Dust-containing gas fine particle coalescence assisting device based on Tesla valve principle

Abstract

A fine particle agglomeration assisting device for dusty gas based on the Tesla valve principle, belonging to the technical field of particulate matter treatment. The purpose of the present invention is to agglomerate extremely tiny particulate matters (PM2.5 and below) into larger particles according to the principle of the Tesla valve, so as to facilitate the removal by ordinary equipment. The fine particle agglomeration assisting device for dusty gas based on the Tesla valve principle of the present invention includes a Tesla valve, mounting buckles, an annular air guiding and fixing bracket, and an air intake adjusting mechanism. The present invention applies the principle of the Tesla valve to design a set of mechanical equipment. By passing the flue gas (waste gas) through this equipment, the extremely tiny particulate matters (PM2.5 and below) can be effectively agglomerated, that is, these tiny particles are converged into larger particles (such as PM10 or above). In this way, the existing conventional equipment can be used to easily remove them, which not only greatly reduces the cost, but also is easy to maintain, and does not require very professional personnel to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of particulate matter treatment. Background Art

[0002] PM2.5 refers to fine particulate matter with a diameter of ≤2.5 micrometers (μm), which is approximately 1 / 30 of the width of human hair. These particles are small enough to penetrate deep into the lungs and bloodstream, posing a significant risk to health. Their sources are numerous, and the exhaust gases generated by coal-fired power plants, industrial production processes, biomass combustion, etc. are one of the major factors polluting the environment. It has a huge impact on the environment and human health, and thus corresponding standards have been specified globally.

[0003] According to existing standards, each factory has accordingly carried out industrial upgrades, that is, a large number of dust removal technologies have been adopted, such as electrostatic dust removal, bag dust removal, non-woven fabric dust removal, cross-channel dust removal, adsorption dust removal, and many other dust removal methods or devices. However, through the collection of most materials, it can be seen that most of them can only remove particulate matter around PM10, and the extremely fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and particulate matter below in the dust are basically not effectively removed and are discharged into the atmosphere.

[0004] In order to remove extremely fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and particulate matter below, the currently more mainstream method is to use a negative ion generator (such as Chinese Patent CN201420645124.0). However, in actual applications, it not only has extremely high costs, but also requires strict professionals for use and maintenance. Therefore, it has not been popularized in the actual market. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fine particulate matter agglomeration auxiliary device for dust-containing gas based on the principle of Tesla valve, which agglomerates extremely fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and particulate matter below into larger particles, so as to facilitate removal by ordinary equipment.

[0006] The present invention includes a Tesla valve, mounting buckles, and also includes an annular air guiding and fixing bracket and an air intake adjusting mechanism;

[0007] Annular air guiding and fixing bracket: A herringbone one-to-three channel is opened inside the annular air guiding and fixing bracket. Herringbone one-to-three ventilation holes are opened at both ends and in the middle corresponding to the herringbone one-to-three channel. The herringbone one-to-three ventilation holes are divided into ventilation outlets and ventilation inlets. The ventilation inlets are connected to the air outlets of the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves; A bearing fixing sleeve is installed on the annular air guiding and fixing bracket, and the air outlet end of the first row of reverse Tesla valves is installed on the bearing fixing sleeve through a bearing;

[0008] Intake air regulating mechanism: An air outlet channel is provided on the side wall of the fixed sleeve device. The intake ends of the first row of reverse Tesla valves and the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves are butt - mounted on the air outlet channel. The bottom surface of the fixed sleeve device is butt - mounted with the mounting platform of the middle ring hole of the speed - increasing and flow - guiding bell - shaped cover. There is an annular support platform on the inner ring of the mounting platform. Inside the fixed sleeve device, there is a cylindrical control valve. The bottom of the cylindrical control valve rests on the annular support platform. At the upper end of the side wall of the cylindrical control valve, there are air - guiding round holes corresponding to the air outlet channel at the upper end of the side wall of the fixed sleeve device. In the middle and lower parts of the side wall of the cylindrical control valve, there are air - guiding long slots corresponding to the air outlet channels in the middle and lower parts of the side wall of the fixed sleeve device. At the top of the cylindrical control valve, there is a tooth - shaped groove. The teeth of the gear are fitted into the tooth - shaped groove, and the gear seals the top of the cylindrical control valve at the upper end. The gear shaft hole in the middle of the gear is equipped with a control valve rotating shaft. The control valve rotating shaft passes through the perforation at the top of the fixed sleeve device and is equipped with a control valve rotation control device at the top. On the pipe side wall of the first row of reverse Tesla valves, there are fins.

