Instrument switching mechanism and medical device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an instrument switching mechanism and a medical device, relating to the technical field of medical instruments. The instrument switching mechanism of the present invention includes a first tube body and a second tube body. The first tube body is used for inserting a first treatment instrument, and the second tube body is used for inserting a second treatment instrument. The instrument switching mechanism further includes a gear, a first rack portion and a second rack portion. The first rack portion is fixedly connected to the first tube body, and the second rack portion is fixedly connected to the second tube body. The first rack portion and the second rack portion are located on both sides of the gear and mesh with the gear. The instrument switching mechanism further includes a force applying member, which is fixedly connected to the gear. The force applying member is used for driving the gear to rotate, and making one of the first treatment instrument and the second treatment instrument move distally, while the other moves proximally. This instrument switching mechanism simplifies the operation steps when switching between the first treatment instrument and the second treatment instrument, can improve the operation efficiency and reduce the operation duration, and can also improve the doctor's operation experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly to an instrument switching mechanism and a medical device. Background Art

[0002] An endoscope is a commonly used medical device that can directly enter the human body cavity for examination, providing sufficient diagnostic information for doctors. An endoscope typically includes: an insertion portion for inserting into the human body, a handle for controlling the bending of the front end of the insertion portion, and a display device for displaying the internal environment of the natural human cavity; through the cooperation of the above three parts, the endoscope can achieve peeping into the human body, exploring lesions, and treatment.

[0003] After the insertion portion extends into the human body, a treatment instrument can be inserted into the endoscope to complete sampling or treatment of the diseased part. For example, for a ureteroscope, in order to better remove stones, the ureteroscope needs to be used in conjunction with multiple treatment instruments, and the treatment instruments need to be replaced during the operation.

[0004] In a traditional endoscope system, when replacing a treatment instrument, usually the first treatment instrument is pulled out from the instrument channel of the insertion portion, and then the second treatment instrument is inserted into the instrument channel. This replacement method requires the first treatment instrument to be completely removed from the instrument channel, and then the second treatment instrument is inserted from the entrance of the instrument channel to the distal end of the instrument channel. This not only has cumbersome steps but also a long replacement time.

[0005] In related technologies, an endoscope system is provided. The instrument channel of this endoscope system includes a first cavity and a second cavity, and the first cavity and the second cavity share a third cavity at the distal end. Thus, when replacing the treatment instrument, only the first treatment instrument needs to be retracted into the first cavity, and then the second treatment instrument is directly inserted into the third cavity from the distal end of the second cavity, which can reduce the replacement time of the treatment instrument.

[0006] However, for this endoscope system, when the doctor operates, there are still two steps: the first step is the operation of retracting the first treatment instrument, and the second step is the operation of inserting the second treatment instrument. The operation steps are cumbersome; moreover, the doctor needs to operate two treatment instruments, which is not conducive to the convenience of operation. Therefore, providing an endoscope with simple operation is a technical problem that those skilled in the art urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention discloses an instrument switching mechanism and a medical device to solve the technical problems of cumbersome operation steps and poor operation convenience when switching treatment instruments in the endoscopes in related technologies.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention discloses an instrument switching mechanism.

[0010] The instrument switching mechanism of the present invention is used in an endoscope. The instrument switching mechanism includes a first tube body and a second tube body. The first tube body is used for inserting a first treatment instrument, and the second tube body is used for inserting a second treatment instrument. The instrument switching mechanism further includes a gear, a first rack portion, and a second rack portion. The first rack portion is fixedly connected to the first tube body, and the second rack portion is fixedly connected to the second tube body. The first rack portion and the second rack portion are located on both sides of the gear and mesh with the gear. The instrument switching mechanism further includes a force applying member fixedly connected to the gear. The force applying member is used to drive the gear to rotate, and to move one of the first treatment instrument and the second treatment instrument distally, while moving the other proximally.

[0011] According to an optional embodiment, the first tube body includes a first sliding section and a first fixed section. The first sliding section is fixedly connected to the first rack portion, and the first fixed section is slidably connected to the first rack portion. And the first treatment instrument is fixedly connected to the first sliding section. The second tube body includes a second sliding section and a second fixed section. The second sliding section is fixedly connected to the second rack portion, and the second fixed section is slidably connected to the second rack portion. And the second treatment instrument is fixedly connected to the second sliding section.

[0012] According to an optional embodiment, the first sliding section and the first fixed section are connected by a first elastic tube, and the second sliding section and the second fixed section are connected by a second elastic tube. Or the first sliding section and the first fixed section are arranged at intervals, and the second sliding section and the second fixed section are arranged at intervals.

