Electromagnetic flow detection device
By introducing energy collection and conditioning modules into the electromagnetic flow detection device, the alternating magnetic field energy is recovered and converted into power supply current, the existing device has solved the problems of high energy consumption and short working cycles, and a longer working cycle and lower maintenance costs are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311628859.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
AI Technical Summary
The existing electromagnetic flow detection device works in harsh environments and has a long maintenance cycle, which leads to high energy consumption and makes it difficult to effectively improve the working cycle of the device.
An electromagnetic flow detection device is designed, including an energy collection element and an energy conditioning module. The energy collection element collects alternating magnetic field energy in the tube section of the electromagnetic flow sensor and converts it into electrical pulses. The energy conditioning module converts the electrical pulses into DC current for use by the electromagnetic flow detection device.
By recycling the alternating magnetic field energy, the energy recycling is realized, the live working cycle of the electromagnetic flow detection device is extended, the frequency of battery replacement and maintenance costs are reduced, and the risk of loss of power-down data is reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN120063408A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic flow detection, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic flow detection device. Background Art
[0002] The electromagnetic flowmeter in the industrial control field can be powered by the mains. However, the usage scenarios of electromagnetic water meters are different, and the working environment is relatively harsh. Generally, they are buried deep underground and mostly powered by internal lithium batteries. Moreover, the maintenance period is long (2 years), and it is required that the instrument consumes as little energy as possible to ensure the long-term effective operation of the water meter. To improve the working cycle of the device, the conventional solutions include: 1. By improving the signal detection efficiency and reducing the magnetic field strength in the pipeline, thereby reducing the power consumption of the instrument; 2. Increasing the battery capacity without increasing the assembly cost as much as possible. However, with the development of technology, the benefits brought by these two approaches are basically approaching their ceilings. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an electromagnetic flow detection device that can improve the energy utilization efficiency to further enhance the working cycle of the device. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide an electromagnetic flow detection device, so as to further enhance the working cycle of the device on the basis of the existing low-power electromagnetic flow detection technology and lithium battery capacity.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, this application provides an electromagnetic flow detection device, including: an energy harvesting element, an energy conditioning module, and an electromagnetic flow sensor;
[0005] The energy harvesting element is disposed in the pipe section of the electromagnetic flow sensor for harvesting the alternating magnetic field energy in the pipe section and converting the alternating magnetic field energy into electrical pulses; the energy conditioning module is used to convert the electrical pulses into direct current to power the electromagnetic flow detection device.
[0006] Optionally, the energy harvesting element includes a Wiedemann sensor; the Wiedemann sensor is used to harvest the alternating magnetic field energy in the pipe section and convert the alternating magnetic field energy of each cycle into a pair of electrically symmetrical pulses with symmetrical amplitudes.
[0007] Optionally, the energy harvesting element includes a plurality of the Wiedemann sensors.
[0008] Optionally, the Wiedemann sensors are arranged circumferentially along the pipe section; the long axis direction of the Wiedemann sensor is parallel to the magnetic field direction in the pipe section.
[0009] Optionally, the Wiedemann sensors are arranged radially along the pipe section; the long axis direction of the Wiedemann sensor is parallel to the magnetic field direction in the pipe section.
[0010] Optionally, the lead wires of each of the Weigand sensors are combined into a single cable; the cable is led out through a through hole at the grounding electrode of the electromagnetic flow sensor and is electrically connected to the energy conditioning module; the lead wires are used to transmit the electrical pulses.
[0011] Optionally, a lining is provided inside the pipe section; the lining covers the Weigand sensors and the inner wall of the pipe section.
[0012] Optionally, the energy conditioning module is electrically connected to an internal subsystem of the microprocessor and is used to supply power to the internal subsystem; the electromagnetic flow detection device includes the microprocessor.
[0013] Optionally, the energy conditioning module is electrically connected to one end of the power supply module and is used to charge the energy storage element of the power supply module; the other end of the power supply module is electrically connected to the microprocessor and is used to supply power to the microprocessor; the electromagnetic flow detection device includes the power supply module and the microprocessor.
[0014] Optionally, the power supply module further includes a power quantity judgment and switching switch;
[0015] The power quantity judgment and switching switch is used to switch the energy storage element to supply power to the microprocessor when it is detected that the battery pack in the power supply module has insufficient power.
[0016] An electromagnetic flow detection device provided by the present application includes: an energy collection element, an energy conditioning module, and an electromagnetic flow sensor; the energy collection element is arranged inside the pipe section of the electromagnetic flow sensor and is used to collect the alternating magnetic field energy inside the pipe section and convert the alternating magnetic field energy into electrical pulses; the energy conditioning module is used to convert the electrical pulses into direct current to supply power to the electromagnetic flow detection device.
