Desert rainwater collection irrigation system based on photovoltaic panel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rainwater collection irrigation, and discloses a photovoltaic panel-based desert rainwater collection irrigation system which comprises a foundation and an equipment support fixedly mounted on the surface of the foundation, the equipment support is of a stepped structure, a photovoltaic panel body is obliquely and fixedly mounted at the high position of the equipment support, and the system further comprises a first sweeping mechanism. The ecological sand-based filter membrane is arranged and connected among the driving roller, the first driven rollers and the second driven rollers in a sleeving mode, the ecological sand-based filter membrane can be driven to rotate in the rain collecting groove along with intermittent rotation of the driving roller, then sand grains accumulated on the surface of the ecological sand-based filter membrane are brought to the surface of a sand guiding plate on one side of equipment, and then the sand grains are collected through a sand collecting box; rainwater drained into the rainwater collecting groove by the photovoltaic panel body can quickly enter the rainwater collecting cavity, and the situation that the rainwater collecting efficiency is reduced due to the influence of a large number of sand grains is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rainwater harvesting irrigation, and particularly to a desert rainwater harvesting irrigation system based on photovoltaic panels. Background Art

[0002] Constructing a photovoltaic power station in a desert environment can not only form an ecological cycle and improve the local desert environment, but also convert solar energy into electrical energy. The agricultural and livestock products of the photovoltaic power station can also bring certain economic benefits. The additional products of some power stations have exceeded the cost of desert photovoltaics, and the operation and maintenance costs of the photovoltaic power station have been greatly reduced. Since most deserts are arid and semi-arid regions, the annual rainfall is mostly less than 400 mm. Due to the scarce rain and perennial drought, the survival rate of vegetation is low, and the effect of sand control and fixation is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a desert rainwater harvesting irrigation system based on photovoltaic panels to fully collect and utilize natural rainfall for deep irrigation and improve the survival rate of desert-planted vegetation.

[0003] In the prior art, a photovoltaic panel rainwater harvesting irrigation device (publication number: CN219108358U) can achieve the purpose of directly using rainwater to irrigate the plants at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel in time by setting a water seepage pipe communicated with a rainwater collection tank and laying the water seepage pipe near the roots of the plants under the photovoltaic panel, without the need to use a water pump for irrigation, reducing the irrigation difficulty of the plants at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel. However, a retaining net for preventing impurities from entering the water seepage connecting pipe and the water storage connecting pipe is arranged at the connection of the rainwater collection tank. After using a retaining net style that can block sand grains, due to the sandy environment in the desert, the retaining net will be blocked, so the efficiency of collecting rainwater during precipitation will be greatly reduced. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the disadvantages existing in the prior art, and to propose a desert rainwater harvesting irrigation system based on photovoltaic panels.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A desert rainwater harvesting irrigation system based on photovoltaic panels includes a foundation and an equipment support fixedly installed on the surface of the foundation. The equipment support has a stepped structure, and a photovoltaic panel body is fixedly installed obliquely at a high place. The system further includes:

[0007] A first cleaning mechanism, which is arranged on the surface of the photovoltaic panel body and is used for the daily maintenance of the photovoltaic panel body;

[0008] Rainwater collection tank, which is fixedly installed at the top of one side of the equipment support. A rainwater collection cavity is provided in the rainwater collection tank. Through holes penetrating the bottom of the rainwater collection tank are provided on both sides of the rainwater collection cavity. The rainwater collection cavity has a structure with higher ends and lower middle. A plurality of second driven rollers are linearly and evenly rotatably installed in the rainwater collection tank. A plurality of anti-sand skins are fixedly riveted on the periphery of the rainwater collection tank and the surface of the equipment support. A driving roller and a plurality of first driven rollers are provided below the rainwater collection tank. The driving roller and the plurality of first driven rollers are rotatably installed between two corresponding anti-sand skins;

[0009] Ecological sand-based filter membrane, which is in a strip structure and sleeved between the driving roller, the plurality of first driven rollers and the plurality of second driven rollers. The driving roller is connected to the first cleaning mechanism through a transmission mechanism;

