Automatic punching and drilling device for mechanical design and manufacturing
By designing a drilling mechanism including cylinder, down plate, rotor, drill bit and spring rod, combined with the angle rotation and translation mechanism driven by micro motor, the problems of pipe fitting rotation deviation and deformation during the drilling process of existing automated drilling devices are solved, and higher drilling accuracy and convenient multi-drilling operation are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510316172.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The existing automated punching and drilling devices can easily cause the rotational deviation and deformation of the pipe fittings when drilling the hollow circular tube, reducing the accuracy and stability of the punching and drilling, and require manual displacement or rotation to perform multiple punching and drilling, which is cumbersome and inconvenient.
An automated drilling device including a workbench, a control panel, a drilling mechanism and a placement mechanism is designed. The drilling mechanism consists of a cylinder, a down pressure plate, a rotor, a drill bit, a spring rod and a buffer plate. The cylinder pushes the lower pressure plate to drive the rotor and a drill bit down, and uses the lower support plate and the connecting support plate for support and sliding. Combined with the elastic force of the spring rod, the lifting and lowering buffer of the drill bit and the stable support of the hollow circular tube are achieved. At the same time, the drive wheel is driven by the transmission of the micro motor drive belt, which realizes the angular rotation and translation of the hollow circular tube, which facilitates drilling in multiple places.
It improves the accuracy and stability of hollow circular tube punching holes, avoids the angular rotation and deformation of pipe fittings during the punching and drilling process, and simplifies the operation of drilling holes in multiple places on the same hollow circular tube, making the process more convenient and efficient.
Smart Images
Figure CN120055129A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical design and manufacturing, and more specifically, to an automated punching and drilling device for mechanical design and manufacturing. Background Art
[0002] Mechanical design, manufacturing and automation is a comprehensive discipline involving multiple fields such as mechanics, electronic engineering, and computer science; its core goal is to automate and optimize the mechanical manufacturing process, thereby improving production efficiency, reducing costs, improving the working environment, and promoting the sustainable development of the entire manufacturing industry. During the mechanical design and manufacturing process, an automated punching and drilling device is often required to perform punching and drilling operations on a hollow round tube; However, the existing automated punching and drilling device has the following deficiencies when performing punching and drilling operations on a hollow round tube: The hollow round tube is in a hollow state, and the punching force generated by the punching drill on the punching and drilling device pressing down on the hollow round tube easily causes the hollow round tube to rotate and shift, and causes the hollow round tube to deform, reducing the accuracy and stability of punching and drilling the hollow round tube. Moreover, multiple punching and drilling operations need to be performed on the same hollow round tube, and manual displacement or rotation of the hollow round tube is required to perform multiple punching and drilling operations, which is rather cumbersome and inconvenient. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the technical purpose is: An automated punching and drilling device for mechanical design and manufacturing, whose structure includes a workbench, a control panel, a punching and drilling mechanism, and a placement mechanism. The front end face of the workbench is embedded with a control panel, and the control panel controls the operation of the punching and drilling mechanism and the placement mechanism. The punching and drilling mechanism is arranged on the upper end of the workbench, and the punching and drilling mechanism is located directly above the placement mechanism. The placement mechanism is arranged on the middle tabletop of the workbench. The punching and drilling mechanism is provided with a cylinder, a lower pressing plate, a rotator, a punching drill, a spring rod, and a buffer plate. The cylinder is fixedly installed at the middle end of the top of the workbench, and the output end of the cylinder pushes the lower pressing plate to move up and down. A rotator is installed at the middle end of the bottom of the lower pressing plate, and the lower end of the rotator is connected to a punching drill, and the punching drill performs punching and drilling operations on the hollow round tube arranged on the placement mechanism. There are four spring rods, and they are distributed in four directions between the buffer plate and the lower pressing plate. The spring rods apply elastic force to buffer the up and down movement of the punching drill penetrating through the buffer plate; A linkage support plate is further arranged at the bottom of the buffer plate. The lower end of the linkage support plate is provided with a lower abutting plate and is axially connected. The lower abutting plate is in an arc structure, and universal balls are arranged on the inner side of the lower abutting plate to abut against the hollow round tube. There are two linkage support plates and two lower abutting plates, and they are distributed on the left and right sides of the punching drill. When the lower pressing plate drives the punching drill to continuously descend, the lower abutting plate abuts against the upper surface of the hollow round tube, and the linkage support plate performs inclined linkage support, and the universal balls on the inner side of the lower abutting plate assist in sliding on the upper surface of the hollow round tube.