[0013] According to an optional embodiment, a first fixing assembly is provided at the proximal end of the first sliding section. The first fixing assembly is sleeved outside the first sliding section and the first treatment instrument, and axially fixedly connects the first sliding section and the first treatment instrument. A second fixing assembly is provided at the proximal end of the second sliding section. The second fixing assembly is sleeved outside the second sliding section and the second treatment instrument, and axially fixedly connects the second sliding section and the second treatment instrument.

[0014] According to an optional embodiment, the instrument switching mechanism further includes a housing. The housing is provided with a receiving cavity, and the gear, the first rack portion, and the second rack portion are arranged in the receiving cavity.

[0015] According to an optional embodiment, the instrument switching mechanism further includes a locking assembly, which is disposed on the housing and the force applying member. After the switching between the first treatment instrument and the second treatment instrument is completed, the locking assembly is used to keep the gear in a first state or a second state. When the gear is in the first state, the gear meshes with the first rack portion and is separated from the second rack portion; when the gear is in the second state, the gear is separated from the first rack portion and meshes with the second rack portion.

[0016] According to an optional embodiment, the first rack portion and the second rack portion are arranged offset in the height direction of the housing, and the locking assembly is used to position the gear at a first height or a second height and keep the gear in a first state or a second state.

[0017] According to an optional embodiment, the locking assembly includes a clamping block, which is fixed to the force applying member; a convex column is provided on the housing, and the convex column is nested with the force applying member. The locking assembly further includes a sliding groove, which is arranged on the convex column. The sliding groove has a first end and a second end, and the height between the first end and the housing is greater than the height between the second end and the housing.

[0018] According to an optional embodiment, the locking assembly further includes an elastic member, and both ends of the elastic member are respectively abutted against the gear and the top wall of the housing. When the clamping block is clamped at the first end of the sliding groove, the elastic member is in a compressed state.

[0019] The second aspect of the present invention discloses a medical device.

[0020] The medical device of the present invention includes an instrument switching mechanism and an endoscope. The instrument switching mechanism is the instrument switching mechanism described in any one of the technical solutions of the present invention. The instrument switching mechanism and the endoscope are of an integral structure, or the instrument switching mechanism and the endoscope are detachably connected.

[0021] The technical solution adopted by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0022] In the instrument switching mechanism of the present invention, the first rack portion and the second rack portion are located on both sides of the gear and mesh with the gear. When the gear rotates, one of the first rack portion and the second rack portion can be moved distally, while the other is moved proximally; and since the first rack portion is fixedly connected to the first tube body and the second rack portion is fixedly connected to the second tube body, the movement of the first tube body and the second tube body can be driven by the movement of the first rack portion and the second rack portion, and thus one of the first treatment instrument located in the first tube body and the second treatment instrument located in the second tube body can be moved distally, while the other is moved proximally.

[0023] It can be seen that the instrument switching mechanism of the present invention only needs to operate the force-applying member when switching between the first treatment instrument and the second treatment instrument. Compared with the existing switching method, the operation steps are simplified, the operation efficiency can be improved and the operation time can be reduced; on the other hand, the instrument switching mechanism of the present invention only needs the force-applying member to be operated when switching between the first treatment instrument and the second treatment instrument, and there is no need to operate the two treatment instruments. It has the advantage of convenient operation and can also improve the doctor's operating experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an instrument channel in the related art;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a medical device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a partial schematic diagram of a medical device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus switching mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a first partial schematic diagram of the device switching mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a second partial schematic diagram of the device switching mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a third partial schematic diagram of the device switching mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a fourth partial schematic diagram of the device switching mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first tube body and the second tube body according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of a first tube and a second tube in another embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 11is a schematic diagram of a force applying member according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of a housing according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.13 This is a first schematic diagram of a boss according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig.14 This is a second schematic diagram of a boss according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig.15 This is a simplified structural diagram of the present invention in which the gear is engaged with the first rack portion and separated from the second rack portion;

[0040] Fig.16 This is a simplified structural diagram of the present invention wherein the gear meshes with the first rack portion and the second rack portion;

[0041] Figure 17 This is a simplified structural diagram of the gear of the present application being separated from the first rack portion and meshing with the second rack portion.

