Spinning friction type vehicle lightning protection seat installation energy absorption device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of vehicle protection, and particularly relates to a spinning friction type vehicle lightning protection seat installation energy absorption device. The device is arranged between a seat and the bottom of a vehicle and comprises a connection guide mechanism, a spinning mechanism and a composite multi-field coupling energy absorption mechanism, and the connection guide mechanism is used for achieving connection between the seat and an energy absorption buffer device, decoupling with a vehicle body during impact and guiding the seat to move; the spinning mechanism is used for generating rotary compression motion when being impacted and is connected with the vehicle body, and axial impact is converted into spiral motion; when a vehicle is impacted, the combined type multi-field coupling energy absorption mechanism achieves buffering and energy absorption on impact through cooperation of multiple physical fields of torsion-compression coupling plastic deformation, compression plastic deformation and friction-viscous damping coupling. The invention provides an energy absorption device which is compact in structure, high in efficiency and high in stability, impact on passengers during explosion can be greatly reduced, and the injury risk of the passengers is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of vehicle protection, and particularly relates to a spinning friction type energy absorption device for installing a vehicle lightning protection seat. Background Art

[0002] In the current vehicle explosion protection technology, the huge damage caused by landmines and improvised explosive devices has been significantly reduced through bottom energy absorption structures and shock wave offset technologies. However, the severe acceleration response of the vehicle body caused by the explosion load and the subsequent dynamic impact process are still the main factors leading to casualties of vehicle occupants. In this context, the innovative design of lightning protection seats is the core technical means to improve the survival ability of occupants. The design of a vehicle lightning protection seat can effectively attenuate the transmission of impact energy when the vehicle is subjected to a bottom explosion shock, limit the peak impact and duration borne by the occupants within a safe threshold, so as to achieve precise protection of the key parts of the human body.

[0003] Regarding the design of lightning protection seats, different forms of lightning protection seats have been developed abroad, such as the XYZVR series magnetorheological fluid buffer lightning protection seats of the US GSS company, the spring-rubber composite buffer explosion-proof seats and Autoflug dynamic suspension seats adopted by the UK Creation company, etc. The research on lightning protection seats in China started relatively late and mostly focused on the seats themselves, resulting in limited buffering and energy absorption of shock waves and being unable to better protect the occupants. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spinning friction type energy absorption and buffering device for installing a vehicle lightning protection seat. The purpose of the present invention is to buffer and absorb the impact transmitted from the vehicle body to the lightning protection seat during an explosion, reduce the damage of the vehicle body to the occupants during an explosion, and provide a compact, highly efficient and highly stable energy absorption solution through the coordinated operation of a rotary compression energy absorption mechanism and a friction buffering mechanism, which can effectively absorb the impact energy of the vehicle body on the seat, greatly reduce the impact on the occupants during an explosion, and reduce the risk of occupant injury.

[0005] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is: a spinning friction type energy absorption device for installing a vehicle lightning protection seat, which is arranged between the seat and the vehicle bottom and includes:

[0006] A connection and guiding mechanism: used to connect the seat and the energy absorption and buffering device and decouple from the vehicle body during impact and guide the movement of the seat;

[0007] A spinning mechanism: used to generate a rotary compression movement when being impacted and connect to the vehicle body, and convert the axial impact into a spiral movement;

[0008] Composite multi-field coupling energy absorption mechanism: When the vehicle is impacted, the impact is buffered and energy is absorbed through the coordination of multi-physical fields of torsion-compression coupling plastic deformation, compression plastic deformation and friction-viscous damping coupling.

[0009] Further, the connecting guide mechanism includes a seat top and bottom beam, two semicircular ring rubber blocks and two semicircular shell-shaped opening flanges;

[0010] A circular shear plate connected to a semicircular shell-shaped opening flange is provided at the bottom of the seat top and bottom beams, and an annular baffle plate I and an annular baffle plate II are provided on the inner circumference of the two semicircular shell-shaped opening flanges, and an annular baffle plate II is provided with an annular groove matching the circular shear plate;

[0011] During assembly, the circular shear plate of the seat top and bottom beam is inserted into the annular groove in the annular baffle II below the semicircular shell opening flange, and two semicircular rubber blocks are arranged between the annular baffle I and the annular baffle II of the two semicircular shell opening flanges. The two semicircular shell opening flanges are connected by side rectangular flanges and the two semicircular rubber blocks are pressed against the outer periphery of the seat top and bottom beam to achieve a tight hold on the lightning protection seat top and bottom beam; the semicircular flange below the semicircular shell opening flange is connected to the spinning mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, a segmented annular reduction groove is provided on the circular shear plate of the seat top and bottom beam, and the starting force of the energy absorption device can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the circular shear plate, the layout and size of the segmented annular reduction groove;

[0013] The two semicircular shell opening flanges are made of steel, and reinforcement ribs are arranged on both sides of the annular baffle II at the lower inner circumference of the two semicircular shell opening flanges and are against the inner walls of the two semicircular shell opening flanges;

[0014] The side rectangular flanges of the two semicircular shell opening flanges are connected by bolts.