[0004] As a further improvement of the present invention, a telescopic hose is also provided at the middle end of the bottom of the buffer plate, the telescopic hose is sleeved on the outside of the drill bit, and the upper end of the telescopic hose is connected to an air guide hose, and the upper end of the air guide hose is through-connected to a dust box arranged on the top of the workbench. The telescopic hose has a pleated structure, and two air guide hoses are provided, and the two air guide hoses are connected at the top of the telescopic hose and the two sides of the top of the dust box.
[0005] As a further improvement of the present invention, a suction fan is provided inside the dust box, and the suction fan is located below the filter bag arranged inside the dust box, a ring is provided at the upper end of the filter bag to prop up the upper end of the filter bag, and a buckle is also provided on the ring to snap together and fix with a positioning block arranged inside the dust box, and there are four buckles and four positioning blocks, which are distributed at four positions of the ring and the inside of the dust box.
[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the placement mechanism is composed of a rotating mechanism, a support seat and a translation mechanism. The rotating mechanism is arranged in the middle of the workbench surface, and the rotating mechanism and the support seats on both sides provide laterally support for the hollow circular tube as a whole. The translation mechanism is arranged on the rear end face above the workbench surface, and the translation mechanism is located at the rear side of the rotating mechanism and the support seat and is against the rear surface of the hollow circular tube.
[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the rotating mechanism is composed of a base, a micro motor, a belt, a driving wheel and a support plate. The base is arranged in the middle of the workbench surface, and a micro motor is arranged inside the base. The output end of the micro motor drives the belt transmission to drive the driving wheel to rotate on the inner edge of the support plate. The support plate supports the hollow circular tube and drives the hollow circular tube to rotate at an angle through the driving wheel. The support plate has an arc structure, and there are three driving wheels distributed on the left, right and middle positions of the inner side of the support plate. The three driving wheels rotate synchronously through belts.
[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the translation mechanism is composed of a spring tube sleeve, an extrusion plate, a hinged plate, a sliding wheel and an electric rotating shaft. The rear end of the spring tube sleeve is fixedly mounted on the rear end surface above the workbench surface, and the extrusion plate is elastically extruded inside the spring tube sleeve. The extrusion plate is arranged at the rear end of the hinged plate, and a sliding wheel is installed at the front end of the hinged plate. The electric rotating shaft is arranged above the front end of the hinged plate, and the electric rotating shaft drives the sliding wheel to rotate. The spring tube sleeve, the extrusion plate and the hinged plate are on the same horizontal line, and the front and rear distance of the sliding wheel is elastically adjusted.
[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The air cylinder pushes the lower pressing plate to drive the rotator and the punching drill bit to descend. While descending, the rotator drives the punching drill bit to rotate. When the punching drill bit drills a hole in the hollow round tube, the lower pressing plate abuts against the upper surface of the hollow round tube, and the linkage support plate is tilted for linkage support. The lower pressing plates on both sides expand outwards to firmly abut against the upper surface of the hollow round tube, and the spring rod applies elastic force to buffer the lifting of the punching drill bit, preventing the hollow round tube from rotating at an angle when the punching drill bit drills a hole in the hollow round tube, and improving the accuracy of drilling the hollow round tube. 2. When the punching drill bit drills a hole in the hollow round tube, the lower end of the telescopic hose abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the position where the hollow round tube is drilled. Through the operation of the suction fan inside the upper dust suction box to generate negative pressure, under the penetration of the air guide hose, the smoke particles and debris generated during the drilling process of the hollow round tube are collected, preventing a large amount of flue gas and debris from splashing during the drilling process of the hollow round tube and causing harm to the surrounding workers. 3. By starting the micro motor to rotate, under the transmission of the belt, the driving wheel rotates to drive the hollow round tube to rotate at an angle inside the inner side of the support plate, enabling multiple drilling operations on the same circular cross-section of the hollow round tube. And when the hollow round tube is placed on the support seat and the support plate, the sliding wheel abuts against the rear surface of the hollow round tube, and through the drive of the electric rotating shaft, the sliding wheel rotates to drive the hollow round tube to translate on the same horizontal plane, facilitating multiple drilling operations on the same axial position of the hollow round tube, and more conveniently performing multiple drilling operations on the same hollow round tube. Description of the Drawings
[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic drilling device for mechanical design and manufacturing of the present invention.