[0042] In the figure: 100, instrument switching mechanism; 110, first tube; 111, first sliding section; 112, first fixed section; 113, first elastic tube; 114, first fixed assembly; 1141, first sleeve connection; 1142, first locking cap; 120, second tube; 121, second sliding section; 122, second fixed section; 123, second elastic tube; 124, second fixed assembly; 1241, second sleeve connection; 1242, second locking cap; 130, gear; 140, first rack; 141, first gear 1. a first end portion; 2. a second end portion; 3. an elastic member; 4. a first treatment instrument; 5. a second treatment instrument; 6. a second end portion; 7. an endoscope; 8. a first handle; 9. an insertion portion; 10. a first instrument channel; 11. a second instrument channel; 12. a second end portion; 13. a second end portion; 14. a second end portion; 15. a second rack portion; 150. a second rack portion; 151. a second rack portion; 160. a force-applying member; 161. a fixed shaft; 170. a housing; 171. a boss; 1711. a mounting groove; 172. a buckle; 181. a block; 182. a slide groove; 1821. a first end portion; 1822. a second end portion; 183. an elastic member; 210. a first treatment instrument; 220. a second treatment instrument; 300. an endoscope; 310. a handle; 320. an insertion portion; 321. a first instrument channel; 322. a second instrument channel; 323. a common channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are usually of the same category, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / ", generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0045] In each embodiment of this application, "proximal end" and "distal end" refer to the relative distances of each component from the user in the usage environment. Among them, the end closer to the user is designated as the "proximal end", and the end farther from the user is designated as the "distal end".

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, in the endoscopic system in the related art, the instrument channel includes a first instrument channel 321 and a second instrument channel 322. The first instrument channel 321 and the second instrument channel 322 are both connected to a common channel 323 at the distal end. When replacing the treatment instrument, only need to retract the first treatment instrument into the first instrument channel 321, and then directly insert the second treatment instrument from the distal end of the second instrument channel 322 into the common channel 323. This kind of instrument channel is beneficial to reducing the size of the distal end of the insertion part. However, in this kind of endoscopic system, when the doctor operates, there are still two steps: the first step is the operation of retracting the first treatment instrument, and the second step is the operation of inserting the second treatment instrument. The operation steps are cumbersome; moreover, the doctor still needs to operate two treatment instruments, which is not conducive to the convenience of operation.

[0047] This application provides an instrument switching mechanism. The instrument switching mechanism includes a force applying member. By applying force to the force applying member, the operations of retracting the first treatment instrument and inserting the second treatment instrument can be realized simultaneously. This can not only reduce the instrument replacement time, but also simplify the operation steps of instrument replacement. For the doctor, only need to operate the force applying member, without changing the operation object, thus improving the convenience of operation and the doctor's operation experience.

[0048] The following combines the attached Figures 1 to 17 drawings, and through specific embodiments and their application scenarios, the instrument switching mechanism and medical device provided by this application are described in detail.

[0049] The first aspect of this embodiment details the instrument switching mechanism.

[0050] The instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment is used in the endoscope 300. The endoscope 300 includes a handle 310 and an insertion portion 320, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown. The handle 310 is provided with an operating member for the doctor to operate, and the insertion portion 320 is used to be inserted into the cavity. The distal end of the insertion portion 320 has an active bending section, and structures such as a camera module are provided on the distal end face of the active bending section. An instrument channel is also provided in the insertion portion 320.

[0051] Exemplarily, the insertion portion 320 is provided with an independent first instrument channel 321 and a second instrument channel 322. The first treatment instrument 210 can extend out through the first instrument channel 321; the second treatment instrument 220 can extend out through the second instrument channel 322.

[0052] Exemplarily, the insertion portion 320 is provided with a first instrument channel 321 and a second instrument channel 322. In the distal region of the insertion portion 320, both the first instrument channel 321 and the second instrument channel 322 are communicated with a common channel 323, as Figure 1 shown. The first treatment instrument 210 can extend out through the first instrument channel 321 and the common channel 323; when the first treatment instrument 210 is retracted into the first instrument channel 321, the second treatment instrument 220 can extend out through the second instrument channel 322 and the common channel 323. Exemplarily, the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 can be selected from biopsy forceps, puncture devices, soft tissue clamps, stone extraction baskets, double-J tubes, etc.

[0053] The instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment includes a first tube body 110 and a second tube body 120, as Figure 4 shown. The first tube body 110 is used to insert the first treatment instrument 210, and the second tube body 120 is used to insert the second treatment instrument 220, as Figure 4 shown. Exemplarily, the first tube body 110 can be communicated with the first instrument channel 321, and the second tube body 120 can be communicated with the second instrument channel 322. Or, the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120 are respectively formed by extending proximally from the first instrument channel 321 and the second instrument channel 322, that is, the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120 are respectively an integral structure with the first instrument channel 321 and the second instrument channel 322.

[0054] The instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment further includes a gear 130, a first rack portion 140, and a second rack portion 150, as Figure 6 or Figure 7 shown. The first rack portion 140 is fixedly connected to the first tube body 110, the second rack portion 150 is fixedly connected to the second tube body 120, and the first rack portion 140 and the second rack portion 150 are located on both sides of the gear 130 and mesh with the gear 130.

