Head and neck protection device capable of resisting dynamic impact and use method of head and neck protection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic-impact-resistant head and neck protection device and a using method thereof.The device comprises a helmet, an adhesion module, a seat headrest and a control module, the adhesion module is arranged on the seat headrest and is opposite to the adsorption surface of the helmet, the control module is arranged in the seat headrest, a control assembly is connected with the adhesion module, and the adhesion module is connected with the control module. The control module is used for controlling the adhesion module to fix or separate the helmet and the seat headrest according to the dynamic impact load state. The invention relates to an active mechanical protection device for efficiently reducing forward dynamic impact load of a head and a neck. According to the invention, whiplash injury to the head and the neck of a passenger can be obviously reduced, free movement of the head and the neck within a certain range is allowed in a protection state, and the wearing comfort and the ergonomic suitability are improved. In addition, the multiple bionic adhesion structures can dynamically adapt to different curvature radiuses of the adsorption curved surfaces, the control module and the seat are integrally installed, the stable adsorption and desorption capacity is achieved, and the response is rapid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-inertia impact protection, and particularly to a head and neck protection device against dynamic impact and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] In the application scenarios of high-speed transportation vehicles, especially in the automotive and aviation fields, due to sudden events such as high-speed collisions or emergency braking, vehicle occupants often bear extremely large inertial loads. High G-loads and their rapid increase can not only cause neck muscle strains, but may also lead to a series of serious injuries such as cervical fractures, ligament tears, intervertebral disc degeneration, and intervertebral disc herniation. Under these high-inertia impacts, the cervical spine is subjected to excessive extension. Being exposed to such an environment for a long time is extremely likely to induce whiplash injuries to the neck. Especially in narrow spaces such as aircraft, the existing protection devices have limited ability to effectively alleviate these high-intensity impacts and fail to fully meet the protection requirements for personnel safety under high-inertia conditions. To address these problems, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of protection device that can effectively reduce inertial loads and mitigate the damage of high G-loads to the head and neck. Especially in a high-inertia impact environment, it can provide more reliable protection.

[0003] The design principles of head and neck protection devices in limited spaces have tended to be unified, that is, by using a limiting device to restrict head movement to resist the whiplash of the head and neck under inertial acceleration. Currently, such devices can be roughly divided into harness type, airbag type, cable type, and mechanical type. As a harness-cable composite head and neck support system, HANS restricts excessive adverse relative movement between the head and the torso through a lightweight structure made of carbon fiber. However, the overall structure is too bulky, significantly reducing the comfort of the occupants and being inconvenient to replace; mechanical devices mainly focus on the transformation of the seat. The WHIPS seat protection system uses a hinge between the backrest and the seat cushion to absorb part of the impact load energy. However, this device will affect the occupant's field of vision during operation and has little effect on neck protection; the airbag type neck protection device has poor dynamic adaptability and a long response time, making it inconvenient to complete normal operations. Therefore, when dealing with forward inertial loads on the head and neck, the existing devices either have limited load reduction effects or affect human comfort, and are prone to interfering with head and neck activities in the non-working state. They all have certain limitations and are difficult to simultaneously meet the flexible requirements of protection and load reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Object of the Invention: The present invention aims to provide a head and neck protection device against dynamic impact that can effectively reduce the impact of forward inertial loads on whiplash injuries to the head and neck; another object of the present invention is to provide a usage method for a head and neck protection device against dynamic impact.

[0005] Technical solution: The head and neck protection device against dynamic impact described in the present invention includes a helmet, an adhesion module, a control module, and a seat headrest. The control module is installed inside the seat headrest. The adhesion module includes an adsorption adapter, an adhesion material layer, an adsorption sealing layer, and an air path adapter. The adhesion material layer is installed in a stepped groove on the inner surface of the adsorption sealing layer through the adsorption adapter. The tail end of the adsorption adapter is connected to the air path adapter, and the air path of the air path adapter is connected to the central air path of the adsorption adapter to form a passage. The air path adapter is connected to the electrical connection head of the control module. When the vacuum pump of the control module works, a vacuum is generated on the side of the adhesion material layer close to the helmet, adsorbing the helmet to reduce the inertial load on the helmet.

[0006] Further, the adhesion module further includes a rubber pad, a spherical rod, a reverse buckle nut, and a thin sheet nut; the ball head end of the spherical rod is fixed to the air path adapter through the reverse buckle nut, a rubber pad is provided between the ball head end and the air path adapter, and the tail end of the spherical rod is fixed to the seat headrest through the thin sheet nut.

