Cantilever type heading machine, heading system and heading method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunneling equipment, in particular to a cantilever type tunneling machine, a tunneling system and a tunneling method.The cantilever type tunneling machine comprises a tunneling machine body, anchoring assemblies, first moving assemblies, a spraying assembly and a second moving assembly, and the first moving assemblies and the anchoring assemblies are arranged on the two sides of the tunneling machine body in the width direction; the anchoring assembly is arranged on the first moving assembly, the first moving assembly can rotate relative to the heading machine body so that the anchoring assembly can anchor and support a roadway top plate or a roadway side, the spraying assembly is arranged on the first moving assembly or the second moving assembly, and the second moving assembly is arranged at the top of the heading machine body. The cantilever type tunneling machine provided by the invention can support while tunneling, so that the tunneling speed is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunneling equipment, and in particular, to a boom-type roadheader, a tunneling system and a tunneling method. Background Art

[0002] During the process of roadway tunneling, due to the damage of the surrounding rock during tunneling, the stress of the surrounding rock changes, and it is necessary to support the surrounding rock in time. For example, in the tunneling process, a boom-type roadheader and a roof bolter are set separately. First, coal is cut and then the machines are moved to pass each other for support. The boom-type roadheader cuts coal, and the cutting part throws a small part of the cut coal onto the scraper plate. The roadheader moves its body, and the scraper plate shovels most of the cut coal. Then the boom-type roadheader retreats, passes by the roof bolter, and the roof bolter enters the newly excavated and unsupported area to complete all ordinary bolt or cable support and manual laying of metal mesh.

[0003] In the related art, an on-board roof bolter boom is integrated on a boom-type roadheader, and there is no need to pass each other. Two ordinary bolter booms are integrated on the boom-type roadheader. The boom-type roadheader cuts coal, and the cutting part throws a small part of the cut coal onto the scraper plate. The roadheader moves its body, and the scraper plate shovels most of the cut coal. Then the boom-type roadheader is moved to the center line of the roadway, and the two roof bolter booms are slid in front of the roadheader to complete all ordinary bolt / cable support and manual laying of metal mesh. However, during tunneling, the full-anchorage support takes a long time, and the support speed is delayed compared with the tunneling speed, thus affecting the tunneling progress. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The boom-type roadheader provided by the present application can support while tunneling, thereby improving the tunneling speed.

[0005] The boom-type roadheader according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0006] A roadheader body;

[0007] An anchoring assembly and a first moving assembly. The first moving assembly and the anchoring assembly are both provided on two sides in the width direction of the roadheader body. The anchoring assembly is arranged on the first moving assembly, and the first moving assembly is rotatable relative to the roadheader body so that the anchoring assembly can perform anchoring support on the roadway roof or the roadway sidewall;

[0008] A spraying assembly and a second moving assembly. The spraying assembly is arranged on the first moving assembly or the second moving assembly, and the second moving assembly is arranged on the top of the roadheader body.

[0009] The boom-type roadheader provided by the present application can support while tunneling, thereby improving the tunneling speed.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first moving component includes a first telescopic component, a first rotating component, and a second rotating component. The first telescopic component is connected to the roadheader body, the other end of the first telescopic component is connected to the first rotating component, and the other end of the second rotating component is connected to one end of the second rotating component.

[0011] An anchoring component is provided at the other end of the second rotating component, and / or an anchoring component and the spraying component are provided at the other end of the second rotating component, and the first rotating component and the second rotating component are rotatable relative to the roadheader body in the height direction and the width direction of the roadheader body.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second moving component includes a second telescopic component, the spraying component includes a rotating component and a spraying part. The rotating component is provided at the end of the second telescopic component or the second rotating component away from the roadheader, and the output end of the rotating component is connected to the spraying part.

[0013] In some embodiments, the roadheader further includes a cutting component, a scraper plate component, and a conveyor component. The cutting component and the scraper plate are provided at the front end of the roadheader body. The cutting component and the scraper plate component are arranged at intervals in the height direction of the roadheader. The output end of the scraper plate component is connected to the input end of the conveyor component, and the conveyor component penetrates the roadheader body along the length direction of the roadheader body.

[0014] In some embodiments, the cutting component includes a third telescopic member and a cutting member. The third telescopic member is provided on the roadheader, and the third telescopic member is connected to the cutting member.

[0015] In some embodiments, the conveyor component includes a conveyor part and a swinging tail. The input end of the conveyor part is connected to the output end of the scraper plate component, the output end of the conveyor part is rotatably connected to the swinging tail, and the swinging tail is swingable relative to the conveyor part in the width direction of the roadheader body.

[0016] In some embodiments, the spraying part includes a spraying robotic arm, a paint spraying tank, a feeding pump, and a spraying pump. The paint spraying tank, the feeding pump, and the spraying pump are provided on the roadheader body. The spraying robotic arm is provided on the first moving component or the second moving component. The paint spraying tank is connected to one end of the feeding pump, the other end of the feeding pump is connected to the spraying pump, and the other end of the spraying pump is connected to the spraying robotic arm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the number of the second moving components is multiple, and the multiple second moving components are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the roadheader body.

