Retrusive deep hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction

Abstract

The invention discloses a retreating type deep hole grouting technology for subway tunnel construction, belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction grouting, and aims to solve the problems that a pipeline is gradually blocked due to the fact that the pipeline conveys grout for a long time or is not cleaned in time after working, and precipitated particles are likely to be accumulated at elbows, reducing parts and the like of the pipeline and are hung on a wall and solidified. The device comprises a feeding mechanism and a dredging mechanism, the dredging mechanism used for automatically dredging and preventing feeding blockage is arranged on the upper portion of the inner side of the feeding mechanism, and the feeding mechanism comprises a mounting base arranged at the top of the front end of the grouting machine. According to the grouting pipe dredging device, slurry blocked in the grouting pipe and adhered to the upper pipe wall of the grouting pipe can be automatically dredged and cleaned, meanwhile, it can be guaranteed that dredging force can be continuously provided when the grouting pipe is blocked next time, the pipeline can be automatically and timely dredged when the grouting pipe is blocked, and slurry conveying interruption caused by pipeline blocking is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction grouting, and specifically to a backward deep-hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction. Background Technique

[0002] Subway tunnels usually need to pass through various different geological strata, such as soft soil, sandy soil, rock, etc. In some areas with complex geological conditions, such as water-rich strata, fault fracture zones, and weak surrounding rocks, tunnel construction is prone to problems such as stratum deformation, collapse, and water inrush, threatening construction safety and the stability of the surrounding environment. Therefore, it is necessary to reinforce the strata of the tunnel, and the backward deep-hole grouting technology has emerged. It is an effective method for strengthening strata, controlling settlement, and plugging water in subway tunnel construction. This technology drills a borehole to the designed depth at one time, and then grouts section by section from the bottom of the borehole upwards in a predetermined length while retreating.

[0003] When the current backward deep-hole grouting device for subway tunnel construction is in use, during grouting, the grouting pipe can often only convey the slurry. When the pipeline conveys the slurry for a long time, or the pipeline is not cleaned in time after work, the precipitated particles may accumulate at the elbows, reduced diameters, etc. of the pipeline, and wall sticking and solidification may occur, thus gradually blocking the pipeline. Once the pipeline is blocked, the slurry cannot be normally conveyed, and it is necessary to stop the machine for dredging. This will not only affect the construction progress, but also may cause some pipelines or grouting equipment components to be scrapped due to the solidification of the slurry in the pipeline.

[0004] In view of the above problems, a backward deep-hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a backward deep-hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction. By using this process for work, the problem in the above background that during grouting, the grouting pipe can often only convey the slurry, and when the pipeline conveys the slurry for a long time, or the pipeline is not cleaned in time after work, the precipitated particles may accumulate at the elbows, reduced diameters, etc. of the pipeline, and wall sticking and solidification may occur, thus gradually blocking the pipeline is solved.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A backward deep-hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction, including the following steps: S1: Measurement and positioning: Before grouting construction, first measure and position the area to be grouted on the construction site; S2: Site leveling: Clean the base surface excavated on site, and level and harden the ground within the range of the grouting holes according to the positions of the designed grouting holes to ensure that the requirements for the drilling rig construction are met; S3: Measuring and setting out lines, and positioning the drill rig: According to the requirements of the design drawing, the survey team shall mark the positions of the grouting holes and bury marks. The drill rig shall be moved to the marked positions, and the drill rig shall be stable and the drill pipe shall be vertical; S4: Drilling treatment of the positioning points: Before grouting, the hole positions shall be marked with red paint on the heading face. The positioning of the drill rig shall be accurate. The distance between the drill bit position before drilling and the hole layout point shall not be greater than 2 cm, and the deviation of the drill pipe angle shall not be greater than 1°. During the drilling process, in order to prevent the drill pipe from being locked and the grouting holes of the drill bit from being blocked, a small amount of clean water shall be continuously injected by a grouting pump for flushing the holes; S5: Debugging the grouting machine: Add grouting raw materials according to the design ratio, start the mixer, and stir for more than 2 minutes. After ensuring that all parts of the grouting system are connected correctly, start the grouting pump for a water pressure test, check the hydraulic condition of the grouting pump, whether there is slurry leakage in the system pipeline, and whether the pipeline is unobstructed; S6: Grouting: After the system is ready, first connect the grouting catheter to the drill pipe, and start grouting using the grouting machine. When the designed grouting volume is reached or the pressure reaches the designed value, stop grouting, lift the rod, and conduct the next cycle of grouting; S7: Grouting judgment: Observe the grouting pressure through the pressure gauge and check the change of pressure with the increase of grouting volume. During the grouting process, two-way control is adopted, that is, stop grouting after reaching the designed grouting volume; or stop grouting when the designed grouting volume is not reached but the designed grouting pressure is reached, and stop grouting in case of abnormal conditions; In S6, the grouting machine used for grouting includes a feeding mechanism and a dredging mechanism. The dredging mechanism for automatically dredging to prevent feeding blockage is arranged above the inner side of the feeding mechanism. The feeding mechanism includes a mounting seat arranged at the top of the front end of the grouting machine. The dredging mechanism includes piston cylinders arranged on both outer sides of the feeding mechanism. A guide pipe is connected to one side below the piston cylinder, and a lifting plate is arranged below the inner part of the piston cylinder. A first spring column is arranged in the middle above the lifting plate, and a fixed top rod is connected to one side of the upper surface of the lifting plate. A compression column is arranged above one side of the fixed top rod, and a moving plate is arranged on the other side outside the compression column. A second spring column is connected to the upper surface of the moving plate. An extrusion block is arranged above the compression column. A lifting rod is fixedly connected to the middle below the moving plate, and a fixed ring is fixed on the bottom surface of the lifting rod. A first scraping ring is connected to the outside of the fixed ring. A first linkage mechanism is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the feeding mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the lifting plate is elastically connected to the piston cylinder through the first spring column, the moving plate is slidably connected to the mounting seat through the compression column, the fixed top rod and the lifting plate, and the moving plate is elastically connected to the mounting seat through the second spring column.

