Energy-saving hydraulic driving system with self-adaptive load

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving hydraulic driving system with self-adaptive load, which comprises an oil tank, a driving oil pump, a filter, an energy storage mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder, a control valve group and a cooling fan, and is characterized in that the energy storage mechanism comprises a flow guide pipe, a control valve group wrapping pipe valve seat and a control box; the oil tank is fixedly connected with the driving oil pump, the filter, the hydraulic cylinder, the pipe valve seat and the cooling fan, the driving oil pump is connected with the filter and the pipe valve seat through pipelines, the energy storage mechanism and the pipe valve seat are connected with the hydraulic cylinder through pipelines, the flow guide pipe is connected with the pipe valve seat through a pipeline, and the control box is connected with the driving oil pump, the energy storage mechanism and the hydraulic cylinder through electric signals. The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic driving equipment, and can monitor the load at the output end of a hydraulic cylinder in real time, adaptively feed back and adjust the adaptive load surge, actively compensate the load to maintain the stable displacement speed of the output end, and simultaneously realize energy conservation and efficiency improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic drive equipment, in particular to an energy-saving hydraulic drive system with adaptive load. Background Art

[0002] The hydraulic drive system is a system that uses hydraulic oil as a working medium to achieve power transmission and control functions. Its working principle is based on the conversion of liquid pressure energy into mechanical energy, thereby achieving the movement and precise control of mechanical equipment. With its unique working characteristics, this system has shown a wide range of application value in many fields such as industry, engineering machinery, aerospace, etc.

[0003] During the operation of the hydraulic system, when the external load shows an increasing trend, the system needs to be actively adjusted to maintain its stability, efficiency and safety. When the load of the hydraulic actuator increases rapidly, the internal pressure of the system will rise rapidly. Once the pressure exceeds the bearing limit of the component, it will cause damage to the component. To avoid such risks, it can usually be achieved by reducing the motor power. The reduction in motor power will cause the displacement speed of the output end of the hydraulic actuator to decrease. To ensure the constant speed of the hydraulic cylinder output end, maintain the smoothness of the movement, and prevent sudden changes in the speed end from causing jitter, it is necessary to increase the flow ratio opening and actively perform flow compensation to maintain the stability of the speed. Through reasonable system design and the use of intelligent control strategies, the hydraulic system can efficiently adapt to the dynamic changes of the load, thereby playing a reliable power core role in industrial equipment and providing stable and efficient power support for various industrial production activities. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving hydraulic drive system with adaptive load to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an energy-saving hydraulic drive system with adaptive load includes an oil tank, a driving oil pump, a filter, an energy storage mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder, a control valve group and a cooling fan, the energy storage mechanism includes a guide pipe, the control valve group includes a pipe valve seat and a control box, the oil tank is fixedly connected to the driving oil pump, the filter, the hydraulic cylinder, the pipe valve seat and the cooling fan, the driving oil pump is connected to the filter and the pipe valve seat through a pipeline, the energy storage mechanism and the pipe valve seat are connected to the hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline, the guide pipe is connected to the pipe valve seat through a pipeline, and the control box is connected to the driving oil pump, the energy storage mechanism and the hydraulic cylinder through an electrical signal.

[0006] The present invention is a system that uses hydraulic oil as a working medium to transmit power and control. The hydraulic oil in the fuel tank is pumped out by a driving oil pump. The hydraulic oil is preliminarily filtered by a filter and then pumped into a pipe valve seat. Part of the hydraulic oil is directly supplied to a hydraulic cylinder, converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to drive the load to move. Part of the hydraulic oil is input into an energy storage mechanism and stored therein. The load pressure is detected in real time at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder. When the load increases rapidly at the load end and the pressure is about to exceed the limit and damage the components, the control valve group reduces the output flow rate. At the same time, an electrical signal is sent to the driving oil pump to prevent its power from being overloaded. The displacement speed of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder decreases. If it is necessary to ensure that the output end speed of the hydraulic cylinder is constant and the movement is stable, and to prevent sudden changes and jitters at the speed end, the control valve group increases the flow ratio opening to compensate for the flow rate and maintain the speed stability. At the same time, the energy storage mechanism can instantaneously supply oil to the hydraulic cylinder, absorb the sudden increase in load pressure, and prevent the driving oil pump from being overloaded in a short time. When there is a load peak, the energy storage mechanism and the driving oil pump jointly supply oil to reduce the instantaneous power demand of the driving oil pump. When the output end of the hydraulic cylinder returns, the oil return design is used to reduce the flow rate demand of the driving oil pump, improving efficiency and energy conservation.

[0007] Further, the energy storage mechanism further includes an accumulator and a three-way valve. The accumulator includes an outer tank body, and a liquid outlet is provided on the outer tank body. The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body, and a first oil port and a second oil port are provided on the cylinder body. There are two groups of three-way valves and liquid outlets. One group of three-way valves is connected to the liquid outlet, the first oil port, and the pipe valve seat through pipelines, and the other group of three-way valves is connected to the liquid outlet, the second oil port, and the pipe valve seat through pipelines.