[0018] The tunneling system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0019] A roadheader, where the roadheader is the cantilever roadheader described in any one of the above;

[0020] A bolt loader assembly, where the bolt loader is arranged behind the cantilever roadheader to receive the materials output by the roadheader;

[0021] A self - advancing tail; the self - advancing tail is connected to the bolt loader assembly to receive the materials output by the bolt loader assembly.

[0022] The tunneling system provided by this application uses the above - mentioned cantilever roadheader, which can support while tunneling, thereby improving the tunneling speed.

[0023] In some embodiments, the bolt loader assembly includes a bolt loader component and a belt conveyor component.

[0024] The bolt loader component is arranged behind the roadheader to receive the materials output by the roadheader, and the other end of the bolt loader is connected to the belt conveyor. Or, the belt conveyor is a curved belt conveyor, and the belt conveyor runs through the bolt loader component along the length direction of the roadheader body, and the belt conveyor receives the materials output by the roadheader to convey the materials to the self - advancing tail.

[0025] The tunneling method of the tunneling system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0026] Dividing the tunneling roadway into a spraying support area, a basic bolt support area, and a full bolt support area in sequence according to the advancing direction of the roadheader;

[0027] Performing spraying support on the spraying support area in sequence, then performing partial bolt support on the basic anchorage area, and finally performing full bolt support on the full anchorage area.

[0028] The tunneling method of the tunneling system provided by this application can support while tunneling, thereby improving the tunneling speed.

[0029] In some embodiments, when spraying the surrounding rock of the roadway, first spray a first material, then spray a second material. After the roadheader tunnels a preset distance, construct bolts to pass through the first material and the second material and connect to the surrounding rock, and the structural strength of the first material is less than that of the second material. Description of the Drawings

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the spraying support area, the basic bolt support area, and the full bolt support area during the tunneling of the roadheader for the embodiments of the present application.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a cantilever roadheader provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the second moving component for the embodiments of the present application.

[0034] Figure 4 It is one of the top view schematic diagrams of a cantilever roadheader provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0035] Figure 5 It is another top view schematic diagram of a cantilever roadheader provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a tunneling system provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the spraying component for the embodiments of the present application.

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the first moving component for the embodiments of the present application.

[0039] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the spraying support and bolt support for the tunneling method of the embodiments of the present application.

[0040] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the spraying support area, the basic bolt support area, and the full bolt support area for the embodiments of the present application.

[0041] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the bolt, the first material, and the second material for the embodiments of the present application.

[0042] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the tunneling method for the embodiments of the present application.

[0043] Figure 13 It is a side view schematic diagram of a cantilever roadheader provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0044] Figure 14It is a schematic top view of the shotcrete bolt operation during the tunneling of the roadheader in the embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the shotcrete support area and the basic bolt support area during the shotcrete and bolt support operations when the roadheader in the embodiment of the present application is tunneling.

[0046] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the shotcrete support area when the roadheader in the embodiment of the present application is tunneling.

[0047] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0048] Roadheader body 1, anchoring assembly 2,

[0049] First moving assembly 3, first telescopic member 31, first rotating member 32, first rotating piece 321,, second rotating piece 322, second rotating member 33, third rotating piece 331, fourth rotating piece 332,

[0050] Shotcrete assembly 4, rotating member 41, shotcrete member 42, shotcrete robotic arm 421, shotcrete material tank 422, feeding pump 423, shotcrete pump 424,

[0051] Second moving assembly 5, second telescopic member 51,

[0052] Cutting member 6, third telescopic member 61, cutting piece 62,

[0053] Scraper plate member 7,

[0054] Conveyor component 8, conveyor part 81, swinging tail 82,

[0055] Surrounding rock 91, anchoring hole 92, second material 931, first material 932, bolt 94, rod body section 941, anchoring section 942, tray 943, pre-tightening nut 944,

[0056] Roadheader 10, bolt conveyor component 20, shotcrete support area 30, basic bolt support area 40, full bolt support area 50. Detailed implementation manners

[0057] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0058] It should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. The terms "mounted", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. The terms "parallel", "perpendicular", and "equal" include the described situations and situations similar to the described situations, and the range of the similar situations is within an acceptable deviation range, where the acceptable deviation range is determined by those of ordinary skill in the art considering the measurements being discussed and the errors associated with the measurements of specific quantities (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallel and approximate parallel, where the acceptable deviation range of approximate parallel can be, for example, within 5° deviation; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicular and approximate perpendicular, where the acceptable deviation range of approximate perpendicular can also be, for example, within 5° deviation. "Equal" includes absolute equal and approximate equal, where the acceptable deviation range of approximate equal can be, for example, that the difference between the two equal ones is less than or equal to 5% of either one. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0059] To enable those skilled in the art of the present technology to better understand the solution of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0060] The cantilever roadheader 10 of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a roadheader body 1, an anchoring assembly 2, a first moving assembly 3, a spraying assembly 4, and a second moving assembly 5. The first moving assembly 3 and the anchoring assembly 2 are provided on both sides in the width direction of the roadheader body 1. The anchoring assembly 2 is disposed on the first moving assembly 3. The first moving assembly 3 is rotatable relative to the roadheader body 1 so that the anchoring assembly 2 can perform anchoring support on the roadway roof or the roadway sidewall. The spraying assembly 4 is disposed on the first moving assembly 3 or the second moving assembly 5, and the second moving assembly 5 is disposed on the top of the roadheader body 1.