[0007] Further, the control module includes a vacuum pump, a control circuit board, an electrical connection joint, and a solenoid valve.

[0008] Further, one end of the adhesion material layer and the adsorption sealing layer close to the helmet is circular, and both are provided with central holes.

[0009] Further, the tail end of the air path adapter is provided with an external thread column platform for placing the ball head end, and a spherical surface groove is provided inside the column platform.

[0010] Further, the air path of the air path adapter is a right-angle air path.

[0011] The usage method of the head and neck protection device against dynamic impact described in the present invention includes the following steps:

[0012] (1) When the head and neck protection device is in a non-working state, the solenoid valve in the control module is in an open state, the vacuum pump does not work, the signal lamp is off, and the helmet is separated from the seat headrest. At this time, the head and neck protection device does not interfere with the activities of the head and neck;

[0013] (2) When facing a forward inertial load, after the acceleration data in the control module meets the start output condition, the head and neck protection device enters the adsorption working state. The solenoid valve in the control box is in a closed state, the vacuum pump starts to work, and the helmet is adsorbed on the adhesion module on the seat headrest;

[0014] (3) After the inertial load reduction is completed and the acceleration data meets the shutdown output condition, the head and neck protection device exits the working state. The normally open solenoid valve in the control module opens, the vacuum pump closes, and the helmet is desorbed from the adhesion module and returns to the free movement state.

[0015] Further, step (1) is specifically as follows: In the non-operating state before the inertial load arrives, the inertial navigation measurement module supporting the seat senses the inertial load in advance, and the control module is in the non-operating state before the system determines that the protection device meets the activation condition; A manual switch device supporting the seat is designed to prevent the inertial navigation module from causing misactivation of the protection device due to sensing errors or signal interference. The occupant can give instructions of "adsorption" or "disconnection" by operating the manual switch to directly control the activation and stop of the protection device.

[0016] Further, step (2) is specifically as follows: Before the forward inertial load arrives, when the system determines that the protection device meets the activation condition, the helmet actively leans backward to near the adhesion module, the control module is activated, and the control circuit board in the box controls the vacuum pump to perform air extraction operation. Under the action of the pre-pressure and negative pressure, the adhesion module locks to the surface of the helmet, and the helmet is coupled with the seat headrest.

[0017] Further, step (3) is specifically as follows: After the inertial load is eliminated, when the system determines that the protection device meets the closing condition, the control module is in the non-operating state, the vacuum pump in the box stops air extraction, the solenoid valve opens, the adhesion module releases the adsorption, and the helmet is separated from the seat headrest; The occupant can give instructions of adsorption and disconnection by operating the manual switch to directly control the activation and stop of the protection device.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. The adhesion module of the present invention integrates negative pressure adsorption and dry adhesion, establishes multiple bionic adhesion units, and realizes reliable force bearing; 2. Through the ball hinge connection structure of the present invention, combined with the flexible deformation of the adhesion module, a certain range of head rotation can be achieved, improving the wearing comfort and ergonomic adaptability; 3. The control module of the present invention has the characteristics of rapid response and strong anti-interference ability. It can continuously and stably provide sufficient air extraction capacity during air circuit timing, enabling the adhesion module to quickly enter the working state; The control module can quickly relieve pressure and recover, and can realize the quick desorption of the adhesion unit; 4. The present invention adopts multiple bionic adhesion technologies to improve both the axial tensile strength and the tangential anti-slip ability at the same time. The micro-structure on the surface of the inner adhesion unit under the working state of the protection device can provide tangential adhesion force, greatly improving the bearing capacity of the protection device; 5. The double-layer adhesion unit combined with the wedge-shaped sealing structure can realize reliable adsorption in areas with different curvature radii on the helmet surface. The protection device has dynamic adaptability to different attachment areas of the helmet, allowing the head to be adjusted within a certain range in multiple directions to adapt to the posture and displacement requirements of occupants of different heights. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is the longitudinal sectional view of the adhesion module;

[0021] Figure 3 Longitudinal sectional view of the control module. Specific implementation mode

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] The head and neck protection device against dynamic impact of the present invention includes a helmet 1, an adhesion module 2, a control module 3 and a seat headrest 4. The adhesion module 2 is connected to the seat headrest 4, the control module 3 is installed inside the seat headrest, and the adhesion module 2 and the control module 3 are connected by an air pipe to reduce the inertial load of the helmet 1. The dynamic adaptation of adsorption surfaces with different curvature radii is realized by using the negative pressure adsorption of remora fish and the dry adhesion of gecko. The connecting component of the adhesion device uses an embedded ball joint structure to realize the free rotation of the head in the working state. The air circuit control component is connected to the connecting component through an air pipe, and is used to identify the inertial load state signal to control the start and stop of the head and neck inertial load reduction protection device, so as to realize the adsorption and detachment of the helmet.