[0008] The driving oil pump pumps out the hydraulic oil in the fuel tank. Part of the hydraulic oil is directly supplied to the hydraulic cylinder, and the other part of the hydraulic oil is input into the accumulator through a diversion pipe. When instantaneously supplying oil to the hydraulic cylinder, the two groups of three-way valves are opened, and the hydraulic oil stored in the accumulator is quickly filled into the hydraulic cylinder through the first oil port and the second oil port, absorbing the sudden increase in load pressure and preventing the driving oil pump from being overloaded in a short time. When there is a load peak, the accumulator slowly inputs the stored hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder and jointly supplies oil with the diversion pipe to reduce the instantaneous power demand of the driving oil pump.

[0009] Further, the accumulator further includes an energy supply mechanism, an energy replenishment mechanism, a first opening and closing valve, and a second opening and closing valve. An internal thread and a first side port are further provided on the outer tank body. The internal thread is provided on the side of the outer tank body away from the liquid outlet. The energy supply mechanism includes a threaded disk and a first magnetic absorber. The threaded disk is threadedly connected to the internal thread. The energy replenishment mechanism includes an inner tank body, a second magnetic absorber, an electro-controlled iris ring, and a first motor. A second side port is provided on the inner tank body. The first opening and closing valve is connected to the first side port and the diversion pipe through pipelines. The second opening and closing valve is connected to the second side port and the diversion pipe through pipelines. The three-way valve, the first magnetic absorber, the second magnetic absorber, the electro-controlled iris ring, and the first motor are all connected to the control box through electrical signals.

[0010] A portion of the hydraulic oil is input into the accumulator through the guide pipe. In the initial stage, the first on-off valve is opened and the second on-off valve is closed according to the electrical signal of the control box, the electrically controlled iris ring of the energy replenishing mechanism is closed, the circular ring blocks the through hole on the circular hole disk, and the hydraulic oil is input into the sealed space composed of the outer tank body, the circular ring, the circular hole disk and the threaded disk through the first side port. As the hydraulic oil is continuously input, the threaded disk is pushed to move spirally away from the circular hole disk along the internal thread, squeezing the first spring. The threaded disk approaches the first magnetic absorber and is magnetically attracted. Subsequently, the first on-off valve is closed and the second on-off valve is opened. The hydraulic oil is input into the inner tank body through the second side port to push the baffle plate to be attracted by the second magnetic absorber, and a portion of the hydraulic oil is stored in the inner tank body. After the accumulator completes storing the hydraulic oil energy, the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve are both closed.

[0011] Furthermore, the energy supply mechanism also includes a first spring and a turntable, the first magnet is fixedly connected to the outer tank body, the first spring is fixedly connected to the threaded disk and the turntable, the turntable is rotatably connected to the outer tank body, the threaded disk is connected to the first magnet by magnetic force, and the energy replenishment mechanism also includes a hydraulic rod, which is rotatably connected to the threaded disk.

[0012] When the load peaks, the two sets of three-way valves are opened, and a pulley is provided at the output end of the first motor to drive the ring to rotate in the circular track. The ring no longer blocks the through hole, and the through hole contacts the oil hole to connect the two sides of the circular hole disk. The first magnetic absorber is closed and no longer magnetically absorbs the threaded disk. Under the action of the first spring restoring the deformation, the threaded disk is pushed along the internal thread to move spirally close to the circular hole disk, and one end of the hydraulic rod and the threaded disk rotation assembly is squeezed. Under the action of the threaded connection between the threaded disk and the internal thread, the hydraulic oil between the outer tank body and the inner tank body is uniformly replenished into the hydraulic cylinder, and the oil is supplied jointly with the guide pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the energy replenishing mechanism also includes a baffle, a second spring, a circular hole disk and a circular ring. The electrically controlled iris ring is fixedly connected to the inner tank body and the circular hole disk. The circular hole disk and the first motor are fixedly connected to the outer tank body. The circular hole disk is provided with a through hole and a circular rail. The output end of the first motor is transmission-connected to the circular ring. The circular ring is rotationally connected to the circular rail. The circular ring is provided with oil holes. The through holes and the oil holes are provided in several groups. The several groups of through holes and oil holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the circular ring. The inner tank body is also provided with a bottom hole. The hydraulic rod is slidably connected to the bottom hole. The hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the baffle, the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner tank body and the baffle, the baffle is connected to the second magnetic absorber by magnetic force, and the second magnetic absorber is fixedly connected to the outer tank body and the inner tank body.

[0014] When the hydraulic cylinder is instantaneously replenished with oil, the two sets of three-way valves are opened according to the electrical signal from the control box, the circular ring blocks the through hole, the electrically controlled iris ring is opened, the second magnetic absorber no longer magnetically absorbs the baffle plate, and under the action of the second spring restoring the deformation, the baffle plate moves away from the bottom hole. At this time, the baffle plate pulls the hydraulic rod, and the deformation of the hydraulic rod itself does not drive the threaded disk. Under the action of the second spring, the baffle plate quickly moves to instantly replenish the hydraulic oil in the inner tank into the hydraulic cylinder.