[0061] Specifically, as Figures 1 to 16As shown, the longitudinal direction of the roadheader body 1 is the front-back direction, the transverse direction of the roadheader body 1 is the left-right direction, and the vertical direction of the roadheader body 1 is the up-down direction.

[0062] An anchoring assembly 2 and a first moving assembly 3 are provided on the roadheader body 1. The first moving assembly 3 is arranged at the left and right ends of the roadheader body 1. The anchoring assembly 2 is arranged on the first moving assembly 3. The anchoring assembly 2 is suitable for supporting anchor rods on the roadway roof or the roadway sidewall. The spraying assembly 4 is arranged on the first moving assembly 3 or the second moving assembly 5. The first moving assembly 3 and the second moving assembly 5 move in the front-back direction so that the spraying assembly 4 sprays the just-excavated roof or the roadway sidewall. After the material to be sprayed is formed, or understood as after the roadheader 10 advances, the anchoring assembly 2 is used to support anchor rods on the sprayed roadway sidewall or the roof, that is, a small amount of anchor rod support is carried out on the sprayed area, that is, basic anchor rod support. When the roadheader 10 advances further, when the rear anchor rod transfer machine assembly advances to the basic anchor rod support area 40, reinforced anchor rod support is carried out on this area, that is, full anchor rod support.

[0063] Spraying support can ensure the safety of the area where no anchor rod support is applied, avoid flying gangue or roof deformation. At the same time, spraying support combined with a small amount of anchor rod support can ensure the safety of the area above and on both sides of the roadheader 10, and thus does not affect the forward excavation of the roadheader 10. When the anchor rod transfer machine assembly arranged behind the roadheader 10 moves to the previous anchored area, full anchor rod support is carried out on this area. That is, spraying support combined with all anchor rod support can improve the excavation speed while reducing roadway deformation and ensuring the long-term safety of the roadway.

[0064] For the boom-type roadheader 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, first, spraying support is carried out on the roadway roof or the roadway sidewall of the latest excavated area. When the roadheader 10 advances, basic anchor rod support is carried out on the sprayed area. Then, after the roadheader 10 moves forward again, the anchor rod transfer machine moves accordingly, and reinforced anchor rod support is carried out on the basic anchor rod support area 40, that is, full anchor rod support. That is, as the roadheader advances, the newly excavated area sequentially changes from the spraying support area 30 to the basic anchor rod support area 40, and finally becomes the full anchor rod support area 50, so as to carry out support while excavating, improve the support stability and safety during the excavation operation, balance the excavation operation and the support operation, avoid the support operation from affecting the excavation speed, and thus improve the excavation speed.

[0065] Through the cooperation of the roadheader 10 and the bolt transfer machine assembly, the tunneling area is first sprayed and supported, and then the anchoring assembly 2 on the roadheader 10 completes the basic support in the front, and the bolt transfer machine assembly completes the reinforcement support in the rear for the area after the sprayed support and the basic bolt support, that is, the full bolt support, which solves the problem of the long time-consuming of the bolt jumbo for passing each other in the traditional method. The roadheader 10 and the bolt transfer machine assembly complete the support operation together, each exerting its operation ability, without the need for passing each other to allow the bolt jumbo in the prior art to enter the newly excavated and unsupported area to complete all the ordinary bolt or cable bolt support and the manual laying of the metal mesh. It realizes that the full support is not completed by a single machine concentrated at the tunneling face, the operation rate of the equipment group is high, the support operation time is short, and the tunneling is not affected, thereby improving the tunneling speed.

[0066] At the same time, first spraying support is adopted, and then a small amount of bolt support is carried out on the area of the roof just formed above the roadheader 10 during tunneling to avoid the support operation affecting the tunneling speed. After subsequent advancement, the bolt transfer machine performs full bolt support on this area, which improves the tunneling speed of the roadheader 10. Through secondary anchoring, the anchoring operation is carried out in two times, avoiding the too long time required for one-time anchoring from affecting the tunneling operation and shortening the anchoring operation time.

[0067] Furthermore, the roadheader 10 does not move, and its tail is provided with a swingable conveyor cooperating with the bolt transfer machine assembly with a large hopper to realize coal transfer, reducing the time-consuming of manual coal loading for scattered coal and ensuring the smooth transfer of the coal flow.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first moving assembly 3 includes a first telescopic member 31, a first rotating member 32 and a second rotating member 33. The first telescopic member 31 is connected to the roadheader body 1, the other end of the first telescopic member 31 is connected to the first rotating member 32, and one end of the second rotating member 33 is connected to the other end of the second rotating member 33.

[0069] The other end of the second rotating member 33 is provided with an anchoring assembly 2, and / or, the other end of the second rotating member 33 is provided with an anchoring assembly 2 and a spraying assembly 4, and the first rotating member 32 and the second rotating member 33 are rotatable relative to the roadheader body 1 in the height direction and the width direction of the roadheader body 1.