[0009] The present invention applies the principle of the Tesla valve to design a set of mechanical equipment. By passing flue gas (waste gas) through this equipment, extremely tiny particulate matters (PM2.5) and particulate matters below it can be effectively agglomerated, that is, these tiny particles are converged into larger particles (such as PM10 or above). In this way, existing conventional equipment can be used to easily remove them. This not only greatly reduces the cost but also is easy to maintain, and does not require very professional personnel to operate. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0010] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the annular air - guiding fixed bracket of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3 is the side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed sleeve device and the speed - increasing and flow - guiding bell - shaped cover of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 5 is the cross - sectional view of the structure of the fixed sleeve device and the speed - increasing and flow - guiding bell - shaped cover of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the cylindrical control valve of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the gear of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the fixed sleeve device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the speed-increasing and flow-guiding horn cover of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the first row of reverse Tesla valves of the present invention equipped with fins;

[0020] Figure 11 It is a right view of the first row of reverse Tesla valves of the present invention equipped with fins

[0021] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the application environment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure and flow direction of the Tesla valve, where a is forward flow and b is reverse flow. Specific implementation manners

[0023] The present invention includes a Tesla valve and a mounting buckle 4. The Tesla Valve is shown in Figure 13 , and it is a fluid-dynamics-based non-moving-part one-way valve. Its design allows fluid to flow with low resistance in one direction and generates high resistance in the opposite direction to prevent backflow. When flowing forward, the fluid smoothly passes along the designed path with less kinetic energy loss and lower pressure drop (see a in Figure 13 ). When flowing backward, the fluid generates eddies and turbulences due to the sudden change of the path, resulting in significant pressure drop and energy dissipation, effectively preventing backflow (see b in Figure 13 ). The present invention applies the forward and reverse principles of the Tesla valve and uses three rows to flow the flue gas. When the flue gas passes through the top row (the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3), it flows in the reverse direction, and when the flue gas passes through the second and third rows (the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves 2), it flows in the forward direction. The mounting buckle 4 is an auxiliary device that facilitates the installation of the device of the present invention in the flue gas pipeline. See Figure 12 , where B in the figure is the device of the present invention, which is installed in the flue gas discharge channel D. After the extremely fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and below is effectively agglomerated into fine particles (PM10 or above) through collision when passing through the device of the present invention, it enters a conventional ordinary dust removal device C for dust removal. The ordinary dust removal device C can be a bag filter, non-woven fabric dust removal, cross-channel dust removal, adsorption dust removal, etc.

[0024] The present invention mainly designs two parts: an annular air-guiding fixed bracket 1 and an air intake adjusting mechanism. As can be seen from Figure 1 , the annular air-guiding fixed bracket 1 and the air intake adjusting mechanism of the present invention are connected by three rows (the present invention takes three rows as an example for illustration. In actual applications, the number of rows or columns can be increased as needed, and the corresponding other structures should be increased) of Tesla valves.

[0025] Annular air guide fixing bracket 1: An inverted V-shaped one-into-three channel 8 is opened inside the annular air guide fixing bracket 1. Inverted V-shaped one-into-three ventilation holes are opened corresponding to both ends and the middle of the inverted V-shaped one-into-three channel 8. The inverted V-shaped one-into-three ventilation holes are divided into a ventilation outlet 7 and a ventilation inlet 9. The ventilation inlet 9 is connected to the air outlet of the second and third row of forward Tesla valves 2.

