Preparation method of crop leaf fertilizer nutrient solution prepared from enzymolysis earthworm protein preparation

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of an enzymolysis earthworm protein preparation crop leaf fertilizer nutrient solution, which comprises the following steps: S1, cleaning earthworms, preparing the cleaned earthworms into earthworm slurry, and injecting the earthworm slurry into a reaction kettle; s2, adding amylase and glucanase, injecting into a reaction kettle, heating to 80 DEG C, keeping the temperature for 16-19 hours, then adding xylanase, B mannanase and cellulase, and keeping the temperature at 80 DEG C for 6 hours to prepare the earthworm protein enzymatic hydrolysate. The nutrient solution has the advantage of being convenient to use, and the problems that in the using process of an existing crop leaf fertilizer nutrient solution, the absorption efficiency of crops on nutrients is poor, small molecule peptides and free amino acids which are difficult to absorb by plants reduce the utilization efficiency of the nutrient solution, the plants are inconvenient to resist diseases and insect pests and adverse environmental conditions, and the use cost is low are solved. And the loss of crops is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly to a preparation method of an enzyme-hydrolyzed earthworm protein preparation crop foliar fertilizer nutrient solution. Background Art

[0002] Crop foliar fertilizer nutrient solution belongs to a kind of fertilizer, which is a fertilizer directly sprayed on the leaves of plants, aiming to provide nutrients for crops to be quickly absorbed. This fertilization method can quickly supplement the nutrients required by plants. Especially when some nutrient components in the soil are insufficient or the root absorption is difficult due to environmental factors, the foliar fertilizer can play a key role.

[0003] The enzyme-hydrolyzed earthworm protein preparation crop foliar fertilizer nutrient solution utilizes various components beneficial to plant growth rich in earthworms. Earthworms decompose organic substances through their digestive systems. Their bodies contain rich enzymes, amino acids, minerals and other trace elements, which are all important elements for promoting the healthy growth of plants. This nutrient solution is obtained by treating earthworms through a specific enzyme hydrolysis technology. The enzyme hydrolysis process can effectively decompose the macromolecular proteins in earthworms into smaller molecular peptides and free amino acids and other nutrient components that are more easily absorbed by plants. These components can be directly absorbed through the plant leaves, thereby quickly supplementing the nutrients required by plants, enhancing the disease resistance and adaptability of plants, and promoting plant growth.

[0004] During the use of the existing crop foliar fertilizer nutrient solution, the absorption efficiency of nutrients by crops is poor. Small molecular peptides and free amino acids that are difficult for plants to absorb reduce the utilization efficiency of the nutrient solution, and it is not convenient to help plants resist pests, diseases and adverse environmental conditions, increasing the losses of crops. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of an enzyme-hydrolyzed earthworm protein preparation crop foliar fertilizer nutrient solution, which has the advantage of being easy to use, and solves the problems that during the use of the existing crop foliar fertilizer nutrient solution, the absorption efficiency of nutrients by crops is poor, small molecular peptides and free amino acids that are difficult for plants to absorb reduce the utilization efficiency of the nutrient solution, and it is not convenient to help plants resist pests, diseases and adverse environmental conditions, increasing the losses of crops.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A preparation method of an enzyme-hydrolyzed earthworm protein preparation crop foliar fertilizer nutrient solution, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Wash the earthworms and prepare them into earthworm slurry, and inject the earthworm slurry into the reaction kettle;

[0008] S2. Add amylase and dextranase into the reaction kettle, heat it to 80 °C, keep it at a constant temperature for 16 - 19 hours, then add xylanase, B-mannanase and cellulase, and keep it at a constant temperature of 80 °C for 6 hours to prepare an earthworm protease hydrolysate;

[0009] S3. Mix the earthworm protease hydrolysate, amino acid compound solution, boric acid and urea in proportion, stir evenly, then add xanthan gum to adjust the viscosity and add surfactant to enhance the dispersibility to prepare a nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer;

[0010] S4. Sterilize the nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer using high-temperature short-time sterilization equipment.

[0011] Preferably, as a preparation method of the nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer of an enzymatically hydrolyzed earthworm protein preparation of the present invention, the ratio of amylase and dextranase to earthworm slurry is 5:5:100, and the ratio of xylanase, B-mannanase and cellulase to earthworm slurry is 5:5:5:100.

[0012] Preferably, as a preparation method of the nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer of an enzymatically hydrolyzed earthworm protein preparation of the present invention, the amino acid compound solution comprises raw materials in the following weight parts: 18 - 25 parts of glutamic acid, 22 - 27 parts of aspartic acid, 8 - 10 parts of lysine, 9 - 13 parts of threonine, 4 - 7 parts of glycine, 7 - 9 parts of proline, and 8 - 10 parts of tryptophan.