[0015] Further, the spinning mechanism includes a rotating pressure head, a rotating guide tube, a thrust bearing and a bearing cover;

[0016] The rotating guide tube is in the shape of a cylinder with a closed bottom. Circular flanges are provided at the upper and lower ends of the rotating guide tube. A spiral downward guiding groove is provided on the inner wall of the rotating guide tube. The bottom annular array limit block I and limit block II are used to limit the rotation of the bottom of the energy absorbing mechanism. The rotating guide tube is connected to the semicircular shell opening flange through the upper circular flange, and is connected to the bottom of the vehicle under the seat through the lower circular flange.

[0017] The rotary pressure head has a stepped circular ring structure with a peripheral annular array of spiral sliders; the spiral sliders of the annular array cooperate with the spiral guide grooves of the rotary guide tube to form a moving pair; an annular groove for installing a thrust bearing and a bearing cover is provided above the rotary pressure head, and the lower part of the rotary pressure head is a hollow ring, and a ring groove with a U-shaped cross section and cooperating with the energy absorption mechanism is provided on the inner bottom surface of the hollow ring;

[0018] The rotary pressure head is matched with the spiral guide groove in the rotary guide tube through the spiral slider, so that when impacted, it generates a spiral downward movement, converting the axial impact into a spiral movement.

[0019] Furthermore, the material of the rotary guide tube is steel, with a total length of L3. There are N3 spiral guide grooves on the inner wall with the axis of the rotary guide tube as the spiral axis, starting from the inner circle of the upper end face of the rotary guide tube, with a pitch of P1 and a height of H2, spiraling downward. The cross section of the guide groove perpendicular to the spiral line is a square cross section with a side length of S1, where H2 < L3 and P1 = 2 * H2;

[0020] The bottom plate of the rotary guide tube is evenly distributed with N4 limit blocks Ⅰ and N5 limit blocks Ⅱ along the circumferential direction. The limit block Ⅰ is concave-shaped, leaning against the inner wall of the rotary guide tube, with a height of h1; the limit block Ⅱ is a single-arc quadrilateral, the arc is concentric with the inner circle of the bottom of the rotary guide tube, the diameter of the circle where the arc is located is D3, and the height of the limit block Ⅱ is h2;

[0021] The rotary guide tube and the rotary pressure head adjust the dominant form of energy absorption during the working process of the energy absorption mechanism by changing the helix angle of the spiral line.

[0022] Furthermore, the material of the rotary pressure head is alloy steel, and a circular welding positioning block is provided on the inner bottom surface of the hollow ring;

[0023] The spiral sliders of the annular array of the rotary pressure head are flush with the lower end face of the rotary pressure head;

[0024] The thrust bearing is at the bottom and the bearing cover is at the top, and they are sequentially installed in the annular groove above the rotary pressure head. The spiral sliders of the rotary pressure head cooperate with the spiral guide grooves of the rotary guide tube to assemble the entire spinning mechanism together.

[0025] Furthermore, the composite multi-field coupling energy absorption mechanism includes an axial compression tube, a rotary compression tube, and an I-shaped rubber strip;

[0026] The axial compression tube is matched with the U-shaped groove of the rotary pressure head through the U-shaped flange at the upper end; the upper end of the rotary compression tube is welded to the rotary pressure head;

[0027] A plurality of rectangular limit blocks Ⅲ that cooperate with the limit blocks Ⅰ of the rotary guide tube are provided on the outer periphery of the bottom of the axial compression tube;

[0028] The inner diameter of the rotary compression tube is the same as the arc diameter of the limiting block II in the rotary guiding tube. Multiple semi-I-shaped clamping grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the outside. On the inner circumference of the bottom of the rotary compression tube, there are convex teeth that match the limiting block II of the rotary guiding tube. The shape of the convex teeth is an inclined quadrilateral, and the inclined direction is the same as the rotation direction of the spiral guiding groove in the rotary guiding tube;

[0029] The rectangular limiting block III of the axial compression tube and the convex teeth of the rotary compression tube cooperate with the limiting block at the bottom of the rotary guiding tube to limit the rotation of the energy absorption mechanism;

[0030] Multiple semi-I-shaped clamping grooves are annularly arrayed on the outside of the rotary compression tube. One side of the I-shaped rubber strip is clamped into them, and the other side is closely attached to the inner wall of the axial compression tube.