[0024] As Figure 2 shown, the adhesion module 2 of the present invention includes an adsorption adapter 21, an adhesion material layer 22, an adsorption sealing layer 23, an air path adapter 24, a rubber pad 25, a spherical rod 26, a reverse buckle nut 27 and a thin sheet nut 28. Among them, one ends of the adhesion material layer 22 and the adsorption sealing layer 23 close to the helmet are both circular, and both are provided with central air holes. The edge of the adsorption sealing layer 23 is designed with a wedge-shaped sealing ring structure, and the inner surface of the base is provided with a stepped groove. The adhesion material layer 22 is pressed against the stepped groove on the inner surface of the adsorption sealing layer 23 through the adsorption adapter 21. The tail end of the adsorption adapter is connected to the air path adapter 24. The air path adapter 24 is provided with a right-angle air duct. The air inlet of the air duct is aligned with the air duct at the tail end of the adsorption adapter 21, and the air outlet of the air duct is connected to the control module 3 through an air pipe. The rear end of the air path adapter 24 is fixedly connected with an external thread column platform, and a spherical groove is arranged inside the column platform. One end of the spherical head of the spherical rod 26 is placed in the spherical groove of the external thread column platform, and the tail end passes through the reverse buckle nut 27 and is connected to the seat headrest. The thin sheet nut 28 provides a supporting effect for the installation of the spherical rod. The reverse buckle nut 27 is connected to the tail column platform of the air path adapter 24, and generates sufficient pressure during the tightening process, and cooperates with the rubber pad 25 to stably fix the spherical rod 26 in the spherical groove. The adhesion material layer 22 is a large-hardness adsorption sealing layer with a wedge-shaped structure, the adsorption sealing layer 23 is composed of the adhesion material layer, and the adhesion material layer 22 and the adsorption sealing layer 23 form a double-layer structure.

[0025] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the control module 3 of the present invention mainly includes an upper box body 30 of the air circuit control box, a lower box body 31 of the air circuit control box, a vacuum pump 32, a control circuit board 33, a conductive rubber strip 34, a signal lamp 35, an electrical connection joint 38, and a two-position three-way solenoid valve 40. Among them, the vacuum pump 32 is installed on the upper box body 30 of the air circuit control box, the control circuit board 33 is installed on the lower box body 31 of the air circuit control box through six socket head cap screws 39, the solenoid valve 40 and the electrical connection joint 38 are respectively installed on the side surface of the lower box body 31 of the air circuit control box through two flat head cap screws 41 and 37, the upper and lower box bodies 30 and 31 of the control box are connected by countersunk head screws 36 at the four corners, and an annular groove is provided on the upper end surface of the lower box body 31 of the control box to store the conductive rubber strip 34. The air supply port of the solenoid valve 40 is connected to the air suction port of the vacuum pump 32, the air release port is connected to the atmosphere inside the box, and the output port is connected to the air outlet of the right-angle air passage of the air path adapter 24. The control circuit board 33 is respectively connected to the vacuum pump 32, the solenoid valve 40, the electrical connection joint 38, and the signal lamp 35. The control module 3 receives the voltage and input command signal transmitted by the seat through the electrical connection joint 38. After the circuit board 33 receives the input signal, the relay outputs a switch signal to control the start and stop of the vacuum pump 32, the solenoid valve 40, and the signal lamp 35. The air suction system in the control module performs air extraction or air release treatment on the inner cavity of the adhesion module, realizing the fixation or separation of the helmet and the seat headrest. The bionic adhesion effect of the adhesion material layer 22 and the negative pressure adsorption effect of the adsorption sealing layer 23 jointly achieve protective effects such as large bearing capacity and strong sealing performance.