[0011] Figure 2 It is a front view structural diagram of the drilling device of the present invention.
[0012] Figure 3 It is a side view structural diagram of the drilling mechanism of the present invention.
[0013] Figure 4 It is a front view structural diagram of the drilling mechanism and the placement mechanism of the present invention.
[0014] Figure 5 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the dust suction box of the present invention.
[0015] Figure 6 It is a schematic working state structure diagram of the placement mechanism of the present invention.
[0016] Figure 7 It is a side view internal structure diagram of the rotating mechanism of the present invention.
[0017] Figure 8Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the translation mechanism of the present invention, viewed from the side.
[0018] In the figure: workbench - 1, control panel - 2, punching and drilling mechanism - 3, placement mechanism - 4, cylinder - 31, lower pressing plate - 32, rotator - 33, punching bit - 34, spring rod - 35, buffer plate - 36, linkage support plate - 361, lower abutment plate - 362, universal ball - 363, telescopic hose - 37, air guide hose - 371, dust suction box - 372, suction fan - 3721, filter bag - 3722, ring opening - 3723, buckle - 3724, positioning block - 3725, rotating mechanism - 41, support base - 42, translation mechanism - 43, base - 411, micro motor - 412, belt - 413, driving wheel - 414, support plate - 415, spring tube sleeve - 431, extrusion plate - 432, hinged plate - 433, sliding wheel - 434, electric rotating shaft - 435, hollow circular tube - G. Detailed implementation mode
[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Embodiment
[0020] As shown in the attached Figure 1 to the attached Figure 5 figure: An automated punching and drilling device for mechanical design and manufacturing according to the present invention has a structure including a workbench 1, a control panel 2, a punching and drilling mechanism 3, and a placement mechanism 4. The control panel 2 is embedded in the front end face of the workbench 1, and the control panel 2 controls the operation of the punching and drilling mechanism 3 and the placement mechanism 4. The punching and drilling mechanism 3 is arranged above the workbench 1, and the punching and drilling mechanism 3 is located directly above the placement mechanism 4. The placement mechanism 4 is arranged on the middle tabletop of the workbench 1. The punching and drilling mechanism 3 is provided with a cylinder 31, a lower pressing plate 32, a rotator 33, a punching drill bit 34, a spring rod 35, and a buffer plate 36. The cylinder 31 is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the workbench 1, and the output end of the cylinder 31 pushes the lower pressing plate 32 to move up and down. A rotator 33 is installed at the middle end of the bottom of the lower pressing plate 32, and the lower end of the rotator 33 is connected to a punching drill bit 34. The punching drill bit 34 performs punching and drilling operations on a hollow round tube G arranged on the placement mechanism 4. Four spring rods 35 are provided and are distributed in four directions between the buffer plate 36 and the lower pressing plate 32. The spring rods 35 apply elastic force to perform lifting and buffering on the punching drill bit 34 penetrating through the buffer plate 36. A linkage support plate 361 is further provided at the bottom of the buffer plate 36, and a lower abutting plate 362 is provided at the lower end of the linkage support plate 361 and is axially connected. The lower abutting plate 362 has an arc-shaped structure, and universal balls 363 are provided on the inner side of the lower abutting plate 362 to abut against the hollow round tube G. A telescopic hose 37 is further provided at the middle end of the bottom of the buffer plate 36. The telescopic hose 37 is sleeved on the outside of the punching drill bit 34, and the upper end of the telescopic hose 37 is connected to a gas guiding hose 371. The upper end of the gas guiding hose 371 is connected in a through manner to a dust suction box 372 arranged on the top of the workbench 1; As a further improvement of the present invention, a suction fan 3721 is provided inside the dust suction box 372, and the suction fan 3721 is located below a filter bag 3722 arranged inside the dust suction box 372. A ring opening 3723 is provided at the upper end of the filter bag 3722 to expand the upper end of the filter bag 3722, and a buckle 3724 is further provided on the ring opening 3723 to be buckled and fixed with a positioning block 3725 arranged inside the dust suction box 372; In