3D display device and 3D display method

Abstract

The invention provides a 3D display device and a 3D display method. The 3D display device comprises a display panel which comprises a black matrix and a plurality of light filtering units; the plurality of light filtering units comprise a first type of light filtering units and a second type of light filtering units, the light of the first type of light filtering units is set to be watched by the left eye of the user, and the light of the second type of light filtering units is set to be watched by the right eye of the user. And the human eye tracking device is set to detect human eye positions. The grating panel comprises a plurality of gratings, and a grating slit is formed between every two adjacent gratings; and the grating panel is positioned on one side of the display panel and is arranged to adjust the positions of the plurality of gratings according to the positions of human eyes, so that light rays from the backlight source penetrate through the grating slits, pass through the first type of filtering units and the second type of filtering units and then respectively reach the left eye and the right eye of a user. Wherein the black matrix is set to adjust the size of the black matrix in the plane of the display panel according to the position of the grating before and after adjustment, so that the adjustment process of the position of the grating is not perceived by human eyes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This document relates to, but is not limited to, display technologies, and particularly to a 3D display device and a 3D display method. Background Art

[0002] Some display devices use the technology of reproducing binocular parallax to achieve naked-eye 3D display. By dividing a display panel into multiple left-view regions and right-view regions that are spaced apart from each other, and controlling the user's left eye to view the images in the left-view regions and the right eye to view the images in the right-view regions, the user's left and right eyes respectively receive two view images with parallax, and a 3D picture is synthesized in the brain. In this technology, a grating structure is provided in the display device, and the light transmission conditions of different regions on the display panel are controlled through the grating, so that the left and right eyes of the user respectively receive light from different view regions, and the user can view the clearest 3D picture by adjusting the opening position of the grating.

[0003] However, during the process of adjusting the opening position of the grating, the human eye is prone to observe the shearing process of the grating, resulting in flicker in the displayed picture. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The following is an overview of the subject matter described in detail in this document. This overview is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims.

[0005] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a 3D display device and a 3D display method to solve the picture flicker caused by the human eye observing the shearing process of the grating.

[0006] On the one hand, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a 3D display device, including: a display panel, including a black matrix and a plurality of filter units; the plurality of filter units include a first type of filter unit and a second type of filter unit, and the light of the first type of filter unit is set for the user's left eye to view, and the light of the second type of filter unit is set for the user's right eye to view; an eye tracking device, set to detect the position of the human eye; a grating panel, including a plurality of gratings, with grating slits between adjacent gratings; the grating panel is located on one side of the display panel, and is set to adjust the positions of the plurality of gratings according to the position of the human eye, so that the light from the backlight source passes through the grating slits and reaches the user's left and right eyes respectively after passing through the first type of filter unit and the second type of filter unit; wherein, the black matrix is set to adjust its own size in the plane of the display panel according to the positions of the gratings before and after adjustment, so that the adjustment process of the positions of the gratings is not perceived by the human eye.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, in a direction perpendicular to the display device, the distance between the opposite side surfaces of the grating and the filter unit is a first height; the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, and in the plane of the display panel, the size of the sub-pixel is the sum of the size of a single filter unit and the size of the black matrix located between adjacent filter units; the grating panel adjusts the positions of the plurality of gratings according to the position of the human eye, including: the grating panel adjusts the positions of the plurality of gratings according to the first height, the sub-pixel size, and the position of the human eye, so that the light from the backlight passes through the grating slits, the first type of filter unit, and the second type of filter unit and reaches the left and right eyes of the user at the current position.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment, the position of the human eye includes: the viewing distance of the user in a direction perpendicular to the display device, and the distance between the pupils of the user's two eyes.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the grating panel includes an upper substrate and a lower substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a grating liquid crystal layer disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate; the first height is the distance between the opposite side surfaces of the grating liquid crystal layer and the filter unit, and the grating panel adjusts the position of the grating by controlling the light transmission of the grating liquid crystal layer.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment, the black matrix adjusts its size in the plane of the display panel according to the positions of the grating before and after adjustment, including: the black matrix adjusts its size in the plane of the display panel according to the sum of the positions of the grating before and after adjustment and the grating offset distance caused by the error of the eye tracking accuracy of the eye tracking device.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, the black matrix adjusts its size in the plane of the display panel according to the positions of the grating before and after adjustment, including: the black matrix adjusts its size in the plane of the display panel according to the positions of the grating before and after adjustment and the fluctuation value of the size of the black matrix caused by the pupil size of the user.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, the black matrix adjusts its size in the plane of the display panel according to the positions of the grating before and after adjustment, including: the black matrix adjusts its size in the plane of the display panel according to the positions of the grating before and after adjustment and the fluctuation value of the size of the black matrix caused by the process deviation of the grating.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment, the black matrix adjusts its size in the plane of the display panel according to the positions of the grating before and after adjustment, including: the black matrix adjusts its size in the plane of the display panel according to the positions of the grating before and after adjustment and the fluctuation value of the size of the black matrix caused by the delay time of the human eye tracking device.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, in a direction perpendicular to the display device, the black matrix includes a light-shielding common electrode and a plurality of light-shielding electrodes arranged oppositely, and a light-shielding liquid crystal layer located between the light-shielding common electrode and the plurality of light-shielding electrodes; the black matrix adjusts its size in the plane of the display panel by controlling the light transmission of the light-shielding liquid crystal layer.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment, the display panel includes an array substrate and a color filter substrate arranged in a pair, and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the array substrate and the color filter substrate; the black matrix and the plurality of light filtering units are arranged on the color filter substrate.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment, in a direction from the center of the display panel to the edge, the size of the black matrix in the plane of the display panel gradually decreases.