[0008] Further, the grouting machine includes a grouting pipe, a connector, a grout stopper, and a drill bit. A connector is provided in the middle of the grouting pipe, and a grout stopper is provided in the middle on the outer side of the grouting pipe. The drill bit is installed at the bottom of the grouting pipe.

[0009] Further, the feeding mechanism further includes a first grouting pipe, a second grouting pipe, and a solenoid valve. A first grouting pipe is connected below one side of the mounting seat, and a second grouting pipe is connected below the other side of the mounting seat. Solenoid valves are installed at the front ends of both the first grouting pipe and the second grouting pipe. The first grouting pipe and the second grouting pipe are connected to the mounting seat and the grouting pipe through the solenoid valves, and the first grouting pipe and the second grouting pipe are connected to the piston cylinder through a material guiding pipe.

[0010] Further, the first linkage mechanism includes a first linkage box, an intermittent gear, an inclined thread, a sliding tooth plate, a guide rod, and a compression spring. An intermittent gear is installed in the middle inside the first linkage box, and an inclined thread is engaged with the inner surface of the intermittent gear. Sliding tooth plates are provided on both sides of the intermittent gear, and a guide rod passes through the middle of the sliding tooth plate. A compression spring is connected behind the sliding tooth plate. The sliding tooth plate is slidably connected to the guide rod through the intermittent gear, and the sliding tooth plate is elastically connected to the first linkage box through the compression spring.

[0011] Further, the first linkage mechanism further includes a connecting plate, a sliding rod, a second scraping ring, and a partition plate. A connecting plate is fixed to one side of the front end of the sliding tooth plate, and a sliding rod is provided in the middle of the front end of the connecting plate. The second scraping ring is installed at the front end of the sliding rod. A partition plate is provided above the outside of the first linkage box.

[0012] Further, a scraping mechanism for flowing and rotating is provided inside the front end of the grouting machine. The scraping mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a mounting frame, and a spiral shaft. A mounting frame is provided on the outer side of the top of the rotating shaft, and a spiral shaft is provided in the middle of the rotating shaft. The mounting frame is fixedly connected to the grouting pipe.

[0013] Further, the scraping mechanism further includes a connecting rod and a scraping plate. Connecting rods are fixed to both sides of the surface of the rotating shaft, and a scraping plate is fixed to the front end of the connecting rod. The spiral shaft and the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the grouting pipe through the mounting frame.