the present invention, the hollow circular tube G is horizontally placed on the placing mechanism 4. Then, the cylinder 31 is started to operate through the control panel 2. The cylinder 31 pushes the lower pressing plate 32 to drive the rotator 33 and the punching drill bit 34 to descend. While descending, the rotator 33 drives the punching drill bit 34 to rotate. When the punching drill bit 34 drills a hole in the hollow circular tube G, the lower abutting plate 362 abuts against the upper surface of the hollow circular tube G, and the linkage support plate 361 is inclined and linked for support. In combination, the universal ball 363 inside the lower abutting plate 362 slides on the upper surface of the hollow circular tube G for auxiliary sliding, so that the two lower abutting plates 362 expand outwards to both sides to firmly abut against the upper surface of the hollow circular tube G. And the spring rod 35 applies an elastic force to buffer the lifting and lowering of the punching drill bit 34, avoiding the angular rotation of the hollow circular tube G when the punching drill bit 34 drills a hole in the hollow circular tube G, improving the accuracy of drilling the hollow circular tube G. When the punching drill bit 34 drills a hole in the hollow circular tube G, the lower end of the telescopic hose 37 abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the hole drilling position of the hollow circular tube G. Through the operation of the suction fan 3721 inside the upper dust suction box 372 to generate negative pressure, under the penetration of the air guide hose 371, the smoke particles and debris generated during the hole drilling process of the hollow circular tube G are collected, avoiding the harm caused to the surrounding staff by the splashing of a large amount of flue gas and debris during the hole drilling process of the hollow circular tube G.
[0021] In a preferred technical solution, there are two linkage support plates 361 and lower abutting plates 362, and they are distributed on the left and right sides of the punching drill bit 34. When the lower pressing plate 32 drives the punching drill bit 34 to continuously descend, the lower abutting plate 362 abuts against the upper surface of the hollow circular tube G, and the linkage support plate 361 is inclined and linked for support. In combination, the universal ball 363 inside the lower abutting plate 362 slides on the upper surface of the hollow circular tube G for auxiliary sliding, so that the two lower abutting plates 362 expand outwards to both sides to firmly abut against the upper surface of the hollow circular tube G, avoiding the angular rotation of the hollow circular tube G during punching and improving the accuracy of drilling the hollow circular tube G; In a preferred technical solution, the telescopic hose 37 has a corrugated structure, and there are two air guide hoses 371. The two air guide hoses 371 are connected to the top of the telescopic hose 37 and both sides of the top of the dust suction box 372. Through the telescopic and folding performance of the telescopic hose 37, when the punching drill bit 34 descends to drill the hollow circular tube G, the lower end of the telescopic hose 37 can always abut against the outer periphery of the hole drilling position of the hollow circular tube G. In combination, the dust suction box 372 collects the smoke particles and debris generated during the hole drilling process of the hollow circular tube G; In a preferred technical solution, there are four snap fasteners 3724 and positioning blocks 3725, and they are distributed in four directions inside the annular opening 3723 and the dust suction box 372, which can snap and fix the filter bag 3722 at the upper end inside the dust suction box 372 and facilitate the removal of the filter bag 3722 from the inside of the dust suction box 372 to take out and process the collected smoke particles and debris. Example 2: On the basis of Example 1, as shown in the appended Figure 6 to the appended Figure 8 figures: The placement mechanism 4 is composed of a rotating mechanism 41, a support base 42, and a translation mechanism 43. The rotating mechanism 41 is arranged in the middle of the tabletop of the workbench 1, and the rotating mechanism 41 and the support bases 42 on both sides laterally support the entire hollow circular tube G. The translation mechanism 43 is arranged on the rear end face above the tabletop of the workbench 1, and the translation mechanism 43 is located behind the rotating mechanism 41 and the support base 42 and abuts against the rear surface of the hollow circular tube G. The rotating mechanism 