[0010] Tensioning mechanism, which is arranged at the bottom of the rainwater collection tank and is used to maintain the tension degree of the ecological sand-based filter membrane. A second cleaning mechanism for cleaning the sand particles on the surface of the ecological sand-based filter membrane is provided in the tensioning mechanism.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the first cleaning mechanism includes scraping bars and sliders fixedly installed at both ends of the scraping bars. A limiting bar is provided on one side of each slider close to the photovoltaic panel body, and a limiting square block is provided on the other side of each slider. First chutes adapted to the limiting bars are symmetrically provided on both sides of the equipment support. Both ends of each first chute are in an open structure. The two sliders are slidably installed in the two first chutes. The bottom of the scraping bar abuts against the surface of the photovoltaic panel body.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the first cleaning mechanism further includes two first transmission rods and two second transmission rods. The two first transmission rods and the two second transmission rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the photovoltaic panel body. One side of the bottom end of the second transmission rod is rotatably installed on the surface of the anti-sand skin. The first transmission rod and the second transmission rod are rotatably connected. A second chute penetrating the outer surface is provided on the surface of the first transmission rod. The second chute is in the shape of a waist-shaped hole and is adapted to the limiting square block on the surface of the slider. The first transmission rod is vertically slidably sleeved on the surface of the slider.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear and a one-way bearing. One end of the first transmission shaft passes through the equipment support and is fixedly installed at the rotation center of the bottom end of the corresponding second transmission rod. The first transmission shaft is rotatably installed on the surface of the equipment support. The one-way bearing is nested on the surface of the other end of the first transmission shaft. A first bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer diameter surface of the one-way bearing. One end of the second transmission shaft passes through the anti-sand skin and is fixedly installed at the rotation center of the driving roller. A second bevel gear is fixedly installed at the other end of the second transmission shaft. The second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, a laminate is fixedly installed at the inner bottom of the equipment support. A servo motor is fixedly installed on the top of the laminate. One end of the output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly installed at the rotation center of one end of the first transmission shaft. The periphery of the laminate abuts against the inner side of the sand-proof skin.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the bottoms of multiple pieces of the sand-proof skin all abut against the surface of the foundation. Two maintenance openings are provided in the sand-proof skin on one side of the rainwater collection tank. A maintenance door is hinged in each maintenance opening. Sand discharge openings are provided in the sand-proof skin on two opposite sides of the rainwater collection tank. A sand collection box is provided below each sand discharge opening. Each sand collection box is detachably and fixedly installed on the surface of the sand-proof skin. A sand guiding plate is fixedly installed obliquely in each sand discharge opening. A sand blocking plate is fixedly installed between the two sand guiding plates. The sand blocking plate is in a V-shaped structure and is used for collecting the water on the surface of the ecological sand base filter membrane.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention, drainage pipes are fixedly installed on the other two opposite sides of the rainwater collection tank. Each drainage pipe is provided with two water inlet ends and one water outlet end. The two water inlet ends respectively pass through the rainwater collection tank and the sand-proof skin and are located in the water collection cavity and on the top of the sand blocking plate. A water storage cylinder is fixedly installed at the water outlet end of each drainage pipe. A plurality of capillary droppers are connected to the bottom surface of each water storage cylinder. An ecological sand base plate is fixedly embedded in each sand collection box. The bottom of each sand collection box is communicated with the inside of the water storage cylinder through a water pipe.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention, the tensioning mechanism includes an electric telescopic rod and a moving support. A tensioning roller is rotatably installed in the moving support. The surface of the tensioning roller abuts against the surface of the ecological sand base filter membrane. The moving support is slidably installed at the bottom of the rainwater collection tank. The electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rainwater collection tank. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on one side of the moving support.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention, the second cleaning mechanism includes a strip-shaped box. A scraping block is slidably installed in the strip-shaped box. A plurality of springs are linearly fixedly installed at the bottom of the scraping block. The other ends of the plurality of springs are fixedly installed at the inner bottom of the strip-shaped box. The top end of the scraping block continuously abuts against the surface of the ecological sand base filter membrane.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. By setting the ecological sand-based filter membrane to be sleeved between the driving roller, multiple first driven rollers, and multiple second driven rollers, as the driving roller rotates intermittently, it can drive the ecological sand-based filter membrane to rotate in the rainwater collection tank, and then bring the sand grains accumulated on its surface to the surface of the sand guiding plate on one side of the device, and then collect them through the sand collecting box, so that the rainwater drained from the photovoltaic panel body into the rainwater collection tank can quickly enter the rainwater collection cavity, effectively avoiding the reduction of the rainwater collection efficiency caused by the influence of a large amount of sand grains;