[0013] Preferably, as a preparation method of the nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer of an enzymatically hydrolyzed earthworm protein preparation of the present invention, the ratio of the earthworm protease hydrolysate, amino acid compound solution, boric acid and urea is 250:100:2:70:7:7.

[0014] Preferably, as a preparation method of the nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer of an enzymatically hydrolyzed earthworm protein preparation of the present invention, when sterilizing the nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer, use the pasteurization method to sterilize the nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer, and after sterilization, package and seal the nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer for storage.

[0015] As a preferred method for preparing an enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer nutrient solution for crops of the present invention, when the earthworms are washed, the collected earthworms are first placed in a washing device, the washing device uses clean water to wash the earthworms, and the washing device has a built-in vibrating screen, the earthworms are located on the vibrating screen, and the soil and small particles of impurities attached to the earthworms are removed by vibration, the earthworms after preliminary washing are placed in a container filled with clean water and soaked for 15-30 minutes, allowing the earthworms to naturally excrete the dirt in the body, the water is replaced 3-5 times during the soaking period, and the soaking is stopped after the water is clear, and after soaking, the earthworms are rinsed with clean water for 1-5 times to ensure that their surface is clean, and finally, the washed earthworms are placed in a draining net frame to drain the earthworms, and after the draining is completed, the earthworms are placed in a hot air drying device, and the hot air drying device dries the moisture on the surface of the earthworms.

[0016] As a preferred method for preparing an enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer nutrient solution for crops of the present invention, when preparing earthworm slurry after washing the earthworms, the earthworms are first soaked in ice water at 0-4°C to inhibit enzyme activity and soften tissues by low temperature, and then under sterile conditions, the body cavity is cut open along the ventral surface of the earthworms, the intestines and reproductive organs are picked out, and only the body wall tissue rich in enzymes and collagen is retained.

[0017] As a preferred method for preparing an enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer nutrient solution for crops of the present invention, the processed earthworms are assembled and placed into a meat grinder, and ice cubes are added to the meat grinder to avoid excessive processing temperature, and the earthworm tissue is processed into particles of 50-200 microns by the meat grinder.

[0018] As a preferred method for preparing an enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer nutrient solution for crops of the present invention, earthworm particles and buffer solution are poured into a homogenizer and fully mixed. The pH value of the buffer solution is 6-7. During the mixing process, a low-temperature cooling medium flows inside the built-in cooling system of the homogenizer, so that the temperature inside the homogenizer is maintained at 0-4°C to avoid high temperature destroying the enzyme activity.

[0019] As a preferred method for preparing an enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer nutrient solution for crops of the present invention, during the mixing process, 0.1-0.5% vitamin C or ascorbic acid is also added inside the homogenizer to inhibit oxidative damage. After the mixing is completed, the earthworm paddle is poured into a filtering device with a built-in filter screen and a filter element. The filter screen and the filter element filter large particles in the earthworm paddle. The filter screen has a filtering diameter of 10 microns, and the filter element has a filtering diameter of 5 microns. The filtered earthworm paddle is extracted into a pasteurization device and maintained at a temperature of 60-65°C for 20-30 minutes to sterilize the mixed solution and reduce enzyme inactivation.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention adopts a step-by-step enzymatic hydrolysis process from amylase and dextranase to xylanase, β-mannanase and cellulase to decompose polysaccharides and cellulose in earthworms layer by layer, fully releasing active substances such as amino acids and small peptides in earthworm protein. The enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency is increased by more than 30%. Pasteurization avoids the destruction of earthworm protease and amino acids by high temperature and retains the biological activity of the nutrient solution. The earthworm protease hydrolysate provides small peptides and free amino acids, which can be directly absorbed by plants, promoting chlorophyll synthesis and cell division. Boric acid participates in cell wall formation and pollen tube germination. Urea provides a quick-acting nitrogen source, enhancing the photosynthesis efficiency. Xanthan gum thickener improves the adhesiveness and slow-release property of the nutrient solution. The surfactant enhances leaf permeability and improves nutrient utilization rate. Using earthworms as raw materials reduces the use of chemically synthesized fertilizers, conforming to the development trend of green agriculture. The earthworm body waste can be further converted into organic fertilizer through composting, realizing full-chain resource utilization. This foliar fertilizer nutrient solution can be directly used for fruits, vegetables and cash crops, promoting yield increase and quality improvement, and having no risk of chemical residues, avoiding soil compaction and environmental pollution.