[0070] Specifically, as Figures 1 to 16 shown, the first telescopic member 31 telescopes in the front-rear direction to move the spraying assembly 4 or the anchoring assembly 2 above the tunneling face of the roadheader 10 in the front-rear direction in time for spraying and anchoring, that is, for spraying support and bolt support on the newly excavated unsupported surrounding rock.

[0071] The first rotating member 32 includes a first rotating piece 321 and a second rotating piece 322. The first rotating piece 321 is arranged on the first telescopic member 31. The first telescopic member 31 telescopically moves in the front-rear direction to drive the first rotating piece 321 to move in the front-rear direction. The output end of the first rotating piece 321 is connected to the output end of the second rotating piece 322. The output end of the first rotating piece 321 rotates in the left-right direction, and the output end of the second rotating piece 322 rotates in the up-down direction.

[0072] The second rotating member 33 includes a third rotating piece 331 and a fourth rotating piece 332. The rear end of the third rotating piece 331 is connected to the front end of the second rotating piece 322. The output end of the third rotating piece 331 rotates in the left-right direction. The output end of the third rotating piece 331 is connected to the output end of the fourth rotating piece 332. The fourth rotating piece 332 rotates in the up-down direction. The fourth rotating piece 332 is connected to the spraying assembly 4 and the anchoring assembly 2. That is, the first rotating member 32 and the second rotating member 33 can rotate relative to the tunneling machine body 1 in the up-down direction or the left-right direction.

[0073] The first rotating piece 321, the second rotating piece 322, the third rotating piece 331, and the fourth rotating piece 332 can be existing rotating members, rotating components, rotating devices, or rotating apparatuses. For example, a hydraulic motor or a rotating oil cylinder, which are all prior arts and will not be elaborated herein.

[0074] The spraying assembly 4 is arranged on the first moving assembly or the second moving assembly. When arranged on the first moving assembly, the spraying assembly 4 and the anchoring assembly 2 are centrally installed on the same device or component, which can reduce the manufacturing cost and the volume.

[0075] When arranged on the second moving assembly 5, spraying and anchoring can operate independently without interference, with high support efficiency. And arranging them separately can improve the operation stability of the equipment, avoid the spraying and anchoring operations being affected due to the failure of the first moving assembly 3, and at the same time reduce the design cost.

[0076] In some embodiments, the second moving assembly 5 includes a second telescopic member 51. The spraying assembly 4 includes a rotating member 41 and a spraying member 42. The rotating member 41 is arranged at one end of the second telescopic member 51 or the second rotating member 33 away from the tunneling machine 10. The output end of the rotating member 41 is connected to the spraying member 42.

[0077] Specifically, as Figures 1 to 16As shown, the second telescopic member 51 telescopically moves in the front-rear direction to move the spraying assembly 4 in the front-rear direction. At the same time, the rotating member 41 rotates in the up-down direction to rotate the spraying member 42 in the up-down direction, so that the spraying member 42 sprays the top plate. Further, the second moving assembly 5 further includes a fifth rotating member and a sixth rotating member. At this time, the rotating member 41 is not connected to the second telescopic member 51. The rotating member 41 is connected to the upper end of the sixth rotating member. The rear end of the fifth rotating member is connected to the second telescopic member 51. The lower end of the sixth rotating member is connected to the upper end of the fifth rotating member. The fifth rotating member rotates in the up-down direction, and the sixth rotating member rotates in the left-right direction, so that the spraying robotic arm 421 rotates relative to the roadheader body 1 in the up-down direction or the left-right direction, thereby facilitating the spraying support of the spraying robotic arm 421 for the top plate or the roadway sidewall.

[0078] In the cantilever roadheader 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, by providing the second moving assembly 5, when the spraying assembly 4 is provided on the second moving assembly 5, it can move along the front-rear direction, so that the spraying assembly 4 sprays and supports the newly excavated area of the roadheader 10. In addition, by providing the fifth rotating member and the sixth rotating member, the fifth rotating member rotates in the up-down direction, and the sixth rotating member rotates in the left-right direction, so that the spraying robotic arm 421 rotates relative to the roadheader body 1 in the up-down direction or the left-right direction, thereby facilitating the spraying support of the spraying robotic arm 421 for the top plate or the roadway sidewall.

[0079] In some embodiments, the cantilever roadheader 10 further includes a cutting member 6, a scraper plate member 7, and a conveyor member 8. The cutting member 6 and the scraper plate are provided at the front end of the roadheader body 1. The cutting member 6 and the scraper plate member 7 are arranged at intervals in the height direction of the roadheader 10. The output end of the scraper plate member 7 is connected to the input end of the conveyor member, and the conveyor member penetrates the roadheader body 1 along the length direction of the roadheader body 1.

[0080] The cutting member 6 is responsible for crushing and cutting rocks or soil. The cutting member 6 is provided at the front end of the roadheader body 1, and the cutting member 6 is provided above the scraper plate member 7 so as to directly contact the material to be excavated and transfer the cut material to the scraper plate member 7. The cutting member 6 and the scraper plate member 7 are arranged at intervals in the height direction of the roadheader 10. At the same time, the tight connection between the scraper plate member 7 and the conveyor member enables the excavated fragments to be continuously and smoothly transferred from the cutting member 6 to the outside of the roadheader 10, thereby improving the overall working efficiency of the roadheader 10.