[0021] 2. By setting the tensioning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism, the tensioning mechanism can adjust its tension according to the deformation of the ecological sand-based filter membrane, so that it can rotate smoothly. When the ecological sand-based filter membrane passes through the tensioning mechanism during rotation, it will also pass through the scraping block in the second cleaning mechanism to scrape the sand grains on the membrane surface, avoiding the sand grains remaining on the membrane surface and increasing the wear and tear during the rotation of the ecological sand-based filter membrane, and improving the service life of the device;

[0022] 3. By setting the first cleaning mechanism, it cleans the surface of the photovoltaic panel body driven by the servo motor, avoiding the influence of sand grain accumulation on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel body and the rainwater drainage efficiency. By setting the one-way bearing, the first bevel gear, and the second bevel gear, the servo motor drives the second transmission rod to swing reciprocally through the first transmission shaft, and then drives the scraping strip to slide up and down on the surface of the photovoltaic panel body, while driving the second bevel gear to rotate intermittently, and then driving the driving roller to rotate intermittently, realizing the linkage between the rotation of the ecological sand-based filter membrane and the first cleaning mechanism, reducing the investment in driving equipment, lowering the use cost of the device, and improving the linkage consistency of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a desert rainwater collection and irrigation system based on a photovoltaic panel proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic bottom view structural diagram of a desert rainwater collection and irrigation system based on a photovoltaic panel proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram of part A in

[0026] Figure 4 It is Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram of part B in

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic split structural diagram of the first cleaning mechanism of a desert rainwater collection and irrigation system based on a photovoltaic panel proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tensioning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism of a desert rainwater collection and irrigation system based on a photovoltaic panel proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a desert rainwater harvesting and irrigation system based on a photovoltaic panel proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 is Figure 7 Enlarged structure diagram of part C in

[0031] In the figure: 1, foundation; 2, equipment support; 201, first chute; 3, photovoltaic panel body; 4, first cleaning mechanism; 401, sand scraping strip; 402, first transmission rod; 403, second chute; 404, slider; 405, second transmission rod; 5, rainwater collection tank; 6, ecological sand-based filter membrane; 7, sand-proof skin; 701, sand outlet; 8, maintenance door; 9, sand collection box; 901, ecological sand substrate board; 10, water storage cylinder; 11, capillary dropper; 12, drainage pipe; 13, laminate; 14, first transmission shaft; 15, one-way bearing; 16, first bevel gear; 17, servo motor; 18, second bevel gear; 19, second transmission shaft; 20, driving roller; 21, first driven roller; 22, second driven roller; 23, tensioning roller; 24, moving support; 25, electric telescopic rod; 26, strip box; 27, sand scraping block; 28, sand guiding plate; 29, spring; 30, sand blocking plate. Specific embodiments