41 is composed of a base 411, a micro motor 412, a belt 413, a driving wheel 414, and a support plate 415. The base 411 is arranged in the middle of the tabletop of the workbench 1, and a micro motor 412 is arranged inside the base 411. The output end of the micro motor 412 drives the belt 413 to transmit and drive the driving wheel 414 to rotate on the inner edge of the support plate 415. The support plate 415 supports the hollow circular tube G and drives the hollow circular tube G to rotate at an angle through the driving wheel 414. The translation mechanism 43 is composed of a spring tube sleeve 431, a pressing plate 432, a hinged plate 433, a sliding wheel 434, and an electric rotating shaft 435. The rear end of the spring tube sleeve 431 is fixedly installed on the rear end face above the tabletop of the workbench 1, and the pressing plate 432 is elastically pressed inside the spring tube sleeve 431. The pressing plate 432 is arranged at the rear end of the hinged plate 433, and a sliding wheel 434 is installed at the front end of the hinged plate 433. The electric rotating shaft 435 is arranged above the front end of the hinged plate 433, and the electric rotating shaft 435 drives the sliding wheel 434 to rotate; In the present invention, the hollow circular tube G is horizontally placed on the support base 42 and the support plate 415. After the first hole in the hollow circular tube G is drilled, by starting the micro motor 412 to rotate, under the transmission of the belt 413, the driving wheel 414 rotates to drive the hollow circular tube G to rotate at an angle inside the support plate 415, and multiple drilling operations can be performed on the same circular cross-section of the hollow circular tube G. When the hollow circular tube G is placed on the support base 42 and the support plate 415, the sliding wheel 434 at the rear end, under the elastic cooperation of the spring tube sleeve 431, the pressing plate 432, and the hinged plate 433, makes the sliding wheel 434 abut against the rear surface of the hollow circular tube G. By driving the electric rotating shaft 435, the sliding wheel 434 rotates to drive the hollow circular tube G to translate on the same horizontal plane, facilitating multiple drilling operations on the same axial position of the hollow circular tube G, and more conveniently performing multiple drilling operations on the same hollow circular tube G.
[0022] A preferred technical solution is that the pallet 415 has an arc-shaped structure, and there are three driving wheels 414, which are distributed on the left, right and middle positions inside the pallet 415. The three driving wheels 414 are synchronously rotated through a belt to ensure that the hollow circular tube G can stably rotate at an angle inside the pallet 415, facilitating the punching and drilling operations at multiple locations on the same circular cross-section of the hollow circular tube G; A preferred technical solution is that the bellows sleeve 431, the pressing plate 432 and the hinged plate 433 are on the same horizontal line to elastically adjust the front and rear distance of the sliding wheel 434, ensuring that the sliding wheel 434 can abut against the rear surface of the hollow circular tube G. The sliding wheel 434 is driven by the electric rotating shaft 435 to rotate and drive the hollow circular tube G to translate on the same horizontal plane, facilitating the punching and drilling operations at multiple locations on the same axial position of the hollow circular tube G. Any technical solution that uses the technical solution of the present invention or is designed by those skilled in the art under the inspiration of the technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above technical effects shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An automated punching and drilling device for mechanical design and manufacturing, the structure of which comprises a workbench (1), a control panel (2), a punching and drilling mechanism (3) and a placement mechanism (4), the front end surface of the workbench (1) is embedded with a control panel (2), and the control panel (2) controls the operation of the punching and drilling mechanism (3) and the placement mechanism (4), the punching and drilling mechanism (3) is arranged on the upper end of the workbench (1), and the punching and drilling mechanism (3) is located directly above the placement mechanism (4), and the placement mechanism (4) is arranged on the middle surface of the workbench (1), characterized in that: The punching and drilling mechanism (3) is provided with a cylinder (31), a lower pressure plate (32), a rotator (33), a punching and drilling head (34), a spring rod (35), and a buffer plate (36). The cylinder (31) is fixedly installed at the middle end of the top of the workbench (1), and the output end of the cylinder (31) pushes the lower pressure plate (32) to rise and fall. A rotator (33) is installed at the middle end of the bottom of the lower pressure plate (32). The lower end of the rotator (33) is connected to the punching and drilling head (34). The punching and drilling head (34) performs punching and drilling work on the hollow circular tube (G) provided on the placement mechanism (4). Four spring rods (35) are provided and distributed at four positions between the buffer plate (36) and the lower pressure plate (32). The spring rods (35) apply elastic force to buffer the rise and fall of the punching and drilling head (34) penetrating the interior of the buffer plate (36); The bottom of the buffer plate (36) is also provided with a linkage support plate (361), the lower end of the linkage support plate (361) is provided with a lower support plate (362) and is axially connected, the lower support plate (362) is an arc-shaped structure, and a universal ball (363) is provided inside the lower support plate (362) to abut against the hollow circular tube (G).
2. The automatic punching and drilling device for mechanical design and manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A telescopic hose (37) is also provided at the middle end of the bottom of the buffer plate (36), the telescopic hose (37) being sleeved on the outside of the punching drill bit (34), and the upper end of the telescopic hose (37) being connected to an air guide hose (371), the upper end of the air guide hose (371) being through-connected to a dust collection box (372) provided on the top of the workbench (1).
3. The automatic punching and drilling device for mechanical design and manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust collection box (372) is provided with a suction fan (3721) inside, and the suction fan (3721) is located below a filter bag (3722) provided inside the dust collection box (372). A ring (3723) is provided at the upper end of the filter bag (3722) to open the upper end of the filter bag (3722), and a buckle (3724) is also provided on the ring (3723) to buckle and fix with a positioning block (3725) provided inside the dust collection box (372).
4. The automatic punching and drilling device for mechanical design and manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The placement mechanism (4) is composed of a rotating mechanism (41), a support seat (42) and a translation mechanism (43); the rotating mechanism (41) is arranged in the middle of the workbench (1) surface, and the rotating mechanism (41) and the support seats (42) on both sides provide lateral support for the hollow circular tube (G) as a whole; the translation mechanism (43) is arranged on the rear end surface above the workbench (1) surface, and the translation mechanism (43) is located at the rear side of the rotating mechanism (41) and the support seat (42) and abuts against the rear surface of the hollow circular tube (G).
5. The automatic punching and drilling device for mechanical design and manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (41) is composed of a base (411), a micro motor (412), a belt (413), a driving wheel (414) and a support plate (415); the base (411) is arranged in the middle of the workbench (1) and a micro motor (412) is arranged inside the base (411); the output end of the micro motor (412) drives the belt (413) to transmit and drive the driving wheel (414) to rotate on the inner edge of the support plate (415); the support plate (415) supports the hollow circular tube (G) and drives the hollow circular tube (G) to rotate at an angle through the driving wheel (414).
6. The automatic punching and drilling device for mechanical design and manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The translation mechanism (43) is composed of a spring sleeve (431), a pressing plate (432), a hinged plate (433), a sliding wheel (434) and an electric rotating shaft (435); the rear end of the spring sleeve (431) is fixedly mounted on the rear end surface above the workbench (1), and the pressing plate (432) is elastically pressed inside the spring sleeve (431); the pressing plate (432) is arranged at the rear end of the hinged plate (433), and the sliding wheel (434) is installed at the front end of the hinged plate (433); the electric rotating shaft (435) is arranged above the front end of the hinged plate (433), and the electric rotating shaft (435) drives the sliding wheel (434) to rotate.