on both sides of the planting chamber 1, and a picking area 13 and a planting area 14 are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the planting chamber 1. A second transverse conveying device 4 is also arranged between the picking area 13 and the planting area 14. The first transverse conveying device 5, the lifting mechanism 2 on one side, the second transverse conveying device 4 and the lifting mechanism 2 on the other side are connected in sequence to form a circular conveying path. Lifting mechanisms 2 are arranged on both sides of the planting chamber 1. During the picking process, the hydroponic planting device 3 of one planting layer 11 is sequentially moved to the picking area 13 through lifting on one side. After picking, the picked hydroponic planting device 3 is conveyed to the lifting mechanism 2 on the other side through the second transverse conveying device 4 at the bottom layer, and is lifted to the original planting layer 11 through the lifting mechanism 2 and sequentially reaches the original planting position 15, forming a conveying path with the head and tail connected. In this way, it is convenient to perform an orderly return.

[0063] To facilitate maintenance, maintenance channels 12 are also arranged on both sides of the planting chamber 1, so as to facilitate the maintenance of the hydroponic planting device 3 without occupying space.

[0064] A three-dimensional vertical planting system according to an embodiment of the present application realizes planting as follows:

[0065] First, place the plant seedlings in the planting cup 323 of the hydroponic planting device 3. The water and fertilizer enter the water tray 3211 through the water and fertilizer delivery pipeline 7, the water and fertilizer injection valve 8, and the water inlet 325. When the water level detection device 3212 detects that the water reaches the water level line, the water and fertilizer injection valve 8 closes, and the water level is maintained continuously (hydroponics) or intermittently (flood and drain cultivation), or atomized by the atomization device and sprayed onto the roots of the plants. The nutrient components in the water and fertilizer are continuously absorbed by the plant roots and grow until the harvesting requirements are met. The excess water absorbed by the plant roots is discharged to the water receiving tank 9 through the drain port 328 after the solenoid valve 1 329 is opened, then flows into the drain pipe 10, then into the drain riser and then into the main drain pipe, and finally flows back through the main drain pipe. After the disinfected and sterilized compound nutrient solution reaches the specified index, it is pumped into the water and fertilizer delivery pipeline 7 by the circulation pump, and operates in such a cycle.

[0066] When the crops meet the harvesting requirements, the hydroponic planting device 3 is driven by a chain and towed to the lifting mechanism 2. There is a pneumatic stopper 6 at the lifting mechanism 2. According to the programmed operation, it waits for the lifting mechanism 2 in sequence, and then is transported to the harvesting area 13 through the lifting mechanism 2. A weight type stopper is installed on each subsequent hydroponic planting device 3, and all weight type stoppers operate and stop according to requirements. The hydroponic planting device 3 enters the harvesting area 13 and picks the plants, and then is transported by the flat conveyor belt below to the planting position 15 or is transported to the planting position 15 through the lifting mechanism 2 again. After disinfection, sterilization and sorting, or the plant seedlings are put back into the planting cup 323 again, and are transported to the set planting position 15 on the planting layer 11 through the lifting mechanism 2, and the planting cycle is repeated in this way.

[0067] In the specific implementation process, the following processes or principles can be referred to for control:

[0068] 1. The controller is configured with a display touch screen panel, which can be automatically controlled or manually operated through preset relevant parameters or instructions;

[0069] 2. Control of the water and fertilizer pumping device: When spraying is required in the spray chamber, start the spray pump connected to the spray head and detect the water flow switch. If there is no action, there will be a fault sound and light alarm, and manual troubleshooting is required;

[0070] 3. Temperature sensor in the water and fertilizer storage tank: The temperature of the water and fertilizer in the water and fertilizer bucket can be controlled by setting this temperature parameter, so as to prevent the water and fertilizer temperature from being too low and affecting the growth of plants;

[0071] 4. The first water level gauge uses a four - float water level gauge, and its data are respectively displayed as 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%. If it is lower than 50%, there will be a sound and light alarm;

[0072] 5. The water quality sensor in the water and fertilizer storage tank adjusts the water quality reasonably based on the collected parameters (the default pH value is 5.9, adjustable within the range of 5.5 - 6.5; the default EC value is 0.6 ms / cm, adjustable within the range of 0.3 - 0.8 ms / cm), enabling plants to absorb it in the best state.

[0073] 6. Pumping device: The start and stop of this device are crucial for aeroponic cultivation, so the logical relationship is a bit more complex. The pumps are one standby and one in use, operating alternately every 1 hour of cumulative operation. The water and fertilizer pump runs by default at intervals of 5 minutes (adjustable in 0.5 - minute intervals from 0.5 minute to 50 minutes) for 3 minutes (adjustable in 0.5 - minute intervals from 0.5 minute to 50 minutes). Since plant growth is cyclical, an operation plan needs to be formulated. This plan uses 12 hours as a time unit and sets corresponding running times and intervals according to the plant growth cycle. Then, it operates according to the set parameters, and the running parameters can be modified at any time. After one cycle of operation, if there is no manual stop, it will run continuously from the first stage of this cycle, repeating indefinitely.

[0074] 7. Auxiliary heating of the electric heating tube in the water and fertilizer storage tank: Controlled by the temperature inside the tank, the default temperature inside the barrel is 20 degrees Celsius, with a lower temperature difference of 3 degrees Celsius. Both the temperature difference (adjustable within the range of 2 - 10 degrees Celsius) and the temperature (adjustable within the range of 15 - 35 degrees Celsius) parameters can be set. This function can be turned off or on through internal settings on the panel.