[0017] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a 3D display method, which is applied to the 3D display device as described above; including: determining the human eye position according to a signal from a human eye tracking device, and when the human eye position changes, determining the target position of the grating according to the changed human eye position; the target position of the grating is set so that light from a backlight source passes through the grating slits of the grating panel and reaches the user's left eye and right eye respectively after passing through the first type of light filtering unit and the second type of light filtering unit of the display panel; adjusting the size of the black matrix in the plane of the display panel according to the current position and the target position of the grating, and using the black matrix to block the adjustment process of the grating from the current position to the target position, so that the adjustment process of the position of the grating is not perceived by the human eye; adjusting the position of the grating according to the target position.

[0018] The 3D display device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can avoid the screen flicker seen by the human eye and improve the user experience by setting the size of the black matrix to be adjustable and adjusting the size of the black matrix before the position of the grating changes, and using the black matrix to block the shear process of the grating. It solves the problem of screen flicker caused by the human eye observing the shear process of the grating.

[0019] Other aspects can be understood after reading and understanding the drawings and the detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solutions of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solutions of the present application and do not constitute a limitation to the technical solutions of the present application.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display device;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display panel;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display device in an exemplary embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of light passing through a grating slit and a light filtering unit in an exemplary embodiment;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional structure diagram of a display device in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of light passing through a grating slit and a light filtering unit in another exemplary embodiment;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a user viewing at the middle position directly facing the display device in an exemplary embodiment;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the distance relationship between a user and a display device when viewing the display device in an exemplary embodiment. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The present disclosure describes multiple embodiments, but the description is exemplary rather than restrictive, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, there can be more embodiments and implementation solutions within the scope of the embodiments described in the present disclosure. Although many possible feature combinations are shown in the accompanying drawings and discussed in the detailed implementation manners, many other combination ways of the disclosed features are also possible. Unless specifically restricted, any feature or element of any embodiment can be combined with any other feature or element in any other embodiment, or can replace any other feature or element in any other embodiment.

[0030] The present disclosure includes and contemplates combinations with features and elements known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments, features, and elements already disclosed in the present disclosure can also be combined with any conventional features or elements to form a unique inventive solution defined by the claims. Any feature or element of any embodiment can also be combined with features or elements from other inventive solutions to form another unique inventive solution defined by the claims. Therefore, it should be understood that any feature shown and / or discussed in the present disclosure can be implemented alone or in any suitable combination. Therefore, the embodiments are not subject to other limitations except those made in accordance with the appended claims and their equivalents. In addition, various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of protection of the appended claims.

[0031] In the drawings, sometimes for clarity, the sizes of one or more constituent elements, the thicknesses of layers, or regions are exaggerated. Therefore, one aspect of the present disclosure is not necessarily limited to such dimensions, and the shapes and sizes of one or more components in the drawings do not reflect the true proportions. In addition, the drawings schematically show ideal examples, and one aspect of the present disclosure is not limited to the shapes or values shown in the drawings.

[0032] The ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", "third", etc. in this specification are provided to avoid confusion of constituent elements and are not intended to limit in terms of quantity. "A plurality" in the present disclosure means two or more.

[0033] In this specification, for convenience, terms indicating orientation or positional relationships such as "middle", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are used to describe the positional relationships of constituent elements with reference to the drawings, which are only for facilitating the description of this specification and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation to the present disclosure. The positional relationships of the constituent elements are appropriately changed according to the directions of the described constituent elements. Therefore, it is not limited to the terms described in the specification and can be appropriately replaced according to the circumstances.

