Box culvert assembling method, heading machine and box culvert assembling system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of building material lining tunnels, and particularly provides a box culvert assembling method, a heading machine and a box culvert assembling system. The box culvert assembling method comprises the following steps that (1) a transport vehicle conveys a to-be-assembled box culvert to a working area of an unloading crane which can directly unload the to-be-assembled box culvert from the transport vehicle, and the unloading crane unloads the to-be-assembled box culvert from the transport vehicle and places the to-be-assembled box culvert on an assembled formed box culvert; and (2) the assembling crane moves to the placing position of the box culvert to be assembled to hoist the box culvert to be assembled, and then the box culvert to be assembled is hoisted to the front assembling position to complete assembling of the box culvert. The heading machine and the box culvert assembling system are used for realizing the box culvert assembling method. During construction, the unloading crane unloads the to-be-assembled box culvert from the transport vehicle and places the to-be-assembled box culvert on the assembled box culvert, namely the formed box culvert. At the moment, the height of the box culvert to be assembled is reduced by the height of one transport vehicle, and normal hoisting and assembling of the assembling crane are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tunnel lining with building materials, and in particular relates to a box culvert assembly method, a tunnel boring machine and a box culvert assembly system. Background Art

[0002] In modern tunnel construction, considering the needs of ventilation, drainage, pipeline layout, personnel passage, etc., it is often necessary to assemble prefabricated box culverts at the bottom of the tunnel. Specifically, during assembly, a transport vehicle is generally used to deliver the prefabricated box culvert to the tunnel, and the box culvert assembly crane configured on the tunnel boring machine that can move forward and backward receives the box culvert, and then lifts the box culvert forward to the assembly position.

[0003] According to the structural form of the box culvert, the box culvert can be divided into integral box culvert and split box culvert. The split box culvert is generally composed of two side box culverts and one middle box culvert. As for the integral box culvert, as the name suggests, it refers to an integral structure with the bottom end used to support the tunnel wall and the top end being a flat surface.

[0004] The invention patent application with application publication number CN106744343A discloses a working box culvert crane under low headroom conditions, the box culvert crane comprises a longitudinal walking bracket which can be installed at the rear supporting trailer position, a longitudinal trolley which can move longitudinally is installed on the longitudinal walking bracket, a transverse walking bracket is installed on the longitudinal trolley, a transverse moving trolley is installed on the transverse walking bracket, a lifting device and a rotating device are installed on the transverse moving trolley, a box culvert bracket is installed on the rotating device, and the box culvert bracket can be inserted into the box culvert to lift the box culvert. When assembling the box culvert, the lateral and longitudinal movements of the lifting device can be realized by controlling the longitudinal trolley and the transverse trolley to deliver the box culvert transported from the rear to the designated assembly position, and the box culvert can be rotated to the correct assembly direction by controlling the rotating device, thereby completing the assembly of the split box culvert.

[0005] However, this type of split-assembly box culvert has many joints, requires high assembly quality, is inconvenient to operate, and is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0006] The invention patent application with application publication number CN113979320A discloses a method and a lifting device for lifting integral box culvert parts, the lifting device includes a box culvert crane that can move forward and backward along a connecting bridge and a trailer, the lifting method includes using a transport vehicle to deliver the integral box culvert parts to the box culvert crane operation area (trailer position), the box culvert crane moves to the position of the transport vehicle and grabs the box culvert crane on the transport vehicle, after grabbing the box culvert crane, the box culvert crane moves forward to the front end of the assembled box culvert at the bottom, and drives the box culvert to rotate 90° to the correct assembly direction, completing the assembly of the integral box culvert.