[0014] Further, a second linkage mechanism for outlet dredging is provided at the bottom of the scraping mechanism. The second linkage mechanism includes a second linkage box, a rotating disk, and a fixed guide rod. A rotating disk is provided above the inside of the second linkage box, and the rotating disk is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. A fixed guide rod is fixed to the outer side of the lower surface of the rotating disk, and the rotating disk is rotatably connected to the second linkage box through the rotating shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the second linkage mechanism further includes a sliding frame, a fixed connecting rod, and a third scraping ring. A sliding frame is arranged outside the fixed guide rod, and fixed connecting rods are fixed on the left and right sides of the sliding frame. The front end of the fixed connecting rod is provided with a third scraping ring, and a slurry outlet is arranged on the outer side of the third scraping ring.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Through the dredging mechanism, the present invention finally moves the lifting rod upward and downward, and cooperates with the first scraping ring to automatically dredge and clean the slurry blocked in the grouting pipe and adhered to the upper wall of the grouting pipe. At the same time, it can ensure that the dredging force can be continuously provided when blocked again, so as to automatically and timely dredge the pipeline when blocked, avoid the interruption of slurry transportation caused by pipeline blockage, enable the grouting construction to continue, reduce the downtime, and at the same time, there is no need for manual frequent inspection and dredging and no external equipment for energy supply for dredging, saving labor costs and time costs. At the same time, it can automatically dredge the inlets of the first grouting pipe and the second grouting pipe entering the mounting seat, so as to further avoid the blockage and wall adhesion at the elbows and reduced diameters of the pipeline, and ensure the stability of slurry transportation while ensuring the dredging effect.

[0017] 2. Through the scraping mechanism, the present invention can utilize the flow pressure of the slurry flowing in the grouting pipe by the spiral shaft to rotate, so that the scraping plate automatically scrapes and cleans the inner wall of the grouting pipe, can timely remove the slurry, impurities and other substances attached to the inner wall of the grouting pipe, avoid the gradual accumulation of these substances resulting in the reduction of the inner diameter of the pipeline or even blockage, ensure the smoothness of the grouting pipe, maintain normal grouting operation, and at the same time, the automatic cleaning reduces the workload and frequency of manual regular cleaning of the grouting pipe.

[0018] 3. Through the second linkage mechanism, the present invention can automatically dredge and clean the slurry outlets on the left and right sides, so as to prevent blockage at the outlet due to slurry solidification, impurity accumulation and other reasons during grouting, ensure that the grouting operation can continue stably, the automatic cleaning and dredging does not require frequent manual intervention, saves labor and time, reduces the number of times of suspending the grouting operation for cleaning the outlet, and does not dredge the small-diameter slurry outlets on both sides at the same time, which is also beneficial to ensuring the stable grouting of the slurry outlet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the construction process of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic external three-dimensional structure diagram of the grouting machine of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic external three-dimensional structure diagram of the mounting seat of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic internal three-dimensional structure diagram of the mounting seat of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic perspective view from below Figure 6 Schematic perspective view of the separation of the compression column and the moving plate of the present invention Figure 7 Schematic perspective view of the interior of the first linkage box of the present invention Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic top view Figure 9 Schematic perspective view of the partial cross-section of the grouting pipe of the present invention Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Schematic perspective view from below Figure 11 Schematic perspective view of the separated interior of the second linkage box of the present invention

[0020] In the figure: 1, grouting machine; 101, grouting pipe; 102, connector; 103, grout stopper; 104, drill bit; 2, feeding mechanism; 201, mounting seat; 202, first grout inlet pipe; 203, second grout inlet pipe; 204, solenoid valve; 3, dredging mechanism; 301, piston cylinder; 302, material guide pipe; 303, lifting plate; 304, first spring column; 305, fixed ejector rod; 306, compression column; 307, moving plate; 308, second spring column; 309, extrusion block; 310, lifting rod; 311, fixed ring; 312, first scraping ring; 4, first linkage mechanism; 401, first linkage box; 402, intermittent gear; 403, inclined thread; 404, sliding tooth plate; 405, guide rod; 406, compression spring; 407, connecting plate; 408, sliding rod; 409, second scraping ring; 410, partition plate; 5, scraping mechanism; 501, rotating shaft; 502, mounting frame; 503, spiral shaft; 504, connecting rod; 505, scraping plate; 6, second linkage mechanism; 601, second linkage box; 602, rotating disk; 603, fixed guide rod; 604, sliding frame; 605, fixed connecting rod; 606, third scraping ring; 7, grout outlet Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention

[0022] To solve the technical problem that when slurry is transported through a pipeline for a long time, or the pipeline is not cleaned in time after work, the precipitated particles may accumulate at the elbows, reduced-diameter parts, etc. of the pipeline, and wall hanging and solidification may occur, gradually blocking the pipeline, such as Figures 1 - 8 As shown, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: A backward deep-hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction includes the following steps: S1: Measurement and positioning: Before grouting construction, first measure and position the area to be grouted on the construction site; S2: Site leveling: Clean the base surface excavated on site, level and harden the ground within the range of the grouting holes according to the positions of the designed grouting holes to ensure that the requirements for drill rig construction are met; S3: Measurement, layout and drill rig positioning: The survey team shall lay out the positions of the grouting holes according to the requirements of the design drawings, bury marks, move the drill rig to the marked positions, the drill rig shall be stable, and the drill pipe shall be vertical; S4: Drilling treatment of the positioning points: Before grouting, mark the hole positions on the heading face with red paint. The positioning of the drill rig shall be accurate. The distance between the position 104 of the drill bit before drilling and the hole layout point shall not be greater than 2 cm, and the deviation of the drill pipe angle shall not be greater than 1°. During the drilling process, in order to prevent the drill pipe from being locked and the grouting holes of the drill bit 104 from being blocked, a small amount of clean water is continuously pressed into the hole by a grouting pump for flushing; S5: Grouting machine debugging: Add grouting raw materials according to the designed ratio, start the mixer, stir for more than 2 minutes. After ensuring that all parts of the grouting system are connected correctly, start the grouting pump for a water pressure test, check the hydraulic condition of the grouting pump, whether there is slurry leakage in the system pipeline, and whether the pipeline is unobstructed; S6: Grouting: After the system is ready, first connect the grouting catheter to the drill pipe, start grouting using the grouting machine 1. When the designed grouting volume is reached or the pressure reaches the designed value, pause grouting and lift the rod for the next cycle of grouting; S7: Grouting judgment: Observe the grouting pressure through the pressure gauge and check the pressure change with the increase of the grouting volume. Two-way control is adopted during the grouting process, that is, stop grouting after reaching the designed grouting volume; or stop grouting when the designed grouting volume is not reached but the designed grouting pressure is reached, and stop grouting in case of abnormal conditions; In S6, the grouting machine 1 used for grouting includes a feeding mechanism 2 and a dredging mechanism 3. The dredging mechanism 3 for automatically dredging to prevent feeding blockage is arranged above the inner side of the feeding mechanism 2. The grouting machine 1 includes a grouting pipe 101 arranged in the middle of the front end of the grouting machine 1. A connector 102 is arranged in the middle of the grouting pipe 101, and a grout stop plug 103 is arranged in the middle of the outer side of the grouting pipe 101. A drill bit 104 is installed at the bottom of the grouting pipe 101. The grouting machine 1 is an existing backward grouting device; The feeding mechanism 2 includes a mounting seat 201 provided at the top of the front end of the grouting machine 1. A first slurry inlet pipe 202 is connected below one side of the mounting seat 201, and a second slurry inlet pipe 203 is connected below the other side of the mounting seat 201. Solenoid valves 204 are installed at the front ends of both the first slurry inlet pipe 202 and the second slurry inlet pipe 203. The first slurry inlet pipe 202 and the second slurry inlet pipe 203 are connected to the mounting seat 201 and the grouting pipe 101 through the solenoid valves 204, and the first slurry inlet pipe 202 and the second slurry inlet pipe 203 are connected to the piston cylinder 301 through a material guiding pipe 302. Through the feeding mechanism 2, whose input end is connected to a slurry supply machine, double-component slurry can be introduced into the grouting pipe 101. After the drill bit 104 finishes punching a hole, grouting work is carried out from the slurry outlet 7; The dredging mechanism 3 includes piston cylinders 301 provided on both outer sides of the feeding mechanism 2. A material guiding pipe 302 is communicated and arranged below one side of the piston cylinder 301. A lifting plate 303 with a piston property is arranged below the interior of the piston cylinder 301. A first spring column 304 is arranged in the middle above the lifting plate 303. A fixed top rod 305 is connected to one side of the upper surface of the lifting plate 303. A compression column 306 is arranged above one side of the fixed top rod 305. One side of the upper surface of the compression column 306 is in an inclined shape downward, and a moving plate 307 is arranged on the other side of the outside of the compression column 306. The compression column 306 can be telescopic with the moving plate 307 by means of a spring; A second spring column 308 is connected to the upper surface of the moving plate 307. An extrusion block 309 is arranged above the compression column 306. A lifting rod 310 is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower part of the moving plate 307. A fixed ring 311 is fixed on the bottom surface of the lifting rod 310. A first scraping ring 312 is connected to the outside of the fixed ring 311. The lifting plate 303 is elastically connected to the piston cylinder 301 through the first spring column 304. The moving plate 307 is slidably connected to the mounting seat 201 through the compression column 306, the fixed top rod 305 and the lifting plate 303, and the moving plate 307 is elastically connected to the mounting seat 201 through the second spring column 308; When the slurry is passed into the lower part of the mounting seat 201 through the first slurry inlet pipe 202 and the second slurry inlet pipe 203 and flows into the grouting pipe 101, the slurry finally turns from both sides and enters the grouting pipe 101, and the slurry is merged into the single-tube grouting pipe 101 from the double pipes. At this time, due to the change in flow velocity and direction at the feed point of the grouting pipe 101, the particles in the slurry may easily gather and settle at the feed point of the grouting pipe 101, causing blockage. At this time, the blocking flow force in the grouting pipe 101 is weakened, and the continuous inflow of the first slurry inlet pipe 202 and the second slurry inlet pipe 203 will be affected by the internal resistance of the grouting pipe 101. Under the influence of the plug pressure, the slurry is pressed into the piston cylinder 301 along the guide tubes 302 on both sides. Under the action of the continuous pressure of the feeding, the lifting plate 303 will compress the first spring column 304 upward and move. At this time, the lifting plate 303 drives the fixed push rod 305 to move upward, thereby pushing the compression column 306 and the moving plate 307 and the lifting rod 310 to compress the second spring column 308 upward to move. When the compression column 306 is pushed to the extrusion block 309, it continues to move upward. The extrusion block 309 will generate an extrusion force on the compression column 306 on the inclined surface, causing the compression column 306 to move toward the moving plate The compression column 306 will shrink inside the grouting pipe 101, and when the compression column 306 continues to shrink, it will separate from the fixed top rod 305 supported at the bottom. At this time, the upward driving force on the movable plate 307 disappears, and the compressed second spring column 308 will generate a downward impact on the movable plate 307 and the lifting rod 310. In the process of the lifting rod 310 moving up and down, in conjunction with the first scraper ring 312, the slurry blocked in the grouting pipe 101 and adhered to the upper wall of the grouting pipe 101 can be automatically cleared and cleaned. After clearing, the first slurry inlet pipe 202 and the second slurry inlet pipe 203 can supply liquid normally and rush into the piston The pressure in the cylinder 301 is greatly reduced, and the elastic pressure of the first spring column 304 is greater than the pressure that rushes into the piston cylinder 301 during normal liquid flow. At this time, the first spring column 304 will push the lifting plate 303 to move down and reset, ensuring that it can continue to provide dredging force when it is blocked next time. In this way, the pipeline can be automatically and timely dredged when blocked, avoiding the interruption of slurry transportation caused by pipeline blockage, allowing the grouting construction to continue, reducing downtime, and eliminating the need for frequent manual inspection and dredging, and eliminating the need for external equipment to supply energy for dredging, saving labor costs and time costs; A first linkage mechanism 4 is provided at the inner middle of the feeding mechanism 2. The first linkage mechanism 4 includes a first linkage box 401 provided at the inner middle of the mounting seat 201. An intermittent gear 402 is provided at the inner middle of the first linkage box 401. An oblique thread 403 is meshed on the inner surface of the intermittent gear 402. The oblique thread 403 is provided on the surface of the lifting rod 310. When the lifting rod 310 moves up and down, the intermittent gear 402 can be driven to rotate by the thread force. On both sides of the intermittent gear 402, sliding tooth plates 404 are engaged, and a guide rod 405 passes through the middle of the sliding tooth plate 404. A compression spring 406 is connected to the rear of the sliding tooth plate 404. The sliding tooth plate 404 is slidably connected to the guide rod 405 through the intermittent gear 402, and the sliding tooth plate 404 is elastically connected to the first linkage box 401 through the compression spring 406; On one side of the front end of the sliding tooth plate 404, a connecting plate 407 is fixed, and in the middle of the front end of the connecting plate 407, a sliding rod 408 is provided. At the front end of the sliding rod 408, a second scraping ring 409 is installed. Above the outside of the first linkage box 401, a partition plate 410 is provided. The partition plate 410 separates the channel of the slurry below the mounting seat 201 from the upper lifting part. Through the first linkage mechanism 4, the inlets of the first slurry inlet pipe 202 and the second slurry inlet pipe 203 can be automatically dredged finally; Through the inclined thread 403 provided at the contact section between the surface of the lifting rod 310 and the intermittent gear 402, when the lifting rod 310 moves upward, the intermittent gear 402 can be driven to rotate, so that the intermittent gear 402 drives the sliding tooth plate 404 to slide along the guide rod 405, so that the sliding tooth plate 404 compresses the compression spring 406. When the intermittent gear 402 continues to rotate, it will be disengaged from the sliding tooth plate 404. Under the elastic force of the compression spring 406, the sliding tooth plate 404 can be quickly pushed forward. Through the connection of the connecting plate 407, the sliding rod 408 can be driven to drive the second scraping ring 409 to move back and forth. In this way, by using the sliding rod 408 and the second scraping ring 409, the inlets of the first slurry inlet pipe 202 and the second slurry inlet pipe 203 entering the mounting seat 201 can be dredged, so as to further avoid blockage and wall adhesion at the elbows and reduced diameters of the pipeline, while ensuring the dredging effect and the stability of slurry transportation.