[0034] In this specification, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "install", "connect", and "couple" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate member, or the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the meanings of the above terms in this disclosure can be understood according to the circumstances. Among them, "electrical connection" includes the case where the constituent elements are connected together through an element having a certain electrical effect. There is no particular limitation on the "element having a certain electrical effect" as long as it can transmit electrical signals between the constituent elements that can be connected. Examples of the "element having a certain electrical effect" include not only electrodes and wirings, but also switching elements such as transistors, resistors, inductors, capacitors, and other elements having various functions.

[0035] In this specification, a transistor refers to an element having at least three terminals including a gate electrode, a drain electrode, and a source electrode. The transistor has a channel region between the drain electrode (drain electrode terminal, drain region, or drain) and the source electrode (source electrode terminal, source region, or source), and current can flow through the drain electrode, the channel region, and the source electrode. In this specification, the channel region refers to the region where current mainly flows.

[0036] In this specification, to distinguish the two poles of a transistor other than the gate, one of the electrodes is referred to as the first pole and the other electrode is referred to as the second pole. For example, the first pole can be the drain electrode and the second pole can be the source electrode, or the first pole can be the source electrode and the second pole can be the drain electrode. In the case of using transistors with opposite polarities or when the current direction changes during circuit operation, etc., the functions of the "source electrode" and "drain electrode" sometimes swap. Therefore, in this specification, the "source electrode" and "drain electrode" can be swapped with each other, and the "source terminal" and "drain terminal" can be swapped with each other.

[0037] In this specification, "parallel" means a state where the angle formed by two straight lines is -10° or more and 10° or less, and thus also includes a state where the angle is -5° or more and 5° or less. Additionally, "perpendicular" means a state where the angle formed by two straight lines is 80° or more and 100° or less, and thus also includes an angle state of 85° or more and 95° or less.

[0038] Triangles, rectangles, trapezoids, pentagons, hexagons, etc. in this specification are not strictly defined and can be approximate triangles, rectangles, trapezoids, pentagons, hexagons, etc. There can be some small deformations due to tolerances, and there can be chamfers, arc edges, and deformations, etc.

[0039] "About" in this disclosure means not strictly defining the boundary and allowing values within the process and measurement error ranges.

[0040] As used in the present disclosure, "A and B are disposed on the same layer" means that A and B are formed simultaneously through the same patterning process.

[0041] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display device. As Figure 1 shown, the display device may include a stacked display panel 1, a grating panel 2, and a backlight 3. The display panel 1 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel. The grating panel 2 may include a plurality of gratings 21. The plurality of gratings 21 all extend in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. In the plane of the grating panel 2, the width of each grating 21 in a direction perpendicular to its own extension direction is a first width d1, and the distance between adjacent gratings 21 is a second width d2. A part of the light emitted by the backlight 3 is blocked by the gratings 21, and another part of the light passes through the slits between the gratings 21 and is divided into light in the left viewing area and light in the right viewing area by the plurality of gratings 21. The light in the left viewing area forms an image for the user's left eye to view after passing through the display panel 1, and the light in the right viewing area forms an image for the user's right eye to view after passing through the display panel 1, enabling the user to experience a 3D image. The opening position of the grating panel 2 can be adjusted according to the distance between the user and the display device, so that the user can view the clearest 3D image at the current position. For example, an eye tracking device (not shown in the figure) can be used to adjust the first width d1 of the grating 21 according to the data of the eye tracking device, and further control the opening position of the grating panel 2. Figure 1 In the figure, the grating panel 2 is taken as an example where it is located on the side of the display panel 1 close to the backlight 3. In other embodiments, the grating panel 2 may be located on the side of the display panel 1 away from the backlight 3. The light from the backlight may first pass through the display panel 1 and then pass through the grating panel 2. The present disclosure does not limit this. In other embodiments, the backlight 3 may be a side-injection light source. The present disclosure does not limit this.

[0043] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display panel. As Figure 2As shown, the display panel may include a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate 100 of a cell, a color filter (CF) substrate 200, and a liquid crystal layer 300 disposed between the array substrate 100 and the color filter substrate 200. The liquid crystal layer 300 includes liquid crystal (LC) molecules. At least one support pillar 311 may be disposed between the array substrate 100 and the color filter substrate 200. The support pillar 311 may maintain a suitable distance between the display substrate 100 and the opposite substrate 200 to ensure normal display of the display panel. The array substrate 100 may include a first structural layer 102 disposed on one side of the first substrate 101 facing the color filter substrate 200, and the color filter substrate 200 may include a second structural layer 202 disposed on one side of the second substrate 201 facing the array substrate 100.