[0081] Further, the shovel plate component 7 includes a shovel plate, a bottom plate, and a telescopic oil cylinder. The telescopic oil cylinder is disposed on the bottom plate. The shovel plate is rotatably disposed on the bottom plate. The telescopic end of the telescopic oil cylinder is adjacent to the shovel plate. The telescopic oil cylinder extends and retracts in the front-rear direction to cause the shovel plate to rotate relative to the bottom plate, thereby causing the shovel plate to extend or contract in the left-right direction, so as to collect and transport the coal material on the entire roadway. The shovel plate component 7 can be a retractable shovel plate in the prior art to cope with the change in the width of the roadway, and collect the coal material newly excavated in the roadway by changing the size of the shovel plate in the left-right direction, so as to convey the coal material to the transfer machine component 8 on the roadheader body 1, and then convey it to the belt conveyor or the bolt transfer machine at the rear.

[0082] In some embodiments, the cutting component 6 includes a third telescopic member 61 and a cutting member 62. The third telescopic member 61 is disposed on the roadheader 10, and the third telescopic member 61 is connected to the cutting member 62. The third telescopic member 61 is disposed on the roadheader body 1, and the cutting member 62 is disposed at the front end of the third telescopic member 61. The cutting member 62 can be a longitudinal axis type cutting part of the existing roadheader 10 or a transverse axis type cutting part. When using the longitudinal axis type retractable cutting part for cutting and the retractable shovel plate for cooperation, coal falling and coal loading can be realized without moving the machine left and right, which takes a short time. When using the transverse axis type for cutting, the retractable shovel plate can be used for cooperation to realize coal falling and coal loading without moving the machine left and right, which takes a short time.

[0083] In some embodiments, the transfer machine component 8 includes a transfer machine part 81 and a swinging tail 82. The input end of the transfer machine part 81 is connected to the output end of the shovel plate component 7, and the output end of the transfer machine part 81 is rotatably connected to the swinging tail 82. The swinging tail 82 can swing relative to the transfer machine part 81 in the width direction of the roadheader body 1, and the swinging tail 82 can swing relative to the transfer machine part 81 in the left-right direction.

[0084] The oscillating tail 82 can swing left and right, enabling the roadheader 10 to adjust the angle between the oscillating tail 82 and the roadheader body 1 as needed during operation, so that materials can be smoothly transported to the rear bolt transfer machine assembly or belt conveyor, thus better adapting to different working environments and conditions. Under complex geological conditions, the roadheader 10 may need to frequently adjust its working posture. The design of the oscillating tail 82 enables the roadheader 10 to more flexibly cope with these challenges, ensuring the continuity and stability of the operation process. Further, the oscillating tail 82 can swing ±15° in the left and right directions relative to the roadheader body 1, enabling the roadheader 10 to adjust the position and direction of the scraper conveyor as needed during operation, thus better adapting to different roadway shapes and working conditions. In a complex roadway environment, the roadheader 10 will encounter various obstacles and irregularly shaped spaces. The swingable tail of the scraper conveyor can reduce direct collisions with these obstacles, thereby reducing the risk of equipment damage. By adjusting the swing angle of the tail of the scraper conveyor, the roadheader 10 can maintain a more reasonable posture during operation, reducing operation difficulties and efficiency reduction caused by improper equipment posture.

[0085] By providing the transfer machine component 8, the materials during the tunneling of the roadheader 10 can be output to the rear bolt transfer machine or belt conveyor. The transfer machine part 81 can be adapted to receive the coal material on the scraper plate part 7, and then transfer the coal material to the oscillating tail 82 part at the rear.

[0086] In some embodiments, the spraying component 42 includes a spraying robotic arm 421, a spraying material tank 422, a feeding pump 423, and a spraying pump 424. The spraying material tank 422, the feeding pump 423, and the spraying pump 424 are arranged on the roadheader body 1. The spraying robotic arm 421 is arranged on the first moving component 3 or the second moving component 5. The spraying material tank 422 is connected to one end of the feeding pump 423. The other end of the feeding pump 423 is connected to the spraying pump 424. The other end of the spraying pump 424 is connected to the spraying robotic arm 421. The spraying robotic arm 421 is arranged on the first moving component 3 or the second moving component 5 of the roadheader 10, which enables the spraying robotic arm 421 to move and adjust as needed during operation to achieve a more precise spraying effect.

[0087] The feeding pump 423 is used to extract the coating material from the spraying material tank 422 and transport it to the spraying pump 424. One end of the feeding pump 423 is connected to the spraying material tank 422, and the other end is connected to the spraying pump 424. The spraying pump 424 is used to receive the coating material from the feeding pump 423 and transport it to the spraying robotic arm 421 through high-pressure spraying. One end of the spraying pump 424 is connected to the feeding pump 423, and the other end is connected to the spraying robotic arm 421.

[0088] The coating is stored in the spray coating tank 422. The feeding pump 423 is started to pump the coating out of the spray coating tank 422 and convey it to the spray pump 424. The spray pump 424 receives the coating and conveys it to the spray robotic arm 421 through high-pressure spraying. The spray robotic arm 421 moves and adjusts according to the operation requirements to evenly spray the coating onto the target surface. The spray robotic arm 421 is adapted to spray a high-strength closed support material onto the surface of the surrounding rock of the roadway.