[0015] Further, the hydraulic cylinder further includes a sliding rod, a regeneration mechanism, and a pressure sensor. An output hole is further provided on the cylinder block. The sliding rod is slidably connected to the output hole. The regeneration mechanism includes a piston body, a connecting rod, and a servo motor. The piston body is slidably connected to the cylinder block. The sliding rod is fixedly connected to both the connecting rod and the pressure sensor. The piston body and the cylinder block form a rodless chamber on one side close to the first oil port, and the piston body and the cylinder block form a rod chamber on one side close to the second oil port. The pressure sensor and the servo motor are both electrically connected to the control box through electrical signals.

[0016] When the hydraulic cylinder works, the pressure sensor monitors the load in real time and sends an electrical signal to the control box. Since the effective pushing area of the piston in the rod chamber needs to subtract the cross-sectional area of the sliding rod, the effective pushing area of the piston in the rod chamber is smaller than that in the rodless chamber. When the hydraulic cylinder returns, in the extending stage, the driving oil pump outputs hydraulic oil into the rodless chamber to push the piston out, and the oil in the rod chamber returns to the fuel tank. The flow rate that the driving oil pump needs to provide is the effective pushing area on the piston side of the rodless chamber multiplied by the piston moving speed. In the retracting stage, the direction valve switches to drive the oil pump to output oil into the rod chamber, and at the same time, a part of the oil in the rod chamber is led to the rodless chamber through the regeneration mechanism. The driving oil pump only needs to supplement the flow difference, that is, the flow rate that the driving oil pump needs to supplement is the effective pushing area on the piston side of the rod chamber multiplied by the piston moving speed minus the regeneration flow rate. Through the internal circulation and reuse of the oil, the flow rate demand of the pump is significantly reduced in the retracting stage of the hydraulic cylinder, achieving energy conservation and efficiency improvement.

[0017] Further, the regeneration mechanism further includes an inner cylinder. The piston body is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. A cylinder chamber and a semi-circular bottom opening are provided on the piston body. The servo motor is fixedly connected to the cylinder chamber. The output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder. The inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the cylinder chamber. A first return hole is provided on the connecting rod. A semi-circular leakage port and a second return hole are provided on the inner cylinder. The semi-circular bottom opening contacts the semi-circular leakage port, and the first return hole contacts the second return hole.

[0018] In the extending stage, the semi-circular leakage port does not contact the semi-circular bottom opening, and the first return hole is blocked by the inner cylinder. The inner cylinder isolates both sides of the piston body. In the retracting stage, the servo motor outputs a fixed-axis torque to the inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder rotates in the cylinder chamber. The semi-circular leakage port contacts the semi-circular bottom opening, and the first return hole contacts the second return hole. The hydraulic oil in the rod chamber flows back to the rodless chamber under the action of negative pressure through the first return hole, the second return hole, the semi-circular leakage port, and the semi-circular bottom opening, significantly reducing the flow rate demand of the pump in the retracting stage of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0019] Further, the control valve group further includes a direction valve, a flow valve, and a relief valve. The direction valve, the flow valve, and the relief valve are all communicated with the pipe valve seat. The direction valve and the flow valve are both electrically connected to the control box through electrical signals.