[0017] Obviously, in the present application, the alternating magnetic field energy inside the pipe section of the electromagnetic flow sensor is recovered through the energy collection element and converted into electrical pulses; then the electrical pulses are converted into direct current through the energy conditioning module, so as to supply power to the electromagnetic flow detection device. This device can effectively recover environmental electromagnetic energy, realize the recycling of energy; on the basis of the existing flow detection technology, it can further extend the overall power-on working cycle of the electromagnetic flow detection device; reduce the battery replacement frequency of the electromagnetic flow detection device; reduce the maintenance cost of the electromagnetic flow detection device; reduce the risk of data loss due to power failure of the electromagnetic flow detection device. Description of the Drawings
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on the provided accompanying drawings.
[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship of each module of an electromagnetic flow detection device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of Wiegand sensors applicable to a pipe network insensitive to pressure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of Wiegand sensors applicable to a pipe network sensitive to pressure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0022] The description of the reference numerals is as follows:
[0023] 11 - First excitation unit; 12 - Second excitation unit; 2 - Pipe section; 3 - Wiegand sensor; 4 - Lining. Specific embodiments
[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.
[0025] The principle of electromagnetic flow detection is Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. When a fluid, as a conductive medium, moves in a working magnetic field to cut the magnetic force lines, an induced electromotive force E will be induced at both ends of the fluid. Its direction is determined by the right-hand rule, and its magnitude is proportional to the magnetic induction intensity B of the magnetic field, the length D of the fluid in the magnetic field, and the moving speed v of the fluid. If B, D, and v are mutually orthogonal, then E = BDv. By measuring the electromotive force E, the flow velocity of the fluid can be deduced. Multiplying v by the cross-sectional area S of the pipe section and the time t can obtain the flow rate Q.
[0026] A necessary condition for the normal operation of an electromagnetic (flowmeter) water meter is a magnetic field of a certain intensity. There are mainly three ways to generate the magnetic field: 1. DC excitation: A DC current generates a magnetic field or a permanent magnet generates a constant magnetic field. Its disadvantage is that the generated DC signal polarizes the flowing medium, causing the center of positive and negative charges to shift, and resulting in a serious one-way drift of the instrument zero point after long-term use; 2. Power frequency sine wave excitation: An alternating magnetic field is generated by a sine alternating current. The advantage is that it avoids the polarization problem of DC excitation, but introduces power frequency interference. A complex orthogonal interference suppression circuit must be used, but it is still difficult to completely eliminate the power frequency interference noise; 3. Rectangular wave excitation: It is currently the mainstream in electromagnetic flow detection. This technology uses power frequency synchronous sampling technology, enabling the instrument to have better anti-power frequency interference ability, higher zero point stability and measurement accuracy. The frequency of low-frequency rectangular wave excitation is generally 1 / 2 to 1 / 32 of the power frequency.
[0027] Since the usage scenario is different from that of electromagnetic flowmeters in the industrial control field which can be powered by the mains, the working environment of electromagnetic water meters is relatively harsh. They are generally buried deep underground and mostly use internal lithium batteries for power supply. Moreover, the maintenance cycle is long (2 years), and it is required that the instrument consumes as little energy as possible to ensure the long-term effective operation of the water meter.
[0028] To increase the battery life, current electromagnetic water meters mostly use intermittent excitation sampling and are in a dormant state for most of the time; and by using the remanence technology, the excitation period can be further reduced and the battery usage efficiency can be improved. The excitation coil is matched with a suitable magnetizing core to form the required working magnetic field. In addition, there are also solutions to increase the battery capacity or solutions that combine with solar cells at the same time.
[0029] The power consumption of the excitation module is the main source of the power consumption of the entire flowmeter. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the signal detection rate, minimizing the excitation power consumption and extending the battery life are the essential requirements for the development of current electromagnetic flow detection technology. Solar power supply has high requirements for the installation position of the instrument, and the instrument's battery panel needs to maintain a certain light flux. In addition, it is also affected by weather and day and night.
[0030] However, whether by reducing the power consumption of the instrument or increasing the battery capacity, the effect of extending the device working cycle is limited. Therefore, this application provides an electromagnetic flow detection device that recovers the energy of the alternating magnetic field in the pipe section of the electromagnetic flow sensor through an energy harvesting element, thereby extending the device working cycle.