[0055] When the gear 130 rotates, one of the first rack portion 140 and the second rack portion 150 can be moved distally while the other moves proximally. Furthermore, since the first rack portion 140 is fixedly connected to the first tube body 110 and the second rack portion 150 is fixedly connected to the second tube body 120, the movement of the first rack portion 140 and the second rack portion 150 can drive the movement of the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120, thereby causing one of the first treatment instrument 210 located within the first tube body 110 and the second treatment instrument 220 located within the second tube body 120 to move distally while the other moves proximally. Specifically, one of the distal ends of the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 moves distally while the other moves proximally.

[0056] For example, when the gear 130 rotates counterclockwise, the first rack portion 140 can be moved distally, and the second rack portion 150 can be moved proximally, thereby enabling the first treatment instrument 210 to move distally and the second treatment instrument 220 to move proximally, thereby switching the second treatment instrument 220 to the first treatment instrument 210. Figure 6 The diagram shows the first rack portion 140 moving distally while the second rack portion 150 moves proximally. Clockwise rotation of the gear 130 moves the first rack portion 140 proximally and the second rack portion 150 distally, thereby enabling the first treatment instrument 210 to move proximally and the second treatment instrument 220 to move distally, switching from the first treatment instrument 210 to the second treatment instrument 220.

[0057] The device switching mechanism of this embodiment further includes a force applying member 160, such as Figure 6 or Figure 7 As shown. The force member 160 is used to provide power for the rotation of the gear 130. For example, the force member 160 is a knob, a dial, a toggle, etc., which is convenient for the operator to apply force. Taking the force member 160 as a knob as an example, the force member 160 is fixedly connected to the gear 130, as shown. Figure 6 or Figure 7 As shown. The force applying member 160 is used to drive the gear 130 to rotate and move one of the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 toward the distal end while the other moves toward the proximal end. Figure 8 As shown, the force-applying member 160 is fixed to a fixed shaft 161, which is also fixedly connected to the gear 130. When force is applied to the force-applying member 160, the force-applying member 160 drives the fixed shaft 161 to rotate, thereby driving the gear 130 to rotate. The method of fixed connection between the fixed shaft 161 and the gear 130 is not limited here.

[0058] For the instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment, when switching between the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, it can be achieved only by operating the force-applying member 160. Compared with the existing switching methods, the operation steps are simplified, the operation efficiency can be improved, and the operation duration can be reduced. On the other hand, for the instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment, when switching between the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, the doctor only needs to operate the force-applying member 160 and does not need to operate the two treatment instruments, which has the advantage of operation convenience and can also improve the doctor's operation experience.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first tube body 110 includes a first sliding section 111 and a first fixed section 112, as Fig. 9 or Fig.10 shown. The first sliding section 111 is located at the proximal end of the first fixed section 112. The first sliding section 111 is fixedly connected to the first rack portion 140, the first fixed section 112 is slidably connected to the first rack portion 140, and the first treatment instrument 210 is fixedly connected to the first sliding section 111. Exemplarily, the first rack portion 140 has a channel penetrating in its axial direction, the first sliding section 111 and the first fixed section 112 are installed in this channel, and the diameter of the part of the channel for installing the first sliding section 111 is smaller, so that the first sliding section 111 and the channel can be in interference fit; the diameter of the part of the channel for installing the first fixed section 112 is larger, so that the first fixed section 112 and the channel can be in sliding fit. As Figure 6 shown, the side surface of the first rack portion 140 is provided with a first rack 141, and the first rack 141 is used for meshing with the gear 130.

[0060] In some embodiments, the second tube body 120 includes a second sliding section 121 and a second fixed section 122, as Fig. 9 or Fig.10 shown. The second sliding section 121 is located at the proximal end of the second fixed section 122. The second sliding section 121 is fixedly connected to the second rack portion 150, the second fixed section 122 is slidably connected to the second rack portion 150, and the second treatment instrument 220 is fixedly connected to the second sliding section 121. The fixing method of the second sliding section 121 and the second fixed section 122 can be the same as that of the first sliding section 111 and the first fixed section 112, and will not be elaborated here. As Figure 7 shown, the side surface of the second rack portion 150 is provided with a second rack 151, and the second rack 151 is used for meshing with the gear 130.