[0089] The spray robotic arm 421, the spray coating tank 422, the feeding pump 423 and the spray pump 424 are all arranged on the roadheader body 1, which improves the integration level of the roadheading and spraying support equipment, facilitates roadheading and support simultaneously, and improves the roadheading speed.

[0090] In some embodiments, the number of the second moving components 5 is multiple, and the multiple second moving components 5 are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the roadheader body 1. Correspondingly, the number of the spray components 4 can also be multiple, and at least one spray component 4 is arranged on the second moving component 5. The simultaneous operation of the multiple spray components 4 can significantly improve the spraying efficiency and shorten the operation time. By arranging the spray components 4 on different second moving components 5, multi-angle and all-round spraying operations can be realized, thereby enhancing the uniformity and coverage rate of spraying. The coordinated work of the multiple second moving components 5 and the spray components 4 can optimize the operation process of the roadheader 10, avoid the influence of the support operation on the roadheading process during the roadheading of the roadheader 10, make the cooperation between various components closer, and make the operation process smoother.

[0091] The roadheading system of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a roadheader 10 self-advancing tail and an anchor bolt transfer machine assembly. The roadheader 10 is the cantilever roadheader 10 of any one of the above. The anchor bolt transfer machine is arranged behind the cantilever roadheader 10 to receive the materials output by the roadheader 10.

[0092] The self-advancing tail is connected to the anchor bolt transfer machine assembly to receive the materials output by the anchor bolt transfer machine assembly.

[0093] An anchor bolt transfer machine assembly and a self-advancing tail are arranged behind the roadheader 10 to output the coal materials output by the roadheader 10 to the anchor bolt transfer machine assembly and then to the self-advancing tail, and then transport the materials. As the roadheader advances, the newly roadheaded area sequentially changes from the spray support area 30 to the basic anchor bolt support area 40, and finally to the full anchor bolt support area 50 for roadheading and support simultaneously.

[0094] That is to say, during tunneling, the cutting component 6 of the tunneling machine 10 is in contact with the roadway surface, and successively backward are the spraying support area 30, the basic bolt support area 40, and the full bolt support area 50. The spraying support area 30 is the newly tunneled area of the tunneling machine 10. Spraying support is carried out on the spraying support area 30, and spraying and basic anchoring are carried out on the basic support area. First, spraying support is carried out on the roadway roof or the roadway sidewall of the latest tunneled area. When the tunneling machine 10 advances, basic bolt support is carried out on the area where spraying support in the spraying support area is completed. Then, after the tunneling machine 10 moves forward again, the bolt transfer machine moves accordingly, and strengthening bolt support, that is, full bolt support, is carried out on the area where the basic bolt support area 40 is completed. The support stability and safety during tunneling operations are improved, the tunneling operation and the support operation are balanced, and the support operation is prevented from affecting the tunneling speed.

[0095] For example, when fully anchoring the roof, 6 bolts are required for support. However, due to the spraying support material in the basic support area, the amount of bolts used for support can be reduced to achieve the preset support effect. The anchoring component 2 on the tunneling machine 10 uses 2 to 4 bolts for support operations, and tunneling and support are carried out simultaneously without affecting the tunneling progress.

[0096] In the tunneling system according to the embodiment of the present invention, first, spraying support is carried out on the roadway roof or the roadway sidewall of the latest tunneled area. When the tunneling machine 10 advances, basic bolt support is carried out on the spraying area. Then, after the tunneling machine 10 moves forward again, the bolt transfer machine component moves accordingly, and strengthening bolt support, that is, full bolt support, is carried out on the basic bolt support area 40. The support stability and safety during tunneling operations are improved, the tunneling operation and the support operation are balanced, and the support operation is prevented from affecting the tunneling speed. At the same time, through secondary anchoring, the anchoring operation is carried out in two times, avoiding the influence of the too long time required for one-time anchoring on the tunneling operation and shortening the anchoring operation time.

[0097] In some embodiments, the bolt transfer machine component includes a bolt transfer machine part 20 and a belt conveyor part.

[0098] The bolt transfer machine part 20 is arranged behind the tunneling machine 10 to receive the materials output by the tunneling machine 10. The other end of the bolt transfer machine is connected to the belt conveyor. Alternatively, the belt conveyor is a curved belt conveyor, and the belt output machine penetrates through the bolt transfer machine part 20 along the length direction of the tunneling machine body 1. The belt conveyor receives the materials output by the tunneling machine 10 to transport the materials to the self-advancing tail.

[0099] Specifically, as Figures 1 to 16 shown, when the bolt transfer machine part 20 is arranged behind the tunneling machine 10 to receive the materials output by the tunneling machine 10 and the other end of the bolt transfer machine is connected to the belt conveyor, the coal during tunneling first enters the tunneling machine 10, then is transported to the bolt transfer machine part 20, and then is output to the self-advancing tail.

[0100] The belt conveyor is a curved belt conveyor. The belt conveyor runs through the bolt transfer machine component 20 along the length direction of the tunneling machine body 1, and the belt conveyor receives the materials output by the tunneling machine 10 to convey the materials to the self-advancing tail.