[0031] Furthermore, the seat crossbeam, semi-circular shell-shaped opening flange, axial compression tube, rotary guiding tube, rotary compression tube, and rotary pressing head are coaxially arranged;

[0032] The material of the axial compression tube is aluminum alloy, and the axial compression tube is a double-end closed double-layer hollow tube;

[0033] The thickness of the semi-I-shaped clamping groove of the rotary compression tube is the same as the wall thickness of the rotary compression tube. The contact surface of the limiting block II in the rotary guiding tube is completely parallel to the contact surface of the convex teeth in the rotary compression tube, and the height of the convex teeth is less than the height of the limiting block II of the rotary guiding tube;

[0034] The I-shaped rubber strip is the same length as the rotary compression tube.

[0035] Furthermore, by replacing the materials, thicknesses, widths of the semi-circular ring rubber block, axial compression tube, rotary compression tube, and I-shaped rubber strip, as well as the arrangement form of the I-shaped rubber strip, the energy absorption power of the energy absorption device is adjusted;

[0036] The materials of the axial compression tube and the rotary compression tube are polypropylene pp synthetic resin.

[0037] A method of absorbing energy using the above energy absorption device includes the following steps:

[0038] Under the high-speed impact after the vehicle is bombed, the vehicle body at the bottom of the vehicle receives the high-speed impact and transmits it to the rotary guiding tube, semi-circular shell-shaped opening flange, and the anti-explosion seat crossbeam;

[0039] When the impact force reaches the starting force for shearing the circular shear disc of the seat crossbeam, the seat is decoupled from the vehicle body, and the first step of energy absorption occurs, and the energy absorption device is activated;

[0040] The seat crossbeam and the vehicle body have a downward relative movement, and the semi-circular ring rubber block held on the seat crossbeam generates friction with it, continuously absorbing energy and damping during the entire working stroke of the energy absorption device;

[0041] The seat's crossbeam moves downward and impacts the bearing cover. The impact is transmitted through the bearing cover and the thrust bearing to the rotary punch. Under the action of the impact force, the rotary punch begins to move spirally downward along the spiral guide groove of the rotary guide tube, driving the axial compression tube to undergo compressive plastic deformation, driving the rotary compression tube to generate torsion and compressive plastic deformation. At the same time, the relative movement between the rotary compression tube and the axial compression tube causes the I-shaped rubber strip to twist and rub.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the remarkable advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0043] The spinning mechanism provided by the present invention innovatively adopts a non-linear dynamics conversion mechanism. Through the designed spiral guide structure, the axial impact load is converted into the spiral movement of the rotary punch, driving the energy absorption mechanism to rotate and compress. This unique motion conversion mode effectively extends the action time of the impact energy. Based on the principle of conservation of momentum, a new energy distribution model is constructed, realizing the spatio-temporal gradient distribution of the impact energy while reducing the peak impact force of the system.

[0044] The energy absorption mechanism provided by the present invention innovatively adopts a composite multi-field coupling energy absorption mechanism, consuming energy based on the three-dimensional space torsion-compression coupling plastic deformation of the rotary compression tube; the compressive plastic deformation of the axial compression tube; the torsion of the I-shaped polyurethane rubber strips arrayed on the surface of the rotary compression tube and the friction-viscous damping coupling energy consumption between the rubber strips and the inner wall of the axial compression tube; through the synergistic action of multiple physical fields, the maximum improvement of the energy absorption rate is achieved within a limited space.

[0045] The energy absorption mechanism provided by the present invention reduces the dependence of the structure on the linear space through the combination of torsion and axial compression, realizes more efficient energy absorption within a limited space, and has more advantages in application scenarios sensitive to space.

[0046] The connection and guiding mechanism provided by the present invention integrates connection and guiding with buffer energy absorption, and combines the rubber buffer and shear fracture decoupling mechanism: the first impact is weakened through the fracture of the shear disc, and then the friction and damping of the compressed polyurethane rubber are used to continuously consume energy, realizing a dual energy absorption mechanism.

[0047] In the connection and guiding mechanism provided by the present invention, the compressed polyurethane rubber utilizes the viscoelastic damping energy absorption mechanism to realize the continuous energy dissipation throughout the impact process, having a high energy absorption range and a stable energy absorption effect; using the non-linear viscoelastic behavior of the rubber material to effectively attenuate high-frequency impacts.

[0048] The present invention provides a connection and guiding mechanism. By replacing the semi-circular polyurethane rubbers with different energy absorption capabilities, the friction and damping acting on the seat's crossbeam can be adjusted to adapt to the protection and buffer requirements under different impacts, improving the adaptability to multiple working conditions.