[0020] The real-time detection of the load pressure at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder sends an electrical signal to the control box. When the load at the load end increases rapidly and the pressure is about to exceed the limit and damage the components, the flow valve reduces the output flow, and at the same time sends an electrical signal to the drive oil pump to prevent its power from being overloaded. At the same time, the overflow valve can also achieve the effect of overpressure protection, and the displacement speed of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder decreases. If it is necessary to ensure that the output end speed of the hydraulic cylinder is constant and the movement is stable, and prevent sudden changes and jitters at the speed end, the flow valve increases the flow ratio opening to compensate for the flow and maintain the speed stability.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention designs a control valve group. When the load at the load end increases rapidly and the pressure is about to exceed the limit and damage the components, the flow valve reduces the output flow, and at the same time sends an electrical signal to the drive oil pump to prevent its power from being overloaded. At the same time, the overflow valve can also achieve the effect of overpressure protection, and the displacement speed of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder decreases. If it is necessary to ensure that the output end speed of the hydraulic cylinder is constant and the movement is stable, and prevent sudden changes and jitters at the speed end, the flow valve increases the flow ratio opening to compensate for the flow and maintain the speed stability; The present invention designs an energy storage mechanism, which can instantaneously supply oil to the hydraulic cylinder. According to the electrical signal of the control box, the ring blocks the through hole, opens the electro-controlled iris ring, the second magnetic absorber no longer magnetically adsorbs the baffle plate, and the second spring restores its deformation and pushes the baffle plate to displace away from the bottom hole, instantaneously supplementing the hydraulic oil in the inner tank into the hydraulic cylinder, absorbing the sudden increase in load pressure, and avoiding the short-term overload of the drive oil pump. When the load reaches the peak value, the first motor drives the ring to rotate, the ring no longer blocks the through hole, the first magnetic absorber no longer magnetically adsorbs the threaded disk, and the first spring restores its deformation and pushes the threaded disk to spiral displace along the internal thread towards the circular hole disk, uniformly supplementing the hydraulic oil between the outer tank and the inner tank into the hydraulic cylinder, jointly supplying oil with the guide pipe, and reducing the instantaneous power demand of the drive oil pump; The present invention designs a regeneration mechanism. In the retraction stage, the servo motor outputs a fixed-axis torque to the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder rotates in the cylinder cavity, the semi-circular leak port contacts the semi-circular bottom port, the first return hole contacts the second return hole, and the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber flows back to the rodless chamber through the first return hole, the second return hole, the semi-circular leak port, and the semi-circular bottom port under the action of negative pressure. Through the internal circulation and reuse of the oil, the flow demand of the pump is significantly reduced during the retraction stage of the hydraulic cylinder, achieving energy conservation and efficiency improvement; The present invention can real-time monitor the load at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, adaptively feedback and adjust to adapt to the sudden increase in load, and can also actively compensate for the load to maintain the stability of the output end displacement speed, while achieving energy conservation and efficiency improvement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the energy storage mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the accumulator of the present invention; Figure 4 is the partial cross-sectional view of the accumulator of the present invention; Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of the energy replenishment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 Structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention; Figure 7 Structural schematic diagram of the regeneration mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 Structural schematic diagram of the control valve group of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1, fuel tank; 2, driving oil pump; 3, filter; 4, energy storage mechanism; 41, accumulator; 42, diversion pipe; 43, three-way valve; 44, outer tank; 441, liquid outlet; 442, internal thread; 443, first side port; 45, energy supply mechanism; 451, threaded disc; 452, first spring; 453, turntable; 454, first magnetic attractor; 46, energy replenishment mechanism; 461, inner tank; 4611, second side port; 4612, bottom hole; 462, retaining disc; 463, second spring; 464, hydraulic rod; 465, second magnetic attractor; 466, electric control iris ring; 467, round hole disc; 4671, through hole; 4672, circular track; 468, ring; 4681, oil hole; 469, first motor; 47, first opening and closing valve; 48, second opening and closing valve; 5, hydraulic cylinder; 51, cylinder block; 511, first oil port; 512, second oil port; 513, output hole; 52, sliding rod; 53, regeneration mechanism; 531, piston body; 5311, cylinder cavity; 5312, semi-circular bottom port; 532, connecting rod; 5321, first return hole; 533, inner cylinder; 5331, semi-circular leakage port; 5332, second return hole; 534, servo motor; 54, pressure sensor; 55, rodless cavity; 56, rod cavity; 6, control valve group; 61, pipe valve seat; 62, direction valve; 63, flow valve; 64, overflow valve; 65, control box; 7, cooling fan. Specific embodiments

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] Such as Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 8As shown in the figure, the technical solution of an energy-saving hydraulic drive system with an adaptive load provided by the present invention includes an oil tank 1, a drive oil pump 2, a filter 3, an energy storage mechanism 4, a hydraulic cylinder 5, a control valve group 6, and a cooling fan 7. The energy storage mechanism 4 includes a diversion pipe 42. The control valve group 6 includes a valve seat 61 and a control box 65. The oil tank 1 is fixedly connected to the drive oil pump 2, the filter 3, the hydraulic cylinder 5, the valve seat 61, and the cooling fan 7. The drive oil pump 2 is connected to the filter 3 and the valve seat 61 through pipelines. The energy storage mechanism 4 and the valve seat 61 are both connected to the hydraulic cylinder 5 through pipelines. The diversion pipe 42 is connected to the valve seat 61 through a pipeline. The control box 65 is connected to the drive oil pump 2, the energy storage mechanism 4, and the hydraulic cylinder 5 through electrical signals.

[0026] The present invention is a system that uses hydraulic oil as a working medium to transmit power and control. The drive oil pump 2 pumps out the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 1. The hydraulic oil is preliminarily filtered by the filter 3 and then pumped into the valve seat 61. Part of the hydraulic oil is directly supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 5, converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to drive the load to move. Part of the hydraulic oil is input into the energy storage mechanism 4 and stored therein. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 detects the load pressure in real time. When the load increases rapidly at the load end and the pressure is about to exceed the limit and damage the components, the control valve group 6 reduces the output flow rate and simultaneously sends an electrical signal to the drive oil pump 2 to prevent its power from overloading. The displacement speed of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 decreases. If it is necessary to ensure that the output end speed of the hydraulic cylinder 5 moves steadily and prevent sudden changes and jitters at the speed end, the control valve group 6 increases the flow rate proportional opening to compensate for the flow rate and maintain the speed stability. At the same time, the energy storage mechanism 4 can instantaneously supply oil to the hydraulic cylinder 5, absorb the sudden increase in load pressure, and avoid the short-term overload of the drive oil pump 2. When the load reaches its peak value, the energy storage mechanism 4 and the drive oil pump 2 supply oil jointly, reducing the instantaneous power demand of the drive oil pump 2. When the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 returns, the oil return design is used to reduce the flow rate demand of the drive oil pump 2, improving efficiency and energy conservation.

[0027] As Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown in the figure, the energy storage mechanism 4 further includes an accumulator 41 and a three-way valve 43. The accumulator 41 includes an outer tank 44. An outlet 441 is provided on the outer tank 44. The hydraulic cylinder 5 includes a cylinder block 51. A first oil port 511 and a second oil port 512 are provided on the cylinder block 51. There are two sets of the three-way valve 43 and the outlet 441. One set of the three-way valve 43 is connected to the outlet 441, the first oil port 511, and the valve seat 61 through pipelines. The other set of the three-way valve 43 is connected to the outlet 441, the second oil port 512, and the valve seat 61 through pipelines.