[0044] LCDs can be classified into twisted nematic (TN) display mode, in-plane switching (IPS) display mode, fringe field switching (FFS) display mode, advanced super dimension switching (ADS) display mode, etc. according to the display mode. In an exemplary embodiment, for the ADS display mode, the first structural layer 102 may include gate lines, data lines, a first transistor, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The first electrode may be a pixel electrode, and the second electrode may be a common electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode are used to generate an electric field for controlling the deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer, thereby realizing the display of a specific gray scale. The first transistor is electrically connected to the first electrode, the data line, and the gate line respectively. The scanning signal transmitted by the gate line may control the on / off of the first transistor. After the first transistor is turned on, the pixel voltage transmitted on the data line may be output to the first electrode. The first transistor may serve as a switching unit to realize the display of the display panel. The first structural layer 102 may include a common voltage line, and the second electrode may be connected to the common voltage line, which can reduce its own resistance, reduce the voltage drop of signal transmission, and improve the display effect.

[0045] In an exemplary embodiment, the second structural layer 202 may include a black matrix 211 and color filter units 220 of multiple different colors. After passing through the color filter units 220 of corresponding colors, the light presents corresponding colors, forming a display on the display panel. The black matrix 211 may surround the periphery of multiple color filter units 220 and may be located between multiple color filter units 220, which can not only prevent light leakage of the display panel but also prevent crosstalk of light passing through adjacent color filter units. In an exemplary embodiment, the color filter units 220 may include three colors: red, green, and blue. Alternatively, the color filter units 220 may include four colors: red, green, blue, and white. A color filter unit of one color may correspond to a sub-pixel region of the display panel. The colors, sizes, shapes, and arrangements of the color filter units 220 can be set as needed, and the present disclosure places no restrictions thereon.

[0046] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display device in an exemplary embodiment, omitting the backlight source and partial structures of the display panel. As Figure 3 shown, the array substrate 100 of the display panel may be connected to an integrated circuit (IC) 4 and a first circuit board 801 respectively, and the first circuit board 801 may be a flexible circuit board. A first sealant 301 may be provided between the array substrate 100 and the color film substrate 200 to enclose the liquid crystal layer 300 between the array substrate 100 and the color film substrate 200. A grating panel may be provided on a side of the array substrate 100 away from the color film substrate 200, and the grating panel may be connected to the display panel through a first adhesive layer 601. A first polarizer 501 may be provided on a side of the grating panel away from the display panel, a second polarizer 502 may be provided between the grating panel and the display panel, and a third polarizer 503 may be provided on a side of the display panel away from the grating panel. By providing the grating panel and the display panel to share the second polarizer 502, the number of polarizers provided in the display device can be saved, which helps to reduce the thickness of the display device.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment, the grating panel may be a TN electronic grating liquid crystal cell. When the display device needs to perform 2D display, the grating panel can be turned off. When the display device needs to perform 3D display, the opening position of the grating panel can be adjusted according to the position information of the human eye in front of the display device obtained by the human eye tracking device in real time, enabling the user to view the clearest 3D picture. As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the grating panel may include an upper substrate 701 and a lower substrate 703 which are oppositely arranged, and a grating liquid crystal layer (not shown in the figure) disposed between the upper substrate 701 and the lower substrate 703. Grating support columns 707 may be disposed between the upper substrate 701 and the lower substrate 703 to maintain a proper distance between the upper substrate 701 and the lower substrate 703. A second sealant 708 may be disposed between the upper substrate 701 and the lower substrate 703 to enclose the grating liquid crystal layer between the upper substrate 701 and the lower substrate 703. A grating common electrode 702 may be disposed on one side of the upper substrate 701 close to the lower substrate 703. On one side of the lower substrate 703 close to the upper substrate 701, a plurality of first grating electrodes 704, a first isolation layer 705 and a plurality of second grating electrodes 706 may be sequentially disposed. The lower substrate 703 may be connected to a second circuit board 802, and the second circuit board 802 may be a flexible circuit board. The first grating electrodes 704 may be in the shape of strips extending in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and the plurality of first grating electrodes 704 may be parallel to each other. The second grating electrodes 706 may be in the shape of strips extending in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and the plurality of second grating electrodes 706 may be parallel to each other. In a plane perpendicular to the display device, the first grating electrodes 704 and the second grating electrodes 706 may be alternately arranged. By controlling the electric field between the first grating electrodes 704 and the second grating electrodes 706, the liquid crystal located between the upper substrate 701 and the lower substrate 703 can be deflected, enabling specific regions of the grating panel to transmit light, so that the user's left and right eyes receive different lights respectively. As Figure 3 shown, in a direction perpendicular to the display device, the distance between the grating and the display panel is a first height H1. The first height H1 may be referred to as the placement height of the grating. For example, the first height H1 may be the distance between the filter unit 220 and the opposite side surface of the grating layer. The grating layer may include a grating common electrode 702, a grating liquid crystal layer, a plurality of first grating electrodes 704 and a plurality of second grating electrodes 706. Figure 3 The figure schematically shows that the distance between the grating common electrode 702 and the opposite side surface of the filter unit 220 is the first height H1. Depending on the film layer settings and distributions of the grating layer, the surface of the grating layer opposite to the filter unit 220 may also be different. The value of the first height H1 may be set as needed, and the present disclosure places no restrictions thereon.