[0049] The spinning friction energy absorption device provided by the present invention can achieve reuse while ensuring the safety of passengers under low-intensity impacts by replacing the materials of the parts in the energy absorption mechanism, for example, replacing them with compression-recoverable materials such as polypropylene pp synthetic resin. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0050] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the spinning friction energy absorption device of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the spinning friction energy absorption device of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the spinning friction energy absorption device of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the rotary pressure head of the spinning mechanism of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the rotary guide tube of the spinning mechanism of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the rotary compression tube of the energy absorption mechanism of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 7 It is a sectional view of the rotary compression cylinder and the energy absorption mechanism of the present invention.

[0057] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0058] 1 - Seat crossbeam, 2 - Semi-circular rubber block, 3 - Semi-circular shell-shaped open flange, 4 - I-shaped rubber strip, 5 - Axial compression tube, 6 - Rotary guide tube, 7 - Rotary compression tube, 8 - Rotary pressure head, 9 - Thrust bearing, 10 - Bearing cover. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0059] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, a spinning friction vehicle lightning protection seat installation energy absorption device includes a seat crossbeam 1, two semi-circular rubber blocks 2, two semi-circular shell-shaped open flanges 3, a plurality of I-shaped rubber strips 4, an axial compression tube 5, a rotary guide tube 6, a rotary compression tube 7, a rotary pressure head 8, a thrust bearing 9, a bearing cover 10, and bolts for connection and use.

[0061] The seat crossbeam 1 has a diameter of D1, and a circular shear disc with a diameter of D2 is provided at the end, and N1 segmented annular reduction grooves are opened on the disc.

[0062] The semi-circular shell-shaped open flange 3 is made of 45 steel, with an inner wall diameter of D3. The lower part is a semi-circular ring flange with N2 bolt holes, and rectangular flanges are provided on both sides of the opening of the semi-circular shell. An annular baffle Ⅰ is provided at a distance of L1 downward from its upper end face; an annular baffle Ⅱ is provided at a distance of L2 downward. The annular baffle Ⅱ is symmetrically provided with an annular groove with a rectangular cross-section along the thickness center plane. The outer radius of the annular groove is R1, and the inner radius is R2 (R2 = R1 + 1.0 mm). Reinforcing ribs against the inner wall are added above and below the annular baffle Ⅱ to enhance its bending strength.

[0063] The two semi-circular ring rubber blocks 2 are made of polyurethane rubber, with a height of H1 (H1 = L2 - L1), an outer radius of R3, and an inner diameter of R4 (R4 = D1 / 2 - 2 mm). They are respectively placed between the upper and lower baffles of the semi-circular shell-shaped open flange 3. The two semi-circular shell-shaped open flanges 3 are bolted through the rectangular flanges to compress the two semi-circular ring rubber blocks 2 placed therebetween, and then the seat crossbeam 1 is compressed to achieve a firm clamping of the seat crossbeam 1.

[0064] The circular shear disc provided on the seat crossbeam 1 is inserted into the annular groove in the annular baffle Ⅱ below the semi-circular shell opening flange 3 to realize the connection between the energy absorption device and the seat.

[0065] When the vehicle is subjected to an explosion shock, when the impact force received by the seat crossbeam 1 reaches the starting force, the shear disc on the seat crossbeam 1 is cut off to weaken the impact, reduce the initial impact peak value, decouple the seat and the vehicle body, and release the axial movement restriction of the energy absorption device on the mine-proof seat. Subsequently, the seat crossbeam 1 continues to move, and the clamped semi-circular ring rubber blocks 2 realize the absorption of impact energy and vibration filtration through the triple mechanisms of continuous friction, damping, and deformation.

[0066] The rotary guide tube 6 is made of 45 steel, with circular flanges provided at both the upper and lower ends. Its nominal diameter, bolt hole diameter, and bolt hole center circle diameter match those of the semi-circular flange of the semi-circular shell-shaped open flange 3. The bolt holes are 2*N2 in number, and the semi-circular flange below the semi-circular shell-shaped open flange 3 is connected to the upper flange of the rotary guide tube 6 through bolts.

[0067] The total length of the rotary guide tube 6 is L3, the bottom end is closed, the inner wall diameter is D2, and N3 (N3 is 4, 6, or 8) guide grooves are provided on the inner wall with the axis of the rotary guide tube 6 as the spiral axis. The starting point is on the inner circle of the upper end face of the rotary guide tube 6, with a pitch of P1 and a height of H2 (H2 < L3, P1 = 2*H2), spiraling downward. The cross-section of the guide groove perpendicular to the spiral is a square cross-section with a side length of S1.

[0068] A total of N4 limit blocks Ⅰ and N5 limit blocks Ⅱ are evenly distributed along the circumference at the bottom of the rotary guide tube 6. The limit block Ⅰ is concave-shaped, against the inner wall of the rotary guide tube 6, with a height of h1; the limit block Ⅱ is a single-arc quadrilateral, with the arc concentric with the inner circle at the bottom of the rotary guide tube 6, a diameter of D3, and a height of h2.