[0028] The driving oil pump 2 pumps out the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 1. A part of the hydraulic oil is directly supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the other part of the hydraulic oil is input into the accumulator 41 through the diversion pipe 42. When instantaneously replenishing the hydraulic cylinder 5 with oil, two groups of three-way valves 43 are opened, and the hydraulic oil stored in the accumulator 41 is quickly filled into the hydraulic cylinder 5 through the first oil port 511 and the second oil port 512, absorbing the sudden increase in load pressure to avoid short-term overload of the driving oil pump 2. When at the load peak, the accumulator 41 slowly inputs the stored hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder 5, jointly supplying oil with the diversion pipe 42 to reduce the instantaneous power demand of the driving oil pump 2.

[0029] As Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown, the accumulator 41 further includes an energy supply mechanism 45, an energy replenishment mechanism 46, a first opening and closing valve 47, and a second opening and closing valve 48. The outer tank body 44 is also provided with an internal thread 442 and a first side port 443. The internal thread 442 is provided on the side of the outer tank body 44 away from the liquid outlet 441. The energy supply mechanism 45 includes a threaded disk 451 and a first magnetic attractor 454. The threaded disk 451 is threadedly connected with the internal thread 442. The energy replenishment mechanism 46 includes an inner tank body 461, a second magnetic attractor 465, an electric control iris ring 466, and a first motor 469. The inner tank body 461 is provided with a second side port 4611. The first opening and closing valve 47 is connected to the first side port 443 and the diversion pipe 42 through pipelines. The second opening and closing valve 48 is connected to the second side port 4611 and the diversion pipe 42 through pipelines. The three-way valve 43, the first magnetic attractor 454, the second magnetic attractor 465, the electric control iris ring 466, and the first motor 469 are all connected to the control box 65 through electrical signals.

[0030] A part of the hydraulic oil is input into the accumulator 41 through the diversion pipe 42. In the initial stage, according to the electrical signal of the control box 65, the first opening and closing valve 47 is opened, the second opening and closing valve 48 is closed, and the electric control iris ring 466 of the energy replenishment mechanism 46 is closed. The circular ring 468 blocks the through hole 4671 on the circular hole disk 467. The hydraulic oil is input into the sealed space formed by the outer tank body 44, the circular ring 468, the circular hole disk 467, and the threaded disk 451 through the first side port 443. As the hydraulic oil continues to be input, it pushes the threaded disk 451 to spiral and displace along the internal thread 442 away from the circular hole disk 467, squeezing the first spring 452. The threaded disk 451 approaches the first magnetic attractor 454 and is magnetically adsorbed. Subsequently, the first opening and closing valve 47 is closed, the second opening and closing valve 48 is opened, and the hydraulic oil is input into the inner tank body 461 through the second side port 4611, pushing the blocking disk 462 to be adsorbed by the second magnetic attractor 465. A part of the hydraulic oil is stored in the inner tank body 461. After the accumulator 41 stores hydraulic oil for energy storage, both the first opening and closing valve 47 and the second opening and closing valve 48 are closed.

[0031] As Figure 4As shown, the energy supply mechanism 45 further includes a first spring 452 and a turntable 453. The first magnetic attractor 454 is fixedly connected to the outer tank body 44. The first spring 452 is fixedly connected to both the threaded disc 451 and the turntable 453. The turntable 453 is rotatably connected to the outer tank body 44. The threaded disc 451 is magnetically connected to the first magnetic attractor 454. The energy replenishment mechanism 46 further includes a hydraulic rod 464, and the hydraulic rod 464 is rotatably connected to the threaded disc 451.

[0032] When the load reaches the peak value, two three-way valves 43 are opened. A pulley is provided at the output end of the first motor 469, which drives the ring 468 to rotate within the circular track 4672. The ring 468 no longer blocks the through hole 4671, and the through hole 4671 contacts the oil hole 4681 to communicate both sides of the circular hole disc 467. The first magnetic attractor 454 is closed and no longer magnetically adsorbs the threaded disc 451. Under the action of the first spring 452 recovering its deformation, the threaded disc 451 is pushed to helically displace along the internal thread 442 towards the circular hole disc 467. One end of the hydraulic rod 464 rotatably assembled with the threaded disc 451 is squeezed. Under the threaded connection between the threaded disc 451 and the internal thread 442, the hydraulic oil between the outer tank body 44 and the inner tank body 461 is evenly replenished into the hydraulic cylinder 5, and supplies oil jointly with the diversion pipe 42.