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of light passing through the grating slit and the filter unit in an exemplary embodiment. As Figure 4As shown, the light filtering unit 220 of the display panel includes a first type of light filtering unit 221 corresponding to the user's left eye and a second type of light filtering unit 222 corresponding to the user's right eye. The first type of light filtering unit 221 and the second type of light filtering unit 222 can be alternately arranged. In the direction perpendicular to the display device, after the light passes through the first type of light filtering unit 221, it reaches the user's left eye, and after the light passes through the second type of light filtering unit 222, it reaches the user's right eye, enabling the user's left and right eyes to receive different picture information. Figure 4 In it, LE1 represents the left eye position of the user at the first position, RE1 represents the right eye position of the user at the first position, LE2 represents the left eye position of the user at the second position, and RE2 represents the right eye position of the user at the second position. As Figure 4 shown, when the eye tracking device detects that the user is at the first position, the grating panel can control the passage of light through the grating liquid crystal to form a plurality of opaque gratings 21. The light from the backlight source (not shown in the figure) can pass through the grating slits Q1 between the gratings 21 and then pass through the first type of light filtering unit 221 and the second type of light filtering unit 222. The light passing through the first type of light filtering unit 221 reaches the user's left eye LE1, and the light passing through the second type of light filtering unit 222 reaches the user's right eye RE1, enabling the user to view a 3D picture at the first position. When the eye tracking device detects that the user changes from the first position to the second position, the grating panel can adjust the position of the grating 21 by controlling the grating liquid crystal, so that the light can pass through the first type of light filtering unit 221 and the second type of light filtering unit 222 after passing through the grating slit Q2, ensuring that the user can view a clear 3D picture at the second position. Figure 4 In it, the grating slit Q2 corresponding to the second position is represented by a dashed line, and the grating corresponding to the grating slit Q2 is omitted for illustration. As Figure 4 shown, the positions of the grating slit Q1 and the grating slit Q2 in the plane of the display device are not the same. During the shearing process of the grating panel from the form of the grating slit Q1 to the form of the grating slit Q2, the light will still enter the human eye, making the change in the position of the grating perceptible to the human eye, and the picture viewed by the user flickers, affecting the user experience.

[0049] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a 3D display device, including: a display panel including a black matrix and a plurality of light filtering units; the plurality of light filtering units include a first type of light filtering unit and a second type of light filtering unit, the light of the first type of light filtering unit is set for the left eye of the user to view, and the light of the second type of light filtering unit is set for the right eye of the user to view; an eye tracking device configured to detect the position of the human eye; a grating panel including a plurality of gratings, with grating slits between adjacent gratings; the grating panel is located on one side of the display panel and is configured to adjust the positions of the plurality of gratings according to the eye position, so that the light from the backlight source passes through the grating slits and reaches the left eye and the right eye of the user after passing through the first type of light filtering unit and the second type of light filtering unit; wherein, the black matrix is configured to adjust its own size in the plane of the display panel according to the positions of the gratings before and after adjustment, so that the adjustment process of the positions of the gratings is not perceptible to the human eye.

[0050] For the 3D display device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting the size of the black matrix to be adjustable and adjusting the size of the black matrix before the position of the grating changes, and using the black matrix to block the shearing process of the grating, the human eye will not perceive the shearing process of the grating, which can avoid the flicker of the picture seen by the human eye and improve the user experience.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, the size of the black matrix is the size of the black matrix in the plane of the display device. By changing the size of the black matrix, the coverage range of the black matrix can be adjusted, so that the shearing process of the grating is invisible to the human eye.