[0069] The rotary punch head 8 is made of 40Cr alloy steel, and its main structure is a stepped ring structure with N3 spiral sliders arranged circumferentially; an annular groove is opened at the upper part, with a small diameter D4, a large diameter D5, an annular groove depth d1, and a boss height H3 (H3 < d1) in the annular groove; the lower part of the rotary punch head 8 is a hollow ring; the bottom surface of the rotary punch head 8 is provided with a U-shaped ring groove, with a diameter D6, a width w1, and a height H5 (H5 = w1 / 2 + 1 mm); two circular welding positioning blocks with a length L1, an inner diameter D7, and a thickness of 2 mm are arranged on the inner bottom surface of the hollow ring.

[0070] The pitch, helix direction, and cross-sectional shape of the spiral sliders of the rotary punch head 8 in the annular array are the same as those of the spiral grooves of the rotary guide tube 6. The lower part of the spiral slider is flush with the lower end surface of the rotary punch head 8, with a height H6.

[0071] The inner and outer diameter dimensions of the thrust bearing 9 are the same as those of the inner and outer diameter dimensions of the annular groove above the rotary punch head 8, with a height H7 (d1 > H7 > H3); the bearing cover 10 is a flat disc, with a thickness T1 (d1 > H7 + T1), and the diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the thrust bearing 9.

[0072] The thrust bearing 9 is at the bottom, and the bearing cover 10 is at the top, and they are sequentially installed in the annular groove above the rotary punch head 8. The spiral sliders of the rotary punch head 8 cooperate with the spiral guide grooves of the rotary guide tube 6 to install the entire spinning mechanism together.

[0073] A positioning block is arranged below the rotary punch head 8. When the rotary compression tube 7 is welded to the rotary punch head 8, it must be ensured that the welding positioning block below the rotary punch head 8 contacts the outside of the semi-I-shaped card slot of the rotary compression tube 7, so as to ensure that after the rotary punch head 8 and the rotary compression tube 7 are connected and installed into the rotary guide tube 6, when the rotary punch head 8 is screwed into the guide groove, the limit convex teeth at the lower end of the rotary compression tube 7 can be correctly matched with the limit block of the rotary guide tube 6.

[0074] When the vehicle is subjected to an explosion shock, the seat crossbeam 1 decouples from the connection guide mechanism and continues to move downward, collides with the spinning mechanism, and pushes the rotary punch head 8 to move spirally downward along the spiral guide groove opened in the rotary guide tube 6.

[0075] The axial compression tube 5 and the rotary compression tube 7 are made of aluminum alloy, and the I-shaped rubber strip 4 is made of polyurethane rubber.

[0076] The axial compression tube 5 is a double-layer hollow tube, with each layer having a thickness of T2 and a spacing of T3, (2*T2 + T3 = w1). The upper end of the compression tube is a reversed U-shaped structure formed by the combination of the inner and outer layers, and the dimensions of the reversed U-shaped structure are the same as those of the U-shaped annular groove structure in the above-mentioned rotary press head 8. The middle diameter of the axial compression tube 5 is D6; at the bottom of the axial compression tube 5, there are N4 rectangular limit blocks III, and the structural dimensions are the same as the external dimensions of the concave grooves of the limit blocks I in the rotary guide tube 6. The height of the limit block III is H8 (H8 = h1 - 2 mm).

[0077] The wall thickness of the rotary compression tube 7 is T4, and the inner diameter is D3, which is the same as the arc diameter of the limit block II in the rotary guide tube 6. Along its outer circumference, N6 semi-I-shaped clamping grooves are evenly distributed. The thickness of the semi-I-shaped clamping grooves is the same as the wall thickness of the rotary compression tube 7; at the bottom of the rotary compression tube 7, there are N5 convex teeth. The shape of the convex teeth is an inclined quadrilateral, and the inclined direction is the same as the rotation direction of the spiral guide groove in the rotary guide tube 6. In particular, the contact surface of the limit block II in the above-mentioned rotary guide tube 6 is completely parallel to the contact surface of the convex teeth in the rotary compression tube 7, and the height of the convex teeth is h3 (h3 < h2).

[0078] The I-shaped rubber strip 4 is the same length as the rotary compression tube 7. Half of it is tightly stuck in its semi-I-shaped clamping groove, and the other half is in close contact with the inner wall of the above-mentioned axial compression tube 5.

[0079] The upper end of the rotary compression tube 7 is welded to the above-mentioned rotary press head 8 under the positioning of the positioning block. The reversed U-shaped upper end of the axial compression tube 5 is fitted with the U-shaped annular groove of the rotary press head 8 without connection.