[0023] To solve the technical problem that the inner wall of the pipeline is prone to adhesion and blockage and is not easy to be automatically cleaned, as Figure 2 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: Inside the front end of the grouting machine 1, a scraping mechanism 5 is provided. The scraping mechanism 5 includes a rotating shaft 501 provided in the middle of the inner side of the grouting pipe 101. On the outer side of the top of the rotating shaft 501, a mounting bracket 502 is provided, and in the middle of the rotating shaft 501, a spiral shaft 503 is provided, and the mounting bracket 502 is fixedly connected to the grouting pipe 101; On both sides of the surface of the rotating shaft 501, connecting rods 504 are fixed, and at the front ends of the connecting rods 504, scraping plates 505 are fixed. The spiral shaft 503 and the rotating shaft 501 are rotatably connected to the grouting pipe 101 through the mounting bracket 502. Through the scraping mechanism 5, the flowing pressure of the slurry in the grouting pipe 101 can be utilized to automatically clean the inner wall of the grouting pipe 101; During the existing actual grouting work, there is often a flow pressure of 0.5 - 1.5 MPa in the grouting pipe 101. By rotating the rotating shaft 501 and the spiral shaft 503, the flow pressure can be utilized for rotation when the slurry flows in the grouting pipe 101. At this time, the rotating shaft 501 drives the connecting rod 504 and the scraping plate 505 to rotate radially in the grouting pipe 101, so that the scraping plate 505 can automatically scrape and clean the inner wall of the grouting pipe 101, and can timely remove substances such as slurry and impurities attached to the inner wall of the grouting pipe 101, avoiding the gradual accumulation of these substances resulting in a smaller pipe inner diameter or even blockage, ensuring the smoothness of the grouting pipe 101, maintaining normal grouting operations, and at the same time, automatic cleaning reduces the workload and frequency of regular manual cleaning.