[0026] See Figure 2 , which is a schematic diagram of the single structure of the annular air guide fixing bracket 1. This part is mainly the connection part between the air outlet end of the second and third row of forward Tesla valves 2 and the annular air guide fixing bracket 1. An inverted V-shaped channel (inverted V-shaped one-into-three channel 8) is opened inside the inner wall of the annular air guide fixing bracket 1. Three holes are set in the channel, namely the ventilation inlet 9 at the apex of the inverted V shape and two air outlets (ventilation outlets 7) at the bottoms of both ends of the inverted V shape. From Figure 2 it can be seen that each inverted V-shaped one-into-three channel corresponds to a forward Tesla valve. That is to say, the air outlet end of the Tesla valve (the second and third row of forward Tesla valves 2) is butted on the ventilation inlet 9. During actual processing, for convenience, sometimes the ventilation inlet 9 is directly drilled through, that is, the annular air guide fixing bracket 1 directly penetrates a ventilation inlet 9. However, during use, the inner hole of the ventilation inlet 9 is butted against the forward Tesla valve, and the outer hole opening needs to be blocked to prevent the flue gas from directly blowing out from the outside of the ventilation inlet 9 without passing through the inverted V-shaped one-into-three channel 8. In this way, the flue gas can only enter from the ventilation inlet 9, and then be split through the inverted V-shaped one-into-three channel 8 and discharged from the ventilation outlet 7. The ventilation outlet 7 can be a through hole with air discharged from both inside and outside, or one side can be blocked and the other side can discharge air. Sometimes when the internal pressure is too high, the outer opening of the ventilation inlet 9 can also be opened, so that the flue gas will be discharged from both the outer port of the ventilation inlet 9 and the ventilation outlet 7 at the same time.

[0027] A bearing fixing sleeve 6 is installed on the annular air guide fixing bracket 1 of the present invention. The air outlet end of the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 is installed on the bearing fixing sleeve 6 through a bearing.

[0028] This part is the connection method between the air outlet end of the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 and the annular air guide fixing bracket 1. The first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 and the bearing fixing sleeve 6 are installed through a bearing. In this way, the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 rotates relative to the annular air guide fixing bracket 1.

[0029] The intake air regulating mechanism of the present invention: An air outlet channel 11 is formed on the side wall of the fixed sleeve device 5, and the intake port ends of the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 and the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves 2 are butt - mounted on the air outlet channel 11; The bottom surface of the fixed sleeve device 5 is butt - mounted with the mounting platform 24 of the middle ring hole of the speed - increasing and flow - guiding horn cover 10. There is an annular support platform 23 on the inner ring of the mounting platform 24; Inside the fixed sleeve device 5, there is a cylindrical control valve 15. The bottom of the cylindrical control valve 15 is placed on the annular support platform 23. An air - guiding round hole 17 corresponding to the air outlet channel 11 at the upper end of the side wall of the fixed sleeve device 5 is formed at the upper end of the side wall of the cylindrical control valve 15. Air - guiding long slots 16 corresponding to the air outlet channels 11 in the middle and at the bottom of the side wall of the fixed sleeve device 5 are formed in the middle and at the bottom of the side wall of the cylindrical control valve 15. A tooth - shaped groove 18 is formed at the top of the cylindrical control valve 15. The teeth 19 of the gear 14 are fitted and installed in the tooth - shaped groove 18, and the gear 14 seals the top of the cylindrical control valve 15 at the upper end. A control valve rotating shaft 13 is installed in the gear shaft hole 20 in the middle of the gear 14. The control valve rotating shaft 13 passes through the through - hole 21 at the top of the fixed sleeve device 5 and a control valve rotation control device 12 is installed at the top end; A fin 22 is installed on the pipe side wall of the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3.

[0030] See Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 , Three rows of holes (air outlet channels 11) are formed in the fixed sleeve device 5. The top - most row of holes corresponds to the intake port end of the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 and is installed through a bearing. Even without a bearing, it is okay as long as it can ensure that the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 can rotate and remain sealed. The second and third rows of holes correspond to the intake port ends of the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves 2 inserted. In this way, the gas inside the fixed sleeve device 5 can only enter the Tesla valves.

[0031] See Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Three rows of holes of two forms are formed in the cylindrical control valve 15. These three rows of holes respectively correspond to the three rows of holes on the fixed sleeve device 5. But see Figure 6 , The three rows of holes on the cylindrical control valve 15 are respectively the first row of round holes (air - guiding round holes 17), and the second and third rows are oval holes (air - guiding long slots 16). The top - most first row of round holes corresponds to the first row of air outlet channels 11 on the fixed sleeve device 5, and the second and third rows of oval holes correspond to the second and third rows of air outlet channels 11 on the fixed sleeve device 5. Through this form of design, when the cylindrical control valve 15 is rotated and turned by a certain angle, the air - guiding round hole 17 will be misaligned with the first row of air outlet channels 11 and will not communicate, but for small - angle fluctuations, the air - guiding long slots 16 always remain in communication with the second and third rows of air outlet channels 11.