[0033] As Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the energy replenishment mechanism 46 further includes a retaining disc 462, a second spring 463, a circular hole disc 467 and a ring 468. The electro-controlled iris ring 466 is fixedly connected to both the inner tank body 461 and the circular hole disc 467. The circular hole disc 467 and the first motor 469 are both fixedly connected to the outer tank body 44. The circular hole disc 467 is provided with a through hole 4671 and a circular track 4672. The output end of the first motor 469 is drivingly connected to the ring 468. The ring 468 is rotatably connected to the circular track 4672. The ring 468 is provided with an oil hole 4681. There are several groups of through holes 4671 and oil holes 4681, and several groups of through holes 4671 and oil holes 4681 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the ring 468. The inner tank body 461 is further provided with a bottom hole 4612. The hydraulic rod 464 is slidably connected to the bottom hole 4612. The hydraulic rod 464 is fixedly connected to the retaining disc 462. The second spring 463 is fixedly connected to both the inner tank body 461 and the retaining disc 462. The retaining disc 462 is magnetically connected to the second magnetic attractor 465, and the second magnetic attractor 465 is fixedly connected to both the outer tank body 44 and the inner tank body 461.

[0034] When instantaneously refueling the hydraulic cylinder 5, according to the electrical signal of the control box 65, two groups of three-way valves 43 are opened. The ring 468 blocks the through hole 4671, the electrically controlled iris 466 is opened, and the second magnetic absorber 465 is closed, no longer magnetically adsorbing the baffle 462. Under the action of the restoration of the second spring 463, the baffle 462 displaces away from the bottom hole 4612. At this time, the baffle 462 pulls the hydraulic rod 464. Due to the deformation of the hydraulic rod 464 itself, it will not drive the threaded disc 451. Under the action of the second spring 463, the baffle 462 quickly displaces to instantaneously supplement the hydraulic oil in the inner tank body 461 into the hydraulic cylinder 5.

[0035] As Figure 6 , Figure 7 shown, the hydraulic cylinder 5 further includes a slide bar 52, a regeneration mechanism 53 and a pressure sensor 54. An output hole 513 is further provided on the cylinder block 51. The slide bar 52 is slidably connected to the output hole 513. The regeneration mechanism 53 includes a piston body 531, a connecting rod 532 and a servo motor 534. The piston body 531 is slidably connected to the cylinder block 51. The slide bar 52 is fixedly connected to both the connecting rod 532 and the pressure sensor 54. The piston body 531 and the cylinder block 51 form a rodless cavity 55 on the side close to the first oil port 511, and the piston body 531 and the cylinder block 51 form a rod cavity 56 on the side close to the second oil port 512. The pressure sensor 54 and the servo motor 534 are both connected to the control box 65 through electrical signals.

[0036] When the hydraulic cylinder 5 works, the pressure sensor 54 monitors the load in real time and sends an electrical signal to the control box 65. Since the effective pushing area of the piston in the rod cavity 56 needs to subtract the cross-sectional area of the slide bar 52, the effective pushing area of the piston in the rod cavity 56 is smaller than that of the rodless cavity 55. When the hydraulic cylinder 5 returns, in the extending stage, the driving oil pump 2 outputs hydraulic oil into the rodless cavity 55 to push the piston to extend, and the oil in the rod cavity 56 returns to the fuel tank 1. The flow rate that the driving oil pump 2 needs to provide is the effective pushing area on the piston side of the rodless cavity 55 multiplied by the piston moving speed. In the retracting stage, the direction valve 62 switches to drive the oil pump 2 to output oil into the rod cavity 56, and at the same time, a part of the oil in the rod cavity 56 is led to the rodless cavity 55 through the regeneration mechanism 53. The driving oil pump 2 only needs to supplement the flow rate difference, that is, the flow rate that the driving oil pump 2 needs to supplement is the effective pushing area on the piston side of the rod cavity 56 multiplied by the piston moving speed minus the regeneration flow rate. Through the internal circulation and reuse of the oil, the flow rate requirement of the pump is significantly reduced in the retracting stage of the hydraulic cylinder 5, realizing energy conservation and efficiency improvement.

[0037] As Figure 7As shown, the regeneration mechanism 53 further includes an inner cylinder 533. The piston body 531 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 532. The piston body 531 is provided with a cylinder cavity 5311 and a semi-circular bottom opening 5312. The servo motor 534 is fixedly connected to the cylinder cavity 5311. The output end of the servo motor 534 is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder 533. The inner cylinder 533 is rotatably connected to the cylinder cavity 5311. The connecting rod 532 is provided with a first return hole 5321. The inner cylinder 533 is provided with a semi-circular leakage opening 5331 and a second return hole 5332. The semi-circular bottom opening 5312 is in contact with the semi-circular leakage opening 5331. The first return hole 5321 is in contact with the second return hole 5332.

[0038] In the extending stage, the semi-circular leakage opening 5331 is not in contact with the semi-circular bottom opening 5312, and the first return hole 5321 is blocked by the inner cylinder 533. The inner cylinder 533 isolates both sides of the piston body 531. In the retracting stage, the servo motor 534 outputs a fixed-axis torque to the inner cylinder 533. The inner cylinder 533 rotates in the cylinder cavity 5311. The semi-circular leakage opening 5331 is in contact with the semi-circular bottom opening 5312, and the first return hole 5321 is in contact with the second return hole 5332. The hydraulic oil in the rod chamber 56 flows back to the rodless chamber 55 through the first return hole 5321, the second return hole 5332, the semi-circular leakage opening 5331, and the semi-circular bottom opening 5312 under the action of negative pressure. The flow demand of the pump is significantly reduced during the retracting stage of the hydraulic cylinder 5.