[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of each module of an electromagnetic flow detection device provided by an embodiment of this application. The device may include: an energy harvesting element, an energy conditioning module, and an electromagnetic flow sensor;
[0032] The energy harvesting element is disposed within the pipe section 2 of the electromagnetic flow sensor for harvesting the alternating magnetic field energy within the pipe section 2 and converting the alternating magnetic field energy into electrical pulses; the energy conditioning module is used for converting the electrical pulses into direct current to supply power to the electromagnetic flow detection device.
[0033] This embodiment does not limit the specific manner of generating an alternating magnetic field within the pipe section 2 of the electromagnetic flow sensor. For example, the electromagnetic flow detection device of this embodiment may include an excitation module; the excitation module includes a first excitation unit 11 and a second excitation unit 12; the first excitation unit 11 and the second excitation unit 12 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the pipe section 2 of the electromagnetic flow sensor along a direction perpendicular to the fluid movement direction for generating an alternating magnetic field within the pipe section 2 of the electromagnetic flow sensor.
[0034] This embodiment does not limit the specific manner of the electromagnetic flow detection device for achieving flow detection, as long as it can ensure flow detection. For example, the electromagnetic flow detection device may include a signal processing module, an A / D conversion module, and a microprocessor; the electromagnetic flow sensor is electrically connected to one end of the signal processing module for outputting a flow signal and transmitting the flow signal to the signal processing module; the other end of the signal processing module is electrically connected to one end of the A / D conversion module for processing the flow signal and transmitting the processed flow signal to the A / D conversion module; the other end of the A / D conversion module is electrically connected to the microprocessor for performing A / D conversion on the processed flow signal and transmitting the converted flow signal to the microprocessor; so that the microprocessor processes the converted flow signal; the microprocessor can also be used for inputting operation instructions or outputting detection results.
[0035] This embodiment does not limit the specific type of the energy conditioning module, as long as it can ensure conversion of electrical pulses into direct current. For example, the energy conditioning module may be an energy conditioning circuit for converting electrical pulses into direct current; or it may be other electrical devices capable of converting electrical pulses into direct current.
[0036] This embodiment does not limit the specific type of the energy harvesting element, as long as it can ensure harvesting of the alternating magnetic field energy within the pipe section 2 and conversion of the alternating magnetic field energy into electrical pulses. For example, the energy harvesting element may include a Wiedemann sensor 3; the Wiedemann sensor 3 is used for harvesting the alternating magnetic field energy within the pipe section 2 and converting the alternating magnetic field energy of each period into a pair of electrically symmetric pulses. Among them, the electrical pulses are the Wiedemann signals output by the Wiedemann sensor 3.
[0037] Benefiting from the development of electromagnetic flow detection technology, the device is insensitive to the fluid flow field distribution flowing through its pipe section 2 (electromagnetic detection technology is significantly superior to ultrasonic, jet, and mechanical types here). Multiple Wiegand sensors 3 can be arranged in the pipe section 2 of the electromagnetic flow sensor, thereby further improving the energy acquisition efficiency. That is, in this embodiment, the energy harvesting element can include multiple Wiegand sensors 3. This embodiment does not limit the specific arrangement of the multiple Wiegand sensors 3. For example, the Wiegand sensors 3 can be arranged circumferentially along the pipe section 2; the long axis direction of the Wiegand sensors 3 is parallel to the magnetic field direction in the pipe section 2; or the Wiegand sensors 3 can be arranged radially along the pipe section 2; the long axis direction of the Wiegand sensors 3 is parallel to the magnetic field direction in the pipe section 2.
[0038] Furthermore, in order to reduce the modification to the original structure of the electromagnetic flow detection device, the lead wires of each Wiegand sensor 3 in this embodiment can be merged into a single cable; the cable is led out through a through hole at the grounding electrode of the electromagnetic flow sensor and is electrically connected to the energy conditioning module; the lead wires are used to transmit electrical pulses.
[0039] Furthermore, in order to achieve erosion resistance and waterproofing of the Wiegand sensors 3, a lining 4 can be provided in the pipe section 2 in this embodiment; the lining 4 covers the Wiegand sensors 3 and the inner wall of the pipe section 2. In this embodiment, the housing of the Wiegand sensors 3 and the lining 4 of the electromagnetic flow sensor are integrally designed to obtain an Figure 2 integral lining 4 that can cover the Wiegand sensors 3 and the inner wall of the pipe section 2 as shown.