[0024] To solve the technical problem that particles may accumulate at the grouting outlet part and gradually cause blockage, as Figures 9 - 11 shown, the following preferred technical solution is provided: a second linkage mechanism 6 is arranged at the bottom of the scraping mechanism 5. The second linkage mechanism 6 includes a second linkage box 601 arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft 501. An upper part inside the second linkage box 601 is provided with a rotating disk 602, and the rotating disk 602 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 501. The outer side of the lower surface of the rotating disk 602 is fixedly provided with a fixed guide rod 603, and the rotating disk 602 is rotationally connected to the second linkage box 601 through the rotating shaft 501; A sliding frame 604 is arranged outside the fixed guide rod 603, and fixed connecting rods 605 are fixed on the left and right sides of the sliding frame 604. The front end of the fixed connecting rod 605 is provided with a third scraping ring 606, and a slurry outlet 7 is arranged outside the third scraping ring 606. Through the second linkage mechanism 6, the slurry outlet 7 can be dredged and cleaned; Through the rotating disk 602 and the fixed guide rod 603, it can rotate along with the rotation of the rotating shaft 501, so that the fixed guide rod 603 pushes the sliding frame 604 to slide in the middle groove of the sliding frame 604. Under the action of the fixed connecting rod 605, the pushed sliding frame 604 drives the fixed connecting rod 605 and the third scraping ring 606 to move back and forth left and right. At this time, the moving third scraping ring 606 can automatically dredge and clean the slurry outlets 7 on the left and right sides, so as to prevent blockage at the outlet due to slurry solidification, impurity accumulation, etc. during grouting, ensure that the grouting operation can be carried out continuously and stably, and automatic dredging and cleaning does not require frequent manual intervention, saving manpower and time, reducing the number of times of suspending the grouting operation for cleaning the outlet. At the same time, the sliding frame 604 drives the fixed connecting rod 605 and the third scraping ring 606 to move back and forth left and right, and does not dredge the slurry outlets 7 with small apertures on both sides at the same time, which is also beneficial to ensuring stable grouting at the slurry outlet 7.