[0022] 2. The present invention uses a vibrating screen to physically separate the soil particles on the surface of earthworms, combined with multiple water changes and soaking to thoroughly remove the feces and impurities in the body, avoiding secondary pollution. The purity of earthworm slurry is increased by 20 - 30%, and the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency is significantly improved. By quickly removing the surface moisture of earthworms, the subsequent processing time is shortened, and at the same time, the growth of miscellaneous bacteria caused by a humid environment is avoided. Soaking in ice water inhibits the protease activity of earthworms themselves and prevents the degradation of body wall proteins. After removing the intestines and reproductive organs, the retention rate is increased, and the protease content is increased by 10 - 20%. By retaining the body wall tissue rich in enzymes and collagen, the interference of impurities such as lipids and nucleic acids in the internal organs on the stability of the enzyme hydrolysate is avoided. The earthworm particles are broken into 50 - 200 microns at a low temperature environment to reduce protein denaturation caused by mechanical shear. The homogenizer is equipped with a cooling system to maintain the temperature, and vitamin C is used for antioxidant, greatly improving the enzyme activity retention rate. A 10μm filter screen is used to remove large particle impurities, and a 5μm filter element ensures that the enzyme hydrolysate is delicate and uniform, and the fluidity is significantly improved, which is beneficial for foliar spraying. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1 , a preparation method of an enzyme-hydrolyzed earthworm protein preparation for crop foliar fertilizer nutrient solution, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1. Wash the earthworms and prepare them into earthworm slurry, and inject the earthworm slurry into the reaction kettle;

[0026] S2. Add amylase and dextranase into the reactor, heat it to 80 °C, keep it at a constant temperature for 16 - 19 hours, then add xylanase, β-mannanase and cellulase, and keep it at a constant temperature of 80 °C for 6 hours to prepare earthworm protease hydrolysate;

[0027] S3. Mix the earthworm protease hydrolysate with the amino acid compound solution, boric acid and urea in proportion, stir evenly, then add xanthan gum to adjust the viscosity and add surfactant to enhance the dispersibility to prepare the nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer;

[0028] S4. Sterilize the nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer using sterilization equipment.

[0029] Furthermore, the ratio of amylase and dextranase to earthworm slurry is 5:5:100, and the ratio of xylanase, β-mannanase and cellulase to earthworm slurry is 5:5:5:100.

[0030] Furthermore, the amino acid compound solution includes raw materials in the following weight parts: 18 - 25 parts of glutamic acid, 22 - 27 parts of aspartic acid, 8 - 10 parts of lysine, 9 - 13 parts of threonine, 4 - 7 parts of glycine, 7 - 9 parts of proline, and 8 - 10 parts of tryptophan.

[0031] Furthermore, the ratio of earthworm protease hydrolysate to the amino acid compound solution, boric acid and urea is 250:100:2:70:7:7.

[0032] Furthermore, when sterilizing the nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer, use pasteurization to sterilize the nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer, and after sterilization, package and store the nutrient solution for crop foliar fertilizer in a sealed manner.

[0033] Glutamic acid and aspartic acid mainly focus on plant stress resistance and metabolic regulation, lysine, threonine and tryptophan ensure protein synthesis and reproductive development, and glycine and proline strengthen cell membrane stability and immune function.

[0034] When earthworm protease hydrolysate, amino acid compound solution, boric acid, urea, xanthan gum, and surfactant are in the foliar fertilizer nutrient solution, the earthworm protease hydrolysate provides active enzymes and small molecule amino acids, directly participates in plant metabolism, repairs the soil microenvironment, and enhances the inhibitory effect of earthworm protease on pests and diseases. The amino acid compound solution supplements essential amino acids and functional amino acids, makes up for the deficiency of single amino acids in the soil, and avoids antagonism. Boric acid synergizes with tyrosine in earthworm protease to promote pollen germination and pollination success rate, and prevent and treat wheat powdery mildew and tobacco mosaic disease. Urea provides a slow-release nitrogen source, avoids rapid loss or volatilization of nitrogen in the soil, and enhances plant stress resistance when compounded with amino acids. Xanthan gum, as a thickener, stabilizes the viscosity of the nutrient solution, prevents stratification and precipitation, and delays the degradation rate of the fertilizer in the environment. The surfactant reduces the liquid surface tension, enhances the spreading and permeability of the fertilizer on the leaf surface, and improves the absorption efficiency of the enzyme hydrolysate and amino acids.