[0039] As Figure 8 shown, the control valve group 6 further includes a direction valve 62, a flow valve 63, and a relief valve 64. The direction valve 62, the flow valve 63, and the relief valve 64 are all communicated with the pipe valve seat 61. The direction valve 62 and the flow valve 63 are both electrically connected to the control box 65.

[0040] The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 detects the load pressure in real time and sends an electrical signal to the control box 65. When the load end increases rapidly and the pressure is about to exceed the limit and damage the components, the flow valve 63 reduces the output flow, and at the same time sends an electrical signal to the driving oil pump 2 to prevent its power from being overloaded. At the same time, the relief valve 64 can also achieve the effect of overpressure protection. The displacement speed of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 decreases. If it is necessary to ensure that the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 moves at a constant speed smoothly and prevent sudden changes and jitters at the speed end, the flow valve 63 increases the flow ratio opening to compensate for the flow and maintain the speed stability.

[0041] Working principle of the present invention: The driving oil pump 2 directly supplies a part of the hydraulic oil in the fuel tank 1 to the hydraulic cylinder 5 to drive the load, and another part of the hydraulic oil is input into the accumulator 41 through the diversion pipe 42. The pressure sensor 54 detects the load pressure in real time and sends an electrical signal to the control box 65. When the load increases rapidly at the load end and is about to exceed the limit and damage the components, the flow valve 63 reduces the output flow, and at the same time sends an electrical signal to the driving oil pump 2 to reduce its power and avoid overload. The overflow valve 64 can also provide overpressure protection, and the displacement speed of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 decreases. If it is necessary to ensure the constant speed of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5, the flow valve 63 increases the flow ratio opening to compensate for the flow. At the same time, the energy storage mechanism 4 can instantaneously supply oil to the hydraulic cylinder 5. According to the electrical signal of the control box 65, the ring 468 blocks the through hole 4671, opens the electronically controlled iris ring 466, and the second magnetizer 465 no longer magnetically adsorbs the baffle 462. The second spring 463 restores its deformation and pushes the baffle 462 to displace away from the bottom hole 4612, instantaneously supplementing the hydraulic oil in the inner tank body 461 into the hydraulic cylinder 5, absorbing the sudden increase in load pressure, and avoiding the short-term overload of the driving oil pump 2. At the peak of the load, the first motor 469 drives the ring 468 to rotate. The ring 468 no longer blocks the through hole 4671, and the first magnetizer 454 no longer magnetically adsorbs the threaded disk 451. The first spring 452 restores its deformation and pushes the threaded disk 451 to helically displace along the internal thread 442 towards the round hole disk 467, uniformly supplementing the hydraulic oil between the outer tank body 44 and the inner tank body 461 into the hydraulic cylinder 5, jointly supplying oil with the diversion pipe 42, and reducing the instantaneous power requirement of the driving oil pump 2. When the hydraulic cylinder 5 works, since the effective area of the piston push in the rod chamber 56 needs to subtract the cross-sectional area of the sliding rod 52, the effective area of the piston push in the rod chamber 56 is smaller than that in the rodless chamber 55. A part of the oil in the rod chamber 56 is led to the rodless chamber 55 through the regeneration mechanism 53. The driving oil pump 2 only needs to supplement the flow difference. Through the internal circulation and reuse of the oil, the flow requirement of the pump is significantly reduced during the retraction stage of the hydraulic cylinder 5, achieving energy conservation and efficiency improvement.

[0042] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to embrace all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed rights.

Claims

1. An energy-saving hydraulic drive system with adaptive load, characterized in that: The hydraulic drive system comprises an oil tank (1), a drive oil pump (2), a filter (3), an energy storage mechanism (4), a hydraulic cylinder (5), a control valve group (6) and a cooling fan (7); the energy storage mechanism (4) comprises a flow guide pipe (42); the control valve group (6) comprises a pipe valve seat (61) and a control box (65); the oil tank (1) is fixedly connected to the drive oil pump (2), the filter (3), the hydraulic cylinder (5), the pipe valve seat (61) and the cooling fan (7); the drive oil pump (2) is connected to the filter (3) and the pipe valve seat (61) via a pipe; the energy storage mechanism (4) and the pipe valve seat (61) are connected to the hydraulic cylinder (5) via a pipe; the flow guide pipe (42) is connected to the pipe valve seat (61) via a pipe; and the control box (65) is connected to the drive oil pump (2), the energy storage mechanism (4) and the hydraulic cylinder (5) via an electrical signal.

2. The energy-saving hydraulic drive system with adaptive load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage mechanism (4) further comprises an accumulator (41) and a three-way valve (43); the accumulator (41) comprises an outer tank body (44); a liquid outlet (441) is provided on the outer tank body (44); the hydraulic cylinder (5) comprises a cylinder body (51); a first oil port (511) and a second oil port (512) are provided on the cylinder body (51); the three-way valve (43) and the liquid outlet (441) are each provided with two groups; one group of the three-way valve (43) is connected to the liquid outlet (441), the first oil port (511), and the pipe valve seat (61) through a pipeline; and the other group of the three-way valve (43) is connected to the liquid outlet (441), the second oil port (512), and the pipe valve seat (61) through a pipeline.