[0025] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0026] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A backward deep hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Measurement and positioning: Before grouting construction, first measure the construction site and locate the area to be grouting; S2: Site leveling: Clean the excavated base surface on site, level and harden the ground within the grouting hole range according to the designed grouting hole position to ensure that it meets the drilling rig construction requirements; S3: Surveying and laying out, drilling rig in place: The surveying team lays out the locations of the grouting holes according to the design drawings, buries the marks, and moves the drilling rig to the marked locations. The drilling rig should be stable and the drill rod should be vertical. S4: Treatment of drilling holes at positioning points: Before grouting, the hole positions should be marked with red paint on the tunnel face. The drilling rig should be accurately positioned. The distance between the drill bit (104) point and the hole arrangement point before drilling should not exceed 2 cm. The drill rod angle deviation should not exceed 1°. During the drilling process, in order to prevent the drill rod from being locked and the drill bit (104) grouting hole from being blocked, a grouting pump should be used to continuously pressurize a small amount of clean water to flush the hole. S5: Grouting machine debugging: Add grouting raw materials according to the designed proportion, start the mixer, stir for more than 2 minutes, make sure that all parts of the grouting system are connected correctly, start the grouting pump water pressure test, check the hydraulic pressure of the grouting pump, whether there is leakage in the system pipeline, and whether the pipeline is unobstructed; S6: Grouting: After the system is ready, first connect the grouting conduit to the drill pipe, and use the grouting machine (1) to start grouting. When the designed grouting volume is reached or the pressure reaches the designed value, the grouting is suspended and the rod is lifted to start the next grouting cycle. S7: Grouting judgment: observe the grouting pressure through the pressure gauge, check the pressure change with the increase of grouting volume, and adopt two-way control during the grouting process, that is, stop grouting after reaching the designed grouting volume; or stop grouting after the designed grouting pressure is reached but the designed grouting volume is not reached; In S6, the grouting machine (1) used during grouting comprises a feeding mechanism (2) and a dredging mechanism (3), wherein the dredging mechanism (3) for automatically dredging to prevent feed blockage is arranged on the upper inner side of the feeding mechanism (2), the feeding mechanism (2) comprises a mounting seat (201) arranged on the top of the front end of the grouting machine (1), the dredging mechanism (3) comprises a piston cylinder (301) arranged on both sides of the outside of the feeding mechanism (2), a material guide tube (302) is connected to the lower side of the piston cylinder (301), and a lifting plate (303) is arranged at the lower inner side of the piston cylinder (301), a first spring column (304) is arranged at the upper middle part of the lifting plate (303), and the lifting plate (303) is provided with a spring column (304). A fixed push rod (305) is connected to one side of the upper surface, a compression column (306) is arranged above one side of the fixed push rod (305), and a movable plate (307) is arranged on the other side of the outside of the compression column (306), a second spring column (308) is connected to the upper surface of the movable plate (307), an extrusion block (309) is arranged above the compression column (306), a lifting rod (310) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the lower part of the movable plate (307), and a fixing ring (311) is fixed to the bottom surface of the lifting rod (310), a first scraping ring (312) is connected to the outer side of the fixing ring (311), and a first linkage mechanism (4) is arranged in the middle part of the inner side of the feeding mechanism (2).

2. The backward deep hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lifting plate (303) is elastically connected to the piston cylinder (301) via a first spring column (304), and the movable plate (307) is slidably connected to the mounting seat (201) via a compression column (306), a fixed push rod (305) and the lifting plate (303), and the movable plate (307) is elastically connected to the mounting seat (201) via a second spring column (308).