[0080] The seat crossbeam 1, the semi-circular shell-shaped open flange 3, the axial compression tube 5, the rotary guide tube 6, the rotary compression tube 7, and the rotary press head 8 are coaxial. The axial compression tube 5 and the rotary compression tube 7 are placed at the bottom of the rotary guide tube 6. The rectangular limit blocks of the axial compression tube 5 are inserted into the slots of the limit blocks I at the bottom of the rotary guide tube 6, and the convex teeth of the rotary compression tube 7 are close to the semi-circular quadrilateral limit blocks II of the rotary guide tube 6.

[0081] When the axial compression tube 5 and the rotary compression tube 7 are not working, the rotary press head 8 restricts their axial displacement, and the clamping grooves and limit blocks at the bottom of the rotary guide tube 6 restrict their rotation. When the rotary press head 8 is impacted and moves downward in a spiral manner, it drives the rotary compression tube 7 to start twisting. At the same time, the rotary press head 8 compresses the entire energy absorption mechanism downward. The energy absorption mechanism absorbs the impact energy through the torsional plastic deformation of the rotary compression tube 7 and the axial compression plastic deformation of the axial compression tube 5 and the rotary compression tube 7. At the same time, only the rotary compression tube 7 undergoes axial torsion while the axial compression tube 5 does not twist, causing relative rotation between the rotary compression tube 7 and the axial compression tube 5. The I-shaped rubber strip 4 stuck around the rotary compression tube 7 twists together with the rotary compression tube and frictions with the axial compression tube 5 to generate heat and dissipate the impact energy.

[0082] By changing the thickness of the circular shear disc, optimizing the layout and dimensions of the segmented annular cutting grooves, etc., the starting force of the energy absorption device can be changed for the seat crossbeam 1. By replacing the materials, thicknesses, widths of the semi-circular annular rubber blocks 2, axial compression tubes 5, rotary compression tubes 7 and I-shaped rubber strips 4, as well as the arrangement form of the I-shaped rubber strips 4, the energy absorption power of the energy absorption device can be adjusted.

[0083] The materials of the axial compression tube 5 and the rotary compression tube 7 can be replaced with recoverable materials such as polypropylene (pp) synthetic resin to achieve the reuse of the energy absorption device.

[0084] By changing the helix angle of the helical line, the rotary guide tube 6 and the rotary punch 8 can adjust the dominant form of energy absorption during the working process of the energy absorption mechanism. Reducing the helix angle and increasing the number of helical turns can adjust the energy absorption mechanism to an energy absorption form dominated by the torsion of the rotary compression tube 7 and the torsional friction of the I-shaped rubber strip 4. Increasing the helix angle and reducing the number of helical turns can adjust the energy absorption mechanism to an energy absorption form dominated by the compression of the axial compression tube 5 and the rotary compression tube 7.

[0085] The energy absorption mechanism is placed inside the rotary guide tube 6. When the energy absorption device works, the maximum working stroke depends on the thickness of the energy absorption mechanism accumulated at the bottom of the rotary guide tube 6 after being completely torsionally crushed. Correspondingly, increasing the internal volume of the rotary guide tube 6 can increase the working stroke of the energy absorption device, and vice versa, it will reduce the working stroke.

[0086] Under the high-speed impact of the vehicle after the explosion of a landmine or improvised explosive device, the high-speed impact on the bottom body of the vehicle is transmitted to the rotary guide tube 6, the semi-circular shell-shaped opening flange 3, and the anti-mine seat crossbeam 1. When the impact force reaches the starting force of the circular shear disc that can cut the seat crossbeam 1, the anti-mine seat decouples from the vehicle body, and the first step of energy absorption occurs, and the energy absorption device is activated. Subsequently, a downward relative movement is generated between the seat crossbeam 1 and the vehicle body, and the semi-circular ring rubber block 2 held tightly on the seat crossbeam 1 rubs against it, continuously absorbing energy and damping vibration throughout the working stroke of the entire energy absorption device. The seat crossbeam 1 moves downward and impacts the bearing cover 10, transmitting the impact through the bearing cover 10 and the thrust bearing 9 to the rotary pressure head 8. Under the action of the impact force, the rotary pressure head 8 begins to move spirally downward along the spiral guide groove of the rotary guide tube 6, driving the axial compression tube 5 to undergo compressive plastic deformation, driving the rotary compression tube 7 to generate torsional and compressive plastic deformation. At the same time, the relative movement between the rotary compression tube 7 and the axial compression tube 5 causes the torsional and frictional of the I-shaped rubber strip. The combined action of the three parts absorbs a large amount of impact energy, greatly attenuates the impact amplitude received by the occupant, increases the impact time received by the occupant, and effectively reduces the injury risk of the occupant. This device can adjust the starting force of the energy absorption device by changing the size of the circular shear disc on the seat crossbeam 1 and optimizing the size of the segmented annular cutting groove, so as to better adapt to the protection of occupants of different weights and more diverse working environments. In addition, by changing the thickness, material of the axial compression tube 5 and the rotary compression tube 7, as well as the material, size, and arrangement form of the I-shaped rubber strip 4, the energy absorption power of the energy absorption device is adjusted to improve the adaptability under multiple working conditions.