[0032] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0035] Reference Figures 1-8 , a desert rainwater harvesting and irrigation system based on a photovoltaic panel, comprising a foundation 1 and a device support 2 fixedly installed on the surface of the foundation 1. The device support 2 has a stepped structure, and a photovoltaic panel body 3 is fixedly installed obliquely at a high position. It further includes: a first cleaning mechanism 4, which is arranged on the surface of the photovoltaic panel body 3 and is used for the daily maintenance of the photovoltaic panel body 3; a rainwater collection trough 5, which is fixedly installed at the top of one side of the device support 2. A rainwater collection cavity is formed in the rainwater collection trough 5, and through holes penetrating the bottom of the rainwater collection trough 5 are formed on both sides of the rainwater collection cavity. The rainwater collection cavity has a structure with high ends and a low middle. A plurality of second driven rollers 22 are rotatably installed linearly and evenly in the rainwater collection trough 5. A plurality of anti-sand skins 7 are fixedly riveted around the rainwater collection trough 5 and on the surface of the device support 2. A driving roller 20 and a plurality of first driven rollers 21 are arranged below the rainwater collection trough 5. The driving roller 20 and the plurality of first driven rollers 21 are rotatably installed between two corresponding anti-sand skins 7; an ecological sand-based filter membrane 6, which has a strip structure and is sleeved between the driving roller 20, the plurality of first driven rollers 21 and the plurality of second driven rollers 22. The driving roller 20 is connected to the first cleaning mechanism 4 through a transmission mechanism; a tensioning mechanism, which is arranged at the bottom of the rainwater collection trough 5 and is used to maintain the tension of the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6. A second cleaning mechanism for cleaning the sand particles on the surface of the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6 is arranged in the tensioning mechanism.

[0036] During use, by setting the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6 to be sleeved between the driving roller 20, the plurality of first driven rollers 21 and the plurality of second driven rollers 22, and the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6 is an innovative filter material made of sand with a pore diameter of about 0.1 micrometers, which only allows water molecules to pass through, while large particle impurities such as sediment will be intercepted. As the driving roller 20 rotates intermittently, it can drive the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6 to rotate in the rainwater collection trough 5, and then bring the sand particles accumulated on its surface to the surface of the sand guiding plate 28 on one side of the device, and then collect them through the sand collection box 9, so that the rainwater drained from the photovoltaic panel body 3 into the rainwater collection trough 5 can quickly enter the rainwater collection cavity, effectively avoiding the reduction of the rainwater collection efficiency due to the influence of a large amount of sand particles.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first cleaning mechanism 4 includes a sand scraping strip 401 and sliders 404 fixedly installed at both ends of the sand scraping strip 401. A limiting strip is provided on one side of each slider 404 close to the photovoltaic panel body 3, and a limiting square block is provided on the other side of each slider 404. First chutes 201 adapted to the limiting strips are symmetrically formed on both sides of the equipment support 2. Both ends of each first chute 201 are of an open structure. The two sliders 404 are slidably installed in the two first chutes 201. The bottom of the sand scraping strip 401 abuts against the surface of the photovoltaic panel body 3. The first cleaning mechanism 4 further includes two first transmission rods 402 and two second transmission rods 405. The two first transmission rods 402 and the two second transmission rods 405 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the photovoltaic panel body 3. One side of the bottom end of the second transmission rod 405 is rotatably installed on the surface of the sand-proof skin 7. The first transmission rod 402 is rotatably connected to the second transmission rod 405. A second chute 403 penetrating through its outer surface is formed on the surface of the first transmission rod 402. The second chute 403 is in the shape of a waist-shaped hole and is adapted to the limiting square block on the surface of the slider 404. The first transmission rod 402 is vertically slidably sleeved on the surface of the slider 404. The transmission mechanism includes a first transmission shaft 14, a second transmission shaft 19, a first bevel gear 16, a second bevel gear 18 and a one-way bearing 15. One end of the first transmission shaft 14 passes through the equipment support 2 and is fixedly installed at the rotation center of the corresponding bottom end of the second transmission rod 405. The first transmission shaft 14 is rotatably installed on the surface of the equipment support 2. The one-way bearing 15 is nested on the surface of the other end of the first transmission shaft 14. A first bevel gear 16 is fixedly sleeved on the outer diameter surface of the one-way bearing 15. One end of the second transmission shaft 19 passes through the sand-proof skin 7 and is fixedly installed at the rotation center of the driving roller 20. A second bevel gear 18 is fixedly installed at the other end of the second transmission shaft 19. The second bevel gear 18 meshes with the first bevel gear 16. A layer plate 13 is fixedly installed at the inner bottom of the equipment support 2. A servo motor 17 is fixedly installed on the top of the layer plate 13. The output end of the servo motor 17 is fixedly installed at the rotation center of one end of the first transmission shaft 14. The periphery of the layer plate 13 abuts against the inner side of the sand-proof skin 7. The bottoms of multiple sand-proof skins 7 all abut against the surface of the foundation 1. Two inspection openings are formed in the sand-proof skin 7 on one side of the rainwater collection tank 5. An inspection door 8 is hinged in each inspection opening. Sand outlets 701 are formed in the sand-proof skins 7 on two opposite sides of the rainwater collection tank 5. A sand collection box 9 is provided below each sand outlet 701. Each sand collection box 9 is detachably fixedly installed on the surface of the sand-proof skin 7. A sand guiding plate 28 is fixedly installed obliquely in each sand outlet 701. A sand blocking plate 30 is fixedly installed between the two sand guiding plates 28. The sand blocking plate 30 is in a V-shaped structure for collecting the water on the surface of the ecological sand base filter membrane 6. Drainage pipes 12 are fixedly installed on the other two opposite sides of the rainwater collection tank 5. Each drainage pipe 12 is provided with two water inlet ends and one water outlet end. The two water inlet ends respectively pass through the rainwater collection tank 5 and the sand-proof skin 7 and are located in the water collection cavity and on the top of the sand blocking plate 30. A water storage cylinder 10 is fixedly installed at the water outlet end of each drainage pipe 12. Multiple capillary droppers 11 are connected to the bottom surface of each water storage cylinder 10.An ecological sand substrate 901 is fixedly embedded in each sand collection box 9, and the bottom of each sand collection box 9 is communicated with the inside of the water storage cylinder 10 through a water pipe.