[0075] 8. An oxygen generator is also provided. The oxygen generator is connected to the water storage chamber 321 through a pipeline. The default oxygen concentration is 8 mg / L. The start and stop of this unit are controlled according to the set oxygen concentration parameter (adjustable within the range of 5 - 20 mg / L) in the spray chamber. This function needs to formulate a periodic operation table similar to the spray interval and running time and operate according to the corresponding cycle. 12 hours is a setting cycle.

[0076] 9. The default carbon dioxide concentration in the water storage chamber 321 is 1200 ppm, which can be adjusted according to the set carbon dioxide concentration (adjustable within the range of 1000 - 2000 ppm). This function needs to formulate a periodic operation plan similar to the spray interval and running time and operate according to the corresponding cycle. 12 hours is a setting cycle.

[0077] 10. Plant lights: The default illuminance is 1200 LX, which can be adjusted according to the set illuminance (adjustable within the range of 1000 - 2000 LX). This function can be turned off or on through internal settings on the panel. This function needs to formulate a periodic operation plan similar to the spray interval and running time and operate according to the corresponding cycle. 12 hours is a setting cycle. Setting it to 0 means turning it off.

[0078] 11. Temperature control in the warehouse: The default indoor temperature is 25°C, which can be adjusted according to the set temperature (adjustable from 10 - 45°C). This function needs to be scheduled for periodic operation in the same way as the spray interval and running time, and operate according to the corresponding cycle. One setting cycle is 12 hours.

[0079] The above parameters and control methods can be used as a reference. The operating parameters of other devices can be flexibly configured according to actual needs or situations, without any restrictions.

[0080] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be regarded as a limitation of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can still be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional vertical planting system, characterized in that: It includes a planting bin, a hydroponic planting device, a lifting mechanism and a first transverse conveying device, wherein the planting bin is provided with a plurality of planting layers, the planting layers are provided with a plurality of planting positions, and the planting positions are provided with a movable hydroponic planting device; Each planting layer is provided with a first lateral conveying device for driving the hydroponic planting device to move laterally, and at least one side of the planting bin is provided with a lifting mechanism, and the lifting range of the lifting mechanism covers each planting layer to lift and convey the hydroponic planting device; The planting bin is provided with a picking area, which is located at the bottom of the planting bin and connected to the lifting mechanism; The hydroponic planting device comprises a hydroponic planting tray with a water storage cavity. The hydroponic planting tray is provided with a plurality of planting components forming planting grooves. The planting components extend into the water storage cavity and are connected with the water storage cavity through water holes on the planting components.

2. A three-dimensional vertical planting system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hydroponic planting device also includes a mobile frame, the hydroponic planting tray is arranged on the mobile frame, and a limiter is arranged on the mobile frame, the limiter includes a locking tongue that can be movably switched between a locking position and an unlocking position, and when the locking tongue is in the locking position, it forms a limiting relationship with the first transverse conveying device in the transverse direction so that the hydroponic planting device is driven by the first transverse conveying device for conveyance.

3. A three-dimensional vertical planting system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The planting layer is provided with a guide rail parallel to the conveying direction of the first transverse conveying device, and the movable frame is provided with rollers matched with the guide rail.

4. A three-dimensional vertical planting system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The hydroponic planting tray comprises a water tray and a planting plate arranged on the water tray, the water storage cavity is formed between the planting plate and the water tray, and a plurality of placement holes are formed on the planting plate; The planting component comprises a planting cup provided with a water hole, and the planting cup is placed in the placement hole.

5. The three-dimensional vertical planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydroponic planting tray is provided with a water inlet and a drain outlet, a water and fertilizer injection valve connected to a water and fertilizer delivery pipeline is provided above the water inlet, a solenoid valve is provided at the drain outlet, a water level detection device and a spray device are provided in the water storage chamber, and the water and fertilizer injection valve, the solenoid valve, the spray device and the water level detection device are connected to a controller.

6. The three-dimensional vertical planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a longitudinal lifting channel, a loading component and a lifting drive device. The longitudinal lifting channel is provided with a loading component for loading the hydroponic planting device, and the lifting drive device drives the loading component to move up and down in the longitudinal lifting channel.

7. The three-dimensional vertical planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lifting structures are respectively provided on both sides of the planting bin, and a picking area and a planting area are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the planting bin, and a second transverse conveying device is also provided between the picking area and the planting area. The first transverse conveying device, the lifting mechanism on one side, the second transverse conveying device and the lifting mechanism on the other side are connected to form a circular conveying path.

8. A three-dimensional vertical planting system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The three-dimensional vertical planting system also includes a water and fertilizer storage device for providing water and fertilizer to the hydroponic planting tray. The water and fertilizer storage device is provided with a water and fertilizer information detection module. An air conditioning module is provided in the planting bin. A root environment detection module is provided in the water storage chamber. The root environment detection module, the water and fertilizer information detection module, the water and fertilizer information detection module, the air conditioning module and the control valve are connected to the control module. The air conditioning module is connected to the control module.

9. A three-dimensional vertical planting system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The water and fertilizer information detection module includes a first water level meter and a water quality sensor, and the first water level meter and the water quality sensor are connected to the control module at the same time; And / or, the air conditioning module includes a fan, a light intensity detection device, a second oxygen concentration detector and a second carbon dioxide concentration detector; the fan, the light intensity detection device, the second oxygen concentration detector and the second carbon dioxide concentration detector are connected to the control module at the same time.

10. The three-dimensional vertical planting system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The root environment detection module includes a first temperature and humidity detector and a first oxygen concentration detector, and the first temperature and humidity detector, the first oxygen concentration detector and the first carbon dioxide concentration detector are connected to the control module at the same time.

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