[0026] The using method of the head and neck protection device against dynamic impact of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0027] (1) After the acceleration module inside the seat is powered on, it receives acceleration data and performs filtering and correction. At the same time, it continuously detects the status signal of the manual control switch to determine whether to activate the protection device. When the vehicle is in a normal operating state such as uniform speed, slow acceleration, or deceleration, the protection equipment does not work, and the helmet and the seat headrest are in a separated state;

[0028] (2) When the vehicle encounters special situations such as sudden stops or rear-end collisions, the occupant faces a large forward inertial load. After the acceleration data in the control module meets the start output condition, the protection equipment enters the adsorption working state. The occupant wears the helmet and actively leans against the adhesion module on the seat headrest. The air suction system in the control box module performs air extraction work to lock the helmet and the seat headrest. If the acceleration data transmission fails or other special situations are encountered, the protection device can also be activated by toggling the manual safety switch;

[0029] (3) After the inertial load is reduced and the acceleration data meets the condition to turn off the output, the protection device exits the working state. The exhaust system in the control module performs air release work, the multi-bionic adhesion unit makes contact and locks, and the helmet detaches from the adsorption device, restoring the free movement state. In case of special situations such as failed acceleration data transmission or failed detachment, the protection device can also be turned off by toggling the manual safety switch.

[0030] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: Under the action of the control module 3, the multi-bionic adhesion module 2 has three corresponding states, namely the non-working state, the working protection state, and the response-completed detachment state. In the non-working state, the double-layer adhesion unit does not contact the helmet, and the helmet can move freely without restriction on the displacement of the occupant's head and neck; in the working protection state, the double-layer adhesion unit contacts the helmet, and the vacuum pump 32 in the control module 3 starts to pump air. The double-layer adhesion unit is no longer connected to the atmospheric pressure. Under the negative pressure difference, the helmet is completely attached to the bionic adhesion material layer 22. The wedge-shaped sealing structure of the outer adsorption sealing layer is pressed tightly against the helmet, and the spherical rod 26 acts as a support to resist the head and prevent further backward displacement. At this time, the adsorption preparation work is completed, and the adhesion module starts to limit the excessive forward tilt of the head. The protection device described in the present invention can effectively absorb and disperse huge inertial loads in the working state, protecting the head and neck of the occupant from fatigue damage; when the inertial load on the occupant is reduced, the adhesion module enters the response-completed detachment state, the vacuum pump 32 in the control module 3 stops pumping air, the solenoid valve 40 quickly opens to release air, the inner cavity of the double-layer adhesion unit restores the atmospheric pressure, the adhesion module separates from the helmet, and the helmet can move freely again.

[0031] The specific adhesion process of the head and neck protection device against dynamic impact described in the present invention is as follows: The occupant's head actively leans on the adhesion module, and the adhesion module is pressed passively on the helmet to form a closed internal cavity. The bionic adhesion structure is internally attached to the contact surface of the helmet. Since the air pressure in the inner cavity is much lower than the external air pressure, a negative pressure difference is formed. At this time, under the action of the negative pressure difference, the bionic adhesion structure firmly adheres to the helmet. When the bionic adhesion structure is loaded, it will first pull up the outer adsorption sealing layer, causing the outer structure to slide and be loaded first, while the inner structure does not slide. At this stage, the bionic adhesion unit adheres to the contact surface and obtains a new force balance under the action of the surface pressure and the external effective inertial load force. At the same time, affected by the pressure difference, the external adsorption sealing layer presses the inner bionic adhesion material layer tightly against the helmet surface, thereby maximizing the adhesion effect. During the loading process, the adhesion module can swing around the spherical rod by a certain angle, and together with the flexible deformation of the double-layer adhesion unit to a certain extent, this reduces the discomfort of the occupant's head and neck caused by forced reverse pulling force. When quickly detaching, just press the safety switch to start making the pressure difference inside and outside the adhesion module zero. At this time, the protection device starts to detach, and at the same time the adhesion decreases, the protection device separates from the helmet, and the head can move freely.

[0032] Through the control module of the embodiments of the present invention, the height adjustment of the adsorption capacity of the adhesion module is realized, ensuring that the air control device can continuously and stably provide sufficient air extraction capacity under the working state, ensuring that the air pressure in the inner cavity of the adhesion unit is continuously maintained at the desired value, and can also be quickly switched to the non-working state. In addition, the multiple bionic adhesion units adopt a combination of dry adhesion and differential pressure adhesion. The two-layer structure works together to maximize the adhesion effect and can dynamically adapt to the adsorption surfaces with various curvature radii. Furthermore, the adhesion module of the embodiments of the present invention is light in weight, simple in design, small in structural size, and convenient to replace, and is suitable for integration and installation in the limited space of the seat.