[0032] The toothed grooves on the cylindrical control valve 15 and the matching structure of the gear 14 are designed to facilitate the design of a mechanism for rotating the cylindrical control valve 15. The control valve rotation control device 12 is an external toggle device that can be rotated by a motor, manually, or other means. This toggle does not require a large angle, as long as it can offset the air guide holes 17 from the first exhaust air channel 11. However, the air guide slots 16 in the second and third rows must always remain unobstructed from the second and third rows of exhaust air channels 11. When the control valve rotation control device 12 rotates, the energy is transmitted through the control valve shaft 13 to the gear 14, which drives the meshed cylindrical control valve 15 to rotate synchronously.

[0033] See Figure 9 The speed increasing and deflecting horn cover 10 is a horn-shaped cover body. The horn mouth of the speed increasing and deflecting horn cover 10 faces downward in the direction of the smoke and inhales the smoke. The speed increasing and deflecting horn cover 10 is fixed and sealed on the bottom of the fixed sleeve device 5 through the mounting platform 24. There is an annular support platform 23 coaxial with the inner circle of the mounting platform 24, which is used to support the bottom of the cylindrical control valve 15 inside the fixed sleeve device 5 from below to prevent the cylindrical control valve 15 from falling, while ensuring that the speed increasing and deflecting port 25 in the center of the annular support platform 23 is connected to the inside of the cylindrical control valve 15.

[0034] See Figure 10 and Figure 11 The first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 is equipped with fins 22. The fins 22 are similar to fan fins and can rotate when blown by wind. Figure 1 It can be seen that each Tesla valve in the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 and the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves 2 are installed in a staggered manner. Therefore, when the flue gas that has not been absorbed by the speed-increasing guide horn cover 10 enters from between the outer support of the speed-increasing guide horn cover 10 and the inner wall of the annular air guide fixed bracket 1, it will be affected by the rising force of the rising flue gas and push the wing 22, thereby causing the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 to rotate.

[0035] See Figure 12 The aggregating device of the present invention is installed on the inner wall of the smoke exhaust channel of the smoke exhaust equipment through the installation buckle 4. After laboratory simulation experiments, the device of the present invention can aggregating most of the extremely small particles (PM2.5) and particles below in the smoke.

[0036] The present invention is placed at the outlet of the chimney. Since the flue gas enters the speed-increasing and flow-guiding bell-shaped cover 10 from below, and this structure is a bell shape with a large inlet and a small outlet, it will provide a speed-increasing effect for the flue gas entering from below, thereby improving the intake efficiency. Since the diffusion speed of the flue gas in the vertical direction is much greater than that in the horizontal direction during the diffusion process, the gas in the middle part of the flue gas will have a faster flow rate, so there will be no gas blockage when entering the speed-increasing and flow-guiding bell-shaped cover 10. When the flue gas enters the intake fixed sleeve device 5, the flue gas passes through the reverse Tesla valve 3 in one layer. Due to the generation of eddy currents and turbulence by the fluid due to the sudden change of the path during reverse flow, significant pressure drop and energy dissipation are caused, effectively preventing backflow, and enabling the particulate reverse Tesla valve 3 to effectively coalesce to form large particles and be discharged. The flue gas entering the forward Tesla valve 2 is directly discharged into the annular air guide fixed bracket 1 and is divided into three paths through the herringbone one-to-three channel 8 from the ventilation inlet 9 and discharged from the ventilation outlet 7. When the reverse Tesla valve 3 cannot work due to particle accumulation inside, the control valve rotation control device 12 can be used to turn the rotary cylindrical control valve 15 by a certain angle under the drive of the gear 14. Since the first row of round holes on the side wall of the rotary cylindrical control valve 15 is the topmost row and the second and third rows are oval holes, when turned by a certain angle, the air guide round hole 17 will be misaligned with the first exhaust gas channel 11 and will not communicate, but for small-angle fluctuations, the air guide long slot hole 16 always remains in communication with the exhaust gas channels 11 of the second and third rows. Since there is a fin 22 structure on the reverse Tesla valve 3, it can drive itself to rotate when the flue gas blows upward. And the reverse Tesla valve 3 in one layer is installed at a certain angle. In this way, it can be ensured that under the condition that the forward Tesla valves 2 in the second and third layers work normally, the reverse Tesla valve 3 in one layer rotates by itself driven by the flue gas to discharge the particles accumulated inside and complete the cleaning.