Claims

1. A spinning friction type vehicle lightning protection seat installation energy absorption device, characterized in that: Set between the seat and the bottom of the vehicle, including: Connection guide mechanism: used to achieve the connection between the seat and the energy absorption and buffer device, decouple from the vehicle body during impact, and guide the movement of the seat; Spinning mechanism: used to generate rotational compression motion and connect the vehicle body when impacted, converting axial impact into spiral motion; Composite multi-field coupling energy absorption mechanism: When the vehicle is impacted, the impact is buffered and energy is absorbed through the coordination of multi-physical fields of torsion-compression coupling plastic deformation, compression plastic deformation and friction-viscous damping coupling.

2. The energy absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting guide mechanism comprises a seat top and bottom beam (1), two semicircular ring rubber blocks (2) and two semicircular shell-shaped opening flanges (3); A circular shearing plate connected to a semicircular shell-shaped opening flange (3) is provided at the bottom of the seat top and bottom beam (1); an annular baffle plate I and an annular baffle plate II are provided on the inner circumference of the two semicircular shell-shaped opening flanges (3) in an upward and downward manner; and an annular baffle plate II is provided with an annular groove matching the circular shearing plate; During assembly, the circular shear disk of the seat top and bottom beam (1) is inserted into the annular groove in the annular baffle II below the semicircular shell opening flange (2), and two semicircular ring rubber blocks (2) are arranged between the annular baffle I and the annular baffle II of the two semicircular shell opening flanges (3). The two semicircular shell opening flanges (3) are connected by side rectangular flanges and the two semicircular ring rubber blocks (2) are pressed against the outer periphery of the seat top and bottom beam (1) to achieve a tight hold on the lightning protection seat top and bottom beam (1); the semicircular flange below the semicircular shell opening flange (3) is connected to the spinning mechanism.

3. The energy absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circular shearing plate of the seat top and bottom beam (1) is provided with a segmented annular reduction groove, and the starting force of the energy absorption device can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the circular shearing plate and the layout and size of the segmented annular reduction groove; The two semi-circular shell-shaped opening flanges (3) are made of steel, and reinforcement ribs are arranged on both sides of the annular baffle II at the lower inner circumference of the two semi-circular shell-shaped opening flanges (3) and are against the inner walls of the two semi-circular shell-shaped opening flanges; The side rectangular flanges of the two semicircular shell-shaped opening flanges (3) are connected by bolts.

4. The energy absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spinning mechanism comprises a rotating pressing head (8), a rotating guide tube (6), a thrust bearing (9) and a bearing cover (10); The rotating guide tube (6) is in the shape of a cylinder with a closed bottom as a whole. The rotating guide tube (6) is provided with circular flanges at both ends. The inner wall of the rotating guide tube (6) is provided with a spiral downward guiding groove. The bottom annular array of limit blocks I and limit blocks II are provided to limit the rotation of the bottom of the energy absorbing mechanism. The rotating guide tube (6) is connected to the semicircular shell opening flange (3) through the upper circular flange, and the rotating guide tube (6) is connected to the bottom of the vehicle below the seat through the lower circular flange. The rotary pressure head (8) is a stepped circular ring structure with spiral sliders in an annular array on the outer circumference; the spiral sliders in the annular array cooperate with the spiral guide grooves of the rotary guide tube (6) to form a moving pair; an annular groove for mounting a thrust bearing (9) and a bearing cover (10) is provided above the rotary pressure head (8); a hollow ring is provided below the rotary pressure head (8); an annular groove with a U-shaped cross section and cooperating with the energy absorption mechanism is provided on the inner bottom surface of the hollow ring; The rotary pressure head (8) cooperates with the spiral guide groove in the rotary guide tube (6) through the spiral slider, so that when impacted, the rotary pressure head (8) generates a spiral downward movement, thereby converting the axial impact into a spiral movement.

5. The energy absorbing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating guide tube (6) is made of steel, has a total length of L3, and has N3 guide grooves on its inner wall, with the axis of the rotating guide tube (6) as the spiral axis, the starting point being located on the inner circle of the upper end face of the rotating guide tube (6), the pitch being P1, the height being H2, and the spiral downward. The cross section of the guide groove perpendicular to the spiral line is a square cross section with a side length of S1, wherein H2 <L3,P1=2*H2; The bottom plate of the rotating guide tube (6) is evenly distributed with N4 limit blocks I and N5 limit blocks II along the circumferential direction. The limit block I is in a concave shape, backed against the inner wall of the rotating guide tube (6), and has a height of h1; the limit block II is a single arc quadrilateral, the arc is concentric with the inner circle of the bottom of the rotating guide tube (6), the diameter of the circle where the arc is located is D3, and the height of the limit block II is h2; The rotating guide tube (6) and the rotating pressure head (8) adjust the dominant form of energy absorption during the working process of the energy absorption mechanism by changing the rise angle of the spiral line.