[0038] During use, by setting the first cleaning mechanism 4, the surface of the photovoltaic panel body 3 is cleaned under the drive of the servo motor 17, avoiding the influence of sand accumulation on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel body 3 and the drainage efficiency of rainwater. By setting the one-way bearing 15, the first bevel gear 16 and the second bevel gear 18, the servo motor 17 drives the second transmission rod 405 to swing reciprocally through the first transmission shaft 14, thereby driving the scraping strip 401 to slide up and down on the surface of the photovoltaic panel body 3. At the same time, the second bevel gear 18 is driven to rotate intermittently, and then the driving roller 20 is driven to rotate intermittently, realizing the linkage between the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6 and the first cleaning mechanism 4, reducing the investment in driving equipment, reducing the use cost of the equipment, and improving the linkage consistency of the equipment.

[0039] By setting the sand collection box 9, it can be used to collect the sand scraped by the equipment and perform infiltration filtration again through the ecological sand substrate 901. The ecological sand substrate 901 is made of the same material as the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6, so that the moisture in the wet sand can flow into the water storage cylinder 10, further improving the effect of rainwater collection by the equipment. At the same time, it can also prevent the sand scraped from being scattered around the equipment randomly. It only needs to transfer the dry sand in the sand collection box 9 to the designated stacking position after rain, improving the convenience of equipment use.

[0040] In this embodiment, the tensioning mechanism includes an electric telescopic rod 25 and a moving bracket 24. A tensioning roller 23 is rotatably installed in the moving bracket 24, and the surface of the tensioning roller 23 abuts against the surface of the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6. The moving bracket 24 is slidably installed at the bottom of the rain collection trough 5. The electric telescopic rod 25 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rain collection trough 5, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 25 is fixedly installed on one side of the moving bracket 24. The second cleaning mechanism includes a strip-shaped box 26. A scraping block 27 is slidably installed in the strip-shaped box 26. A plurality of springs 29 are linearly fixedly installed at the bottom of the scraping block 27, and the other ends of the plurality of springs 29 are fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the strip-shaped box 26. The top end of the scraping block 27 continuously abuts against the surface of the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6.