3. The backward deep hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The grouting machine (1) comprises a grouting pipe (101), a connector (102), a grouting stopper (103) and a drill bit (104); the middle portion of the grouting pipe (101) is provided with a connector (102), the middle portion of the outer side of the grouting pipe (101) is provided with a grouting stopper (103); and the bottom portion of the grouting pipe (101) is provided with a drill bit (104).

4. The backward deep hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (2) further comprises a first slurry feeding pipe (202), a second slurry feeding pipe (203) and a solenoid valve (204); the first slurry feeding pipe (202) is connected to the lower side of one side of the mounting seat (201), and the second slurry feeding pipe (203) is connected to the lower side of the other side of the mounting seat (201); and the front ends of the first slurry feeding pipe (202) and the second slurry feeding pipe (203) are both installed with a solenoid valve (204); the first slurry feeding pipe (202) and the second slurry feeding pipe (203) are connected to the mounting seat (201) and the grouting pipe (101) via the solenoid valve (204); and the first slurry feeding pipe (202) and the second slurry feeding pipe (203) are connected to the piston cylinder (301) via the material guide pipe (302).

5. The backward deep hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The first linkage mechanism (4) comprises a first linkage box (401), an intermittent gear (402), an oblique thread (403), a sliding tooth plate (404), a guide rod (405) and a compression spring (406); an intermittent gear (402) is installed in the middle of the inner side of the first linkage box (401), and the inner surface of the intermittent gear (402) is meshed with the oblique thread (403); sliding tooth plates (404) are arranged on both sides of the intermittent gear (402), and the middle of the sliding tooth plate (404) is penetrated by the guide rod (405); the rear of the sliding tooth plate (404) is connected to the compression spring (406); the sliding tooth plate (404) is slidably connected to the guide rod (405) through the intermittent gear (402), and the sliding tooth plate (404) is elastically connected to the first linkage box (401) through the compression spring (406).

6. The backward deep hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The first linkage mechanism (4) further comprises a connecting plate (407), a sliding rod (408), a second scraper ring (409) and a partition plate (410); a connecting plate (407) is fixed to one side of the front end of the sliding tooth plate (404); a sliding rod (408) is arranged at the middle of the front end of the connecting plate (407); a second scraper ring (409) is installed at the front end of the sliding rod (408); and a partition plate (410) is arranged on the upper part of the exterior of the first linkage box (401).

7. The backward deep hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A scraping mechanism (5) for flow rotation is arranged on the inner side of the front end of the grouting machine (1); the scraping mechanism (5) comprises a rotating shaft (501), a mounting frame (502) and a spiral shaft (503); the mounting frame (502) is arranged on the outer side of the top of the rotating shaft (501), and the spiral shaft (503) is arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft (501); and the mounting frame (502) is fixedly connected to the grouting pipe (101).

8. The backward deep hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The scraping mechanism (5) further comprises a connecting rod (504) and a scraping plate (505); connecting rods (504) are fixed on both sides of the surface of the rotating shaft (501); and a scraping plate (505) is fixed at the front end of the connecting rod (504); and the spiral shaft (503) and the rotating shaft (501) are rotatably connected to the grouting pipe (101) via a mounting frame (502).

9. The backward deep hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: A second linkage mechanism (6) for dredging the outlet is arranged at the bottom of the scraping mechanism (5), the second linkage mechanism (6) comprising a second linkage box (601), a rotating disk (602) and a fixed guide rod (603), a rotating disk (602) is arranged on the upper part of the interior of the second linkage box (601), and the rotating disk (602) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (501), a fixed guide rod (603) is fixed to the outer side of the lower surface of the rotating disk (602), and the rotating disk (602) is rotatably connected to the second linkage box (601) via the rotating shaft (501).

10. The backward deep hole grouting process for subway tunnel construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second linkage mechanism (6) further comprises a sliding frame (604), a fixed connecting rod (605) and a third scraper ring (606); the sliding frame (604) is arranged outside the fixed guide rod (603), and the fixed connecting rods (605) are fixed on the left and right sides of the sliding frame (604); the third scraper ring (606) is installed at the front end of the fixed connecting rod (605), and the outer side of the third scraper ring (606) is provided with a pulp outlet (7).

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