6. The energy absorbing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating pressure head (8) is made of alloy steel, and a circular welding positioning block is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the hollow ring; The lower side of the spiral slider of the annular array of the rotary pressure head (8) is flush with the lower end surface of the rotary pressure head (8); The thrust bearing (9) is at the bottom and the bearing cover (10) is at the top, which are sequentially installed in the annular groove above the rotating pressure head (8). The spiral slider of the rotating pressure head (8) cooperates with the spiral guide groove of the rotating guide tube (6) to install the entire spinning mechanism together.

7. The energy absorbing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The composite multi-field coupling energy absorption mechanism comprises an axial compression tube (5), a rotational compression tube (7) and an I-shaped rubber strip (4); The axial compression tube (5) cooperates with the U-shaped groove of the rotary pressure head (8) through the U-shaped flange at the upper end; the upper end of the rotary compression tube (7) and the rotary pressure head (8) are welded; A plurality of rectangular stop blocks III are arranged on the outer periphery of the bottom of the axial compression tube (5) and cooperate with the stop block I of the rotating guide tube (6); The inner diameter of the rotary compression tube (7) is consistent with the arc diameter of the limit block II in the rotary guide tube (6), and a plurality of semi-I-shaped grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the outside. The inner circumference of the bottom of the rotary compression tube (7) is provided with convex teeth matching the limit block II of the rotary guide tube (6), and the convex teeth are in the shape of an inclined quadrilateral, and the inclination direction is consistent with the rotation direction of the spiral guide groove in the rotary guide tube (6); The rectangular limit block III of the axial compression tube (5) and the convex teeth of the rotary compression tube (7) cooperate with the limit block at the bottom of the rotary guide tube (6) to limit the rotation of the energy absorption mechanism; The outer portion of the rotary compression tube (7) is provided with a plurality of semi-I-shaped slots in an annular array, one side of the I-shaped rubber strip (4) is inserted into the slots, and the other side is tightly attached to the inner wall of the axial compression tube (5).

8. The energy absorbing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The seat top and bottom beam (1), the semicircular shell opening flange (3), the axial compression tube (5), the rotary guide tube (6), the rotary compression tube (7) and the rotary pressure head (8) are coaxially arranged; The axial compression tube (5) is made of aluminum alloy and is a double-layer hollow tube with double ends closed; The thickness of the semi-I-shaped groove of the rotary compression tube (7) is consistent with the wall thickness of the rotary compression tube, the contact surface of the limit block II in the rotary guide tube (6) is completely parallel to the contact surface of the convex teeth in the rotary compression tube (7), and the height of the convex teeth is less than the height of the limit block II of the rotary guide tube; The I-shaped rubber strip (4) and the rotary compression tube (7) are of equal length.

9. The energy absorbing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The energy absorption power of the energy absorption device is adjusted by changing the material, thickness, width of the semicircular ring-shaped rubber block (2), the axial compression tube (5), the rotary compression tube (7) and the I-shaped rubber strip (4) as well as the arrangement of the I-shaped rubber strip (4); The material of the axial compression tube (5) and the rotary compression tube (7) is polypropylene (PP) synthetic resin.

10. A method for absorbing energy using the energy absorbing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: When the vehicle is subjected to a high-speed impact after the explosion, the vehicle bottom body is subjected to a high-speed impact which is transmitted to the rotating guide tube (6), the semicircular shell opening flange (3) and the lightning protection seat top and bottom beam (1); When the impact force reaches the starting force of the circular shear plate that cuts off the seat top and bottom beam (1), the seat is decoupled from the vehicle body, and the first step of energy absorption is carried out, and the energy absorption device is activated; The seat top and bottom beam (1) and the vehicle body generate downward relative movement, and the semicircular rubber block (2) tightly held on the seat top and bottom beam (1) generates friction therewith, so that energy absorption and shock absorption are continuously performed during the entire working stroke of the energy absorption device; The seat top and bottom beam (1) moves downward and hits the bearing cover (10), and the impact is transmitted to the rotating pressure head (8) through the bearing cover (10) and the thrust bearing (9). Under the action of the impact force, the rotating pressure head (8) starts to move downward in a spiral along the spiral guide groove of the rotating guide tube (6), driving the axial compression tube (5) to undergo compressive plastic deformation, driving the rotating compression tube (7) to undergo torsion and compressive plastic deformation, and at the same time, the relative movement between the rotating compression tube (7) and the axial compression tube (5) causes the I-shaped rubber strip to twist and rub.

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