[0041] In use, by setting the tensioning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism, the tensioning mechanism can adjust its tension according to the deformation of the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6, enabling it to rotate smoothly. When the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6 rotates and passes through the tensioning mechanism, it will also pass through the scraping block 27 in the second cleaning mechanism to scrape off the sand particles on the membrane surface, preventing sand particles from remaining on the membrane surface and increasing the wear and tear during the rotation of the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6, thus improving the service life of the equipment. By setting the spring 29, when the strip box 26 moves with the moving bracket 24, the scraping block 27 can always be in contact with the surface of the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6, keeping the ecological sand-based filter membrane 6 clean after sand unloading before entering the equipment interior.

[0042] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A desert rainwater harvesting irrigation system based on photovoltaic panels, comprising a foundation (1) and an equipment support (2) fixedly mounted on the surface of the foundation (1), wherein the equipment support (2) is a stepped structure and a photovoltaic panel body (3) is fixedly mounted at a high position in an inclined manner, characterized in that: Also includes: A first cleaning mechanism (4), the first cleaning mechanism (4) being arranged on the surface of the photovoltaic panel body (3), and the first cleaning mechanism (4) being used for daily maintenance of the photovoltaic panel body (3); A rain collecting trough (5), the rain collecting trough (5) is fixedly installed on the top of one side of the equipment support (2), a rain collecting cavity is provided in the rain collecting trough (5), through holes penetrating the bottom of the rain collecting trough (5) are provided on both sides of the rain collecting cavity, the rain collecting cavity is of a structure with high ends and low middle, a plurality of second driven rollers (22) are linearly and evenly installed in the rain collecting trough (5), a plurality of anti-sand skins (7) are fixedly riveted around the rain collecting trough (5) and on the surface of the equipment support (2), a driving roller (20) and a plurality of first driven rollers (21) are provided below the rain collecting trough (5), the driving roller (20) and the plurality of first driven rollers (21) are both rotatably installed between two corresponding anti-sand skins (7); An ecological sand-based filter membrane (6), the ecological sand-based filter membrane (6) is in a belt-like structure and is sleeved between a driving roller (20), a plurality of first driven rollers (21) and a plurality of second driven rollers (22), and the driving roller (20) is connected to the first cleaning mechanism (4) via a transmission mechanism; A tensioning mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rainwater collecting trough (5) and is used to maintain the tension of the ecological sand-based filter membrane (6). A second cleaning mechanism is arranged inside the tensioning mechanism and is used to clean sand particles on the surface of the ecological sand-based filter membrane (6).

2. The desert rainwater harvesting irrigation system based on photovoltaic panels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first cleaning mechanism (4) comprises a sand scraping bar (401) and sliders (404) fixedly mounted at both ends of the sand scraping bar (401), each of the sliders (404) being provided with a limit bar on one side close to the photovoltaic panel body (3), and each of the sliders (404) being provided with a limit block on the other side, first slide grooves (201) adapted to the limit bars are symmetrically provided on both sides of the equipment support (2), and both ends of each of the first slide grooves (201) are open structures, and two sliders (404) are slidably mounted in the two first slide grooves (201), and the bottom of the sand scraping bar (401) is against the surface of the photovoltaic panel body (3).

3. The desert rainwater harvesting irrigation system based on photovoltaic panels according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first cleaning mechanism (4) further comprises two first transmission rods (402) and two second transmission rods (405), the two first transmission rods (402) and the two second transmission rods (405) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the photovoltaic panel body (3), one side of the bottom end of the second transmission rod (405) is rotatably mounted on the surface of the anti-sand skin (7), the first transmission rod (402) and the second transmission rod (405) are rotatably connected, the surface of the first transmission rod (402) is provided with a second slide groove (403) penetrating the outer surface thereof, the second slide groove (403) is in the shape of a waist groove hole and is adapted to the limiting block on the surface of the slider (404), and the first transmission rod (402) is slidably sleeved on the surface of the slider (404) in a vertical state.