Claims

1. A head and neck protection device for resisting dynamic impact, characterized in that: The invention comprises a helmet (1), an adhesion module (2), a control module (3) and a seat headrest (4); the control module (3) is installed inside the seat headrest (4); the adhesion module (2) comprises an adsorption adapter (21), an adhesion material layer (22), an adsorption sealing layer (23) and an air path conversion head (24); the adhesion material layer (22) is installed in a stepped groove on the inner surface of the adsorption sealing layer (23) through the adsorption adapter (21); the tail end of the adsorption adapter (21) is connected to the air path conversion head (24); the airway of the air path conversion head (24) is connected to the central airway of the adsorption adapter (21) to form a passage; the air path conversion head (24) is connected to an electrical connector (38) of the control module (3); when the vacuum pump (32) of the control module (3) is in operation, the adhesion material layer (22) generates a vacuum near one side of the helmet, adsorbs the helmet (1), and reduces the inertial load of the helmet (1).

2. The head and neck protection device against dynamic impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesion module (2) further comprises a rubber pad (25), a spherical rod (26), a reverse nut (27) and a thin sheet nut (28); the ball head end of the spherical rod (26) is fixed to the air path conversion head (24) through the reverse nut (27), a rubber pad (25) is provided between the ball head end and the air path conversion head (24), and the tail end of the spherical rod (26) is fixed to the seat headrest (4) through the thin sheet nut (28).

3. The head and neck protection device against dynamic impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module (3) comprises a vacuum pump (32), a control circuit board (33), an electrical connection connector (38) and a solenoid valve.

4. The head and neck protection device for resisting dynamic impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive material layer (22) and the adsorption sealing layer (23) are both circular at one end close to the helmet, and both are provided with a central hole.

5. The head and neck protection device for resisting dynamic impact according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tail end of the gas path conversion head (24) is provided with an external threaded column base for placing the ball head end, and a spherical groove is provided inside the column base.

6. The head and neck protection device for resisting dynamic impact according to claim 3, characterized in that: The airway of the airway conversion head (24) is a right-angle airway.

7. A method for using the head and neck protection device for resisting dynamic impact according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) When the head and neck protection device is in a non-working state, the solenoid valve (40) in the control module (3) is in a normally open state, the vacuum pump (32) is not working, the signal light (35) is off, the helmet (1) and the seat headrest (4) are in a separated state, and the head and neck protection device does not hinder the movement of the head and neck; (2) When facing a forward inertial load, after the acceleration data in the control module (3) meets the start output condition, the head and neck protection device enters an adsorption working state, the solenoid valve (40) in the control box is in a closed state, the vacuum pump (32) starts working, and the helmet (1) is adsorbed on the adhesion module (2) on the seat headrest (4); (3) After the inertial load reduction is completed, the acceleration data meets the shutdown output condition, the head and neck protection device exits the working state, the normally open solenoid valve (40) in the control module (3) is opened, the vacuum pump (32) is turned off, and the helmet (1) is detached from the adhesion module (2) to restore the free movement state.

8. The method for using the head and neck protection device against dynamic impact according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step (1) is specifically as follows: in a non-working state before the inertial load arrives, the inertial navigation measurement module of the seat senses the inertial load in advance, and the control module (3) is in a non-working state before the system determines that the protection device meets the start-up conditions; a manual switch device of the seat is designed to prevent the inertial navigation module from causing the protection device to be erroneously started due to perception errors or signal interference, and the occupant can give "adsorption" and "detachment" instructions by operating the manual switch to directly control the start and stop of the protection device.

9. The method for using the head and neck protection device against dynamic impact according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step (2) is specifically as follows: before the forward inertial load arrives, the system determines that the protective device meets the start-up conditions, the helmet (1) actively sticks backward to the vicinity of the adhesion module (2), the control module (3) is started, and the control circuit board (33) in the box body controls the vacuum pump (32) to perform a vacuum operation. Under the action of pre-pressure and negative pressure, the adhesion module (2) is locked to the surface of the helmet (1), and the helmet (1) is coupled with the seat headrest (4).

10. The method for using the head and neck protection device against dynamic impact according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step (3) is as follows: after the inertial load is eliminated, the system determines that the protective device meets the closing condition, the control module (3) is in a non-working state, the vacuum pump (32) in the box body stops pumping air, the solenoid valve (40) opens, the adhesion module (2) releases adsorption, and the helmet (1) and the seat headrest (4) are separated; the occupant can give an adsorption or detachment instruction by operating the manual switch to directly control the start and stop of the protective device.

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