[0052] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional structure diagram of the display device in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 Different from Figure 3 is that the structure of the black matrix in the color filter substrate 200 is different, and the rest can be referred to the description of Figure 3 herein, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0053] As Figure 5 shown, the light filtering unit includes a first type of light filtering unit 221 and a second type of light filtering unit 222. The light filtering unit can be arranged on the side of the black matrix close to the liquid crystal layer 300, and a second isolation layer 401 can be arranged between the light filtering unit and the black matrix. In other embodiments, the light filtering unit can be arranged on the side of the black matrix far from the liquid crystal layer 300, and the present disclosure does not limit this. The black matrix can include a light-shielding common electrode 403 arranged oppositely, a plurality of light-shielding electrodes 402, and a light-shielding liquid crystal layer (not shown in the figure) located between the light-shielding common electrode 403 and the plurality of light-shielding electrodes 402. By cooperating the light-shielding common electrode 403 and the plurality of light-shielding electrodes 402, the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in the light-shielding liquid crystal layer can be controlled, so that the size and coverage area of the black matrix are adjustable, thereby realizing the cooperation with the grating panel. AsFigure 5 As shown, the light-shielding common electrode 403 can be disposed on the side of the plurality of light-shielding electrodes 402 close to the second substrate 201, and a third sealant 404 can be disposed between the second substrate 201 and the second isolation layer 401 to confine the light-shielding liquid crystal layer between the light-shielding common electrode 403 and the plurality of light-shielding electrodes 402. In Figure 5 the working process of the display device shown, after the eye tracking device detects a change in the eye position, a grating adjustment scheme can be calculated, and then the black matrix can be adjusted first according to the grating adjustment scheme, and then the grating panel can be adjusted according to the grating adjustment scheme. Under the occlusion of the black matrix, the user will not perceive the adjustment process of the grating, thereby eliminating the phenomenon of screen flicker.

[0054] Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic diagram of light passing through a grating slit and a light filtering unit in yet another exemplary embodiment. Figure 6 In contrast to Figure 4 the difference is that Figure 6 the black matrix 211 in Figure 6 can occlude the shearing process of the grating 21 from the form of the grating slit Q1 to the form of the grating slit Q2. As Figure 6 shown, before the grating panel shears from the form of the grating slit Q1 to the form of the grating slit Q2, the black matrix 211 can be adjusted to the

[0055] Figure 7 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a user viewing the display device at the middle position directly opposite the display device. As Figure 7 shown, A represents the position of the user, A is directly opposite the middle of the display device. When the user views the display device at position A, the viewing distance L1 of the light filtering unit in the middle of the display panel is less than the viewing distance L2 of the light filtering units on both sides of the display panel, and the viewing distance increases sequentially from the middle of the display panel to both sides. The inventors of the present application have found through research that the smaller the viewing distance, the larger the size of the black matrix 211 that needs to be set, so as to completely occlude the shearing process of the grating 21. As Figure 7 shown, the size of the black matrix 211 can be set to gradually increase from the middle of the display panel to the edge, the first size S1 is less than the second size S2, and the second size S2 is less than the third size S3. By setting the size of the black matrix 211 in advance according to the viewing distance, when the size of the black matrix 211 needs to be adjusted subsequently, the adjustment amplitude can be smaller, and the adjustment speed of the black matrix 211 can be improved.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment, the correspondence between the viewing distance of the user and the size of the black matrix 211 can be set in advance. After the eye tracking device detects the distance between the user and the display device, the size of the black matrix 211 at different positions on the display panel can be adjusted accordingly to ensure that the user will not see the screen flickering.

[0057] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the distance relationship between the user and the display device in an exemplary embodiment. As Figure 8 shown, the distance between the pupils of the user's two eyes is Pd, the sub-pixel size of the display panel is Px, the viewing distance of the user in the direction perpendicular to the display device is L, the placement height of the grating is H1, and the sub-pixel size Px can be the sum of the size of a single filter unit and the black matrix 211. Figure 8 What is marked in it is the size of a single filter unit 222 and half of the black matrix 211 on both sides of the filter unit 222. According to the relationship of similar triangles, the following formulas (1) and (2) can be obtained:

[0058] Px / Pd = H1 / (H1 + L) (1)

[0059] Px / d2 = L / (H1 + L) (2)

[0060] Combining the above formulas (1) and (2), the following formulas (3) and (4) can be obtained:

[0061] d2 = Px * Pd / (Pd - Px) (3)

[0062] H1 = L * Px / (Pd - Px) (4)

[0063] For the first width d1 of the grating 21 and the second width d2 of the grating slit, there can be formula (5):

[0064] d1 = 2 * d2 (5)

[0065] Taking a 11-inch display panel used in the display device as an example, the optimal viewing distance L is about 500 millimeters (mm), the sub-pixel size Px is about 92.13 micrometers (um), the grating placement height H1 is about 1.065 mm. Combining formulas (3) to (5), d2 can be calculated to be about 184.52 um.