[0101] During tunneling, the coal materials first enter the belt conveyor component through the tunneling machine 10. Since the belt conveyor component is a curved belt conveyor, it does not affect the left-right movement operation of the bolt transfer machine component 20. The curved belt conveyor adopts a curved design, which can realize the continuous and efficient transfer of coal materials without affecting the left-right movement operation of the bolt transfer machine component 20. At this time, the bolt transfer machine component 20 is an existing straddle-type bolt trolley arranged on the curved belt conveyor, which will not be elaborated here again.

[0102] In the tunneling system according to the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging the tunneling machine 10, the bolt transfer machine component 20 and the belt conveyor, the tunneling machine 10, the bolt transfer machine component 20 and the belt conveyor can be arranged in sequence in the front-rear direction. Or, the belt conveyor is a curved belt conveyor, and the bolt transfer machine component 20 is arranged on the curved belt conveyor. When the curved belt conveyor is in use, it is convenient for the straddle-type bolt trolley to move in the left-right direction, improving the efficiency during anchoring. At the same time, by setting a straddle-type anchoring vehicle, the materials after tunneling can be directly transported to the self-advancing tail through the tunneling machine and the belt conveyor, improving the material transfer speed during tunneling.

[0103] The tunneling method of the tunneling system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes sequentially dividing the tunneling roadway into a spraying support area 30, a basic bolt support area 40 and a full bolt support area 50 according to the advancing direction of the tunneling machine.

[0104] The spraying support area 30 is sequentially sprayed and supported, then partial bolt support is carried out on the basic anchoring area, and finally full bolt support is carried out on the full anchoring area. For example, within the first preset range from the tunneling of the tunneling machine is the spraying support area 30, within the second preset range from the tunneling of the tunneling machine is the basic bolt support area 40, and within the third preset range from the tunneling of the tunneling machine is the full bolt support area 50.

[0105] Specifically, as Figure 6 shown, the tunneling machine first tunnels to form the spraying support area 30, and then sprays and supports while tunneling. When the tunneling machine advances a first preset distance, the anchoring component on the tunneling machine carries out basic anchoring support on the roadway roof or the roadway side, that is, a small amount of bolt support. Then, after the tunneling machine continues to advance a preset distance, full bolt support is carried out on the surrounding rock of the full anchoring area. It can be understood that the total number of bolts used in the full bolt support area 50 is greater than the number of bolts in the basic anchoring area. For example, if six bolts are used for anchoring in the basic bolt area, then two bolts are constructed in the full bolt support area 50, and the total number of bolts in the full bolt support area 50 is eight.

[0106] Furthermore, the previously excavated spraying area can be sprayed and supported. After the roadheader advances, the spraying support area 30 becomes the basic bolt support area 40 as the roadheader advances. A small amount of bolt support is carried out on the basic bolt support area 40, and then the roadheader advances again. The basic anchorage area becomes the full bolt support area 50 as it advances. After that, the full bolt support area 50 is reinforced to form a full bolt support.

[0107] That is, as the roadheader advances, the newly excavated area sequentially changes from the spraying support area 30 to the basic bolt support area 40 and finally to the full bolt support area 50 for simultaneous excavation and support.

[0108] Or during tunneling, the cutting component 6 of the roadheader 10 is in contact with the roadway surface, and successively backward are the spraying support area 30, the basic bolt support area 40, and the full bolt support area 50. The spraying support area 30 is the newly excavated area of the roadheader 10. Spraying support is carried out on the spraying support area 30, spraying and basic anchoring are carried out on the basic support area. First, the roadway roof or the roadway side of the latest excavated area is sprayed and supported. When the roadheader 10 advances, basic bolt support is carried out on the area where spraying in the spraying support area is completed. Then, after the roadheader 10 moves forward again, the bolt loader moves accordingly, and reinforced bolt support, that is, full bolt support, is carried out on the area where the basic bolt support area 40 is completed. The support stability and safety during tunneling operations are improved, the tunneling operation and the support operation are balanced, and the tunneling speed is prevented from being affected by the support operation.

[0109] The tunneling system provided by this application uses the above-mentioned cantilever roadheader, enabling simultaneous tunneling and support and improving the tunneling speed.

[0110] The tunneling system provided by this application can carry out simultaneous tunneling and support, improving the tunneling speed.

[0111] In some embodiments, when spraying the surrounding rock of the roadway, the first material 932 is sprayed first, and then the second material 931 is sprayed. After the roadheader tunnels a preset distance, construction bolts are driven through the first material 932 and the second material 931 to be connected to the surrounding rock, and the structural strength of the first material 932 is less than that of the second material 931.

[0112] Specifically, when spraying the newly excavated area of the roadheader, the first material 932 is sprayed first, and then the second material 931 is sprayed. During basic bolt support, construction bolts pass through the first material 932 and the second material 931 to be connected to the roadway surrounding rock to form a combination of bolt support and spraying support. Furthermore, during tunneling, a small number of bolts can be used to complete the temporary support during tunneling. That is, when the bolt loader component moves above the temporary support, that is, above the small number of bolts and the sprayed material support, the bolt loader component performs reinforced support, that is, additional bolt support, that is, full bolt support.