[0007] This integral culvert box has a relatively high assembly efficiency, and there are not many joints after assembly, making it easy to ensure the forming quality. However, the solution disclosed in the above-mentioned invention patent application is more suitable for tunnels constructed by shield machines and is difficult to be used in tunnels constructed by open TBMs. Specifically, when a shield machine is under construction, the materials transported forward are mainly segment linings. The space occupied by a single segment lining is small, and the segment lining assembly operation can be automatically completed by a segment lining erector. There is actually a relatively large space for the transportation and assembly of the culvert box. While for an open TBM during construction, the materials transported forward include anchor bolts, wire meshes, arch frames, etc. More space needs to be reserved at the top of the tunnel to meet the material transportation and assembly requirements. The actual space available for the transportation and assembly of the culvert box is small, and the assembly crane cannot be installed at a relatively high height, making it impossible to directly unload the culvert box from the transport vehicle. That is to say, the solution disclosed in the above-mentioned invention patent application is not applicable to tunnel construction where the top space of the assembly area is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for assembling a culvert box to solve the technical problem that the existing culvert box assembly methods are difficult to be used in tunnel construction where the top space of the assembly area is limited. The purpose of the present invention is also to provide a tunneling machine and a culvert box assembly system to solve the same technical problem.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the culvert box assembly method provided by the present invention is as follows: A method for assembling a culvert box, the method comprising the following steps: ① The transport vehicle transports the culvert box to be assembled to the working area of an unloading crane that can directly unload the culvert box to be assembled from the transport vehicle, and the unloading crane unloads the culvert box to be assembled from the transport vehicle and places it on the formed culvert box that has already been assembled; ② The assembly crane moves to the placement position of the culvert box to be assembled, lifts the culvert box to be assembled, and then hoists the culvert box to be assembled to the front assembly position to complete the assembly of the culvert box.

[0010] As a further improvement, before step ①, the transport vehicle moves forward to the working area of a transfer crane that can directly unload the culvert box to be assembled from the transport vehicle. The transfer crane unloads the culvert box to be assembled from the transport vehicle and laterally moves it to one side of the tunnel. The transport vehicle reverses to the turning area to complete a U-turn and then reverses to the working area of the transfer crane. The transfer crane then places the culvert box to be assembled on the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle transports the culvert box to be assembled in a reverse posture.

[0011] As a further improvement, a rotary stacker is provided in the turning area, and the transport vehicle moves onto the rotary platform and completes a U-turn under the drive of the rotary stacker.

[0012] As a further improvement, before the transport vehicle reverses to the working area of the transfer crane, the transfer crane maintains the posture of lifting the culvert box to be assembled.

[0013] The present invention belongs to an improved invention creation, and its beneficial effects are as follows: The present invention adds a step of unloading the culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle onto the formed culvert. Specifically, the lifting height of the unloading crane meets the requirement of directly unloading the culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle and can place the culvert to be assembled on the formed culvert. At this time, the height of the culvert to be assembled has been reduced by the height of a transport vehicle, meeting the normal hoisting and assembly of the assembly crane. Furthermore, the normal assembly of the culvert can be completed under the condition of insufficient height space, and it is suitable for assembling culverts in tunnels with limited top space.

[0014] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the roadheader provided by the present invention is: A roadheader is configured with an assembly crane that can move back and forth, and the roadheader is further configured with an unloading crane that is higher than the assembly crane and meets the requirement of directly unloading the culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle. The forward and backward movement stroke of the assembly crane covers the lifting working area of the unloading crane.

[0015] As a further improvement, the roadheader is further configured with a transfer crane that can move horizontally and meets the requirement of directly unloading the culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle.

[0016] As a further improvement, the front end of the movement stroke of the assembly crane extends to the connection bridge position of the roadheader.

[0017] The present invention belongs to an improved invention creation, and its beneficial effects are as follows: The roadheader in the present invention adds an unloading crane for directly unloading the culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle. During construction, after the transport vehicle delivers the culvert to be assembled to the working area of the unloading crane, the unloading crane can unload the culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle and place the culvert to be assembled on the formed culvert. At this time, the height of the culvert to be assembled has been reduced by the height of a transport vehicle, meeting the normal hoisting and assembly of the assembly crane. And the forward and backward movement stroke of the assembly crane covers the lifting working area of the unloading crane. That is to say, during construction, the assembly crane can move to the placement position of the culvert to be assembled to lift the culvert to be assembled, and then hoist the culvert to be assembled to the front assembly position to complete the assembly of the culvert. Through the above analysis, it can be seen that the roadheader in the present invention is suitable for assembling culverts in tunnels with limited top space.

[0018] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the culvert assembly system provided by the present invention is: A culvert assembly system includes a roadheader and a transport vehicle for transporting culverts. The roadheader is configured with an assembly crane that can move back and forth, and the roadheader is further configured with an unloading crane that is higher than the assembly crane and meets the requirement of directly unloading the culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle. The forward and backward movement stroke of the assembly crane covers the lifting working area of the unloading crane.

[0019] As a further improvement, the tunneling machine is also equipped with a transfer crane that can move horizontally and is capable of directly unloading the culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle. The transport vehicle is a rubber-tired transport vehicle with a cab.