[0061] For the instrument switching structure of this embodiment, the first tube body 110 includes a first sliding section 111 and a first fixed section 112, and the second tube body 120 includes a second sliding section 121 and a second fixed section 122. When the gear 130 rotates, only the first sliding section 111 and the second sliding section 121 located at the proximal end need to be driven to move, and the switching of the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 can be completed, which can improve the smoothness of instrument switching and avoid being blocked by the internal structure of the handle 310 of the endoscope 300 and / or affected by the complexity of the movement path during the overall sliding of the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first sliding section 111 and the first fixed section 112 are spaced apart, and the second sliding section 121 and the second fixed section 122 are spaced apart, as Fig. 9 shown. That is, both between the first sliding section 111 and the first fixed section 112 and between the second sliding section 121 and the second fixed section 122 are segmented structures. Exemplarily, when the first tube body 110 moves distally and the second tube body 120 moves proximally at the same time, the first sliding section 111 and the first fixed section 112 approach each other, and the second sliding section 121 and the second fixed section 122 move away from each other. Fig. 9 Shows a schematic diagram of the first sliding section 111 and the first fixed section 112 approaching each other, and the second sliding section 121 and the second fixed section 122 moving away from each other after the first rack portion 140 moves distally and the second rack portion 150 moves proximally at the same time.

[0063] In some embodiments, the first sliding section 111 and the first fixed section 112 are connected by a first elastic tube 113, and the second sliding section 121 and the second fixed section 122 are connected by a second elastic tube 123, as Fig.10 shown. Exemplarily, the first elastic tube 113 and the second elastic tube 123 are bellows or spring tubes. Exemplarily, when the first tube body 110 moves distally and the second tube body 120 moves proximally at the same time, the first elastic tube 113 gradually switches from a stretched state to a compressed state, and at the same time, the second elastic tube 123 gradually switches from a compressed state to a stretched state. Fig.10 Shows a schematic diagram of the first elastic tube 113 being in a compressed state and the second elastic tube 123 being in a stretched state after the first rack portion 140 moves distally and the second rack portion 150 moves proximally at the same time.

[0064] The inventor found in the research that since both between the first sliding section 111 and the first fixed section 112 and between the second sliding section 121 and the second fixed section 122 are segmented structures, when the force applied by the force applying member 160 is too large, it is easy to cause the problem that the distal end of the first sliding section 111 and the proximal end of the first fixed section 112 are nested with each other, or the distal end of the second sliding section 121 and the proximal end of the second fixed section 122 are nested with each other.

[0065] In the instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment, the first elastic tube 113 and the second elastic tube 123 can partially absorb the force applied by the force-applying member 160. When the first elastic tube 113 and the second elastic tube 123 are compressed to their limit, they can be regarded as hard tubes and are not prone to bending. This can also prevent the force applied by the force-applying member 160 from being too strong, which could cause the distal end of the first sliding section 111 to nest with the proximal end of the first fixed section 112, or the distal end of the second sliding section 121 to nest with the proximal end of the second fixed section 122.

[0066] In some embodiments, the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 may be pre-integrated into the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120. When in use, it is only necessary to connect the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120 to the first instrument channel 321 and the second instrument channel 322 respectively.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 can be inserted into the first tube 110 and the second tube 120 when needed.

[0068] In some embodiments, a first fixing assembly 114 is provided at the proximal end of the first sliding section 111, such as Figure 4 The first fixing assembly 114 is sleeved on the first sliding section 111 and the first treatment instrument 210 , and axially fixes the first sliding section 111 and the first treatment instrument 210 so that the axial movement of the first sliding section 111 can drive the axial movement of the first treatment instrument 210 .

[0069] In some embodiments, the first fixing assembly 114 includes a first sleeve portion 1141 and a first locking cap 1142. Figure 4 As shown. The first sleeve portion 1141 is sleeved on the first sliding section 111 and the first treatment instrument 210, and the first locking cap 1142 is sleeved on the outside of the first sleeve portion 1141 and fixedly connected to the first sleeve portion 1141. Figure 5 As shown, the proximal end of the first sleeve portion 1141 is tapered and has multiple openings circumferentially disposed thereon, facilitating its attachment to the first sliding section 111 and the first treatment instrument 210. The outer surface of the first sleeve portion 1141 also features a threaded structure. The inner surface of the first locking cap 1142 is tapered and threaded. Consequently, when the first locking cap 1142 is attached to and threadedly connected to the first sleeve portion 1141, the proximal end of the first sleeve portion 1141 can be retracted, clamping the first treatment instrument 210 securely.

[0070] In some embodiments, a second fixing assembly 124 is provided at the proximal end of the second sliding section 121, such as Figure 4As shown. The second fixing component 124 is sleeved outside the second sliding section 121 and the second treatment instrument 220, and axially fixes and connects the second sliding section 121 and the second treatment instrument 220, so that the axial movement of the second sliding section 121 can drive the axial movement of the second treatment instrument 220.

[0071] In some embodiments, the second fixing component 124 includes a second sleeving portion 1241 and a second locking cap 1242, as Figure 4 shown. The second sleeving portion 1241 is sleeved outside the second sliding section 121 and the second treatment instrument 220, and the second locking cap 1242 is sleeved outside the second sleeving portion 1241 and fixedly connected to the second sleeving portion 1241. As Figure 5 shown, the second sleeving portion 1241 and the second locking cap 1242 are the same as the first sleeving portion 1141 and the first locking cap 1142, and will not be elaborated here.