[0040] This embodiment does not limit the specific power supply method for the electromagnetic flow detection device. When the excitation module in the electromagnetic flow detection device operates to generate an alternating magnetic field, the Wiegand sensors 3 collect the alternating magnetic field energy and convert the alternating magnetic field energy into electrical energy. As Figure 1 shown, this energy can be used to power the electromagnetic flow detection device in the following two ways to increase the overall working time of the electromagnetic flow detection device:
[0041] (1) The energy conditioning module is electrically connected to the internal subsystem of the microprocessor and is used to power the internal subsystem; the electromagnetic flow detection device includes a microprocessor. In this way, the energy conditioning module is directly electrically connected to the internal subsystem of the microprocessor, and can directly power the internal subsystem in the microprocessor that matches the energy consumption, which can avoid the cost and energy attenuation problems brought by introducing energy storage elements.
[0042] (2) The energy conditioning module is electrically connected to one end of the power supply module and is used to charge the energy storage element of the power supply module; the other end of the power supply module is electrically connected to the microprocessor and is used to supply power to the microprocessor; the electromagnetic flow detection device includes a power supply module and a microprocessor. In this way, the energy conditioning module is indirectly electrically connected to the microprocessor through the power supply module. When there is enough power stored in the power supply module, it can supply power to the entire microprocessor through the power supply module, with the least modification to the original circuit design of the electromagnetic flow detection device.
[0043] This embodiment does not limit the specific types of the internal subsystems of the microprocessor, which can be any power - required subsystem inside the microprocessor. For example, it can include a communication unit, a clock unit, etc. This embodiment does not limit the specific connection method with the power supply module, and the specific connection method can be determined according to the specific structure of the power supply module. For example, the power supply module can include an energy storage element; the second output terminal can be electrically connected to the energy storage element. This embodiment does not limit the specific type of the energy storage element. For example, the energy storage element can include a rechargeable battery or a supercapacitor.
[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the power supply module further includes a power quantity judgment and switching switch; the power quantity judgment and switching switch is used to switch the energy storage element to supply power to the microprocessor when it detects that the battery pack in the power supply module has insufficient power. It should be noted that when the battery power of the electromagnetic flow detection device is insufficient, it can timely switch the energy storage element to supply power to the microprocessor through the power quantity judgment and switching switch, which can effectively reduce the risk of data loss due to power - off of the electromagnetic flow detection device.
[0045] Based on the above - mentioned embodiment, the present application recovers the alternating magnetic field energy in the pipe section of the electromagnetic flow sensor through an energy harvesting element, converts the alternating magnetic field energy into electrical pulses; then converts the electrical pulses into direct current through an energy conditioning module, so as to supply power to the electromagnetic flow detection device. This device can effectively recover environmental electromagnetic energy, realize the recycling of energy; on the basis of the existing flow detection technology, it can further extend the overall power - on working cycle of the electromagnetic flow detection device; reduce the battery replacement frequency of the electromagnetic flow detection device; reduce the maintenance cost of the electromagnetic flow detection device; reduce the risk of data loss due to power - off of the electromagnetic flow detection device.
[0046] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electromagnetic flow detection device applicable to a pipe network that is insensitive to pressure. The device can include: an energy harvesting element, an energy conditioning module, an electromagnetic flow sensor, and an excitation module;
[0047] The excitation module includes a first excitation unit 11 and a second excitation unit 12; the first excitation unit 11 and the second excitation unit 12 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pipe section 2 of the electromagnetic flow sensor along the direction perpendicular to the fluid movement direction, and are used to generate an alternating magnetic field in the pipe section 2 of the electromagnetic flow sensor; the energy harvesting element is arranged in the pipe section 2 of the electromagnetic flow sensor; the energy harvesting element includes a plurality of Wiedemann sensors 3; the Wiedemann sensors 3 are arranged circumferentially along the pipe section 2; the long axis direction of the Wiedemann sensors 3 is parallel to the magnetic field direction in the pipe section 2; a lining 4 is arranged in the pipe section 2; the lining 4 covers the Wiedemann sensors 3 and the inner wall of the pipe section 2; the Wiedemann sensors 3 are used to harvest the alternating magnetic field energy in the pipe section 2 and convert the alternating magnetic field energy of each cycle into a pair of symmetrically amplitude electric pulses; the lead wires of each Wiedemann sensor 3 are merged into a cable; the cable is led out through a through hole at the grounding electrode of the electromagnetic flow sensor and is electrically connected to the energy conditioning module; the lead wires are used to transmit electric pulses; the energy conditioning module is used to convert the electric pulses into direct current to supply power to the electromagnetic flow detection device.