[0066] For an 11-inch display panel, the size S of the black matrix is about 12 um. Next, consider the size fluctuation value of the black matrix brought by different influencing factors.

[0067] In an exemplary embodiment, the maximum error of the eye tracking accuracy A of the human eye tracking device is about 5 mm. When the eye tracking accuracy A takes the maximum error, the maximum offset distance X of the grating is X = A * h / L = 7.1 μm, where h represents the equivalent distance of light propagation and is related to the refractive index of the medium of the grating layer. When the refractive index of the medium of the grating layer is 1.5, h = H1 / 1.5. When the grating is offset, the position of the picture seen through the grating slit at the actual position of the human eye fluctuates. The fluctuation Y1 caused by the maximum offset distance X of the grating is Y1 = X * L / (L + h) = 7.1 μm, and this value exceeds half of the size S of the black matrix.

[0068] In an exemplary embodiment, the range of the pupil size B of the human eye is about 2.5 mm to 4 mm. Taking B = 4 mm as an example, the fluctuation value Y2 of the black matrix caused by the pupil size is Y2 = B * h / (L + h) = 5.67 μm.

[0069] In an exemplary embodiment, the grating is generally formed by mask exposure. The maximum value of the accuracy deviation C of the grating slit in an 11-inch display panel is about 4 μm. The fluctuation value Y3 of the black matrix caused by the process deviation of the grating is Y3 = C / 2 * L / (L + h) = 2 μm.

[0070] In an exemplary embodiment, the human eye tracking device has a delay time E, and the maximum error of the delay time E is about 15 milliseconds (ms). Calculated according to the conventional human eye translation speed of 0.0691° / ms, the delay angle is about 1.0365°, and the corresponding human eye movement distance is about 500 × tan(1.0365°) = 9.046156 mm. The fluctuation value Y4 of the black matrix caused by the delay time E of the human eye tracking device can be obtained as Y4 = E * h / (L + h) = 12.83 μm.

[0071] Combining the above analysis, it can be seen that under the above several influencing factors, the maximum value Z of the fluctuation value of the black matrix size of an 11-inch display panel is Z = 2 * Y1 + Y2 + Y3 + Y4 = 34.7 μm. After rounding, it can be obtained that the adjustable range of the black matrix size of an 11-inch display panel is at least greater than 35 μm.

[0072] In addition, there are other factors that can cause the fluctuation value of the black matrix. For example, after the human eye tracking device determines the position of the human eye, when the moving distance of the grating slit is small, due to the small size of the grating slit (about 4 μm), the influence on the actual display effect is limited. In this case, the size of the black matrix can be adjusted to adjust the actual display effect, and it can be designed in combination with specific products, which will not be elaborated here.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, combining the above description of Figure 7Regarding the description, there is a certain relationship between the viewing distance L of the user and the size of the black matrix. The smaller the viewing distance L, the larger the size of the black matrix 211 that needs to be set. Table 1 takes an 11-inch display panel as an example and lists the corresponding relationship between the viewing distance L and the size of the black matrix. The values in Table 1 can be combined with the fluctuation value of the black matrix to design the variable range of the black matrix size.

[0074] Table 1

[0075]

[0076] When designing the size of the black matrix for display panels of other sizes, the above design of the fluctuation value of the black matrix for the 11-inch display panel and the relationship between the viewing distance L and the size of the black matrix can be referred to, which will not be elaborated here.

[0077] The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a 3D display method, which is applied to the 3D display device as described above; including: determining the human eye position according to the signal from the human eye tracking device, and when the human eye position changes, determining the target position of the grating according to the changed human eye position; the target position of the grating is set so that the light from the backlight source passes through the grating slits of the grating panel and reaches the user's left eye and right eye respectively after passing through the first type of light filtering unit and the second type of light filtering unit of the display panel; adjusting the size of the black matrix in the plane of the display panel according to the current position and the target position of the grating, and using the black matrix to block the adjustment process of the grating from the current position to the target position, so that the adjustment process of the position of the grating is not perceived by the human eye; adjusting the position of the grating according to the target position.