[0035] By adopting a stepwise enzymatic hydrolysis process from amylase and dextranase to xylanase, B-mannanase, and cellulase, the polysaccharides and cellulose in earthworms are decomposed layer by layer, and the active substances such as amino acids and small peptides in earthworm protein are fully released. The enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency is increased by more than 30%. Pasteurization avoids the destruction of earthworm protease and amino acids by high temperature and retains the biological activity of the nutrient solution. The earthworm protease hydrolysate provides small molecule peptides and free amino acids, which can be directly absorbed by plants, promotes chlorophyll synthesis and cell division. Boric acid participates in cell wall formation and pollen tube germination. Urea provides a quick-acting nitrogen source and enhances photosynthesis efficiency. The xanthan gum thickener improves the adhesion and slow-release properties of the nutrient solution. The surfactant enhances leaf permeability and improves nutrient utilization rate. Using earthworms as raw materials reduces the use of chemically synthesized fertilizers, conforms to the development trend of green agriculture. The earthworm body waste can be further converted into organic fertilizer through composting to achieve full-chain resource utilization. This foliar fertilizer nutrient solution can be directly used for fruits, vegetables, and cash crops to promote yield increase and quality improvement, and there is no risk of chemical residue, avoiding soil compaction and environmental pollution.

[0036] Further, when washing the earthworms, first place the collected earthworms in a cleaning device. The cleaning device uses clean water to wash the earthworms, and there is a vibrating screen inside the cleaning device. The earthworms are located on the vibrating screen, and the soil and small particle impurities attached to the earthworms are removed by vibration. Put the preliminarily washed earthworms into a container filled with clean water and soak them for 15 - 30 minutes to let the earthworms naturally discharge the dirt in their bodies. Replace the water 3 - 5 times during the soaking period until the water quality is clear and then stop soaking. After soaking, wash the earthworms with clean water 1 - 5 times to ensure their surface is clean. Finally, place the washed earthworms in a draining wire frame to drain the water from the earthworms. After draining, put the earthworms into a hot air drying device, and the hot air drying device dries the moisture on the surface of the earthworms.

[0037] Furthermore, when the earthworms are washed and prepared into earthworm pulp, the earthworms are first soaked in ice water at 0-4°C to inhibit enzyme activity and soften tissues through low temperature. Then, under sterile conditions, the body cavity is cut open along the ventral surface of the earthworms, and the intestines and reproductive organs are picked out, leaving only the body wall tissue rich in enzymes and collagen.

[0038] Furthermore, the processed earthworms are assembled and placed into a meat grinder, and ice cubes are added into the meat grinder to prevent the processing temperature from being too high. The earthworm tissue is processed into particles of 50-200 microns through the meat grinder.

[0039] Furthermore, the earthworm particles and buffer solution are poured into the homogenizer for thorough mixing. The pH value of the buffer solution is 6-7. During the mixing process, a low-temperature cooling medium flows inside the built-in cooling system of the homogenizer, so that the temperature inside the homogenizer is maintained at 0-4°C to prevent high temperature from destroying the enzyme activity.

[0040] Furthermore, during the mixing process, 0.1-0.5% vitamin C or ascorbic acid is added to the homogenizer to inhibit oxidative damage. After the mixing is completed, the earthworm paddle is poured into a filtering device with a built-in filter screen and filter element. The filter screen and filter element filter the large particles in the earthworm paddle. The filter screen has a filtration diameter of 10 microns and the filter element has a filtration diameter of 5 microns. The filtered earthworm paddle is extracted into a pasteurization device and maintained at a temperature of 60-65°C for 20-30 minutes to sterilize the mixed liquid and reduce enzyme inactivation.

[0041] By using a vibrating screen to physically separate the soil particles on the surface of the earthworms, combined with multiple water changes and soaking, the feces and impurities in the body are completely removed to avoid secondary pollution. The purity of the earthworm slurry is increased by 20-30%, and the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency is significantly improved. By quickly removing the moisture on the surface of the earthworms, the subsequent processing time is shortened, and the growth of miscellaneous bacteria caused by a humid environment is avoided. Ice water soaking is used to inhibit the activity of the earthworm's own protease and prevent the degradation of the body wall protein. After removing the intestines and reproductive organs, the retention rate is improved and the protease content is increased by 10-20%; by retaining the body wall tissue rich in enzymes and collagen, impurities such as lipids and nucleic acids in the internal organs are avoided from interfering with the stability of the enzymatic solution. The earthworm particles are broken into 50-200 microns in a low temperature environment to reduce protein denaturation caused by mechanical shearing. The homogenizer has a built-in cooling system to maintain the temperature. Combined with vitamin C antioxidant, the enzyme activity retention rate is greatly improved. A 10μm filter is used to remove large particles of impurities, and a 5μm filter element ensures that the enzymatic solution is delicate and uniform, and the fluidity is significantly improved, which is conducive to foliar spraying.