[0072] The instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment is provided with a first fixing component 114 and a second fixing component 124, which can facilitate the replacement of the types of the first treatment instrument 210 and / or the second treatment instrument 220 based on surgical needs.

[0073] In some embodiments, the instrument switching mechanism further includes a housing 170, as Figures 4 to 8 shown. The housing 170 is provided with a receiving cavity, and the gear 130, the first rack portion 140 and the second rack portion 150 are arranged in the receiving cavity. Exemplarily, in order to facilitate the installation of the gear 130, the first rack portion 140 and the second rack portion 150, the housing 170 may include a detachable upper housing and a lower housing.

[0074] Exemplarily, when the instrument switching mechanism and the endoscope 300 are of a split structure, the housing 170 is an additionally provided housing, as Figures 2 to 8 shown. The additionally provided housing 170 is used to accommodate the gear 130, the first rack portion 140 and the second rack portion 150, which can avoid occupying the internal space of the handle 310 or the problem that the size of the handle 310 is too large and not convenient for the doctor to hold and operate.

[0075] Exemplarily, the instrument switching mechanism and the endoscope 300 may also be of an integrated structure. In this case, the housing 170 may be the housing of the handle 310 of the endoscope 300.

[0076] As Figures 2 to 8 shown, both ends of the housing 170 have through holes for the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120 to pass through. Preferably, the housing 170 is a sealed structure. The sealed housing 170 can ensure that the gear 130, the first rack portion 140 and the second rack portion 150 are not affected by the external environment, so as to ensure the smoothness and reliability during the instrument switching process.

[0077] In some embodiments, the housing 170 is further provided with a buckle 172, such as Figure 2 The buckle 172 is used to clamp and fix the operating parts of the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, so as to avoid the problem that the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 are difficult to collect and fix when not in use.

[0078] In some embodiments, the instrument switching mechanism further includes a locking assembly that is used to lock one of the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 , so that when the force-applying member 160 continues to operate, only the one locked by the locking assembly can be driven to move, while the other one not locked by the locking assembly is not moved by the operation of the force-applying member 160 .

[0079] In some embodiments, a locking assembly is disposed on the housing 170 and the force-applying member 160. After the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 are switched, the locking assembly is used to maintain the gear 130 in the first state or the second state. For example, after the second treatment instrument 220 is switched to the first treatment instrument 210, the locking assembly is simultaneously used to lock the first treatment instrument 210; and after the first treatment instrument 210 is switched to the second treatment instrument 220, the locking assembly is simultaneously used to lock the second treatment instrument 220.

[0080] For example, when the gear 130 is in the first state, the gear 130 is engaged with the first rack portion 140, and the gear 130 is separated from the second rack portion 150, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 or Fig.15 When the gear 130 is in the first state, the force applying member 160 is operated to move only the first rack portion 140 , while the second rack portion 150 is not moved by the force applying member 160 . This allows further adjustment of the insertion length of the first treatment instrument 210 .

[0081] For example, when the gear 130 is in the second state, the gear 130 is separated from the first rack portion 140, and the gear 130 is engaged with the second rack portion 150, as shown in FIG. Figure 17 When the gear 130 is in the second state, the force applying member 160 is operated to move only the second rack portion 150 , while the first rack portion 140 is not moved by the force applying member 160 . This allows further adjustment of the insertion length of the second treatment instrument 220 .

[0082] The instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment can lock the first treatment instrument 210 or the second treatment instrument 220 at the same time after completing the switching between the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, which has the advantages of simple operation steps and high efficiency.

[0083] In some embodiments, the first rack portion 140 and the second rack portion 150 are staggered in the height direction of the housing 170, and the locking assembly is used to position the gear 130 at the first height or the second height and to maintain the gear 130 in the first state or the second state, such as Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figures 15 to 17 As shown. Exemplarily, the first height is greater than the second height. That is, the distance between the gear 130 and the top wall of the housing 170 when the gear 130 is at the first height is less than the distance between the gear 130 and the top wall of the housing 170 when the gear 130 is at the second height.

[0084] like Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figures 15 to 17 As shown, the first rack portion 140 is located at a higher height, and the second rack portion 150 is located at a lower height. That is, the distance between the first rack portion 140 and the top wall of the housing 170 is smaller than the distance between the second rack portion 150 and the top wall of the housing 170. When the gear 130 is at the first height, the gear 130 can mesh with the first rack portion 140 and separate from the second rack portion 150, so that the gear 130 remains in the first state. When the gear 130 is at the second height, the gear 130 can mesh with the second rack portion 150 and separate from the first rack portion 140, so that the gear 130 remains in the second state.