3. The energy-saving hydraulic drive system with adaptive load according to claim 2, characterized in that: The accumulator (41) further comprises an energy supply mechanism (45), an energy replenishment mechanism (46), a first on-off valve (47) and a second on-off valve (48); the outer tank body (44) is further provided with an internal thread (442) and a first side port (443); the internal thread (442) is provided on a side of the outer tank body (44) away from the liquid outlet (441); the energy supply mechanism (45) comprises a threaded disk (451) and a first magnetic absorber (454); the threaded disk (451) is threadedly connected to the internal thread (442); the energy replenishment mechanism (46) comprises an inner tank body (461), a second magnetic absorber (454); The inner tank body (461) is provided with a second side port (4611); the first opening and closing valve (47) is connected to the first side port (443) and the flow guide pipe (42) through a pipeline; the second opening and closing valve (48) is connected to the second side port (4611) and the flow guide pipe (42) through a pipeline; the three-way valve (43), the first magnetic absorber (454), the second magnetic absorber (465), the electric-controlled iris ring (466), and the first motor (469) are connected to the control box (65) through electrical signals.

4. The energy-saving hydraulic drive system with adaptive load according to claim 3, characterized in that: The energy supply mechanism (45) further comprises a first spring (452) and a rotating disk (453); the first magnetic absorber (454) is fixedly connected to the outer tank body (44); the first spring (452) is fixedly connected to the threaded disk (451) and the rotating disk (453); the rotating disk (453) is rotationally connected to the outer tank body (44); the threaded disk (451) is connected to the first magnetic absorber (454) via magnetic force; and the energy replenishment mechanism (46) further comprises a hydraulic rod (464); the hydraulic rod (464) is rotationally connected to the threaded disk (451).

5. The energy-saving hydraulic drive system with adaptive load according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy replenishment mechanism (46) further comprises a baffle (462), a second spring (463), a circular hole disc (467) and a circular ring (468); the electrically controlled iris ring (466) is fixedly connected to the inner tank body (461) and the circular hole disc (467); the circular hole disc (467) and the first motor (469) are fixedly connected to the outer tank body (44); the circular hole disc (467) is provided with a through hole (4671) and a circular track (4672); an output end of the first motor (469) is transmission-connected to the circular ring (468); the circular ring (468) is rotationally connected to the circular track (4672); an oil hole (4681) is provided on the circular ring (468); the through hole (4671) and the circular track (4672) are provided on the circular ring (468); The holes (4671) and the oil holes (4681) are provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of through holes (4671) and oil holes (4681) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the circular ring (468). The inner tank body (461) is further provided with a bottom hole (4612). The hydraulic rod (464) is slidably connected to the bottom hole (4612). The hydraulic rod (464) is fixedly connected to the baffle plate (462). The second spring (463) is fixedly connected to the inner tank body (461) and the baffle plate (462). The baffle plate (462) is connected to the second magnetic absorber (465) by magnetic force. The second magnetic absorber (465) is fixedly connected to the outer tank body (44) and the inner tank body (461).

6. The energy-saving hydraulic drive system with adaptive load according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder (5) further comprises a sliding rod (52), a regeneration mechanism (53) and a pressure sensor (54); an output hole (513) is further provided on the cylinder body (51); the sliding rod (52) is slidably connected to the output hole (513); the regeneration mechanism (53) comprises a piston body (531), a connecting rod (532) and a servo motor (534); the piston body (531) is slidably connected to the cylinder body (51); the sliding rod (52), the connecting rod (532) and the pressure sensor (54) are all fixedly connected; the piston body (531) and the cylinder body (51) on the side close to the first oil port (511) form a rodless chamber (55); the piston body (531) and the cylinder body (51) on the side close to the second oil port (512) form a rod chamber (56); the pressure sensor (54) and the servo motor (534) are both connected to a control box (65) via electrical signals.

7. The energy-saving hydraulic drive system with adaptive load according to claim 6, characterized in that: The regeneration mechanism (53) further comprises an inner cylinder (533), the piston body (531) being fixedly connected to the connecting rod (532), the piston body (531) being provided with a cylinder cavity (5311) and a semicircular bottom opening (5312), the servo motor (534) being fixedly connected to the cylinder cavity (5311), the output end of the servo motor (534) being fixedly connected to the inner cylinder (533), the inner cylinder (533) being rotatably connected to the cylinder cavity (5311), the connecting rod (532) being provided with a first reflux hole (5321), the inner cylinder (533) being provided with a semicircular leaking hole (5331) and a second reflux hole (5332), the semicircular bottom opening (5312) being in contact with the semicircular leaking hole (5331), and the first reflux hole (5321) being in contact with the second reflux hole (5332).

8. The energy-saving hydraulic drive system with adaptive load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control valve group (6) further comprises a directional valve (62), a flow valve (63) and an overflow valve (64); the directional valve (62), the flow valve (63) and the overflow valve (64) are all in communication with the pipe valve seat (61); and the directional valve (62) and the flow valve (63) are all connected to the control box (65) via electrical signals.

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