[0042] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer nutrient solution for crops, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, washing the earthworms and preparing earthworm slurry, and injecting the earthworm slurry into the reactor; S2, add amylase and glucanase into the reactor, heat to 80°C, keep the temperature constant for 16-19 hours, then add xylanase, B mannanase and cellulase, keep the temperature constant at 80°C for 6 hours, and prepare earthworm protein hydrolysate; S3, mixing the earthworm protein hydrolysate with the amino acid compound liquid, boric acid and urea in proportion, stirring evenly, then adding xanthan gum to adjust the viscosity, adding a surfactant to enhance the dispersibility, and preparing a nutrient solution for foliar fertilizer of crops; S4. Use sterilization equipment to sterilize the nutrient solution of foliar fertilizer for crops.

2. The method for preparing a nutrient solution of enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the amylase and glucanase to the earthworm pulp is 5:5:100, and the ratio of the xylanase, B mannanase and cellulase to the earthworm pulp is 5:5:5:

100.

3. The method for preparing a nutrient solution of enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amino acid compound solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-25 parts of glutamic acid, 22-27 parts of aspartic acid, 8-10 parts of lysine, 9-13 parts of threonine, 4-7 parts of glycine, 7-9 parts of proline and 8-10 parts of tryptophan.

4. The method for preparing a nutrient solution of enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the earthworm protein hydrolysate to the amino acid compound solution, boric acid and urea is 250:100:2:70:7:

7.

5. The method for preparing a nutrient solution of enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: When sterilizing the nutrient solution of foliar fertilizer for crops, the pasteurization method is used to sterilize the nutrient solution of foliar fertilizer for crops, and after the sterilization is completed, the nutrient solution of foliar fertilizer for crops is packaged and sealed for storage.

6. The method for preparing a nutrient solution of enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the earthworms are washed, first the collected earthworms are placed in a washing device, the washing device uses clean water to wash the earthworms, and the washing device has a built-in vibrating screen, the earthworms are located on the vibrating screen, and the dirt and small particles of impurities attached to the earthworms are removed by vibration, the earthworms after preliminary washing are placed in a container filled with clean water and soaked for 15-30 minutes, allowing the earthworms to naturally excrete the dirt in their bodies, the water is replaced 3-5 times during the soaking period, and the earthworms are no longer soaked until the water is clear, and after soaking, the earthworms are rinsed with clean water for 1-5 times to ensure that their surface is clean, and finally, the washed earthworms are placed in a draining net frame to drain the earthworms, and after the draining is completed, the earthworms are placed in a hot air drying device, and the hot air drying device dries the moisture on the surface of the earthworms.

7. The method for preparing a nutrient solution of enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the earthworms are washed and prepared into earthworm slurry, the earthworms are first soaked in ice water at 0-4°C to inhibit enzyme activity and soften tissues through low temperature. Then, under sterile conditions, the body cavity is cut open along the ventral surface of the earthworms, the intestines and reproductive organs are picked out, and only the body wall tissue rich in enzymes and collagen is retained.

8. The method for preparing a nutrient solution of enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer for crops according to claim 7, characterized in that: Put the processed earthworms into the meat grinder, add ice cubes inside the meat grinder to avoid excessive processing temperature, and process the earthworm tissue into particles of 50-200 microns through the meat grinder.

9. The method for preparing a nutrient solution of enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer for crops according to claim 8, characterized in that: Pour the earthworm particles and buffer into the homogenizer and mix them thoroughly. The pH value of the buffer is 6-7. During the mixing process, the low-temperature cooling medium flows inside the built-in cooling system of the homogenizer, so that the temperature inside the homogenizer is maintained at 0-4°C to avoid high temperature destroying the enzyme activity.

10. The method for preparing an enzymatic earthworm protein preparation foliar fertilizer nutrient solution for crops according to claim 9, characterized in that: During the mixing process, 0.1-0.5% vitamin C or ascorbic acid is added to the homogenizer to inhibit oxidative damage. After mixing, the earthworm paddle is poured into the filtration equipment, which has a built-in filter screen and filter element. The filter screen and filter element filter the large particles in the earthworm paddle. The filter screen has a filtration diameter of 10 microns and the filter element has a filtration diameter of 5 microns. The filtered earthworm paddle is extracted into the pasteurization equipment and maintained at a temperature of 60-65°C for 20-30 minutes to sterilize the mixed liquid and reduce enzyme inactivation.

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