[0085] It should be noted that Figures 15 to 17 The diagram is merely a simplified diagram for illustrating the coordination relationship between the gear 130 and the first rack portion 140 and the second rack portion 150 in different states. Figures 15 to 17 The components are not completely consistent with the other figures.

[0086] A specific structure of the locking assembly is provided below.

[0087] In some embodiments, the housing 170 is provided with a boss 171, such as Fig.12 As shown. The boss 171 is nested with the force member 160, and the boss 171 and the force member 160 are rotated together. The locking assembly includes a block 181. The block 181 is fixed on the force member 160, as shown. Figure 11 The locking assembly also includes a slide groove 182, as shown. Fig.13 and Fig.14 The slide groove 182 is provided on the boss 171, and the slide groove 182 has a first end 1821 and a second end 1822. The height between the first end 1821 and the surface of the housing 170 is greater than the height between the second end 1822 and the surface of the housing 170. Fig.13 and Fig.14 shown.

[0088] like Figure 11 、 Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, there are two clamping blocks 181 , and correspondingly, there are two sliding grooves 182 , with one clamping block 181 corresponding to one sliding groove 182 .

[0089] Specifically, when the block 181 is engaged with the first end 1821, the gear 130 can be located at a first height, and the gear 130 maintains the first state; when the block 181 is engaged with the second end 1822, the gear 130 can be located at a second height, and the gear 130 maintains the second state; when the block 181 slides between the first end 1821 and the second end 1822, the gear 130 can be engaged with the first rack portion 140 and the second rack portion 150 at the same time, thereby realizing the switching of the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220.

[0090] In some embodiments, the locking assembly further includes an elastic member 183, such as Figure 8 As shown. The two ends of the elastic member 183 are respectively in contact with the gear 130 and the inner top wall of the housing 170, and when the block 181 is engaged with the first end 1821 of the slide groove 182, the elastic member 183 is in a compressed state, as shown. Fig.15 As shown. Fig.13 As shown, a groove is formed at the first end 1821 , and the force applied by the elastic member 183 to the gear 130 can cause the clamping block 181 to be engaged in the groove, thereby locking the force-applying member 160 .

[0091] Specifically, when the clamping block 181 slides from the first end 1821 to the second end 1822 of the chute 182, the force applying member 160 is rotated by a certain angle to unlock the force applying member 160. At this time, the force applying member 160 can move downward under the drive of the elastic member 183, so that the clamping block 181 enters the chute 182, which is lower than the first end 1821. At this time, the gear 130 can be meshed with the first rack portion 140 and the second rack portion 150 at the same time. Then, the force applying member 160 is continued to be operated to switch between the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220. The force applying member 160 is then further driven by the elastic member 183 to move downward, so that the clamping block 181 enters and engages with the second end 1822, which is lower than the first end 1821. During the downward movement of the force applying member 160, the elastic force of the elastic member 183 is gradually released.

[0092] Conversely, when the clamping block 181 slides from the second end 1822 of the chute 182 to the first end 1821, the force applying member 160 is rotated a certain angle and then pulled upward to allow the clamping block 181 to enter the chute 182, which is higher than the second end 1822. At this time, the gear 130 can be simultaneously engaged with the first rack portion 140 and the second rack portion 150. Then, the force applying member 160 is continued to be operated to switch between the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220. The force applying member 160 is then further pulled upward to allow the clamping block 181 to enter and engage with the first end 1821, which is higher than the second end 1822. During the downward movement of the force applying member 160, the elastic member 183 is gradually compressed.

[0093] In some embodiments, in order to facilitate the assembly of the block 181, a mounting groove 1711 is further provided on the boss 171, the mounting groove 1711 is connected to the slide groove 182, and the mounting groove 1711 extends to the upper end of the boss 171, such as Fig.13 and Fig.14 shown.

[0094] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a detailed description of the medical device.

[0095] The medical device of this embodiment includes an instrument switching mechanism 100 and an endoscope 300. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The instrument switching mechanism 100 is the instrument switching mechanism of any technical solution in the first aspect of this embodiment. The structure of the endoscope 300 can be the same as that of the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0096] In some embodiments, the instrument switching mechanism 100 and the endoscope 300 are integrated. In this configuration, the force-applying member 160 is disposed on the housing of the handle 310. The integrated structure of the instrument switching mechanism 100 and the endoscope 300 can make the medical device compact and easier for doctors to operate.

[0097] In some embodiments, the instrument switching mechanism 100 is detachably connected to the endoscope 300, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 This structure can facilitate the replacement of the type of the first treatment instrument 210 and / or the second treatment instrument 220 and can also ensure that the layout inside the handle 310 of the endoscope 300 is not affected.