[0020] As a further improvement, the culvert assembly system further includes a rotary stacker for driving the transport vehicle to turn around.

[0021] As a further improvement, the front end of the moving stroke of the assembly crane extends to the position of the connecting bridge of the tunneling machine.

[0022] The present invention belongs to an improved invention. Its beneficial effects are as follows: The tunneling machine in the present invention is equipped with an unloading crane for directly unloading the culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle. During construction, after the transport vehicle delivers the culvert to be assembled to the working area of the unloading crane, the unloading crane can unload the culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle and place it on the formed culvert. At this time, the height of the culvert to be assembled has been reduced by the height of a transport vehicle, meeting the normal lifting and assembly requirements of the assembly crane. The forward and backward moving stroke of the assembly crane covers the lifting working area of the unloading crane. That is to say, during construction, the assembly crane can move to the placement position of the culvert to be assembled, lift the culvert to be assembled, and then hoist the culvert to be assembled to the front assembly position to complete the assembly of the culvert. Through the above analysis, it can be seen that the culvert assembly system in the present invention is suitable for assembling culverts in tunnels with limited top space. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a construction schematic diagram of an embodiment of the culvert assembly system in the present invention; Figure 2 It is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of the position of the transfer crane in Figure 3 It is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of the position of the unloading crane in Figure 4 It is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of the position of the assembly crane in Figure 5 It is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of the position of the rotary stacker in

[0024] Description of the Reference Numerals: 1. Cutter head; 2. Main beam; 3. Connecting bridge; 4. Assembly crane; 5. Unloading crane; 6. Transfer crane; 7. Transport vehicle; 8. Rotary stacker; 100. Culvert to be assembled; 200. Formed culvert. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0025] During the construction of a TBM, the generally adopted support method is "bolt-net-shotcrete" + arch support. Correspondingly, a relatively large amount of support materials need to be transported forward, making it difficult to install the assembling crane at a high position. As a result, it is difficult to directly unload the culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle. To solve the above problems, the basic technical concept of the present invention is to add an independent unloading crane at a position behind the assembling crane that does not affect the transportation of support materials and can directly unload the culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle. During construction, the unloading crane unloads the culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle and places it on the already assembled culvert, i.e., the formed culvert. At this time, the height of the culvert to be assembled has been reduced by the height of one transport vehicle, meeting the normal lifting and assembling requirements of the assembling crane.

[0026] Based on the above concept, the present invention will be further described in detail in combination with embodiments.

[0027] Specific embodiments of the culvert assembling system provided by the present invention: As a basic embodiment, the culvert assembling system in this embodiment is as Figure 1 shown, including a tunneling machine and a transport vehicle 7. The tunneling machine can be an open TBM, specifically including a cutter head 1, a shield, a main beam 2, a connecting bridge 3, and a rear support trailer (hereinafter referred to as a trailer), etc. The structures and working principles of each part are the same as those in the prior art and can be referred to the recommended national standard "Full-face Tunnel Boring Machine - Terminology and Commercial Specifications" (GB / T 34354-2017), and will not be elaborated in detail here. The function of the transport vehicle 7 is to transport culverts into the tunnel. This embodiment is also applicable to assembling integral culverts.

[0028] The tunneling machine is equipped with an assembling crane 4 that can move back and forth (longitudinally). The assembling crane 4 can lift the culvert 100 to be assembled from the rear side and send it to the front assembling position to complete the assembling of the culvert. As Figure 4 shown, specifically, the structure of the assembling crane 4 can be the same as that in the prior art, including a hoisting winch, a rotating device, etc., and is installed on a movable trolley that can move back and forth through the hoisting winch. The power output end of the rotating device is installed with a culvert lifting tool, specifically a C-shaped lifting tool that can be the same as that in the prior art. The culvert lifting tool is inserted into the culvert and drives the culvert 100 to be assembled to rotate 90° to the correct assembling direction under the action of the rotating device.

[0029] Different from the prior art, the tunneling machine in this embodiment is also equipped with an unloading crane 5, as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the unloading crane 5 is higher than the assembling crane 4, and can be fixed at the top center of the trailer. Accordingly, a higher mounting bracket can be appropriately set on the trailer to meet the normal installation of the unloading crane 5. The lifting height of the unloading crane 5 is sufficient to directly unload the culvert 100 to be assembled from the transport vehicle 7. Most basically, the unloading crane 5 should also include a lifting winch, and the output end of the lifting winch is connected to the culvert lifting device. In addition, the forward and backward movement of the assembling crane 4 covers the lifting working area of ​​the unloading crane 5, that is, the corresponding Figure 1 , the assembling crane 4 can be moved to the bottom of the unloading crane 5.