4. The desert rainwater harvesting irrigation system based on photovoltaic panels according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The transmission mechanism comprises a first transmission shaft (14), a second transmission shaft (19), a first bevel gear (16), a second bevel gear (18) and a one-way bearing (15); one end of the first transmission shaft (14) passes through the equipment bracket (2) and is fixedly installed at the rotation center of the bottom end of the corresponding second transmission rod (405); the first transmission shaft (14) is rotationally installed on the surface of the equipment bracket (2); the one-way bearing (15) is nested in the other end surface of the first transmission shaft (14); the first bevel gear (16) is fixedly sleeved on the outer diameter surface of the one-way bearing (15); one end of the second transmission shaft (19) passes through the anti-sand cover (7) and is fixedly installed at the rotation center of the active roller (20); the other end of the second transmission shaft (19) is fixedly installed with the second bevel gear (18); the second bevel gear (18) is meshed with the first bevel gear (16).

5. The desert rainwater harvesting irrigation system based on photovoltaic panels according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A layer plate (13) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the equipment support (2), a servo motor (17) is fixedly mounted on the top of the layer plate (13), an output end of the servo motor (17) is fixedly mounted on the rotation center of one end of the first transmission shaft (14), and the layer plate (13) is abutted against the inner side of the sand-proof skin (7) on all sides.

6. The desert rainwater harvesting irrigation system based on photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottoms of the plurality of sand-proof skins (7) are all against the surface of the foundation (1); the sand-proof skin (7) on one side of the rainwater collecting trough (5) is provided with two inspection openings, each of which is hinged with an inspection door (8); the sand-proof skins (7) on two opposite sides of the rainwater collecting trough (5) are provided with sand outlets (701); a sand collecting box (9) is provided below each of the sand outlets (701); each of the sand collecting boxes (9) can be detachably fixedly installed on the surface of the sand-proof skin (7); a sand guide plate (28) is fixedly installed in an inclined manner in each of the sand outlets (701); a sand retaining plate (30) is fixedly installed between the two sand guide plates (28); the sand retaining plate (30) is in a V-shaped structure and is used to collect moisture on the surface of the ecological sand-based filter membrane (6).

7. The desert rainwater harvesting irrigation system based on photovoltaic panels according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Drainage pipes (12) are fixedly installed on the other two opposite sides of the rain collecting trough (5), and each of the drainage pipes (12) is provided with two water inlet ends and one water outlet end. The two water inlet ends respectively pass through the rain collecting trough (5) and the anti-sand skin (7) and are located at the top of the water collecting cavity and the sand retaining plate (30). A water storage cylinder (10) is fixedly installed on the water outlet end of each drainage pipe (12), and a plurality of capillary droppers (11) are connected to the bottom surface of each water storage cylinder (10). An ecological sand base plate (901) is fixedly embedded in each sand collecting box (9), and the bottom of each sand collecting box (9) is connected to the inside of the water storage cylinder (10) through a water pipe.

8. The desert rainwater harvesting irrigation system based on photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning mechanism comprises an electric telescopic rod (25) and a movable bracket (24); a tensioning roller (23) is rotatably mounted inside the movable bracket (24); the surface of the tensioning roller (23) abuts against the surface of the ecological sand-based filter membrane (6); the movable bracket (24) is slidably mounted on the bottom of the rain collecting trough (5); the electric telescopic rod (25) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rain collecting trough (5); and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (25) is fixedly mounted on one side of the movable bracket (24).

9. The desert rainwater harvesting irrigation system based on photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cleaning mechanism comprises a strip box (26), a sand scraping block (27) is slidably mounted inside the strip box (26), a plurality of springs (29) are linearly fixedly mounted on the bottom of the sand scraping block (27), the other ends of the plurality of springs (29) are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the strip box (26), and the top end of the sand scraping block (27) continuously contacts the surface of the ecological sand-based filter membrane (6).

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