[0078] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A 3D display device, characterized in that: include: The display panel comprises a black matrix and a plurality of filter units; the plurality of filter units comprise a first type of filter unit and a second type of filter unit, the light of the first type of filter unit is arranged to be viewed by a user's left eye, and the light of the second type of filter unit is arranged to be viewed by a user's right eye; an eye tracking device configured to detect eye position; A grating panel, comprising a plurality of gratings, with grating slits between adjacent gratings; the grating panel is located on one side of the display panel, and is configured to adjust the positions of the plurality of gratings according to the position of the human eye, so that light from a backlight source passes through the grating slits and reaches the left eye and the right eye of the user respectively after passing through the first type of filter unit and the second type of filter unit; The black matrix is ​​configured to adjust its size in the display panel plane according to the position of the grating before and after adjustment, so as to shield the adjustment process of the grating position and make the adjustment process of the grating position imperceptible to human eyes.

2. The 3D display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a direction perpendicular to the display device, the distance between the grating and the opposite side surface of the filter unit is a first height; the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, and in the plane of the display panel, the sub-pixel size is the sum of the size of a single filter unit and a black matrix located between adjacent filter units; The grating panel adjusts the positions of the plurality of gratings according to the position of the human eye, including: The grating panel adjusts the positions of the multiple gratings according to the first height, the sub-pixel size and the position of the human eye, so that the light from the backlight source passes through the grating slits, the first type of filter unit and the second type of filter unit to reach the left eye and the right eye of the user at the current position.

3. The 3D display device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The eye position includes: the viewing distance of the user in a direction perpendicular to the display device, and the distance between the pupils of the user's two eyes.

4. The 3D display device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grating panel includes an upper substrate and a lower substrate which are arranged opposite to each other, and a grating liquid crystal layer arranged between the upper substrate and the lower substrate; the first height is the distance between the grating liquid crystal layer and the opposite side surface of the filter unit, and the grating panel adjusts the position of the grating by controlling the light transmittance of the grating liquid crystal layer.

5. The 3D display device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The black matrix adjusts its size in the plane of the display panel according to the position of the grating before and after the adjustment, including: The black matrix adjusts its size within the display panel plane according to the position of the grating before and after adjustment and the sum of the grating offset distances caused by the error in the eye tracking accuracy of the human eye tracking device.

6. The 3D display device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The black matrix adjusts its size in the plane of the display panel according to the position of the grating before and after the adjustment, including: The black matrix adjusts its size within the display panel plane according to the position of the grating before and after adjustment and the fluctuation value of the size of the black matrix caused by the pupil size of the user.

7. The 3D display device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The black matrix adjusts its size in the plane of the display panel according to the position of the grating before and after the adjustment, including: The black matrix adjusts its size within the display panel plane according to the position of the grating before and after adjustment and the fluctuation value of the size of the black matrix caused by the process deviation of the grating.

8. The 3D display device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The black matrix adjusts its size in the plane of the display panel according to the position of the grating before and after the adjustment, including: The black matrix adjusts its size within the display panel plane according to the position of the grating before and after adjustment and the fluctuation value of the size of the black matrix caused by the delay time of the human eye tracking device.

9. The 3D display device according to claim 2, characterized in that: In a direction perpendicular to the display device, the black matrix includes relatively arranged shading common electrodes, multiple shading electrodes, and a shading liquid crystal layer located between the shading common electrodes and the multiple shading electrodes; the black matrix adjusts its size within the plane of the display panel by controlling the light transmittance of the shading liquid crystal layer.

10. The 3D display device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The display panel comprises an array substrate and a color filter substrate which are arranged in a box, and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the array substrate and the color filter substrate; the black matrix and the plurality of filter units are arranged on the color filter substrate.

11. The 3D display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a direction from the center to the edge of the display panel, the size of the black matrix in the plane of the display panel gradually decreases.

12. A 3D display method, characterized in that: A 3D display device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising: The human eye position is determined according to the signal from the human eye tracking device, and when the human eye position changes, the target position of the grating is determined according to the changed human eye position; the target position of the grating is set to allow light from the backlight source to pass through the grating slits of the grating panel and pass through the first type of filter unit and the second type of filter unit of the display panel to reach the left eye and the right eye of the user respectively; adjusting the size of the black matrix in the plane of the display panel according to the current position of the grating and the target position, and using the black matrix to shield the adjustment process of the grating from the current position to the target position, so that the adjustment process of the position of the grating is not perceived by human eyes; The position of the grating is adjusted according to the target position.

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