[0030] Based on the above introduction to the structure, this embodiment can implement the following box culvert assembly method: S1: The transport vehicle 7 delivers the box culvert 100 to be assembled to the working area of ​​the unloading crane 5, and the unloading crane 5 unloads the box culvert 100 to be assembled from the transport vehicle 7 and places it on the formed box culvert 200; S2: The assembling crane 4 moves to the placement position of the box culvert 100 to be assembled, lifts the box culvert 100 to be assembled from the placement position, and lifts the box culvert 100 to be assembled to the front assembly position to complete the assembly of the box culvert.

[0031] From the above analysis, we can see that if Figure 1 As shown, when the box culvert 100 to be assembled is still on the transport vehicle 7, the actual height of the box culvert 100 to be assembled is relatively high, and the height of the assembly crane 4 is not enough to unload the box culvert 100 to be assembled from the transport vehicle 7, and thus the assembly of the box culvert cannot be completed. However, by configuring an independent unloading crane 5, the present embodiment can use the unloading crane 5 to unload the box culvert 100 to be assembled from the transport vehicle 7 and place it on the formed box culvert 200. At this time, there is no transport vehicle 7 to support the box culvert, and the actual height is enough for the lifting of the assembly crane 4, thereby solving the problem of box culvert assembly in the case of limited tunnel space.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, since the top of the formed box culvert 200 is already a relatively flat "road surface", the transport vehicle 7 is preferably a rubber-wheeled vehicle with a cab, such as a truck. Compared with the flat-bed rail steel wheel transport vehicle 7, it is not necessary to lay tracks on the surface of the box culvert, which is more convenient to implement. Generally speaking, the driver of the transport vehicle 7 drives the transport vehicle 7 forward, and the cab in front of the box culvert 100 to be assembled is equivalent to an obstacle, affecting the normal lifting of the box culvert 100 to be assembled.

[0033] To solve the above problems, the transport vehicle 7 can reverse to the working area of the unloading crane 5 so that the cab faces backward. That is to say, there is a step for the transport vehicle 7 to turn around in the tunnel. It is not difficult to understand that when the prefabricated culvert 100 is carried, the overall length of the transport vehicle 7 is relatively long, and it is difficult to complete a U-turn in the tunnel. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the tunneling machine is further equipped with a transfer crane 6. Specifically, the transfer crane 6 can also be installed on a trailer. As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, most basically, the transfer crane 6 should also include a hoisting winch, and the output end of the hoisting winch is connected with a culvert spreader. The function of the transfer crane 6 is to unload the prefabricated culvert 100 from the transport vehicle 7 and drive the prefabricated culvert 100 to move to one side horizontally, so as to allow the transport vehicle 7 to reverse backward. Therefore, the hoisting height of the transfer crane 6 should meet the requirement of directly unloading the prefabricated culvert 100 from the transport vehicle 7, and the transfer crane 6 can move horizontally.

[0034] Based on the above introduction of the structure, the following culvert assembly method can also be realized in this preferred embodiment: Before S1 above, the transport vehicle 7 first moves forward to the working area of the transfer crane 6. The transfer crane 6 unloads the prefabricated culvert 100 from the transport vehicle 7 and horizontally moves it to one side of the tunnel (to avoid the backward movement of the transport vehicle 7). The transport vehicle 7 completes a U-turn in the U-turn area at the rear, then reverses to the working area of the transfer crane 6, and the transfer crane 6 places the prefabricated culvert 100 on the transport vehicle 7 again. As Figure 1 shown, the transport vehicle 7 conveys the prefabricated culvert 100 in a reverse posture.

[0035] To facilitate the U-turn of the transport vehicle 7, in a further preferred embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 5 shown, the culvert assembly system further includes a rotary stacker 8, and the rotary stacker 8 is used to drive the transport vehicle 7 to turn around. That is to say, the rotary stacker 8 is correspondingly placed in the above U-turn area. The transport vehicle 7 moves onto the rotary stacker 8 and completes a U-turn under the drive of the rotary stacker 8. Specifically, the rotary stacker 8 can also adopt the existing technology. Most basically, the rotary stacker 8 includes a frame, the frame can be placed on the formed culvert 200, and a rotatable turntable is provided on the frame. The transport vehicle 7 moves onto the turntable and rotates 180° with the turntable to complete a U-turn.