[0113] In the operation of bolt support, after the spraying gun and the anchoring assembly are moved to the position of the surrounding rock of the roadway to be supported, the spraying robotic arm can first spray the first material 93293 onto the broken surrounding rock 91, and then drill the anchoring hole 92 and fix the bolt 94 into the anchoring hole 92.

[0114] Among them, the bolt 92 has a rod body section 941, an anchoring section 942, a tray 943 and a pre-tightening nut 944. The rod body section 941 is connected to the anchoring section 942. The rod body section 941 and the anchoring section 942 extend into the anchoring hole 92. The other end of the rod body section 941 passes through the tray 943 and is connected to the pre-tightening nut 944. The circular edge of the tray 943 is fitted on the supporting material 93.

[0115] The above has introduced in detail a kind provided by the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A cantilever type tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: include: The tunnel boring machine body; An anchoring assembly and a first movable assembly, the first movable assembly and the anchoring assembly are provided on both sides of the tunnel boring machine body in the width direction, the anchoring assembly is arranged on the first movable assembly, and the first movable assembly can rotate relative to the tunnel boring machine body so that the anchoring assembly can anchor and support the tunnel roof or tunnel side; A spraying assembly and a second moving assembly, wherein the spraying assembly is arranged on the first moving assembly or the second moving assembly, and the second moving assembly is arranged on the top of the tunnel boring machine body.

2. The cantilever type tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first moving assembly includes a first telescopic component, a first rotating component and a second rotating component, the first telescopic component is connected to the tunnel boring machine body, the other end of the first telescopic component is connected to the first rotating component, and the other end of the second rotating component is connected to one end of the second rotating component. The other end of the second rotating component is provided with an anchor assembly, and / or the other end of the second rotating component is provided with an anchor assembly and the spray assembly, and the first rotating component and the second rotating component are rotatable relative to the tunnel boring machine body in the height direction of the tunnel boring machine body and the width direction of the tunnel boring machine body.

3. The cantilever type tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second moving component includes a second telescopic component, and the spraying component includes a rotating component and a spraying component. The rotating component is arranged at an end of the second telescopic component or the second rotating component away from the tunneling machine, and the output end of the rotating component is connected to the spraying component.

4. The cantilever type tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a cutting component, a shovel component and a transfer machine component, wherein the cutting component and the shovel are arranged at the front end of the tunnel boring machine body, the cutting component and the shovel component are arranged relatively spaced apart in the height direction of the tunnel boring machine, the output end of the shovel component is connected to the input end of the transfer component, and the transfer component penetrates the tunnel boring machine body along the length direction of the tunnel boring machine body.

5. The cantilever type tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutting component comprises a third telescopic component and a cutting component. The third telescopic component is arranged on the tunneling machine, and the third telescopic component is connected to the cutting component.

6. The cantilever type tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transfer machine components include a transfer mechanism and a swing tail. The input end of the transfer mechanism is connected to the output end of the shovel component, and the output end of the transfer mechanism is rotatably connected to the swing tail. The swing tail can swing relative to the transfer mechanism in the width direction of the tunnel boring machine body.

7. The cantilever type tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying components include a spraying mechanical arm, a spray material box, a feed pump and a spray pump. The spray material box, the feed pump and the spray pump are arranged on the tunneling machine body. The spraying mechanical arm is arranged on the first moving component or the second moving component. The spray material box is connected to one end of the feed pump, and the other end of the feed pump is connected to the spray pump, and the other end of the spray pump is connected to the spraying mechanical arm.

8. The cantilever type tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple second moving assemblies, and the multiple second moving assemblies are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the tunnel boring machine body.

9. A tunneling system, characterized in that: include: A tunnel boring machine, wherein the tunnel boring machine is a cantilever tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8; An anchor transfer machine assembly, wherein the anchor transfer machine is arranged at the rear of the cantilever type tunnel boring machine to receive the materials output by the tunnel boring machine; The self-moving tail is connected to the anchor transfer machine assembly to receive the materials output by the anchor transfer machine assembly.

10. The tunneling system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The anchor transfer machine assembly includes an anchor transfer machine component and a belt conveyor component. The anchor transfer machine component is arranged behind the tunnel boring machine to receive the material output by the tunnel boring machine. The other end of the anchor transfer machine is connected to the belt conveyor, or the belt conveyor is a curved belt conveyor. The belt output machine passes through the anchor transfer machine component along the length direction of the tunnel boring machine body. The belt conveyor receives the material output by the tunnel boring machine to transport the material to the tail of the self-moving machine.

11. A tunneling method of a tunneling system, characterized in that: The excavation system according to claim 9 or 10 comprises: The tunnel being excavated is divided into spraying support area, foundation anchor support area and full anchor support area according to the forward direction of the roadheader; Carry out spray support in the spray support area in turn, and then carry out partial anchor support in the foundation anchorage area; Finally, the entire anchoring area is fully anchored.

12. The excavation method of the excavation system according to claim 11, characterized in that: When spraying the surrounding rock of the tunnel, the first material is sprayed first and then the second material. After the tunnel boring machine has excavated a preset distance, the construction anchor rod is connected to the surrounding rock by passing through the first material and the second material, and the structural strength of the first material is less than the structural strength of the second material.

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