[0098] The medical device of this embodiment has an instrument switching mechanism of any one of the technical solutions in the first aspect of this embodiment. When the medical device switches between two treatment instruments, it can simplify the operation steps, improve operation efficiency and reduce operation time, and also improve the doctor's operating experience.

[0099] It should be noted that in this text, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such a process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including that element.

[0100] In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed. It may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0101] As described above, the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An instrument switching mechanism for use in an endoscope, characterized in that, The instrument switching mechanism includes a first tube body (110) and a second tube body (120). The first tube body (110) is for inserting a first treatment instrument (210), and the second tube body (120) is for inserting a second treatment instrument (220). The instrument switching mechanism further includes a gear (130), a first rack portion (140), and a second rack portion (150). The first rack portion (140) is fixedly connected to the first tube body (110), the second rack portion (150) is fixedly connected to the second tube body (120), and the first rack portion (140) and the second rack portion (150) are located on both sides of the gear (130) and mesh with the gear (130). The instrument switching mechanism further includes a force applying member (160). The force applying member (160) is fixedly connected to the gear (130), and the force applying member (160) is for driving the gear (130) to rotate, and causing one of the first treatment instrument (210) and the second treatment instrument (220) to move distally, while the other moves proximally. The instrument switching mechanism further includes a housing (170) and a locking assembly. The locking assembly is provided on the housing (170) and the force applying member (160). After the switching between the first treatment instrument (210) and the second treatment instrument (220) is completed, the locking assembly is for keeping the gear (130) in a first state or a second state. When the gear (130) is in the first state, the gear (130) meshes with the first rack portion (140) and is separated from the second rack portion (150); when the gear (130) is in the second state, the gear (130) is separated from the first rack portion (140) and meshes with the second rack portion (150).

2. The instrument switching mechanism according to claim 1, wherein, The first tube body (110) includes a first sliding section (111) and a first fixed section (112). The first sliding section (111) is fixedly connected to the first rack portion (140), the first fixed section (112) is slidably connected to the first rack portion (140), and the first treatment instrument (210) is fixedly connected to the first sliding section (111). The second tube body (120) includes a second sliding section (121) and a second fixed section (122). The second sliding section (121) is fixedly connected to the second rack portion (150), the second fixed section (122) is slidably connected to the second rack portion (150), and the second treatment instrument (220) is fixedly connected to the second sliding section (121).

3. The instrument switching mechanism according to claim 2, wherein, The first sliding section (111) and the first fixed section (112) are connected by a first elastic tube (113), and the second sliding section (121) and the second fixed section (122) are connected by a second elastic tube (123). Alternatively, the first sliding section (111) and the first fixed section (112) are arranged at intervals, and the second sliding section (121) and the second fixed section (122) are arranged at intervals.

4. The instrument switching mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first fixing assembly (114) is provided at the proximal end of the first sliding section (111). The first fixing assembly (114) is sleeved outside the first sliding section (111) and the first treatment instrument (210), and axially fixedly connects the first sliding section (111) and the first treatment instrument (210). A second fixing assembly (124) is provided at the proximal end of the second sliding section (121). The second fixing assembly (124) is sleeved outside the second sliding section (121) and the second treatment instrument (220), and axially fixedly connects the second sliding section (121) and the second treatment instrument (220).

5. The instrument switching mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The housing (170) is provided with a receiving cavity, and the gear (130), the first rack portion (140) and the second rack portion (150) are arranged in the receiving cavity.

6. The instrument switching mechanism according to claim 5, wherein The first rack portion (140) and the second rack portion (150) are arranged in a staggered manner in the height direction of the housing (170). The locking assembly is used to position the gear (130) at a first height or a second height and keep the gear (130) in a first state or a second state.

7. The instrument switching mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The locking assembly includes a clamping block (181), and the clamping block (181) is fixed on the force applying member (160). A convex post (171) is provided on the housing (170). The convex post (171) and the force applying member (160) are nested. The locking assembly further includes a sliding groove (182) provided on the convex post (171). The sliding groove (182) has a first end (1821) and a second end (1822). The height between the first end (1821) and the housing (170) is greater than the height between the second end (1822) and the housing (170).

8. The instrument switching mechanism according to claim 7, wherein, The locking assembly further includes an elastic member (183). Two ends of the elastic member (183) are respectively abutted against the gear (130) and the top wall of the housing (170). When the clamping block (181) is clamped to the first end (1821) of the sliding groove (182), the elastic member (183) is in a compressed state.

9. A medical device, characterized in that, It includes an instrument switching mechanism (100) and an endoscope (300). The instrument switching mechanism (100) is the instrument switching mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The instrument switching mechanism (100) and the endoscope (300) are of an integral structure, or the instrument switching mechanism (100) and the endoscope (300) are detachably connected.

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