[0048] The specific arrangement mode of the Wiedemann sensors 3 in this device is as Figure 2 shown. In the figure, multiple Wiedemann sensors 3 are arranged transversely along the pipe section 2, perpendicular to the fluid movement direction, forming a "comb" - shaped arrangement. For large - diameter meters, more Wiedemann sensors 3 can be arranged in this way. In addition, the pipe section 2 adopts an integrated lining 4 that can cover the Wiedemann sensors 3 and the inner wall of the pipe section 2, which can achieve erosion resistance and waterproofing of the Wiedemann sensors 3.
[0049] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electromagnetic flow detection device applicable to a pressure - sensitive pipe network. This device may include: an energy harvesting element, an energy conditioning module, and an electromagnetic flow sensor;
[0050] The energy harvesting element is arranged in the pipe section 2 of the electromagnetic flow sensor; the energy harvesting element includes a plurality of Wiedemann sensors 3; the Wiedemann sensors 3 are arranged radially along the pipe section 2; the long axis direction of the Wiedemann sensors 3 is parallel to the magnetic field direction in the pipe section 2; the Wiedemann sensors 3 are used to harvest the alternating magnetic field energy in the pipe section 2 and convert the alternating magnetic field energy of each cycle into a pair of symmetrically amplitude electric pulses; the lead wires of each Wiedemann sensor 3 are merged into a cable; the cable is led out through a through hole at the grounding electrode of the electromagnetic flow sensor and is electrically connected to the energy conditioning module; the lead wires are used to transmit electric pulses; the energy conditioning module is used to convert the electric pulses into direct current to supply power to the electromagnetic flow detection device.
[0051] The specific arrangement mode of the Wiedemann sensors 3 in this device is as Figure 3As shown in the figure. The multi-Wiegand sensor 3 is longitudinally arranged along the pipe section 2, parallel to the fluid movement direction, forming a "comb" - shaped arrangement. For a pipe network composed of pipe sections 2 with different diameters, the pressure will increase at the splicing positions of pipe sections 2 with different diameters. For such a pressure - sensitive pipe network, this assembly method can be adopted to reduce the flow resistance introduced by the Wiegand sensor 2.
[0052] In this article, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of this application, and there is a progressive relationship between each embodiment. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of this application. For those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of this application, several improvements and modifications can be made to this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.
[0053] It should also be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non - exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.
Claims
1. An electromagnetic flow detection device, characterized in that, it includes: an energy harvesting element, an energy conditioning module, and an electromagnetic flow sensor; the energy harvesting element is arranged inside the pipe section of the electromagnetic flow sensor, and is used to collect the alternating magnetic field energy inside the pipe section and convert the alternating magnetic field energy into electrical pulses; the energy conditioning module is used to convert the electrical pulses into direct current to power the electromagnetic flow detection device.
2. The electromagnetic flow detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the energy harvesting element includes a Wiedemann sensor; the Wiedemann sensor is used to collect the alternating magnetic field energy inside the pipe section and convert the alternating magnetic field energy of each period into a pair of electrical pulses with symmetric amplitudes.
3. The electromagnetic flow detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the energy harvesting element includes a plurality of the Wiedemann sensors.
4. The electromagnetic flow detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the Wiedemann sensors are arranged circumferentially along the pipe section; the long axis direction of the Wiedemann sensor is parallel to the magnetic field direction inside the pipe section.
5. The electromagnetic flow detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the Wiedemann sensors are arranged radially along the pipe section; the long axis direction of the Wiedemann sensor is parallel to the magnetic field direction inside the pipe section.
6. The electromagnetic flow detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the lead wires of each Wiedemann sensor are merged into a cable; the cable is led out from the through hole at the grounding electrode of the electromagnetic flow sensor and is electrically connected to the energy conditioning module; the lead wires are used to transmit the electrical pulses.
7. The electromagnetic flow detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, a lining is arranged inside the pipe section; the lining covers the Wiedemann sensors and the inner wall of the pipe section.
8. The electromagnetic flow detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the energy conditioning module is electrically connected to the internal subsystem of the microprocessor and is used to power the internal subsystem; the electromagnetic flow detection device includes the microprocessor.
9. The electromagnetic flow detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the energy conditioning module is electrically connected to one end of the power supply module and is used to charge the energy storage element of the power supply module; the other end of the power supply module is electrically connected to the microprocessor and is used to power the microprocessor; the electromagnetic flow detection device includes the power supply module and the microprocessor.
10. The electromagnetic flow detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that, the power supply module further includes a power quantity judgment and switching switch; the power quantity judgment and switching switch is used to switch the energy storage element to power the microprocessor when it is detected that the battery pack in the power supply module has insufficient power.