[0037] Since each exhaust gas channel in the second and third layers of the fixed sleeve device 5 corresponds to a forward Tesla valve 2, according to the working principle of speed increase and decrease of the Tesla valve, under the action of the annular air guide fixed bracket 1, each valve hole is discharged to the outside of the device through the small holes on the outer wall in three paths. Since each valve hole in each layer is divided into three paths, nine air holes can be generated in each layer, so that an air curtain can be generated by the intake fixing device. Two layers of air curtains can be generated at the outer ring of the annular air guide fixed bracket 1, so the circumferential air curtain closing effect can be achieved through the Tesla valve device.

[0038] The included angle between each adjacent Tesla valve device is 60 degrees and is embedded in the intake fixing device, and the distances between layers are distributed in a geometric progression. When looking down from top to bottom, the overall structure presents a snowflake shape. The snowflake-shaped structure is stable and can resist high-speed flue gas. Since the flue gas flows out from bottom to top, the flue gas can achieve a bypass flow, which is conducive to the agglomeration and removal of fine particles. At the same time, under the action of four locking bolts, a gap is formed between the device and the inner wall of the chimney. When the flue gas flows through this place and outwards, after being affected by the annular air guide fixing bracket 1, a better fine particle removal effect can be achieved after the flue gas collides with the laterally ejected air curtain.

[0039] Figure 13 In the Tesla valve structure, the forward flow of the fluid (from E to F, Figure 13 as shown in a)) and the reverse flow (from F to E, Figure 13 as shown in b)) are very different. When the fluid flows forward, the fluid can bypass all the wing-shaped obstacles and then flow unobstructed from the right to the left, and it can obtain an acceleration effect due to the flow pressure; when the fluid flows in the reverse direction, every time the fluid passes through 1 channel, it enters 1 wing-shaped obstacle upward / downward. The backflow will cause a blocking effect on the flow and increase the pressure head, hindering the overall forward flow of the fluid. Moreover, the more wing-shaped obstacles there are, the greater the resistance to the forward movement of the fluid, resulting in the unique one-way conduction effect of the Tesla valve.

Claims

1. A fine particle coalescence assisting device for dusty gas based on the Tesla valve principle, comprising a Tesla valve and a mounting buckle (4), characterized in that: It also includes an annular air guiding and fixing bracket (1) and an air intake regulating mechanism; Annular air guiding and fixing bracket (1): A herringbone one-into-three channel (8) is formed inside the annular air guiding and fixing bracket (1). Herringbone one-into-three ventilation holes are formed at both ends and in the middle corresponding to the herringbone one-into-three channel (8). The herringbone one-into-three ventilation holes are divided into a ventilation outlet (7) and a ventilation inlet (9). The ventilation inlet (9) is connected to the air outlet of the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves (2); A bearing fixing sleeve (6) is installed on the annular air guiding and fixing bracket (1). The air outlet end of the first row of reverse Tesla valves (3) is installed on the bearing fixing sleeve (6) through a bearing; Air intake regulating mechanism: An air outlet channel (11) is formed on the side wall of the fixed sleeve device (5). The air inlet ends of the first row of reverse Tesla valves (3) and the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves (2) are butt-jointed and installed on the air outlet channel (11); The bottom surface of the fixed sleeve device (5) is butt-jointed and installed with the mounting table (24) of the middle ring hole of the speed increasing and flow guiding horn cover (10). There is an annular supporting table (23) on the inner ring of the mounting table (24); There is a cylindrical control valve (15) inside the fixed sleeve device (5). The bottom of the cylindrical control valve (15) is placed on the annular supporting table (23). A gas guiding round hole (17) corresponding to the air outlet channel (11) at the upper end of the side wall of the fixed sleeve device (5) is formed at the upper end of the side wall of the cylindrical control valve (15). A gas guiding long slot (16) corresponding to the air outlet channel (11) in the middle and at the lower part of the side wall of the fixed sleeve device (5) is formed in the middle and at the lower part of the side wall of the cylindrical control valve (15). A tooth groove (18) is formed at the top end of the cylindrical control valve (15). The teeth (19) of the gear (14) are fitted and installed in the tooth groove (18), and the gear (imported from the United States) seals the top end of the cylindrical control valve (15) at the upper end. A control valve rotating shaft (13) is installed in the gear shaft hole (20) in the middle of the gear (14). The control valve rotating shaft (13) passes through the perforation (21) at the top of the fixed sleeve device (5), and a control valve rotation control device (12) is installed at the top end of the control valve rotating shaft (13); A fin (22) is installed on the pipe side wall of the first row of reverse Tesla valves (3).

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