[0036] It should be noted here that since the overall length of the transport vehicle 7 will not be too long after unloading the prefabricated culvert 100, in other embodiments, it is not excluded that the driver controls the transport vehicle 7 to complete a U-turn inside the tunnel. However, the solution of configuring the rotary stacker 8 is more convenient.

[0037] As Figure 2As shown, for the box culvert assembly method, before the transport vehicle 7 completes a U-turn and reverses to the working area of the transfer crane 6, the transfer crane 6 maintains the posture of lifting the box culvert 100 to be assembled. At this time, the lifting and placing process of the box culvert 100 to be assembled can be reduced once, which is convenient and efficient, and can also avoid bumping and damaging the box culvert to the greatest extent when lifting and placing the box culvert 100 to be assembled.

[0038] In addition, in other alternative embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the front end of the moving stroke of the assembly crane 4 extends to the position of the connection bridge 3 of the tunneling machine. Since the connection bridge 3 is connected to the main beam 2 and has a relatively large space below, it is more convenient to complete the assembly of the box culvert. Moreover, it is also convenient to assemble the box culvert to a position closer to the front during the construction process. However, it should be added that in other alternative embodiments, it is not excluded that the assembly crane 4 is installed on a trailer, that is, the front end of the moving formation of the assembly crane 4 extends to the first trailer.

[0039] Specific embodiments of the box culvert assembly method provided by the present invention: The embodiments of the box culvert assembly method are the box culvert assembly methods described in the embodiments of the above box culvert assembly system, and will not be specifically described here.

[0040] Specific embodiments of the tunneling machine provided by the present invention: The embodiments of the tunneling machine are the tunneling machines described in the embodiments of the above box culvert assembly system, and will not be specifically described here.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative efforts, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A box culvert assembly method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: ① the transport vehicle delivers the box culvert to be assembled to the working area of ​​the unloading crane that can directly unload the box culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle; the unloading crane unloads the box culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle and places it on the assembled formed box culvert; ② the assembling crane moves to the placement position of the box culvert to be assembled and lifts the box culvert to be assembled, and then lifts the box culvert to be assembled to the front assembly position to complete the assembly of the box culvert.

2. The box culvert assembly method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before step ①, the transport vehicle moves forward to the working area of ​​the inverted crane that can directly unload the box culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle. The inverted crane unloads the box culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle and moves it horizontally to one side of the tunnel. The transport vehicle reverses to the turning area to complete the turn and reverses to the working area of ​​the inverted crane. The inverted crane then places the box culvert to be assembled on the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle transports the box culvert to be assembled in a reverse posture.

3. The box culvert assembly method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A rotating platform is set up in the turning area, and the transport vehicle moves onto the rotating platform and completes the turning under the drive of the rotating platform.

4. The box culvert assembly method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Before the transport vehicle reverses to the working area of ​​the reverse crane, the reverse crane maintains the posture of lifting the box culvert to be assembled.

5. A tunnel boring machine equipped with an assembled crane that can move forward and backward, characterized in that: The tunnel boring machine is also equipped with an unloading crane which is higher than the assembling crane and can directly unload the box culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle. The forward and backward movement travel of the assembling crane covers the lifting working area of ​​the unloading crane.

6. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tunnel boring machine is also equipped with a transversely movable inverting crane capable of directly unloading the box culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle.

7. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The front end of the assembly crane's travel range extends to the connecting bridge position of the tunnel boring machine.

8. A box culvert assembly system, comprising a tunnel boring machine and a transport vehicle for transporting the box culvert, wherein the tunnel boring machine is equipped with an assembly crane that can move forward and backward, and is characterized in that: The tunnel boring machine is also equipped with an unloading crane which is higher than the assembling crane and can directly unload the box culvert to be assembled from the transport vehicle. The forward and backward movement travel of the assembling crane covers the lifting working area of ​​the unloading crane.

9. The box culvert assembly system according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The tunnel boring machine is also equipped with a transversely movable inverting crane capable of directly unloading the box culvert to be assembled from a transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle is a rubber-wheeled transport vehicle with a cab.

10. The box culvert assembly system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The box culvert assembly system also includes a rotating platform for driving the transport vehicle to turn around.

11. The box culvert assembly system according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: The front end of the assembly crane's travel range extends to the connecting bridge position of the tunnel boring machine.

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